wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
to blend acoustic and electric guitars. While down-tuned, distorted guitars mixed with Staley's distinctive "snarl-to-a-scream" vocals appealed to heavy metal fans, the band also had "a sense of melody that was undeniable", which introduced Alice in Chains to a much wider audience outside of the heavy m... | 6,119,200 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
music, and while the band initially kept these releases separate, Alice in Chains' self-titled album combined the styles to form "a bleak, nihilistic sound that balanced grinding hard rock with subtly textured acoustic numbers".
Alice in Chains is also noted for the unique vocal harmonies of Staley (or... | 6,119,201 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
"dark", with themes such as drug abuse, depression, and suicide, while Cantrell's lyrics often dealt with personal relationships.
# Legacy.
Alice in Chains has sold over 14 million records in the United States, and over 30 million records worldwide, released two number-one albums, had 23 top 40 single... | 6,119,202 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
2008, "Guitar World" ranked Jerry Cantrell's solo in "Man In The Box" at No. 77 on their list of "100 Greatest Guitar Solos". In August 2009, Alice in Chains won the "Kerrang!" Icon Award.
In November 2011, "Jar of Flies" was ranked number four on "Guitar World" magazine's top ten list of guitar albums... | 6,119,203 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
"the layering and the honest feel that Jerry Cantrell gets on [Alice in Chains' "Dirt"] record is worth a lot more than someone who plays five million notes".
Street musician Wesley Willis wrote a song about the band entitled "Alice in Chains", featured on his 1996 album "Feel The Power".
Billy Corgan... | 6,119,204 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
while adding their own distinctive edge". Godsmack singer and founder Sully Erna has also cited Layne Staley as his primary influence. Godsmack was named after the Alice in Chains song "God Smack" from the album "Dirt". Staind has covered Alice in Chains' song "Nutshell" live, which appears on the compi... | 6,119,205 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
Horse Named Death, Smile Empty Soul, Avenged Sevenfold, Seether, Incubus, Hoobastank, Mudvayne, 10 Years, Breaking Benjamin, Days of the New, Dallas Green, and Tantric. Metallica said they have always wanted to tour with the band, citing Alice in Chains as a major inspiration for their 2008 release, "De... | 6,119,206 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
of Swedish melodic death metal band In Flames cited Layne Staley as an inspiration for his vocals on the band's later albums. In addition to fellow musicians, the band has also received praise from critics, with Steve Huey of AllMusic calling them "one of the best metal bands of the '90s" upon reviewing... | 6,119,207 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
9 on his list of "10 Favorite Metal Albums".
The claymation dolls of the band members used in the music video for "I Stay Away" are on display at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame museum in Cleveland, Ohio.
# Band members.
Current members
- Jerry Cantrell – lead guitar, vocals
- Sean Kinney – drums, b... | 6,119,208 |
50214 | Alice in Chains | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alice%20in%20Chains | Alice in Chains
ums".
The claymation dolls of the band members used in the music video for "I Stay Away" are on display at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame museum in Cleveland, Ohio.
# Band members.
Current members
- Jerry Cantrell – lead guitar, vocals
- Sean Kinney – drums, backing vocals
- Mike Inez – bass, back... | 6,119,209 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
Physical Graffiti
Physical Graffiti is the sixth studio album by the English rock band Led Zeppelin. It was released as a double album on 24 February 1975 by the group's new record label, Swan Song Records.
The band wrote and recorded eight new songs for the album in early 1974 at Headley Grange, a ... | 6,119,210 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
range of styles including hard rock, progressive rock, rock 'n' roll and folk. The album was then mixed over summer 1974 and planned for an end-of year release. It was delayed because of the sleeve, which was designed by Peter Corriston and featured a theme around a tenement block in Manhattan, New Yo... | 6,119,211 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
was commercially and critically successful upon its release and debuted at number one on album charts in both the US and the UK. It was promoted by a successful US tour and a five-night residency at Earl's Court, London, and has since been viewed as one of the group's strongest albums and the artistic... | 6,119,212 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
of a traditional gospel song and regular concert favorite, "Kashmir", one of the band's most recognized hard rock numbers and a favorite of classic rock radio, and "Trampled Under Foot", a US top-40 hit.
# Recording.
The first attempt by Led Zeppelin to record songs for "Physical Graffiti" took plac... | 6,119,213 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
turned over to Bad Company, who used it to record songs for their eponymous debut album. The press reported that bassist / keyboardist John Paul Jones was ill and unable to record. However, he became disillusioned with the group and fed up with touring, and told manager Peter Grant he was considering ... | 6,119,214 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
the informal atmosphere allowed the group to improvise and develop material while recording. Sometimes the group would rehearse or record a track several times, discuss what went wrong or what could be improved and then realised they had worked out an alternative arrangement for it which was better. B... | 6,119,215 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
for previous albums but never issued. This included various jam sessions such as "Boogie With Stu" which Page thought would be unsuitable as a track on a single album. Additional overdubs were laid down and the final mixing of the album was performed in July 1974 by Keith Harwood at Olympic Studios, L... | 6,119,216 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
rock ("In the Light"), driving funk ("Trampled Under Foot"), acoustic rock and roll ("Boogie with Stu", "Black Country Woman"), love ballad ("Ten Years Gone"), blues rock ("In My Time of Dying"), soft rock ("Down by the Seaside"), country rock romp ("Night Flight"), and acoustic guitar instrumental ("... | 6,119,217 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
first take was played at a faster tempo than the finished version, with various improvised vocals. After a basic run-through, the group then discussed possibilities for rearranging it. Page played the guitar solo through an ARP synthesiser, while Jones overdubbed a Hohner Clavinet part and Plant playe... | 6,119,218 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
My Time of Dying" is based on a traditional song that Bob Dylan recorded on his debut album in 1962. The track was recorded live, with Page later adding further slide guitar overdubs. The arranging and structuring was led by Bonham, who worked out where the various stop / start sections in the track s... | 6,119,219 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
of the Holy" was recorded as the title track for the album of the same name in June 1972 at Electric Lady Studios with Eddie Kramer engineering. It was left off that album because of its similarity to other tracks such as "Dancing Days", which were felt to be better. Unlike some of the other older mat... | 6,119,220 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
it into a funk style, suggesting that Page should play a guitar riff throughout in place of chords. The lyrics are a series of double entendres around driving and cars. The song quickly became a popular live piece that was played at every live show from 1975 onwards, and was later revived by Plant for... | 6,119,221 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
The song was one of the most critically acclaimed on the album, and was played at every gig from 1975 onwards. Page and Plant played it on their 1994 tour, and it was reworked in 1998 by Sean "Puffy" Combs for his single "Come With Me" which featured Page on guitar.
## Side three.
"In the Light" was... | 6,119,222 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
in mid-1970. The track was later used as background music in the group's film "The Song Remains the Same".
"Down by the Seaside" was originally written as an acoustic track at Bron-Yr-Aur in 1970, and was influenced by Neil Young. It was reworked as an electric track during sessions for the fourth al... | 6,119,223 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
six- and twelve-string guitars, in order to try to reproduce the various guitar overdubs on the studio recording.
## Side four.
"Night Flight" was recorded at Headley Grange in 1971 for the fourth album. Jones plays Hammond organ on the track, and Page plays guitar through a Leslie speaker. Plant wr... | 6,119,224 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
a jam session with Rolling Stones pianist Ian Stewart based around the Ritchie Valens song "Ooh My Head". It was recorded in 1971 at Headley Grange during the same session that produced "Rock and Roll" for the fourth album. It did not credit Valens or Bob Keane, instead crediting Valens' mother. Event... | 6,119,225 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
it was left on the final recording for effect.
"Sick Again" was written by Page and Plant about the 1973 tour and their experience with meeting groupies. The track was driven by Bonham's drumming and Page's guitar riffs. The arrangement had been worked out before recording, and was straightforward to... | 6,119,226 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
that had not been put on "Physical Graffiti" were later included on the 1982 album "Coda".
# Artwork and packaging.
The album was originally released with a die-cut sleeve design depicting a New York City tenement block, through whose windows various cultural icons could be interchangeably viewed. T... | 6,119,227 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
of information.
The two five-storey buildings photographed for the album cover are located at 96 and 98 St. Mark's Place in New York City. The original photograph underwent a number of tweaks to arrive at the final image. The fifth floor of the building had to be cropped out to fit the square album c... | 6,119,228 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
wrapped around the inner covers and slid into the outer cover, the title of the album is shown on the front cover, spelling out the name "Physical Graffiti". Images in the windows touched upon a set of American icons and a range of Hollywood ephemera. Pictures of W. C. Fields and Buzz Aldrin alternate... | 6,119,229 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category of best album package.
# Release and critical reception.
"Physical Graffiti" was Led Zeppelin's first release on their own Swan Song Records label, which had been launched in May 1974. Until this point, all of Led Zeppelin's albums had been released o... | 6,119,230 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
and critical success, having built up a huge advance order following the delayed release date, and when eventually issued it reached No. 1 in the UK charts. In the US, it debuted at No. 3 on "Billboard's" Pop Albums chart, rising to No. 1 the following week and staying there for six weeks. "Physical G... | 6,119,231 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
in Rotterdam, Netherlands on 11 January, a week before the US tour, which lasted until 27 March. The tour was also successful, and was followed up by a series of shows at Earl's Court, London. Tickets for the shows sold out within four hours, described by promoter Mel Bush as "unprecedented demand in ... | 6,119,232 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
most downright brutal I've heard all year". In March 1975, "Billboard" magazine's reviewer wrote: "["Physical Graffiti"] is a tour de force through a number of musical styles, from straight rock to blues to folky acoustic to orchestral sounds." Similarly, Jim Miller stated in "Rolling Stone" that the ... | 6,119,233 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
felt that "Physical Graffiti" represented the band at its creative peak, and has since said that it is his favourite Led Zeppelin album. Page has also said the album was a "high-water mark" for the group, and the creative energy from jamming and gradually working out song structures together led to so... | 6,119,234 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
the end of "In My Time of Dying". Page was unhappy with the lack of care over the CDs and decided he would produce new versions himself. He booked a week in May 1990 with engineer George Marino to remaster the entire back catalogue. Eight tracks from "Physical Graffiti" appeared on the four-disc "Boxe... | 6,119,235 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
version, a deluxe three-LP version, a super deluxe three-CD plus three-LP version with a hardback book, and as high resolution 96k/24-bit digital downloads. The deluxe and super deluxe editions feature bonus material containing alternative takes and arrangements of songs. The reissue was released with... | 6,119,236 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
piano on "Boogie with Stu"
Engineers
- George Chkiantz – engineering at Olympic (1972)
- Keith Harwood – engineering at Olympic (1974)
- Andy Johns – engineering at Island (1970 & 1971) and Headley Grange (1971)
- Eddie Kramer – engineering at Stargroves (1972)
- Ron Nevison – engineering at Hea... | 6,119,237 |
50246 | Physical Graffiti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physical%20Graffiti | Physical Graffiti
mpic (1972)
- Keith Harwood – engineering at Olympic (1974)
- Andy Johns – engineering at Island (1970 & 1971) and Headley Grange (1971)
- Eddie Kramer – engineering at Stargroves (1972)
- Ron Nevison – engineering at Headley Grange (1974)
Artwork
- Peter Corriston – artwork, design, cover desig... | 6,119,238 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
Codomain
In mathematics, the codomain or target set of a function is the set into which all of the output of the function is constrained to fall. It is the set in the notation . The codomain is sometimes referred to as the range, but that term is ambiguous as it may also refer to the image.
The codomain is p... | 6,119,239 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
of a function is a subset of its codomain. Thus, it may not coincide with its codomain. Namely, a function that is not surjective has elements in its codomain for which the equation does not have a solution.
An alternative definition of "function" by Bourbaki [Bourbaki, "op. cit.", p. 77], namely as just a fu... | 6,119,240 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
a function
defined by
the codomain of is formula_3, but does not map to any negative number.
Thus the image of is the set formula_4; i.e., the interval .
An alternative function is defined thus:
While and map a given to the same number, they are not, in this view, the same function because they have diffe... | 6,119,241 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
no output is defined – negative numbers are not elements of the domain of , which is the square root function.
Function composition therefore is a useful notion only when the "codomain" of the function on the right side of a composition (not its "image", which is a consequence of the function and could be unk... | 6,119,242 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
codomain and image is demonstrated by the linear transformations between two vector spaces – in particular, all the linear transformations from formula_13 to itself, which can be represented by the matrices with real coefficients. Each matrix represents a map with the domain formula_13 and codomain formula_13.... | 6,119,243 |
50264 | Codomain | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Codomain | Codomain
matrices with rank or ). Take for example the matrix given by
which represents a linear transformation that maps the point to . The point is not in the image of , but is still in the codomain since linear transformations from formula_13 to formula_13 are of explicit relevance. Just like all matrices, represen... | 6,119,244 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
Steal This Book
Steal This Book is a book written by Abbie Hoffman. Written in 1970 and published in 1971, the book exemplified the counterculture of the sixties. The book sold more than a quarter of a million copies between April and November 1971.
The book is, in the style of the counterculture, mai... | 6,119,245 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
American activists of the late-1960s and early-1970s, gaining fame with his leadership in anti–Vietnam War protests. Aside from Hoffman, several people were involved in the compilation of "Steal This Book" including Izak Haber, who is listed as "co-conspirator", and Bert Cohen who is listed as "accessor... | 6,119,246 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
it took hold among the new left, especially among students on college campuses, such as Brandeis University, where Hoffman had been a student.
# Content.
"Steal This Book" is divided into three sections, "Survive!", "Fight!" and "Liberate!". Each section has several sub-chapters. As the book has aged,... | 6,119,247 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
land, housing, education, medical care, communication, entertainment, money, drugs, and other assorted items and services. Suggestions include the use of slug coins, taking advantage of government and church hand-outs, and a variety of shoplifting techniques.
The section "Fight!" includes chapters on s... | 6,119,248 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
and obtaining a free buffalo from the Department of the Interior.
The third section is "Liberate!", and focuses on local solutions in New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. The book also includes an appendix that lists "approved" organizations and other books worth stealing.
## The "P... | 6,119,249 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
into print; an editor at Random House publishing commented that he would not even let his own child read it. Hoffman was eventually forced to make a publishing company of his own, Pirate Editions, in order to sell the book, with Grove Press as the distributor. The book initially received no reviews and ... | 6,119,250 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
provided.
On the success of the book, Hoffman was quoted as saying, "It's embarrassing when you try to overthrow the government and you wind up on the Best Seller's List." He would eventually write several other books, including "Steal This Urine Test: Fighting Drug Hysteria in America", "Revolution Fo... | 6,119,251 |
50262 | Steal This Book | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steal%20This%20Book | Steal This Book
te several other books, including "Steal This Urine Test: Fighting Drug Hysteria in America", "Revolution For the Hell of It", and "The Autobiography of Abbie Hoffman".
Hoffman would not respond to accusations that he had plagiarized the book, as claimed in an article by Izak Haber in "Rolling Stone" m... | 6,119,252 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Padua
Padua (; ; ) is a city and "comune" in Veneto, northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area. Padua's population is 214,000 (). The city is sometimes included, with Venice (Italian "Venezia") and Treviso, in the Padua-Treviso-Venice Metropoli... | 6,119,253 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Ugo Foscolo, and Shelley.
It hosts the University of Padua, founded in 1222, where later Galileo Galilei was a lecturer between 1592 and 1610.
The city is picturesque, with a dense network of arcaded streets opening into large communal "piazze", and many bridges crossing the various branches of the Bacchiglione... | 6,119,254 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
in 1195), spent part of his life and died in 1231.
# Etymology.
The original significance of the Roman name "Patavium" (, German "Padua") is uncertain. It may be connected with the ancient name of the River Po, ("Padus"). Additionally, the root "pat-", in the Indo-European language may refer to a wide open plai... | 6,119,255 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
presence of villages that have united themselves together.
# History.
## Antiquity.
Padua claims to be the oldest city in northern Italy. According to a tradition dated at least to the time of Virgil's "Aeneid" and to Livy's "Ab Urbe Condita", Padua was founded in around 1183 BC by the Trojan prince Antenor. A... | 6,119,256 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
dei Lovati placed near the tomb reads:
However, more recent tests suggest the sepulchre dates to the between the 4th and 3rd centuries BC.
Nevertheless, archeological remains confirm an early date for the foundation of the center of the town to between the 11th and 10th centuries BC. By the 5th century BC, Padu... | 6,119,257 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
by the Veneti in a naval battle and gave up the idea of conquest. Still later, the Veneti of Padua successfully repulsed invasions by the Etruscans and Gauls. According to Livy and Silius Italicus, the Veneti, including those of Padua, formed an alliance with the Romans by 226 BC against their common enemies, fir... | 6,119,258 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
49 (or 45 or 43) BC, Padua was made a Roman "municipium" under the "Lex Julia Municipalis" and its citizens ascribed to the Roman tribe, "Fabia". At that time the population of the city was perhaps 40,000. The city was reputed for its excellent breed of horses and the wool of its sheep. In fact, the poet Martial ... | 6,119,259 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
reflected in Livy's "Roman History" (XLIII.13.2) wherein he portrays Rome's rise to dominance as being founded upon her moral rectitude and discipline. Still later, Pliny, referring to one of his Paduan protégés' Paduan grandmother, Sarrana Procula, lauds her as more upright and disciplined than any of her strict... | 6,119,260 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Valerius Flaccus.
Christianity was introduced to Padua and much of the Veneto by Saint Prosdocimus. He is venerated as the first bishop of the city. His deacon, the Jewish convert Daniel, is also a saintly patron of the city.
## Late Antiquity.
The history of Padua during Late Antiquity follows the course of e... | 6,119,261 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
The city was again seized by the Goths under Totila, but was restored to the Eastern Empire by Narses only to fall under the control of the Lombards in 568. During these years, many of Paduans sought safety in the countryside and especially in the nearby lagoons of what would become Venice.
In 601, the city rose... | 6,119,262 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
to eke out a living among the ruins; the ruling class abandoned the city for the Venetian Lagoon, according to a chronicle. The city did not easily recover from this blow, and Padua was still weak when the Franks succeeded the Lombards as masters of northern Italy.
## Frankish and Episcopal Supremacy.
At the Di... | 6,119,263 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Italy, Padua does not appear to have been either very important or very active. The general tendency of its policy throughout the war of investitures was Imperial (Ghibelline) and not Roman (Guelph); and its bishops were, for the most part, of German extraction.
## Emergence of the Commune.
Under the surface, s... | 6,119,264 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Bacchiglione and the Brenta. The city grew in power and self-confidence and in 1138, government was entrusted to two consuls.
The great families of Camposampiero, Este and Da Romano began to emerge and to divide the Paduan district among themselves. The citizens, in order to protect their liberties, were obliged... | 6,119,265 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
vicar Ezzelino III da Romano in Padua and the neighbouring cities, where he practised frightful cruelties on the inhabitants. Ezzelino was unseated in June 1256 without civilian bloodshed, thanks to Pope Alexander IV.
Padua then enjoyed a period of calm and prosperity: the basilica of the saint was begun; and th... | 6,119,266 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Roman poets that was unrivalled in Italy or beyond the Alps.
However, the advances of Padua in the 13th century finally brought the commune into conflict with Can Grande della Scala, lord of Verona. In 1311 Padua had to yield to the Scaligeri of Verona.
Jacopo da Carrara was elected lord of Padua in 1318, at th... | 6,119,267 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
period was a long period of restlessness, for the Carraresi were constantly at war. Under Carraresi rule the early humanist circles in the university were effectively disbanded: Albertino Mussato, the first modern poet laureate, died in exile at Chioggia in 1329, and the eventual heir of the Paduan tradition was ... | 6,119,268 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
was just a brief period when the city changed hands (in 1509) during the wars of the League of Cambrai. On 10 December 1508, representatives of the Papacy, France, the Holy Roman Empire, and Ferdinand V of Castile concluded the League of Cambrai against the Republic. The agreement provided for the complete dismem... | 6,119,269 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
of Padua").
The city was governed by two Venetian nobles, a podestà for civil affairs and a captain for military affairs. Each was elected for sixteen months. Under these governors, the great and small councils continued to discharge municipal business and to administer the Paduan law, contained in the statutes ... | 6,119,270 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Campo Formio, and Padua, like much of the Veneto, was ceded to the Habsburgs. In 1806 the city then passed to the French puppet Kingdom of Italy until the fall of Napoleon, in 1814, when the city became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, part of the Austrian Empire.
Austrian rule was unpopular... | 6,119,271 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
and there were no other episodes of unrest under the Austrian Empire (nor previously had there been any), as in Venice or in other parts of Italy; while opponents of Austria were forced into exile.
Under Austrian rule, Padua began its industrial development; one of the first Italian rail tracks, Padua-Venice, wa... | 6,119,272 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
both economically and socially, developing its industry, being an important agricultural market and having a very important cultural and technological centre as the University. The city hosted also a major military command and many regiments.
## The 20th century.
When Italy entered World War I on 24 May 1915, P... | 6,119,273 |
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Italian military command did not withdraw. The city was bombed several times (about 100 civilian deaths). A memorable feat was Gabriele D'Annunzio's flight to Vienna from the nearby San Pelagio Castle air field.
A year later, the threat to Padua was removed. In late October 1918, the Italian Army won the decisiv... | 6,119,274 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
and social strife were rampant at the time.
As in many other areas in Italy, Padua experienced great social turmoil in the years immediately following World War I. The city was shaken by strikes and clashes, factories and fields were subject to occupation, and war veterans struggled to re-enter civilian life. Ma... | 6,119,275 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
up in the city. Examples can be found today in the buildings surrounding Piazza Spalato (today Piazza Insurrezione), the railway station, the new part of City Hall, and part of the Bo Palace hosting the University.
Following Italy's defeat in the Second World War on 8 September 1943, Padua became part of the Ita... | 6,119,276 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Concetto Marchesi.
Padua was bombed several times by Allied planes. The worst hit areas were the railway station and the northern district of Arcella. During one of these bombings, the Church of the Eremitani, with frescoes by Andrea Mantegna, was destroyed, considered by some art historians to be Italy's bigges... | 6,119,277 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
northern Italy to one of the richest and most economically active regions of modern Italy.
# Geography.
## Climate.
Padua experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfa") characteristic of northern Italy, modified by the nearby Adriatic Sea.
# Main sights.
- The Scrovegni Chapel ... | 6,119,278 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Mary and has been acknowledged by many to be one of the most important fresco cycles in the world for its role in the development of European painting. It also includes one of the earliest representations of a kiss in the history of art (Meeting at the Golden Gate, 1305). Entrance to the chapel is an elaborate or... | 6,119,279 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
in Europe; the hall is nearly rectangular, its length , its breadth , and its height ; the walls are covered with allegorical frescoes; the building stands upon arches, and the upper storey is surrounded by an open loggia, not unlike that which surrounds the basilica of Vicenza. The Palazzo was begun in 1172 and ... | 6,119,280 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
present great hall, the "Salone". The new space was refrescoed by Nicolo' Miretto and Stefano da Ferrara, working from 1425 to 1440. Beneath the great hall, there is a centuries-old market.
- In the Piazza dei Signori is the loggia called the "Gran Guardia", (1493–1526), and close by is the "Palazzo del Capitani... | 6,119,281 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
in 1552 after a design of Michelangelo. It contains works by Nicolò Semitecolo, Francesco Bassano and Giorgio Schiavone. The nearby Baptistry, consecrated in 1281, houses the most important frescoes cycle by Giusto de' Menabu oi.
- The Teatro Verdi is host to performances of operas, musicals, plays, ballets, and... | 6,119,282 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
was designed by Nicola Pisano. It is covered by seven cupolas, two of them pyramidal. There are also four cloisters. The belltower has eight bells in C.
- Donatello's equestrian statue of the Venetian general Gattamelata (Erasmo da Narni) can be found on the piazza in front of the "Basilica di Sant'Antonio da Pa... | 6,119,283 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
of the best known symbols of Padua is the "Prato della Valle", a elliptical square. This is one of the biggest in Europe. In the centre is a wide garden surrounded by a ditch, which is lined by 78 statues portraying illustrious citizens. It was created by Andrea Memmo in the late 18th century. Memmo once resided ... | 6,119,284 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
St. Maximus, St. Urius, St. Felicita, St. Julianus, as well as relics of the Apostle St. Matthias and the Evangelist St. Luke. This is home to some art, including the "Martyrdom of St. Justine" by Paolo Veronese. The complex was founded in the 5th century on the tomb of the namesake saint, Justine of Padua. The b... | 6,119,285 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
The old monastery of the church now houses the Musei Civici di Padova (town archeologic and art museum).
- "Santa Sofia" is probably Padova's most ancient church. The crypt was begun in the late 10th century by Venetian craftsmen. It has a basilica plan with Romanesque-Gothic interior and Byzantine elements. The... | 6,119,286 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
of the historical city, the buildings of Palazzo del Bò, the centre of the University
- The City Hall, called Palazzo Moroni, the wall of which is covered by the names of the Paduan dead in the different wars of Italy and which is attached to the Palazzo della Ragione;
- The Caffé Pedrocchi, built in 1831 by ar... | 6,119,287 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
only a few ruins left, together with two gates, of the smaller and inner 13th-century walls. There is also a castle, the Castello. Its main tower was transformed between 1767 and 1777 into an astronomical observatory known as "Specola". However the other buildings were used as prisons during the 19th and 20th cen... | 6,119,288 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
at Albignasego
- "Villa Pacchierotti-Trieste "(17th century), at Limena
- "Villa Cittadella-Vigodarzere" (19th century), at Saonara
- "Villa Selvatico da Porto "(15th–18th century), at Vigonza
- "Villa Loredan", at Sant'Urbano
- "Villa Contarini", at Piazzola sul Brenta, built in 1546 by Palladio and enlarge... | 6,119,289 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Church of St. Francis. Consecrated in 1430.
- San Gaetano Church. Built in 1574– 1576.
- Abbey Church of Santa Giustina. The first church was built in 520, expanded in 1050.
- Basilica Cathedral of the Assumption of St. Mary, Padua Cathedral is the 4th structure on this site, built in 1551.
- Santa Maria dei ... | 6,119,290 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
and alumni is long, containing, among others, the names of Bembo, Sperone Speroni, the anatomist Vesalius, Copernicus, Fallopius, Fabrizio d'Acquapendente, Galileo Galilei, William Harvey, Pietro Pomponazzi, Reginald, later Cardinal Pole, Scaliger, Tasso and Jan Zamoyski.
It is also where, in 1678, Elena Lucrezi... | 6,119,291 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
collection of rare plants.
The place of Padua in the history of art is nearly as important as its place in the history of learning. The presence of the university attracted many distinguished artists, such as Giotto, Fra Filippo Lippi and Donatello; and for native art there was the school of Francesco Squarcione... | 6,119,292 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Canova produced his first work in Padua, one of which is among the statues of Prato della Valle (presently a copy is displayed in the open air, while the original is in the Musei Civici).
The Antonianum is settled among Prato della Valle, the Basilica of Saint Anthony and the Botanic Garden. It was built in 1897... | 6,119,293 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Benedick is named as "Signior Benedick of Padua".
Paolo De Poli, painter and enamellist, author of decorative panels and design objects, 15 times invited to the Venice Biennale was born in Padua. The electronic musician Tying Tiffany was also born in Padua.
# Demographics.
In 2007, there were 210,301 people re... | 6,119,294 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
the five years between 2002 and 2007, the population of Padua grew by 2.21%, while Italy as a whole grew by 3.85%. The current birth rate of Padua is 8.49 births per 1,000 inhabitants compared to the Italian average of 9.45 births.
, 90.66% of the population was Italian. The largest immigrant group comes from ot... | 6,119,295 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
Voters elect directly 33 councilors and the Mayor of Padua every five years.
The current Mayor of Padua is Sergio Giordani (independent, supported by the PD), elected on 26 June 2017.
This is a list of the mayors of Padua since 1946:
# Consulates.
Padua hosts consulates for several nations, including those of... | 6,119,296 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
are based here, employing 50,000 people. In the industrial zone, there are two railway stations, one fluvial port, three truck terminals, two highway exits and a lot of connected services, such as hotels, post offices and directional centres.
# Transport.
## By car.
By car, there are 2 motorways (autostrade in... | 6,119,297 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
connect Padua with all the large and small centers of the region. A motorway with more than 20 exits surrounds the city, connecting districts and the small towns of the surrounding region.
## By rail.
Padua has two railway stations open to passengers. The main station "Stazione di Padova" has 11 platforms and i... | 6,119,298 |
50240 | Padua | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Padua | Padua
which could become one of the stations of the "Servizio Ferroviario Metropolitano Regionale". From Padova, high speed trains connect to Milan, Rome, Bologna, Florence and Venice; one can reach Milan in 1h and 51 min, Rome in 3 hours an 0 min and Venice in 20 min. There are also international day trains to Zurich ... | 6,119,299 |
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