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1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
the Prussian Province of Saxony since 1815, the first wrought-iron wagon axle to be made in the German lands was manufactured here in 1831. In 1835 the oldest sheet steel enamel works in Europe was founded in Thale. Following the town's connexion to the railway network in 1862 with a line to Berlin the place flourished as did the number of workers. Whilst the iron industry had only 350 workers in 1872, by 1905 there were as many as 4,400. In particular, the production of enamel contributed to Thale's international renown; in its heyday Thale produced no less than 10% of the world's production. In 1910 Karl Liebknecht, Rosa Luxemburg and Clara Zetkin spoke to Thale's workers. From 1916 steel | 27,200 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
helmets were produced in Thale. In the World War II Thale had the monopoly on this product (from 1934).
Tourism blossomed from the 19th century onwards in connexion with the radon rich water of the Hubertus Spring, which had been opened up in 1836. As a result, various literary figures visited the place, including Heinrich Heine ("Die Harzreise") and Theodor Fontane and especially the Bode Gorge. In addition tourists from Berlin enjoyed the summer resort of Thale. This encouraged the connexion of Thale in 1862 to the railway line from Wegeleben. In 1909 a branch line from Blankenburg (Harz) followed. In 1922 the resort was given town rights. From 12 to 14 June 2009 Thale was the venue for the | 27,201 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
Saxony-Anhalt Day held under the motto "Thale sagenhaft" ("Legendary Thale"), and attracted around 200,000 visitors.
## Incorporation of other parishes.
Warnstedt was incorporated in 2003. In 2009 a total of seven municipalities were incorporated on four separate dates. Westerhausen was added in 2010. Allrode became a part of the borough of Thale in 2011.
The changes in area are shown in a special table.
- Area of the borough of Thale
## Population growth.
The growth of population "(from 1995 censuses were taken every 31 December)":
# Politics.
## Town council.
- CDU – 59.2%, 17 seats (unchanged)
- Die Linke – 13.3%, 4 seats (unchanged)
- FDP – 8.2%, 2 seats (+1)
- SPD – 7.4%, 2 | 27,202 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
seats (-1)
- GRÜNE Bürger Fraktion – 4.9%, 3 seats (+3)
- Wählergruppen – 4.1%, 1 seat (-1)
- Einzelbewerber – 2.9%, 0 seats (-1)
## Coat of arms.
The coat of arms was approved on 11 July 1996 by the Magdeburg Regional Council ("Regierungspräsidium").
## Partnerships.
Since 1990 Thale has had a town partnership with Seesen (Lower Saxony) on the northwest edge of the Harz and, since 1998, with the French town of Juvisy-sur-Orge, 18 km from Paris, as well as Tillabéri in Niger, northwest of the River Niger.
# Culture and places of interest.
## Museums.
- Wendhusen Abbey which specialises in the theme of "canoness chapters" ("Kanonissenstifte")
- Thale Smelting Museum
- Walpurgis Hall
## | 27,203 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
Buildings.
- The former Wendhusen Abbey, dating to the Carolingian period
- The Hotel Zehnpfund, built in 1863 and once the biggest summer hotel in Germany
- St. Peter's Church, completed in 1906
- The Roman Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart ("Herz-Jesu-Kirche"), completed in 1910 and 1911
- The prominent windmill in the village of Warnstedt
## Other cultural sites.
- Hexentanzplatz ("Witches' Dancefloor")
- Harz Mountain Theatre, Thale
- Wildlife park ("Tierpark")
- Sommerrodelbahn
- Bau-Spiel-Haus
- Funpark
- Central Theater (cinema)
- Homburg Watchtower ("Homburgswarte")
## Natural monuments.
- Bode Gorge - Thale is the gateway to the Bode Gorge which is overlooked by the | 27,204 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
Hexentanzplatz ("Witches' Dancefloor"), accessible on the Bode Gorge Gondola Lift, and the Roßtrappe, to which a chair lift runs. At the "Hexentanzplatz" is a large open-air theatre and a zoo.
- Teufelsmauer - near the villages of Weddersleben and Warnstedt lies the Teufelsmauer, one of the oldest nature reserves in Germany.
- Harz Witches' Path - The Harz Witches' Path ("Harzer Hexenstieg"), a long-distance footpath, runs from Thale for just under 100 km across the Harz to Osterode, passing various sights along the way including the Brocken, Torfhaus, Dammgraben and the Upper Harz Ponds.
# Media.
Thale is the setting of Theodor Fontane's novel "Cécile". Fontane stayed in Thale a number | 27,205 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
of times between 1868 and 1884.
## Sons and daughters of the city.
- Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), evolutionary biologist, zoologist, behavioral researcher, neurophysiologist and philosopher
- Albrecht Becker (1906–2002), production designer, photographer and actor
- Harald Duschek (born 1956), ski jumper
- Volker Herold (born 1959), actor
## Personalities associated with Thale.
- Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold Pfeil (1783–1859), forestry scholar, spent time relaxing and hunting in the forest near Thale
- Theodor Fontane (1819–1898) stayed in Thale 1868, 1877, 1881, 1882, 1883 and 1884, wrote the novel playing in Thale "Cécile"
- Karl Bonhoeffer (1868–1948), psychiatrist, neurologist, medical | 27,206 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
expert, married to Paula von Hase, had a summer house in Friedrichsbrunn since 1913
- Hans Schemm (1891–1935), NSDAP-Gauleiter, directed the bacteriological-chemical laboratory Hubertusbad until 1921
- Axel von dem Bussche (1919–1993), officer and resistance fighter, knight-owner in Thale
- Werner Oberländer (1921–2002), footballer at Stahl Thale and Eintracht Braunschweig, with both clubs he played at the highest level of football
- Gojko Mitić (born 1940), actor, played various roles in the Harz mountain theater
- Leni Riefenstahl (1902–2003), film director and actress, attended girls' boarding school in the village
# External links.
- Official site for the City of Thale, with tourist | 27,207 |
1055919 | Thale | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thale | Thale
ed to Paula von Hase, had a summer house in Friedrichsbrunn since 1913
- Hans Schemm (1891–1935), NSDAP-Gauleiter, directed the bacteriological-chemical laboratory Hubertusbad until 1921
- Axel von dem Bussche (1919–1993), officer and resistance fighter, knight-owner in Thale
- Werner Oberländer (1921–2002), footballer at Stahl Thale and Eintracht Braunschweig, with both clubs he played at the highest level of football
- Gojko Mitić (born 1940), actor, played various roles in the Harz mountain theater
- Leni Riefenstahl (1902–2003), film director and actress, attended girls' boarding school in the village
# External links.
- Official site for the City of Thale, with tourist info, etc. | 27,208 |
1055981 | Masthead | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masthead | Masthead
Masthead
Masthead may refer to:
# Media.
- Masthead (publishing), refers to the flag, banner or the name of a newspaper or periodical, its proprietors, publisher, etc., printed in large type at the top of the front page
- Masthead Studios, an eastern-European games developer specializing in massively multiplayer online role-playing games
# Other.
- The top of a mast (sailing), a tall vertical pole of a ship which supports the sails
- Radio masts and towers, tall structures designed to support antennas (also known as aerials in the UK)
- Masthead rig, a method of rigging a sailing vessel | 27,209 |
1055977 | DragonRaid | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DragonRaid | DragonRaid
DragonRaid
DragonRaid is a Christian fantasy game that was created by Dick Wulf in 1984. It is generally considered a role-playing game, although the game's official sites describes it as "a cross between simulation exercises and traditional role-playing games". Its primary focus is to help Christians to become discipled in the teachings of the Bible. Its terminology and design assumptions are particularly pitched toward evangelical and fundamentalist Christianity.
# Description.
Using an allegorical fantasy RPG setting, players are able to play the roles of "TwiceBorn" LightRaiders and practice Scriptural principles in a group setting. The fantasy backdrop (called "EdenAgain") is similar | 27,210 |
1055977 | DragonRaid | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DragonRaid | DragonRaid
to J. R. R. Tolkien's Arda and C. S. Lewis' Narnia.
It uses a mechanical system called the Adventure Learning System, and is (as of 2006) the only role-playing game to use that system. In the ALS system, the rule set used by the game master (called the "Adventure Master") to operate the environment and non-player characters is significantly different from the rule set used by the players to operate their personal characters. In particular, enemies roll a smaller die than the players (d8 versus d10), making it markedly more likely that PCs will succeed in their actions than their antagonists. This also has the effect of making random failure more likely for NPCs than for PCs, as the lowest value | 27,211 |
1055977 | DragonRaid | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DragonRaid | DragonRaid
on an eight-sided die comes up 12.5% of the time, compared to 10% of the time for a ten-sided die.
The ludic experience is included in a more global pastoral or religious frame, for example the Adventure Master has to be a figure of authority (an adult, a dad, a pastor). The game design introduced different resolution rules for the player characters and for the non-player characters.
# Criticisms.
A review on rpg.net asserted that the game was criticised both by secular role-players (for its overtly proselytising content), and by Christian anti-roleplaying groups like Bothered About Dungeons and Dragons. The website christiangaming.com similarly states that "DragonRaid became a victim of | 27,212 |
1055977 | DragonRaid | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DragonRaid | DragonRaid
s.
A review on rpg.net asserted that the game was criticised both by secular role-players (for its overtly proselytising content), and by Christian anti-roleplaying groups like Bothered About Dungeons and Dragons. The website christiangaming.com similarly states that "DragonRaid became a victim of some well-meaning but mistaken Christian organizations that condemned it as having evil content".
# DragonRaid Second Edition.
An updated version, with updated rules and resources was in development as of September 2018, under the guidance of James R. Hannibal.
# External links.
- DragonRaid Online
- DragonRaid Discussion List
- The Dragonraid Inn A set of expansion rules enriching gameplay. | 27,213 |
1055979 | Trojan (brand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trojan%20(brand) | Trojan (brand)
Trojan (brand)
Trojan is a brand name of condoms and sexual lubricants manufactured by the Church & Dwight Company. As of 2006, 70.5 percent of condoms purchased in United States drugstores are Trojan brand. Trojan condoms were the idea of Merle Leland Youngs. When Youngs moved to New York City in the 1910s, the major condom manufacturer was Julius Schmid, who had made condoms from animal intestines beginning in the 1880s, and, around the same time as Youngs, developed reliable rubber ones under the brand names Ramses and Sheik. In general the condom trade had until this time been replete with seedy, fly-by-night manufacturers selling cheap wares.
Due to the Comstock Law of 1873 and many similar | 27,214 |
1055979 | Trojan (brand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trojan%20(brand) | Trojan (brand)
state laws, condoms were until 1957 sold as protection against disease. Still, many pharmacists were loath to stock a product associated with sexual vice. For that reason, consumers often had to purchase their condoms in the backrooms of bars.
# Brand history.
Trojan condoms were first manufactured in 1916 by Merle Leland Youngs through his company Fay and Youngs, renamed Youngs Rubber Corporation in 1919. Youngs Rubber Corporation debuted Trojan brand condoms with the image of the Trojan helmet. Trojan began advertising condoms in 1927 through an ad placed in a trade magazine for pharmacists.
By 1930 latex-based materials were used. Latex was less expensive than the rubber used previously, | 27,215 |
1055979 | Trojan (brand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trojan%20(brand) | Trojan (brand)
while still providing protection against disease and pregnancy. The material change also allowed a shelf life of five years in comparison to three months. Like all condoms sold in the U.S., Trojan condoms are electrically tested for durability and reliability. As of 2009, Trojan produces 30 different varieties of condoms.
# Research.
Since 2006, Trojan has conducted the Sexual Health Report Card, an annual ranking of the sexual health resources available to students at college and university campuses throughout the United States. Student health centers at 141 schools from the various Bowl Championship Series conferences are ranked on the students' opinion of subjects such as their health center, | 27,216 |
1055979 | Trojan (brand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trojan%20(brand) | Trojan (brand)
condom and other contraceptive availability, HIV and STD testing, student peer groups, sexual assault programs and resources, and website usability. Research firm Sperling's BestPlaces collates and analyzes the data. During the last report in 2016, University of Georgia ranked among the best, with St. John's University in last place. The results caused much controversy, school administrators must say that they must adhere to Roman Catholic teachings.
# Marketing.
In 2003, in order to introduce Trojan condoms in the United Kingdom, a humorous fake official web site for the so-called Trojan Games was created. The Trojan Games were supposedly an international sporting event similar to the Olympics | 27,217 |
1055979 | Trojan (brand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trojan%20(brand) | Trojan (brand)
ty in last place. The results caused much controversy, school administrators must say that they must adhere to Roman Catholic teachings.
# Marketing.
In 2003, in order to introduce Trojan condoms in the United Kingdom, a humorous fake official web site for the so-called Trojan Games was created. The Trojan Games were supposedly an international sporting event similar to the Olympics and taking place in Bucharest. The sports were based on sexual performance. As of November 2006 the various "Trojan Games" videos had been viewed 300 million times. Trojan Vibrations gave away a total of 7,000 free vibrators in New York City and Washington, DC in 2012.
# External links.
- Trojan official site | 27,218 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
Year and a day rule
The year and a day rule has been a common length of time for establishing differences in legal status.
The phrase "year and a day rule" is associated with the former common law standard that death could not be legally attributed to acts or omissions that occurred more than a year and a day before the death.
It is elsewhere associated with the minimum sentence for a crime to count as a felony.
# The rule and homicide.
In English common law, it was held that a death was conclusively presumed not to be murder (or any other homicide) if it occurred more than a year and one day since the act (or omission) that was alleged to have been its cause. The rule also applied to the | 27,219 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
offence of assisting with a suicide.
Certain problems with this rule arise from the advance of medicine. Life support technology can extend the interval between the murderous act and the subsequent death. Application of the year and a day rule prevented murder prosecutions, not because of the merits of the case, but because of the successful intervention of doctors in prolonging life. Additionally, advances in forensic medicine may assist the court to determine that an act was a cause of death even though it was carried out fairly far in the past.
## United Kingdom.
The rule was abolished by the Law Reform (Year and a Day Rule) Act 1996. English law is now substantially revised such that | 27,220 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
if a specific act can be proved to be the cause of death, it can now potentially constitute murder regardless of the intervening time. The abolition of the rule does not relieve the prosecution of its obligation to prove, in cases of murder, that the accused intended to cause either death or serious injury.
The permission of the Attorney General is required for any prosecution in which it is alleged that the death occurred more than three years after the causative act, or when the offender has previously been convicted of an offence in connection with the death.
## New Zealand.
New Zealand had the year and a day rule until it was abolished unanimously in March 2019.
## United States.
- | 27,221 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
In 1891, the rule was upheld at the federal level in "Ball v. United States".
- In 1987, the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, the highest local court in Washington, DC, rejected the year-and-a-day-rule in "United States v. Jackson".
- In 2001, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a Tennessee court's retroactive abolition of the rule was constitutional in "Rogers v. Tennessee".
The rule's common law status has been successfully used by defendants to overturn convictions as recently as 2003: the Supreme Court of Wisconsin upheld the year and a day rule in the case before it, but simultaneously abolished the rule for any later cases, noting the modern circumstances of homicide | 27,222 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
cases, in which there is "the specter of a family's being forced to choose between terminating the use of a life-support system and allowing an accused to escape a murder charge" and the court's finding that it is "unjust to permit an assailant to escape punishment because of a convergence of modern medical advances and an archaic rule from the thirteenth century".
In California, the "year and a day" rule has been changed to a "three years and a day" rule. If a death occurs more than three years and one day after the act alleged to have caused it, there is "a rebuttable presumption that the killing was not criminal", but the prosecution may seek to overcome this presumption.
In 2014, the D.C. | 27,223 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
rule (as it existed in 1981) was one of the reasons given for why John Hinckley, the attempted assassin of President Ronald Reagan, could not be prosecuted for the murder of James S. Brady. The medical examiner listed the cause of death for Brady as bullets fired 34 years earlier.
# Where the rule is not applied to homicide.
## Jurisdictions where the rule has never applied.
The following countries are listed in the "Report on the Year and a Day Rule in Homicide" with the observation that "the rule has never applied":
- Austria
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Italy
- Poland
- Scotland
- South Africa
## Jurisdictions where the rule has been abolished.
- United Kingdom
- Ireland
- | 27,224 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
Hong Kong
# As a sentence for felons.
A year and a day is a minimum incarceration sentence for felonies in many jurisdictions, and is one of the main features distinguishing felonies from misdemeanors. For some crimes, this is the minimum penalty, as traditionally in English-speaking, common law countries, misdemeanors may not entail a sentence of a year or more (hence, "eleven months and twenty-nine days") whereas felonies are traditionally punished by incarceration of over one year, hence "a year and a day." Furthermore, in many jurisdictions, prisoners are eligible for parole only if their sentences are longer than a year; by imposing a sentence of a year and a day, judges can offer defendants | 27,225 |
1055980 | Year and a day rule | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Year%20and%20a%20day%20rule | Year and a day rule
onths and twenty-nine days") whereas felonies are traditionally punished by incarceration of over one year, hence "a year and a day." Furthermore, in many jurisdictions, prisoners are eligible for parole only if their sentences are longer than a year; by imposing a sentence of a year and a day, judges can offer defendants a chance at parole. In the United States federal system, only sentences exceeding one year allow prisoners to obtain early release for good time while incarcerated. As a result, a sentence of a year and a day can lead to less time served than a sentence of a year.
# See also.
- Speedy trial
# External links.
- "Criminal Law: Eighth Edition", Smith & Hogan, Butterworths, | 27,226 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
Great Island
Great Island () is an island in Cork Harbour, at the mouth of the River Lee in Ireland. The largest town on the island is Cobh, and the island's economic and social history has historically been linked to the naval, ship-building, and shipping activities in the town's environs. Located close to Cork city, as of the 21st century, a key economic driver is tourism – including the cruise tourism attracted by the Port of Cork berthing facilities on the island.
# History.
The ancient name of the island was "Oilean Ard na Neimheadh", the "High (or important) island of Neimheadh". Neimheadh was, according to the 11th century Lebor Gabála Érenn, the leader of a group who invaded the area | 27,227 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
in prehistoric times. Archaeological evidence of prehistoric and early medieval settlement on Great Island is recorded on the Record of Monuments and Places of the National Monuments Service. This includes records of ringfort, fulacht fiadh, holy well and bee bole structures.
By the early 13th century, the island was under the control of the Anglo-Norman Hodnett family. The Hodnetts built several structures, including Belvelly Castle, to defend the island and its approaches. The island and its defenses were taken by the de Barra (Barry) family in the 14th century. The Barry family (later Earls of Barrymore) retained power in the area for several centuries, and the island became known as "Oileán | 27,228 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
Mór an Barraigh", meaning "Great island of the Barrys".
In the 18th and 19th centuries, due to the strategic importance of the island within Cork Harbour (overlooking the naval berths and military bases at Haulbowline and Spike Island), several coastal defence fortifications were built on Great Island. These included the construction of Cove Fort (between Cobh and Cuskinny) in the 18th century and several Martello towers (at Belvelly, Monning and Rossleague) in the 19th century.
The largest settlement on Great Island, Cobh, saw significant development during the 19th century and early 20th century, coinciding with additional expansion in shipping and naval activity in the area.
# Location | 27,229 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
and access.
Great Island is located in Cork Harbour on Ireland's south coast, and is made-up of the civil parishes of 'Clonmel' and 'Templerobin'.
The island is connected by road bridge to Fota Island to the north – which, in turn, connects via a causeway to the mainland. This road bridge, Belvelly Bridge, was built in 1803 at one of the narrowest points in the channels around Great Island. At more than 200 years old, it is the only road bridge to the island.
A railway bridge and rail line also runs out through Fota Island to Great Island. Railway stations on Great Island include Carrigaloe station and Rushbrooke station, and the terminus at Cobh. A ferry service also connects the island | 27,230 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
(from a point near Carrigaloe) to the mainland (at a point near Passage West).
During regional windstorms in 2017 (including ex-hurricane Ophelia), downed trees and high winds resulted in the closure of the only road bridge to Great Island, as well as the cancellation of ferry and rail services, leaving 12,000 residents "stranded". This led to some calls for a review of emergency access provisions and plans for the island.
# Land use and economy.
In the 19th century "Topographical Dictionary of Ireland" (published by Samuel Lewis in 1837), Great Island is described as "very fertile" with its "light productive soil" supporting agricultural uses with "two-thirds [of the island] under tillage, | 27,231 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
and the remainder in pasture or included in demesnes". Lewis also describes the island's location, environment and climate as factors "induc[ing] many genteel families to settle here".
As of the 21st century, land use on Great Island remains primarily agricultural and residential in nature, and the island has a population of between 12,000 and 14,000. While some of this population work on the island, as of the early 21st century, an increasing percentage of the island's residents fall within the commuter area for Cork city, and connect via road, Cork Commuter Rail and bus services to Cork. Residential developments are mainly concentrated around Cobh, with other populated townlands and settlements | 27,232 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
on the island including Ballymore, Ballynoe, and Belvelly.
Prior to the 21st century, land use included industrial zones, such as the former Irish Fertilizer Industries plant at Marino Point, and the Verolme Cork Dockyard at Rushbrooke. The latter was involved in the construction of vessels for the Irish Naval Service, such as the LÉ "Eithne". Many of these heavy industries have since closed, though some smaller boatbuilding companies are still based at Cobh.
Tourism is now an economic driver on this island, and Great Island is the location of Ireland's only dedicated berth for visiting cruise ships.
# Ecology.
There are several proposed conservation sites and green areas on and around the | 27,233 |
1055978 | Great Island | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Great%20Island | Great Island
servation sites and green areas on and around the island. These include Cuskinny Marsh Nature Reserve (which is managed by BirdWatch Ireland), Marlogue Wood (operated by Coillte), and the Great Island Channel Special Area of Conservation (overseen by the National Parks and Wildlife Service). The latter, the Great Island Special Area of Conservation, proposes conservation controls (including aquaculture limits) to protect the animal and bird habitats of the area's salt marshes. While larger fish species are less common in the Great Island Special Area of Conservation, a large blue shark was recorded just off the island in mid-2018.
# See also.
- List of coastal fortifications of County Cork | 27,234 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
Bret Michaels
Bret Michael Sychak (born March 15, 1963), professionally known as Bret Michaels, is an American singer-songwriter and musician. He gained fame as the lead singer of the glam metal band Poison who have sold over 40 million records worldwide and 15 million records in the United States alone. The band has also charted 10 singles to the Top 40 of the "Billboard" Hot 100, including six Top 10 singles and a number-one single, "Every Rose Has Its Thorn".
Besides his career as lead singer, he has several solo albums to his credit, including the soundtrack album to the movie "A Letter from Death Row" in which Michaels starred, wrote and directed in 1998, and a Poison-style rock album, | 27,235 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
"Songs of Life", in 2003. Michaels has appeared in several movies and TV shows, including as a judge on the talent show "Nashville Star" which led to his country influenced rock album "Freedom of Sound" in 2005. He starred in the hit VH1 reality show "Rock of Love with Bret Michaels" and its sequels, which inspired his successful solo album "Rock My World". He was also the winning contestant on NBC's reality show "Celebrity Apprentice 3" and also featured in his own reality docu-series "", which inspired his highest charting album as a solo artist, "Custom Built", reaching No. 1 on Billboard's Hard Rock list. He is also known for hosting on the Travel Channel. In 2006, "Hit Parader" ranked Michaels | 27,236 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
at #40 on their list of greatest Heavy metal singers of all-time.
# Early life.
Michaels was born Bret Michael Sychak on March 15, 1963, to Wally and Marjorie Sychak, north of Pittsburgh in the city of Butler, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. He attended Mechanicsburg Area Senior High School. He has two sisters, Michelle and Nicole. He claims that his parents had originally intended for him to have the middle name "Maverick", after the title character in the popular James Garner TV Western series "Maverick". He is of Carpatho-Rusyn (from his paternal grandfather), Irish, English, German, and Swiss descent. Bret's great-uncle Nick Sychak fought at Omaha Beach in the | 27,237 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
Invasion of Normandy and was killed in action in France in 1944.
At the age of 6, Michaels fell ill, and during a three-week stay in the hospital, he was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes.
# Music career.
Michaels began playing the guitar as a teenager, forming a band with drummer Rikki Rockett, bass player Bobby Dall and guitarist David Besselman. Shortly thereafter, Besselman left the band due to creative differences and in 1983 the band hired Matt Smith to form a new band named Paris in Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania. In early 1984 the band tired of playing the Pennsylvania bar circuit, changed their name to Poison and moved west to Los Angeles to seek fame in the Sunset Boulevard scene. That | 27,238 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
same year, Michaels met 16-year-old Tracy Lewis, who would become both his girlfriend and the muse for one of his most memorable songs. Eventually, Matt Smith tired of the band's struggle to find fame and returned home. He was replaced by C.C. DeVille, who would become both Michaels' friend and a source of conflict.
## 1980s–1990s.
Local publicity about the band eventually led to a record deal with Enigma Records, and their first album, "Look What the Cat Dragged In". It did not see great success until 1987, when Michaels convinced the band to film a video for their song, "Talk Dirty to Me". The album went platinum, and the band became famous. In March of that year, Poison headlined a show | 27,239 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
at Madison Square Garden. Michaels took his insulin injection before the show but was so nervous about performing that he neglected to eat. Several songs into Poison's set, Michaels went into insulin shock and collapsed onstage. When subsequent media reports alleged that Michaels collapsed due to a drug overdose, Michaels publicly announced that he was a diabetic.
1987 also saw the dissolution of his relationship with Lewis, who felt that fame had changed him. Though Michaels contends that Lewis was unfaithful to him, Lewis (now Lewis Crosby) insists that it was Michaels who was unfaithful. Michaels was inspired by the breakup to write "Every Rose Has Its Thorn", explaining that the rose represented | 27,240 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
his fame and success, whereas the loss of his relationship represented the thorn. The song was released as a power ballad single in December 1988, and is regarded as "the ultimate '80s anthem about heartbreak".
Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, Poison became one of the biggest glam metal bands in the world, recording their second album, the multi-platinum selling "Open Up and Say... Ahh!", and their third album, the multi-platinum selling "Flesh & Blood". However, their lives were characterized by the escalating tension between Michaels and DeVille that derived from their mutual drug use, which came to a head during their 1990/91 "Flesh and Blood" world tour. Also cited is the spectacle | 27,241 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
of DeVille's behavior during the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards. After getting into a fistfight with Michaels, DeVille left the band, and descended further into addiction. Poison went on with new guitarist Richie Kotzen recording the Gold album "Native Tongue" and then with guitarist Blues Saraceno recording the album "Crack a Smile... and More!". In the mid-1990s, after a night of partying, Michaels came close to dying when he crashed his Ferrari into a telephone pole. He incurred serious injury, including broken ribs, a disfigured nose and lost teeth.
In 1999, reunited with original guitarist C.C. Deville, Poison went on a successful greatest hits reunion tour. In the next decade, Bret Michaels | 27,242 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
would split his time between Poison and a successful solo career.
## 2000s.
Michaels recorded his first solo album in 1998 titled "A Letter from Death Row" which was the soundtrack to the same-titled movie he directed, wrote, and starred in. In 2000 Michaels released a country demos ep and also released the album "Show Me Your Hits" which featured re-recorded Poison classics, the album featured Michaels performing Poison hits in a new way and also featured other artists with Michaels on selected tracks. In 2001 Michaels released a unique storytellers CD titled "Ballads, Blues & Stories" which featured Poison and Michaels solo tracks along with recorded stories about each song.
In 2003, Michaels | 27,243 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
released a brand new studio album "Songs of Life" which featured the singles "Raine" (dedicated to his daughter) and "Bittersweet". Michaels also released his first solo music video for the single "Raine" which was directed by award-winning director Shane Stanley.
The album also featured a music video for "Menace to Society" and a 9/11 tribute "One More Day".
Michaels served as a judge on the 2005 season of the reality television singing competition "Nashville Star" and released a country rock album in the same year called "Freedom of Sound". The album features the singles "Right Now, Right Here", "Open Road" which Michaels performed live on the show and the hit single "All I Ever Needed" | 27,244 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
(featuring Jessica Andrews) which appeared on Billboard's "Hot Country Songs" chart, with its best position being number 45. The song also featured a music video which appeared on Billboard's "Hot Videoclip Tracks" chart in 2008.
Michaels released a best of album called "Rock My World" in June 2008 which featured music from his reality television series "Rock of Love" including the new singles "Go That Far" (Rock of Love theme), "Fallen" and "Start Again", the first two singles also featuring music videos with clips from the series. The album charted at No. 40 on the "Billboard" 200, No. 4 on the Top Independent Albums, No. 4 on the Top Hard Rock Albums and No. 16 on the Top Rock Albums chart. | 27,245 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
In December 2008, Michaels released a single version of "Driven" (rock mix) which also featured a music video with preview clips for the third season of Rock of Love, titled "Rock of Love Bus". Michaels also re released the "Fallen" single with acoustic, piano and demo versions included.
Michaels released a 30-minute DVD from Time Life in 2008 called "Hard & Heavy Confidential featuring Bret Michaels" which included acoustic versions of "All I Ever Needed", "Driven", "Every Rose Has Its Thorn" and "Something to Believe In", it also included in depth interviews. The DVD was included in the Hard & Heavy CD/DVD collection from (Time Life) advertised on TV by Bret Michaels. The same four acoustic | 27,246 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
performances were also released on CD titled "Bret Michaels Acoustic Sessions".
## 2010–2014.
In 2010, Michaels released a new single called "Nothing to Lose" from his upcoming new studio album, "Custom Built". The song featured the guest vocals of Miley Cyrus and was the most added song to radio the week of its release, topping both Bon Jovi and Nickelback. In April 2010, he released the second single "Lie to Me" and in May 2010 released the third single, "Wasted Time".
Michaels performed on the "American Idol" season 9 finale on May 26 against his doctor's recommendation.
Michaels also performed a duet of "Every Rose Has Its Thorn" with Miley Cyrus on the June 18, 2010 episode "Good Morning | 27,247 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
America".
On July 6, 2010, Michaels released his new album "Custom Built". The album became Michaels highest charting solo album to date peaking at No. 1 on both the Top Independent Albums and Top Hard Rock Albums chart and also charting at No. 4 on the Top Rock Albums and No. 14 on the "Billboard" 200.
On August 4, 2010, Michaels appeared in the fifth season of "America's Got Talent" and performed "Every Rose Has Its Thorn", accompanying himself on acoustic folk guitar.
Despite not being released as a single, a music video was produced for "Riding Against the Wind" a song from Michaels' latest album "Custom Built" that also doubles as the theme song for his new VH1 reality show "". The music | 27,248 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
video was released on October 7, 2010, exclusively at Billboard's and contains footage from the series, which officially premieres on VH1 on October 18, 2010.
Michaels also released a music video for the cover of Sublime's song "What I Got", which is the fourth single from "Custom Built". The music video is a special tribute to his fans and was released on Thanksgiving.
In early 2011 Michaels recorded a brand new song "Hit and Roll" for "Top Gear (U.S. TV series)" which also included a music video featured on the series and the promo commercials.
On December 31, 2011, Michaels celebrated the new year with a New Year’s Eve concert from the 'Get Your Rock On' Solo tour. The concert took place | 27,249 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
in Springfield, IL at the Prairie Capital Convention Center. To make the night complete, this New Year's Eve bash will be featured and well documented in the music video for the new single "Get Your Rock On" from Bret's upcoming new album. The single "Get Your Rock On (featuring Phil Collen & Sal Costa)" was released January 9, 2012.
In conjunction with his new single Michaels also released an alternate version titled "Get Your Ride On (featuring Phil Collen)" on January 10, 2012. The song will also Serve as Monster Energy AMA Supercross Opener all season on Speed with an exclusive video that premiered on SPEED TV January 7, 2012. The video will
be customized for each race throughout the season.
Michaels | 27,250 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
toured with Def Leppard and Lita Ford in 2012. In August 2012 Michaels released a new single "They Don't Make An App For That (The App Song)" through Michaels official Bret Michaels App. The song is a fun, tongue-in-cheek country crossover tune that takes on today’s social media culture. "The App song" features a teaser video.
In January 2013, Michaels released a new single "You Know You Want It (Featuring Peter Keys)" from his upcoming new album titled "Jammin' With Friends". The new album features collaborations with some of the top artists and players in music from a variety of genres and generations. The album was released June 25, 2013 and charted at #13 on the Top Hard Rock Albums chart, | 27,251 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
#23 on the Top Independent Albums chart, #29 on the Top Rock Albums chart and #80 on The Billboard 200.
On April 1, 2014, Michaels released his new solo single, "A Beautiful Soul", with a music video being released on April 2. Michaels announced that he will perform the track live on the April 2 edition of "Oprah's Lifeclass" which will be taped live on Oprah's website.
## 2015–present.
On April 7, 2015, Michaels released a new song titled "Girls On Bars", making it the second year in a row he released a new song during the month of April.
The song was co written with Grammy award-winning songwriter of the year, Luke Laird. "Girls on Bars” boasted the highest number of views of any debut | 27,252 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
single ever on CMT.
On April 9, 2015 Michaels announced his new solo album titled "True Grit". The album will feature 21 new and classic hits. The compilation was released digitally May 5, 2015 and Michaels released the video for the new single "Girls On Bars" on May 12. The album is on physical release as a cd exclusively via his website.
In May 2017, Bret Michaels released a brand-new single which is a heartfelt tribute to his youngest daughter, Jorja Bleu, in honor of her 12th birthday.
The song titled "Jorja Bleu" features a music video which was posted at Michaels’ official YouTube channel and is a sequel to his 2003 single "Raine" which is titled after his oldest daughter.
In 2019 | 27,253 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
Michaels released an official music video for his new single "Unbroken", which was co written with his 13-year old daughter, Jorja Bleu. The song is about mental and physical strength over adversity.
# "Rock of Love".
Michaels starred in the reality television dating competition series "Rock of Love with Bret Michaels", the first season of which premiered in July 2007. Jes Rickleff was the winner of Season One. However, she announced during the October 2007 reunion show that she and Michaels were not right for each other and told runner-up Heather he was all hers and that he should have chosen Heather. The first season was released on DVD in early 2008.
The show's second season premiered | 27,254 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
on January 13, 2008. On April 13, 2008, Michaels selected Ambre Lake as his "Rock of Love". After the show the two maintained a relationship, but parted ways after just a few months due to personal commitments, but they remain good friends.
A third season, "Rock of Love Bus", premiered on January 4, 2009, to ratings which represented a series high for VH1. Michaels chose Penthouse Pet Taya Parker as the winner.
When asked about a fourth season of "Rock of Love", Michaels said "Now they want me to come back for a fourth 'Rock of Love.' I feel that it should be something that changes up, but I still want that fun element. What you see is what you get with me."
# Television and film appearances.
Michaels | 27,255 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
and actor Charlie Sheen established a film production company, Sheen/Michaels Entertainment, which produced the movie "A Letter from Death Row" (1998), in which Michaels wrote, directed and starred, and for which he released a soundtrack album. They also produced "No Code of Conduct" that same year, which Michaels also directed and acted in. Their company also produced the feature film "Free Money", starring Marlon Brando and Mira Sorvino, and the surfer movie "In God's Hands" in which Michaels also had a small acting role.
Michaels appeared in the CBS sitcom "Yes, Dear", Season 1, Episode 6, titled "Greg's Big Day", first aired November 6, 2000. He also appeared as himself in three episodes | 27,256 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
of "The Chris Isaak Show" from 2001 to 2004.
On May 1, 2008, Michaels appeared on a special celebrity edition of "Don't Forget the Lyrics!", on which he raised $200,000 to donate to charity.
In 2010, Michaels was the winning contestant on the NBC reality television series "Celebrity Apprentice 3" on NBC.
Michaels stars in a series named "", which depicts his life at home with his daughters and their mother.
Filming of the series began before Michaels' health troubles, and filming was suspended after his hospitalization. VH1 aired a preview of the series on May 31, 2010, and the series aired in fall 2010.
Michaels hosted the Miss Universe 2010 pageant along with Natalie Morales on August | 27,257 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
23, 2010.
# In other media.
Michaels was portrayed as a guest singer in the video game "", which features him singing "Go That Far" from his solo career, and Poison's "Talk Dirty to Me".
# Charity work.
Michaels and his band visited troops at Al Asad Air Base on October 6, 2007, while on a tour of U.S. bases in Iraq in support of Armed Forces Entertainment.
Bret Michaels has done extensive work for Operation Homefront- a charity that provides emergency financial and other assistance to the families of service members and wounded warriors.
He earned $640,000 for the American Diabetes Association for competing in and ultimately winning the Celebrity Apprentice 3.
In June, 2014, while on | 27,258 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
a national tour date in Omaha, NE, Bret became aware of a series of tornadoes that hit the Nebraska town of Pilger. He, his band, and crew, went to Pilger to see the damage and assist with clean-up. When his tour came near the area again in August, 2014, he hosted a fundraising performance in Norfolk, Nebraska to help tornado victims in the area.
# Personal life.
Bret is married to long-time love Kristi Gibson. Kristi is the mother of his two daughters Raine Elizabeth (b. May 20, 2000) and Jorja Bleu (b. May 5, 2005) Michaels has a line of pet clothing and accessories called Pets Rock, sold at PetSmart.
Michaels was involved with Pamela Anderson. After Poison's and Michaels's longtime attorney, | 27,259 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
Ed McPherson obtained a federal injunction prohibiting the distribution of an explicit sex tape that the couple had made, an abridged version of the sex tape appeared on the Internet in 1998 and was released on DVD on September 7, 2005, by Metro Studios.
On May 20, 2010, it was reported on his official website that Michaels has been "readmitted to the hospital this week after suffering numbness on the left side of his body". While conducting diagnostic tests it was found that Michaels has a "patent foramen ovale (PFO), a hole in the heart". It was further reported that his condition is "operable and treatable" and his doctors believe they "have diagnosed the problem that caused the transient | 27,260 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
ischemic attack (TIA) or warning stroke", but that they "feel it is highly unlikely this is connected to the brain hemorrhage he suffered just a few weeks earlier". On October 11, 2011, Michaels commented on his 2010 health scare with the following: "2010 was, without question, a roller coaster year for me. But when you have an amazing family, and you still have a lot of music left to make, and you have such incredible and supportive fans behind you, you’re going to fight until the very last breath before you throw in that towel."
## Lawsuit with Tony Awards and CBS.
Michaels was injured during his opening performance at the 63rd Tony Awards on June 7, 2009. As he was ending his performance | 27,261 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
with Poison and exiting to the stage rear, a large portion of the descending set struck him on the head and knocked him down. The initial injuries reported was a broken nose. However the hemorrhage incident in 2010 prompted Michaels to file a lawsuit for unspecified damages against the Tony Awards and CBS claiming the incident caused the hemorrhage. On May 14, 2012, the parties announced that they had agreed to settle the lawsuit for an undisclosed amount. Michaels thanked the Barrow Neurological Institute at St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center in Phoenix for saving his life and career.
# Discography.
- Studio albums
- "A Letter from Death Row" (1998)
- "Songs of Life" (2003)
- "Freedom | 27,262 |
1055912 | Bret Michaels | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bret%20Michaels | Bret Michaels
struck him on the head and knocked him down. The initial injuries reported was a broken nose. However the hemorrhage incident in 2010 prompted Michaels to file a lawsuit for unspecified damages against the Tony Awards and CBS claiming the incident caused the hemorrhage. On May 14, 2012, the parties announced that they had agreed to settle the lawsuit for an undisclosed amount. Michaels thanked the Barrow Neurological Institute at St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center in Phoenix for saving his life and career.
# Discography.
- Studio albums
- "A Letter from Death Row" (1998)
- "Songs of Life" (2003)
- "Freedom of Sound" (2005)
- "Custom Built" (2010)
- "Jammin' with Friends" (2013) | 27,263 |
1056010 | Girls Just Want to Have Fun (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Girls%20Just%20Want%20to%20Have%20Fun%20(disambiguation) | Girls Just Want to Have Fun (disambiguation)
Girls Just Want to Have Fun (disambiguation)
"Girls Just Want to Have Fun" is the first major single released by Cyndi Lauper.
Girls Just Want to Have Fun (and variations) may also refer to:
# Television.
- , an episode in the television series "Xena: Warrior Princess"
- , an episode from the second season of "Degrassi The Next Generation"
- "Girls Just Want to Have Fun", an episode from "Married... with Children" (season 2)
# Other uses.
- "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" (film), starring Sarah Jessica Parker
- "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" (soundtrack)
- "Girls Just Wanna Have Fun" (Shaggy song), a song by reggae musician Shaggy | 27,264 |
1055992 | Editorial board | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Editorial%20board | Editorial board
Editorial board
The editorial board is a group of experts, usually at a publication, who dictate the tone and direction the publication's editorial policy will take.
# Mass media.
At a newspaper, the editorial board usually consists of the editorial page editor, and editorial writers. Some newspapers include other personnel as well. Editorial boards for magazines may include experts in the subject area that the magazine focuses on, and larger magazines may have several editorial boards grouped by subject. An executive editorial board may oversee these subject boards, and usually includes the executive editor and representatives from the subject focus boards.
Editorial boards meet on a regular | 27,265 |
1055992 | Editorial board | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Editorial%20board | Editorial board
basis to discuss the latest news and opinion trends and discuss what the newspaper should say on a range of issues. They will then decide who will write what editorials and for what day. When such an editorial appears in a newspaper, it is considered the institutional opinion of that newspaper. At some newspapers, the editorial board will also review wire service and syndicated columns for inclusion on the editorial page or op-ed page. Some newspapers, particularly small ones, do not have an editorial board, choosing instead to rely on the judgment of a single editorial page editor.
Book and magazine publishers will often use their editorial boards to review or select manuscripts or articles, | 27,266 |
1055992 | Editorial board | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Editorial%20board | Editorial board
and sometimes to check facts. Book publishers may also make use of editorial boards, using subject experts to select manuscripts.
The editorial board meeting ran by Phyllis E. Grann at Putnam was called the "Thursday Morning Breakfast Meeting." The meeting was described in "New York Magazine" as, "8:30 event had a war-room atmosphere, with representatives of every department--editorial, publicity, sales and marketing--reporting in to Grann, who made decisions like a Mike Milken-style bond trader, constantly evaluation and re-evaluating her positions."
# Academic journals.
Almost all academic journals have an editorial board consisting of selected, unpaid experts in the academic field covered | 27,267 |
1055992 | Editorial board | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Editorial%20board | Editorial board
by a journal. This is almost always an honorary position, although board members sometimes provide peer review of submissions. A member may be asked to review several manuscripts per year and may edit a special issue. The members may also be consulted regarding new regulations at the journal. They are expected to promote the journal among their peers.
# Political campaigns.
The editorial board controls the endorsement process for the newspaper during campaigns. Candidates will come before the editorial board for a group interview which can last for several hours, depending on the office. During the meeting, the board asks the candidate a range of questions on various issues and uses the meeting | 27,268 |
1055992 | Editorial board | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Editorial%20board | Editorial board
a group interview which can last for several hours, depending on the office. During the meeting, the board asks the candidate a range of questions on various issues and uses the meeting as a way to judge which candidate to endorse.
Candidates may routinely meet with editorial board early in their campaigns in order to provide their opinions to the newspaper's decision makers. This is a way to steer media coverage their way and to influence the final endorsement.
# External links.
- "Editorial Boards and the Public Interest" by Clint Reilly
- "Editorial Boards of Journal of Maize Research and Development
- http://nmrp.gov.np/journal-of-maize-research-and-development/editorial-board-jmrd/ | 27,269 |
1056011 | Oppenheimer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer | Oppenheimer
Oppenheimer
Oppenheimer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
# In arts and media.
- Alan Oppenheimer (born 1930), film actor
- Andrés Oppenheimer (born 1951), Argentine author and journalist known for his analysis of Latin American politics
- Jerry Oppenheimer, American biographer
- Jess Oppenheimer (1913–1988), radio & TV writer who created "I Love Lucy"
- Joel Oppenheimer (1930–1988), American writer
- Joshua Oppenheimer (born 1974), American film director
- Lillian Oppenheimer (1898–1992), American origami pioneer
- Stephen Oppenheimer (born 1947), popular science writer in prehistory
# In business.
## Minerals.
- Bernard Oppenheimer (1866–1921), South African | 27,270 |
1056011 | Oppenheimer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer | Oppenheimer
and British diamond merchant and philanthropist, brother of Ernest
- Ernest Oppenheimer (1880–1957), diamond and gold mining entrepreneur and financier; controlled De Beers and founded the Anglo American Corporation of South Africa, brother of Bernard
- Harry Frederick Oppenheimer (1908–2000), South African businessman of De Beers Consolidated Mines Limited, son of Ernest
- Nicky Oppenheimer (born 1945), chairman of De Beers and of The Diamond Trading Company, son of Harry
## Other businesses.
- Damon Oppenheimer (born 1962), Vice President and Director of Amateur Scouting for the New York Yankees
- Joseph Suss Oppenheimer (1698–1738), financial adviser to Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg
- | 27,271 |
1056011 | Oppenheimer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer | Oppenheimer
Samuel Oppenheimer (1635–1703), Jewish banker
- Peter Oppenheimer, senior vice president and chief financial officer of Apple Computer
# In government and law.
- Charles Cuprill Oppenheimer (1916 – 2011), lawyer and Rotary District Governor for Puerto Rico
- David Oppenheimer (1834–1897), second mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Kay Oppenheimer, member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
- Santiago Oppenheimer (1869 – ca. 1930), mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico in 1906.
- Suzi Oppenheimer (born 1934), former New York politician.
# In science and academia.
- Clive Oppenheimer (born 1964), British volcanologist
- Daniel M. Oppenheimer, professor of psychology at UCLA
- | 27,272 |
1056011 | Oppenheimer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer | Oppenheimer
Frank Oppenheimer (1912–1985), American physicist, brother of J. Robert Oppenheimer, founder of the Exploratorium in San Francisco
- Franz Oppenheimer (1864–1943), German sociologist and political economist
- Hillel Oppenheimer (1899–1971), Israeli professor of botany, son of Franz
- Jane M. Oppenheimer (1911–1996), American embryologist and historian of science
- J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967), American physicist who headed the Manhattan Project, known as the "Father of the Atomic Bomb"
- Michael Oppenheimer, American professor of geosciences at Princeton University, authority on climate change
- Rebecca Oppenheimer (born 1972), American astrophysicist
- Stephen Oppenheimer (born | 27,273 |
1056011 | Oppenheimer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oppenheimer | Oppenheimer
- Rebecca Oppenheimer (born 1972), American astrophysicist
- Stephen Oppenheimer (born 1947), British popular science writer in prehistory
# In other fields.
- Damon Oppenheimer (born 1962), Vice President and Director of Amateur Scouting for the New York Yankees
- David Oppenheim (rabbi) (1664–1736), also called Oppenheimer, rabbi of Prague and bibliophile
- Isabel la Negra (1901–1974), also known as Isabel Luberza Oppenheimer, Puerto Rican criminal
- Josh Oppenheimer (born 1970), Israeli-American professional basketball coach, and former professional basketball player
- Thomas Oppenheimer (born 1988), a German professional ice hockey player
# See also.
- Oppenheim (disambiguation) | 27,274 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
H.K. Porter, Inc.
H.K. Porter, Inc. (Porter) manufactured light-duty railroad locomotives in the US, starting in 1866. The company became the largest producer of industrial locomotives, and built almost eight thousand of them. The last locomotive was built in 1950, but the company continues to produce industrial equipment to this day.
Porter was known for building locomotives that were much smaller than those normally used by the larger Class I railroads. The company's locomotives were small enough that they were often operated by only one person. Porter built mostly steam locomotives, but they also built some powered by gasoline and diesel engines, and some that ran on compressed air.
The | 27,275 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
largest collection of Porter photographs and information is currently housed in the Kentlein Porter Collection at the A. C. Kalmbach Memorial Library (a service of the National Model Railroad Association) in Chattanooga, TN. Many of the 780 builder's photos, blueprints and other locomotive data were republished in "Porter Steam Locomotives", published by the library.
# Timeline.
1866: Henry Kirke Porter formed a partnership with John Y. Smith and they called the company Smith & Porter. The two opened a small machine shop on 28th Street in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and begin repairing and building industrial equipment. They received an order for their first locomotive on March 4, 1867, and | 27,276 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
built the "Joshua Rhodes" for the New Castle Railroad and Mining Company. They went on to build 43 locomotives together, including the "Minnetonka" (preserved at the Lake Superior Museum of Transportation). They specialized in four wheeled, saddle tank locomotives for small industrial railroads.
1871: Fire broke out in the shop on February 7, destroying twelve locomotives under construction, the shop, and 23 adjacent structures. Total losses were estimated at $200,000, and the partnership was dissolved. Smith formed Smith & Dawson Locomotives, which became National Locomotive Works. Porter formed a partnership with Arthur W. Bell, called Porter, Bell & Co., and they built their first locomotive | 27,277 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
for the Jackson Furnace Co. of Michigan. They expanded their range to include light passenger engines and small freight engines, primarily for narrow gauge railroads. They built 223 locomotives, until Arthur Bell died in May 1878.
1878: Henry K. Porter continued the business on his own, as H.K. Porter & Co. He had established a reputation as a builder of rugged, specialized locomotives. He could custom build a locomotive quickly and efficiently, with a system of interchangeable parts; pistons, wheels and boilers in various sizes that can be combined to suit a customer's requirements. Some of the basic designs were kept in stock, and could be ordered literally "off the shelf".
1890: Porter | 27,278 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
built their first compressed-air locomotive, for a coal mine in Pennsylvania. Air was stored in two tanks, and used to drive the pistons instead of steam. This allowed locomotive use inside mines without the fumes of burning coal, or the dangers of high-pressure steam. Porter went on to build over 400 compressed-air locomotives for use in mines, plants, and the street railways of New Orleans. Others built compressed-air locomotives, but by 1900 Porter had captured 90% of the market.
1899: Henry Porter incorporated the company as the H.K. Porter Co., Inc. He built a new plant at 49th and Harrison Street in Pittsburgh. Production peaked in 1906, with almost 400 locomotives built that year.
1911: | 27,279 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
Porter built their first gasoline-powered locomotive, and in 1915 they built their first "fireless" locomotive, using a large pressure vessel to hold steam and hot water in place of a boiler. These proved to be more useful than compressed-air locomotives, and soon Porter dominated this niche market.
1921: The H.K. Porter Co. was prosperous, enjoying a post-World War I reconstruction boom in Europe, and a road construction boom in the US. Porters were a favorite choice among grading contractors, who used light, portable tracks to carry the wooden tipper-cars that were the earthmoving equipment of the day. Henry Porter, still running the company at age 81, died on April 10.
1939: After a long | 27,280 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
decline, the H.K. Porter Co. declared bankruptcy. Thomas Mellon Evans purchased the company, determined to turn it around. He bought other manufacturing companies, adding them to his collection. Locomotive production increased again during World War II, and the company was recognized for its service to the country in 1942, but demand for steam locomotives dwindled post-war, and H.K. Porter became primarily a holding company for the many subsidiaries Evans had acquired.
1950: The company built its last locomotive, which was exported to Brazil. The parts business and all the required patterns were sold to the Davenport Locomotive Works in Iowa.
1950s–1960s: Electrical Division National Electric | 27,281 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
Defense Products Facilities manufactured rocket motor bodies for Nike family of guided missiles.
1969: The company acquired a saw manufacturer Shurly & Dietrich, which continued operations until 1973.
# Divisions.
The company had the following industrial divisions and subsidiaries:
- Rubber and Friction Products
- Thermoid Division
- Electrical Equipment
- Delta Star Electric Division
- National Electric Division
- Copper and Alloys
- Riverside Alloy Metal Division
- Refractories
- Refractories Division
- Electric Furnace Steel
- Connors Steel Division
- Vulcan-Kidd Steel Division
- Fabricated Products
- Disston Division
- Forge and Fittings Division
- Leschen Wire Rope Division
- | 27,282 |
1055988 | H.K. Porter, Inc. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=H.K.%20Porter,%20Inc. | H.K. Porter, Inc.
erside Alloy Metal Division
- Refractories
- Refractories Division
- Electric Furnace Steel
- Connors Steel Division
- Vulcan-Kidd Steel Division
- Fabricated Products
- Disston Division
- Forge and Fittings Division
- Leschen Wire Rope Division
- Mouldings Division
Across the border, company had wholly owned Canadian subsidiary – H.K. Porter Company Ltd., which was subdivided in the following order:
- Refractories Division
- Disston Tools Division
- Federal Wires and Cables Division
- Nepcoduct Systems Division
# See also.
- List of locomotive builders
# External links.
- Preserved H.K. Porter locomotive list
- Links to many Porter pages
- A.C. Kalmbach Memorial Library | 27,283 |
1056003 | Fundamental theorem of curves | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental%20theorem%20of%20curves | Fundamental theorem of curves
Fundamental theorem of curves
In differential geometry, the fundamental theorem of space curves states that every regular curve in three-dimensional space, with non-zero curvature, has its shape (and size) completely determined by its curvature and torsion.
# Use.
A curve can be described, and thereby defined, by a pair of scalar fields: curvature formula_1 and torsion formula_2, both of which depend on some parameter which parametrizes the curve but which can ideally be the arc length of the curve. From just the curvature and torsion, the vector fields for the tangent, normal, and binormal vectors can be derived using the Frenet–Serret formulas. Then, integration of the tangent field (done | 27,284 |
1056003 | Fundamental theorem of curves | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fundamental%20theorem%20of%20curves | Fundamental theorem of curves
its curvature and torsion.
# Use.
A curve can be described, and thereby defined, by a pair of scalar fields: curvature formula_1 and torsion formula_2, both of which depend on some parameter which parametrizes the curve but which can ideally be the arc length of the curve. From just the curvature and torsion, the vector fields for the tangent, normal, and binormal vectors can be derived using the Frenet–Serret formulas. Then, integration of the tangent field (done numerically, if not analytically) yields the curve.
# Congruence.
If a pair of curves are in different positions but have the same curvature and torsion, then they are congruent to each other.
# See also.
- Gaussian curvature | 27,285 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
Andre Agassi
Andre Kirk Agassi ( ; born April 29, 1970) is an American retired professional tennis player and former world No. 1 whose career spanned from the late 1980s to the mid-2000s. In singles, Agassi is an eight-time Grand Slam champion and a 1996 Olympic gold medalist, as well as being a runner-up in seven other Grand Slam tournaments. During the Open Era, Agassi was the first male player to win four Australian Open titles, a record that was later surpassed by Novak Djokovic when he won his fifth title in 2015, and then by Roger Federer in 2017. Agassi is one of five male singles players to achieve the Career Grand Slam in the Open Era and one of eight in history, the first of two to | 27,286 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
achieve the Career Golden Slam (Career Grand Slam and Olympic Gold Medal, the other being Rafael Nadal), and the only man to win the Career Golden Slam and the ATP Tour World Championships: a distinction dubbed as a "Career Super Slam" by "Sports Illustrated".
Agassi was the first male player to win all four Grand Slam tournaments on three different surfaces (hard, clay and grass), and the last American male to win both the French Open (in 1999) and the Australian Open (in 2003). He also won 17 ATP Masters Series titles and was part of the winning Davis Cup teams in 1990, 1992 and 1995. Agassi reached the world No. 1 ranking for the first time in 1995 but was troubled by personal issues during | 27,287 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
the mid-to-late 1990s and sank to No. 141 in 1997, prompting many to believe that his career was over. Agassi returned to No. 1 in 1999 and enjoyed the most successful run of his career over the next four years. During his 20-plus year tour career, Agassi was known by the nickname "The Punisher".
After suffering from sciatica caused by two bulging discs in his back, a spondylolisthesis (vertebral displacement) and a bone spur that interfered with the nerve, Agassi retired from professional tennis on September 3, 2006, after losing in the third round of the US Open to Benjamin Becker. He is the founder of the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, which has raised over $60 million for at-risk children | 27,288 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
in Southern Nevada. In 2001, the Foundation opened the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy in Las Vegas, a K-12 public charter school for at-risk children. He has been married to fellow tennis player Steffi Graf since 2001.
## Early life.
Andre Agassi was born in Las Vegas, Nevada to Emmanuel "Mike" Agassi, a former Olympic boxer from Iran and Elizabeth "Betty" Agassi (née Dudley). His father is of Armenian and Assyrian heritage. One of his ancestors changed his surname from Armenian Aghassian to less noticeable Agassi to avoid persecution. Andre Agassi's mother, Betty, is a breast cancer survivor. He has three older siblings – Rita (last wife to Pancho Gonzales), Philip and Tami. Andre | 27,289 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
was given the middle name Kirk after Kirk Kerkorian, an Armenian American billionaire. Agassi, a waiter at Tropicana Las Vegas, met Kerkorian in 1963.
Agassi at the age of 12 (with his good friend and doubles partner Roddy Parks) won the 1982 National Indoor Boys 14s Doubles Championship in Chicago. Agassi describes more of his memorable experiences and juvenile pranks with Roddy in his book "Open".
At the age of 13, Agassi was sent to Nick Bollettieri's Tennis Academy in Florida. He was meant to stay for only three months, because that was all his father could afford. After thirty minutes of watching Agassi play, Bollettieri, deeply impressed by his talent, called Mike and said: "Take your | 27,290 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
check back. He's here for free." Agassi then dropped out of school in the ninth grade to pursue a full-time tennis career.
# International tennis career biography.
### Breakthrough and the first major title.
Agassi turned professional at the age of 16 and competed in his first tournament at La Quinta, California. He won his first match against John Austin, but then lost his second match to Mats Wilander. By the end of 1986, Agassi was ranked No. 91. He won his first top-level singles title in 1987 at the Sul American Open in Itaparica and ended the year ranked No. 25. He won six additional tournaments in 1988 (Memphis, U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships, Forest Hills WCT, Stuttgart Outdoor, | 27,291 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
Volvo International and Livingston Open), and, by December of that year, he had surpassed US$1 million in career prize money after playing in just 43 tournaments—the fastest anyone in history had reached that level. During 1988, he also set the open-era record for most consecutive victories by a male teenager (a record that stood for 17 years until Rafael Nadal broke it in 2005). His year-end ranking was No. 3, behind second-ranked Ivan Lendl and top-ranked Mats Wilander. Both the Association of Tennis Professionals and "Tennis" magazine named Agassi the Most Improved Player of the Year for 1988.
In addition to not playing the Australian Open (which later became his best Grand Slam event) for | 27,292 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
the first eight years of his career, Agassi chose not to play at Wimbledon from 1988 through 1990 and publicly stated that he did not wish to play there because of the event's traditionalism, particularly its "predominantly white" dress code to which players at the event are required to conform.
Strong performances on the tour meant that Agassi was quickly tipped as a future Grand Slam champion. While still a teenager, he reached the semifinals of both the French Open and the US Open in 1988 and made the US Open semifinals in 1989. He began the 1990s with a series of near-misses. He reached his first Grand Slam final in 1990 at the French Open, where he was favored before losing in four sets | 27,293 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
to Andrés Gómez, which he later attributed in his book to worrying about his wig falling off during the match. He reached his second Grand Slam final of the year at the US Open, defeating defending champion Boris Becker in the semifinals. His opponent in the final was Pete Sampras; a year earlier, Agassi had crushed Sampras, after which time he told his coach that he felt bad for Sampras because he was never going to make it as a pro. Agassi lost the US Open final to Sampras in three sets. The rivalry between these two American players became the biggest one in tennis over the rest of the decade. Agassi ended 1990 on high note as he helped the United States win its first Davis Cup in 8 years | 27,294 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
and won his only Tennis Masters Cup, beating reigning Wimbledon champion Stefan Edberg in the final.
In 1991, Agassi reached his second consecutive French Open final, where he faced fellow Bollettieri Academy alumnus Jim Courier. Courier emerged the victor in a five-set final. Agassi decided to play at Wimbledon in 1991, leading to weeks of speculation in the media about the clothes he would wear. He eventually emerged for the first round in a completely white outfit. He reached the quarterfinals on that occasion, losing in five sets to David Wheaton.
Agassi's Grand Slam tournament breakthrough came at Wimbledon, not at the French Open or the US Open, where he had previously enjoyed success. | 27,295 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
In 1992, he defeated Goran Ivanišević in a five-set final. Along the way, Agassi overcame two former Wimbledon champions: Boris Becker and John McEnroe. No other baseliner would triumph at Wimbledon until Lleyton Hewitt ten years later. Agassi was named the BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year in 1992. Agassi once again played on the United States' Davis Cup winning team in 1992. It was their second Davis cup title in three years.
In 1993, Agassi won the only doubles title of his career, at the Cincinnati Masters, partnered with Petr Korda. He missed much of the early part of that year due to injuries. Although he made the quarterfinals in his Wimbledon title defense, he lost to eventual | 27,296 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
champion and No. 1 Pete Sampras in five sets. Agassi lost in the first round at the US Open to Thomas Enqvist and required wrist surgery late in the year.
### Rise to the top, Olympic Gold and the fall.
With new coach Brad Gilbert on board, Agassi began to employ more of a tactical, consistent approach, which fueled his resurgence. He started slowly in 1994, losing in the first week at the French Open and Wimbledon. Nevertheless, he emerged during the hard-court season, winning the Canadian Open. His comeback culminated at the 1994 US Open with a five-set fourth-round victory against Michael Chang. He then became the first man to capture the US Open as an unseeded player, beating Michael | 27,297 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
Stich in the final. Along the way, he beat 5 seeded players.
In 1995, Agassi shaved his balding head, breaking with his old "image is everything" style. He competed in the 1995 Australian Open (his first appearance at the event) and won, beating Sampras in a four-set final. Agassi and Sampras met in five tournament finals in 1995, all on hardcourt, with Agassi winning three. Agassi won three Masters Series events in 1995 (Cincinnati, Key Biscayne, and the Canadian Open) and seven titles total. He compiled a career-best 26-match winning streak during the summer hard-court circuit, with the last victory being in an intense late night four-set semifinal of the US Open against Boris Becker. The | 27,298 |
595 | Andre Agassi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andre%20Agassi | Andre Agassi
streak ended the next day when Agassi lost the final to Sampras.
Agassi reached the world No. 1 ranking for the first time in April 1995. He held that ranking until November, for a total of 30 weeks. Agassi skipped most of the fall indoor season which allowed Sampras to surpass him and finish ranked No. 1 at the year-end ranking. In terms of win/loss record, 1995 was Agassi's best year. He won 73 and lost 9 matches, and was also once again a key player on the United States' Davis Cup winning team—the third and final Davis Cup title of his career.
1996 was a less successful year for Agassi, as he failed to reach any Grand Slam final. He suffered two early-round losses to Chris Woodruff and | 27,299 |
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