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536662 | Infoganda | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Infoganda | Infoganda
ried propaganda in a news format.
However, despite superficial similarities with propaganda, the term infoganda refers to a very peculiar kind of propaganda. The infomercial format that has developed in the U.S. since 1990 has a specific format, which includes fabricated names for the reporters, scripted interviews with other supposedly neutral people, a maximum use of authority-projecting (costumed) professionals (doctors, lawyers, etc.), the use of statistics in the same way that news organizations use it, and other similarities to local news. Infoganda is the use of this format to sell propaganda to the viewers.
# See also.
- Advocacy journalism
- News propaganda
- Video news release | 6,130,500 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
Duke (disambiguation)
A duke is an aristocrat of very high rank.
Duke, Dukes, The Duke or The Dukes may also refer to:
# Geography.
- Duke, Missouri, an unincorporated community
- Duke Township, Harnett County, North Carolina
- Duke Township, Jackson County, Oklahoma – see List of Oklahoma townships
- (The) Duke City, a nickname for Albuquerque, New Mexico
# People and fictional characters.
- Duke (surname)
- Duke (nickname)
- Dukes (surname)
- Duke Ellington (1899-1974), American composer, pianist, and leader of a jazz orchestra
- Duke (Lombard), a type of political and military commander of the Lombards, 5th–8th centuries
- Duke Ihenacho (born 1989), American National Football | 6,130,501 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
League player
- Duke Kahanamoku (1890–1968), Hawaiian swimmer and surfer
- Duke McKenzie (born 1963), British retired boxer
## Fictional characters.
- Duke (G.I. Joe), from the G.I. Joe TV series, toy line and comic book series
- Uncle Duke, from "Doonesbury"
- Tony "Duke" Evers, in the "Rocky" films
- Duke Lavery, on the American soap opera "General Hospital"
- Duke, from ""
- Duke of New York, aka "The Duke, A Number One", gang leader in "Escape from New York"
- Duke Nukem (character), fictional character and action hero who has been the protagonist in over a dozen video games
- Duke, protagonist of the eponymous novel by Hal Ellson
- Duke, family pet in the television series "The | 6,130,502 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
Beverly Hillbillies"
- Duke, anthropomorphic dog with a southern accent in the comic "Kelly & Duke"
- Duke, a golden retriever who appears in commercials of Tennessee food producer Bush Brothers and Company (Bush's Baked Beans)
- Duke, the dog from "Barnyard" (film)
- Duke, a dog from "The Secret Life of Pets"
- Duke Forrest, a character from the film version of "M*A*S*H"
- Duke, a POW from the play and film "Stalag 17"
- Duke Oda, the player in the game "Cyber Police ESWAT"
# Sports.
- Duke Blue Devils, the athletic program of Duke University
- Duquesne Dukes, the athletic program of Duquesne University in Pittsburgh
- James Madison Dukes, the athletic program of James Madison University | 6,130,503 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
in Harrisonburg, Virginia
- The Duke (racehorse), a 19th-century racing champion
- "The Duke", the official nickname of the game ball used in the National Football League of American football
- Albuquerque Dukes, a former Triple A Baseball team
- Duluth–Superior Dukes (1960–1970 team), a minor league baseball team
- Duluth–Superior Dukes (1993–2002 team), a professional baseball team
- Ingolstadt Dukes, an American football team from Ingolstadt, Germany
- Wellington Dukes, a Junior "A" ice hockey team from Wellington, Ontario, Canada
- Duke Snider, nicknamed "The Duke of Flatbush", an American professional baseball player
# In business.
- Duke (New Zealand), a television channel owned | 6,130,504 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
by Television New Zealand
- Dukes Aerospace, a valve manufacturer and subsidiary of TransDigm Group
- Duke Energy, a producer of gas and electric services in the United States
- Duke Realty, a real estate investment trust in the United States
- Duke Records, a Memphis, Tennessee record label active from 1952 to 1973
- Duke Video, Motorsport DVD distributor based in the Isle of Man
- Duke's, an Indian soft drink brand of Duke and Sons
- Dukes brand cricket ball, manufactured by British Cricket Balls Ltd
# In the military.
- , various ships and a shore establishment of the Royal Navy
- Duke Field, a US Air Force airport in Florida
- Forward Operating Base Duke, a former US base in Iraq
# | 6,130,505 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
Transportation.
- Beechcraft Duke, a twin-engined airplane developed by Beechcraft in the 1960s and manufactured until 1983
- Duke motorcycles, such as the KTM 690 Duke and the KTM 390 Duke
- "The Duke", a short-lived 0-6-0 steam locomotive built in 1817 by George Stephenson for the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway
- GWR 3252 Class, or Duke Class, steam locomotive
# Technology.
- Dukes classification, a system for classifying colorectal cancers
- Duke (mascot), the mascot of the Java programming language
- Duke language, an Oceanic language
- Duke butterflies, species of the brush-footed butterfly genera
- Duke, an electronic countermeasure (jammer) specifically designed for radio-controlled | 6,130,506 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
improvised explosive devices (RCIED)
- Xbox Controller, often nicknamed the Duke
# Film and television.
- "The Duke" (TV series), 1954
- "The Duke" (miniseries), 1979
- "The Duke" (TV talk show), 2009, TV talk show for men by AXN Asia
- "The Duke" (1999 film), a 1999 Disney film
- "The Duke" (1998 film), a 1998 short film
- "The Dukes" (TV series), an animated spinoff of "The Dukes of Hazzard" 1983
- "The Dukes" (film), a 2007 film with Chazz Palminteri
# Music.
## Bands and musicians.
- Duke Ellington, American jazz pianist, composer and arranger
- The Dukes (New Zealand band), a rock group from New Zealand
- The Dukes (Australian band), rock band
- The Dukes (British band), | 6,130,507 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
a band featuring Miller Anderson and Jimmy McCulloch and their album "The Dukes"
- Duke (musician), a British vocalist/songwriter/composer/producer
- Rich Ward, guitarist of metal band Fozzy whose stage name is "The Duke"
- MC Duke, a British rapper
- The Duhks, a Canadian folk band
## Albums.
- "Duke" (album) (1980), by Genesis
- "The Duke" (Jørn Lande album) (2006), by Jørn Lande
- "The Duke" (Joe Jackson album) (2012)
## Songs.
- "The Duke" (Dave Brubeck song), a jazz standard penned by Dave Brubeck 1957
- "The Duke", a song by Blind Melon from "Soup"
# In print.
- "Duke: The Life and Times of John Wayne" (1985)
- "Duke" (magazine), a defunct African-American men's magazine
- | 6,130,508 |
536666 | Duke (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke%20(disambiguation) | Duke (disambiguation)
bum) (2006), by Jørn Lande
- "The Duke" (Joe Jackson album) (2012)
## Songs.
- "The Duke" (Dave Brubeck song), a jazz standard penned by Dave Brubeck 1957
- "The Duke", a song by Blind Melon from "Soup"
# In print.
- "Duke: The Life and Times of John Wayne" (1985)
- "Duke" (magazine), a defunct African-American men's magazine
- "Duke", a 1949 novel by Hal Ellson
# Other uses.
- Duke University, a private research university in Durham, North Carolina
- The Duke (board game)
- The Dukes (Lancaster), formerly known as the Duke's Playhouse, a theatre in Lancaster, England
- "Duke", an old English paper size measuring 7×5.5 inches (178×140 mm)
# See also.
- Duchess (disambiguation) | 6,130,509 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
Jak and Daxter
Jak and Daxter is a video game franchise created by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin and owned by Sony Computer Entertainment. The series was developed by Naughty Dog with a number of installments being outsourced to Ready at Dawn and High Impact Games. The , released on December 3, 2001, was one of the earliest titles for the PlayStation 2, and is regarded as a defining franchise for the console.
The games are considered story-based platformers that feature a mixture of action, racing and puzzle solving. The series is set in a fictional universe that incorporates science fantasy elements, and centers on the eponymous characters as they try to uncover the secrets of their world, and | 6,130,510 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
unravel the mysteries left behind by an ancient race of "Precursors".
The first three games in the series were re-released on the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita as part of a remastered collection that includes support for the PlayStation Network and the PlayStation Suite. The remastered collection was handled by Mass Media Inc. with Naughty Dog assisting with the conversion of the games. The series has also produced various forms of extended media and merchandise, and has sold over 12 million copies worldwide.
On April 3, 2017, PlayStation announced that the original three Jak and Daxter games, along with "", will be ported to the PlayStation 4. "" was released on August 22 of the same | 6,130,511 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
year, alongside the release of "". Later on December 6, "Jak II", "Jak 3" and "Jak X: Combat Racing" were released.
# Development.
Naughty Dog began work on a new game shortly after the release of the sixth-generation of consoles. Only two programmers were originally allocated to the project, as the rest of the department was still developing "Crash Team Racing". They began by building a new graphics engine that would be capable of rendering a seamlessly connected, open world environment. They then developed a fully articulated character to examine the engines efficiency, before presenting the idea to Sony Computer Entertainment following the completion of "Crash Team Racing". The aim of their | 6,130,512 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
new title was to break away from the linear approach taken in the "Crash Bandicoot" series, with minimal story and character development, and individually loaded levels. In a behind the scenes special by "Naughty Dog" it was revealed that a new blend animation had been utilised for the game, allowing for a smoother frame rate and animation process. The engine for "Jak and Daxter" was created from the ground-up specifically for the game. Unusually for most games, Naughty Dog invented a new programming language, GOAL, which was only ever used for the "Jak and Daxter" series.
"Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy" was revealed at E3 in June 2001. The game had a budget of $14 million and a development | 6,130,513 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
cycle that lasted nearly three years. In that time, they managed to create a fully interactive world and conceived a narrative that would allow for more meaningful character development. The two central characters also went through a rigid design process that took inspiration from both Manga and Disney animation. They had initially planned on introducing a third character who would evolve as the game progressed in a Tamogotchi-style fashion. However, this idea
was scrapped as it led to several unnecessary complications. The game's soundtrack was recorded at Mutato Muzika Studios, and was produced by Mark Mothersbaugh with Josh Mancell composing the score.
"Jak and Daxter: The Lost Frontier" | 6,130,514 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
was originally planned as a PlayStation Portable exclusive and was in the process of being developed by Naughty Dog when it was cancelled. Evan Wells revealed that they were unable to sustain the game's development alongside "" and made the decision to pass the project onto High Impact Games. Naughty Dog later acknowledged:
# Gameplay.
The "Jak and Daxter" series is primarily a story-based platformer presented in the third person perspective. The player can explore a multitude of different areas in an open world environment and can perform several melee attacks. A substance called Eco can also be manipulated to enhance the players abilities. Different coloured Eco has different effects. Red | 6,130,515 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
Eco enhances the damage dealt, Blue Eco makes Jak attract Precursor orbs and Eco, and lets him operate machines. Green Eco restores health, and Yellow Eco lets Jak shoot fire from his hands. A hover bike called a "Zoomer" and a large bird known as a "Flut-Flut" are also available for transportation and to gain access to hard to reach places. Power cells and Precursor orbs are required to advance the story in "The Precursor Legacy", while completing story related missions unlock new locations in all subsequent entries.
Shooting elements are introduced in "Jak II", which feature customisable weapons and other varied forms of combat. Several features from the previous game also expanded upon. | 6,130,516 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
An example is that Jak has many different gun mods. Each one is a certain colour, either Red, Blue, Yellow or Dark. Red gun mods, make the gun similar to a shotgun. Blue lets it fire as a machine-gun. Yellow mods are for long range shooting, and Dark mods are for utmost power. Daxter is also a playable character and features in several Crash Bandicoot-esque missions. Dark Eco powers also become available, which is countered by the introduction of Light Eco powers in "Jak 3". Driving becomes a core ingredient and is further expanded upon in "Jak 3". In "The Lost Frontier" aerial combat is integrated into the series. Precursor orbs can be collected in each game to unlock cheats.
"Jak X" deviates | 6,130,517 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
from the series' more traditional style of gameplay, adapting into the racing genre, and is based on the driving mechanics developed for "Jak 3". Several extras can be unlocked for "Jak X" and "Daxter" by linking up the save files from the two respective games, and several player skins can be unlocked if the player has save files from "", "Jak II", "Jak 3" and Insomniac Games "".
# Common elements.
## Setting.
"Jak and Daxter" is set in a fictional universe. The first game takes place in a world brimming with various natural environments that are encompassed by village settlements, and ancient Precursors ruins can be found dotted throughout the landscape. An elemental substance called Eco | 6,130,518 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
is prominent throughout the game and is considered the world's life source. Eco comes in several forms, Red Eco, Blue Eco, Yellow Eco, Green Eco, Light Eco and Dark Eco, each with different prospective effects. Subsequent entries are set in a future setting that has witnessed large advancements in both society and technology. There are many distinct and differing environments available to discover and explore.
## Characters.
The "Jak and Daxter" universe is populated primarily by a humanoid elf-like species. Jak is the main protagonist of the series, and is playable in every game with the exception of "Daxter". In "The Precursor Legacy", he accidentally turns Daxter from a human into an ottsel | 6,130,519 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
(a fictional hybrid of an otter and weasel) and sets out to undo the transformation. In "Jak II", he is infused with Dark Eco due to experimentation's performed by Baron Praxis, and in "Jak 3" he is blessed with Light Eco by the Precursors. In "Jak X", he is forced to race in the Kras City Grand Championship in order to save his life. He later travels to The Brink to investigate the Eco shortage that is ravaging his world in "The Lost Frontier".
Daxter is Jak's sidekick, and is often found getting into trouble. Daxter was once human but fell into a pit of Dark Eco in the opening cutscene of the first game in the series, which turned him into an ottsel. He rescues Jak at the beginning of "Jak | 6,130,520 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
II", and becomes playable intermittently for the first time in the series. In "Jak 3" his role is expanded, and he gets a pair of pants as a reward for his efforts, as was an ongoing gag in the game. In Daxter, he details his adventures in the two-year time span before he managed to break Jak out of prison. In "Jak X", he accompanies Jak and his friends to Kras City, and assists them as they compete in the Kras City Grand Championship. He later travels with Jak and Keira to The Brink in "The Lost Frontier".
# Reception.
The series received critical acclaim from critics, some called it "the best action platformers of [that] generation".
IGN gave praise to the "huge worlds, memorable characters, | 6,130,521 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
action packed stories, and great gameplay."
GameSpot gave similar high praise, saying "its tight execution and heavy action elements ensure that things never become dull", and that "it manages to provide a rewarding gameplay experience that shouldn't be missed."
Game Informer noted "the series was driven by a restless sense of innovation", praising "Naughty Dog's work in this franchise (for creating) great characters, finely tuned gameplay, and a unceasing inventiveness", and felt "the "Jak" games stand up as epic adventures."
Eurogamer stated that "the "Jak and Daxter" series may not be as solid a platformer as "Sly Cooper" and its gunplay isn't as refined as "Ratchet & Clanks" – but in | 6,130,522 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
terms of ambition, invention and grandiosity, it remains leagues above its last-gen platforming brethren". They further stated : "The Jak and Daxter series remains a fascinating document of the evolution of the action adventure; its heroes are unstuck in time, without a genre to call home. No series has been so willing to switch gameplay styles with such reckless abandon, and "The Jak and Daxter Trilogy" represents a shining example of what happens when a capable developer takes a huge risk."
The series has sold over 12 million copies worldwide and holds seven world records in the Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition 2008 including the First Seamless 3D World in a Console Game.
# Merchandise.
Naughty | 6,130,523 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
Dog have released various forms of merchandise since the series inception. These include strategy guides for each game, several forms of clothing and collectible figures A limited edition Precursor orb was also released to celebrate the series' 10th anniversary.
# Miscellaneous media.
The "Jak and Daxter" series has been featured in a variety of other media since its inception.
- In "LittleBigPlanet", "2" and "Karting", a Jak costume and a Daxter costume are available for Sackboy through bonus add-ons.
- Jak and Daxter appeared as playable characters in the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita title "PlayStation All-Stars Battle Royale".
- In "", Jak appears as an alternate skin for Ratchet.
- | 6,130,524 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
In "", Daxter appears wearing a leopard loincloth as a museum treasure. Its description reads "The Lutrela Nivadensis is a rare hybrid species of the Carnivora family. It is known for its orange fur and loud mouth."
- A "Strange Relic" can be discovered in multiple games in the "Uncharted series", another game series developed by Naughty Dog. It is a copy of the Precursor orbs found in the Jak and Daxter universe, and when translated reads "NaughtyDog, Madman."
- Jak appears alongside Ratchet as a playable character in "Hot Shots Golf Fore!" Daxter acts as a golf caddy.
- Jak and Daxter appear on posters in various games in the "Ratchet & Clank" universe.
- Jak and Daxter appear in several | 6,130,525 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
background cameos in "".
- Daxter is referenced in "", with "Ottsel" written across Nathan Drake's swimsuit, and a picture of Daxter's face on the sleeve.
- Daxter is featured as a free DLC character in the PlayStation 3 exclusive game "PAIN".
- In "", a pair of Jak Goggles can be purchased from the PlayStation Store for use in multiplayer.
- In "The Last of Us", Jak and Daxter make several cameos in the form of easter eggs and unlockable outfits.
- In "The Order 1886", Daxter appears in the form of an easter egg. The game is developed by Ready at Dawn.
# Future.
Evan Wells revealed that they had explored the idea of making a new game extensively before the development began on "The Last | 6,130,526 |
536652 | Jak and Daxter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jak%20and%20Daxter | Jak and Daxter
developed by Ready at Dawn.
# Future.
Evan Wells revealed that they had explored the idea of making a new game extensively before the development began on "The Last of Us". Creative director Neil Druckmann later unveiled several illustrations for the abandoned game at a conference for "The Last of Us". He explained that they had planned on making a reboot of the series and had spent a long time exploring various concepts.
In response to an alleged concept art leak in 2016, Naughty Dog's Director of Communication Arne Meyer stated that nothing was currently being worked on. Also, due to circumstances at Naughty Dog, Jak and Daxter has not yet been reconsidered, but is never off the table. | 6,130,527 |
536674 | Gender gap | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gender%20gap | Gender gap
Gender gap
Gender gap may refer to:
- Gender pay gap
- Gender gaps in mathematics and reading
- "The Gender Gap: Bella Abzug's Guide to Political Power for American Women", a book by Bella Abzug
- Gender bias on Wikipedia
# See also.
- "Global Gender Gap Report", published by the World Economic Forum | 6,130,528 |
536675 | List of cities and towns in Oklahoma | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20cities%20and%20towns%20in%20Oklahoma | List of cities and towns in Oklahoma
List of cities and towns in Oklahoma
Oklahoma is a state located in the Southern United States. According to the 2010 United States Census, Oklahoma is the 28th most populous state with inhabitants but the 19th largest by land area spanning of land. Oklahoma is divided into 77 counties and contains 597 incorporated municipalities consisting of cities and towns.
In Oklahoma, cities are all those incorporated communities which are 1000 or more in population and are incorporated as cities. Towns are limited to town board type of municipal government. Cities may choose among aldermanic, mayoral, council-manager, and home-rule charter types of government. Cities may also petition to incorporate | 6,130,529 |
536675 | List of cities and towns in Oklahoma | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20cities%20and%20towns%20in%20Oklahoma | List of cities and towns in Oklahoma
Southern United States. According to the 2010 United States Census, Oklahoma is the 28th most populous state with inhabitants but the 19th largest by land area spanning of land. Oklahoma is divided into 77 counties and contains 597 incorporated municipalities consisting of cities and towns.
In Oklahoma, cities are all those incorporated communities which are 1000 or more in population and are incorporated as cities. Towns are limited to town board type of municipal government. Cities may choose among aldermanic, mayoral, council-manager, and home-rule charter types of government. Cities may also petition to incorporate as towns.
# See also.
- List of unincorporated communities in Oklahoma | 6,130,530 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
Wooster Square
Wooster Square is a neighborhood in the city of New Haven, Connecticut to the east of downtown. The name refers to a park square (named for the American Revolutionary War hero, David Wooster) located between Greene Street, Wooster Place, Chapel Street and Academy Street in the center of the neighborhood. Wooster Square is also known as Little Italy: a bastion of Italian American culture and cuisine, and is home to some of New Haven's (and the country's), best-known pizza (specifically, apizza) eateries, including Frank Pepe Pizzeria Napoletana and Sally's Apizza. The square and much of the neighborhood are included in the Wooster Square Historic District, which was listed on the | 6,130,531 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
National Register of Historic Places in 1971.
An annual Cherry Blossom Festival in Wooster Square Park commemorates the planting of 72 Yoshino Japanese cherry blossom trees in 1973 by the New Haven Historic Commission in collaboration with the New Haven Parks Department and neighborhood residents. The festival, founded and organized by the Historic Wooster Square Association, has grown from a modest event in the early 1970s with a local band entertaining a handful of neighbors under lighted trees to a major New Haven event that in 2016 attracted over 10,000 visitors.
# Geography.
The Wooster Square neighborhood consists of the area between the Amtrak railroad tracks (serving as the boundary | 6,130,532 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
with Downtown New Haven) and Interstate 91 (between Exits 1 and 3), bounded on the south by the Oak Street Connector. It is bordered on the west by Downtown New Haven, on the south by Long Wharf, on the east by the neighborhood of Mill River, and on the north by East Rock.
# History.
Wooster Square takes its name from Revolutionary War General David Wooster, who had a warehouse near Water Street. In 1825 the land was purchased by the city of New Haven and incorporated into the city. At that time, the area was close to the city's waterfront (it is now farther inland due to harbor filling), and by the 1840s it had become a residential area where ship captains and wholesale grocers built large | 6,130,533 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
houses near the port. As a result, Wooster Square now includes a concentrated collection of distinctive 19th-century residential architecture, including several buildings by New Haven architect Henry Austin. Included are examples of the Federal, Greek Revival, Islamic Revival, and Italian Villa styles, Late Victorian Italianate row houses, and Second Empire and Queen Anne homes.
By the late 19th century, increased industrial activity in the vicinity made Wooster Square less desirable as a residential neighborhood, and Italian immigrant families began to move in and operate small stores out of their homes. This commercial activity damaged the neighborhood's reputation, and the area was targeted | 6,130,534 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
for demolition and redevelopment as early as the 1930s. In the mid-1950s, plans called for building Interstate 91 through Wooster Square Park, but the Wooster Square Project, which started in 1958, began a neighborhood revival and resulted in re-routing of the highway.
# Culture and commerce.
Wooster Square is home to restaurants and bakeries known for their pizza and Italian pastries, local businesses, and a weekly farmer's market, City Seed. Its walkable proximity to Downtown New Haven, its architecture, and its neighborhood feel, make it one of the most sought-after New Haven neighborhoods in which to live. It also has a thriving art scene.
A sycamore tree on the west side of Wooster Square | 6,130,535 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
Park has been said by some observers to resemble an outline image of Jesus Christ.
# List of streets.
- Academy Street
- Artizan Street
- Bradley Street
- Bridge Street
- Brown Street
- Chapel Street
- Chestnut Street
- Court Street
- Depalma Court
- East Street
- Fair Street
- Forbes Avenue
- Franklin Street
- Grand Avenue
- Greene Street
- Hamilton Street
- Hughes Place
- Ives Place
- Jefferson
- Lyon Street
- New Street
- Olive Street
- Osborn Street
- Saint John Street
- Union Street
- Wallace Street
- Warren Street
- Water Street
- William Street
- Wooster Place
- Wooster Street (named for Revolutionary War hero David Wooster)
# See also.
- Wooster Square | 6,130,536 |
536670 | Wooster Square | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wooster%20Square | Wooster Square
also.
- Wooster Square Historic District
# References.
## General sources.
- Harrison's Illustrated Guide: Greater New Haven
- Michael Sletcher, "New Haven: From Puritanism to the Age of Terrorism", (Charleston, 2004)
# Further reading.
- Elizabeth Mills Brown, "Historic Houses of Wooster Square, The", ASIN B0007FO856, (1969)
- Mary Hommann, "Wooster Square Design", ASIN B0006C97DS, (New Haven Redevelopment Agency, 1965)
- Virginia Marangell, "Wooster Square", , (2004)
# External links.
- Wooster Square Historic District, New Haven Preservation Trust website (text excerpt from NRHP nomination, plus gallery of 9 photos)
- Wooster Square photo
- Historic Wooster Square Association | 6,130,537 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
American Chemistry Council
The American Chemistry Council (ACC), formerly known as the Manufacturing Chemists' Association (at its founding in 1872) and then as the Chemical Manufacturers' Association (from 1978 until 2000), is an industry trade association for American chemical companies, based in Washington, D.C.
# Activities.
The mission of the American Chemistry Council is to promote the interests of companies engaged in the business of chemistry. The trade group represents US chemical companies as well as the plastics and chlorine industries, formerly known as the American Plastics Council, the Center for the Polyurethanes Industry and the Chlorine Chemistry Council.
The ACC implemented | 6,130,538 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
the Responsible Care program in 1988. At least 52 countries have implemented this initiative. It is managed at a global level by the International Council of Chemical Associations.
The ACC has a political action committee that gives money to members of the Congress of the United States.
The ACC launched a $35 million "essential2" public relations campaign in 2005. "essential2" attempted to improve the industry's image by emphasizing the importance of chemical industry products – especially plastics – to everyday life, and by using the term "American Chemistry" rather than "chemical industry". The ACC later shifted to a more directed lobbying and policy-shaping effort, including taking legal | 6,130,539 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
action against federal efforts to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from industry.
# Criticism.
Some critics believe that the Responsible Care program is intended to help the industry avoid regulation by imposing its own safety and environmental regulations, and to improve its public image in the wake of the 1984 Bhopal disaster. Defenders of the Responsible Care standard claim the program has improved safety and that its standards are higher than some OSHA regulations.
Environmentalists and those concerned about the health effects of chemicals in the environment traditionally oppose the ACC's initiatives. They view campaigns like "essential2" as efforts to distract public attention away | 6,130,540 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
from products and practices that they view as harmful and dangerous. Among the most vocal opponents are groups such as Pesticide Action Network and Environmental Working Group.
The American Chemistry Council is involved in and shaping public policy discussions when necessary to defend its members' special needs from the effects of legislation. This has proven particularly true when the public interest points to changes in industry practice that might be detrimental to the relative financial success of members. By combining funds from the collective chemical industry as a whole and then using this money to steer public debate, the American Chemistry Council has repeatedly demonstrated its efficiency | 6,130,541 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
at obtaining outcomes favorable for the special interests of the chemical industry.
Sometime in 2008, the ACC launched a campaign to oppose California SB1713 – a bill to ban bisphenol A statewide – including bulk postal mailings in July and August encouraging California citizens to demand opposition of their representing legislators.
The American Chemistry Council's stance on chemical regulation was heavily criticized in the 2015 documentary Stink!.
# Plastic bag regulation.
The ACC has engaged repeatedly in fighting governmental restrictions and bans on plastic shopping bags. The phase-out of lightweight plastic bags has been proposed or implemented in many countries since 2002. In the | 6,130,542 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
United States, in July 2008, the Seattle City Council voted to impose an additional 20 cent fee on each plastic bag purchased from stores by shoppers as a convenience for transportation of goods. This effort was suspended until a referendum could be held in 2009, allowing voters a chance to weigh in on the issue of whether they should continue to be encouraged to support industry by purchasing plastic bags without considering disposal costs. During the period leading up to the referendum vote the American Chemistry Council stepped into this local affair, ultimately spending some $1.4 million on their successful effort to thwart the proposed system of fully accounting for the cost of plastic | 6,130,543 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
bags. Seattle in 2012 overcame ACC objections and successfully enacted a bag ban.
In 2010 the ACC was quoted by "The New York Times" in opposition to a California bill to outlaw plastic bags, claiming that new law "amounts to a $1 billion tax added to [Californian's] grocery bills."
But subsequent ACC efforts to prevent adoption of municipal ordinances banning plastic bags have not been successful. Over ACC opposition, San Jose, California, in 2010 adopted California's strictest ban. The ordinance, in effect since 2012, prohibits supermarkets, pharmacies, corner shops and others from distributing single-use plastic bags, with fines for violations. Retailers can sell paper bags made of 40 percent | 6,130,544 |
536673 | American Chemistry Council | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Chemistry%20Council | American Chemistry Council
ts supermarkets, pharmacies, corner shops and others from distributing single-use plastic bags, with fines for violations. Retailers can sell paper bags made of 40 percent recycled materials for 10 cents each, gradually increasing to 25 cents by 2014. In 2016, California voters approved a statewide ban on carry-out plastic bags.
# See also.
- American Council on Science and Health
- American Chemical Society
# External links.
- AmericanChemistry.com (official website)
- PlasticsMythBuster.org (another American Chemistry Council site)
- Responsible Care Global Initiative
- Lobby Watch: The Center for Public Integrity ACC profile
- BisphenolA (another site owned by American Chemistry) | 6,130,545 |
536692 | Batelco | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batelco | Batelco
Batelco
Bahrain Telecommunication Company BSC, trading as Batelco, () is the principal telecommunications company in Bahrain. The company’s headquarters are in Bahrain and the company is listed on the Bahrain Bourse. The Chairman of the Board is Abdulla Bin Khalifa Al Khalifa.
It provides services for mobiles through GSM 900 / GSM 1800 / GSM 2100 and LTE 1800 while its residential Internet is an ADSL, Wireless (3G/4G) or FTTH service. Batelco is Bahrain's sole Internet service provider.
# Ownership.
Batelco was established in 1981 as a Bahraini public joint stock company and has an authorized share capital of BD200 million (US$531 million).
Batelco's major shareholders include Orascom Investment | 6,130,546 |
536692 | Batelco | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batelco | Batelco
Holding by 60% and Government of Bahrain entities by 40% (Mumtalakat Holding Company, Amber Holding Company and Social Insurance Organisation), various financial and commercial organizations, and private Bahraini, Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) and international investors.
The Batelco Group has evolved to become a major communications company with direct and indirect investments across 14 geographies.
# Employees.
Batelco employs approximately 1,300 people in Bahrain.
# Mergers and acquisitions.
- 1998: 44% of Qualitynet was acquired by Batelco in a public offering by Kuwait's Ministry of Communication, as part of a strategy to privatise Internet and data communications services | 6,130,547 |
536692 | Batelco | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batelco | Batelco
within the State of Kuwait.
- 2001: Batelco Jordan was formed following the merger of National Equipment Telecommunications Systems (NETS) and First Telecommunications Group (FTG) with Batelco.
- 2003: Batelco Egypt Communications (S.A.E.) was established as a wholly owned subsidiary of Batelco Middle East, in Cairo as an Egyptian Joint Stock Closed Company.
- 2006: Batelco purchases 96% share of Umniah Mobile Communications – Jordan.
- 2007: Batelco purchased a 20% stake in Yemen's SabaFon mobile communications company, for US$144 million in cash.
- 2008: Consortiums led by Batelco, Hong Kong's PCCW and U.S. Verizon Communications won final approval to operate a new Saudi fixed-line phone | 6,130,548 |
536692 | Batelco | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batelco | Batelco
network called Etihad Atheeb Telecom Company. Etihad Atheeb has since gone public in February 2009, offering 30 million shares at SAR 10 per share (US$2.67) representing 30% of its capital in an IPO; which was 2.5 times oversubscribed. The IPO raised US$80 million.
- 2009: Batelco partnered with Millennium Private Equity to form Batelco Millennium India Company Limited (BMICL) to purchase 49% stake in Chennai based S Tel Limited, a recently established Indian mobile operator for US$225 million.
- 2012: Batelco announced its agreement for the sale of its shareholding (42.7% equity) in S Tel Private Limited (STel) to its Indian partner, Sky City Foundation Limited for BD 65.8M (US$174.5M).
- | 6,130,549 |
536692 | Batelco | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batelco | Batelco
Tel Limited, a recently established Indian mobile operator for US$225 million.
- 2012: Batelco announced its agreement for the sale of its shareholding (42.7% equity) in S Tel Private Limited (STel) to its Indian partner, Sky City Foundation Limited for BD 65.8M (US$174.5M).
- 2013: Batelco announced the acquisition of Cable & Wireless Communications' (CWC) interest in Dhiraagu (Maldives), Sure Channel Islands and Isle of Man and CWC operations in Falkland Islands, St Helena, Ascension and Diego Garcia (“SADG”). Total consideration paid for these assets was $570M.
- 2014: Batelco Group completes acquisition of 46% shareholding in Quality Net.
# See also.
- Telecommunications in Bahrain | 6,130,550 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
Alwar
Alwar located 150 km south of Delhi and 150 km north of Jaipur, is a city in India's National Capital Region and the administrative headquarters of Alwar District in the state of Rajasthan. Alwar is a hub of tourism with several forts, lakes, heritage havelis and nature reserves, including the Bhangarh Fort, the Sariska Tiger Reserve and Siliserh lake.
# History.
## Early history.
Alwar was a part of the Matsya Kingdom, one of the sixteen ancient Mahājanapadas.
## Medieval.
The history of Alwar dates back to 1000 CE. The king of Amer (the former seat of Jaipur state) ruled the area in the eleventh century and his territory extended up to the present-day city of Alwar. He founded the | 6,130,551 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
city of Alpur in 1106 Vikrami samvat (1049 CE) under his own name, which eventually became Alwar. From time to time, a different Rajput sub-clan came to rule Alwar. Examples include the Khanzada Rajputs, the Nikumbh Rajputs, the Badgujjar Rajputs, and finally the Naruka (Kachwaha) Rajputs who took the control over this area. Bhadanakas (Bhadana) clan of Gurjar, The Maratha Empire and Jats of Bharatpur State also ruled this region for a short period. A Rajput, Partap Singh, took the Alwar Fort from the Jat Raja of Bharatpur and laid down the foundation for modern day Alwar.
The Hindu King Hemchandra Vikramaditya (Hemu), born into a Brahmin family in Machari, a village in Alwar, was a Hindu emperor | 6,130,552 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
of North India during the 16th century. This was a period when the Mughals and Afghans were vying for power in the region. Hemu acceded to the throne of Delhi on 7 October 1556 after defeating Akbar's Mughal forces in the Battle of Delhi in the Tughlakabad area in Delhi, and became the "de facto" king. He won twenty-two battles in succession and became the last Hindu emperor of India.
## Colonial era.
Alwar State, a princely state established in 1770, was established by a Kachwaha Rajput named Pratap Singh who was earlier a jagirdar of "Dhai Gaon" (two-and-a-half villages) near Machari. His successor "Bakhtawar Singh Kachwaha" was defeated after launching an armed incursion into neighbouring | 6,130,553 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
Jaipur State (ruled by their Kachwaha seniors, erstwhile overlords of his predecessor) and being forced to accept the consequent treaty mediated by East India Company prohibiting him from political relations with other states without the consent of the colonial British. According to the "Gazetteer of Ulwar" published by the British raj, Alwar State was subdivided into four regions:
- Rath region: current Behror and Neemrana, was ruled by Lah Chauhan rajput zamindar who had descended from Prithviraj Chauhan. Sahesh Mal was a son of Raja Sangat Singh Chauhan. Sangat was the great grandson of Chahir Deo Chauhan, brother of famous rajput king Prithviraj Chauhan. In accordance with the pledge by | 6,130,554 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
the raja Sangat Singh Chauhan to his younger queen for marrying her in his old age, her two sons from him were bestowed the Rath area and its headquarter of Mandhan near Neemrana. King Sangat Singh Chauhan's 19 sons from the older queen set out to seek their fortunes. Of the 19 brothers, Harsh Dev Chauhan and Sahesh Mal Chauhan arrived in the Gurgaon district. Lah Chauhan, the ruler of Rath, was a son of raja Sangat Singh Chauhan by the younger Rani whose two sons became inheritors of Raja Sangat Singh’s territory of Rath with its headquarter at Mandhan when other 19 sons from the other wives were required to quit the kingdom as per the promise of Raja Sangat.
- Wai region: current Bansur and | 6,130,555 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
Thana Ghazi, was ruled by Shekhawat rajput zamindars.
- Narukhand region: current Rajgarh and Laxmangarh, was ruled by Naruka sub-branch of Kachwaha rajputs who were from the same branch as the ruling kings of the Alwar State
- Mewat region: current Palwal and Nuh districts, had the highest population of the Meo Muslims.
## Post-independence.
Alwar acceded to the dominion of India following the independence of India in 1947. On 18 March 1948, the state merged with three neighbouring princely states (Bharatpur, Dholpur and Karauli) to form the Matsya Union. On 15 May 1949, it was united with neighbouring princely states and the territory of Ajmer to form the present-day Indian state of Rajasthan. | 6,130,556 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
Alwar was designated as part of the National Capital Region, resulting in additional development projects including rapid-rail to Delhi and drinking water improvements. The military cantonment of Itarana lies on the outskirts of Alwar.
# Tourist attractions.
Alwar is the first major city when travelling from Delhi to Rajasthan. The city's heritage, apart from being a draw for tourists, has been an attraction for Bollywood film shoots including "Shakespeare Wallah", "Maharaja (1998)", "Karan Arjun" at Sariska palace and dadigarh fort and Bhangarh, "Saajan Chale Sasural" at Sariska palace, "" and "Trip to Bhangarh". The Mega Alwar trade fair is held at Dusshera ground every year. Alwar is also | 6,130,557 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
known for its hand-made Papier-mâché.
## Fairy Queen.
The Fairy Queen, a national treasure (cultural artifact) of India and the world's oldest working locomotive engine (c. 1855 CE), operates as a tourist luxury train between Delhi and Alwar.
## Bala Qila.
Bala Qila (lit. "High Fort"), also known as Alwar Fort, is a fort approximately 300 meters above the city, founded by the 15th-century Khanzada Rajput ruler Hasan Khan Mewati and built on the foundations of a 10th-century mud fort. Situated on the Aravalli Range, the fort is 5 kilometres long and about 1.5 kilometres wide with turrets, a large gate, a temple, and a residential area.
## City Palace.
The City Palace, also known as Vinay | 6,130,558 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
Vilas Mahal, built in 1793 CE by Raja Bakhtawar Singh, blends the Rajputana and Islamic architectural styles and has marble pavilions on lotus-shaped bases in its courtyard. The palace houses a state museum with a collection of manuscripts, including one depicting Emperor Babur’s life, Ragamala paintings and miniatures, and historic swords that once belonged to Muhammad Ghori, Emperor Akbar and Aurangzeb; and a golden Durbar hall. This palace that once belonged to the Maharaja (lit. Great Ruler) has now been converted into a District Administrative office also housing the District Court.
## Moosi Maharani ki Chhatri.
This cenotaph was built by Vinay Singh in the memory of King Bakhtawar Singh | 6,130,559 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
and his queen, Moosi, in 1815.
## Sariska Tiger Reserve.
The Sariska Tiger Reserve, a National Park and Tiger Reserve, is located in the Aravali hills only a few kilometres away from Alwar. Declared a Wildlife reserve in 1955 and a National Park in 1982, it is the first reserve in the world to have successfully relocated tigers. The sanctuary, which became a part of India's Project Tiger in 1978, also preserves other species including rare birds and plants.
## Bhangarh Fort.
Bhangarh Fort, branded as the fourth most haunted palace in the world, and the most haunted palace in Asia, is a 17th-century fort built by Bhagwant das for his younger son Madho Singh I. The fort, a monument protected | 6,130,560 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
by the Archaeological Survey of India and is known for its association to legends and paranormal activities, is a tourist attraction for visitors across the world.
## Ashoka's Buddhist stupa.
Nearby Viratnagar there is a Buddhist stupa and an inscription from the Mauryan emperor Ashoka. According to legends, Pandavas spent some time in their ignorance here. There are a large number of religious devotees on the Pandupole-Bharthari Loktirtha. Alwar contains a number of historical monuments, such as 'Deewan ji ki lal haweli', which was built in 1754 and owned by Rajendra Kumar jain.
## Hill Fort Kesroli.
Hill Fort Kesroli, a 14th-century fort, has now been converted into and is conserved as | 6,130,561 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
a heritage hotel.
## Bharthari Temple.
Bharthari temple is dedicated to the king of Ujjain, who became a saint and is now commonly known as Baba Bharthari. He is sometimes identified with Bhartṛhari, a 7th-century poet. He is revered and prayed to, the temple is visited by the local population, and a fair is also organized each year known as 'Bharthari Baba ka Mela'.there is a temple of hanuman baba in ghata bhanwar tehsil kathumar
# Transport.
The nearest airports are Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi (143 km away), Jaipur International Airport (150 km away), and an airport currently under development in Bhiwadi airport (90 km away). Alwar railway station, on the Delhi–Jaipur | 6,130,562 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
line, is connected with Delhi, Jaipur, and Mumbai. Alwar is connected by roads from major cities of Rajasthan and nearby states.
# Geography and climate.
Alwar is located at . It has an average elevation of . The Ruparail River is a major river near the city. Alwar is fairly rich in mineral wealth; it produces marble, granite, feldspar, dolomite, quartz, limestone, soap stone, barites, copper clay, copper ore and pyrophylite.
# Demographics.
At the time of the 2011 census, the population of Alwar city and Alwar district were 341,422 and 1,015,310 respectively, with Hindus representing 90.7% of the population, Muslims representing 4.3%, Sikhs representing 2.6%, Jains representing 2.1%, and | 6,130,563 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
the remaining 1.3% belonging to other religions.
Alwar district main castes are the :- Yadav & Meo
# Education.
Raj Rishi Bhartrihari Matsya University was established in 2012-13. Alwar has several schools such as Kendriya Vidyalaya, Army Public School, Chinar Public School, Alwar Public School, St. Anslem's Senior Secondary School and Silver Oak, and colleges (Raj Rishi college, Siddhi Vinayak College, Presidency College, Government Law College, IET College). The Employee's State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Medical College is constructed with a whooping INR 800 crore budget and started operating from 2017.
# Notable people.
Notable people from Alwar include the actress Sakshi Tanwar, | 6,130,564 |
536658 | Alwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alwar | Alwar
nslem's Senior Secondary School and Silver Oak, and colleges (Raj Rishi college, Siddhi Vinayak College, Presidency College, Government Law College, IET College). The Employee's State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) Medical College is constructed with a whooping INR 800 crore budget and started operating from 2017.
# Notable people.
Notable people from Alwar include the actress Sakshi Tanwar, the entrepreneur Rahul Yadav, the military commander Pran Sukh Yadav (1802–1888) and the most decorated Army officer [[Saurabh Singh Shekhawat].
# See also.
- [[2017 Alwar mob lynching]]
# External links.
- History of District Alwar
[[Category:Alwar]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Alwar district]] | 6,130,565 |
536689 | Masr | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masr | Masr
Masr
Masr may refer to:
- Egypt
- Masr, Ira, a village in Isfahan Province, Iran
# See also.
- Masar (disambiguation) | 6,130,566 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
United Party (New Zealand)
The United Party of New Zealand, a party formed out of the remnants of the Liberal Party, formed a government between 1928 and 1935, and in 1936 merged with the Reform Party to establish the National Party.
# Foundation.
In the 1920s the Liberal Party, although previously dominant in New Zealand party politics, seemed in serious long-term decline following the advent of the Labour Party, and its organisation had decayed to the point of collapse. The United Party represented an unexpected resurgence of the Liberals, and some historians consider it nothing more than the Liberal Party under a new name.
The United Party emerged from a faction of the decaying Liberal | 6,130,567 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
Party known as "the National Party" (not directly related to the modern National Party, although it may have inspired the name). George Forbes, a Liberal Party leader, led the faction. In 1927 Forbes joined with Bill Veitch (who led another faction of the Liberals, but who had once been involved with the labour movement) and with Albert Davy (a well-known and highly successful organiser for the Reform Party, the traditional opponent of the Liberals). They hoped that the United Party would draw support not only from former Liberals, but from moderates on either the right or left of the Liberals by promoting themselves as a safer alternative than the Labour Party.
The new organisation adopted | 6,130,568 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
the name "the United Party". This reflected in shortened form the name of the "United New Zealand Political Organisation", which Davy had used after he had left Reform. Forbes and Veitch both contested the leadership, but eventually, Joseph Ward won the position. Although Ward, a former Liberal Prime Minister in 1906 - 1912, did not enjoy the best of health, Davy backed him as a compromise candidate.
The reversal of the party fortunes came in Auckland, where the big business group abandoned the Reform Party because of the handling of a licensing bill, and put forward a programme equally appealing to the business community and to the remnants of the Liberal Party. So 42,000 votes and five seats | 6,130,569 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
went to United, compared with 8,800 votes and no seats in the previous election.
# Success.
In the 1928 elections, the new United Party performed surprisingly well, winning twenty-seven seats. The Reform Party also had twenty-seven seats, the Labour Party had nineteen, the Country Party had one, and independents held six. The United Party formed a government with the backing of the Labour Party, and Ward became Prime Minister again.
The United Party administration did not run particularly smoothly, however. Ward's ill health persisted, and by the time he finally resigned in 1930, George Forbes had effectively run the party for some time. Ward's deputy, George Forbes became Prime Minister | 6,130,570 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
after Ward's departure but faced serious economic problems, including the onset of the Great Depression. Forbes did not project an image of activity or leadership — William Downie Stewart, Jr., finance spokesman for Reform, privately described Forbes as "apathetic and fatalistic", and suggested that although he had "a rotten job", Forbes was really simply marking time.
# Coalition.
In 1931 the United government passed a number of economic measures which appeared unfavourable to workers, and the Labour Party withdrew its support. The United Party continued in office with reluctant support from the Reform Party, which feared that a collapse of government (and thus a general election) would see | 6,130,571 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
large gains for Labour. Later the same year, formal coalition talks took place between United, Reform, and Labour, with a "unity government" proposed to counter the depression. Labour eventually walked out of the talks, but Reform leader Gordon Coates (pressed by Downie Stewart) eventually agreed to form a coalition between United and Reform. Forbes, backed by dissident members of Reform, won the leadership of the coalition government, but Downie Stewart of Reform became the Minister of Finance.
In the 1931 elections, the coalition worked in close co-operation and won fifty-one out of the eighty seats. United and Reform between them had held a few more seats before, but their combined tally | 6,130,572 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
exceeded what many had anticipated in light of the economic conditions. The government did not exhibit great stability, however — particularly strong tensions arose between Coates and Downie Stewart, who clashed over the best response to the country's economic problems. Coates eventually won, and Stewart resigned. Coates, as the new Minister of Finance, became increasingly powerful, and the weary Forbes did not strongly oppose Coates's influence; while Forbes remained Prime Minister, Coates effectively led the government. The economic situation persisted.
In the 1935 elections, the coalition of United and Reform once again worked together. Anger at the country's ongoing economic problems remained | 6,130,573 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
high, however, and many saw Forbes and Coates as jointly responsible for the situation. In addition, Albert Davy had founded a new "anti-socialist" party, the Democrats, which took votes away from the coalition. Forbes, still the nominal leader of the coalition, appeared tired and apathetic. These factors all added up to a decisive defeat of the coalition by the Labour Party, and the appointment of Michael Joseph Savage as New Zealand's first Labour Prime Minister.
# Merger.
United and Reform, still in coalition and now holding only nineteen seats, went into opposition. In 1936 they decided to make the coalition permanent and to merge United and Reform into a single party. The new organisation | 6,130,574 |
536678 | United Party (New Zealand) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United%20Party%20(New%20Zealand) | United Party (New Zealand)
pathetic. These factors all added up to a decisive defeat of the coalition by the Labour Party, and the appointment of Michael Joseph Savage as New Zealand's first Labour Prime Minister.
# Merger.
United and Reform, still in coalition and now holding only nineteen seats, went into opposition. In 1936 they decided to make the coalition permanent and to merge United and Reform into a single party. The new organisation took the name of "the National Party", and - along with Labour - became one of New Zealand's two dominant political parties from that point on.
# Parliamentary Leaders.
Key:
"PM": Prime Minister
"LO": Leader of the Opposition
## Electoral results.
†"Total Coalition vote." | 6,130,575 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
Anglo-Americans
Anglo-Americans are people who are English-speaking inhabitants of Anglo-America. It typically refers to the nations and ethnic groups in the Americas that speak English as a native language who comprise the majority of people who speak English as a first language. This usage originated in the discussion of the history of English-speaking people of the United States and the Spanish-speaking people residing in the western United States during the Mexican–American War.
# Usage.
The term is ambiguous and used in several different ways. While it is primarily used to refer to people of English ancestry, it (along with terms like "Anglo", "Anglic", "Anglophone", and "Anglophonic") | 6,130,576 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
is also used to denote all people of British or Northern European ancestry or all people of European ethnic origin who speak English as a mother tongue and their descendants in the New World, regardless of their prior racial or ethnic background, much like "Hispanic" refers to people of any race. Therefore, a person, for example, of Chinese descent who adopts the American or Canadian culture would have English-speaking "Anglo-American", "Anglic", "Anglophone", "Anglo", or "Anglophonic" children (in contrast to Spanish-speaking Chinese descent people living in Hispanic America, who would be "Hispanic"). Thus, "Anglo-American", "Anglic-American", "Anglophone-American", "Anglo", or "Anglophonic-American" | 6,130,577 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
can refer to all those whose families who, regardless of race or ethnicity, have become mainstream English-speaking people in the United States, English Canada, English-speaking areas of the Caribbean, Belize, and Guyana, including those of African descent.
In 2017, the Pew Research Center reported that 18% of people who identify as Hispanic in the United States speak English as a first language compared to 90% of non-Hispanics.
# Culture.
The term implies a relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom (specifically England), or the two countries' shared language, English, and/or cultural heritage. In this context the term may refer to an English American, a person from the | 6,130,578 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
United States whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England, a person from the United States who speaks English as their first language (see American English), a collective term referring to those countries that have similar legal systems based on common law, relations between the United Kingdom and United States, or Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, a national cataloging code.
The term is also used, less frequently, to denote a connection between English people (or the English language) and the Western Hemisphere as a whole. In this context, the term can mean a person from the Americas whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England (see British diaspora) or a person from the | 6,130,579 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
Americas who is a white American and speaks English as their first language, a person from the Americas who speaks English as their first language (see English-speaking world and Languages of the Americas), or a person from Anglo-America.
# Adjective.
The adjective Anglo-American is used in the following ways:
- to denote the cultural sphere shared by the United Kingdom, the United States and English Canada. For example, "Anglo-American culture is different from French culture." Political leaders including Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan have used the term to discuss the "Special Relationship" between Britain and America.
- to describe relations between Britain | 6,130,580 |
536683 | Anglo-Americans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Americans | Anglo-Americans
o speaks English as their first language (see English-speaking world and Languages of the Americas), or a person from Anglo-America.
# Adjective.
The adjective Anglo-American is used in the following ways:
- to denote the cultural sphere shared by the United Kingdom, the United States and English Canada. For example, "Anglo-American culture is different from French culture." Political leaders including Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan have used the term to discuss the "Special Relationship" between Britain and America.
- to describe relations between Britain and the United States. For example, "Anglo-American relations became more relaxed after the War of 1812." | 6,130,581 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
1996 New Zealand general election
The 1996 New Zealand general election was held on 12 October 1996 to determine the composition of the 45th New Zealand Parliament. It was notable for being the first election to be held under the new mixed-member proportional (MMP) electoral system, and produced a parliament considerably more diverse than previous elections. It saw the National Party, led by Jim Bolger, retain its position in government, but only after protracted negotiations with the smaller New Zealand First party to form a coalition. New Zealand First's position as "kingmaker", able to place either of the two major parties into government, was a significant election outcome.
# Background.
## | 6,130,582 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
Changes mid-term.
In the 1993 election, the National Party and the Labour Party had won 50 and 45 seats, respectively. The Alliance and the New Zealand First party had each won two seats. In the approach to MMP, however, there had been considerable rearrangement in parliament, with three new parties being established. As such, the situation just before the 1996 election was markedly different from the situation that had been established at the 1993 election.
## Electoral redistribution.
The 1996 election was notable for the significant change of electorate boundaries, based on the provisions of the Electoral Act 1993. Because of the introduction of the MMP electoral system, the number of | 6,130,583 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
electorates had to be reduced, leading to significant changes. Many electorates were abolished, with their territories being incorporated into completely new electoral districts. More than half of the electorates contested in 1996 were newly constituted, and most of the remainder had seen significant boundary changes. "Wanganui" was renamed as "Whanganui". In total, 73 electorates were abolished, 29 electorates were newly created, and 10 electorates were recreated, giving a net loss of 34 electorates.
- South Island
Since the 1967 electoral redistribution, the South Island had its number of general electorates fixed at 25. For the 1996 election and onwards, the number of South Island electorates | 6,130,584 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
is fixed at 16. The number of electors on the general roll of the South Island divided by 16 gives the target size for North Island and Māori electorates; this is referred to as the South Island quota.
The electorates of , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and were abolished in the South Island. Six existing electorates (, , , , , and ) were kept. Seven electorates (, , , , , , and ) were newly formed. Three electorates (, , and ) were recreated.
- North Island
Based on the calculation described above, the target size for North Island electorates resulted in 44 of them being required.
The electorates of , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 6,130,585 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
, , , , , , and were abolished in the North Island. Twenty existing electorates (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and ) were kept. Seventeen electorates (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and ) were newly formed. Eight electorates (, , , , , , and ) were recreated.
- Māori electorates
All four existing Māori electorates (, , , and ) were abolished. The calculation described above resulted in five Māori electorates being required; these were , , , , and .
- List seats
The House of Representatives was to have 120 seats, of which 65 were filled through electorate MPs (16 from South Island electorates, 44 from North Island electorates, and 5 from Māori electorates). This left 55 list seats | 6,130,586 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
to be filled. An outcome of the election was that no overhang seats were required.
# The election.
The date of the 1996 election was 12 October; it was brought forward slightly to avoid the need for a by-election following the resignation of Michael Laws, as a by-election is not needed if there will be a general election within 6 months of a seat being vacated.
Of the 2,418,587 people registered to vote, 88.3% turned out to vote. The turnout was a slight improvement on the previous two elections, but still slightly lower than what would have been expected during the 1980s. The number of seats being contested was 120, an increase of 21 from the previous election, but as 55 of the new seats | 6,130,587 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
were for list candidates, the number of electorates was reduced considerably and many electorates had their boundaries amended or were abolished. While the number of general electorates decreased from 95 (1993) to 60 (1996), the number of Māori electorates increased from 4 to 5.
In the election 842 candidates stood, and there were 21 registered parties with party lists. Of the candidates, 459 were electorate and list, 152 were electorate only, and 231 were list only. 73% of candidates (616) were male and 27% (226) female.
# Summary of results.
The 1996 election eventually saw a victory for the governing National Party, which won around a third of the vote. The opposition Labour Party won | 6,130,588 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
slightly less. The election, however, was not decided by the comparative strengths of the major parties – rather, the smaller New Zealand First party, which won 17 seats, including 5 Māori seats won by the "Tight Five", and was placed in the position of "kingmaker", able to provide the necessary majority to whichever side it chose. Although predicted by many to ally with Labour on 10 December 1996, New Zealand First leader Winston Peters chose to form a coalition with National, thus preserving Prime Minister Jim Bolger's administration.
The 1996 election effectively showcased the difference made by the new electoral system. The Alliance and New Zealand First, both of which held two seats each | 6,130,589 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
in the old parliament, increased their representation to 13 and 17 seats, respectively, as a result of the change. The new ACT New Zealand also benefited, taking eight seats. The MMP system did not, however, save the United New Zealand party – United was virtually wiped out, retaining only a single seat. The Conservative Party fared even worse, failing to remain in parliament at all.
However, Labour Party did manage to retain its status as among the top-two parties, as polls in the 1993–1996 period had shown Labour Party was in danger of being overtaken by the Alliance or New Zealand First. Labour Party's success was caused largely by its leader Helen Clark being seen as having convincingly | 6,130,590 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
won the election debates.
Also notable in the 1996 election campaign was the Christian Coalition, an alliance of the Christian Democrats and the Christian Heritage Party. Although the party had briefly crossed the 5% threshold in some polls, it gained only 4.33% at the election, and therefore did not qualify for parliamentary representation. With the exception of the Maori Ratana movement, this is the closest that an overtly religious party has come to winning representation in parliament.
Voters were prepared with MMP to vote for minor party candidates with their electorate vote, hence in a number of electorates won by National or Labour the other major party candidate came third or even | 6,130,591 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
fourth; previously the two top polling candidates were almost always National and Labour.
# Detailed results.
## Non-parliamentary parties.
In addition to the registered parties listed above, a number of unregistered parties also contested the election. Being unregistered, they could not submit party lists (and thus receive party votes), but they could still stand candidates in individual electorates. Among the parties to do this were the Indigenous Peoples Party, the New Zealand Progressive Party (unrelated to the 2002–2012 party of the same name) and the Nga Iwi Morehu Movement. Most unregistered parties stood only a single candidate, with only four parties running in multiple electorates. | 6,130,592 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
In total, around 1,500 people voted for candidates from unregistered parties. In addition, 26 independents contested electorate seats. A total of 16,436 people voted for independent candidates. No candidate from an unregistered party or an independent candidate won an electorate seat.
## Electorate results.
No party managed to win a straight majority of the 65 electorates. The National Party, the governing party, was three seats short of a majority, gaining 30 seats. The Labour Party, in opposition, won 26 electorate seats. New Zealand First won six electorate seats, the highest number of any minor party for over 50 years.
The Alliance, ACT and United managed to win one electorate seat each. | 6,130,593 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
For United, this was a significant loss – established by break-away MPs from National and Labour, the party entered the election with seven seats, but only Peter Dunne managed to retain his position, being helped by National's decision not to field a candidate in his electorate of .
For the most part, traditional patterns prevailed when it came to the distribution of electorates – National performed best in rural areas, while Labour was strongest in the cities. A very significant departure from traditional patterns, however, was New Zealand First's capture of all five Maori seats, which had traditionally been Labour strongholds. Although Labour was to reclaim these seats in the subsequent election, | 6,130,594 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
Labour's monopoly was no longer so secure as it had been.
## List results.
- Notes:
- 2. These party list members later entered parliament in the term as other list MPs elected resigned from parliament.
- 3. These party list members later resigned during the parliamentary term.
## Summary of seat changes.
- Seats captured:
- By National: "Hamilton East", "Hamilton West" and "Nelson" were captured from Labour. "North Shore" was captured from United.
- By Labour: "Auckland Central" was captured from the Alliance.
- Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs:
- The seats of "Albany", "Otago", "Rotorua" and "Waitakere", all held by departing National MPs, were won by new National | 6,130,595 |
536679 | 1996 New Zealand general election | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1996%20New%20Zealand%20general%20election | 1996 New Zealand general election
ore" was captured from United.
- By Labour: "Auckland Central" was captured from the Alliance.
- Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs:
- The seats of "Albany", "Otago", "Rotorua" and "Waitakere", all held by departing National MPs, were won by new National candidates. One departing MP retired, one was re-elected in a different electorate, and two became list MPs.
- The seats of "Christchurch Central", "Mangere" and "New Lynn", all held by departing Labour MPs, were won by new Labour candidates. One departing MP retired and two became list MPs.
# External links.
- 1996 General Election - Official Results and Statistics, Chief Electoral Office, New Zealand Ministry of Justice. | 6,130,596 |
536691 | John Watts (New York politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Watts%20(New%20York%20politician) | John Watts (New York politician)
John Watts (New York politician)
John Watts Jr. (August 27, 1749 New York City – September 3, 1836) was an American lawyer and politician from New York City who represented New York in the U.S. House of Representatives.
# Life.
John Watts was born on August 27, 1749 in New York City. He was the son of John Watts (1715–1789), a Scottish immigrant from a wealthy family, and Ann DeLancey (1723–1784), a descendant of the Schuyler family and Van Cortlandt family. His elder brother, Robert Watts (1743–1814), was married to Mary Alexander, the daughter of Lord Stirling. His younger siblings included Anne Watts (1744–1783), who was married to Archibald Kennedy, 11th Earl of Cassilis (the parents of | 6,130,597 |
536691 | John Watts (New York politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Watts%20(New%20York%20politician) | John Watts (New York politician)
Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa), Susannah Watts (1749–1823), who was married to Phillip Kearney, Mary Nicoll Watts (1751–1815), who was married to Sir John Johnson, 2nd Baronet, Stephen Watts, who was married to Sarah Nugent, and Margaret Watts, who was married to Robert Leake.
His maternal grandfather was the French born Etienne de Lancy (1663–1741), a minor member of the French nobility, and Anne van Cortlandt (1676–1724), the third child of Gertrude Schuyler (b. 1654) and Stephanus van Cortlandt (1643–1700), the Chief Justice of the Province of New York.
He completed preparatory studies, graduated with an A.M. degree from King's College in May 1769, and studied law.
# Career.
In | 6,130,598 |
536691 | John Watts (New York politician) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Watts%20(New%20York%20politician) | John Watts (New York politician)
1774, he was appointed the Recorder of New York City under Mayor David Mathews, and was the last to serve in this role under the English Crown. The role included serving as a "mayoral assistant, judge, and in sundry administrative and judicial functions."
His father, a Loyalist, fled the colonies to England during the Revolutionary War. In 1779, his properties, including his "Rose Hill" estate (which is now occupied by Fordham University), were seized by the New York State Legislature. Watts and his brother Robert petitioned for the attainder to be overturned. They were unable to have it overturned but were allowed to buy back their father's properties.
## Post Revolutionary War.
From 1788 | 6,130,599 |
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