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1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
radio and television stations.
SCA's head office is in South Melbourne, where Fox FM and Triple M (Melbourne) are located.
# History.
## Southern Cross Media.
The company owned several regional radio stations, as a result of takeovers of stations formerly owned by DMG Radio Australia and RG Capital Radio Network. The company also owned the stations forming the Southern Cross Television and Southern Cross Ten networks around regional Australia and Tasmania, which hold varying affiliations with the Seven Network and Network Ten.
In December 2009, MMG security holders voted in favour of a conversion from a triple-stapled structure to a single ASX-listed company. MMG was renamed Southern Cross | 24,700 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
Media Group with former RG Capital Radio CEO Rhys Holleran as the Chief Executive Officer.
## Austereo.
The company was founded by Paul Thompson, and when commercial FM broadcasting was introduced into Australia it acquired the licence for metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia; SAFM commenced transmission in late 1980. The next station to join the network was FOX FM in Melbourne, Victoria in 1986, eventually to be followed by 2Day FM in Sydney, New South Wales and 4BK in Brisbane, Queensland for which the company was successful in converting to the FM band in 1990. Austereo also purchased AM radio station 6IX in Perth, Western Australia with the intention of converting the station to FM. | 24,701 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
6IX, which had been re-launched by Austereo as "The Eagle 1080 AM", was consequently sold off after being outbid for either of the two new FM licences by rivals 6KY and 6PM, which Austereo now own.
The mid-1990s saw a monopolistic arrangement take place whereby Village Roadshow purchased the Hoyts owned Triple M network, and Triple M in turn merged with Austereo to form a single umbrella company.
## Merger.
In March 2011, Southern Cross Media launched a A$714 million takeover bid of national radio broadcaster, the Austereo Group. On 6 April 2011 shareholders of the Austereo Group accepted the takeover bid, giving SCM a more than 90% share in the company. Southern Cross Media and Austereo | 24,702 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
merged in July 2011 to form Southern Cross Austereo.
On 23 August 2012, Guy Dobson (director of metro radio) was announced as Chief Officer of Content for the Southern Cross Austereo network, working across radio and television.
# Brands.
## Television.
- Southern Cross Seven, sole affiliates of the Seven Network. These stations primarily brand themselves as "Channel Seven", following the Seven Network’s generic branding.
- Southern Cross Nine, sole affiliates of Nine Network. These stations brand themselves only as "Channel Nine", following the Nine Network's generic branding.
## Radio.
The format of each station is defined by one of two common formats:
- Hit Network – a hit Singles | 24,703 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
and Top 40 format targeted at 18- to 39-year-olds, using various Hit Network brands in metropolitan areas along with the Sea FM brand in some regional areas.
- Triple M LocalWorks – talkback and rock music format targeted at men over 39, mainly on the AM and heritage FM stations, as well as Triple M, Gold FM, Mix FM and RadioWest in Western Australia.
Agreements were reached between Southern Cross Austereo, DMG and Prime Television to ensure that existing brand names owned by DMG Radio in regional markets could continue to be used by both Southern Cross Austereo and Prime.
# Programming.
## Radio.
Southern Cross Austereo produces its own networked programming across both brands, which include:
Some | 24,704 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
of its stations picked up the "Continuous Call Team" when Broadcast Operations Group could not resolve broadcast rights issues with 2GB and the National Rugby League. The most notable was KOFM in Newcastle, who also picked up rights to cover games of the Newcastle Knights.
## Television news.
SCA produces regional television news services for its stations affiliated with the Seven Network. Full evening news programs air in Tasmania and the Spencer Gulf and Broken Hill region with short updates airing in remote Central and Eastern Australia and Darwin.
SCA's Nine-affiliated stations in southern New South Wales & ACT, regional Victoria and regional Queensland air statewide "Nine News" programs | 24,705 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
produced by the Nine Network each weeknight with opt-outs for local news in each licence area.
### Former presenters.
- Kathryn Robinson (former presenter, "Meet The Press")
- Amber Sherlock (presenter, Nine News)
- Sarah Cumming (presenter, Seven News)
- Lachlan Kennedy (presenter, Ten News)
# Criticisms.
## 2Day FM hoax call recipient's suspected suicide.
As part of a hoax call to the King Edward VII's Hospital Sister Agnes treating the wife of Prince William for acute morning sickness in the critical first trimester of pregnancy, 2Day DJs – Mike Christian and Mel Greig – purported to be the Queen and the Prince of Wales. An experienced 46-year-old nurse, Jacintha Saldanha, took the | 24,706 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
call. During the call, she and colleagues were conned into revealing sensitive details regarding the patient's condition.
The nurse was found dead the following morning in a suspected suicide at the hospital where she worked.
There is some disagreement over the legality of the incident, with the hospital expressing concern that the incident may have broken the law and Rhys Holleran, the chief executive of 2Day FM's parent company Southern Cross Austereo, stating he was confident that was not the case.
At a Federal Court hearing it became known that Australian media watchdog Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) had prepared a confidential, preliminary report saying that the | 24,707 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
Radio Royal hoax 'broke law'. 2Day FM acted illegally by airing the phone call without consent.
## 2Day FM handling of child rape victim.
In 2009, 2Day FM were ordered to provide increased protection for children after a 14-year-old girl was attached to a lie detector on the Kyle and Jackie O Show and pressured into discussing her sex life live on air. The radio show host, Kyle Sandilands, encouraged both the girl and her mother to discuss whether she was sexually active, to which the girl responded: "I've already told you the story of this and don't look at me and smile because it's not funny. Oh, okay. I got raped when I was 12 years old." To which Kyle replied: "Right. And is that, is that | 24,708 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
the only experience you've had?"
## Syndicated news and programming.
One major criticism of the regional stations owned by Southern Cross Austereo is its reliance on networking news and also programs outside of breakfast from one of four networking centres:
- Gold Coast (national and regional centre)
- Townsville (regional centre)
- Albury (regional centre)
- Bunbury (regional centre)
# Assets.
## Television assets.
### New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory.
- BDN – Nine Network affiliate, Broken Hill¹
- BKN – Southern Cross Television, Broken Hill¹
- CTC – Southern Cross Nine Southern New South Wales/ACT
- SCN – Southern Cross Ten Broken Hill¹
### Northern Territory | 24,709 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
and Remote Areas of Eastern Australia.
- Central Digital Television (CDT) – Ten Central (jointly owned with Imparja Television Pty Ltd)²
- DTD – Ten Darwin (jointly owner with the Nine Network)²
- QQQ – Southern Cross Television Central Australia
- TND – Southern Cross Television Darwin
### Queensland.
- IDQ – Ten Central Mount Isa (jointly owned with Imparja Television Pty Ltd)²
- ITQ – Southern Cross Television Mount Isa
- TNQ – Southern Cross Ten Queensland
### South Australia.
- GDS – Nine Network affiliate, Spencer Gulf¹
- GTS – Southern Cross Television, Spencer Gulf¹
- SGS – Southern Cross Ten, Spencer Gulf¹
### Victoria.
- GLV/BCV – Southern Cross Nine Victoria
### Tasmania.
- | 24,710 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
TDT – Tasmanian Digital Television (jointly owned with WIN Television)²
- TNT – Southern Cross Television Tasmania
## Digital Radio.
Southern Cross Austereo broadcasts a number of digital only radio stations, including:
- Buddha Hits, The very best music that sooths your mind and feeds your soul. Buddha Hits lets listeners chill out with pop, electronica and acoustic vibes with a café music feel.
- Oldskool Hits, Oldskool Hits is pure pop nostalgia. Focused around the 90s and 00s, it’s all about flashback favourites.
- Easy Hits, An up-tempo, feel good, sing-along format of mainstream faves. Easy Hits is perfect for at-work and at-home listening.
- Urban Hits, Playing the Hottest Hip-Hop | 24,711 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
and RnB.
- Triple M Greatest Hits, Real variety, Triple M Greatest Hits Digital gives listeners the best of mainstream rock from the 70s and 80s.
- Triple M Classic Rock Digital, From the late 60s and 70s, Triple M Classic Rock Digital delivers the absolute best album tunes from rock’s golden age.
- Triple M Aussie, Australian music, Triple M Aussie Digital celebrating the best in local anthems, tracks from Australia’s biggest albums, and the best Aussie music from the past few decades.
- Triple M Country Country music, Triple M Country is today's best country music from the 90's to now.
"Former:"
- Triple M Modern Digital, Modern rock and pop with an alt twist, Triple M Modern Digital | 24,712 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
delivers the best alternative music from the 2000s to now, as well as 90s flashbacks.
- The Range, Country music
- MyOMG Radio, Eclectic Adult music
- Stardust Radio, Oldies/Jazz, replaced by Easy
- More Digital, 1980s & 1990s hits, rebranded as OldSkool
- Loveland, Love Songs, replaced by More Digital
- The Main Stage, Touring Artists Music
- Radar, Electronic Music
- Barry, Comedy
- U20, Under 20s Audience Generated Content Station
- Caravan Radio, Hamish & Andy's Caravan Of Courage
- I See Red, Salvation Army Red Shield Appeal
- Radio Gaga, All Lady Gaga, promoting her Australian Tour
- Choose The Hits, Real Time Requests
- High Voltage Radio, All AC/DC, promoting their Australian | 24,713 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
Tour
# Former owned and operated stations.
Due to conditions placed upon the takeover of DMG Radio's regional stations in 2005, Maqcuarie Southern Cross Media had to sell these stations to other parties:
- To Prime Media Group (with most stations being rebranded as "Zinc"):
- 4CA, Cairns
- Sea FM and Mix-FM, Townsville
- 4MK, Mackay
- 4RO, Rockhampton
- 4CC, Rockhampton/Gladstone
- To Ace Radio:
- 2AY, Albury-Wodonga
Further, due to conditions triggered by the purchase of the assets of Southern Cross Broadcasting, Macquarie Media Group was required to sell further stations to meet further diversity requirements at the time; the transactions to satisfy this being completed on 2008-03-14:
- | 24,714 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
To Grant Broadcasters:
- Launceston, Tasmania: 7LA (1098 kHz AM)
- Burnie, Tasmania: 7BU "Heart 558" (558 kHz AM), 7SEA "Sea FM" (101.7 MHz FM)
- Scottsdale, Tasmania: 7SD "Heart 540" (540 kHz AM), 7RGS "Sea FM" (99.7 MHz FM)
- Devonport, Tasmania: 7AD "Heart 900" (900 kHz AM), 7DDD "Sea FM" (107.7 MHz FM)
- Queenstown, Tasmania: 7XS "West Coast 7XS" (837 kHz AM), 7AUS "Aus FM" (92.1 MHz FM)
- To Resonate Broadcasting:
- Warragul, Victoria: 3GG (531 kHz AM)
- Charters Towers, Queensland: 4GC (828 kHz AM), 4CHT "Hot FM" (95.9 MHz FM)
- To Smart Radio/Pinecam Pty Ltd (owners of the 4VL licence in Charleville, Queensland):
- Emerald, Queensland: 4HI (1143 kHz AM)
- Kingaroy, Queensland: | 24,715 |
1599806 | Southern Cross Austereo | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southern%20Cross%20Austereo | Southern Cross Austereo
land: 4SB "Heart 1071" (1071 kHz AM)
- Mount Isa, Queensland: 4LM (666 kHz AM)
- Roma, Queensland: 4ZR (1476 kHz AM)
- To Broadcast Operations Group:
- Young, New South Wales: 2LF (1350 kHz AM), 2LFF "Star FM" (93.9 MHz FM)
- To Coastal Broadcasters Pty Ltd (owners of the 4KZ licence in Innisfail, Queensland):
- Atherton, Queensland: 4AM (558 kHz AM)
Southern Cross Austereo was made to sell 91.9 Sea FM and 92.7 Mix FM on the Sunshine Coast, due to the larger than allowed overlap between the stations' licence area and that of Brisbane. In 2013, the two stations were sold to Eon Broadcasting.
# See also.
- RadioWorks
- American RadioWorks
# External links.
- Southern Cross Austereo | 24,716 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
Calgary Herald
The Calgary Herald is a daily newspaper published in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Publication began in 1883 as The Calgary Herald, Mining and Ranche Advocate and General Advertiser. It is owned by the Postmedia Network.
# History.
"The Calgary Herald, Mining and Ranche Advocate and General Advertiser" started publication on 31 August 1883 in a tent at the junction of the Bow and Elbow by Thomas Braden, a school teacher, and his friend, Andrew Armour, a printer, and financed by "a five-hundred- dollar interest-free loan from a Toronto milliner, Miss Frances Ann Chandler." It started as a weekly paper with 150 copies of only four pages created on a handpress that arrived 11 days | 24,717 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
earlier on the first train to Calgary. A year's subscription cost $3.
When Hugh St. Quentin Cayley became editor 26 November 1884 the Herald moved out of the tent and into a shack. Cayley quickly became partner and editor.
Eventually the publisher's name was changed to Herald Publishing Company Limited and began publishing the Calgary Daily Herald, a daily version of the newspaper, on 2 July 1885.
In 1897 the editor of the "Herald" was impressed by the "humor and witty journalistic prose" of Bob Edwards— one of Canada's leading journalists at the time— with a reputation as critic of government and society and as a "supporter of the emancipation of women and the temperance crusade" reprinted | 24,718 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
some of Edwards' articles in the "Herald".
From February 1890 to August 1893 and December 1894 to September 1895, the weekly paper appeared as the Wednesday issue of the daily paper. Publication of the daily paper was suspended between 21 September 1893 and 13 December 1894. Publication of a daily edition began fall 1983. Publication of the Calgary Daily Herald under the name "Calgary Herald" began in February 1939, as an afternoon edition until April 1985. It is now delivered in the mornings.
# Circulation.
The "Calgary Herald" has seen like most Canadian daily newspapers a decline in circulation. Its total circulation dropped by percent to 106,916 copies daily from 2009 to 2015.
# Ownership.
## | 24,719 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
Southam.
In January 1908, the Southam Company purchased a majority interest in the "Calgary Herald".
## Hollinger Corporation.
In 1996 the paper was sold to the Hollinger Corporation under Conrad Black. In November 2000, the "Herald" became part of Southam Newspapers.
# Canwest News Service.
In July 2000, CanWest Global made Canadian media history with its $3.5 billion purchase of Hollinger's newspaper and internet assets, acquiring "136 daily and weekly newspapers," [which included the "Calgary Herald" and] half of "The National Post", 13 large big-city dailies, 85 trade publications and directories in the Southam Magazine and Information Group."
By 2003, Southam "was fully absorbed into | 24,720 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
CanWest Global Communications." By 2003, Izzy Asper had built "CanWest Global into a profitable media powerhouse with annual revenues in excess of $2 billion and net earnings of $90 million."
Canwest entered bankruptcy protection in late 2009. and announced Tuesday 13 July 2010 that its newspaper subsidiary has successfully emerged from creditor protection with new owners Postmedia.
## Postmedia.
Postmedia purchased the "Calgary Herald" from Canwest in 2010. Postmedia backed by a New York hedge fund holds some of Canada's largest daily newspapers including the "Post", "Vancouver Sun", "Calgary Herald" and "Ottawa Citizen".
By October 2011 Postmedia had cut about 500 full-time jobs across | 24,721 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
the many newspapers it owns to deal with the debt it inherited with the 2010 purchase. CEP union spokesman Peter Murdoch said, "This is hardly of net benefit to Canadians, their communities or the critical flow of information in a democratic society."
By 2011 the Calgary Herald newsroom was remodelled to enable teams to work on Herald’s websites, social media platforms such as Twitter as advertising revenue migrated from printed to digital media. The "Calgary Herald"— like Postmedia's 45 other metropolitan and community— was struggling financially. Postmedia's print circulation and advertising sales which accounted for 90 percent of its revenue declined; their debt load was heavy and they were | 24,722 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
forced to aggressively cut costs. In spite of the digital innovations at the "Calgary Herald"— where staff did not have the protection of a union— there were even deeper job cuts. Postmedia met with union-resistance at its other papers.
# Publishers.
## Frank Swanson.
Frank Swanson, was "Calgary Herald" publisher from 1962 to 1982, when he retired after 44 years in journalism. During World War II, as war correspondent, he covered the Nuremberg war crimes trials. He worked for the Southam Newspapers group for the "Edmonton Journal" and "The Citizen" in Ottawa. Frank Swanson was Calgary Herald's publisher until his retirement in July 1982. Swanson oversaw the move of their headquarters from | 24,723 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
downtown Calgary to a "$70 million plant on a hill overlooking the intersection of Deerfoot and Memorial."
## J. Patrick O'Callaghan.
J. Patrick O'Callaghan (1925–1996), "an outspoken advocate of a free and vocal press" and publisher of "The Windsor Star", "The Ottawa Citizen", "Edmonton Journal," was publisher of the "Calgary Herald" from 1982 to 1989. In 1994 he served as co-chairman of the Canadian Task Force on the Magazine Industry that recommended stronger enforcement of measures designed to protect Canada's magazine industry.
## Kevin Peterson.
Kevin Peterson, joined the "Calgary Herald" in 1969, first as a political reporter for the following six years, then a series of editorial | 24,724 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
positions and finally as publisher from 1989 to 1995. "[U]nder his leadership, the Herald revamped every area of content, re-engineered its circulation function, and completely reorganized the complex process of selling, designing, and placing customers' advertising."
## Ken King.
Ken King, then-publisher of "The Calgary Sun" with an advertising background, became publisher of the "Calgary Herald" in February 1996. By the time he left the newspaper business King had served for thirty years including senior executive positions with several of Canada’s leading newspapers, as president and publisher of the "Calgary Sun" and "Calgary Herald". A few months after King's appointment as publisher, | 24,725 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
Conrad Black acquired the Southam newspaper chain and the "Calgary Herald". In his report entitled "Exposing the Boss: A Study In Canadian Journalism Ethics" journalist Bob Bergen argued that there were dramatic changes during this period. Bergen claimed that the Herald aligned itself "with the Calgary business community and entered into partnerships with the Calgary Flames hockey team, the Calgary Stampeders football team, the city of Calgary’s Expo 2005 bid, and enhanced the newspaper’s existing sponsorship of the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede." Bergen claimed that by October four new conservative columnists "Peter Stockland former editor of "The Calgary Sun" hired by King and, from eastern | 24,726 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
Canada, Giles Gherson on national economics, Andrew Coyne on national affairs, and Barbara Amiel, a journalist who was also Black’s wife. King explained the new conservative columnists complemented the Herald’s other columnists including liberal Catherine Ford and Robert Bragg, who had left-leaning political views."
## Malcolm Kirk.
Malcolm Kirk, was appointed the Herald's publisher in August, 2006.
The "Herald" also publishes "Neighbours", a weekly community newspaper that is distributed with the "Herald" in some parts of Calgary, and "Swerve", a weekly magazine-style pullout. In the spring of 2005, the "Herald" joined several other CanWest Global affiliates in launching "Dose", a free daily | 24,727 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
newspaper targeted at 20-something commuters; it was discontinued as a print publication after a year.
## Guy Huntingford.
In August 2010 Paul Godfrey President and CEO of Postmedia Network announced the appointment of Guy Huntingford as publisher of the "Calgary Herald" as it "continues its transformation into an integrated multimedia brand." In April 2013 Godfrey announced that was "eliminating the publisher position at its chain of 10 newspapers, which includes the "National Post", the "Montreal Gazette", the "Ottawa Citizen"" and the "Calgary Herald" in a cost-cutting measure.
# Labour issues.
On 8 November 1999, unionized staff at the "Herald", including reporters, went on strike. The | 24,728 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
strike lasted until July 2000, during which many longtime "Herald" reporters left the newspaper. While some accepted a severance package, others returned to work on the condition that the union be dissolved. Many seasoned journalists were replaced by inexperienced staff and it took several years for the "Herald" to rebuild its readership after the strike. Former "Herald" staff who left during or as a result of the strike can be found working for other publications, most notably the weekly business-oriented publication "Business Edge".
On 25 February 2011 the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada (CEP) asked the federal government to review (under the Investment Canada Act) | 24,729 |
1599817 | Calgary Herald | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary%20Herald | Calgary Herald
or as a result of the strike can be found working for other publications, most notably the weekly business-oriented publication "Business Edge".
On 25 February 2011 the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada (CEP) asked the federal government to review (under the Investment Canada Act) the 2010 purchase of the newspaper by Postmedia Network.
# Notable journalists.
- Bruce Dowbiggin
# See also.
- History of Canadian newspapers
- List of newspapers in Canada
- List of the largest Canadian newspapers by circulation
# External links.
- Official mobile site
- Canadian Newspaper Association obtain Canadian newspaper circulation numbers from Canadian Newspaper Association | 24,730 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
Regina King
Regina Rene King (born January 15, 1971) is an American actress and television director. She is the recipient of various accolades, including an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, and three Primetime Emmy Awards. "Time" magazine named King one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2019.
King first gained attention in 1985 as Brenda Jenkins in the NBC television series "227". She would go on to star in both television and film, rising to greater prominence with roles like Dana Jones in "Friday" (1995), Marcee Tidwell in "Jerry Maguire" (1996), Riley and Huey Freeman on the hit animated series "The Boondocks", and Detective Lydia Adams on "Southland". For "Southland", | 24,731 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
she earned two Critics' Choice Award nominations for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2012 and 2013. In 2018, her performance as Sharon Rivers in the film "If Beale Street Could Talk" earned her the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress.
From 2015 to 2017, King starred in the ABC anthology series "American Crime", for which she received three Primetime Emmy Award nominations, winning twice, and was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award. Also from 2015 to 2017, she played Erika Murphy in the HBO drama "The Leftovers", for which she received a Critics' Choice Television Award nomination. In 2018, she starred in the Netflix miniseries "Seven Seconds", for | 24,732 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
which she won her third Emmy Award. King had a recurring role as Janine Davis in the CBS sitcom "The Big Bang Theory", and has starred in various films, including "Boyz n the Hood", "Poetic Justice", "", "Ray" and "".
# Early life and education.
Regina Rene King was born on January 15, 1971, in Los Angeles and grew up in View Park-Windsor Hills. She is the eldest daughter of Gloria (Cain), a special education teacher, and Thomas King, an electrician. King's parents divorced in 1979. King's younger sister is former actress Reina King, who appeared on "What's Happening Now!!" King attended Westchester High School; graduating in 1988 and later attended the University of Southern California.
# | 24,733 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
Career.
King began her acting career in 1985 playing the role of Brenda Jenkins on the television series "227", a role she played until the show ended in 1990. She went on to appear in the John Singleton films "Boyz n the Hood", "Poetic Justice" and "Higher Learning". In 1995, she was featured in the hit comedy film "Friday". In 1996, she starred in the Martin Lawrence dark comedy-romance "A Thin Line Between Love and Hate" as Mia. King gained fame starring in the 1996 blockbuster romantic comedy film "Jerry Maguire" as Marcee Tidwell, the wife of Cuba Gooding, Jr.'s character. She played Will Smith's character's wife in "Enemy of the State", and was also featured in "How Stella Got Her Groove | 24,734 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
Back", "Mighty Joe Young", "Down to Earth", "Daddy Day Care", "", "A Cinderella Story", "Ray" and "".
Beginning in the mid-2000s, she had ongoing roles on several TV series, including acclaimed work as the voice of Huey and Riley Freeman for the animated series "The Boondocks" and Detective Lydia Adams on the TNT police drama "Southland". She also appeared in roles on "24", "The Big Bang Theory", and "Shameless". In 2007 she played Lisa Moore in "This Christmas". She was a cast member on ABC's John Ridley-penned ensemble drama "American Crime," and played a devout member of the Nation of Islam and sister to a drug addict accused of murder.
In September 2015 and September 2016, King won the | 24,735 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or a Movie for "American Crime". In 2018, she played the role of the mother of a murdered black teenager in Netflix original series "Seven Seconds", winning her third Primetime Emmy Award. Her performance in the 2018 film "If Beale Street Could Talk", directed by Barry Jenkins, garnered critical acclaim and earned her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
# Personal life.
In 1997, King married Ian Alexander, but they divorced in 2007. They have one son, Ian Alexander Jr., born January 19, 1996. King dated actor Malcolm-Jamal Warner from 2011 until March 2013.
# External links.
- King, Regina. "The Emmys: | 24,736 |
1599816 | Regina King | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Regina%20King | Regina King
r performance in the 2018 film "If Beale Street Could Talk", directed by Barry Jenkins, garnered critical acclaim and earned her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
# Personal life.
In 1997, King married Ian Alexander, but they divorced in 2007. They have one son, Ian Alexander Jr., born January 19, 1996. King dated actor Malcolm-Jamal Warner from 2011 until March 2013.
# External links.
- King, Regina. "The Emmys: As White As Ever", "The Huffington Post", September 3, 2010; retrieved October 9, 2010.
! colspan="3" style="background:#DAA520;" | BET Award
! colspan="3" style="background:#DAA520;" | NAACP Image Award
! colspan="3" style="background:#DAA520;" | Satellite Award | 24,737 |
1599836 | Blasphemer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blasphemer | Blasphemer
Blasphemer
Blasphemer may refer to:
- Blasphemer, a person who commits blasphemy
- "The Blasphemer", a 1921 American silent drama film
- "Blasphemer", the stage name of Rune Eriksen, a Norwegian guitarist formerly of the black metal group Mayhem
# See also.
- Blasphemy (disambiguation) | 24,738 |
1599833 | Seares (crater) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seares%20(crater) | Seares (crater)
Seares (crater)
Seares is a lunar impact crater located in the northern part of the Moon's far side. It lies to the east-northeast of the walled plain Schwarzschild, and to the west of the prominent crater Karpinskiy.
The rim of this old crater is worn and battered by impacts, and now forms an irregular ring of peaks, valleys and ridges about the interior floor. The satellite crater Seares B lies across the northeastern rim. There are small craters across several other parts of the rim. The northwestern rim and outer rampart of Seares overlies half of an old crater that is nearly as large in radius.
The interior floor is nearly level in places, but is marked by a multitude of tiny craterlets | 24,739 |
1599833 | Seares (crater) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Seares%20(crater) | Seares (crater)
ring of peaks, valleys and ridges about the interior floor. The satellite crater Seares B lies across the northeastern rim. There are small craters across several other parts of the rim. The northwestern rim and outer rampart of Seares overlies half of an old crater that is nearly as large in radius.
The interior floor is nearly level in places, but is marked by a multitude of tiny craterlets of various dimensions. A series of ridges, grooves, and small craters forms a band across the central part of the floor from west to east.
# Satellite craters.
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Seares. | 24,740 |
1599844 | Shi Shen (crater) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shi%20Shen%20(crater) | Shi Shen (crater)
Shi Shen (crater)
Shi Shen is a crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the northwest of the large walled plain Schwarzschild, and to the south-southeast of the crater Nansen along the north-northeastern limb. Shi Shen is located in the region of the lunar surface that is sometimes brought into view of the Earth due to libration, but even then it is viewed from the edge and not much detail can be seen.
This is an old, eroded crater with an outer rim that is rounded and somewhat irregular. The northern part of the rim has a wider inner wall, and there is a small crater along the north-northwestern edge. The interior floor is relatively level, but uneven, particularly in the northern half.
# | 24,741 |
1599844 | Shi Shen (crater) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shi%20Shen%20(crater) | Shi Shen (crater)
ter Nansen along the north-northeastern limb. Shi Shen is located in the region of the lunar surface that is sometimes brought into view of the Earth due to libration, but even then it is viewed from the edge and not much detail can be seen.
This is an old, eroded crater with an outer rim that is rounded and somewhat irregular. The northern part of the rim has a wider inner wall, and there is a small crater along the north-northwestern edge. The interior floor is relatively level, but uneven, particularly in the northern half.
# Satellite craters.
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Shi Shen. | 24,742 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
Manual (music)
A manual is a musical keyboard designed to be played with the hands, on an instrument such as a pipe organ, harpsichord, clavichord, electronic organ, melodica, or synthesizer. The term "manual" is used with regard to any hand keyboard on these instruments to distinguish it from the pedalboard, which is a keyboard that the organist plays with their feet. It is proper to use "manual" rather than "keyboard", then, when referring to the hand keyboards on any instrument that has a pedalboard.
Music written to be played only on the manuals (instead of using the pedals) can be designated by manualiter (first attested in 1511, but particularly common in the 17th and 18th centuries).
# | 24,743 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
Overview.
Organs and synthesizers can, and usually do, have more than one manual; most home instruments have two manuals, while most larger organs have two or three. Elaborate pipe organs and theater organs can have four or more manuals. The manuals are set into the organ console (or "keydesk").
The layout of a manual is roughly the same as a piano keyboard, with long, usually ivory or light-colored keys for the natural notes of the Western musical scale, and shorter, usually ebony or dark-colored keys for the five sharps and flats. A typical, full-size organ manual consists of five octaves, or 61 keys. Piano keyboards, by contrast, normally have 88 keys; some electric pianos and digital pianos | 24,744 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
have fewer keys, such as 61 or 73 keys. Some smaller electronic organs may have manuals of four octaves or less (25, 49, 44, or even 37 keys). Changes in registration through use of drawknobs, stop tabs, or other mechanisms to control organ stops allow such instruments to achieve an aggregate range well in excess of pianos and other keyboard instruments even with manuals of shorter pitch range and smaller size.
On smaller electronic organs and synthesizers, the manuals may span fewer octaves, and they may also be offset, with the lower one an octave to the left of the upper one. This arrangement encourages the organist to play the melody line on the upper manual while playing the harmony line, | 24,745 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
chords or bassline on the lower manual.
On pipe organs each manual plays a specific subset of the organ's stops, and electric organs (e.g., Hammond organ) and electronic organs can emulate this style of play. Hammond organs differ from pipe organs in that pipe organs can only pull a stop out (that is, turn on a stop) or push it in (turning off this stop); in contrast, Hammond organs typically have drawbars, so that the player can control how much of each "pipe rank" (e.g., 16', 8', 4', 2', etc.) they wish to use. Synthesizers can program separate manuals to emulate sounds of various orchestral sections or instruments, using imitative digital sounds or sampling of real instruments, or using | 24,746 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
entirely synthesized sounds. On digital synthesizer instruments a performer can produce the sounds of an entire orchestra through the use of all available manuals in conjunction with the pedalboard and the various registration controls.
# Organ manuals vs. piano keyboards.
Despite the superficial resemblance to piano keyboards, organ manuals require a very different style of playing. Organ keys often require less force to depress than piano keys. When depressed, an organ key continues to sound its note at the same volume until the organist releases the key, unlike a piano key, whose note gradually fades away as the string vibrations fade away. On the other hand, while the pianist may allow | 24,747 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
the piano notes to continue to sound for a few moments after lifting their hands from the keys by depressing the sustain pedal, most organs have no corresponding control; the note invariably ceases when the organist releases the key. The exception is some modern electronic instruments and relatively contemporary upgrades to theatre pipe organ consoles, which may have a knee lever which sustains the previous chords or notes. The knee lever enables an organist to hold a chord or note during a fermata or cadence, thus freeing up their hands to turn a page in the sheet music, change stops, conduct a choir or orchestra, or shift hands to another manual.
Another difference is that of dynamic control. | 24,748 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
Unlike the case of piano keys, the force with which the organist depresses the key has no relation to the note’s resonance; instead, the organist controls the volume through use of the expression pedals. While the piano note, then, can only decay, the organ note may increase in volume or undergo other dynamic changes. Some modern electronic instruments allow for volume to vary with the force applied to the key and permit the organist to sustain the note and alter both its attack and decay in a variety of ways. For example, Hammond organs often have an expression pedal, which enables the performer to increase or decrease the volume of a note, chord, or passage. All of these variables mean that | 24,749 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
both the technique of organ playing and the resulting music are quite different from those of the piano. Nevertheless, the trained pianist may play a basic organ repertoire with little difficulty, although more advanced organ music will require specialized training and practice, as the musician has to learn to play on multiple manuals, set stops and other controls while performing, and play the pedal keyboard with the feet.
# Electromechanical organs.
One of the key types of electromechanical organs, the Hammond B-3, has two manuals. Each manual has drawbars which are used to control the registration for each manuals.
# Types of manuals and related controls.
Common names of manuals on pipe | 24,750 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
organs include Great, Choir, Swell, Solo and Echo in English; Grand Orgue, Positif, Récit and Echo in French; Hauptwerk, Rückpositiv, Brustwerk and Oberwerk in German; and Hoofdwerk, Rugwerk, Borstwerk and Bovenwerk in Dutch. Theatre pipe organs use the nomenclature Great, Accompaniment, Solo, Bombarde, and Orchestral.
Various other controls, such as stops, pistons, and registration presets are usually located adjacent to the manuals to allow the organist ready access to them while playing. This further increases the instrument’s versatility, as a piston or other preset function can cause multiple stops to be pulled out or pushed in automatically. This is of particular benefit in pieces where | 24,751 |
1599825 | Manual (music) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manual%20(music) | Manual (music)
Theatre pipe organs use the nomenclature Great, Accompaniment, Solo, Bombarde, and Orchestral.
Various other controls, such as stops, pistons, and registration presets are usually located adjacent to the manuals to allow the organist ready access to them while playing. This further increases the instrument’s versatility, as a piston or other preset function can cause multiple stops to be pulled out or pushed in automatically. This is of particular benefit in pieces where a number of stops have to be pulled out or pushed in between sections. Devices known as couplers are sometimes available to link the manuals, so that the stops (and pipes) normally played on one can be played from another. | 24,752 |
1599826 | Ralph Allan Sampson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph%20Allan%20Sampson | Ralph Allan Sampson
Ralph Allan Sampson
Prof Ralph Allan (or Allen) Sampson FRS FRSE LLD (25 June 1866 – 7 November 1939) was a British astronomer.
# Life.
He was born in Schull, County Cork in Ireland, then part of the UK, the fourth of five children to James Sampson, a Cornish-born metallurgical chemist, and his wife, Sarah Anne Macdermott.
The family moved to Liverpool and Sampson attended the Liverpool Institute and then graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge in 1888. In 1891 he was awarded a scholarship to carry out astronomical research at Cambridge University. (He had been a student of astronomer John Couch Adams, and helped to edit and publish Part I of the second volume of Adams' papers in 1900).
In | 24,753 |
1599826 | Ralph Allan Sampson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph%20Allan%20Sampson | Ralph Allan Sampson
1893 he was made Professor of Mathematics at Durham College of Science in Newcastle-on-Tyne and in 1895 was elected Professor of Mathematics at Durham University. In December 1910 he became Astronomer Royal for Scotland (until 1937) and Professor of Astronomy at the University of Edinburgh. He did pioneering work in measuring the color temperature of stars. He did important research into the theory of the motions of Jupiter's four Galilean satellites, for which he won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1928. He served as president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1915 to 1917.
In June 1903 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 1911 he was elected a Fellow of | 24,754 |
1599826 | Ralph Allan Sampson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph%20Allan%20Sampson | Ralph Allan Sampson
the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Sir Frank Watson Dyson, Sir James Walker, Arthur Robinson, and James Gordon MacGregor. He served as the Society's Vice President 1915 to 1918 and as Secretary 1922-23 and General Secretary 1923 to 1933. He won their Keith Prize for 1919-1920.
At the fifth International Congress of Mathematicians held in 1912 in Cambridge, Sampson presented a paper entitled "Some points in the theory of errors".
He retired in 1937 aged 71 due to failing health, and moved to Bath.
He died in Bath, Somerset on 7 November 1939.
# Family.
In 1893 he married Ida Binney of St Helens.
His daughter, Peggie Sampson (1912-2004) was a professional cellist and educator.
# | 24,755 |
1599826 | Ralph Allan Sampson | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ralph%20Allan%20Sampson | Ralph Allan Sampson
h.
He died in Bath, Somerset on 7 November 1939.
# Family.
In 1893 he married Ida Binney of St Helens.
His daughter, Peggie Sampson (1912-2004) was a professional cellist and educator.
# Publications.
- "The Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites" (1909)
- "The Sun" (1914)
- "On Gravitation and Relativity" (1920)
- "Theory of the Four Great Satellites of Jupiter" (1921)
# Recognition.
The crater Sampson on the Moon is named after him.
# External links.
- Awarding of RAS Gold Medal: MNRAS 88 (1928) 334
- Awarding of RAS Gold Medal: Obs 51 (1928) 65
- Entry in the Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers
## Obituaries.
- MNRAS 100 (1940) 258– 263
- Obs 63 (1940) 105 (one paragraph) | 24,756 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Via Dolorosa
The Via Dolorosa (Latin for "Sorrowful Way", often translated "Way of Suffering"; Hebrew: ויה דולורוזה; ) is a processional route in the Old City of Jerusalem, believed to be the path that Jesus walked on the way to his crucifixion. The winding route from the Antonia Fortress west to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre—a distance of about 600 metres (2,000 feet)—is a celebrated place of Christian pilgrimage. The current route has been established since the 18th century, replacing various earlier versions. It is today marked by nine Stations of the Cross; there have been fourteen stations since the late 15th century, with the remaining five stations being inside the Church of the Holy | 24,757 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Sepulchre.
# History.
The Via Dolorosa is the modern remnant of one of the two main east-west routes ("Decumanus Maximus") through Aelia Capitolina, as built by Hadrian. Standard Roman city design places the main east-west road through the middle of the city, but the presence of the Temple Mount in the middle of this position required Hadrian's planners to add an extra east-west road at its north. In addition to the usual central north-south road ("cardo"), which in Jerusalem headed straight up the western hill, a second major north-south road was added down the line of the Tyropoeon Valley; these two cardines converge near the Damascus Gate, close to the Via Dolorosa. If the Via Dolorosa | 24,758 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
had continued west in a straight line across the two routes, it would have formed a triangular block too narrow to construct standard buildings; the decumanus (now the Via Dolorosa) west of the Cardo was constructed south of its eastern portion, creating the discontinuity in the road still present today.
The first reports of a pilgrimage route corresponding to the Biblical events dates from the Byzantine era; during that time, a Holy Thursday procession started from the top of the Mount of Olives, stopped in Gethsemane, entered the Old City at the Lions' Gate, and followed approximately the current route to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre; however, there were no actual stops during the route | 24,759 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
along the Via Dolorosa itself. By the 8th century, however, the route went via the western hill instead; starting at Gethsemane, it continued to the alleged "House of Caiaphas" on Mount Zion, then to Hagia Sophia (viewed as the site of the Praetorium), and finally to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
During the Middle Ages, the Roman Catholics of Jerusalem split into two factions, one controlling the churches on the western hill, the other the churches on the eastern hill; they each supported the route which took pilgrims past the churches the faction in question controlled, one arguing that the Roman Governor's mansion ("Praetorium") was on Mount Zion (where they had churches), the other that | 24,760 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
it was near the Antonia Fortress (where they had churches).
In the 14th century, Pope Clement VI achieved some consistency in route with the Bull, "Nuper Carissimae," establishing the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land, and charging the friars with "the guidance, instruction, and care of Latin pilgrims as well as with the guardianship, maintenance, defense and rituals of the Catholic shrines of the Holy Land." Beginning around 1350, Franciscan friars conducted official tours of the Via Dolorosa, from the Holy Sepulchre to the House of Pilate—opposite the direction traveled by Christ in Bible. The route was not reversed until c. 1517 when the Franciscans began to follow the events of Christ’s | 24,761 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Passion chronologically-setting out from the House of Pilate and ending with the crucifixion at Golgotha.
From the onset of Franciscan administration, the development of the Via Dolorosa was intimately linked to devotional practices in Europe. The Friars Minor were ardent proponents of devotional meditation as a means to access and understand the Passion. The hours and guides they produced, such as "Meditaciones vite Christi" (MVC), were widely circulated in Europe.
Necessarily, such devotional literature expanded on the terse accounts of the Via Dolorosa in the Bible; the period of time between just after Christ’s condemnation by Pilate and just before his crucifixion receives no more than | 24,762 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
a few verses in the four Gospels. Throughout the fourteenth century, a number of events, marked by stations on the Via Dolorosa, emerged in devotional literature and on the physical site in Jerusalem.
The first stations to appear in pilgrimage accounts were the Encounter with Simon of Cyrene and the Daughters of Jerusalem. These were followed by a host of other, more or less ephemeral, stations, such as the House of Veronica, the House of Simon the Pharisee, the House of the Evil Rich Man Who Would Not Give Alms to the Poor, and the House of Herod. In his book, "The Stations of the Cross", Herbert Thurston notes: "... Whether we look to the sites which, according to the testimony of travelers, | 24,763 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
were held in honor in Jerusalem itself, or whether we look to the imitation pilgrimages which were carved in stone or set down in books for the devotion of the faithful at home, we must recognize that there was a complete want of any sort of uniformity in the enumeration of the Stations."
This negotiation of stations, between the European imagination and the physical site would continue for the next six centuries. Only in the 19th century was there general accord on the position of the first, fourth, fifth, and eighth stations. Ironically, archaeological discoveries in the 20th century now indicate that the early route of the Via Dolorosa on the Western hill was actually a more realistic path.
The | 24,764 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
equation of the present Via Dolorosa with the biblical route is based on the assumption that the Praetorium was adjacent to the Antonia Fortress. However, like Philo, the late-first-century writer Josephus testifies that the Roman governors of Roman Judaea, who governed from Caesarea Maritima on the coast, stayed in Herod's Palace while they were in Jerusalem, carried out their judgements on the pavement immediately outside it, and had those found guilty flogged there; Josephus indicates that Herod's Palace is on the western hill, and it has recently (2001) been rediscovered under a corner of the Jaffa Gate citadel. Furthermore, it is now confirmed by archaeology that prior to Hadrian's 2nd-century | 24,765 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
alterations (see Aelia Capitolina), the area adjacent to the Antonia Fortress was a large open-air pool of water.
In 2009, Israeli archaeologist Shimon Gibson found the remains of a large paved courtyard south of the Jaffa Gate between two fortification walls with an outer gate and an inner one leading to a barracks. The courtyard contained a raised platform of around . A survey of the ruins of the Praetorium, long thought to be the Roman barracks, indicated it was no more than a watchtower. These findings together ""correspond perfectly"" with the route as described in the Gospels and matched details found in other ancient writings.
The route traced by Gibson begins in a parking lot in the | 24,766 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Armenian Quarter, then passes the Ottoman walls of the Old City next to the Tower of David near the Jaffa Gate before turning towards the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. The new research also indicates the crucifixion site is around from the traditionally accepted site.
# Current traditional stations.
The traditional route starts just inside the Lions' Gate
(St. Stephen's Gate) in the Muslim Quarter, at the Umariya Elementary School, near the location of the former Antonia Fortress, and makes its way westward through the Old City to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in the Christian Quarter. The current enumeration is partly based on a circular devotional walk, organised by the Franciscans in | 24,767 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
the 14th century; their devotional route, heading east along the Via Dolorosa (the opposite direction to the usual westward pilgrimage), began and ended at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, also passing through both Gethsemane and Mount Zion during its course.
Whereas the names of many roads in Jerusalem are translated into English, Hebrew, and Arabic for their signs, the name used in Hebrew is "Via Dolorosa", transliterated. The Arabic name is the translation of 'way of pain'.
### stations one and two.
The first and second stations commemorate the events of Jesus' encounter with Pontius Pilate, the former in memorial of the biblical account of the trial and Jesus' subsequent scourging, | 24,768 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
and the latter in memorial of the "Ecce homo" speech, attributed by the Gospel of John to Pilate. On the site are three early 19th-century Roman Catholic churches, taking their names from these events; the Church of the Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross, the Church of the Flagellation, and the Church of Ecce Homo; a large area of Roman paving, beneath these structures, was traditionally regarded as Gabbatha or 'the pavement' described in the Bible as the location of Pilate's judgment of Jesus.
However, scholars are now fairly certain that Pilate carried out his judgements at Herod's Palace at the southwest side of the city, rather than at this point in the city's northeast corner. Archaeological | 24,769 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
studies have confirmed that an arch at these two traditional stations was built by Hadrian as the triple-arched gateway of the eastern of two forums. Prior to Hadrian's construction, the area had been a large open-air pool of water, the Struthion Pool mentioned by Josephus.
When later building works narrowed the Via Dolorosa, the two arches on either side of the central arch became incorporated into a succession of buildings; the Church of Ecce Homo now preserves the northern arch.
The three northern churches were gradually built after the site was partially acquired in 1857 by Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne, a Jesuit who intended to use it as a base for proselytism against Judaism. The most recent | 24,770 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
church of the three—the Church of the Flagellation—was built during the 1920s; above the high altar, under the central dome, is a mosaic on a golden ground showing "The Crown of Thorns Pierced by Stars", and the church also contains modern stained-glass windows depicting "Christ Scourged at the Pillar", "Pilate Washing his Hands", and the "Freeing of Barabbas". The Convent, which includes the Church of Ecce Homo, was the first part of the complex to be built, and contains the most extensive archaeological remains. Prior to Ratisbonne's purchase, the site had lain in ruins for many centuries; the Crusaders had previously constructed a set of buildings here, but they were later abandoned.
### | 24,771 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
stations three, seven, and nine.
Although no such thing is recounted by the canonical Gospels, and no official Christian tenet makes these claims, popular tradition has it that Jesus stumbled three times during his walk along the route; this belief is currently manifested in the identification of the three stations at which these "falls" occurred. The tradition of the three falls appears to be a faded memory of an earlier belief in "The Seven Falls"; these were not necessarily literal "falls", but rather depictions of Jesus coincidentally being prostrate, or nearly so, during performance of some other activity. In the (then) famous late-15th-century depiction of the "Seven Falls", by Adam | 24,772 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Krafft, there is only one of the "Falls" that is actually on the subject of Jesus stumbling under the weight of the cross, the remaining "Falls" being either encounters with people on the journey, the crucifixion itself, or the removal of the dead body from the cross.
The first fall is represented by the current third station, located at the west end of the eastern fraction of the Via Dolorosa, adjacent to the 19th-century "Polish Catholic Chapel"; this chapel was constructed by the Armenian Catholics, who though ethnically Armenian, are actually based in Poland. The 1947–48 renovations, to the 19th-century chapel, were carried out with the aid of a large financial grant from the Polish army. | 24,773 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
The site was previously one of the city's Turkish baths.
The second fall is represented by the current seventh station, located at a major crossroad junction, adjacent to a Franciscan chapel, built in 1875. In Hadrian's era, this was the junction of the main cardo (north-south road), with the decumanus (east-west road) which became the Via Dolorosa; the remains of a tetrapylon, which marked this Roman junction, can be seen in the lower level of the Franciscan chapel. Prior to the 16th century, this location was the 8th and last station.
The third fall is represented by the current ninth station, which is not actually located on the Via Dolorosa, instead being located at the entrance to the | 24,774 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Ethiopian Orthodox Monastery and the Coptic Orthodox "Monastery of Saint Anthony", which together form the roof structure of the subterranean "Chapel of Saint Helena" in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre; the Coptic and Ethiopian Orthodox churches split in 1959, and prior to that time the monastic buildings were considered a single Monastery. However, in the early 16th century, the third fall was located at the entrance courtyard to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and an engraved stone cross signifying this remains "in situ". Prior to the 15th century, the final station was located before this point would have been reached.
## The Encounters.
Four stations commemorate encounters between Jesus | 24,775 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
and other people, in the city streets; one encounter is mentioned in all the Synoptic Gospels, one is mentioned only in the Gospel of Luke, and the remaining two encounters only exist in popular tradition.
#### fourth station.
The New Testament makes no mention of a meeting between Jesus and his mother, during the walk to his crucifixion, but popular tradition introduces one. The fourth station, the location of a 19th-century Armenian Catholic oratory, commemorates the events of this tradition; a lunette, over the entrance to the chapel, references these events by means of a bas-relief carved by the Polish artist Zieliensky. The oratory, named "Our Lady of the Spasm", was built in 1881, but | 24,776 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
its crypt preserves some archaeological remains from former Byzantine buildings on the site, including a mosaic floor.
#### fifth station.
The fifth station refers to the biblical episode in which Simon of Cyrene takes Jesus' cross, and carries it for him. Although this narrative is included in the three Synoptic Gospels, the Gospel of John does not mention Simon of Cyrene but instead emphasizes the portion of the journey during which Jesus carried the cross himself. The current traditional site for the station is located at the east end of the western fraction of the Via Dolorosa, adjacent to the "Chapel of Simon of Cyrene", a Franciscan construction built in 1895. An inscription, in the | 24,777 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
architrave of one of the Chapel doors, references the Synoptic events.
Prior to the 15th century, this location was instead considered to be the "House of the Poor Man", and honoured as the fifth station for that reason; the name refers to the Lukan tale of Lazarus and Dives, this Lazarus being a beggar, and "Dives" being the Latin word for "[one who is] Rich". Adjacent to the alleged "House of the Poor Man" is an arch over the road; the house on the arch was thought to be the corresponding "House of the Rich Man". The houses in question, however, only date to the Middle Ages, and the narrative of Lazarus and Dives is now widely held to be a parable.
#### sixth station.
A medieval Roman | 24,778 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
Catholic legend viewed a specific piece of cloth, known as the "Veil of Veronica", as having been supernaturally imprinted with Jesus' image, by physical contact with Jesus' face. By metathesis of the Latin words "vera icon" (meaning "true image") into "Veronica", it came to be said that the "Veil of Veronica" had gained its image when a "Saint Veronica" encountered Jesus, and wiped the sweat from his face with the cloth; no element of this legend is present in the Bible, although the similar "Image of Edessa" is mentioned in "The Epistles of Jesus Christ and Abgarus King of Edessa", a late piece of New Testament apocrypha. The "Veil of Veronica" relates to a pre-Crucifixion image, and is distinct | 24,779 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
from the post-Crucifixion Holy Face image, often related to the Shroud of Turin.
The current sixth station of the Via Dolorosa commemorates this legendary encounter between Jesus and Veronica. The location was identified as the site of the encounter in the 19th century; in 1883, Greek Roman Catholics purchased the 12th-century ruins at the location, and built the "Church of the Holy Face and Saint Veronica" on them, claiming that Veronica had encountered Jesus outside her own house, and that the house had formerly been positioned at this spot. The church includes some of the remains of the 12th-century buildings which had formerly been on the site, including arches from the Crusader-built "Monastery | 24,780 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
of Saint Cosmas". The present building is administered by the "Little Sisters of Jesus", and is not generally open to the public.
#### eighth station.
The Eighth station commemorates an episode described by the Gospel of Luke, alone among the canonical gospels, in which Jesus encounters "pious women" on his journey, and is able to stop and give a sermon. However, prior to the 15th century the final station in Jesus' walk was believed to occur at a point earlier on the Via Dolorosa, before this location would have been reached. The present eighth station is adjacent to the Greek Orthodox "Monastery of Saint Charalampus"; it is marked by the word "Nika" (a Greek word meaning "Victory") carved | 24,781 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
into the wall, and an embossed cross.
# Modern processions.
Each Friday, a Roman Catholic procession walks the Via Dolorosa route, starting out at the monastic complex by the first station; the procession is organized by the Franciscans of this monastery, who also lead the procession. Acted re-enactments also regularly take place on the route, ranging from amateur productions with, for example, soldiers wearing plastic helmets and vivid red polyester wraps, to more professional drama with historically accurate clothing and props.
The seat of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate in Jerusalem is located on the roof of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. At the entrance of the Patriarchate is a column | 24,782 |
1599800 | Via Dolorosa | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Via%20Dolorosa | Via Dolorosa
e clothing and props.
The seat of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate in Jerusalem is located on the roof of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. At the entrance of the Patriarchate is a column with a cross on it, marking the 9th Station of the Via Dolorosa. In 1980 Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria (3 August 1923 – 17 March 2012) had forbidden Coptic faithful from traveling to Jerusalem on pilgrimage until the Israeli-Palestinian conflict was resolved. However, despite the ban, dozens of Coptic pilgrims travel to Jerusalem every year, especially during the Easter holidays.
# See also.
- Passion of Jesus
# Sources.
- Thurston, Herbert. "The Stations of the Cross". London: Burns and Oates, 1906. | 24,783 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
In Good Company (2004 film)
In Good Company is a 2004 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Weitz, and starring Dennis Quaid, Topher Grace, and Scarlett Johansson.
The film is about a middle-aged advertising executive whose company is bought out by a large international corporation leaving him with a new boss who is nearly half his age. His life is further complicated when his boss takes a romantic interest in his daughter.
# Plot.
Dan Foreman (Dennis Quaid) is a 51-year-old advertising executive and head of sales for "Sports America", a major sports magazine. Happily married with two daughters, Dan faces a life-changing event when his magazine is bought out by Globecom, | 24,784 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
an international corporation that promotes the corporate concept of "synergy". After he is forced to fire several of his longtime colleagues, Dan is demoted and becomes the "wingman" of his new boss, Carter Duryea (Topher Grace), a 26-year-old business school prodigy. While Dan develops clients through handshake deals and relationships, Carter champions the corporate creed of synergy, cross-promoting the magazine with the cell phone division and "Krispity Krunch", a snack food also owned by Globecom.
Dan and Carter are both facing challenges in their personal lives. Dan is supporting two daughters—16-year-old Jana (Zena Grey) and 18-year-old Alex (Scarlett Johansson) who is preparing to enter | 24,785 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
college—and learns that his wife is pregnant with their third child. Meanwhile, Carter is dumped by his adulterous, narcissistic wife of seven months and focuses all of his energy on work. With Dan facing the financial realities of taking out a second mortgage, to cover his daughter's college education costs, and a new child, and with Carter needing Dan's practical, real-life experience in the field of advertising, the two form an uneasy friendship.
Carter, who has been struggling with loneliness following the breakup of his marriage, invites himself to dinner at Dan's house, where he meets Dan's daughter, Alex, and the two quickly form an attraction. Their initial friendship allows Carter | 24,786 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
to forget his loneliness, and Alex, who is now attending New York University, is able to escape her own loneliness and boredom. In the coming days, Carter and Alex spend time together and become romantically involved. Fearful of offending her father, they keep their relationship a secret for the time being.
Their friendship, however, takes a turn for the worse when Dan discovers that Carter and Alex have been seeing each other, approaches them in a restaurant, and punches his boss in the face. The confrontation with her father convinces Alex to break up with Carter who is heartbroken. Soon after, Globecom CEO Teddy K visits the sales office and during a grand speech to all the employees on | 24,787 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
synergy and other similar corporate business strategies, he is questioned by Dan and shrugs him off. Carter's boss, Mark Steckle, tells Carter to fire Dan. Carter refuses, claiming that losing Dan will cost them a major advertising contract. Steckle gives them 24 hours to seal the contract or be fired. Dan has developed a long term relationship with the client, and Carter gives way to Dan's personal approach. The strategy works, and they conclude a deal.
Following another corporate shakeup, "Sports America" is sold off, Carter is let go, and Dan returns to his former position as head of sales. Having developed fatherly feelings toward Carter, Dan offers him a position in his new department | 24,788 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
as his "wingman", but Carter refuses, admitting he needs to take some time off and examine what he really wants to do in his life. On his way out of the building, Carter runs into Alex, and they exchange pleasantries. Dan's wife gives birth to a girl. He calls Carter (who is jogging outdoors for the first time and feels like a new man) with the news.
# Cast.
- Dennis Quaid as Dan Foreman
- Topher Grace as Carter Duryea
- Scarlett Johansson as Alex Foreman
- Marg Helgenberger as Ann Foreman
- Clark Gregg as Mark Steckle
- David Paymer as Morty Wexler
- Selma Blair as Kimberly
- Ty Burrell as Enrique Colon
- Frankie Faison as Corwin
- Philip Baker Hall as Eugene Kalb
- Amy Aquino as | 24,789 |
1599839 | In Good Company (2004 film) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=In%20Good%20Company%20(2004%20film) | In Good Company (2004 film)
Aquino as Alicia
- Lauren Tom as Obstetrician
- Colleen Camp as Receptionist
- Zena Grey as Jana Foreman
- John Cho as Petey
- Malcolm McDowell (uncredited) as Teddy K, Globecom CEO
# Reception.
"In Good Company" received mostly positive reviews and has a rating of 83% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 169 reviews with an average score of 7.05/10. The consensus states "The witty and charming In Good Company offers laughs at the expense of corporate culture." The film also has a score of 66 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 40 reviews.
# TV series.
On October 14, 2014, Universal Television hired Josh Bycel and Jon Fenner from "Happy Endings" to develop a TV show based on the film for CBS. | 24,790 |
1599859 | Spilanthol | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spilanthol | Spilanthol
Spilanthol
Spilanthol is a fatty acid amide isolated from "Acmella oleracea". It is believed to be responsible for the local anesthetic properties of the plant.
Spilanthol permeates the human skin and the inside lining of the cheeks in the mouth (buccal mucosa), resulting in local as well as systemic pharmacological concentrations. | 24,791 |
1599878 | Barranco District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barranco%20District | Barranco District
Barranco District
Barranco is one of 43 districts in Lima, Peru. Its current mayor is Jose Rodriguez Cardenas.
The district is considered to be the city's most romantic and bohemian, being the home and working place of many of Peru's leading artists, musicians, designers and photographers. In the 19th-century, it was a very fashionable beach resort for the Limeño aristocracy, and many people used to spend the summer here and in neighboring Chorrillos. Today, Barranco's beaches are among the most popular within the worldwide surfing community, and a marina completed in 2008 provides state-of-the-art services for its yacht club.
The name "Barranco" (Spanish for "ravine") is descriptive of its | 24,792 |
1599878 | Barranco District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barranco%20District | Barranco District
topography, featuring homes and restaurants in and around a ravine near a cliff overlooking a sand strip which runs from the Miraflores District to Chorrillos (now flanked by a highway, Costa Verde Ave.).
There is a walkway to the sea that runs through Barranco, called the "Bajada de los Baños". Crossing over this walkway is the "Puente de los Suspiros", or Bridge of Sighs, a bridge which crosses the ravine itself and was inaugurated on 14 February 1876. On the far side of the bridge is a park with a statue of Barranco native singer and composer, Chabuca Granda.
Barranco has many houses in the colonial and Republican style (called "casonas"), flower-filled parks and streets, and appealing | 24,793 |
1599878 | Barranco District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barranco%20District | Barranco District
beachfront areas. Lima's contemporary art museum, the MAC, is located in Barranco, as well as the Museo Pedro de Osma, which hosts one of the best collections of colonial art and is itself one of Barranco's best kept examples of late-19th-century architectural style. The district includes numerous restaurants, nightclubs, discos, bars and "peñas", where one can appreciate Peruvian music shows. On Pedro de Osma Ave., some tracks from the former streetcar (originally a railroad between Chorrillos/La Herradura and Downtown Lima) can be seen.
The cliffs of Chorrillos shield Barranco from colder and more humid winds coming from the South. As a result, Barranco has a micro-climate that is warmer | 24,794 |
1599878 | Barranco District | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barranco%20District | Barranco District
al art and is itself one of Barranco's best kept examples of late-19th-century architectural style. The district includes numerous restaurants, nightclubs, discos, bars and "peñas", where one can appreciate Peruvian music shows. On Pedro de Osma Ave., some tracks from the former streetcar (originally a railroad between Chorrillos/La Herradura and Downtown Lima) can be seen.
The cliffs of Chorrillos shield Barranco from colder and more humid winds coming from the South. As a result, Barranco has a micro-climate that is warmer and drier than many of the other districts of Lima, which are generally more humid, especially between May and October.
# See also.
- Administrative divisions of Peru | 24,795 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
The Upside of Anger
The Upside of Anger is a 2005 American romantic comedy and drama film written and directed by Mike Binder and starring Joan Allen, Kevin Costner and Evan Rachel Wood. It is set in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. The film was produced by Jack Binder, Alex Gartner and Sammy Lee.
# Plot.
The opening scene presents Terry Wolfmeyer and her daughters, with a friend, Denny Davies, attending a funeral.
About three years earlier, a flashback reveals, Terry had told her daughters that she thought their father, Grey, had left the family to be with his former secretary in Sweden. After sharing the news with neighbor Denny, a retired baseball player turned radio talk-show host and fellow | 24,796 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
alcoholic, Terry progressively grows close to the man, with whom she eventually begins an intimate relationship.
Keen to help where he can, Denny helps Andy, one of Terry's daughters, to become a production assistant at the radio station where he works. There she meets and starts a relationship with Shep, Denny's producer, a questionable character in his 40s. Meanwhile, daughter Popeye, who is attending a private high school, finds herself attracted to a classmate, whose attention she fails to grab even after clearly declaring her interest to him (the classmate purports to be gay).
Emily's original wishes to attend a performing arts school to study dancing are superseded by her mother's request | 24,797 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
that she pursue university studies, which she starts at University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Hadley, for her part, announces immediately following her graduation that she is engaged to her boyfriend of three years, and pregnant.
When young Popeye asks Denny what his long-term intentions are concerning his relationship with her mother, Denny decides to broach the subject with Terry, only to be confronted by anger and accusations that he is trying to push her into a marriage for which she feels unready. Weary and tired of Terry's ever-shifting moods, Denny storms out of her house; the separation is only temporary, though, as the two reconcile a short while later.
When a real estate deal involving | 24,798 |
1599864 | The Upside of Anger | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Upside%20of%20Anger | The Upside of Anger
both Denny and Terry finally goes through, construction begins in the area surrounding their homes. A worker accidentally uncovers an abandoned, partially covered well, where Grey Wolfmeyer's body is found, revealing that he had never left his family. Rather, he had accidentally fallen in the well and died.
As the story returns to the initial scene, the Wolfmeyers and Denny, now part of the family, leave Grey's funeral to reveal that Terry, while saddened and grieving, is coming to terms with her own and her daughters' life choices and, finally, finding some inner peace.
# Cast.
- Joan Allen as Terry Wolfmeyer
- Kevin Costner as Denny Davies
- Alicia Witt as Hadley Wolfmeyer
- Keri Russell | 24,799 |
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