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621105	Chestnut-backed sparrow-lark	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chestnut-backed%20sparrow-lark	Chestnut-backed sparrow-lark Somalia - East African chestnut-backed finch-lark ("E. l. madaraszi") - : Found from southern Somalia and Kenya to northern Malawi and northern Mozambique - "E. l. hoeschi" - : Found from southern Angola and northern Namibia to western Zimbabwe - South African chestnut-backed finch-lark ("E. l. smithi") - : Found from southern Zambia and southern Malawi to eastern South Africa # Description. This is a small lark at 11 cm. The male is striking, with solid black underparts and head apart from brilliant white patches on the nape and behind the eyes. The upperparts and wings are chestnut with some dark streaking. The thick bill is grey. The female chestnut-backed sparrow-lark is a drabber	13,100
621105	Chestnut-backed sparrow-lark	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chestnut-backed%20sparrow-lark	Chestnut-backed sparrow-lark iant white patches on the nape and behind the eyes. The upperparts and wings are chestnut with some dark streaking. The thick bill is grey. The female chestnut-backed sparrow-lark is a drabber bird with heavily streaked buff-white underparts and head, and a white nape collar. The upperparts are chestnut with mottling. Young birds are like the female. # Distribution and habitat. This lark is a bird of open dry habitats. # Behaviour and ecology. It nests on the ground and lays one egg. Its food is insects and seeds. # References. - "Birds of The Gambia" by Barlow, Wacher and Disley, # External links. - Chestnut-backed sparrow-lark - Species text in The Atlas of Southern African Birds.	13,101
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket T & T Supermarket T & T Supermarket is a Canadian supermarket chain which sells primarily numerous forms of Asian foods. The supermarket chain is headquartered in Richmond, British Columbia. In 1993, the first T & T was opened in Burnaby's Metropolis at Metrotown, a shopping centre in the Metrotown area in Metro Vancouver. With rapid expansion, T & T is now Canada's largest Asian supermarket chain. It has eleven stores across British Columbia, five in Alberta (two in Calgary and three in Edmonton), and nine stores in Ontario with eight stores in the Greater Toronto Area, one in Waterloo, and one in Ottawa. More stores are expected to open in the coming years with a target for 10 in Eastern	13,102
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket Canada. The stores range in size from to . In addition to the many departments found in a regular supermarket, most T & T stores also have an in-house bakery, an Asian deli, a sushi and Chinese barbecue department. T & T is part of Loblaw Companies, which purchased it in July 2009 for $225 million in consideration, consisting of $191 million in cash and $34 million in preferred shares. The consideration paid above and beyond the tangible asset base of the company (i.e. the accounting goodwill) which was estimated at $180 million. The chain had been created as a joint venture of Uni-President Enterprises Corporation, one of Taiwan's ten largest conglomerates; Tawa Supermarket Inc., a California-based	13,103
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket chain of Asian supermarkets; and a group of Canadian investors. Founder Cindy Lee is a Taiwanese-Canadian who started the business with one store. The name T&T itself stands for the names of Lee’s two daughters, Tina and Tiffany. T&T also represents the names of the two major investors involved when the company was founded in 1993; Tawa Supermarket Inc and Uni-President Enterprises Corp. (Chinese name is pronounced "Tung Yee"). # Locations. ## British Columbia. - Burnaby - Metropolis at Metrotown - Coquitlam - Coquitlam Centre - West Vancouver - Park Royal Shopping Centre (Osaka Supermarket) - Richmond (3) - Richmond Oval Village, Yaohan Centre (Osaka Supermarket) and Lansdowne Centre	13,104
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket (largest T&T in Canada) - Surrey (2) - Impact Plaza and Central City Shopping Centre - Vancouver (4) - Keefer Place (Chinatown), First Avenue Square, Marine Gateway and Kensington Gardens ## Alberta. - Calgary (2) - Pacific Place Mall and Harvest Hills Crossing - Edmonton (3) - West Edmonton Mall, North Town Centre, and South Edmonton ## Ontario. - Aurora - Bayview Avenue and St. John's Sideroad - Markham (3) - Cachet Centre, Langham Square and New Horizon Centre - Mississauga - Central Parkway and Mavis Road - Ottawa - Hunt Club Road and Riverside Drive - Richmond Hill - Yonge Street and Weldrick Road - Toronto - Port Lands - Vaughan - Promenade - Waterloo - Westmount Place #	13,105
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket Rewards program. Despite being owned by Loblaw Companies, customers at T&T stores do not collect PC Optimum points. T&T instead operates its own rewards program called T&T Rewards. # Ongoing unionization issues. Huff Post Business Canada reported on July 17, 2012 that workers at a T&T Supermarket warehouse in Scarborough, Ontario, would head to a secret ballot vote on Monday, July 23, 2012 for unionization. The United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) filed an application for certification with the Ontario Labour Relations Board on July 16, 2012. According to UFCW national representative Kevin Shimmin, the workers at the T&T Supermarket Scarborough warehouse, are seeking unionization to	13,106
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket attempt improving scheduling issues as well as tying wage more closely to seniority, instead of favouritism. Shimmin gave in the article an example that Warehouse staffs at T&T Supermarket are working a 39-hour work week, spanning six days in a week. He also pointed out that there are cases where staff have been working for T&T Supermarket for three years and are still earning a minimum wage of $10.25 per hour. Paul Ho, marketing manager for the grocery chain in Ontario, said he did not have details about wages, but maintained that work hours "vary from individual to individual, and depends on the production schedule." "The Globe and Mail" reported on July 23, 2012 the result of T&T Supermarket	13,107
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket Scarborough warehouse staff unionization. About 100 employees at the T&T Scarborough warehouse voted in the secret ballot vote on Monday July, 23. However, the Ontario Labour Relations Board sealed the ballot box for review. Dispute arose as the UFCW and T&T Supermarket argued about the eligibility of the voters in the voter list. UFCW national representative Kevin Shimmin said that the dispute caused the secret ballot vote to be reviewed, while Cindy Lee, founder at T&T Supermarket claimed that it was the decision of the Ontario Labour Relations Board to look into whether the union has enough support from employees to in the first place file the application. # Lawsuit of exploitation. On	13,108
621077	T & T Supermarket	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T%20&%20T%20Supermarket	T & T Supermarket permarket claimed that it was the decision of the Ontario Labour Relations Board to look into whether the union has enough support from employees to in the first place file the application. # Lawsuit of exploitation. On March 5, 2007, The Tyee blog reported a case of a foreign temporary worker who had been exploited, and had his passport seized by T & T Supermarket. According to The Tyee's coverage, "In a notice of claim filed with the small claims division of the provincial court of BC, Gui Qiang Zou claims he was pressured into working longer hours for lower wages than promised after the firm kept his passport and other key documents." # See also. - List of supermarket chains in Canada	13,109
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk SmartAsk SmartAsk is a Canadian quiz show which ran for three seasons (2001-02 through 2003-04) on CBC Television. The show was taped in front of a live audience, with the players sitting on a tiered set (one team on top and the other on the bottom). The "SmartAsk" tournament was described by Ralph Benmergui, the show's executive producer, on TSN's "Off The Record" as being ""Reach for the Top" on acid," although in practice this largely involved crude humour, especially as the show went on and ratings sagged. # On-air personalities. The show was hosted in its first season by Justin Landry and rapper Michie Mee. Brothers Nobu and Mio Adilman replaced Landry for the second season, and Sabrina	13,110
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk Jalees replaced Michie for the final season. During the show's first two seasons, "Judge Lucci" (Luciano Casimiri) had a semi-recurring role as the show's on-air judge. The show also brought in numerous celebrity judges" for Season 2 including such celebrities as Colin Mochrie from "Whose Line Is It Anyway", Olympic gold medallist Sami Jo Small, MLB star Chris Woodward, environmentalist David Suzuki, and German folk singer Heino. The judging panel was moved off-camera in Season 3, with the title of "Celebrity Judge" given to a random audience member for each episode. "Superfan" Andy Saunders also made guest appearances during the show's second and final seasons, to give analysis, predictions,	13,111
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk and statistics. Saunders also handed out "Andy Awards" to the show's top players and funnier moments. # How to get on SmartAsk! Schools wishing to compete for the championship first submitted a written, audio or video entry to the CBC on a topic announced on the CBC's "SmartAsk" page. A major grievance against the selection process, however, was the subjectivity of evaluation of entries, with no clear criteria for judging. Nevertheless, 124 schools were chosen from these entries from across the nation (the defending champion received an automatic berth into the next season). 122 of these 125 schools then competed with another school in their province or region on CBC Radio for a berth in the	13,112
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk television round. The 3 teams chosen from the territories received a bye into the television round. Teams then competed in a 64-team single-elimination tournament, culminating in the championships. The championship games were not taped until all of the first 60 games, to determine the four teams in the championships, had been aired. Schools fielded teams of up to 4 players for the competition, 3 players playing on-air, and up to 1 alternate. # Game formats. SmartAsk had 4 different formats: one for the radio games, and one for TV in each season. The Adilman brothers were infamous for getting the rules to their own show wrong, often to inadvertent comic effect. ## Radio show. The first stage	13,113
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk of SmartAsk after team's entries were accepted was qualifying for television through a game played on CBC Radio. These games aired every Friday from late September to mid-November of the school year in which the season took place. The games were generally 15 minutes in length. There were three rounds to the game in each season: the 10 point round, the 20 point round and the Lightning Round. In the 10 and 20 point rounds, players had to wait until the host had finished the reading the question to buzz in. This rule was known as the "no preemptive buzzing" (NPB) rule. In the radio show, teams buzzing in early forfeited their right to answer the question. The questions were given in categories	13,114
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk of 3 or 4 questions, such as science or spelling, with the last 20 point category being a viewer-submitted questions category, which was general knowledge. There was no penalty for an incorrect response in these rounds, and if the first team to buzz answered incorrectly, their opponents could then buzz in and provide an answer. These rounds were shortened each season to increase the importance of the Lightning Round. Before the 20 point round started, the host conducted brief interviews with the team captains. In the Lightning Round, all questions were worth 30 points and could be on any topic. Players could buzz in at any time, making it much like Reach for the Top. However, only one answer	13,115
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk was accepted from all players, and incorrect answers were penalized 30 points. Many radio hosts forgot that "steals" (answering a question, hopefully correctly, after the opposing team has answered incorrectly) were not allowed in the Lightning Round. Each year, the Lightning Round on radio was 90 seconds long. Generally, hosts got through anywhere from 7 to 13 questions in that time. Even though the Lightning Round itself was not made longer, the fact that the earlier rounds were shortened increased the Lightning Round's importance in determining the final result. In Alberta, the Lightning Round was played differently. Each team received 30 seconds in which to answer questions. Teams could	13,116
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk choose to pass on a question by indicating that they wished to pass. Otherwise, the questions were still worth 30 points for a correct answer and -30 points for an incorrect answer. Teams that won their radio game proceeded to compete in the television rounds. The tapings for the TV rounds were done in November and December in the last two seasons. Various strikes in 2002 caused some of the tapings for the first season to be delayed until February 2002. ## Season 1. In the first season, there were four rounds: the 20 point round, the 50 point round, the 100 point round and the Lightning Round. The first three rounds were NPB rounds. In the first three rounds, play was as in the radio NPB	13,117
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk rounds. However, on TV, there was a lockout system: if a team buzzed in before the question was finished that team could not buzz in for approximately 1.5 seconds. The questions increased in difficulty with each round. Each round had 3 categories, and each category had about 4 or 5 questions, but some had 3 or 6. The categories were often given humorous names which had some connection to the content of that category. In the Lightning Round, each question was worth 50 points, with 50 points deducted for an incorrect response. Lightning Round length varied wildly in Season 1, with an average range being 8 to 18 questions. Unlike in later seasons, teams were not given the amount of time for the	13,118
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk Lightning Round. Player interviews were conducted at two different points in the game throughout the season. Players (one from each team) were either interviewed prior to the 100-point round or prior to the Lightning Round. Contestants stayed in their seats for the interviews. Generally, winning teams scored at least 1000 points. In 4 games, both teams scored at least 1000 points. In their first round game, Victoria School scored 2,120 points. The winners of Season 1, Kennebecasis Valley High School, would continue their solid play into Seasons 2 and 3. By the end of the series' run, KVHS had the best overall record with 14 wins and 2 losses. ## Season 2. The second season's format was	13,119
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk probably the most unconventional SmartAsk had during its 3-year run. In the second season, the rounds were the 20 point round, the 50 point round, Dawg Eat Dawg, the Dirty Half Dozen and the Lightning Round. The 20 and 50 point rounds were NPB rounds. In the 20 point round, there were 2 categories of 3-4 questions each, a video question, and then another category of 3-4 questions. The last category was given by host Mio Adilman, who came out from backstage in a rather embarrassing costume. He came out in a Speedo numerous times; this is generally agreed to be his most embarrassing costume. Other embarrassing costumes from the second season were Mio as a cheerleader, Mio as Mia and "Mio of Green	13,120
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk Gables". The 50 point round, however had 2 categories of 3-4 questions each. Several category names were based on a pun. The Dawg Eat Dawg round was particularly unusual. It was similar to Final Jeopardy from the popular game show "Jeopardy!", only that teams bet on members of the opposing team. The teams were given a general category, such as science or sports. Teams then chose a member of the opposing team and placed a bet. The bet had to be a positive integer and a multiple of 10. The chosen players then were given a question. They had 5 seconds to write down their answer on their chalkboard, and then show it. If the player was incorrect, the opposing team received points equal to their	13,121
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk bet. If the player was correct, the opposing team lost points equal to their bet. Some teams, notably semi-finalist Three Hills School bet lots of points in this round, after scoring them in the NPB rounds. Other teams did not, notably champion Merivale High School, who only ever bet 10 points in the Dawg Eat Dawg round. The Dawg Eat Dawg question was often the hardest question in the game. The Dirty Half Dozen was the replacement for Season 1's 100 point round. Each of the 6 players received a question to themselves. If they answered it correctly, their team received 100 points. If they were incorrect, their counterpart on the opposing team (either above or below them) got a chance to steal	13,122
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk the question for 50 points; as such, it was possible for a player to earn 150 points during the round. After the Dawg question, Dirty Half Dozen questions were the next hardest in the game. The Lightning Round format didn't change from Season 1. It was, however, lengthened, although there was one game where only 6 questions were asked. Contestants were told the time for the Lightning Round, however, unless they measured it themselves, they could not tell how much time was left in the round. In the final game, the Lightning Round was 3 minutes long, the longest of the season. Lightning Round times ranged from about 1:00 to 2:00, with anywhere from 10 to 20 questions being asked in a typical	13,123
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk round. Interviews of one player from each team were conducted before the 50 point round. Both contestants being interviewed went onto the floor, in between the player set and host table. As there were two hosts, the players were interviewed one after another. Generally, winning teams scored 600 to 800 points. Because of the elimination of the open 100 point round and the difficulty of the Dirty Half Dozen questions, teams rarely broke 1000 points. Only three teams did so: St. George's School scored 1,250 points in their first round game, Saint John High School scored 1,120 points in their third round game and Saint Malachy's Memorial High School scored 1,060 points in their second round game. ##	13,124
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk Season 3. The third season format saw an end to the Dawg Eat Dawg round and further importance for the Lightning Round. The rounds became the 20 point round, the 50 point round, Smart and Smarterer (meant as a play on "Dumb and Dumberer", which was released in mid-June 2003), the Dirty Half Dozen and the Lightning Round. The 20 and 50 point rounds worked as they did in the second season. The video question was renamed "Nobu Nation" after host Nobu Adilman. Mio's Moment still existed, but Mio's costumes were considered to be not as embarrassing as the by-then infamous Speedo. Some of the worst of the season were Mio in a tutu (he also wore the pink spandex for the rest of the game, which led	13,125
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk to a fair deal of banter before the Dirty Half Dozen) and Mio as an armpit hair model. Smart and Smarterer was a new round, and was moderated by the new host, Sabrina Jalees. The teams were given a category or theme, such as "Capitalize on That!" (political geography) or "Black and White" (general knowledge having to do with the colours black and white). The teams then chose their best player for the topic, and those players went to a special podium, situated where the interviews took place in Season Two. Once there, the two faced off in a 45-second Lightning Round, with each question being worth 50 points, or -50 for an incorrect answer. The Dirty Half Dozen remained unchanged in format from	13,126
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk the second season. The question difficulty was decreased compared to the second season, although it was in this round that differences in question difficulty from earlier rounds to later rounds were most often noticed. The Lightning Round received an overhaul in Season Three. It was extended, with the average range being from 2:00 to 3:00. It was also divided into two consecutive halves. In the first half, questions were worth 50 points, with, as usual, 50 points being deducted for incorrect answers. In the second half, question value doubled to 100 points, with the incorrect answer penalty being a 100-point deduction. Generally, 10-15 questions were asked in each half of the Lightning Round.	13,127
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk Teams were told the amount of time for the round, and they were told during the round when the question values doubled. In the last three games, the time was displayed on the monitor facing the players (which showed the player set so that all players knew the game score at any time). Interviews were, as in Season 2, conducted before the 50 point round. However, since the interview space from Season Two was being used for the Smart and Smarterer podium, the interviews were conducted on the floor of the set, in front of the player set. Generally, winning teams scored at least 1000 points. In 9 games, both teams scored at least 1000 points. In their first round game, Central Secondary School	13,128
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk from London, Ontario scored 2,140 points, breaking the record set by Victoria School in Season 1. Also, the Bishop's College School-Fredericton High School third round game went to a 3-question overtime, the only time in all three seasons that this occurred. "SmartAsk" history was also made in the Templeton Secondary School-Archbishop M.C. O'Neill High School first round game, when O'Neill became the only team in the program's run to finish a televised game with a negative total, ending up with -120 points. # Winners. - 2002 Kennebecasis Valley High School - Quispamsis, New Brunswick - Josh Manzer (captain), Lucas Kilravey, Patrick Dunn - Runner-up: Pickering High School - Pickering, Ontario	13,129
621076	SmartAsk	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SmartAsk	SmartAsk ick Dunn - Runner-up: Pickering High School - Pickering, Ontario - Guoruey Wong, Alex Karney, Clara Blakelock, Robert Gillezeau - 2003 Merivale High School - Nepean, Ontario - Sarah Kriger (captain), Ben Smith, Jayson Johnson, Imran Karim - Runner-up: Kennebecasis Valley High School - Quispamsis, New Brunswick - Patrick Dunn (captain), Lydia Scott, Sean Thompson - 2004 Templeton Secondary School - Vancouver, British Columbia - Daniel Pareja (captain), Scott Semproni, Patrick Vuong - Runner-up: Bishop's College School - Lennoxville, Quebec - Daniel Hickie (captain), Christopher Durrant, Eithne Sheeran # External links. - Andy's Thoughts, The Andy Awards, and Andy's Smart Ask Statistics	13,130
621119	List of minor planets: 1001–2000	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20minor%20planets:%201001–2000	List of minor planets: 1001–2000 List of minor planets: 1001–2000 # External links. - Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)–(5000) (IAU Minor Planet Center)	13,131
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia Parilia In ancient Roman religion, the Parilia is a festival of rural character performed annually on 21 April, aimed at cleansing both sheep and shepherd. It is carried out in acknowledgment to the Roman deity Pales, a deity of uncertain gender who was a patron of shepherds and sheep. Ovid describes the Parilia at length in the "Fasti", an elegiac poem on the Roman religious calendar, and implies that it predates the founding of Rome, traditionally 753 BC, as indicated by its pastoral, pre-agricultural concerns. During the Republic, farming was idealized and central to Roman identity, so the festival took on a more generally rural character. Increasing urbanization caused the rustic Parilia	13,132
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia to be reinterpreted rather than abandoned, as Rome was an intensely traditional society. During the Imperial period, the date was celebrated as the "birthday" of Rome "(dies natalis Romae)". # Ceremony. The pastoral structure of the festival is carried out by the shepherd himself. After the sheep pen had been decorated with green branches and a wreath draped on the gate, the remainder of the ceremony took place in sequence. At the first sign of daylight, the shepherd would purify the sheep: by sweeping the pen and then constructing a bonfire of straw, olive branches, laurel, and sulfur. The noises produced by this burning combination were interpreted as a beneficial omen. The shepherd would	13,133
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia jump through this flame, dragging his sheep along with him. Offerings of millet, cakes, and milk were then presented before Pales, marking the second segment of the ceremony. After these offerings, the shepherd would wet his hands with dew, face the east, and repeat a prayer four times. Such prayers requested Pales’s assistance in freeing the shepherd and the flock from evils brought about by accidental wrongdoings (e.g. trespassing on sacred grounds and removing water from a sacred water source). The final portion of the rural festival made use of the beverage burranica, a combination of milk and "sapa" (boiled wine). After consumption of this beverage, the shepherd would leap through the fire	13,134
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia three times, bringing an end to the ceremony. The urban form of the Parilia, on the other hand, is blended with other Roman religious practices and carried out by a priest. Ovid personally participated in this form and describes his experiences in the "Fasti". While the central actions of the rural ceremony carry over, the urban form adds two ingredients from other religious festivals: the Fordicidia and the October Horse. The Fordicidia sacrifices a pregnant cow to the deity Tellus to promote cattle and field fertility. The unborn calf is then removed from the womb and burnt. The October Horse is the right hand horse of the team that won a particular chariot race on October 15 of the previous	13,135
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia year. Together, the ashes of the unborn calf and the blood from the head of the October Horse are mixed by the Vestals and are added to the burning bean straw of the bonfire. Dumézil questioned whether the "Equus October" provided the horse blood, since the two ancient sources that mention the ingredient omit identifying the victim. # History. By the end of the late Republic, the Parilia became associated with the birthday of Rome. Numerous accounts of the founding of Rome exist, but the particular one related to the Parilia is described by Ovid in his "Fasti". According to this myth, Romulus, upon reaching Rome on the day of the Parilia, took a stick and engraved a line in the ground that	13,136
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia defined the boundaries of the new city "(pomerium)". He then prayed to the gods Jupiter, Mars, and Vesta asking for protection of this area. However, his brother Remus, unaware of the boundaries, crossed the line and was struck down by Romulus's henchman Celer. Over time, and under the influence of several Roman rulers, the structure of the Parilia changed. First, after Julius Caesar heard the news of Roman Victory at Munda in 45 BC (around the date of the Parilia), he added games to the ceremony. At these games, the citizens would wear crowns in Caesar’s honor. Caligula instituted into the celebration a procession of priests, noblemen, boys and girls of noble birth singing of his virtues while	13,137
621101	Parilia	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parilia	Parilia e of the Parilia changed. First, after Julius Caesar heard the news of Roman Victory at Munda in 45 BC (around the date of the Parilia), he added games to the ceremony. At these games, the citizens would wear crowns in Caesar’s honor. Caligula instituted into the celebration a procession of priests, noblemen, boys and girls of noble birth singing of his virtues while escorting the Golden Shield, previously bestowed upon him by the citizens of Rome, to the Capitol. At this time the Parilia became Rome's birthday celebration rather than the rural festival it had once been. In 121 AD Hadrian founded a new temple of Venus and Roma and changed the festival’s name to Romaea. The temple was ruined.	13,138
620967	Australia national rugby union team	https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Australia%20national%20rugby%20union%20team	Australia national rugby union team Australia national rugby union team The Australia national rugby union team, nicknamed the Wallabies, is controlled by Rugby Australia. The team first played at Sydney in 1899, winning their first test match against the touring British Isles team. Australia have competed in all eight Rugby World Cups, winning the final on two occasions and also finishing as runner-up twice. In 1991 Australia beat England in the final at Twickenham and won again in 1999 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff when their opponents in the final were France. The Wallabies also compete annually in The Rugby Championship (formerly the Tri-Nations), along with southern hemisphere counterparts Argentina, New Zealand	13,139