wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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20282 | Mechanized infantry | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mechanized%20infantry | Mechanized infantry
infantry in such combined arms formations was increased by most armies as the war progressed.
The lesson was re-learned, first by the Pakistani Army in the 1965 War with India, where the nation fielded two different types of armored divisions: one which was almost exclusively armor (the 1st), while... | 49,100 |
20282 | Mechanized infantry | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mechanized%20infantry | Mechanized infantry
). The latter division showed itself to be far more combat capable than the former.
Having achieved spectacular successes in the offensive with tank-heavy formations during the Six-Day War, the Israel Defense Forces found in the Yom Kippur War of 1973 that a doctrine that relied primarily on tanks ... | 49,101 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
Mainframe computer
Mainframe computers or mainframes (colloquially referred to as "big iron") are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processin... | 49,102 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
computer system architectures were established in the 1960s, but continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers.
# Design.
Modern mainframe design is characterized less by raw computational speed and more by:
- Redundant internal engineering resulting in high reliability and sec... | 49,103 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
for very long periods of time, with mean time between failures (MTBF) measured in decades.
Mainframes have high availability, one of the primary reasons for their longevity, since they are typically used in applications where downtime would be costly or catastrophic. The term reliability, availabili... | 49,104 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
the most secure with vulnerabilities in the low single digits as compared with thousands for Windows, UNIX, and Linux. Software upgrades usually require setting up the operating system or portions thereof, and are non-disruptive only when using virtualizing facilities such as IBM z/OS and Parallel Sy... | 49,105 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
customer billing, most of which were based on repeated tape-based sorting and merging operations followed by line printing to preprinted continuous stationery. When interactive user terminals were introduced, they were used almost exclusively for applications (e.g. airline booking) rather than progra... | 49,106 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
terminals and specialized text terminal CRT displays with integral keyboards, or later from personal computers equipped with terminal emulation software. By the 1980s, many mainframes supported graphic display terminals, and terminal emulation, but not graphical user interfaces. This form of end-user... | 49,107 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
bipolar technology. IBM claimed that its newer mainframes reduced data center energy costs for power and cooling, and reduced physical space requirements compared to server farms.
# Characteristics.
Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time. This t... | 49,108 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
can add or hot swap system capacity without disrupting system function, with specificity and granularity to a level of sophistication not usually available with most server solutions. Modern mainframes, notably the IBM zSeries, System z9 and System z10 servers, offer two levels of virtualization: log... | 49,109 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
can run on a single machine, except for extremely large demands where the capacity of one machine might be limiting. Such a two-mainframe installation can support continuous business service, avoiding both planned and unplanned outages. In practice many customers use multiple mainframes linked either... | 49,110 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
the CPU free to deal only with high-speed memory. It is common in mainframe shops to deal with massive databases and files. Gigabyte to terabyte-size record files are not unusual. Compared to a typical PC, mainframes commonly have hundreds to thousands of times as much data storage online, and can ac... | 49,111 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
have execution integrity characteristics for fault tolerant computing. For example, z900, z990, System z9, and System z10 servers effectively execute result-oriented instructions twice, compare results, arbitrate between any differences (through instruction retry and failure isolation), then shift wo... | 49,112 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
as financial transaction processing.
# Current market.
IBM, with z Systems, continues to be a major manufacturer in the mainframe market. Unisys manufactures ClearPath Libra mainframes, based on earlier Burroughs MCP products and ClearPath Dorado mainframes based on Sperry Univac OS 1100 product li... | 49,113 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
in Europe, and Fujitsu (formerly Amdahl) GS21 mainframes globally. NEC with ACOS and Hitachi with AP10000-VOS3 still maintain mainframe hardware businesses in the Japanese market.
The amount of vendor investment in mainframe development varies with market share. Fujitsu and Hitachi both continue to ... | 49,114 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
research and development organization designing new, homegrown CPUs, including mainframe processors such as 2012's 5.5 GHz six-core zEC12 mainframe microprocessor. Unisys produces code compatible mainframe systems that range from laptops to cabinet-sized mainframes that utilize homegrown CPUs as well... | 49,115 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
produced mainframe computers from the late 1950s through the 1970s. The US group of manufacturers was first known as "IBM and the Seven Dwarfs": usually Burroughs, UNIVAC, NCR, Control Data, Honeywell, General Electric and RCA, although some lists varied. Later, with the departure of General Electric... | 49,116 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
can trace their roots to this early period. While IBM's zSeries can still run 24-bit System/360 code, the 64-bit zSeries and System z9 CMOS servers have nothing physically in common with the older systems. Notable manufacturers outside the US were Siemens and Telefunken in Germany, ICL in the United ... | 49,117 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
to Honeywell; between 1986 and 1990 Honeywell was bought out by Bull; UNIVAC became a division of Sperry, which later merged with Burroughs to form Unisys Corporation in 1986.
During the 1980s, minicomputer-based systems grew more sophisticated and were able to displace the lower-end of the mainfram... | 49,118 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
used for interacting with mainframe systems were gradually replaced by personal computers. Consequently, demand plummeted and new mainframe installations were restricted mainly to financial services and government. In the early 1990s, there was a rough consensus among industry analysts that the mainf... | 49,119 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
trend started to turn around in the late 1990s as corporations found new uses for their existing mainframes and as the price of data networking collapsed in most parts of the world, encouraging trends toward more centralized computing. The growth of e-business also dramatically increased the number o... | 49,120 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
mainframe systems in 1999 and is typically run in scores or up to ~ 8,000 virtual machines on a single mainframe. Linux allows users to take advantage of open source software combined with mainframe hardware RAS. Rapid expansion and development in emerging markets, particularly People's Republic of C... | 49,121 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
as Cognos and introduced those software products to the mainframe. IBM's quarterly and annual reports in the 2000s usually reported increasing mainframe revenues and capacity shipments. However, IBM's mainframe hardware business has not been immune to the recent overall downturn in the server hardwar... | 49,122 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
IBM System z9. However, IBM's successor to the z9, the z10, led a New York Times reporter to state four years earlier that "mainframe technology — hardware, software and services — remains a large and lucrative business for I.B.M., and mainframes are still the back-office engines behind the world’s f... | 49,123 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
Supercomputers are used for scientific and engineering problems (high-performance computing) which crunch numbers and data, while mainframes focus on transaction processing. The differences are:
- Mainframes are built to be reliable for transaction processing (measured by TPC-metrics; not used or he... | 49,124 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
operations including disk read/writes, operating system calls, or some form of data transfer from one subsystem to another which is not measured by the processing speed of the CPU. Transaction processing is not exclusive to mainframes but is also used by microprocessor-based servers and online networ... | 49,125 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
include adding numbers together, checking values or moving data around in memory (while moving information to and from storage, so-called I/O is most helpful for mainframes; and within memory, only helping indirectly). Floating point operations are mostly addition, subtraction, and multiplication (of... | 49,126 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
powerful.
Mainframes and supercomputers cannot always be clearly distinguished; up until the early 1990s, many supercomputers were based on a mainframe architecture with supercomputing extensions. An example of such a system is the HITAC S-3800, which was instruction-set compatible with IBM System/3... | 49,127 |
20266 | Mainframe computer | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mainframe%20computer | Mainframe computer
VOS3 operating system (a fork of IBM MVS). The S-3800 therefore can be seen as being both simultaneously a supercomputer and also an IBM-compatible mainframe.
In 2007, an amalgamation of the different technologies and architectures for supercomputers and mainframes has led to the so-called gameframe... | 49,128 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
MultiMate
MultiMate was a word processor developed by Multimate International for IBM PC MS-DOS computers in the early 1980s.
# History.
With 1,000 computers, Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance was one of the first large-volume customers for the IBM PC. It hired W. H. Jones & Associates to write word-proces... | 49,129 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
while renaming WordMate to MultiMate. Advertisements stated that MultiMate "mimic[ked] the features and functions of a dedicated system", and that it was "modeled after the Wang word processor". Like Connecticut Mutual, many customers purchased it because of the similarity with the Wang.
MultiMate was not ma... | 49,130 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
and labels color-coded the combination keystrokes using the SHIFT, ALT and CTRL keys with all 10 of the PC's function keys and many of the character keys. Like Wang systems, MultiMate controlled most editing operations with function keys, assigning four functions to each of the 10 function keys, which IBM ini... | 49,131 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
grew. In January 1983 some employees were paid late because of slow sales, but two months later revenue grew 25-fold after good reviews appeared in magazines. The company's fiscal 1984 sales were $15 million or more, and by early 1985 MultiMate's installed base in companies was as large as former market leade... | 49,132 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
MultiMate for different PC clone MS-DOS computers, and for use on Novell, 3COM and IBM's PC Token Ring networks. Early attempts to create a MultiMate Data Manager and List Manager in-house never reached the market.
Multimate International developed the core word processing software and utilities (file conver... | 49,133 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
the word processor. The last version of MultiMate was packaged with many of these add-on programs under the product name "MultiMate Advantage" to compete with other word processor software of the day, especially IBM DisplayWrite for DOS, which Multimate International developers saw as their main competition i... | 49,134 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
laptop and the IBM PC Junior.
The detailed MultiMate word processor documentation, which quickly grew to three volumes, gave the product a solid "office production" feel, using high-quality paper with its main reference section presented in a padded binder with fold-out easel. (A company legend was that the ... | 49,135 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
keyboard with dedicated function keys and issued versions of its software for networked PCs. It adapted list-management, graphics and outlining software from other vendors to the look-and-feel of MultiMate, shipping the expanded version as MultiMate Advantage, with additional volumes of MultiMate-style docume... | 49,136 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
each of which required its own printer driver. Such printer support was very strong with daisy-wheel and dot-matrix printers, but did not take much advantage of the development of PostScript fonts and laser printers.
Ashton-Tate never released a Windows version. It discontinued MultiMate's development effort... | 49,137 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
inability to use more than 128K of RAM, but praised the documentation and built-in help, and stated that many commands required half the keystrokes of the WordStar equivalent. The review concluded "MultiMate stands head and shoulders above many if not most [IBM PC word processors] ... an impressive entrant".
... | 49,138 |
20289 | MultiMate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MultiMate | MultiMate
es of the WordStar equivalent. The review concluded "MultiMate stands head and shoulders above many if not most [IBM PC word processors] ... an impressive entrant".
"BYTE" in 1984 was less positive. It described version 3.20 as being "very safe" because of many backups and safeguards and praised the formatti... | 49,139 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word (or simply Word) is a word processor developed by Microsoft. It was first released on October 25, 1983 under the name "Multi-Tool Word" for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), Apple Macintos... | 49,140 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
limited features.
# History.
## Origins.
In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi, the primary developer of Bravo, the first GUI word processor, which was developed at Xerox PARC. Simonyi started work on a word processor called "Multi-Tool Word" and soon hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, wh... | 49,141 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to be used with a mouse. Advertisements depicted the Microsoft Mouse, and described Word as a WYSIWYG, windowed word processor with the ability to undo and display bold, italic, and underlined text, although it could not render fonts. It was not initially... | 49,142 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
displays and laser printers, even though none were yet available to the general public. Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true WYSIWYG features. It fulfilled a need for a word processor that was more capable than MacWrite. After its release, Word for Mac OS's sales... | 49,143 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Format (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Within a few months, Word 3.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01, which was mailed free to all registered users of 3.0. After MacWrite Pro was discontinued in the mid-1990s, Word for Mac OS never had any serious rivals. Word 5.1 for Mac OS, re... | 49,144 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of Windows 3.0 the following year, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers. In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a ve... | 49,145 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Word from the ground up. Both the Windows and Mac OS versions would start from the same code base. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development team too long to rewrite and then catch up with all the new capabilities that could have been added in the same time without a rewr... | 49,146 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
which automatically fixed certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g., from "InfoWorld"), the Mac OS version was widely derided. Many accused it of being slow, clumsy and memory intensive, and its... | 49,147 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market. Word files are commonly used as the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer can read a Word document by using the Word application, a... | 49,148 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
2010 allows more customization of the Ribbon, adds a Backstage view for file management, has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots, and integrates with Word Web App.
## Word for Mac.
The Mac was introduced January 24, 1984 and Microsoft introduced Word 1.0 for Mac a... | 49,149 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
as described above. Word 4.0 came out November 6, 1990, and added automatic linking with Excel, the ability to flow text around graphics and a WYSIWYG page view editing mode.
Word 5.1 for Mac, released in 1992 ran on the original 68000 CPU, and was the last to be specifically designed as a Macintosh app... | 49,150 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
group within Microsoft focused on writing software for Mac OS. Its first version of Word, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97, and it included features from Word 97 for Windows, including spell and grammar checking with squiggles. Use... | 49,151 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac OS X, and introduced non-contiguous text selection.
Word 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by voice. Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with ... | 49,152 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Intel-based Macs.
Word 2011, released in October 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows, and includes a full-screen mode that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and support for Office Web Apps.
# File ... | 49,153 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Mac OS
- 4. Word 97 and later for Windows; Word 98 and later for Mac OS
The newer codice_2 extension signifies the Office Open XML international standard for Office documents and is used by Word 2007 and later for Windows, Word 2008 and later for macOS, as well as by a growing number of applications fr... | 49,154 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
is a Compound File, a hierarchical file system within a file. According to Joel Spolsky, Word Binary File Format is extremely complex mainly because its developers had to accommodate an overwhelming number of features and prioritize performance over anything else.
As with all OLE Compound Files, Word Bi... | 49,155 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
as where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes.
Word 2007 and later continue to support the DOC file format, although it is no longer the default.
## XML Document (Word 2003).
The "XML " format introduced in Word 2003 was a simple, XML... | 49,156 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly always because that capability does not exist in the previous version. Rich Text Format (RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications, is an optional format for... | 49,157 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the SUN ODF Plugin or the OpenXML/ODF Translator. With SP2 installed, ODF format 1.1 documents can be read and saved like any other supported format in addition to those already available in Word 2007. The implementation faces substantial criticism, and t... | 49,158 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
it would not be included in Microsoft Office 2007. This statement was repeated in the following months. As an answer, on October 20, 2005 an online petition was created to demand ODF support from Microsoft.
In May 2006, the ODF plugin for Microsoft Office was released by the OpenDocument Foundation. Mic... | 49,159 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, but only to create a plugin and an external toolset. In February 2007, this project released a first version of the ODF plugin for Microsoft Word.
In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office. Version 1.0 was released in... | 49,160 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
are some aspects of its feature set.
## Templates.
Several later versions of Word include the ability for users to create their own formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ from the standard Word templates. Users can f... | 49,161 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
change other documents which were created using the template, usually in unexpected ways.
## Image formats.
Word can import and display images in common bitmap formats such as JPG and GIF. It can also be used to create and display simple line-art. Microsoft Word added support for the common SVG vector ... | 49,162 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
can apply formatting effects such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects, and add text effects to paragraph styles.
## Macros.
A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certa... | 49,163 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
as of Word 97.
This extensive functionality can also be used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The tendency for people to exchange Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in 1999. A prominent example was the Melissa virus, but count... | 49,164 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
which regulates when macros may execute, can be adjusted by the user, but in the most recent versions of Word, is set to HIGH by default, generally reducing the risk from macro-based viruses, which have become uncommon.
## Layout issues.
Before Word 2010 (Word 14) for Windows, the program was unable to... | 49,165 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
Other layout deficiencies of Word include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed.
In Word 2004 for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97, and Word 2004 does not support Apple Advanced Typography features li... | 49,166 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
directly to paragraphs and convert them to lists. Word 97 through 2003, however, had problems adding correct numbers to numbered lists. In particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one, but instead resumed numbering after the last numbered list. Although Word 97 sup... | 49,167 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
can also create tables in "Word". Depending on the version, "Word" can perform simple calculations — along with support for formulas and equations as well.
## AutoSummarize.
Available in certain versions of Word (e.g., Word 2007), AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that it considers valuable ... | 49,168 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
"a" and "the" and the like) and assigns a "score" to each word – the more frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, it "averages" each sentence by adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence – the higher the average, the higher the rank of the s... | 49,169 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
a document
- Password restricting formatting and editing
The second and the third type of passwords were developed by Microsoft for convenient shared use of documents rather than for their protection. There is no encryption of documents that are protected by such passwords, and Microsoft Office protect... | 49,170 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
16-bit key.
Key length in "Word 97" and "2000" was strengthened up to 40 bit. However, modern cracking software allows removing such a password very quickly – a persistent cracking process takes one week at most. Use of rainbow tables reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password recov... | 49,171 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
was added. If a strong CSP is chosen, guaranteed document decryption becomes unavailable, and therefore a password can't be removed from the document. Nonetheless, a password can be fairly quickly picked with brute-force attack, because its speed is still high regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, si... | 49,172 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
amount of time exists), and drastically slows the brute-force attack speed down to several hundreds of passwords per second.
Word's 2010 protection algorithm was not changed apart from increasing number of SHA-1 conversions up to 100000 times, and consequently, the brute-force attack speed decreased two... | 49,173 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
review was very mixed, stating "I've run into weird word processors before, but this is the first time one's nearly knocked me down for the count" but acknowledging that Word's innovations were the first that caused the reviewer to consider abandoning WordStar. While the review cited an excellent WYSIWYG... | 49,174 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
major Macintosh word processor" with "far too many features to list here". While criticizing the lack of true WYSIWYG, the magazine concluded that ""Word" is marvelous. It's like a Mozart or Edison, whose occasional gaucherie we excuse because of his great gifts".
"Compute!" in 1989 stated that Word 5.0... | 49,175 |
20287 | Microsoft Word | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microsoft%20Word | Microsoft Word
.
During the first quarter of 1996, "Microsoft Word" accounted for 80% of the worldwide word processing market.
Despite its commercial success, it has also been argued in the scientific community that "Word" might not be well-suited for large-scale projects with high typographical demands, due to issue... | 49,176 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
Silicon Forest
Silicon Forest is a nickname for the cluster of high-tech companies located in the Portland metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Oregon, and most frequently refers to the industrial corridor between Beaverton and Hillsboro in northwest Oregon.
The name is analogous to Silicon Valley. I... | 49,177 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
Forest can refer to all the technology companies in Oregon, but initially referred to Washington County on Portland’s west side. First used in a Japanese company’s press release dating to 1981, Lattice Semiconductor trademarked the term in 1984 but does not use the term in its marketing materials. Lattic... | 49,178 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
Floating Point Systems, co-founded by three former Tektronix employees in Beaverton in 1970, was the first spin-off company in Silicon Forest and the third (after Tek and ESI) to be traded on the NYSE. These three companies, and later Intel, led to the creation of a number of other spin-offs and startups... | 49,179 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
semiconductors truly are the heart of Oregon's tech industry.
Intel's headquarters remain in Santa Clara, California, but in the 1990s the company began moving its most advanced technical operations to Oregon. Its Ronler Acres campus eventually became its most advanced anywhere, and Oregon is now Intel'... | 49,180 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
in Portland) is provided separately.
## Current.
- Act-On
- Airbnb
- Amazon Web Services (via acquisition of Elemental Technologies)
- Ambric (acquired by Nethra Imaging in April 2009)
- Apple Inc. (Software Engineering in Vancouver, WA. This was previously the Claris products group)
- Arris Group... | 49,181 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
GemStone Systems
- Genentech
- Google
- Grass Valley
- Hewlett-Packard
- IBM (by acquisition of Sequent)
- InFocus
- Intel
- Integra Telecom
- IP Fabrics
- IXIA
- Jaguar Land Rover
- Janrain
- Kryptiq Corporation
- LaCie
- Laika
- Lam Research (through merging with Novellus Systems)
- La... | 49,182 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
Labs
- Pixelworks
- Planar Systems
- Pop Art, Inc.
- Puppet
- Qorvo
- RadiSys Corporation
- Razorfish
- Rentrak
- Rohde & Schwarz
- Rockwell Collins
- Sage Software (by the acquisition of Timberline)
- Salesforce.com
- Sensory, Inc.
- Sharp Corporation
- Silicon Labs
- Siltronic
- Simple... | 49,183 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
Power
- Etec Systems, Inc. (acquired by Applied Materials)
- Floating Point Systems (defunct)
- Fujitsu (factory closed)
- Jive Software (acquired & closed)
- MathStar (defunct)
- Merix Corporation (acquired by Viasystems)
- Microsoft's Surface Hub R&D (closed down)
- NEC (factory closed)
- Open... | 49,184 |
343415 | Silicon Forest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silicon%20Forest | Silicon Forest
(purchased by IBM in 1993) Sequent, founded by a team that included three Intel VPs and 15 other employees, also mostly from Intel, made a major contribution to multiprocessing and was largely responsible for the demise of large minicomputers, which could be replaced by much smaller and cheaper micro-pro... | 49,185 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
The Lady, or the Tiger?
"The Lady, or the Tiger?" is a much-anthologized short story written by Frank R. Stockton for publication in the magazine "The Century" in 1882. "The Lady, or the Tiger?" has entered the English language as an allegorical expression, a shorthand indication or signifier, ... | 49,186 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
arena and must choose one of two doors. Behind one door is a lady whom the king has deemed an appropriate match for the accused; behind the other is a fierce, hungry tiger. Both doors are heavily soundproofed to prevent the accused from hearing what is behind each one. If he chooses the door wit... | 49,187 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
the positions of the lady and the tiger behind the two doors. She has also discovered that the lady is someone whom she hates, thinking her to be a rival for the affections of the accused. When he looks to the princess for help, she discreetly indicates the door on his right, which he opens.
Th... | 49,188 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
door – the lady, or the tiger?"
# Other works.
## By Stockton.
Stockton later wrote "The Discourager of Hesitancy," a follow-up to "The Lady, or the Tiger?" that begins with five travelers visiting the kingdom to discover what the accused man in that story found behind the door he chose. An o... | 49,189 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
will, through the subtle threat of the large "cimeter" (scimitar) he carried.
At noon on the following day, the prince was blindfolded and brought before a priest, where a marriage ceremony was performed and he could feel and hear a lady standing next to him. Once the ceremony was complete, the... | 49,190 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
married, he will tell them the outcome of "The Lady, or the Tiger?" The story ends with a comment that they still have not come to a decision.
## By other artists.
A play adaptation by Sydney Rosenfeld debuted at Wallack's Theatre in 1888 ran for seven weeks. In addition to stretching out the ... | 49,191 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
to electric guitar accompaniment by Fripp.
"The Lady, or the Tiger?" is one of three short stories that were adapted into the musical comedy "The Apple Tree".
The story was the inspiration for Raymond Smullyan's puzzle book by the same title, "The Lady, or the Tiger?". The first set of logic p... | 49,192 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
Corporation on 1970.
"The Lady, or the Tiger?" is referenced in "Ennui", a sonnet written by Sylvia Plath and published 43 years after her death. Plath's sonnet, however, speaks of an age when the choice has become no longer relevant.
Alternative rock band They Might Be Giants released the son... | 49,193 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
1, Episode 19 of the U.S. television series "Batman" ends with a cliffhanger in which Batman is presented with two doors; one of which opens to Catwoman and the other opens to a tiger. Batman has no hint and chooses the door that has the tiger.
In The Simpsons Season 17, Episode 17, Kiss Kiss B... | 49,194 |
343420 | The Lady, or the Tiger? | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Lady,%20or%20the%20Tiger? | The Lady, or the Tiger?
s "Batman" ends with a cliffhanger in which Batman is presented with two doors; one of which opens to Catwoman and the other opens to a tiger. Batman has no hint and chooses the door that has the tiger.
In The Simpsons Season 17, Episode 17, Kiss Kiss Bang Bangalore, Lenny and Carl are presente... | 49,195 |
343423 | Henry Norwest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry%20Norwest | Henry Norwest
Henry Norwest
Henry Norwest (Northwest) MM & Bar (1 May 188418 August 1918) was a distinguished Canadian sniper in World War I.
# Early life.
Norwest was born in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta on 1 May 1884, the Metis son of Louis Northwest or Watson and Geneviève Boucher both Metis. His father lived for a... | 49,196 |
343423 | Henry Norwest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry%20Norwest | Henry Norwest
Norwest.
# Military career.
In his nearly three years of service with the 50th Canadian Infantry Battalion, the lance corporal achieved a documented sniping record of 115 fatal shots. While Norwest was an outstanding marksman, the thing that set him apart from others was his superb stealth tactics and h... | 49,197 |
343423 | Henry Norwest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry%20Norwest | Henry Norwest
Corps to earn the Military Medal with Bar. Only three months before the war ended, Norwest was on a mission to find a German sniper's lair when he was killed by the enemy sniper.
His Ross Rifle is currently on display at The King's Own Calgary Regiment (RCAC) Museum, part of The Military Museums in Calga... | 49,198 |
343423 | Henry Norwest | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry%20Norwest | Henry Norwest
le is currently on display at The King's Own Calgary Regiment (RCAC) Museum, part of The Military Museums in Calgary. It is the second of three rifles that he used and was brought back to Canada by his spotter. The last rifle that Norwest carried was rumoured to have been taken by the German sniper who ki... | 49,199 |
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