wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
as Emily Wolfmeyer
- Erika Christensen as Andy Wolfmeyer
- Evan Rachel Wood as Lavender "Popeye" Wolfmeyer
- Mike Binder as Adam "Shep" Goodman
- Tom Harper as David Jr.
- Sarah Coomes as Anna Holstein
- Dane Christensen as Gorden Reiner
- Danny Webb as Grey Wolfmeyer
- Magdalena Manville as... | 24,800 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
the film, Detroit's 101 WRIF served as a backdrop.
Denny Davies, Costner's character, is referenced to have retired from the Detroit Tigers several years earlier. Several still pictures of Costner from "For Love of the Game", in which he played a Tigers pitcher named Billy Chapel, are used as poste... | 24,801 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
approval rating at Rotten Tomatoes based on 181 reviews, with an average rating of 6.8/10. The site critical consensus reads "A comedy/ drama for grown-ups, with fine performances by Joan Allen and Kevin Costner."
# Awards and nominations.
## Awards won.
- Chicago Film Critics Association: (1) Be... | 24,802 |
1599873 | Atrophic gastritis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atrophic%20gastritis | Atrophic gastritis
Atrophic gastritis
Atrophic gastritis is a process of chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa of the stomach, leading to a loss of gastric glandular cells and their eventual replacement by intestinal and fibrous tissues. As a result, the stomach's secretion of essential substances such as hydroch... | 24,803 |
1599873 | Atrophic gastritis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atrophic%20gastritis | Atrophic gastritis
more likely to develop gastric carcinoma, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and achlorhydria.
Type A gastritis primarily affects the body/fundus of the stomach, and is more common with pernicious anemia.
Type B gastritis primarily affects the antrum, and is more common with "H. pylori" infection.
# Present... | 24,804 |
1599873 | Atrophic gastritis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atrophic%20gastritis | Atrophic gastritis
Atrophic Gastritis" (EMAG) is due to environmental factors, such as diet and "H. pylori" infection. EMAG is typically confined to the body of the stomach. Patients with EMAG are also at increased risk of gastric carcinoma.
# Pathophysiology.
"Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis" (AMAG) is an ... | 24,805 |
1599873 | Atrophic gastritis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atrophic%20gastritis | Atrophic gastritis
of intrinsic factor also leads to vitamin B malabsorption and pernicious anemia. AMAG is typically confined to the gastric body and fundus.
Achlorhydria induces G cell (gastrin-producing) hyperplasia, which leads to hypergastrinemia. Gastrin exerts a trophic effect on enterochromaffin-like cells (EC... | 24,806 |
1599873 | Atrophic gastritis | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atrophic%20gastritis | Atrophic gastritis
cells into carcinoid tumors in AMAG.
# Diagnosis.
Detection of APCA, anti-intrinsic factor antibody (AIFA) and "Helicobacter pylori" (HP) antibodies in conjunction with serum gastrin are effective for diagnostic purposes.
## Classification.
The notion that atrophic gastritis could be classified d... | 24,807 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
David Smith (historian)
David L. Smith (born 3 December 1963 in London) is a noted historian at Selwyn College, Cambridge. He specializes in Early Modern British history, particularly political, constitutional, legal and religious history within the Stuart period. He is the author or co-author ... | 24,808 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
He went on to take his PGCE with Distinction in 1986, his MA in 1989, and his PhD in 1990.
# Career.
In 1991 he won the Royal Historical Society's Alexander Prize, and Cambridge University's Thirlwall Prize for historical research.
He has been a Fellow of Selwyn College since 1988. He has als... | 24,809 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
of the Directors of Studies in History from 2006 to 2010. He also teaches regular weekend, day-school and summer school courses for Cambridge's Institute of Continuing Education. He has taught on the Institute's annual History Summer Programme every year since 1993, and he has been Programme Dir... | 24,810 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
A-level History series "Cambridge Perspectives in History", in which thirty books were published. More recently, he was co-editor of the Cambridge University Press series aimed at the AQA specifications for A-level History, in which eighteen books were published in 2015-16. He was an Associate E... | 24,811 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
the Cambridge History Forum since 1997.
He served as a Governor of Eastbourne College (1993-2015) and also as a Trustee of Oakham School (2000-12). He was a member of the Cambridgeshire Records Society Committee from 1998 to 2009. He served on the Management Committee of the Cromwell Museum in ... | 24,812 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
with Richard Strier and David Bevington) "The Theatrical City: Culture, Theatre and Politics in London, 1576–1649" (Cambridge University Press, 1995)
- "A History of the Modern British Isles, 1603–1707: The Double Crown" (Blackwell, 1998)
- "The Stuart Parliaments, 1603–1689" (Edward Arnold, 1... | 24,813 |
1599886 | David Smith (historian) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David%20Smith%20(historian) | David Smith (historian)
l Biography" (Oxford University Press, 2004)
- (co-edited with Jason McElligott) "Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars" (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
- (with Patrick Little) "Parliaments and Politics during the Cromwellian Protectorate" (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
... | 24,814 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
USS Benton
USS "Benton" (1861) was an ironclad river gunboat in the United States Navy during the American Civil War. She was named for American senator Thomas Hart Benton. "Benton" was a former center-wheel catamaran snagboat and was converted by James B. Eads, St. Louis, Missouri, in 1861 and commissioned... | 24,815 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
Company and modified to raise sunken steamboats on the Mississippi River. Both hulls of "Submarine No. 7" were divided into 7 watertight compartments and Eads argued that the vessel could suffer up to 20 penetrating shot into 4 of these compartments and still stay afloat. (Other sources state she was built w... | 24,816 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
the project, Welles forwarded Eads's letter to the Secretary of War Simon Cameron. Cameron was impressed by the proposal and forwarded it to General George McClellan to implement the construction of the base. Instead of the cotton-clad boat however, the US Army wanted a fleet of new ships; this became the "C... | 24,817 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
a flagship role. Commander William D. Porter complained that the finished vessel was too slow, and history has recorded that Eads replied that she was still fast enough to fight in. Now as the "Benton" she would serve as a flagship for most of the war.
# Armament.
Like many of the Mississippi theater ironc... | 24,818 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
in fact old smoothbores that had been gouged out to give them rifling. These modified weapons were of particular concern to military commanders because they were structurally weaker and more prone to exploding than purpose-built rifled guns. Additionally, the close confines of riverine combat greatly increas... | 24,819 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
duration of her service.
# Service.
## 1862.
As part of Admiral Andrew Foote's command, she participated in the Battle of Island Number Ten in March–April. On 10 May, she was present for the Battle of Plum Point Bend where a Confederate ram flotilla ambushed the fleet, sinking the "Cincinnati" and the "Mo... | 24,820 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
was a failure and "Benton" and the fleet were forced to retreat north of the city for the rest of the year. In October, the entire fleet was transferred from Army command to Navy command. "Benton" spent the remainder of the year patrolling the Yazoo River.
## 1863.
On April 16, under the direction of Admir... | 24,821 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
of Grand Gulf, MS's gun batteries. One particularly devastating hit pieced the "Benton's" armor, causing 25 casualties. As the battle continued, the speed of the current increased and overwhelmed the "Benton's" engines and she was swept downstream before the bombardment's conclusion. In May, "Benton" returne... | 24,822 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
Russy before that fort's surrender to Union General A.J. Smith. By May, the army was defeated in combat and forced to retreat, and the fleet was stranded on the river after the water levels fell too low to allow the fleet to retreat back to the Mississippi. The fleet was ultimately saved by building dams acr... | 24,823 |
1599869 | USS Benton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Benton | USS Benton
dams were destroyed and the fleet was able to escape on the rush of high water.
## 1865.
By the end of the war, most of the action had been resolved in the western theater. Her last significant action was to steam back up the Red River in June to take possession of the surrendered CSS "Missouri".
# Post-w... | 24,824 |
1599893 | Dick Siegel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dick%20Siegel | Dick Siegel
Dick Siegel
Dick Siegel is an American singer-songwriter. He won the Best New Folk Artist award at the 1991 Kerrville Folk Festival.
In 2003, Siegel released "A Little Pain Never Hurt" under Arden Records.
# External links.
- Official Website | 24,825 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
List of historical swords
This is a list of notable individual swords, known either from historical record or from surviving artifacts.
# Legendary swords.
These swords do not survive as artifacts and their description may be of doubtful historicity.
- Sword of Attila – The sword of Attila... | 24,826 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
11th and 12th century, accounted in The Song of Roland.
- Grus – The sword of Bolesław Krzywousty (Boleslaus the Wrymouthed), medieval prince of Poland.
- Excalibur – King Arthur's sword given to him by the Lady in the Lake, and then later returned to her after Arthur's reign.
- Joyeuse – T... | 24,827 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
to Japan as Excalibur is to Britain.
- Sword of Laban – The sword acquired by the prophet Nephi after he beheaded its owner in Jerusalem circa 600 B.C. According to the Book of Mormon, it was then taken to the Americas.
- Legbiter – A gaddhjalt sword of the viking King Magnus Barelegs killed... | 24,828 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
Latin and Greek also means "Sword of the "Rock"", Peter being ""The Rock"").
- Zulfiqar – A scissor-like double bladed sword belonging to Ali, the son-in-law of the prophet Mohamad and Caliph from 656 to 661. (aka Dhu al-Fiqar)
# Artifacts.
These swords are preserved artifacts, though their... | 24,829 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
(9th-19th centuries).
- Tizona – El Cid's personal sword, purported to exist in Spain as a national treasure. Colada, his other sword, only survives in legend (see above).
- Lobera – The sword of the king Saint Ferdinand III of Castile
- Szczerbiec – The coronation sword of the kings of Pol... | 24,830 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
from the 15th-century.
- The Sword of Saint Galgano – A medieval sword embedded in a stone, located at the Montesiepi Chapel near the Abbey of San Galgano in Siena, Italy.
- The Sword of Saints Cosmas and Damian, located in Essen, Germany
- The Sword of Scanderbeg, located in Kunsthistorisc... | 24,831 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
one of the finest Japanese swords ever made.
- Seven-Branched Sword, which Wa received from Baekje.
- Empress Jitō was handed the Sugari no Ontachi (須賀利御太刀) as part of the regalia.
- Near Eastern swords
- The Bishop's Sword – In folklore, supposedly the Sword of Saint Peter, used by him to... | 24,832 |
1599900 | List of historical swords | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20historical%20swords | List of historical swords
onation ceremonies.
## Modern swords.
- Curved saber of San Martín – The sword of General Don José de San Martín, one of the great libertadores of South America.
- Jewelled Sword of Offering, made for the coronation of George IV (1821) – The sword presented to the Sovereign of the United Ki... | 24,833 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
Ranch-style house
Ranch (also known as American ranch, California ranch, rambler, or rancher) is a domestic architectural style originating in the United States. The ranch-style house is noted for its long, close-to-the-ground profile, and wide open layout. The house style fused modernist ideas and s... | 24,834 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
cathedral ceilings, sunken living rooms, and extensive landscaping and grounds.
First built in the 1920s, the ranch style was extremely popular with the booming post-war middle class of the 1940s to the 1970s. The style is often associated with tract housing built at this time, particularly in the so... | 24,835 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
in some ranch house neighborhoods, as well as renewed interest in the style from a younger generation who did not grow up in ranch-style houses. This renewed interest in the style has been compared to that which other house styles such as the bungalow and Queen Anne experienced in the 20th century, in... | 24,836 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
rectangular, L-shaped, or U-shaped design
- Simple, open floor plans
- Living areas separate from the bedroom(s) area
- Attached garage
- Sliding glass doors opening onto a patio
- Windows with a large glass area, sometimes decorated with non-functional shutters
- Vaulted ceilings with exposed b... | 24,837 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
is not evident from the curb. However, it does not become a raised ranch simply by having two floors. For a house to be classified as a raised ranch, there must be a flight of steps to get to the main living floor—if not, it is just a bi-level house. Among real estate agents, this term is commonly mis... | 24,838 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
style with simple rustic trim, stucco or board and batten siding, exposed brick and shake roofs, and large windows.
# History and development.
The 20th century ranch house style has its roots in North American Spanish colonial architecture of the 17th to 19th century. These buildings used single sto... | 24,839 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
plan. Large front porches were also common. These low slung, thick-walled, rustic working ranches were common in the Southwestern states.
## Era of popularity.
By the 1950s, the California ranch house, by now often called simply the ranch house or "rambler house", accounted for nine out of every ten... | 24,840 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
and Northeast is one such noted variant, adding American Colonial features to the facade of the California ranch house. Ranch houses of the 1940s and 1950s are typically more deliberately themed in nature than those of the 1960s and 1970s, with features such as dovecotes, Swiss board edging on trim, a... | 24,841 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
styles. Builders of ranch houses also began to simplify and cheapen construction of the houses to cut costs, eventually reducing the style down to a very bland and uninteresting house, with little of the charm and drama of the early versions. By the late 1970s, the ranch house was no longer the house ... | 24,842 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
attached garages, eat-in kitchens, and built-in patios, though their exterior styling typically owes more to northern Europe or Italy or 18th and 19th century house styles than the ranch house. Neo-eclectic houses also have a significant level of formality in their design, both externally and internal... | 24,843 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
custom.
## Revival of interest.
Beginning in the late 1990s, a revival of interest in the ranch style house occurred in United States. The renewed interest in the design is mainly focused on existing houses and neighborhoods, not new construction. Younger house buyers find that ranch houses are affo... | 24,844 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
them appealing for some buyers. The more distinctive ranch houses, such as modernist Palmer and Krisel, Joseph Eichler and Cliff May designs, as well as custom houses with a full complement of the style's features, are in particular demand in many markets. Many neighborhoods featuring ranch-style hous... | 24,845 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
building of ranch houses ended in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Those still built today have usually been individual custom houses. One known exception is a tract of ranch-style houses briefly built on Butte Court in Shafter, California in 2007/08. These houses borrowed their style cues from the 195... | 24,846 |
1599894 | Ranch-style house | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ranch-style%20house | Ranch-style house
s. Notably, all houses in this tract were on 1/4-acre lots, and had their front garages turned sideways so that the garage doors were not dominating the front of the house.
# See also.
- Split level homes
- Cliff May
- William Krisel
- Edward H. Fickett
- American Craftsman
- Minimal Traditiona... | 24,847 |
1599913 | Astronomer Royal for Scotland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomer%20Royal%20for%20Scotland | Astronomer Royal for Scotland
Astronomer Royal for Scotland
Astronomer Royal for Scotland was the title of the director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh until 1995. It has since been an honorary title.
The following have served as Astronomers Royal for Scotland:
- 1834–1844 Thomas Henderson
- 1846–1888 Charles P... | 24,848 |
1599913 | Astronomer Royal for Scotland | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomer%20Royal%20for%20Scotland | Astronomer Royal for Scotland
cotland was the title of the director of the Royal Observatory, Edinburgh until 1995. It has since been an honorary title.
The following have served as Astronomers Royal for Scotland:
- 1834–1844 Thomas Henderson
- 1846–1888 Charles Piazzi Smyth
- 1889–1905 Ralph Copeland
- 1905–1910 ... | 24,849 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
Andrew B. Whinston
Andrew B. Whinston (born June 3, 1936) is an American economist and computer scientist. He is the Hugh Roy Cullen Centennial Chair in Business Administration, Professor of Information Systems, Computer Science and Economics, and Director of the Center for Research in Electronic Co... | 24,850 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
was a member of the Cowles Foundation. He became an associate professor of economics at the University of Virginia in 1964. By 1966 he was a full professor at Purdue University, where he became the university's inaugural Weiler Distinguished Professor of management, economics, and computer science.
... | 24,851 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
which appeared in "Management Science" he used nonlinear optimization methods to determine optimal portfolios over time.
In 1996 he was the first to publish a book on electronic commerce entitled "Frontiers of Electronic Commerce"; this 800-page book covered technical, social and economic issues of ... | 24,852 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
of Economic Studies, Journal of Economic Theory, Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Mathematical Economics, in multidisciplinary journals such as Management Science, Decision Sciences, and Organization Science, in operations journals such as Operations Research, European Journal of Operationa... | 24,853 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
Journal of Marketing Research, and Journal of Retailing, in the premier journals devoted to information systems – Management Science, Decision Support Systems, MIS Quarterly, Journal of Management Information Systems, and Information Systems Research - and in computer science journals such as Communi... | 24,854 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
400 refereed publications. According to Google Scholar (as of December 2009), they have been referenced well over 10,000 times in scholarly publications - with his 100 most-cited works having been referenced over 9,800 times. Many of Prof. Whinston’s publications have been translated into other langu... | 24,855 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
Committee of the International Conference on Information Systems, recognizes the work of outstanding contributors to the Information Systems discipline.
In 2009, Prof. Whinston was honored with the Career Award for Outstanding Research Contributions at The University of Texas at Austin for singularl... | 24,856 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
School Center for Research in Electronic Commerce (CREC) has served as an incubator for breakthrough research blending business and computer science, and is recognized today as the leading research institution in Information Systems research.
## Vision.
The Center's vision is to assure that electro... | 24,857 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
a broad range of activities which are characterized by the use of enabling digital technologies in networks, computers and software. Communications infrastructure, computer and other enabling technologies lay the foundation of the market. This foundation allows innovative digital processes (e.g. intr... | 24,858 |
1599902 | Andrew B. Whinston | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew%20B.%20Whinston | Andrew B. Whinston
services) to enhance and replace physical processes and products. Government agencies and policies also play a critical role in determining the outcome of this new market economy. The Center's major research areas cover these broad issues that range from market infrastructure to policies on the stren... | 24,859 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
Sega (genre)
Sega () is one of the major music genres of Mauritius, the others being its fusion genre Seggae and Bhojpuri songs. It has origins in the music of slaves as well as their descendants Mauritian Creole people on the island, and is usually sung in creole. Sega is also a popular music on the isla... | 24,860 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
music's traditional form was largely improvised and intensely emotional and expressed the tribulations of a subjugated, initially enslaved, people.
It is primarily dance music but was also used for dirges and as part of traditional exorcisms.
## Instruments.
Traditional instruments include:
- the "mara... | 24,861 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
to the musicians' ancestral homeland.
## Dance.
Sega is danced without the feet ever leaving the ground. Instead, the rest of the body moves.
# History.
## Origins.
Sega music originated among the slave populations of Mauritius, it then appeared in Réunion and later spread throughout the Seychelles. I... | 24,862 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
may be a link between sega and famadihana, a Merina death ritual. Arago instead identifies it with (t)chéga from Mozambique. He states that it is similar to the fandango and chica (dance) from Brazil whose origins are in African music from Mozambique and Angola. It was termed "African" by sega musician Jac... | 24,863 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
the Sega at Mount Le Morne on 30 October 1964. It is now considered the national music of Mauritius and not restricted by ethnicity.
# Modern varieties.
Sega is now popular across the islands of Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles, Comoros, Mayotte and Rodrigues, along with parts of Madagascar. In its modern ... | 24,864 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
Seggae.
Seggae is a fusion of sega with reggae, a kind of Jamaican popular music that is very popular across sega's range. Seggae musicians include Ras Natty Baby, Sonny Morgan and the man seen as being the founder, Kaya. Kaya, whose real name is Joseph Reginald Topize, was at the height of his career in ... | 24,865 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
is some confusion as to the usage of the words maloya and sega. What was called sega in historical accounts from previous centuries is similar to what is nowadays called maloya. The word "sega", on the other hand, is used to describe the fusion genre of the Afro-Malagasy and the European.
## Rodrigues.
T... | 24,866 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
varieties. These sega tambours are sung mostly by women and are danced only by one couple at a time, accompanied by clapping or the use of improvised percussion instruments like table legs and glasses. The accordion was not being played so much by young people but an initiative involving the European Union... | 24,867 |
1599880 | Sega (genre) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sega%20(genre) | Sega (genre)
d so much by young people but an initiative involving the European Union are giving accordion lessons to young Rodriguans.
## Seychelles.
One form of Seychellois sega is called Moutya and is similar to Réunionnais sega. Seychellois music is influenced by Western ballads, and especially country music. Inc... | 24,868 |
1599916 | Montagu House, Whitehall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montagu%20House,%20Whitehall | Montagu House, Whitehall
Montagu House, Whitehall
Montagu House was the name of a mansion in Whitehall in Westminster, Central London, England.
# History.
In 1731, John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu, abandoned the existing grand Montagu House in the socially declining district of Bloomsbury, which was later to become... | 24,869 |
1599916 | Montagu House, Whitehall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montagu%20House,%20Whitehall | Montagu House, Whitehall
Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, one of the United Kingdom's three or four richest landowners, replaced the Georgian house with one of the grandest private mansions in London. It was designed by the versatile Scottish architect William Burn in the style of a French Renaissance chateau. The buildin... | 24,870 |
1599916 | Montagu House, Whitehall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montagu%20House,%20Whitehall | Montagu House, Whitehall
of miniatures apart from the Royal Collection. Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, was born there in 1901.
In 1917 the house was taken over for use as government offices, and in 1949–50 it was demolished. The site forms roughly the southern half of that of the current main Ministry of Defen... | 24,871 |
1599916 | Montagu House, Whitehall | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montagu%20House,%20Whitehall | Montagu House, Whitehall
apart from the Royal Collection. Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, was born there in 1901.
In 1917 the house was taken over for use as government offices, and in 1949–50 it was demolished. The site forms roughly the southern half of that of the current main Ministry of Defence building in... | 24,872 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
History of human sexuality
The social construction of sexual behavior—its taboos, regulation, and social and political impact—has had a profound effect on the various cultures of the world since prehistoric times.
# The study of the history of human sexuality.
The work of Swiss jurist Joha... | 24,873 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
World" Bachofen writes that in the beginning human sexuality was chaotic and promiscuous.
This "aphroditic" stage was replaced by a matriarchal "demeteric" stage, which resulted from the mother being the only reliable way of establishing descendants. Only upon the switch to male-enforced mon... | 24,874 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
field of human behavioral ecology. Evolutionary biology shows that the human genotype, like that of all other organisms, is the result of those ancestors who reproduced with greater frequency than others. The resultant sexual behavior adaptations are thus not an "attempt" on the part of the i... | 24,875 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
evolved and thrived in the Pleistocene never went away.
## Sources.
Sexual speech—and by extension, writing—has been subject to varying standards of decorum since the beginning of history. For most of historic time writing has not been used by more than a small part of the total population ... | 24,876 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
condemning or debating the topic
- Literary sources, perhaps unpublished during their authors' lifetimes, including diaries and personal correspondence
- Medical textbooks treating various forms as a pathological condition
- Linguistic developments, particularly in slang.
- More recently,... | 24,877 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
societies, there was a difference in sexual practices in India between common people and powerful rulers, with people in power often indulging in hedonistic lifestyles that were not representative of common moral attitudes. Many of the common (and not so common) sexual practices in the world ... | 24,878 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
Sex magic featured in a number of Vedic rituals, most significantly in the Asvamedha Yajna, where the ritual culminated with the chief queen lying with the dead horse in a simulated sexual act; clearly a fertility rite intended to safeguard and increase the kingdom's productivity and martial ... | 24,879 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
where sex was considered a private affair, at least by followers of the aforementioned Indian religions. It seems that polygamy was allowed during ancient times. In practice, this seems to have only been practiced by rulers, with common people maintaining a monogamous marriage. It is common i... | 24,880 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
and education. The sixty four arts of love-passion-pleasure began in India. There are many different versions of the arts which began in Sanskrit and were translated into other languages, such as Persian or Tibetan. Many of the original texts are missing and the only clue to their existence i... | 24,881 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
they generally had an adverse impact on sexual liberalism in India. Within the context of the Indian religions, or dharmas, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism, sex is generally either seen as a moral duty of each partner in a long term marriage relationship to the other, or is se... | 24,882 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
always agreed upon, even in the present-day context of the 2011 Istanbul Convention or the 2013 United Nations Human Rights Council resolution recognizing forced marriage as a form of human rights abuse).
Within certain schools of Indian philosophy, such as Tantra, the emphasis in sex as a s... | 24,883 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
all tantra states that there were certain groups of personalities who were not fit for certain practices. Tantra was personality specific and insisted that those with pashu-bhava (animal disposition), which are people of dishonest, promiscuous, greedy or violent natures who ate meat and indul... | 24,884 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
philosophy.
## China.
In the "I Ching" (The "Book of Changes", a Chinese classic text dealing with divination) sexual intercourse is one of two fundamental models used to explain the world. With neither embarrassment nor circumlocution, Heaven is described as having sexual intercourse with ... | 24,885 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
innate characteristics of women. From early times, the virginity of women was rigidly enforced by family and community and linked to the monetary value of women as a kind of commodity (the "sale" of women involving the delivery of a bride price). Men were protected in their own sexual adventu... | 24,886 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
the financial resources to so greatly indulge themselves.
Chinese literature displays a long history of interest in affection, marital bliss, unabashed sexuality, romance, amorous dalliances, homosexual alliances—in short, all of the aspects of behavior that are affiliated with sexuality in ... | 24,887 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
"Story of the Stone"). Of the above, only the story of Yingying and her de facto husband Zhang fail to describe homosexual as well as heterosexual interactions. The novel entitled "Rou bu tuan" ("Prayer mat of flesh") even describes cross-species organ transplants for the sake of enhanced sex... | 24,888 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
they maintain the fiction of sexual fidelity in marriage, absence of any great frequency of premarital sexual intercourse, and total absence in China of the so-called "decadent capitalist phenomenon" of homosexuality. The result of the ideological demands preventing objective examination of s... | 24,889 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
of STDs to many ordinary members of society.
In recent decades the power of the family over individuals has weakened, making it increasingly possible for young men and women to find their own sexual and/or marriage partners.
## Japan.
In what is often called the world's first novel, the "G... | 24,890 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
interactions involve women, there is one telling episode in which Genji travels a fairly long distance to visit one of the women with whom he occasionally consorts but finds her away from home. It being late, and intercourse already being on the menu of the day, Genji takes pleasure in the av... | 24,891 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
Yukio Mishima, probably the best-known Japanese writer in the outside world, frequently wrote about homosexuality, and its relationship with Japanese culture new and old. Likewise, prostitution, pornography, the tradition of the Geisha, and countless types of fetish and sadomasochism have res... | 24,892 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
than to which behaviors might make a person seem "corrupt" or "guilty", in the Christian sense of the words. The tendency of people in Japanese society to group in terms of "in groups" and "out groups" - residue of its long history as a caste society – is a source of great pressure on every f... | 24,893 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
of misconceptions in regard to Japanese sexuality is the institution of the geisha. Rather than being a prostitute, a geisha was a woman trained in arts such as music and cultured conversation, and who was available for non-sexual interactions with her male clientele. These women differed fro... | 24,894 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
enjoy the company of his wife. The geisha fulfilled the non-sexual social roles that ordinary women were prevented from fulfilling, and for this service they were well paid. The geisha were not deprived of opportunities to express themselves sexually and in other erotic ways. A geisha might h... | 24,895 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
Their husbands, on the other hand, might consort sexually with whomever they chose outside of the family, and a major part of male social behavior involves after-work forays to places of entertainment in the company of male cohorts from the workplace—places that might easily offer possibiliti... | 24,896 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
rates of disease and death that characterize, for example, some nations in Africa, some nations in Southeast Asia, etc. In 1992, the government of Japan justified its continued refusal to allow oral contraceptives to be distributed in Japan on the fear that it would lead to reduced condom use... | 24,897 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
idea of female sexuality was that women envied penises of males. Wives were considered a commodity and instruments for bearing legitimate children. They had to compete sexually with eromenoi, hetaeras and slaves in their own homes.
Both Homosexuality and Bisexuality, in the form of ephebophi... | 24,898 |
1599810 | History of human sexuality | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History%20of%20human%20sexuality | History of human sexuality
to men as sexual mentors.
Ancient Greek men believed that refined prostitution was necessary for pleasure and different classes of prostitutes were available. Hetaera, educated and intelligent companions, were for intellectual as well as physical pleasure, Peripatetic prostitutes solicited b... | 24,899 |
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