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620905 | Exploitation film | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exploitation%20film | Exploitation film
of "Billy Jack", or characters in blaxploitation films such as "Coffy", or people from small towns who go to larger cities in pursuit of runaway relatives, as in "Hardcore" (1979) and "Trackdown" (1976). There are "vigilante cop" movies about policemen who feel thwarted by the legal system, as in the "Walking Tall" series, "Mad Max", and the "Dirty Harry" series of Clint Eastwood movies. These are not considered to be true vigilante films in the classic sense, because they do not involve ordinary citizens seeking justice for a personal hurt. Similarly, Martin Scorsese's "Taxi Driver" does not fit the category, because of its mentally disturbed protagonist. Other examples are Sam Peckinpah's | 12,700 |
620905 | Exploitation film | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exploitation%20film | Exploitation film
"Straw Dogs" (1971), Clint Eastwood's "The Outlaw Josey Wales", Joel Schumacher's "Falling Down", and F. Gary Gray's "Law Abiding Citizen".
- ZAxploitation: The exploitation films of South Africa.
# See also.
- Aestheticization of violence
- B movie
- Cult film
- Midnight movie
- Video nasty
- Z movie
# References.
## Bibliography.
- Keyvan Sarkhosh and Winfried Menninghaus (2016). "Enjoying trash films: Underlying features, viewing stances, and experiential response dimensions", "Poetics" vol. 57 (2016), pp. 40–54. .
- Eric Schaefer, "Bold! Daring! Shocking! True!": A History of Exploitation Films, 1919–1959" , Durham, N.C. , Duke University Press, 1999.
- Jeffrey Sconce, "'Trashing' | 12,701 |
620905 | Exploitation film | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exploitation%20film | Exploitation film
the Academy: Taste, Excess, and an Emerging Politics of Cinematic Style", "Screen" vol. 36 no. 4, winter 1995, pp. 371–393.
- Cathal Tohill and Pete Tombs, "", 1994. .
- V. Vale and Andrea Juno, "RE/Search no. 10: Incredibly Strange Films". RE/Search Publications, 1986. .
- Ephraim Katz, "The Film Encyclopedia 5e", 2005. .
- Benedikt Eppenberger, Daniel Stapfer. "Maedchen, Machos und Moneten: Die unglaubliche Geschichte des Schweizer Kinounternehmers Erwin C. Dietrich." Mit einem Vorwort von Jess Franco. Verlag Scharfe Stiefel, Zurich, 2006, .
# External links.
- The Grindhouse Cinema Database. International & classic exploitation cinema magazine and encyclopedia.
- "Lights! Camera! Apocalypse!" | 12,702 |
620905 | Exploitation film | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exploitation%20film | Exploitation film
- Benedikt Eppenberger, Daniel Stapfer. "Maedchen, Machos und Moneten: Die unglaubliche Geschichte des Schweizer Kinounternehmers Erwin C. Dietrich." Mit einem Vorwort von Jess Franco. Verlag Scharfe Stiefel, Zurich, 2006, .
# External links.
- The Grindhouse Cinema Database. International & classic exploitation cinema magazine and encyclopedia.
- "Lights! Camera! Apocalypse!" "Salon" article about Rapture films as Christian exploitation filmmaking.
- Paracinema Magazine – Quarterly film magazine dedicated to B-movies, cult classics, indie, horror, science-fiction, exploitation, underground and Asian films from past and present.
- Boulevard Movies — Exploitation films on DVD & Blu-ray. | 12,703 |
621000 | Eugenio Calabi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eugenio%20Calabi | Eugenio Calabi
Eugenio Calabi
Eugenio Calabi (born 11 May 1923 in Milan, Italy) is an Italian-born American mathematician and professor emeritus at the University of Pennsylvania, specializing in differential geometry, partial differential equations and their applications.
Calabi was a Putnam Fellow as an undergraduate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1946. In 1950 he received his Ph.D. from Princeton University, where his advisor was Salomon Bochner. He later obtained a professorship at the University of Minnesota.
In 1964, Calabi joined the mathematics faculty at the University of Pennsylvania. Following the retirement of the German-born American mathematician Hans Rademacher, he was appointed | 12,704 |
621000 | Eugenio Calabi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eugenio%20Calabi | Eugenio Calabi
n-born American mathematician Hans Rademacher, he was appointed to the Thomas A. Scott Professorship of Mathematics at the University of Pennsylvania in 1967. He won the Steele Prize from the American Mathematical Society in 1991 for his work in differential geometry. In 1994, Calabi assumed emeritus status. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society. His work on the Calabi conjecture for Kähler metrics led to the development of Calabi–Yau manifolds; these, and the study of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics and extremal Kähler metrics introduced by him in 1982 are central topics in complex differential geometry.
# See also.
- Calabi triangle
- Calabi conjecture | 12,705 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
Yugi Mutou
, known as Yugi Muto in the English anime, is a fictional character who was created by Kazuki Takahashi and is the main character of the manga series "Yu-Gi-Oh!". Yugi is introduced as a friendless teenager who is solving an ancient Egyptian puzzle known as the Millennium Puzzle, hoping it will grant him his wish of forming bonds. Yugi revives an ancient spirit called (or Yami Yugi in the English anime). During the series, Yugi forms friendships with the supporting cast, interacts with Yami and learns about his secrets. Besides the manga, Yugi has also appeared in the anime adaptations, films and video games based on the franchise.
Yugi was created as a weak, young man who is interested | 12,706 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
in games and becomes a hero when playing them. According to Takahashi, through this trait, Yugi emphasizes the series' themes; friendship and the enjoyment of games. Yami Yugi was created as a hero who would appeal to young children through his strong characterization.
Critical reception to Yugi has been mixed; some writers found Yami Yugi to be too dark for the series but others praised the development of both Yugi and his alter-ego. His role in movies, mostly "Dark Side of Dimensions", was also praised for featuring a more mature version of the character.
# Creation and development.
Kazuki Takahashi had always been interested in games; he was obsessed with them as a child and is still interested | 12,707 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
in them as an adult. He considered the player of a game becomes a hero. He decided to base the "Yu-Gi-Oh!" series around such games and used this idea as the premise. Yugi was a weak, childish boy who became a hero when he played games. Friendship is one of the major themes of "Yu-Gi-Oh!"; Takahashi based the names of the two major characters "Yūgi" and "Jōnouchi" on the word yūjō (友情), which means "friendship". Henshin, the ability to turn oneself into something or someone else, is something Takahashi believed all children dream of. He considered Yugi's "henshin" Dark Yugi, a savvy, invincible games player, to appeal to children.
Takahashi believes modern society focuses too much on winners | 12,708 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
and losers. For example, the author believes the regular Yugi and Katsuya Jonouchi (known as Joey Wheeler in the English anime) to have more potential as characters because they only focus on enjoying games. He felt Yami Yugi and Seto Kaiba are weaker characters despite the former's heroic traits. As a result, he believes Dark Yugi is at his best when he is being supported by the rest of the cast.
According to Takahashi, while Yugi and Kaiba are rivals, they are not close friends. He believes, however, the most important part of their relationship is before Yugi's duel against Marik's alter-ego. Before the game begins, Kaiba passes Yugi a card that could help him in the game. This scene felt | 12,709 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
like one of the most difficult scenes to write because of the pair's rivalry.
In the first anime adaption of the manga, Megumi Ogata voiced the main character and Shunsuke Kazama replaced her for the following one. Dan Green was Yugi's and Yami Yugi's voice actor in U.S. anime episodes. Ogata recalls that the director chose her to voice Yugi and told her, "I can feel the scent of darkness from you" which Ogata believes refers to Yugi's anti-heroic alter-ego. Green has used two voice pitches for Yugi's and Yami's voices. Green said that while that he notes the way Martin Billany's abridged series based on "Yu-Gi-Oh!" parodies his voice acting, he did not find the humor offensive and enjoyed | 12,710 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
the acting.
# Appearances.
## In "Yu-Gi-Oh!".
Yugi Mutou is the main protagonists of the story. During the manga's first chapter, he tries to complete the , one of the seven Millennium Items and an ancient Egyptian artifact, in hopes it will grant his wish of obtaining friends. However, he is bullied by two classmates, Katsuya Jonouchi (Joey Wheeler in the English anime) and Hiroto Honda (Tristan Taylor), with the former stealing a piece. When another classmate named Ushio beats up the two of them, Yugi comes to the bullies' defense and gets beaten up by Ushio. This causes Jonouchi to return the stolen piece to Yugi's grandfather. Yugi completes the Millennium Puzzle which causes him to be | 12,711 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
possessed by another person. The second personality inhabiting Yugi's body, often referred to in the manga by such epithets as the . helps Yugi whenever he's in trouble, challenging bullies and criminals to occult judgment games called and enforces to enact justice (the default powers of a Millennium Item wielder).
After the Millennnium Puzzle's soul, Dark Yugi defeats Ushio in a game, Yugi befriends Jonouchi. Across the following chapters he also forms bonds with other characters, most notably his crush, Anzu Mazaki (Téa Gardner in the English anime), who instead develops a crush for Yugi's alter-ego, and Honda. During the story, Yugi meets a teenager named Seto Kaiba obsessed with a card | 12,712 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
game known as Duel Monsters. He takes the Blue-Eyes White Dragon card of Sugoroku Mutou (Solomon Muto in the English anime), Yugi's grandfather; Sugoroku considers the card his most precious treasure he got from a friend. After Kaiba destroys the card and psychologically tortures the grandfather, Yugi and his friends enter Kaiba's Death-T challenge to end the torture. At the end Yugi and Kaiba have a duel, in which Yugi defeats him. This results into a rivalry as Kaiba seeks to have his rematch against both Yugi and Dark Yugi.
Shortly after Kaiba's defeat, Yugi receives an invitation to the Duel Monsters tournaments held by Maximillion J. Pegasus (Pegasus J. Crawford in Japanese versions). | 12,713 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
In order to lure him out, Pegasus steals Sugoroku's soul with his Millennium Eye. Yugi and Jonouchi go to the tournament, with the latter seeking to use the prize money to use it for an operation to restore his sister's eyesight. Accompanied by Tea and Taylor, Yugi and Jonouchi defeat multiple duelists but Yugi is forced to let himself to be defeated by Kaiba; the soul of Mokuba Kaiba, Seto Kaiba's brother, had also been stolen. With the help of a former rival, Mai Kujaku (Mai Valentine in the English anime), Yugi manages to reach Pegasus' mansion. Following the tournament, Yugi and Yami are able to defeat Pegasus. While Pegasus restores the stolen souls, Yugi gives Jonouchi the prize money | 12,714 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
for the medical treatment of his sister, Shizuka Kawai (Serenity Wheeler).
Some time after Pegasus' tournament, Dark Yugi learns from a woman named Ishizu Ishtar that he was once a Pharaoh but his memory was erased during a conflict. Shortly after this, Kaiba announces his own tournament – Battle City – where every loser in the competition has to give the winner their most valuable card. A group of hunters led by Ishizu's corrupted younger brother, Marik, are set to challenge Yugi, having a vendetta against the Pharaoh. In one duel, Yugi is faced by Slifer, the Sky Dragon: one of the three Egyptian God Cards which are recognized as the three strongest cards. Yugi defeats Marik's hunter and | 12,715 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
earns Slifer. He later uses it to defeat Yami Bakura and once again to confront Kaiba in a rematch, as his rival uses the second God Card: Obelisk the Tormentor. Yugi defeats Kaiba and obtains Obelisk. In the finale, Yugi faces Marik's own darker alter-ego who has the third God Card: The Winged Dragon of Ra. Using a card Kaiba previously passed him, Yugi defeats Marik, obtains Ra and becomes the tournament's champion.
During the final story arc of the manga, Dark Yugi uses the three God Cards to learn of his past. He is transported to an alternate version of his life where he lived as a Pharaoh. During this time, the Pharaoh clashes against Yami Bakura multiple times while Yugi and his friends | 12,716 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
search for a way to aid him. At the end of the manga, it is revealed that his name as Pharaoh was , who sealed his soul into the Puzzle along with the Great God of Evil, Zorc Necrophades. The group is finally able to defeat Zorc and his avatar, Dark Bakura, once and for all in the memory world (which reenacted the Pharaoh's past) and help Atem pass over into the afterlife.
## In other media.
In "Yu-Gi-Oh R", which takes place following Yugi's victory in the Battle City tournament. Yako Tenma, and adopted son of Maximillion Pegasus, decides to avenge his teacher's defeat at the hands of Yugi, believing him to be responsible for Pegasus' alleged death. Tenma kidnaps Téa Gardner, prompting Yugi | 12,717 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
and his friend Joey Wheeler to face Tenma's RA Project and the duel professors.
He is also present "Yu-Gi-Oh! Capsule Monsters" where Yugi goes with his friends to find the missing Solomon Moto. In their journey, Yugi realizes that somehow they have been transported into the world of Capsule Monsters.
The film "" follows a new duel between Yugi and Kaiba. However, the latter has been used by an ancient being known as Anubis who aims to kill the Pharaoh.
Yugi's next appearance is in the movie "" where he joins the duelists Jaden Yuki and Yusei Fudo to defeat the mysterious Paradox.
In "" Yugi and his closest friends are in their final year of High School and are talking about what they will | 12,718 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
do in the future. They are antagonized by Kaiba who wishes to face the Pharaoh who has left to the afterlife. Nevertheless, in the final duel the Pharaoh makes a brief appearance to assist Yugi in defeating the corrupted Aigami.
The video game "Yu-Gi-Oh! Forbidden Memories" follows the Pharaoh's daily life in Egypt until he is sealed into the Millennium Puzzle. Yugi inherits the puzzle and gathers each Millennium item which allows the Pharaoh to deal with his enemies until he keeps peace in his world.
In "Yu-Gi-Oh! The Falsebound Kingdom", Yugi, Joey, Tristan, Téa and Bakura being invited to the testing of the virtual reality game "Kingdom," created by the company SIC. When they enter the | 12,719 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
game they soon find themselves trapped within it, and they must summon the help of the game's characters and monsters in order to defeat the game's villain, Emperor Heishin, and ultimately stop the plans of the game's designer, Scott Irvine, to control the three Egyptian God cards. "Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Links" also uses Yami Yugi as a playable character.
# Reception.
Critical reception to Yugi and Yami has been mixed. In the book "", Jason Thompson noted that while Yugi and his friends often end up in complicated situations during the series' first chapters, the portrayal of Yami might come across as negative due to his actions. During later episodes, however, Thompson viewed Yami as an admirable | 12,720 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
"super hero". In 2013, Thompson again noted Yami's behavior when playing "Penalty Games" on criminal or bullies; he was similar to Batman and Superman because he does not kill enemies but gives them gruesome fates. Fred Ladd also noted Yugi's weakness is due to his inhability to deal with bullies and that his alter-ego seeks revenge for their actions. Ladd said that Yugi and Yami become more developed as characters during the introduction of card games, which are important to the setting, to the series. Thompson agreed, noting that despite Yugi winning most of his duels, Takahashi produces enough drama to make the reader wonder whether he would lose against Pegasus or Marik based on their apparent | 12,721 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
advantages when playing the game. Briana Lawerence from Mania Entertainment was harsher towards Yugi's actions in the series; she found that Yugi was so nearly unbeatable at Duel Monsters that it was almost pointless for new duelists to challenge him.
THEM Anime Reviews criticized Yugi's characterization and design in 4Kids' adaptation of the manga's second anime series; the website cited the character as a stereotype. DVD Talk was confused by the way Yugi transforms whenever he plays a game because it left the Millennium Puzzle as a mystery. Dan Green from the English cast has been praised for his deliveries as Yugi alongside Eric Stuart (Kaiba). While finding Yugi's victories in the anime | 12,722 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
ridiculous, "Fandom Post" still enjoyed the character's actions; the reviewer praised Yami's origins and actions as a Pharaoh, and the way he engages Bakura. The origins of the Pharaoh and his relationship with the priest Seto, Kaiba's previous life, were also praised. For the final duel between the two Yugi, Thompson praised Takahashi's writing because through this duel, both the Pharaoh and the reader are given the message to accept death while Yugi must accept loneliness and become a stronger man.
Critics have also commented upon Yugi's role in the movies based on the franchise. DVD Talk found Yugi's troubled situation as Duel Monsters' champion as an annoyance due to its execution but still | 12,723 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
felt young children should be warmed of it. While enjoying the duel between the protagonists and the villain in "Bonds Beyond Time', "UK Anime Network found the three duelists perform moves necessary to introduce their most iconic characters. While reviewing "Dark Side of Dimensions", IGN praised Yugi's growth alongside his friends' as they interact, making them more mature than in the manga and anime. IGN, however, wrote that although Yugi appears to be the movie's main character, he is overshadowed by Kaiba. Anime News Network said the emotional impact of the split between Yugi and the Pharaoh was impactful, the latter's cameo during the finale left a good impression. The Fandom Post criticized | 12,724 |
620989 | Yugi Mutou | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yugi%20Mutou | Yugi Mutou
racter, he is overshadowed by Kaiba. Anime News Network said the emotional impact of the split between Yugi and the Pharaoh was impactful, the latter's cameo during the finale left a good impression. The Fandom Post criticized the obsessive relationship between Kaiba and the Pharaoh, which came across as romantic. Green's performance as the holographic Pharaoh was praised and the regular Yugi's rivalry with Kaiba received a positive response.
Takahashi and Mike Mignola, the creator of "Hellboy", participated in an art exchange in which Takahashi drew Hellboy with Yugi's hairstyle, a Millennium Puzzle, and a duel disk, and Mignola drew Hellboy wearing a Millennium Puzzle and a Yugi T-shirt). | 12,725 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
International studies
International Studies (IS) generally refers to the specific university degrees and courses which are concerned with the study of ‘the major political, economic, social, and cultural issues that dominate the international agenda’. Predominant topics are politics, economics and law on a global level. The term itself can be more specifically defined as ‘the contemporary and historical understanding of global societies, cultures, languages and systems of government and of the complex relationships between them that shape the world we live in’. The terms and concepts of International Studies and international relations are strongly related; however, International relations focus | 12,726 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
more directly on the relationship between countries, whereas International Studies can encompass all phenomena which are globally oriented.
# History.
The history of the discipline of International Studies is strongly linked with the history of the study of international relations, as described in the International Relations entry. However, the study of International Studies as a separate entity to International Relations emerged throughout the 20th century, as an increasingly complex world began to be influenced by globalization, and a greater number of issues emerged (rather than only inter-country relations). The discipline was greatly influenced by the establishment of the International | 12,727 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
Studies Association, which was established in 1959 by a ‘group of academics and practitioners’ with the aim of ‘seeking to pursue mutual interests in world affairs through the organization of a professional association’. The establishment of the association reflected the increasing interest in global issues and reflected the need for international academic dialogue.
In 2008, the third OCIS conference (Oceanic Conference on International Studies) was held at the University of Queensland’. The conference brought together over 200 academics, with the keynote speaker Andrew Linklater (the Woodrow Wilson Professor of International Politics at the University of Aberystwyth in Wales) noting ‘how vibrant | 12,728 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
and intellectually stimulating International Studies now is in Australia’’.
The increasing popularity of the discipline in Australia led to the International Studies Association to establish an Asia-Pacific Regional Section of the ISA at the University of Queensland in 2009’, which was seen as an ‘indication of the growth of this area’’ in Australia.
# Etymology.
International Studies is sometimes also known as global studies. The terms can be used interchangeably and may be influenced by left vs right inclinations.
# Purpose/aim of study.
Many educational institutions have developed International Studies degrees and courses in order to engage students with the increasing number of issues | 12,729 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
and phenomena which have arisen in an increasingly globalized world. As such, most education providers justify the need for the degrees by relating the increasing importance of the discipline with real-world situations and employment opportunities.
For example, the University of Technology Sydney states that the purpose of their International Studies degree is to ‘prepare graduates for careers and contributions in a world of social and cultural diversity being transformed by globalisation, allowing students to draw connections between global phenomena and local practices in work and life’.
Often, universities will relate the study of International studies with other industries. Monash University | 12,730 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
describes the relevance for International Studies; ‘as the world globalizes and nations and economies become more integrated, it is important to understand our world and the ideas and beliefs of our neighbors and trading partners. In order to compete in the international marketplaces of products, ideas and knowledge we need to understand and respect the cultures and beliefs of others.
# Types of programs.
At many universities, International Studies is offered in both undergraduate and postgraduate pathways. As an undergraduate degree, the discipline is most often offered as part of an Arts Degree, as either a minor or major of straight Arts Degrees or as specialist Arts Degrees. It is also | 12,731 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
often offered as a postgraduate degree as an honors or masters as a progression from the undergraduate degrees offered by the various institutions.
# Types of studies.
The International Studies discipline is usually offered as either part of an arts degree or as a specialist arts degree. As such, students are able to select from a very broad range of subjects to undertake. However, some areas of study which are regularly offered include:
- the political, social, economic and cultural relationships within the international system
- foreign policy, diplomacy and other modes of interaction between the countries of the world
- the significance of foreign societies, cultures, and systems of | 12,732 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
government
- the international movement of people as immigrants, refugees, workers, students, tourists and investors
- the role of international organizations
- the globalization of the world economy
- foreign languages
- history
# Different countries' approaches.
## Australia.
As discussed, the study of the International Studies discipline in Australia occurs mostly within universities and generally approaches the subject as a holistic study of international affairs and phenomena.
## Canada.
There are several International Studies programs in Canada that offer both undergraduate and graduate degrees. The Glendon College International Studies Program, the School for International Studies | 12,733 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
at Simon Fraser University, the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto, the Balsillie School of International Affairs, the Centre for Global Studies at Huron University College, Centre d'études et de Recherches Internationales de l'Université de Montréal, International Studies degree at the University of Regina, the International Studies MA Program at the University of Northern British Columbia and the Institut québécois des hautes études internationales are the leading programs.
## Chile.
In Chile there are two undergraduate programs. The oldest, International Studies undergraduate program which is offered by the Universidad de Santiago de Chile. This programme emphasises | 12,734 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
four core areas: International Relations, Methodology, International Trade, and Defense and Security. This programme has also been recognized through the participation of their students in different simulations of the United Nations System, like the National Model of United Nations NMUN in New York and Kobe 2016, and in the Modelo Naciones Unidas para Latinoamerica y el Caribe(MONULAC) in Antigua. The university opened this undergraduate programme in 2008 and it represents a very promising development in the study of the Social Sciences in Latin America. The Instituto de Estudios Avanzados(IDEA) of the same university also offers a Masters in International Studies.
In 2018, the Universidad | 12,735 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
de Chile open a same programm in cooperation between different academic units like Facso and
## United Kingdom.
In the UK the British International Studies Association (BISA) develops and promotes the study of International Studies, Global Politics and related subjects through teaching, research and the facilitation of contact between scholars. International Studies is often related to or attached to the study in International Relations. At the University of Oxford, the Centre for International Studies "exists to promote and advance research in International Relations". In this sense the use of the term "International Studies" differs to that of the Australian use of the term in that it is | 12,736 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
tied to the discipline of International Relations, rather than addressing them as separate entities.
The Institute of Development Studies (IDS)] based in Sussex, is a leading global charity for international development research, teaching, and communications.
## United States.
There exist a number of institutions which promote International Studies in the United States of America. The Centre for Strategic & International Studies is a foreign policy think tank which aims to ‘provide strategic insights and policy solutions to decisionmakers in government, international institutions, the private sector, and civil society’. The Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies is a research | 12,737 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
center based at Stanford University which is a ‘primary center for innovative research on major international issues and challenges’. Both institutions focus primarily on the study of international affairs and relations in relation to US foreign policy, and therefore differ in the Australian approach to International Studies. Alternatively, the undergraduate International Studies program at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY is a holistic program that more closely follows the Australian model. http://www.sjfc.edu/academics/arts-science/departments/international
## Career prospects.
As stated, many institutions attempt to promote their International Studies degrees by promoting the career | 12,738 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
prospects for graduates. The University of Melbourne has stated that graduates of its International Studies major will be ‘attractive to prospective employees in the public and private sectors including international inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations’. Similarly, RMIT University has stated that ‘the degree prepares you to apply your knowledge of globalization, language and culture in international workplace settings’, such as ‘business, government and non-government organizations in a range of areas’.
The discipline is also working under a premise that employment opportunities in the field of International Studies will steadily increase with the increasing level of interconnectedness | 12,739 |
620985 | International studies | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International%20studies | International studies
s occurring as a result of globalisation; ‘Opportunities for positions requiring international knowledge and skills are increasing and have created a need for graduates who are highly skilled, interculturally attuned and able to think and act globally/locally, as well as being bilingual’.
# See also.
- International relations
- International Students
- International Studies Association
- Global studies
- Graduate Institute of International Studies
# Further reading.
- International Studies Association Publications.
- Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies.
- International Graduate Article.
# External links.
- International Relations Syllabus for University Of Peshawar | 12,740 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
Virginia Intermont College
Virginia Intermont College (VI) was a private, four-year liberal arts college in Bristol, Virginia. Founded in 1884 to create additional education opportunities for women, the College had been coeducational since 1972. It experienced significant financial difficulties during the last years of its existence, was denied accreditation in 2013, and announced its closure on May 20, 2014.
The name "Intermont" was a reference to the College's mountain setting. The Holston Range, which merges into the Blue Ridge Mountains, can be seen from the campus in Bristol, Virginia, part of the Tri-Cities region, which also includes Johnson City and Kingsport, Tennessee.
# History.
The | 12,741 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
college was founded as Southwest Virginia Institute in Glade Spring, Virginia, on September 17, 1884, by Reverend J.R. Harrison, a Baptist minister, as a means to bring higher education opportunities to women in southwest Virginia. Instructing both boarding and day students, the school steadily grew until it outgrew its facilities in less than ten years.
The college began moving to a new site in Bristol, Virginia, in 1891, completing its relocation with the beginning of classes on September 14, 1893. Shortly after the move, the name was changed to Virginia Institute, then to Virginia Intermont College in 1908. A reorganization of the curriculum in 1910 brought the college into the junior college | 12,742 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
movement and the college became the first two-year institution to be accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
During the 1960s, five new buildings were constructed to accommodate the school's growth. In the early 1970s, Virginia Intermont became a four-year institution granting baccalaureate degrees. 1972 marked another major milestone as VI admitted men and became a coeducational institution.
In July 2010, the college hired its first female president, Dr. E. Clorisa Phillips, who came to VI following 30 years in administration at the University of Virginia. Phillips worked on fundraising initiatives for ongoing renovations and upgrades to the historic campus, and added | 12,743 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
academic and athletic programs for the 2012-13 academic year.
## Decline and closure.
In January 2014, faced with declining enrollment, the college announced plans to merge with Webber International University in Babson Park, Florida, but this measure failed in April. On May 4, 2014, faculty president, Dr. Robert Rainwater announced during the 2014 graduation ceremony, that VI would close its doors after 130 years of education in the community.
Just one day after the 2014 graduation, the board of trustees accepted the resignation of President Clorisa Phillips. A statement issued by the college said Phillips stepped down due to personal reasons. She served as president for nearly four years. | 12,744 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
The board of trustees placed the day-to-day leadership of the college with Compass Executives of Nashville with Art Rebrovick serving as interim president and restructuring agent. The College set up teach out programs so it might be possible for students to complete their undergraduate educations with other colleges.
On June 1, 2014, Virginia Intermont released custodianship of student academic records to King University for the purpose of issuing official academic transcripts.
## Sale of campus.
Bluefield College expressed interest in purchasing the property, but backed out when inspections indicated there was $20 million in deferred maintenance to the buildings. In December 2016, the campus | 12,745 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
was sold for $3.3 Million to Chinese businessman George Xu, as a representative for U.S. Magis International Education Center, a New York-based Chinese owned company. Magis intends to open it as a college at a future date. A health-care concern had reportedly agreed to pay a far higher price for the property, but the bank proceeded to auction the property, closing out the prospective buyer. An aggregate of over $5 million in salaries to faculty and staff remain unpaid.
# Accreditation.
Virginia Intermont College was accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) to award the Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Fine Arts, Bachelor of Science and | 12,746 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
Bachelor of Social Work. Virginia Intermont's accreditation was reaffirmed in early December 2011, but the College was issued a one-year warning for not meeting the agency's financial standards. In December 2012, the college's accreditation was not renewed and the college was placed on probation for six months. At the end of that review period, the SACS board of trustees recommended the college be removed from SACS membership for failure to "comply with requirements for financial resources and stability.". The college appealed and won a temporary court injunction to retain its accreditation albeit in a probationary status.
# Campus.
The original campus buildings built between 1891 and 1893 | 12,747 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
consisted of the main hall (which featured a dining hall, room for 200 boarders, a gymnasium, and indoor pool) as well as a fine arts building and two out buildings which housed classrooms. The original structure, which only consists of the main hall today, was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 4, 1984. The first major addition to the school was in the early 1920s when Hodges Hall and the current president's home were constructed. These were followed by the construction of what is currently known as East Hall in 1922. The gymnasium was built in 1930 which was followed shortly by the Library and the Humanities building. No further major construction would take place | 12,748 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
until the early 1960s when Intermont Hall, Science Hall, the student center, Harrison-Jones Auditorium, and the Worrell Fine Arts Center were constructed.
In summer 2011, VI's largest classroom building, Science Hall, was totally renovated adding state-of-the-art labs and equipment, and updating/renovations were made in West and Main bathrooms along with air-conditioning in the recital hall and theater. All of the sidewalks on campus were re-constructed in 2011-12. The college was formulating a Master Plan for further campus renovations and campus upgrades.
# Buildings.
The campus of Virginia Intermont is eight blocks from downtown Bristol. Campus buildings are a blend of modern and historic | 12,749 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
structures. Major buildings and facilities are described below.
- The Turner Student Center, completed in 1959, is named for Dr. Floyd V. Turner, president of Virginia Intermont from 1956 to 1979.
- The Worrell Fine Arts Center was completed in 1961. The center contains the Dorothy Cigrand Trayer Theatre. The Recital Hall contains a three-manual Moller organ. Theatre and Recital hall were air-conditioned in summer 2011.
- The Science Hall was completed in the spring of 1963 and was completely updated in fall 1999. It was again renovated in summer 2011.
- The J. Henry Kegley Center is an amphitheatre-style lecture hall.
- The Humanities and Social Sciences Building is a three-story classroom | 12,750 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
and faculty office building.
- Harrison-Jones Memorial Hall, completed in 1967, serves as a chapel-auditorium. It seats 982 people in the air-conditioned space, which also houses the college's Flentrop organ. The structure is named for the Rev. J. R. Harrison, founder of the college, and his son-in-law, S. D. Jones, Intermont president from 1889 to 1898.
- The J. Henry Kegley Auditorium is inside Harrison Jones Memorial Hall.
- The Virginia Ruth Hutton Blevins Art Building was donated to the college in 1997 and renovated in 1998.
- The Arnold House, on the corner of Moore and Intermont Drive, is a former family residence that was donated by Bristol businessmen Jack and Joe Arnold.
- Student | 12,751 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
housing is concentrated in the following buildings: The Main Complex, Hodges Hall, East Hall, Intermont Hall, Prader Hall, and West Hall.
- The Smith-Canter Gymnasium, built in 1928, is named for Mary Lou Smith, an alumna and long-time faculty member of the college, and Virginia Canter, who served as a faculty member and later registrar before her retirement
- The J. F. Hicks Memorial Library houses a traditional print collection and provides access to many electronic resources. The library has over 160,000 items listed in the Appalachian College Association catalog, which is shared with 26 other association members. Approximately 55,000 of these items are print materials contained in the | 12,752 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
library, while online access is provided to over 97,000 electronic books.
- The Old Manse houses classrooms, faculty offices for the English department, and the Writing Center. The Writing Center was funded in 1995 by the Jessie Ball du Pont Foundation.
- The Riding Center is located six miles (10 km) from the main campus, just off Exit 10 of Interstate 81. It has two indoor rings, one outdoor ring, four wash stalls, and plenty of turnout paddocks. The barn has had numerous updates over the past four years, such as new roofing, new siding, new floors in the stalls, new railing in both indoors.
- The Intermont Photography Lab houses separate laboratories for black and white and color processing | 12,753 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
and printing as well as a laboratory for experimental processes and specialized techniques.
- The Math Lab is in the Science Hall.
- Van Dyke–Davis Alumni House is on Moore Street. It is named after Mary Van Dyke ‘44 and Mary Coomer Davis ‘47; they helped organize the donation of all the furniture, which is of the period.
Additional facilities include an outdoor amphitheater.
# Organization.
The school was governed by a president, provost and a Board of Trustees. The school's programs fell under four divisions: Arts and Sciences, Fine Arts, Pre-Professional Studies (Pre-Law, Pre-Med, and Pre-Vet), and Business Administration. Four-year programs of study leading to the Bachelor of Arts degree, | 12,754 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
Bachelor of Fine Arts degree, Bachelor of Science degree, and Bachelor of Social Work degree were offered.
# Honors program.
The college offered an honors program built on the following goals:
- To offer inquisitive and intellectually curious students an atmosphere which broadens their outlook and stretches the limits of their thinking;
- To promote the integration of teaching and learning across the disciplines, complementing the objectives of the college's core curriculum;
- To encourage students to be open to innovative ways of acquiring and developing knowledge;
- To incorporate civic responsibility, leadership, and service within the broader context of learning;
- To create an interdisciplinary | 12,755 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
academic experience which enhances the overall intellectual environment of the campus.
# Athletics.
Virginia Intermont athletic teams, nicknamed athletically as the Cobras, were part of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in the Appalachian Athletic Conference (AAC). Men's sports included baseball, basketball, cycling, golf and soccer, while women's sports included basketball, cycling, soccer, softball and volleyball.
Virginia Intermont fielded equestrian teams in competitions affiliated with the Intercollegiate Horse Show Association, the Intercollegiate Dressage Association, and the International Intercollegiate Equestrian Association. VI equestrian | 12,756 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
teams had a long history of competitive success with more than 15 national championships. The riding program, along with the college's top-rated equine studies program, attracted students from across the U.S. Emory & Henry College acquired the assets of the program in June 2014.
On April 16, 2014, Virginia Intermont announced that it was discontinuing support for athletics.
# Student clubs.
- Alpha Chi National Honors Society
- Beta Zeta Phi
- Cardinal Key
- Christian Student Union
- Equestrian Club
- Gay Straight Alliance
- International Affairs Club
- Poetry Club
- President's Ambassadors
- Psychology Club
- Quiz Bowl Team
- Social Work Action Group
- Southern Virginia Education | 12,757 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
Association
- Student Activities Committee
- Student Government Association
# School traditions.
The College's long-held tradition of May Day eventually transitioned to May Court, a time to recognize seniors selected by their classmates for an honor court which occurred each year during graduation festivities.
Another spring tradition was the Torchlight ceremony, which took place after baccalaureate. Graduates marched around the campus and one by one had a torch lit by the president. The group then formed the college below Harrison-Jones Memorial Hall and sang the college song, "Nil Sine Numine." This song was written by students in 1952 as part of a tradition for students of writing and | 12,758 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
competing with a song demonstrating pride in the institution. The music for the song was taken from a song called "The Gaudeamus" which was sung in the musical "The Student Prince". The school songwriting tradition ended when the school became coeducational in 1972.
# Noted alumni.
- Preston Gannaway (2000), 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography
- Helen Ruth Henderson, member of the Virginia House of Delegates
- Robert Ssejjemba (2004), professional soccer player
# Noted faculty.
- Martha Zelt, printmaker, chaired the Department of Art from 1985 to 1989
# External links.
- Virginia Intermont College official website
- National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination | 12,759 |
620992 | Virginia Intermont College | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia%20Intermont%20College | Virginia Intermont College
pride in the institution. The music for the song was taken from a song called "The Gaudeamus" which was sung in the musical "The Student Prince". The school songwriting tradition ended when the school became coeducational in 1972.
# Noted alumni.
- Preston Gannaway (2000), 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Feature Photography
- Helen Ruth Henderson, member of the Virginia House of Delegates
- Robert Ssejjemba (2004), professional soccer player
# Noted faculty.
- Martha Zelt, printmaker, chaired the Department of Art from 1985 to 1989
# External links.
- Virginia Intermont College official website
- National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form for Virginia Intermont College | 12,760 |
621010 | Fan convention | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fan%20convention | Fan convention
Fan convention
Fan convention (also known as con or fan meeting), a term that predates 1942, is an event in which fans of a particular film, television series, comic book, actor, or an entire genre of entertainment, such as science fiction or anime and manga, gather to participate and hold programs and other events, and to meet experts, famous personalities, and each other. Some also incorporate commercial activity.
Fan conventions are traditionally organized by fans on a not-for-profit basis, though some events catering "to" fans are run by commercial interests for profit. Many conventions have award presentations relating to their genre (such as the Hugo Awards which have been presented at | 12,761 |
621010 | Fan convention | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fan%20convention | Fan convention
The World Science Fiction Convention (WorldCon) since 1953).
At commercial events, performers often give out autographs to the fans, sometimes in exchange for a flat appearance fee, and sometimes may perform songs that have no relevance to the shows or otherwise entertain the fans. Commercial conventions are usually quite expensive and are hosted in hotels. There is often tight security for the celebrities to protect against potentially fanatic fans. Such features are not common at traditional science-fiction conventions, which are more oriented toward science fiction as a mode of literature, rather than toward visual media, and do not include any paid appearances by famous personalities, and | 12,762 |
621010 | Fan convention | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fan%20convention | Fan convention
maintain a less caste-like differentiation between professional and fan.
Anime conventions, gaming conventions, filk-music conventions, and furry conventions may all be considered derivatives of science-fiction conventions, which began in the late 1930s.
Different conventions, use different methods, to count their attendance, thus leading to a confusion of actual convention size.
# History.
Fan conventions for various genres of entertainment extend to the first conventions held in the 1930s. However, while a few conventions were created in various parts of the world within the period between 1935-1960, the number of convention establishments increased slightly in the 1960s and then increased | 12,763 |
621010 | Fan convention | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fan%20convention | Fan convention
dramatically in the 1970s, with many of the largest conventions in the modern era being established during the latter decade. Impeti for further establishment of local fan conventions include:
- The return of superhero characters and franchises during the Silver Age of Comic Books (1956-1970).
- Science fiction adaptations for television serials (e.g., "Star Trek") in the 1960s-1970s.
- The growth of role-playing (in the 1970s and 1980s) as a genre of tabletop, live-action and eventually video/computer gaming, which not only inspired roleplay of favorite characters in full-body costumes but also inspired existing franchises to adapt their themes for said methods of gaming.
- The growth in | 12,764 |
621010 | Fan convention | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fan%20convention | Fan convention
ming.
- The growth in home taping (starting with VHS in the late 1970s) of television broadcasts, including popular serials.
- The growth of computerized communication, including the Internet and Internet-dependent applications in the 1980s and 1990s.
# See also.
- Science fiction fandom
- Fantasy fandom
- List of fan conventions by date of founding
- List of anime conventions
- List of comic book conventions
- List of furry conventions
- List of gaming conventions
- List of multi-genre conventions
- List of professional wrestling conventions
- List of science-fiction conventions
- Piposh, a franchise that was revived due to its fans carrying its legacy through fan conventions. | 12,765 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
Wanhua District
Wanhua District, known in Taiwanese Hokkien as Báng-kah khu and historically as "Monga" or "Monka", is a district in Taipei, Taiwan. It is Taipei's oldest district. The district is home to historic buildings such as the Manka Longshan Temple, an iconic historic temple, and the Red House Theater, the first and largest teahouse and playhouse in Taiwan. Taipei's oldest, but decaying, garment district is also here.
# Overview.
As Wanhua District was Taipei's first district to undergo economic development, there are many old buildings and cultural sites. The large number of temples in this area is attributed to its prosperous past originating from the Qing era. The district can | 12,766 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
be divided into three sections: northern, central, and southern. The northern area, including Ximending, has become home to many shopping centers and is popular among the younger generation. Central Wanhua is known for its historical sites like Lungshan Temple, Qingshui Temple, Qing Shan Gong and Bopiliao Historic Street; traditional shopping; and local snacks. Southern Wanhua is mainly a residential area with a wide city park, also known as the Youth Park.
Wanhua District is divided up into 36 villages (里) and 722 neighborhoods (鄰). In recent years, the population in the district has been in decline. The district also has an older and fatter population than those of other districts. It also | 12,767 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
has a higher concentration of Mainland Chinese. Nevertheless, this district continues to be treasured by many as it is representative of some of Taipei's richest historical cultures. An example would be the annual temple rituals held at Qing Shan Gong, also known as the Qing Shan King Sacrificial Ceremony. This is a massive event that involves touring Wanhua for 3 consecutive nights.
# Etymology.
"Wanhua" is the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation of , a name coined by the Japanese because of its phonetic resemblance to the city's former Taiwanese Hokkien name (). Spellings used in English works circa 1900 include "Banka", "Manka" and "Bang-kah". The old name possibly derives from an Austronesian | 12,768 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
word "bangka" "outrigger canoe". This is also attributed to the location of Wanhua, which is beside the Tamsui River and was once a prosperous trading port.
# History.
## Qing rule.
In the late Qing era, Hobe (modern-day Tamsui District) was the treaty port of northern Taiwan, whereas the trade was conducted at Bangka. Therefore, in 1862, the British Consulate succeeded in extending the limits of the port up the Tamsui River to include Banka, which was more than from the port. Bangka was the largest and most important city of northern Formosa, thoroughly Chinese, and, in the initial experience of missionary George Leslie Mackay, intensely anti-foreign.
## Japanese rule.
In the early 20th | 12,769 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
century, with a population of about 27,000, "Banka" was Taiwan's third most populous city, following the nearby suburb of "Daitōtei". Both cities were part of the "Taihoku" (Taipei) capital area but outside of the city proper, which was occupied mainly by the Japanese official class.
# Tourism and Shopping.
Near the famous Longshan Temple is the Snake Alley Night Market. The market once served snake and turtle delicacies, but changed its focus to seafood upon protest from animal and environmental groups. The area is also the site of Taipei's former red-light district. Prostitution was outlawed in the 1990s although prostitutes can still be readily found. Today, the night markets are famous | 12,770 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
among both tourists and locals alike as they present a wide array of local delicacies at affordable prices.
Ximending, another main attraction of Wanhua, serves as a trendy shopping center and as Taipei's main movie theater district.
Night markets, a staple of Taiwanese culture, are everywhere. Night markets in the district include the Huaxi Street Tourist Night Market, Xichang Street Night Market, Guangzhou Street Night Market, Wuzhou Street Night Market, and Nanjichang Night Market. In addition, the district has many specialized streets that specialize in different items such as herbs, jewelry, hardware, and home furnishings.
The district is also home to three wholesale markets: the Taipei | 12,771 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
First Wholesale Fruit and Vegetable Market, Taipei First Poultry Wholesale Market, and Taipei Fishery Wholesale Market. It can be said to be Taipei's center for fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats.
Other tourist attractions including Heritage and Culture Education Center of Taipei City.
# Education.
## Medical Institutions.
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch
- Taipei City Hospital, Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branches
- Renji Hospital
- Xiyuan Hospital
- Wanhua Hospital
## High schools.
- Huajiang Senior High School
- Dali Senior High School
- Liren Private High School
## Junior high schools.
- Wanhua Junior High School
- Shuangyuan Junior High School
- Longshan | 12,772 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
Junior High School
- Dali Junior High School
- Liren Private Junior High School
## Elementary schools.
- Xinhe Elementary School
- Shuangyuan Elementary School
- Dongyuan Elementary School
- Dali Elementary School
- Xiyuan Elementary School
- Wanda Elementary School
- Huajiang Elementary School
- Ximen Elementary School
- Laosong Elementary School
- Longshan Elementary School
- Fuxing Elementary School
- Guangren Elementary School
## Other schools.
- Taipei Korean Elementary School (타이뻬이한국학교)
- Wanhua Community College
# Transportation.
Wanhua is served by the Banqiao and Xiaonanmen Lines of the Taipei Metro. The Taiwan Railways Administration's Western Line has one station | 12,773 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
in the district, Wanhua Station.
Important roads, highways, and bridges include:
- Provincial Highway 1 (台一線)：Zhongxiao Bridge, Zhongxiao Road West (忠孝橋、忠孝西路)
- Provincial Highway 3 (台三線)：Huajiang Bridge, Heping W. Rd, Zhonghua Road (華江橋、和平西路、中華路)
- Zhongxing Bridge (中興橋)
- Wanban Bridge (萬板橋)
- Huacui Bridge (華翠大橋)
- Guangfu Bridge (光復橋)
- Huazhong Bridge (華中橋)
# Notable natives.
- Hannah Quinlivan, actress and model
- Kingone Wang, actor, singer and host
- Lin Chia-lung, Mayor of Taichung (2014-2018)
# Movies filmed in Wanhua.
- "Dust in the Wind" (1986), a film by Hou Hsiao-hsien.
- "Dust of Angels" (1992)
- "Rebels of the Neon God" (1992), a film by Tsai Ming-liang.
- "Exit | 12,774 |
621009 | Wanhua District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wanhua%20District | Wanhua District
ng W. Rd, Zhonghua Road (華江橋、和平西路、中華路)
- Zhongxing Bridge (中興橋)
- Wanban Bridge (萬板橋)
- Huacui Bridge (華翠大橋)
- Guangfu Bridge (光復橋)
- Huazhong Bridge (華中橋)
# Notable natives.
- Hannah Quinlivan, actress and model
- Kingone Wang, actor, singer and host
- Lin Chia-lung, Mayor of Taichung (2014-2018)
# Movies filmed in Wanhua.
- "Dust in the Wind" (1986), a film by Hou Hsiao-hsien.
- "Dust of Angels" (1992)
- "Rebels of the Neon God" (1992), a film by Tsai Ming-liang.
- "Exit No.6" (2007)
- "Miss Kicki" (2009), starring Pernilla August.
- "Monga" (2010), starring Ethan Juan and Mark Chao.
# See also.
- District (Taiwan)
# External links.
- Wanhua District Office, Taipei City | 12,775 |
621023 | Mosquito hawk | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mosquito%20hawk | Mosquito hawk
Mosquito hawk
Mosquito hawk can mean:
- Chuck-will's-widow
- Crane fly
- Damselfly
- Dragonfly
- A type of fishing fly | 12,776 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
Sidelifter
A sidelifter is a specialised vehicle or semi-trailer used to hoist and transport ISO standard intermodal containers over longer distances.
# Overview.
The sidelifter loads and unloads containers via a pair of hydraulic powered cranes mounted at each end of the vehicle chassis. The cranes are designed to lift containers from the ground, from other vehicles including rolling stock, from railway wagons and directly from stacks on docks or aboard container ships. A standard sidelifter is also able to stack a container at a two containers' height on the ground. If the sidelifter chassis is of 40' length or more, the cranes of the sidelifter can be shifted hydraulically along the sidelifter | 12,777 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
chassis to be able to pick up either one 20', one 40', or two 20' ISO containers at a time.
As the Sidelifter is suitable for travelling on general roads for large distances and able to quickly load and unload without additional equipment, it is often used for delivering and picking up shipping containers from within a commercial district. Although these can self load, they are more often loaded or unloaded at the port with a straddle carrier or reach stacker.
# Alternative names.
This equipment has been referred to with a myriad of alternate names. Some of these are:
- Self Loading Truck or Self Loading Trailer, (SLT)
- Sideloader or Sidlastare
- Containerlift or Containerlifter
- Simalift | 12,778 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
or Hammarlift
- Boxmover or Boxloader
- SelfLifter
- Container picker or Sidepicker
- Swinglift or Swing lifter
# History.
The sidelifter was invented during the 1960s by Kaspar Klaus who was granted a number of patents for the equipment manufactured by Klaus Transport-systeme GmbH of Germany, with a focus on military operations. The Klaus Sidelifters were heavy and not cost effective for commercial use. Steelbro in New Zealand bought the Klaus Transport business and further developed the Sidelifter, resulting in reduced tare weight and allowing freight companies to legally carry higher payload. It was also developed by Hammar Maskin AB in Sweden. It has since become a commonly used vehicle | 12,779 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
in intermodal facilities worldwide. The principal alternative to the costly machinery of the sidelifter is the use of swap body containers, which are too light to be stacked but can be unloaded from a truck by means of foldable legs.
# Design.
Sidelifters generally have the following attributes:
- Lifting cranes (sometimes called Crane Modules). The hydraulically powered cranes lift the container (from the ground, loading dock, another vehicle, railway wagon or from the top of another container placed on the ground or other location) on and off the chassis. These cranes are placed on top of the sidelifter chassis and they are normally able to travel along the chassis being shifted by hydraulic | 12,780 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
cylinders or hydraulic motors in order to load varying container lengths.
- A power source. While typically the cranes are powered by a trailer mounted diesel engine or gasoline engine, the cranes are sometimes powered via a PTO from the truck or tractor.
- Stabilizing legs. These are fitted with hydraulic legs which are necessary to permit the lifting fully laden shipping containers without tilting the vehicle. These may be adjustable to assist operation on unlevel ground and facilitate greater safety margins and load limits when stacking containers. When lifting containers in confined locations or from rail wagons or trailer decks, tilting and extending legs provide additional capability.
- | 12,781 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
Chains, which are attached from the top of the cranes to the corner castings at the base of the container(s) during lifting operations. There is a special linking device that when placed between two 20 ft containers allows the user to lock two 20 ft (2 TEUs) containers together allowing the sidelifter to lift them as if they were a 40 ft container.
- The tractor/cab, which pulls the trailer, and in some cases supplies power through the PTO.This tractor/cab always supplies the compressed air for the wheels' brakes of the sidelifter. Normally, the sidelifter can not be operated without being connected to the Tractor because even if the power pack is under the sidelifter, the tractor provides | 12,782 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
compressed air for the trailer brakes and also additional stability for the lifting operation.
- The chassis, which bears the weight of the container when loaded, as well as supports the cranes.
- The remote control, a device with joysticks & buttons typically attached via a multi-pair electric wire or via a radio signal and that allows the operator to walk around the container and view the unit from various angles during operation.
Sidelifter machines were designed to lift a maximum of . More recent designs lift though smaller machines are also available where a lighter tare weight is important.
In addition to controlling the raising and lowering of the cranes, the operator can sometimes | 12,783 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
tilt the chassis using the stabilising legs which provides a limited ability to operate on non-level ground.
Some sidelifters have a telescopic chassis, sometimes called trombone chassis, allowing the unit to expand and contract in order to accommodate 20 ft, 40 ft or even 45 ft containers. These Trombone units are specially suited for small secondary roads where cornering is quite difficult with 40 ft trailers.
# Safety.
A sidelifter is rated for ISO containers with a specified maximum total weight and to a maximum distance from the sidelifter chassis (also called maximum reach or maximum radius). This information is located on a nameplate provided by the manufacturer, and loads must not | 12,784 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
exceed these specifications. Sidelifter units have been known to overturn like any other crane, especially when lifting weights that are heavier than the maximum allowed weight or when operating at a radius that is bigger than the maximum allowed radius. Sidelifter units must always be operated only by trained personnel. Safety devices such as Electronic Stability System that prevent the sidelifter from rolling over may be sometimes required by local legislation. Safetywear for the operator and any assistants can include top and bottom reflector gear including a green or orange reflector vest and hard hat. In some jurisdictions safety goggles are required to protect against debris that can fall | 12,785 |
621016 | Sidelifter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sidelifter | Sidelifter
nts can include top and bottom reflector gear including a green or orange reflector vest and hard hat. In some jurisdictions safety goggles are required to protect against debris that can fall from containers.
# Alternatives.
A Rubber tyred gantry crane is another device for loading containers on to trucks (as well as around the port) although these are not road-going so must be in place at every destination that containers are to be delivered or collected at. As well a general purpose tilt deck truck (also called a tilt tray, rollback or a slide) equipped with a winch can load/unload a 20-foot container from the rear of the vehicle.
# See also.
- CargoBeamer
- Swap body
- Tank chassis | 12,786 |
621029 | OOIOO | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OOIOO | OOIOO
OOIOO
OOIOO is a Japanese experimental rock band. It began as a fictitious band for a photo shoot for a magazine in 1996. The four-piece ensemble was founded by Boredoms drummer and occasional trumpeter and vocalist Yoshimi P-We. When she was asked to do a photo shoot for a magazine she invited a few of her girlfriends to join her and created for the shoot a fake band called OOIOO which they later decided to make real. The band quickly gained attention by being the opening act for Sonic Youth in 1997 on their Japan tour.
According to AllMusic's Kieran McCarthy "It's next to impossible to describe their sound, because — by design — it rarely follows consistent patterns". Some of their music | 12,787 |
621029 | OOIOO | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OOIOO | OOIOO
has been described as having "a majestic ebb and flow that suggests natural wonders" or a "witchy, tribal side". Either way, at any one time it may incorporate chanting and punchy drums, dancey polyrhythms atonal composition or psychedelia.
# Discography.
## Albums.
- "OOIOO" (1997)
- "Feather Float" (1999)
- "Gold and Green" (2000)
- "Kila Kila Kila" (2003)
- "Taiga" (2006)
- "Armonico Hewa" (2009)
- "Gamel" (2013)
## EPs.
- "OOEYヨOO -EYヨ REMIX" (Eye Remix EP) (2007)
## Compilations.
- "Shock City Shockers 2" (2001)
- compilation of remixes including mixes by Yamantaka Eye, Kan Takagi, Nobukazu Takemura, and Kiyoshi Izumi; also includes "Open Your Eyes, You Can Fly", a cover of | 12,788 |
621029 | OOIOO | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OOIOO | OOIOO
the Chick Corea/Flora Purim jazz fusion song
- "COCOCOOOIOO: The Best of Shock City 1997–2001" (2004)
- highlights from their first three albums, with a remixed track from the "Shock City Shockers 2" compilation
# Personnel.
## Current members.
- YOSHIMIO (Vocal, Guitar)
- KayaN (Guitar, Vocal)
- AyA (Bass, Vocal)
- MISHINA (Drums)
## Former members.
- Ai — drums
- Kyoko — vocals, guitar (died July 19, 2015)
- Maki — bass guitar
- Yoshico — drums (Her real name is Yuka Yoshimura. She is currently a member of CATSUOMATICDEATH, METALCHICKS, and a former member of DMBQ)
## Guest musicians.
- Sean Lennon
- Seiichi Yamamoto
- Yuka Honda
- Yamantaka Eye
- Julia Cafritz
# External | 12,789 |
621029 | OOIOO | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=OOIOO | OOIOO
he Best of Shock City 1997–2001" (2004)
- highlights from their first three albums, with a remixed track from the "Shock City Shockers 2" compilation
# Personnel.
## Current members.
- YOSHIMIO (Vocal, Guitar)
- KayaN (Guitar, Vocal)
- AyA (Bass, Vocal)
- MISHINA (Drums)
## Former members.
- Ai — drums
- Kyoko — vocals, guitar (died July 19, 2015)
- Maki — bass guitar
- Yoshico — drums (Her real name is Yuka Yoshimura. She is currently a member of CATSUOMATICDEATH, METALCHICKS, and a former member of DMBQ)
## Guest musicians.
- Sean Lennon
- Seiichi Yamamoto
- Yuka Honda
- Yamantaka Eye
- Julia Cafritz
# External links.
- Thrill Jockey information page
- OOIOO at Discogs | 12,790 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
The Mauritius Command
The Mauritius Command is the fourth naval historical novel in the Aubrey-Maturin series by Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1977.
Aubrey is married and the father of twin girls, owner of a cottage with a fine observatory he built. He is more than ready to be back at sea. He and Stephen Maturin join a convoy charged with taking two well-located islands in the Indian Ocean from the French. The mission provides scope for each man to advance in his specialty.
A review written at first publication found the novel to be written in "language deep with detail and the poetry of fact", appreciating the period detail. A later review, written at the reissue, finds the author a | 12,791 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
graceful writer but sees a difficulty with the novel's structure, building to climaxes that do not occur. Others writing at that time saw the novel more as part of the long series, with humour, erudition and "impeccable period detail".
# Plot summary.
Jack Aubrey and Sophia Williams are married and the parents of twin girls. They live at Ashgrove Cottage on his half-pay, not enough to support fellow navy men in the household. Sophia's mother has lost her money, including Sophia's portion, and now lives with them. They have Cecelia, Sophia's young niece in their household as well. As much as he loves Sophia, Aubrey is ready to go to sea again. Stephen Maturin comes to call, and soon after Aubrey's | 12,792 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
orders are delivered from the port Admiral. He is given command of the 38-gun frigate HMS "Boadicea". At Plymouth, he picks up orders and Mr R T Farquhar, a political gentleman. He is to sail to the station at Cape Town where the ships of a convoy will meet. Not long away from home, they meet with the French ship "Hébé" which is escorting a captured merchant ship. The "Boadicea" captures both ships. Aubrey sends the prizes to Gibraltar. The timely capture allows the ship to send letters home, gain a French cook and the "Hébé's" English prisoners, all able seamen. The long journey in the Atlantic gives Aubrey time to bring the crew of the "Boadicea" up to his standards of efficiency in gunnery, | 12,793 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
and gives Maturin and Farquhar time to develop strategies.
On arrival, Aubrey meets Admiral Bertie who confirms Aubrey's position as Commodore and authorises him to hoist his broad pendant ('broad pennant' in some editions). He receives formal instructions to disrupt French interests in the region, and ultimately to take the islands of Mauritius and La Réunion. The convoy includes Lord Clonfert of the "Otter", an Englishman with an Irish title; Captain Corbett of "Néréide"; and Captain Pym of the "Sirius". Corbett sailed from the West Indies station with some of Aubrey's followers aboard. Bonden, Killick and others join, after Aubrey trades men into Corbett's ship. Corbett is capable but a | 12,794 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
flogging captain. Bertie advises Aubrey that Clonfert and Corbett are not on good terms with each other.
For the first 2,000 miles of the voyage to the islands, Aubrey switches his pendant to the elderly 64-gun ship of the line HMS "Raisonnable". The "Caroline" is taken; Corbett sails her, christened HMS "Bourbonnaise", with dispatches to Cape Town and England. The rest of the convoy returns to Cape Town. Aubrey shifts back to HMS "Boadicea" and sails upon news of more merchant ships taken by the French. The convoy is caught in a major hurricane, whence it sails back to Cape Town for repairs, receiving the first mail in many months. Sophia's letters are water-damaged, so Aubrey does not understand | 12,795 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
her full message.
La Réunion capitulates almost without loss after a landing by Army troops joined by sepoys under the British East India Company, all under the active and decisive Lieutenant Colonel Harry Keating, with ships of the convoy on both sides of the island. Their path is eased by Maturin's propaganda and political meetings to explain why the locals should be happy to accept the British, with Farquhar as interim Governor. Mauritius proves more challenging. Maturin has an accident boarding HMS "Néréide", which is part of the force sent to Île de la Passe. He is seriously injured, so he observes Clonfert during this recuperation aboard. The action is successful. Maturin is put down | 12,796 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
on Mauritius to continue his work. A small group of ships, under the command of Captain Pym, puts soldiers on Mauritius to staff the fort. The French appear with three ships "Bellone", "Minerve", "Victor" and two Indiamen "Ceylon" and "Windham". They boldly attack the fort and then sail into the port; the British are caught unprepared but decide to attack. The struggle goes on for days with heavy casualties and in the end two British ships run aground. "Sirius" and "Magicienne" are burnt to prevent their capture, and "Iphigenia" and the fort at Île de la Passe are abandoned to be retaken by the French. "Néréide" is taken and Clonfert is severely wounded in the neck and head by a splinter. A | 12,797 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
messenger vessel, with Maturin aboard, reaches La Réunion to inform Aubrey of the losses and the failed attack on Port Southeast.
"Boadicea" sails through the night to check Île de la Passe, to see it under French control, then chases "Manche" and "Vénus" in a vain attempt to separate them. After making contact with Pullings, who has the guns of "Windham" aboard "Emma", Aubrey believes his fortunes have changed. Then Captain Corbett re-joins at St Denis, with HMS "Africaine". Chasing the French during the night, "Africaine" clashes with the "Astrée" and the French "Iphigenie". The encounter goes badly and Corbett is killed during the fight after being wounded, possibly by his own oppressed | 12,798 |
621020 | The Mauritius Command | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Mauritius%20Command | The Mauritius Command
men. The French capture the "Africaine", but leave it dismasted when the "Boadicea" bears down on them; "Astrée" refuses an engagement. Joined by the "Otter" and "Staunch", the flotilla reaches La Réunion where refit of the "Africaine" is the Commodore's top priority.
Maturin and Bonden return from Mauritius with news that HMS "Bombay" is nearby, in a running fight with both the French "Vénus" and "Victor". The "Boadicea" engages the French ships. Aubrey makes use of volunteer crew from the refitting HMS "Africaine" to board and capture "Bombay" and "Vénus". During the encounter the French Commodore Hamelin is killed. Aubrey plans how to finish the battle, once the remaining French ships will | 12,799 |
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