wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
Assembly of British Columbia. Subsequently, an elected member of the Liberal Party caucus stepped aside so there could be a by-election in a riding, to provide her with a seat in the House. During her second election as leader, she led her party to win 43 out of 87 ridings. Due to a historic confidence an... | 6,130,200 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
a period of repose, Clark was hired by Bennett Jones, a law firm with offices in Vancouver, in May 2018, with more appointments to follow at other institutions and firms.
Clark served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from 1996 to 2005, serving as deputy premier from 2001 to 2005 during the f... | 6,130,201 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
defeated by NDP candidate David Eby in her own riding of Vancouver-Point Grey. She was subsequently returned to the legislature in a by-election in Westside-Kelowna on July 10, 2013.
In the 2017 provincial election she was re-elected in Westside-Kelowna. The Liberals were reduced to 43 seats—one short of... | 6,130,202 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
by the NDP-Green alliance. Subsequently, Lieutenant Governor Judith Guichon denied Clark's request for a snap election and instead asked NDP leader John Horgan to form a minority government. Horgan succeeded Clark as the 36th premier of British Columbia on July 18, 2017, and Clark became Leader of the Opp... | 6,130,203 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
Scotland, was a marriage and family therapist in Vancouver. On June 8, 2016, she shared that, as a 13-year-old girl on her way to work at her first job, she was forcibly grabbed and pulled into some bushes; she also shared that she had been subject to other sexual offences throughout her life and that she... | 6,130,204 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
Clark gave birth to her only child, Hamish Marissen-Clark, with then husband Mark Marissen. Clark was the second woman in Canadian history to give birth to a child while serving as a cabinet minister, after Pauline Marois, then a Quebec provincial minister, in 1985.
# Early political career.
## Oppositi... | 6,130,205 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
79 seats in the legislative assembly.
## Government.
Following the BC Liberal Party's election victory in 2001, Premier Gordon Campbell appointed Clark Minister of Education and Deputy Premier. She brought in a number of changes that were claimed to increase accountability, strengthen parental power in ... | 6,130,206 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
were later found to be unconstitutional.
As Education Minister, Clark sought to increase the independence of the BC College of Teachers against heavy opposition from the British Columbia Teachers' Federation. In 2002 the BC Liberals and Education Minister Christy Clark introduced Bills 27 & 28 forcing te... | 6,130,207 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
attorney in the Basi-Virk trial, alleged that Clark had participated in the scandal by providing government information to lobbyist Erik Bornmann. These allegations were never proven or tested in court. Her brother Bruce Clark was the subject of one of the warrants. Though confidential draft "Request for ... | 6,130,208 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
Mark Marissen was visited at home by the RCMP. Her husband was also not under investigation, and was told that he might have been the "innocent recipient" of documents then in his possession.
In 2004, Clark was appointed Minister of Children and Family Development after Minister Gordon Hogg was forced to... | 6,130,209 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
against local councillor Sam Sullivan. On September 24, 2005, she lost the NPA's mayoral nomination to Sullivan by 69 votes out of 2,100 cast. Sullivan was subsequently elected Mayor of Vancouver and in 2013 was elected a Liberal MLA while Clark was premier.
# Radio show and columnist.
Clark hosted "The... | 6,130,210 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
federal election.
# Leadership campaign.
On December 8, 2010, Clark officially announced her intent to seek the leadership of the BC Liberal Party. While Clark had long been touted as a potential successor to BC Premier Gordon Campbell, she often claimed she had no further interest in a political career... | 6,130,211 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
voters were looking for. Clark's policy proposals included observing a provincial Family Day in February, establishing an Office of the Municipal Auditor General to monitor local government taxation, and to provide a more open government by holding 12 town hall meetings a year to hear from residents. Rega... | 6,130,212 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
of about 40 in Pitt Meadows. However, she eventually decided to continue with the planned referendum.
Despite her perceived frontrunner status, backbench MLA Harry Bloy was the only sitting member of BC Liberal caucus to endorse her candidacy for leader. The majority of the caucus supported the campaigns... | 6,130,213 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
and there were fears that right-wing supporters would move to the British Columbia Conservative Party which had started to make a comeback in the province after decades of dormancy.
Her campaign faced questions regarding her involvement in the sale of BC Rail due to her cabinet position and family connec... | 6,130,214 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
to be answered about BC Rail, but since then has said that there is no need for a public inquiry, as have the other Liberal Party leadership contenders.
At the leadership convention held on February 26, 2011, Clark was elected leader of the BC Liberals on the third ballot, over former Health Minister Kev... | 6,130,215 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
Grey and defeated NDP candidate David Eby by 595 votes. Her win marked the first time that a governing party won a by-election in 30 years.
After Clark became premier, the Liberal Party saw a bounce in support and lead in opinion polls, after falling behind the Official Opposition NDP under Campbell. How... | 6,130,216 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
support to the Liberals.
In the summer of 2012, several high-profile caucus members, including the Ministers of Education and Finance, announced they wouldn't seek re-election. Though Premier Clark suggested she "expected" the resignations, the news shook her government. There was public outrage and disr... | 6,130,217 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
released a decision that Clark had been in neither a real nor apparent conflict of interest.
## 2013 re-election.
As the 2013 general election approached, polls showed that Clark was one of the least popular premiers in Canada. Two months prior to the election, The Province newspaper's front page featur... | 6,130,218 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
road", similar to Jack Layton's successful approach in the 2011 federal election, left him vulnerable to "relentless [BC] Liberal attacks on the economic competence of his party".
Clark defied pollster predictions by leading her party to victory, its fourth consecutive mandate but her first, in the May 1... | 6,130,219 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
did not rule out running in a riding outside the Lower Mainland in order to get back into the chamber, telling "The Globe and Mail" that she believed one reason she lost her own riding was that she was devoting so much time to serving the entire province.
On June 4, Clark announced she would run in a by-... | 6,130,220 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
policies imposed against Chinese-Canadians:
While the governments which passed these laws and policies acted in a manner that [was] lawful at the time, today this racist discrimination is seen by British Columbians — represented by all members of the legislative assembly — as unacceptable and intolerable... | 6,130,221 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
"We confirm without reservation that these six Tsilhqot'in chiefs are fully exonerated for any crime or wrongdoing."
## "Behind The Smile" biography.
In 2016, just prior to an election year, former Liberal MLA Judi Tyabji published an unauthorized biography "Behind the Smile" of Clark. Judi Tyabji, howe... | 6,130,222 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
with LNG opportunities.
# Federal politics.
## Missing and murdered indigenous women.
Beginning in 2014, Clark has expressed her support for a national inquiry into missing and murdered indigenous women and girls. On December 8, 2015 Clark tweeted her support of the federal government's decision to cal... | 6,130,223 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
has only six seats.
# Controversies.
## B.C. Liberal "Ethnic Vote Plan".
A leaked 17-page document dated January 10, 2012 and called "Multicultural Strategy Outreach Plan" was sent by Kim Haakstad, Clark's deputy chief of staff, to the personal email addresses of eight people, including Pamela Martin, ... | 6,130,224 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
to that of so-called mainstream media."
The documents revealed the plan included eight strategy components, including quick wins, election readiness and community engagement.
The quick wins component involved building political capital in ethnic communities by taking what would be perceived as thoughtfu... | 6,130,225 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
were listed," he said.
# 2017 campaign.
On September 14, 2016 the B.C. Liberal Party named executive director Laura Miller to be the party's campaign director for the May 9, 2017 provincial election. This was despite facing charges in Ontario for allegedly deleting emails while in service with the Dalto... | 6,130,226 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
government's economic track record, however the opposition NDP and Greens criticized her inaction on "lax political fundraising laws" and portrayed her as "beholden to big money interests", attacking the BC Liberals on "housing, transit and other affordability issues". While B.C. enjoyed strong economic g... | 6,130,227 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
dropped due to her "ruthless, hyper-partisan style" which led to the perception that to her "winning always seemed so much more important than governing", in the wake of numerous scandals such as "ethnic outreach" and "triple delete" document destruction. Clark also faced "relentless criticism over bottom... | 6,130,228 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
appease its ascendant federal Conservative flank it is now unrecognizable from the centrist party led by Gordon Campbell, her predecessor". The combination of these controversies caused Liberal support in Metro Vancouver to collapse, as an estimated 100,000 voters switched from the Liberals to the Greens.... | 6,130,229 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
the election, the Liberals entered negotiations with the Green Party of British Columbia, which held the balance of power in the legislative assembly, however on May 29, 2017 the Greens instead reached a supply agreement with the official opposition NDP. Although NDP leader John Horgan and Green Party lea... | 6,130,230 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
the Liberal government did not relinquish power yet, and Clark's new cabinet was sworn in on June 8, 2017. Clark subsequently recalled the legislative assembly to test her government's confidence, with a Throne Speech that included billions in new funding and key policies supported by the NDP and Greens. ... | 6,130,231 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
it’s disrespectful to voters who rely on parties as aggregators of ideas that lead to policies they like", noted that the 30 pledges were absent from the Liberals' election platform, but also the "dramatic conversion to an NDP/Green-light version of her party appear like an over-correction, given the mode... | 6,130,232 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
a no-confidence motion as an amendment to the Speech from the Throne. Clark then resigned as premier and asked Lieutenant Governor Judith Guichon for a new election, contending that an NDP minority government would be unstable due to the need for one of the NDP's members to become Speaker. Clark argued th... | 6,130,233 |
536470 | Christy Clark | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christy%20Clark | Christy Clark
ment would be unstable due to the need for one of the NDP's members to become Speaker. Clark argued that this would result in a large number of 43-43 votes requiring the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly to use his casting vote. Guichon did not agree, and instead invited Horgan to form a minority govern... | 6,130,234 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
Big Bear Lake
Big Bear Lake is a reservoir in the San Bernardino Mountains, in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is a completely snow-fed lake, having no other means of tributaries or mechanical replenishment. At a surface elevation of , it has an east-west length of approximately and ... | 6,130,235 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
the territory as "Yuhaviat" which translates into "Pine Place". They inhabited small villages of 10 to 30 round buildings located along fresh water sources and subsisted on berries, nuts, tubers, acorns, and plentiful game harvested along the lush valley. The Serrano looked at the native grizzly bears as ... | 6,130,236 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
during the days of Mexican territorial Alta California. He married into the Spanish landholder family, the Yorbas, and bought a portion of Rancho Jurupa (Riverside) from Juan Bandini. He became a local rancher statesman of great repute.
Wilson had signed on as Justice of the Peace of the Inland Territory... | 6,130,237 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
22 men into the headwaters of the Santa Ana River, effectively cutting the Utes off at the other end of Lucerne.
On the trip Wilson came upon a broad watershed teeming with wildlife, particularly bear. His posse immediately became a hunting party where the men were split into 11 pairs, each pair bringing... | 6,130,238 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
renegade Indians), the party took 11 more bear pelts.
In 1859, the newly discovered valley became a venue for gold prospectors. William F. Holcomb, a prospector from Indiana, moved to Los Angeles from the Northern California mines where he heard about the prospecting at Big Bear. He moved to Starvation F... | 6,130,239 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
Valley quickly became the largest populated area in San Bernardino County.
In 1884 marshy, nearly flat Bear Valley was dammed with a single arch granite impoundment, which held back some of water for irrigation purposes in the Redlands area. Redlands citrus growers found that the 1884 dam produced insuff... | 6,130,240 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
dam in 1923. A new bypass bridge was built next to the old bridge in 2009, and the old bridge on top of the new dam was removed (12). Elevation at the surface is , but this level fluctuates according to annual snowmelt and runoff. Big Bear Municipal Water District acquired the dam and other assets from th... | 6,130,241 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
movies, particularly westerns, have been filmed in the region.
# Geography.
Big Bear Lake is geophysically defined by its North and South Shore. Big Bear Boulevard follows the South Shore and leads into the Big Bear Valley as a continuation of Highway 18 (the so-called Rim of the World Highway, which ap... | 6,130,242 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
then continues east into Big Bear City, which is an unincorporated community despite its name. Bear Creek and Siberia Creek flow into the lake and Bear Creek flows out of the lake, traveling about southwest to the Santa Ana River.
North Shore (Highway 38) begins at the Dam Junction of Highway 18. It trav... | 6,130,243 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
Cutoff. North Shore Drive continues east into Big Bear City and Baldwin Lake.
The primary approach to Big Bear is via Highway 330 out of San Bernardino through Running Springs where it intersects Highway 18. Highway 18 proceeds past Arrowbear and Snow Valley, over 7,200 ft (2,190 m) Lake Vista Summit and... | 6,130,244 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
Climate.
According to the National Weather Service, the warmest month at Big Bear is July, with a daily average temperature of . The coolest month is January, with a daily average temperature of . There are an average of 1.7 days each year with highs of or higher. Freezing temperatures have occurred in e... | 6,130,245 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
maximum 24-hour precipitation was on December 6, 1966. Measurable precipitation normally occurs 44.9 days a year. Mountain thunderstorms occasionally produce heavy rainfall, even in midsummer (when most southern California lowland locations are quite dry). Big Bear Lake's climate is "Csb" (Warm-summer Med... | 6,130,246 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
snow in 24 hours was on March 27, 1991. The greatest snow depth was on February 3, 1979. Snow has fallen in every month except July and August. There are normally 18 days each year with measurable snow of or more.
# Transportation.
Located east of Los Angeles and surrounded by the San Bernardino Nationa... | 6,130,247 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
of the very cold water and the presence of underwater obstacles near the shorelines, swimming is discouraged. The lake is patrolled by the BBMWD Lake Patrol.
Many lakeside residents have private docks, and visiting boaters obtain mooring in several of the marinas found on both shores. Big Bear Municipal ... | 6,130,248 |
536529 | Big Bear Lake | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Big%20Bear%20Lake | Big Bear Lake
des safe eating advice for black bass species, common carp, crappie, and rainbow trout.
# Points of interest.
North Shore (west to east)
- Fawnskin (San Bernardino County uninc.)
- Big Bear Solar Observatory (New Jersey Institute of Technology)
- Big Bear Discovery Center
South Shore (west to east)
... | 6,130,249 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
Distributed Sender Blackhole List
The Distributed Sender Blackhole List was a DNSBL that listed IP addresses of insecure e-mail hosts. DSBL could be used by server administrators to tag or block e-mail messages that came from insecure servers, which is often spam.
The DSBL published ... | 6,130,250 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
an SMTP server from starting a conversation.
# Blocking.
It is not possible for DSBL to block or intercept mail. E-mail is sometimes blocked or bounced with a message referencing DSBL. These messages were not blocked by DSBL; they were blocked by the administrator of the "receiving" ... | 6,130,251 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
users to anyone else. Insecure servers are commonly abused by spammers, although DSBL does not claim that the hosts have sent spam or have been abused by spammers; only that they could be.
DSBL builds its lists by receiving specially-formatted "listme" e-mails triggered by testers. DS... | 6,130,252 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
these messages to reach DSBL the insecure server must have allowed anyone (a DSBL tester) to send mail to anyone (DSBL's monitored address). This proof-of-vulnerability is kept on file at DSBL's web site.
In addition to open mail relays, DSBL lists hosts that were vulnerable to abuse ... | 6,130,253 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
to be removed from DSBL's lists, the administrator of the IP address must demonstrate "accountability" by first requesting, and then responding, to a delisting message from DSBL. The message can only be sent to the postmaster or abuse desk of the listed IP address. The postmaster's e-m... | 6,130,254 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
removal is this accountability test. It is entirely possible that hosts that are delisted are still vulnerable to abuse. If this is the case, it is expected that the host will be relisted by a tester the next time it is abused.
The problem with the delisting process is that dynamic di... | 6,130,255 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
is a largely automated system. The delisting process, in particular, is an automated self-service web page. Manual processes are not used to remove an IP address from the list, except in rare cases where a bug in DSBL's software prevented a delisting. DSBL's operators believe that manu... | 6,130,256 |
536580 | Distributed Sender Blackhole List | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distributed%20Sender%20Blackhole%20List | Distributed Sender Blackhole List
this list as part of a blocking system.
- list.dsbl.org: The trusted list contains IP addresses of hosts that have delivered listme messages triggered by trusted testers.
- multihop.dsbl.org: The multihop list contains IP addresses of hosts that deliver mail for insecure servers. The... | 6,130,257 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
Rod (unit)
The rod or perch or pole is a surveyor’s tool and unit of length exactly equal to yards, 16 feet, of a statute mile or one-fourth of a surveyor's chain (approximately 5.0292 meters). The rod is useful as a unit of length because whole number multiples of it can form one acre of square measure. Th... | 6,130,258 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
are made of more dimensionally regular materials. Its name derives from the Ancient Roman unit, the "pertica".
The measure also has a relationship to the military pike of about the same size. Both measures date from the sixteenth century, when the pike was still utilized in national armies. The tool, normal... | 6,130,259 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
In dialectal English the term "lug" has also been used.
# History.
In England, the perch was officially discouraged in favour of the rod as early as the 15th century; however, local customs maintained its use. In the 13th century perches were variously recorded in lengths of , , and ; and even as late as 1... | 6,130,260 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
of landmarks and lists was used. Henry wanted to raise even more funds for his wars than he'd seized directly from church property (he'd also assumed the debts of Monasteries), and as James Burke writes and quotes in the book "Connections": the English monk Richard Benese "produced a book on how to survey la... | 6,130,261 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
is a larger unit of length measuring , or 22 yards, or 100 links, or 4 rods (20.1168 meters). There are 10 chains or 40 rods in a furlong (eighth-mile), and so 80 chains or 320 rods in one statute mile (1760 yards, 1609.344 m, 1.609344 km); the definition of which was set by Royal surveyor (called the 'sworn... | 6,130,262 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
Henry was raising cash for wars against Scotland and France. Consequently, the surveyor's chain and surveyor rods or poles (the perch) have been used for several centuries in Britain and in many other countries influenced by British practices such as North America and Australia. By the time of the industrial... | 6,130,263 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
With a direct ratio to the length of a surveyor's chain and the sides of both an acre and a square (mile), they were common tools used by surveyors, if only to lay out a known plottable baseline in rough terrain thereafter serving as the reference line for instrumental (theodolite) triangulations.
The rod a... | 6,130,264 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
an arpent equalled 120 Roman feet. The related unit of square measure was the "scrupulum" or "decempeda quadrata", equivalent to about .
## In continental Europe.
Units comparable to the perch, pole or rod were used in many European countries, with names that include and "canne", , and "pertica", and . The... | 6,130,265 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
1620 by Edmund Gunter at exactly four rods. Fields were measured in "acres", which were one chain (four rods) by one furlong (in the United Kingdom, ten chains).
Bars of metal one rod long were used as standards of length when surveying land. The rod was still in use as a common unit of measurement in the m... | 6,130,266 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
rather than actual area. Four Scottish roods made up a Scottish acre.
As in England, "rood" was also used to mean a cross or crucifix, whence "Holyrood" (the name of the new Scottish parliament), an Anglicisation of the Lowland Scots "haly ruid" (holy cross), and also "The Dream of the Rood".
Equivalent to... | 6,130,267 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
inch and survey foot) are based on the pre-1959 values for United States customary units of linear measurement. The Mendenhall Order of 1893 defined the yard as exactly meters, with all other units of linear measurement, including the rod, based on the yard.
In 1959, an international agreement (the Internat... | 6,130,268 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
canoeing, maps measure portages (overland paths where canoes must be carried) in rods; typical canoes are approximately one rod long. The term is also in widespread use in the acquisition of pipeline easements, as the offers for an easement are often expressed on a "price per rod".
In the United Kingdom, th... | 6,130,269 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
and bounds" method of land survey; as shown in this actual legal description of rural real estate:
# Area and volume.
The terms "pole", "perch", "rod" and "rood" have been used as units of area, and "perch" is also used as a unit of volume. As a unit of area, a "square perch" (the perch being standardized ... | 6,130,270 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
precise terms. Confusingly, "rod" was also sometimes used as a unit of area to refer to a rood.
However, in the traditional French-based system in some countries, 1 square "perche" is 42.21 square metres.
As of August 2013 perches and roods are used as government survey units in Jamaica. They appear on mos... | 6,130,271 |
536505 | Rod (unit) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rod%20(unit) | Rod (unit)
volume for stone and other masonry. A perch of masonry is the volume of a stone wall one perch () long, high, and thick. This is equivalent to exactly .
There are two different measurements for a perch depending on the type of masonry that is being built:
- 1. A dressed stone work is measured by the -cubic... | 6,130,272 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
Captive portal
A captive portal is a web page accessed with a web browser that is displayed to newly connected users of a Wi-Fi network before they are granted broader access to network resources. Captive portals are commonly used to present a landing or log-in page which may require authentication, pay... | 6,130,273 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
wired networks, such as apartment houses, hotel rooms, and business centers.
The captive portal is presented to the client and is stored either at the gateway or on a web server hosting the web page. Depending on the feature set of the gateway, websites or TCP ports can be white-listed so that the user ... | 6,130,274 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
this so that their own users take responsibility for their actions and to avoid any legal responsibility. Whether this delegation of responsibility is legally valid is a matter of debate.
Often captive portals are used for marketing and commercial communication purposes. Access to the Internet over open... | 6,130,275 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
has "completed" the captive portal. This allows the provider of this service to display or send advertisements to users who connect to the Wi-Fi access point. This type of service is also sometimes known as "social Wi-Fi", as they may ask for a social network account to login (such as Facebook). Over the... | 6,130,276 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
thus, the marketing use of the captive portal is a tool for lead generation (business contacts or potential clients).
# Implementation.
There is more than one way to implement a captive portal.
## HTTP redirect.
A common method is to direct all World Wide Web traffic to a web server, which returns an... | 6,130,277 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
to return a HTTP status code of 302 (redirect) to the captive portal of your choice.
## ICMP redirect.
Client traffic can also be redirected using ICMP redirect on the layer 3 level.
## Redirect by DNS.
When a client requests a World Wide Web resource, DNS is queried by the browser. In a captive port... | 6,130,278 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
DNS hijacking to perform an action similar to a man-in-the-middle attack. To limit the impact of DNS poisoning, a TTL of 0 is typically used.
# Circumvention of captive portals.
Captive portals have been known to have incomplete firewall rule sets. In some deployments, the rule set will route DNS reque... | 6,130,279 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
and supplemental applications such as Apple's Captive Portal Assistant can sometimes transparently bypass the display of captive portal content against the wishes of the service operator as long as they have access to correct credentials, or they may attempt to authenticate with incorrect or obsolete cre... | 6,130,280 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
and valid password, the MAC address of that computer or tablet can be entered into the router which will often continue to be connected through the captive portal as it shows to have the same MAC address as the computer or tablet that was previously connected.
# Limitations.
Some of these implementatio... | 6,130,281 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
target, and be allowed a route through the gateway. For this reason some captive portal solutions created extended authentication mechanisms to limit the risk for usurpation.
Captive portals often require the use of a web browser; this is usually the first application that users start after connected to... | 6,130,282 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
rely on DNS (e.g. if the application specifies the connection IP rather than the hostname). A similar problem can occur if the client uses AJAX or joins the network with pages already loaded into its web browser, causing undefined behavior (for example, corrupt messages appear) when such a page tries HTT... | 6,130,283 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
have Wi-Fi and a TCP/IP stack but do not have a web browser that supports HTTPS cannot use many captive portals. Such platforms include the Nintendo DS running a game that uses Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection. Non-browser authentication is possible using WISPr, an XML-based authentication protocol for this pur... | 6,130,284 |
536539 | Captive portal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Captive%20portal | Captive portal
ed on other protocols.
It is also possible for a platform vendor to enter into a service contract with the operator of a large number of captive portal hotspots to allow free or discounted access to the platform vendor's servers via the hotspot's walled garden. One such example is the 2005 deal between ... | 6,130,285 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
North American fraternity and sorority housing
North American fraternity and sorority housing refers largely to the houses or housing areas in which fraternity and sorority members live and work together. In addition to serving as housing, fraternity and sorority housing ... | 6,130,286 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
served as meeting rooms and houses that had boarding rooms.
The lodges came first and were largely replaced by houses with living accommodations. Lodges were often no more than rented rooms above stores or taverns. The idea of substantial fraternity housing caught on quic... | 6,130,287 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
often rented houses where they could live together, usually with a chaperone. This was in a day before colleges and universities had housing available. The first chapter house built by a women's fraternity was the one Alpha Phi erected one at Syracuse University in 1886.
... | 6,130,288 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
it did have a tendency to keep it from falling as the chapters could not afford (financially) to have members leaving school and no longer paying for their rooms.
The Inter-Sorority Congress of 1913 saw the establishment of uniform rules and regulations regarding life in ... | 6,130,289 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
lounge of some sort, access to which is often restricted to fully initiated members. Fraternities and sororities will also often maintain a chapter room, to which only initiates may ever be admitted and even whose existence may be kept secret. The walls of the house may be... | 6,130,290 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
and sorority houses are typically owned either by a corporation of alumni, the sponsoring national organization, or the host college. For this reason, such houses may be subject to the rules of the host college, the national organization, or both.
Due to the increase in w... | 6,130,291 |
536591 | North American fraternity and sorority housing | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North%20American%20fraternity%20and%20sorority%20housing | North American fraternity and sorority housing
les of the host college, the national organization, or both.
Due to the increase in widely publicized alcohol-related deaths on college campuses, many national organizations and host colleges have implemented dry housing policies in which the consumption and possession of... | 6,130,292 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
"The Adventure of the Lion's Mane" (1926), one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 12 stories in the cycle collected as "The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes". It is notable for being narrated ... | 6,130,293 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
trousers. He collapses, manages to say something about a "lion's mane", and then succumbs. He is observed to have red welts all over his back, possibly administered by a flexible weapon of some kind, for the marks curve over his shoulder and round his ribs.
Moments later, Ian Murdoch, ... | 6,130,294 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
been. Murdoch is an enigmatic fellow with an occasional bad temper. He once threw McPherson's dog through a plate-glass window, for instance. Despite this, Stackhurst is sure that the two were on good terms with each other.
McPherson also had a lover, and on further investigation, it t... | 6,130,295 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
the cliffs searched. Nothing and no-one turns up, which is what Holmes expected would be the case.
Stackhurst and Holmes decide to go and see Miss Bellamy to see whether she can shed any light on this perplexing mystery. Just as they are approaching The Haven, the Bellamys' house, they... | 6,130,296 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
and muscular brother. It seems that Mr. Bellamy and his son did not approve of the liaison between Maud and McPherson; indeed, they do not even find out about the engagement until this meeting, so secret had been the affair. Maud says that she will help however she can. It emerges that ... | 6,130,297 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
but he cannot quite place it.
Inspector Bardle of the Sussex Constabulary visits Holmes to ask if there is enough evidence to arrest Murdoch. Holmes is sure that there is not. Murdoch has an alibi. He also could not have singlehandedly overcome McPherson, who was quite strong, despite ... | 6,130,298 |
536586 | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20Adventure%20of%20the%20Lion's%20Mane | The Adventure of the Lion's Mane
he fainted twice in pain. He has the same wounds on him that McPherson had. In great agony, he passes out, but finally recovers.
At the bathing pond, Holmes spots the murderer: a Lion's Mane Jellyfish ("Cyanea capillata"), a deadly creature about which Holmes has read. Holmes takes a r... | 6,130,299 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.