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74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra () is the largest city in Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, with 140,297 inhabitants (2018). Zielona Góra has been in Lubusz Voivodeship since 1999, prior to which it was the capital of Zielona Góra Voivodeship from 1950 to 1998. It is the seat of the province's elected asse... | 38,100 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Wine Fest.
The city's history began when Polish Duke Henry the Bearded brought first settlers to the area in 1222. In 1323 Zielona Góra was granted town privileges. The town was incorporated into the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1506. As part of Bohemia, in 1526 it became part of the Habsburg Empire and experien... | 38,101 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Borderlands.
Zielona Góra is surrounded by tree-covered hills and the adjacent woodland alone makes up approximately half of the city's total area. The name of the city itself translates to 'Green Mountain' in both Polish and German. Moreover, Zielona Góra features several tourist attractions and importan... | 38,102 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Polish ruler Mieszko I. The oldest settlement was agricultural and later developed into a trading point along routes from Poznań to Żagań and further to Łużyce. The written records of the Slavic settlement date to 1222 and an increase of its population by Henry the Bearded. Other documents date the settlem... | 38,103 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
town archive of Thorn (Toruń) dating from before 1400 used a sigil with the name "GRVNINBERG", an early form of the German name "Grünberg".
In 1294, Duke Henryk III of Głogów, founded a church in honour of Saint Hedwig, patron saint of Silesia. This building, today called the "konkatedra św. Jadwigi w Zie... | 38,104 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
destroyed the castle to prevent his enemies from using it. The deposition of Duke John II of Żagań in 1488 marked the end of the long rule of the Piast dynasty in the Duchy of Głogów and the city of Zielona Góra. Later on, the duchy was ruled by future Kings of Poland John I Albert and Sigismund I the Old,... | 38,105 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
during the Protestant Reformation through the efforts of Paul Lemberg, Abbot of Sagan. The city declined during the 17th century, especially during the Thirty Years' War (1618–48) and following decades. Grünberg endured plundering, debts, emigration of burghers, and fires. In 1651 during the Counter Reform... | 38,106 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
of Breslau which ended the First Silesian War. The Prussians introduced religious toleration, leading to the construction of the Protestant parish church "Zum Garten Christ" from 1746 to 1747; Catholic Poles were later discriminated against, however. In 1758, during the Seven Years' War, POWs brought the p... | 38,107 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Congress Poland. Among the 19th-century industrialists of Zielona Góra there were also the English.
During industrialisation, many Germans from the countryside moved to large industrial cities and a large number of Poles came to German cities to work as well. The Polish population was pushed by Germanisat... | 38,108 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
established. In 1932 the German authorities did not allow the establishment of a Polish school.
Since 1816 after the Napoleonic Wars, Grünberg was administered within the district "Landkreis Grünberg" in the Province of Silesia. In 1871 it became part of the German Empire during the unification of Germany... | 38,109 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
Province of Lower Silesia within Weimar Germany. On 1 April 1922 it became a district-free city, but this status was revoked on 1 October 1933 while part of Nazi Germany.
The Soviet Red Army occupied Grünberg with little fighting in February 14, 1945 during World War II. In that course, about 500 people c... | 38,110 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
from Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union. The city was officially renamed from the German name "Grünberg" to the historic Polish name "Zielona Góra" — both of which mean "Green Mountain" — and the 18th-century Protestant church was reconsecrated as a Catholic church ("Kościół Matki Boskiej Częstochows... | 38,111 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
known for its wines for centuries. It is now one of two places in Poland with wine grape cultivation mainly for white wines (the other being the wine growing region near the town of Warka in Masovia). The first wineries around the city were built in 1314. At Paradyż ("Paradise") Abbey near Zielona Góra, mo... | 38,112 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
closed in the early 1990s).
Vodka "Luksusowa" (namely: Luxury vodka), made from potatoes rather than grain, is produced in distillery in Zielona Góra.
# Climate.
The climate is oceanic (Köppen: "Cfb") with some humid continental characteristics ("Dfb") in normals previous to 1981–2010. Despite being som... | 38,113 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
type of educational facility.
- I High School
- III High School
- IV High School
- V High School
- Seventh General Lyceum
- Schools of Electronics
- Schools of Economics
## Universities and colleges.
- University of Zielona Góra
- College of International Trade and Finance
# Transport.
Zielona ... | 38,114 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
and Krakow, main cities of the surrounding regions: Poznań, Szczecin and Wrocław as well as direct international connections to Berlin, Vienna.
The city lies at the junction of National Road 3, National Road 27 and National Road 32 and is a major interchange on S3 Expressway along European route E65.
# E... | 38,115 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
one of the most successful Polish speedway clubs.
# International relations.
## Twin towns — Sister cities.
Zielona Góra is twinned with:
# People.
- Bartholomaeus Pitiscus (born 1561; died 1613), mathematician, theologian, astronomer
- Abraham Scultetus (born 1566; died 1625), theologian
- Tadeusz ... | 38,116 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
bicyclist
- Maria Gładkowska (born 1957), actress
- Olga Tokarczuk (born 1962), journalist
- Tomasz Lis (born 1966), journalist
- Mariusz Linke (born 1969), mixed martial arts fighter and world-class grappler
- Grzegorz Halama (born 1970), comedian
- Agnieszka Haupe-Kalka (born 1970), writer
- Piotr... | 38,117 |
74687 | Zielona Góra | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zielona%20Góra | Zielona Góra
), journalist
- Tomasz Lis (born 1966), journalist
- Mariusz Linke (born 1969), mixed martial arts fighter and world-class grappler
- Grzegorz Halama (born 1970), comedian
- Agnieszka Haupe-Kalka (born 1970), writer
- Piotr Protasiewicz (born 1975), Speedway Rider
- Grzegorz Zengota (born 1988), Spee... | 38,118 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Mary Lou Retton
Mary Lou Retton (born January 24, 1968) is a retired American gymnast. At the boycotted 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, she won a gold medal in the individual all-around competition, as well as two silver medals and two bronze medals. Her performance made her one of the most popula... | 38,119 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Fairmont Senior High School, but did not graduate. She competed in the 1984 Olympic games in Los Angeles, California, during her sophomore year of high school. She grew up in a Christian home. She and her family attend Second Baptist Church Houston.
Retton lived in Houston, Texas, until 2009, when her ... | 38,120 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Emma (b. 2002).
Retton divorced her husband in February 2018.
# Gymnastics career.
Retton was inspired by watching Nadia Comăneci outshine defending Olympic two-event winner Olga Korbut on television at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, when she herself was eight years of age, and she took up gym... | 38,121 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Károlyi student) at the US Nationals that same year. Though Retton missed the World Gymnastics Championships in 1983 due to a wrist injury, she won the American Classic in 1983 and 1984, as well as Japan's Chunichi Cup in 1983.
After winning her second American Cup, the U.S. Nationals, and the U.S. Oly... | 38,122 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
recovered just in time for this most prestigious of tournaments, and in the competition, which was boycotted by the Soviet bloc nations except for Romania, Retton was engaged in a close battle with Ecaterina Szabo of Romania for the all-around gold medal. Trailing Szabo (after uneven bars and balance be... | 38,123 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
first female gymnast from outside Eastern Europe to win the individual all-around gold.
At the same Olympics, Retton won four additional medals: silver in the team competition and the horse vault, and bronze in the floor exercise and uneven bars. For her performance, she was named "Sports Illustrated" ... | 38,124 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
She appeared in a variety of televised ads supporting Ronald Reagan as well as appearing at a rally for Reagan's reelection campaign just a month after the Olympics in her home state of West Virginia. Retton delivered the Pledge of Allegiance with fellow former gymnast and 1996 Olympic gold medalist Ker... | 38,125 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Italian American Sports Hall of Fame in 1992.
In 1993, the Associated Press released results of a sports study in which Retton was statistically tied for first place with fellow Olympian Dorothy Hamill as the most popular athlete in America.
In 1997, Retton was inducted into the International Gymnasti... | 38,126 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
In 2019, Retton became a spokesperson for Australian Dream, a pain relief cream. She is a frequent analyst for televised gymnastics and attended The University of Texas at Austin after the Olympics.
## The USA Gymnastics scandal.
Retton was thrust back into the spotlight when the USA Gymnastics sex ab... | 38,127 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
Safe Sport Authorization of 2017 was signed into law and became effective immediately.
# TV appearances.
- 1985: "ABC Funfit"; hosted a series of five-minute segments on physical fitness which were broadcast between Saturday morning cartoons.
- 1988: "Scrooged"; as herself.
- 1992: "Knots Landing"; ... | 38,128 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
the Stars", partnered with Sasha Farber. Eliminated Week 6 - 9th Place
# Medical conditions.
Retton was born with hip dysplasia, a condition that her years as a competitive gymnast aggravated. After experiencing increased pain from the condition, she underwent hip replacement surgery on her left hip i... | 38,129 |
74728 | Mary Lou Retton | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary%20Lou%20Retton | Mary Lou Retton
"The Retton Flip." This consisted of a transition (front flip) from low- to high-bar, resulting in the gymnast perched or "sitting" on top of the high bar. This move, and many others like it, were removed from the Code of Points of artistic gymnastics due to old-style "belly beat" moves having ceased to... | 38,130 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
Act of Congress
An Act of Congress is a statute enacted by the United States Congress. It can either be a Public Law, relating to the general public, or a Private Law, relating to specific institutions or individuals.
The term can be used in other countries with a legislature named "Congress", such as... | 38,131 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
to the sequential order of the bill (when it was enacted). For example, P. L. 111-5 (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009) was the fifth enacted public law of the 111th United States Congress. Public laws are also often abbreviated as Pub. L. No. X-Y.
When the legislation of those two kinds i... | 38,132 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
contexts, which has its roots in the 18th century capitalization of all nouns as is seen in the United States Constitution.
"Act of Congress" is sometimes used in informal speech to indicate something for which getting permission is burdensome. For example, "It takes an Act of Congress to get a buildin... | 38,133 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
Congress after a presidential veto during its session. (A bill must receive a majority vote in both houses to override a president's veto.)
The President promulgates Acts of Congress made by the first two methods. If an Act is made by the third method, the presiding officer of the house that last recon... | 38,134 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
a bill or resolution while the Congress is in session, a two-thirds vote of both houses of the Congress is needed for reconsideration to be successful.
Promulgation in the sense of publishing and proclaiming the law is accomplished by the President, or the relevant presiding officer in the case of an o... | 38,135 |
74746 | Act of Congress | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Act%20of%20Congress | Act of Congress
ted States Code.
An Act of Congress that violates the Constitution may be declared unconstitutional by the courts. The judicial declaration of an Act's unconstitutionality does not remove the law from the statute books; rather, it prevents the law from being enforced. However, future publications of th... | 38,136 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
Ptolemy of Mauretania
Ptolemy of Mauretania (, "Ptolemaîos"; ; 13 9BC–AD40) was the last Roman client king and ruler of Mauretania for Rome. He was a member of the Berber Massyles tribe of Numidia; via his mother Cleopatra Selene II, he was also a member of Egypt's Ptolemaic dynasty.
# Life.
##... | 38,137 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
father Juba II was the son of King Juba I of Numidia, who was descended from the Berbers of North Africa and was an ally to the Roman Triumvir Pompey. His mother Cleopatra Selene II was the daughter of the Ptolemaic Greek Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and the Roman Triumvir Mark Antony. Ptolemy was... | 38,138 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
to the Emperor Caligula, the Empress Agrippina the Younger, the Empress Valeria Messalina and the Emperor Nero.
Ptolemy was most probably born in Caesaria, the capital of the Kingdom of Mauretania (modern Cherchell, Algeria) in the Roman Empire. He was named in honor of his mother's ancestors, in... | 38,139 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
instead of a Berber ancestral name, she offers an example rare in ancient history, especially in the case of a son who is the primary male heir, of reaching into the mother's family instead of the father's for a name. This emphasized the idea that his mother was the heiress of the Ptolemies and th... | 38,140 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
over a circle of various princes and princesses which assisted in the political preservation of the Roman Empire's borders and affairs of the client states. Antonia Minor, the youngest daughter of Mark Antony and the youngest niece of Emperor Augustus, was a half-sister of Ptolemy's late mother, a... | 38,141 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
his son. On coinage, on one side there is a central bust of JubaII with his title in Latin " ‘King Juba’". On the other side there is a central bust of Ptolemy and the inscription stating in Latin " ‘King Ptolemy son of Juba’". JubaII died in 23 and was placed alongside Cleopatra SeleneII in the R... | 38,142 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
dedicated statues of himself on the Acropolis. The Athenians honored Ptolemy and his family with inscriptions dedicated to them, and this reveals that the Athenians had respect towards the Roman Client Monarchs and their families which was common in the 1st century.
In the year 17, the local Berb... | 38,143 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
Cornelius Dolabella, and his army to assist Ptolemy in ending the revolt. The war finally ended in 24. Although Ptolemy's army and the Romans won, both parties suffered considerable losses of infantry and cavalry.
The Roman Senate, impressed by Ptolemy's loyal conduct, had sent a Roman senator to... | 38,144 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
popular monarch with the Berbers and had travelled extensively throughout the Roman Empire, including Alexandria, Egypt and Ostia, Italy.
In Caesaria, prayers were offered for the health of Ptolemy at the Temple of Saturn "frugifer dues". Mauretania was a region that was abundant in agriculture a... | 38,145 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
originated from Egypt where there were various imperial cults dedicated to the Pharaohs and their relatives, and there is a possibility that his father's Royal Numidian ancestors may have had imperial cults dedicated to them.
A surviving inscription in Mauretania hints that either JubaII or Ptole... | 38,146 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
could have deified JubaII after his death is from the writings of the Christian author of the 3rd century Marcus Minucius Felix. In Felix's "Octavius", the writer records a dialogue between a Christian and a pagan from Cirta. This dialogue was part of a Christian argument that divinity is impossib... | 38,147 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
worshiping their kings and did not conceal their name by any disguise. According to the surviving evidence there is a strong probability that JubaII and Ptolemy were deified by the Berbers after their deaths.
Coinage from Ptolemy's sole reign is very different from those during the time Ptolemy c... | 38,148 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
when they ruled Mauretania. The elephant has symbolic functions: an icon representing Africa and an iconic monetary characteristic from the Hellenistic period which displays influence and power. Another animal Ptolemy uses on coins is a lion leaping, which is a symbol of animal kingship and is ano... | 38,149 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
is an eagle with its wings displayed on a thunderbolt, and Ptolemy's initials are inscribed in Latin. Through his father's central bust and inscription, Ptolemy is celebrating and showing the continuation of his family and rule, while honoring his paternal ancestry. The personification of his fath... | 38,150 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
which is a wreath and a scepter leaning against it. On the other side of the coin, Ptolemy is wearing a fillet on his head.
Ptolemy seemed to have had expensive tastes and enjoyed luxury items. He owned a custom-made citrus wood wine table. Mauretania had many citrus trees and produced many citru... | 38,151 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
Homs, Syria). Ptolemy married Julia Urania at an unknown date during the 1st century. She bore Ptolemy, in about 38, a daughter called Drusilla.
## Death.
The Kingdom of Mauretania was one of the wealthiest Roman client kingdoms, and after 24 Ptolemy continued to reign without interruption. In l... | 38,152 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
of these are inspired by Suetonius's claim about the purple cloak, while others are independent of the claims of the ancient historians, for example the idea that Ptolemy may have been implicated in a plot by Gaetulicus or Caligula wanted to exert greater control over Mauretania.
After Ptolemy's ... | 38,153 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
revolt. Mauretania was divided into two provinces which were Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis.
Much prior to Ptolemy's death, Caligula had sent a man to him with a message stating: "Do nothing at all, neither good or bad, to the bearer." Claudius tried a Roman senator called Gaius... | 38,154 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
belonged to Ptolemy. There is a nude statue of him, dated from the 1st century, which is on display at the Rabat Museum in Morocco. His sculpted images are of a youthful appearance and particularly those first portraits created during the reign of JubaII virtually show his relations to the Julio-C... | 38,155 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
M. "The Reign of Cleopatra", University of Oklahoma Press December 30, 2007
- Nikos Kokkinos, Antonia Augusta: Portrait of a Great Roman Lady (London; New York: Routledge 1992)
- Michael Brett & Elizabeth Fentress, The Berbers, Blackwell Publishers 1997
- John Williams Humphrey, John Peter Oles... | 38,156 |
74702 | Ptolemy of Mauretania | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy%20of%20Mauretania | Ptolemy of Mauretania
hael Brett & Elizabeth Fentress, The Berbers, Blackwell Publishers 1997
- John Williams Humphrey, John Peter Oleson & Andrew N. Sherwood. Contributors: John Peter Oleson and Andrew N. Sherwood: Greek and Roman Technology: A Sourcebook: Annotated Translations of Greek Texts and Documents, Routledg... | 38,157 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Jim Rice
James Edward Rice (born March 8, 1953), nicknamed "Jim Ed", is a former Major League Baseball left fielder and designated hitter who played his entire 16-year baseball career for the Boston Red Sox.
Rice was an eight-time American League (AL) All-Star and was named the AL's Most Valuable Player in a... | 38,158 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
seasons with 20 home runs. He also led the league in home runs three times, RBIs and slugging percentage twice each.
In the late 1970s he was part of one of the sport's great outfields along with Fred Lynn and Dwight Evans (who was his teammate for his entire career); Rice continued the tradition of his prede... | 38,159 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
his Boston records for career runs scored, at bats and extra base hits by a right-handed hitter. When Rice retired, his 1,503 career games in left field ranked seventh in AL history. Rice was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 26, 2009, as the 103rd member voted in by the BBWAA.
# Notable seasons... | 38,160 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
time, and were known as the "Gold Dust Twins". He was promoted in the Red Sox organization to be a full-time player in 1975, and finished in second place for the American League's Rookie of the Year honors, and third in the Most Valuable Player voting, after he finished the season with 174 base hits, 102 runs ... | 38,161 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
National League (NL).
In 1978, Rice won the Most Valuable Player award in a campaign where he hit .315 (third in the league) and led the league in home runs (46), RBI (139), hits (213), triples (15), total bases (406, a Red Sox record) and slugging percentage (.600). He is one of only two AL players ever to l... | 38,162 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
until 1997, when Larry Walker had 409 in the NL. No AL player has done it since Rice in 1978, and his total remains the third highest by an AL right-handed hitter, behind DiMaggio and Jimmie Foxx (438 in ).
In 1986, Rice had 200 hits, batted .324, and had 110 RBIs. The Red Sox made it to the World Series for ... | 38,163 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Series appearance by Boston which they lost in seven games.
# Career accomplishments.
Rice led the AL in home runs three times (1977, 1978, 1983), in RBI twice (1978, 1983), in slugging percentage twice (1977, 1978), and in total bases four times (1977–1979, 1983). He also picked up Silver Slugger Awards in ... | 38,164 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
1983–1986). In addition to winning the American League MVP award in 1978, he finished in the top five in MVP voting five other times (1975, 1977, 1979, 1983, 1986).
Rice is the only player in history to lead the league in HRs, RBIs, and triples in the same year. He is also the only player in major league hist... | 38,165 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
homers, RBIs, slugging percentage, total bases, extra base hits, go-ahead RBIs, multi-hit games, and outfield assists. Among all major league players during that time, Rice was the leader in five of these categories (Mike Schmidt is next, having led in four).
In 1984 he set a major league single-season record... | 38,166 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
matching Hall of Famer Ernie Lombardi for the major league record. The on-base prowess of Rice's teammates placed him in a double play situation over 2,000 times during his career, almost once for every game he played. Rice posted a batting average of .310 and slugging percentage of .515 in those situations, b... | 38,167 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Ritter and Donald Honig included him in their book "The 100 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time".
Rice was an accomplished left fielder, finishing his career with a fielding percentage of .980 and had 137 outfield assists (comparable to Ted Williams' figures of .974 and 140). Although never possessing great... | 38,168 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
was retired by the Red Sox in a pre-game ceremony on July 28, 2009.
# Community activities.
Rice was associated with a variety of charitable organizations during his career, primarily on behalf of children, some of which have carried on into his retirement. He was named an honorary chairman of The Jimmy Fund... | 38,169 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Inner Cities) resulted in the naming of a new youth baseball facility in Roxbury, Massachusetts, in his honor in 1999. A youth recreation center in Rice's hometown of Anderson, South Carolina, is also named in his honor.
Rice's most notable humanitarian accomplishment occurred during a nationally televised ga... | 38,170 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
and into the clubhouse, where the young boy could be treated by the team's medical staff. Thanks to Rice's swift response, Keane made a full recovery from the injury.
# Retirement activities.
In 1990, Rice agreed to play with the St. Petersburg Pelicans of the short-lived Senior Professional Baseball Associa... | 38,171 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Baseball All-Star Games, both under the same manager, the New York Yankees' Joe Torre. Since 2003, he's also been employed as a commentator for the New England Sports Network (NESN), where he contributes to the Red Sox pre-game and post-game shows. He had a cameo appearance in the NESN movie "Wait Till This Ye... | 38,172 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
On November 29, 2008, the Boston chapter of the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) announced that Rice would be the recipient of the Emil Fuchs Award for long and meritorious service to baseball.
During his Hall of Fame acceptance speech Rice revealed that he is a devoted fan of "The Young and t... | 38,173 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Over the years he was on the BBWAA ballot, he received 3,974 total votes, the most ever collected by any player that was voted on for baseball's highest honor. In 2006 and 2007, he received over 63% of votes cast. Rice just missed being elected in 2008 when the count found him on 72.2% of the ballots, only 2.8... | 38,174 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
during his career. The delay may also have been related to his often difficult relationship with the media during his playing career, many of whom are still voting members of the BBWAA, and his career fading relatively early – he last played in the major leagues at the age of 36. Some writers, such as the "Bos... | 38,175 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
year since the 2003 ballot, improving his vote totals by 133 votes over the last five years on the ballot. However, from several sabermetric standpoints (not including Black Ink, Gray Ink or HOF Monitor) it can be argued that Rice falls short of his peers in the Hall of Fame. Nevertheless, several commentators... | 38,176 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
other players have compiled career statistics more similar to Rice's, most notably 1999 Hall inductee Orlando Cepeda, perhaps the most similar player to Rice was 1968 inductee Joe Medwick. Both were power-hitting left fielders who batted right-handed and played their home games in stadiums which favored hitter... | 38,177 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
percentage, slugging percentage, extra base hits and total bases are all fairly similar, with notable differences only in batting average and home runs; Medwick's higher average (.324 to .298) can be partially attributed to the higher emphasis on batting average in the 1930s, while Rice's advantage in home run... | 38,178 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame
- List of Major League Baseball career hits leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career runs scored leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career runs batted in leaders
- List of Major League Baseball career total bases leaders
- List of Major League Baseball annual runs ba... | 38,179 |
74712 | Jim Rice | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jim%20Rice | Jim Rice
ntire career with one franchise
- Major League Baseball titles leaders
# References.
- "Official Website of the Boston Red Sox"
- "Ted Williams Museum Hitters Hall of Fame"
- "Cooperstown Calls For Henderson, Rice"
# External links.
, or Retrosheet
- SABR BioProject biography
- Biography and career hi... | 38,180 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
List of Navarrese monarchs
This is a list of the kings and queens of Pamplona, later Navarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union with Aragon (1076–1134). However, the territorial designation Navarre came into use as an alternative name in the late tenth century, and... | 38,181 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
to refer to the Christian realms outside their control. They were supplanted in 905 when an anti-Cordoba coalition placed their successor Jiménez dynasty in power.
# House of Jiménez, 905–1234.
In 905, a coalition of neighbors forced Fortún Garcés to retire to a monastery, and enthroned in ... | 38,182 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
advantage to reestablish an independent monarchy, crowning a grandnephew (through an illegitimate brother) of the assassinated Sancho IV.
# House of Champagne, 1234–1284.
The death of Sancho VII, the last of the Jiménez kings, led to the crown of Navarre being inherited by the son of his si... | 38,183 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
assumed the throne of France a year later as "King of France and Navarre".
## House of Évreux, 1328–1441.
After the deaths of Louis and his infant son John, his brothers Philip and Charles held the crowns of France and Navarre until their own deaths. At that time, the crown of France passed... | 38,184 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
older brother; after his death, the Navarrese crown was given to Eleanor, the only living child of him and Blanche, while his Aragonese crown was given to Ferdinand II of Aragon, son of John and his second wife Juana Enríquez.
## Titular King and Queen of Navarre.
After Blanche's death in 1... | 38,185 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
Foix, 1479–1517.
Eleanor, who had allied with her father against her brother and sister, outlived her father by only three weeks. By that time she was the widow of Gaston IV, Count of Foix, and their oldest son Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana had also died. She was thus succeeded by her gran... | 38,186 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
the half-brother of Catherine's grandmother Eleanor, was then crowned King of Navarre, and that branch of the title descended through the Aragonese and Spanish monarchs. Catherine and John III were left with Lower Navarre, that small fraction of the kingdom's former territory that is on the n... | 38,187 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
small fraction of the kingdom's former territory that is on the north side of the Pyrenees, which was united with other lands in France that were under their control.
## House of Bourbon, 1572–1620.
Jeanne III reigned together with her husband Antoine until his death, and then alone until h... | 38,188 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
Current claimants.
- Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou, is the current Legitimist claimant to the kingdoms of France and Navarre. His claim to the Navarrese throne is based on its unification with the French throne under Louis XIII, excluding any subsequent female succession.
- Jean, Count of P... | 38,189 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
the majority of the ancient kingdom by Ferdinand II of Aragon.
- Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma claims the title King of Navarre as all titles of the Hispanic Monarchy based on the conquest of the ancient kingdom by Ferdinand II of Aragon. He considers himself legitimate successor about the t... | 38,190 |
74732 | List of Navarrese monarchs | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20Navarrese%20monarchs | List of Navarrese monarchs
of Aragon.
- Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma claims the title King of Navarre as all titles of the Hispanic Monarchy based on the conquest of the ancient kingdom by Ferdinand II of Aragon. He considers himself legitimate successor about the traditional laws of Catholic Monarchy of Spains of Ca... | 38,191 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
Veghel
Veghel () is a town and a former municipality in the southern Netherlands. On 1 January 2017 Veghel, together with Schijndel and Sint-Oedenrode, merged into a new municipality called Meierijstad creating the largest municipality of the province North-Brabant in terms of land area.
# History.
The first ... | 38,192 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
right to use common grounds. For some decades in the 16th and 17th century the municipality was ruled by the Lords Van Erp, residing at their castle of Frisselsteijn in Veghel.
In 1648 Veghel became part of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. As a former part of the Duchy of Brabant, Veghel is situate... | 38,193 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
by the States General of the Netherlands, receiving the privilege of holding weekly markets and four annual fairs. However, it was not until the French wars of 1795 that Veghel formally received freedom of religion again and received a guarantee of full common rights from the Dutch government. In 1810 Veghel bec... | 38,194 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
centre of health care and education, which it remains to this day.
In 1940 Veghel was occupied by German troops. With the beginning of Operation Market Garden in 1944 Veghel was one of the dropping-places for Allied paratroops owing to its strategic location.
The period since the 1950s has seen much growth, wi... | 38,195 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
district with several secondary schools, a senior secondary vocational school, and one of the oldest higher vocational schools in the area: the Pedagogic Academy, which was founded in 1872.
Since 1994, Veghel and the neighbouring town of Erp have formed a single municipality.
# Demographics.
## Towns.
Popula... | 38,196 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
More than 22% of the town's population, or 17% of the municipality's population, is of foreign origin. In total, Veghel is home to people of more than a hundred different nationalities. About 90% of the municipality's total foreign population lives inside the town proper of Veghel.
# Local festivals.
Every Nov... | 38,197 |
74731 | Veghel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veghel | Veghel
graveyard containing war graves
- The neorenaissance former town hall
- The neogothic former synagogue (recently rebuilt)
- The Protestant church
- The monastery of the order of the Franciscans with its gardens and church
# Notable residents.
- Anky van Grunsven, Dressage champion.
- Dillianne van den Boo... | 38,198 |
74761 | Miller cycle | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miller%20cycle | Miller cycle
Miller cycle
In engineering, the Miller cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used in a type of internal combustion engine. The Miller cycle was patented by Ralph Miller, an American engineer, US patent 2817322 dated Dec 24, 1957. The engine may be two- or four-stroke and may be run on diesel fuel, gases, or dua... | 38,199 |
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