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dependance of 𝑆𝑥,𝑆𝑦and𝑆𝑧over element (length). CONCLUSION For EDM experiments it is necessary to use NICA as a StorageRing. Forthisreasonmodernizationwasconsidered by creation of an alternative straight sections parallel to the nativeonesbyusingByPasschannels. Alsostraightsections have the ability to place specia...
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6078a981-0852-4d57-a1a5-a2e579af558d
REFERENCES [1]E. Syresin et al., “NICA Ion Collider at JINR”, in Proc. Ru- PAC2021 , Alushta, Russia, 2021. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-RuPAC2/zero.alt421-MOY/zero.alt42 [2]D. Anastassopoulos et al., “AGS Proposal: Search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the deuteron nucleus at the 10−29𝑒⋅cm level” BNL, NY, U...
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2
4bda8e8c-6481-417a-ac6c-42ddd62084bc
OPTIMIZING THE BEAM INTENSITY CONTROL BY COMPTON BACK-SCATTERING IN e+/e-FUTURE CIRCULAR COLLIDER I. Drebot∗, S. Cialdi2, INFN-Milano, Milan, Italy A. Abramov, M. Hofer, F. Zimmermann, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 2also at Università degli Studi, Milan, Italy Abstract Inthispaper,wepresentthepossibleuseoflaserCompton back...
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998c99bf-64fa-4b57-abf4-025653ae932f
INTRODUCTION The future circular electron-positron collider FCC-ee aimsto achievetightlycontrolled collidingbunches,where themaximumchargeimbalancebetweencollisionpartner bunches is less than 5%on the Z pole and less than 3%at other collision energies [1 –4]. Maintaining this tolerance iscrucial due tothe impactof beam...
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2c1907f6-159d-48be-9296-463fddeb11b6
tering (CBS) to achieve this. By leveraging CBS, we can pre-adjust the intensity of colliding bunches to match the needsofthecolliderbeforeeachbeamextractionfromthe booster and top-up injection in the collider. Moreover, CBS could be used to remove single bunch pairs from the stored fill pattern in the collider as a la...
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cf45bbd4-baf5-453d-b551-69be58e9dbc1
ergy gain from electrons to photons can be expressed as 𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡≈ 4𝛾2𝐸𝑙𝑎𝑠. At a beam energy of 45.6GeV, this corresponds to 𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡≈ 23GeV,andfor182.5GeV(𝑡𝑡) ∗illya.drebot@mi.infn.itcollisions, 𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡≈ 148GeVfor the FCC. This means that in the first case, the electron or positron loses...
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5eb4d8c5-9be7-4f1a-b40e-7d1a98299d5d
sions at waist. The actual number of scattered particles and their energy distribution in an experiment will depend on a variety of factors,includingthebeamenergy,beamemittance,andthe specific interaction process being studied. It is important toperformrealisticMonteCarlosimulationstoaccurately predicttheexperimental r...
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1kHz[10]. This laser system operates at a wavelength of 800nm, which is obtainable from a Ti:sapphire laser and corresponds to a photon energy of 1.5eV. Interaction Point AsshownintheluminosityEq.(1),thenumberofscat- teredparticlesisinverselyproportionaltothetransversespot sizes of the collided bunches. Therefore, we s...
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Figure1: Layoutof the collimation section under studyfor the FCC-ee at the Z operation mode. The location of the laserinteractionisindicatedbyblackbars,togetherwiththe optics functions. The beamsize at the laser interaction point together with the beam parameters can be found in Tab. 1. The reasoning for Table 1: Param...
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feb93f1a-6d8e-4a21-9d9b-3c500c8cfd33
thecollisionismaximizedatthehead-oncollision[13]. It is also necessary to install mirrors and lenses outside the electronorbit,atadistanceofatleast 3cm,fortheinputand output of the laser pulse. Tofocusthe laser pulse at IP wepropose simple scheme using optical length and plain mirror as shown on Fig 2. Usingtheproposed...
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4c3d3c9a-416c-4c49-bf13-8f0416ffc980
100µmat the midpoint of the bending magnet at 𝑓 = 6m. BEAM DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS Tostudytheefficacywithwhichparticlescanberemoved, as well as the loss location of scattered particles and the emittance evolution, a number of tracking studies have been performed. TheXSuitetrackingcode[14]hasbeenselected fortrackinginthem...
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9fb4af3a-6eba-453a-9b22-a5535506d4a2
topreparetheGeant4modelsandinput. Afterscattering,the primaryparticleandpotentialsecondaryparticlesarethen handed back to the XSuite tracking code for further track- ing. Inthetrackingstudies,thecollimatorsofthebetatron and momentum collimation sections are included, as well as masks to absorb synchrotron radiation ups...
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559a02e3-f49b-46f4-aa4d-b2a67eef2d4c
whereas for the 𝑡𝑡operation mode, it is around 45turns. For theseinitialstudies,basedonthelaserparametermentioned above, the initial conservative assumption was made that thebunchundergoeslaserinteractionevery3rdturn,corre- spondingtoalaserfrequencyof 1kHzandassumingapulse energy of 1J. InFig.3,thefractionofsurviving...
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03f62be0-69d3-490f-ad49-87030e0fd6fa
Figure3: Survivingfraction oftheinitialparticle bunchof 106particles for different laser spot size. The dashed line indicatestheresultsforthe 𝑍operationmode,whereasthe solid line is for tracking with 𝑡𝑡parameters. Figure4: Single-bunchlossmapafter500turnswithlaser interaction for the Z operation mode and a laser spo...
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4656f2a5-c898-4d0f-8ea7-84a321613c69
occur in the experimental insertions, where up to around 1.1J/misobservedatthedispersionpeaksatthestartofthe insertions. The regions ±100 m from the collision points, wheresensitiveequipmentliketheexperimentdetectorsand superconductingfinalfocusquadrupolesarelocated,receive up to an integrated total of 0.35J, correspon...
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2
0b2ae595-5bd2-4872-a4f4-4ce03e192171
a reference tracking without any Laser interaction. It is Figure5: Emittanceevolutionoftheparticlebunchfordif- ferent laser spot size and for the Z operation mode. found that for the smallest spot size, the horizontal emit- tance increases by about 5 % after 500 turns compared to thereferencecase,bothinitializedwithemi...
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9dc253c8-6f61-4025-947b-1e42fae88fbe
treatedasanaverageenergylossineachelement,ratherthan the discrete emission of photons with the energy sampled from the spectrum of the synchrotron radiation process. As such, the horizontal emittance of tracked distribution will tend towards 0 rather than the equilibrium emittance. While moretime-consuming,futuretracki...
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2
d771b692-6968-4f24-9de7-7b45dc0d5f01
Theeffectivenessoftheproposedschemeisdemonstrated andvariouscollisionparametersareproposedforsubsequent use in more systematical studies of beam dynamics in the FCC-ee ring. Itis interestingto note that during the CBS,high-energy photons are produced, with energy 23 GeV for the Z- operation mode and 148 GeV for the 𝑡�...
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b7814f4f-2706-4bdb-bab2-2c108c79f2c4
REFERENCES [1]F. Zimmermann and T.O. Raubenheimer, “Con- trolling e�/e� Circular Collider Bunch Intensity by Laser Compton Scattering”, in Proc. IPAC’22 , Bangkok, Thailand, Jun. 2022, pp. 1695–1698. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt422-WEPOST/zero.alt41/zero.alt4 [2]A. Abada, M. Abbrescia, S. S. AbdusSalam, e...
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3
2e13aee8-9250-4d2c-aadd-d235ee1b0088
JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt418-MOPMF/zero.alt4/zero.alt41 [4]D.Shatilov,“Beam-beam effects at high energye+e−collid- ers,” in 62nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High Luminosity Circular e+e− Colliders, 2019, TUYBA02, doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-eeFACT2/zero.alt418-TUYBA/zero.alt42 [5]D.Shatilov,“Howtoincreasethephys...
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38ed2a7f-cad9-405a-8ea7-f20d27409941
/zero.alt4167-5/zero.alt487(84)9/zero.alt4128-5 [7]D.Schroeder,“Lasers for plasma accelerators,” APS April Meeting, 19 April 2021 [8]“Report of workshop on laser technology for k-bella and beyond, (may 9-11, 2017); kbella workshop report,” 2017, http://www2.lbl.gov/LBL-Programs/atap/Report_ Workshop_kBELLA_laser_tech_f...
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e26a2708-f35a-431a-86d9-80144ac45b10
land, Jun. 2022, pp. 1722–1725. doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/ JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt422-WEPOST/zero.alt417 [12]K. Oide, “Collider Optics,” FCCIS 2022 Workshop (con- tributed talk) , 2022. [13]Drebot, I., Petrillo, V., and Serafini, L., “Two-colour X- gamma ray inverse Compton back-scattering source”, EPL (EurophysicsLetters),vo...
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82dbcdb3-47b4-4a9c-90ac-ab748d268336
Instrum. Meth. A 835 (2016) 186-225. [19]L.J.Nevay etal., ”BDSIM:An AcceleratorTrackingCode withParticle-MatterInteractions”, ComputerPhysicsCom- munications 252 107200 (2020). [20]A. Abramov, et al., “Studies of layout and cleaning perfor- mance for the FCC-ee collimation system,” presented at the 14th International P...
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3
12186d8f-63db-441a-b901-7fcd47585e8c
MODERNIZATION OF TH E NSC KIPT HARD X-RAY SOURCE FACILITY* O. Cherkashyn, P. Gladkikh, I. M. Karrnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, V . Grevtstev, A. Zelinsky NSC KIPT, Kharkiv, Ukraine Abstract To satisfy up-to-date technical requirements NSC KIPT hard X-ray source on the base of Compton scattering NES- TOR should be modifie...
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c2b74326-80a7-4beb-ad4d-6f49926489c8
and optical cavity. During the last few years the detail tests of the NESTOR accelerating systems were carried out [2, 3]. The test results showed to provide the proper electron beam storage and X-rays flux generation value of about 10 12 phot/s the essential facility modernization should be done. LINEAR ACCELERA...
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ca4e676d-3e83-4ab0-9ad3-abc18f182b0a
frequency is 2797 MHz. Operation showed some disadvantages of this accelera- tor associated with used of accelerator injector hardware and long sections without additional beam focusing. In ad- dition, the use of 2797 MHz operation frequency makes it difficult to purchase components of the RF system with such a fre...
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41fc4cf6-068d-4cb2-9ed1-117b1fed9818
same kind of injector when upgrading the accelerator. Another possibility is use of F102414 triode electron gun by ALTAIR with 20-30 kV high voltage and 1 A beam current along with accelerating section of 20 Mev electron beam energy. The injection energy into the NESTOR storage ring was chosen to be 60 MeV , wh...
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61488d6c-ac0b-4753-a9a9-e95caa012c75
about 15 MeV electron energy gain in each section. More flexible and less expensive accelerator layout based on recirculator with two accelerating sections is pre- sented in Fig. 1. Such a scheme provides intense electron beam with energy up to 90 MeV . STORAGE RING MODERNIZATION The NESTOR storage ring lattice was...
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12249cc2-658f-41f3-a001-b8b27d19df8a
losses due to synchrotron radiation. Because of such a high intensity of the Compton beam, the calculated energy spread of the electron beam would reach about 1.5%, which required the storage ring lattice with a large energy separatrix. For its implementation, a lattice with an adjust- able momentum compaction factor...
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f784e282-4d3e-45a3-9b52-216c1f0928b1
would be expedient to weaken the requirements for the beam separatrix and symmetrize the ring lattice. The NESTOR storage ring circumference is equal to C = 15.418 m, harmonics number is h = 36 under RF fre- quency of fRF = 2797 MHz. The simplest option for up- grading the ring with minimal alterations when switchin...
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78651a43-26fb-4d46-bfa7-e5df0a425107
Figure 1: Modernised accelerator layout based on recirculator. To match the ring perimeter with new RF frequency it is needed to enlarge the ring circumference of about 12 cm. It may be performed by the lengthening of both ring long straight sec-tions by 6 cm. The injection path of the ring remains unchanged. The r...
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557a22b1-2121-4d41-8c7f-42c193d56249
functions over single superperiod are shown in Fig. 3. Table 1 shows the comparative parameters of the lattices described above. Figure 3: Amplitude functions of single superperiod of lat- tice with RF harmonics number h = 36. Table 1: The main rings parameters Paramete r NESTOR Lattice with h=37 Lattice ...
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e23653c7-089a-4098-91ff-fdee49480172
Figure 4: Dynamic apertures of the NESTOR (left) and storage ring with RF harmonics number h = 36. Comparison of the dynamic apertures of the NESTOR storage ring and symmetrized ring with momentum com-paction factor α = 0.08 (h = 36) is presented in Fig. 4. The final choice of the upgrade option for the NESTOR ha...
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60b12ca3-3b8b-4561-b569-0ebcabc90369
without essential construction and engineering efforts. REFERENCES [1] E. Bulyak et al., “Compact X-ray Source Based on Compton Backscattering,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods A , vol. 487, pp. 241–248, 2002. [2] V . Androsov et al., “The start of X-ray generator NESTOR commissioning ,” Problems of Atomic Science and Tec...
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ea8d47c7-ab63-490f-8acf-9059293d41ca
of the technological source of synchrotron radiation,” Prob- lems of Atomic Science and Technology , no. 5, pp. 3-10, 1989. [6] S. Pei et al., “Beam dynamics studi es on the 100MeV/100kW electron linear accelerator fo r NSC KIPT Neutron source,” Chinese Physics C , vol. 36, no. 7 pp. 653-660, Sep. 2011.
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78caf901-4f2d-4910-b063-58cb2a408a0f
MODERNIZATION OF THE LASER-OPTICAL SYSTEM OF THE X-RAY GENERATOR NESTOR* O. Cherkashyn, A. Zelinsky†, National Science Centre, Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv, Ukraine Modernization of the accelera ting ring of the NESTOR hard X-ray generator for switching to the operating frequency of the ...
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0
bf858141-6e4c-4259-8833-0f4e2a4e09de
using an already existing LOS at a new operating frequency of the accelerator w ith some changes in the design. INTRODUCTION The development of a highly efficient X-ray source based on Compton backscattering requires the presence of short electron and photon bunches that have a small cross section and a sufficie...
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0
4bac27cd-6044-4b2e-9747-857229464aea
X-RAY GENERATOR NESTOR The structural block diagram of the LOS of the NESTOR generator is shown in Fig. 1. As a powerful pulsed laser, it is planned to use a PICOLASER 10 IR series laser from the German company ALPHALAS. It has an average output power of 10 W, at a wavelength of λ=1064 nm. The duration of the gene...
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0
1f21e37c-f51e-4469-a28f-99d6136e5f22
Figure 2 shows a 3D model of the optical cavity for a laser beam of X-ray source NESTOR. The main optical elements of the NESTOR LOS are described in Table 1. Such an LOS with a phase-locked loop can provide photonic bunches that meet the required conditions for obtaining of the high-intensity X-rays. Table 1: The ...
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b9c7bf41-e8fe-4607-9d8d-2f9200a32df6
7 Polarizing plate λ/2 Zero-order quartz wave Plate, 25.4 mm, 1064 nm, λ/2 8 Polarizing plate λ/4 Zero-order quartz wave Plate, 25.4 mm, 1064 nm, λ/4 9 Mirrors for an optical resonator UVFS plano-concave mirror, R M = 215 mm, During the works on the physical start-up of the NESTOR source, it became necessary...
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0
d9d6424e-341f-4747-a283-8780dd41f7be
and storage ring RF-frequency. Unfortunately, the laser pulse repetition frequency tuning, which was provided by the manufacturer, does not co ver the required range from frep0 = 350 MHz to frep = 357 MHz, and we will have to turn to ALPHALAS to upgrade the laser. _____________________________________________ ...
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0
1aecc849-5602-4119-a20d-0815c48c20cc
Figure 1: The structure of the LOS of the NESTOR generator. Figure 2: 3D model of the optical resonator for a laser beam x-ray source NESTOR. Another element of the LOS that needs to be changed is a two-mirror optical cavity. Its length is directly related to the repetition rate of laser pulses /2repfc L= (1) ...
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1
a30cdf33-433c-43c5-9cfd-6998aec018a7
the beam waist size in the resonator will increase from 60 µm to about 105 µm, so we suppose to reduce the RM to 210 mm. In these conditions the beam waist will be approximately 40 µm. CONCLUSION The article describes possible alterations of the LOS of the NESTOR X-Ray source cau sed by the modernization of the st...
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1
97ca5620-cb42-4836-b316-d1375afd2385
vol. 487, no. 3, pp. 241-248, Jul. 2002. doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(02)00904-x [2] F. V. Hartemann et al ., “Compton scattering and its applications: The Pleiades femtosec ond X-Ray source at LLNL,” World Sci: Quantum Aspects of Beam Physics , Oct. 2004. doi:10.1142/9789812702333_0005 [3] A. Variola et al ., “The...
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b0b7b611-e15b-4df0-8614-0085d7b48708
[6] H. Shimizu, A. Aryshev, Y. Higashi, Y. Honda, and J. Urakawa, “Development of a 4-mirror optical cavity for an inverse Compton scattering experiment in the STF,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A , vol. 745, pp. 63-72, May 2014. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2014.01.055 [7] J. Bonis et al., “Non-planar four-mir...
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8453fa49-2cb1-4681-901b-d11e91f69ea3
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ON THE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM OF THE EXPERIMENTAL HALL AT TPS J.-C. Chang †, and W.-S. Chan National Synchrotron Radiation R esearch C enter , Hsinchu, Taiwan Abstract Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) had delivered the first syn- chrotron light on the last day of 2014 . Installation of 16 beaml...
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0
4db191a2-6623-416d-99b0-04e6d4112532
INTRODUCTION The air conditioning system plays a critical role in a sta- ble operation of precision experimental facilities. Stable temperature and humidity are not only conducive to the ex- periment conducting, but provides a comfortable environ-ment for experi menters. On the other hand , nowadays more people care...
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0
0e861009-f102-43ec-90ac-3850c8f592f7
of numeric al analysis and computer science, CFD has the advantage of reduction of time and cost . We had perform ed the CFD to simulate the temperature and flow field of the storage ring of Taiwan Light Source [2]. NUMERICAL SIMULATION In this study, we performed CFD of 3D steady state nu- merical simulatio...
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0
04d3e784-48ac-49fe-916d-3cd5e2ab3146
tunnel with wedge wall is located. Area C, the outer ring, is where beam -lines are located . In this study, we generate three virtual planes I, II and III to exam the simulation re-sults. Plane I vertically and radially span areas A, B and C passing through eight air exits . Plane II vertically spans ar- eas B a...
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0
53477705-2ab5-408c-a858-469e4bbb4a62
Mass conservation equation (continuity equation) ( ) 0= ⋅ ∇ +∂∂uρρ t (1) where ρ is density of fluid (air in the study) , t is time and u refers to air velocity vector. Momentum conservation equation ( )t ptτ µ ρ ρρ⋅ ∇ − ∇ ⋅ ∇ + + −∇= ⋅ ∇ +∂∂) () (u g uuu (2) where p is pressure, g i...
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5a55856f-d20b-4a7d-bbf0-b1e897cc60f4
this space is 10.7 m. The volume of the simulation zone is about 12,313 m3. In this model, the air exits and exhausts are respectively located on the ceiling and area C, the outer ring. The lights , and air exits are distributed on the ceiling . According to the geometry of the model, we applied hy- brid grid t...
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3a555b9b-7677-465e-8245-c7dc546c807a
ing. The air exit temperature is 20 oC. Air exhausts are set as outflow. Heat flux of s ome heat sources such as daylight win- dows, lights, cable trays, ceiling, hutc h walls, panels, and PC screens are set between 60 W/m2 to 30 W/m2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure 3 shows the air velocity (m/s) vectors on ...
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bb7c9958-65b4-4211-ab49-6c40138f3635
its on the ceiling is 20 oC. Air temperature variation with distance from air exits is clear. The steady state simulation results show the temperature near the daylight windows is about 22 or 23 oC. Heat flux from ceiling may be obs erved. For better resolution, the upper temperature limit is set at 25 oC. In thi...
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98530c0f-59c0-4a4c-8bf8-ef0f8d0c6fbc
through air exits on the ceiling and most heat sources are near ground, cold air is in the upper zo ne, as shown in both Figures 4 and 5. Figure 5: Contours of temperature on the Plane II . Figure 6 shows s imulated path lines on the Plane II of Case 1. Path lines are virtual massless particles released f...
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ae09d3fd-14d7-42ac-80b4-fc12a3f0c744
Figure 7 shows contours of temperature on the Plane III . It is clear that air temperature near beamlines is higher than other area. Especially in the area between two beamlines. On the other hand, there are few heat sources and the cold air from air exits flows to air exhausts in the left area, the temperature...
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e50b29de-c456-40d3-8748-72ec843cdc8a
Figure 8: Contours of temperature on the Planes I with air exit velocity is set 10 m/s . Figure 9 showing contours of temperature on the Planes II with air exit velocity is set 10 m/s . Likewise, this figure is similar to Figure 5. Although high air exit velocity can enhance air conditioning effect, the fan o...
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4f967734-c53d-4c1b-843d-5949aa68c351
creases. Temperature gradient near two beam lines is clearer. We also collect the actual temperature in the experi- mental hall. The collected temperature is higher about 2 oC than the simulated results on the Plane III. Some heat sources, such as some equipm ent and personnel. Besides, will try to modify the air ...
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f4fe426b-897c-4477-ae7a-1e98017f8a87
The simulated temperature is lower than actual collected results. The simulated temperature variation at different lo-cation still helps us to improve our air conditioning system. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Authors would like to thank colleagues in the civil and utility and group of NSRRC for their assistance . REFERENCES...
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92a54762-2e89-4d71-9c0d-fb89450f8d0b
sipation model of turbulence to the c alculati on of flow near a spinning disc”, Letters in Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 131-138, Nov. 1974 . doi:10.1016/0094- 4548(74)90150- 7
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2
83500708-7e64-4435-894d-408a898b76c2
DESIGN STATUS OF RF SYSTEM FOR THE KOREA 4th GENERATION STORAGE RING Bong Hyuk Choi†, Mujin Lee, Youngdo Joo, Insoo Park, Yongseok Lee, Sehwan Park, Junghoon Kim, Myung-Hwan Chun, Inha Yu, Pohang Accel erator Laboratory, Pohang, South Korea Yonguk Sohn, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, South Korea Abstrac...
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0
0b894b39-4396-4489-8d61-a80c059a6ca0
PLS-II which is the 3rd generation light source in Korea. The RF system for the Korea 4GSR consists of 10 or more normal conducting cavities, a low-level RF(LLRF) system, a high-power RF(HPRF) system and so on. Additionally, we are planning to install harmonic cavities for Landau damping, on the other hand for impro...
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0
29c5bc8d-f791-4532-822f-f49d4d79c0f7
Ochang, Chungcheongbuk-do, about 100 km away from Seoul, with a total area of 540,000 m 2. Table 1 shows the Korea 4GSR main parameters, with the target emittance being calculated at 62 pm-rad. The in-itial construction will involve 10 beamlines, with plans to construct 40 or more beamlines ultimately. The injector...
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0
c1468b2c-dcef-47ff-afa2-e58d01e3953e
lattice of the storage ring will be designed using the Hybrid 7 Bend Achromat(H7BA). BOOSTER RING RF SYSTEM Table 2 shows the Booster RF system parameters. The beam current for the single-bunch mode in the booster is 2 mA, and the RF frequency is 499.594 MHz. The injection energy is 200 MeV , and the extraction en...
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0
95b8f876-5d8f-4f08-9de1-d7782ae2ecbd
Energy loss per turn [MeV] (only Bending) 1.097 Beam Current [mA] 400 Bunch length( 𝛔s) [mm] 4.058 / 16.232 (with 3rd harmonic cavity) Number of Beamline 25(ID) 28(2 T Bend) To apply this acceleration voltage, various types of cav- ities were compared, and the 5-cell PETRA type cavity [1], which is advantag...
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0
a382ea34-416e-45be-8b5b-35e79c4e6c04
to manufacture a stand-alone LLRF system based on RFSoC. To supply 34.41 kW at the coupler, the high-power RF power amplifier (HPRF) is selected 80 kW Solid State Power Amplifier (SSPA), considering approximately 6% waveguide and circulator power losses. The operation of the SSPA is based on operating the SSPA at ...
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0
6e5ff24c-14e6-4560-a347-1fee61a7ce45
Table 2: Booster Ring RF Parameters Parameters Value Beam Current [mA] 2 RF Frequency [MHz] 499.594 Energy [GeV] 0.2 – 4.0 Turn by Energy loss [MeV] 1.57 Accelerating V oltage [MV] 3.0 Number of cavities 3 Coupling beta ~ 1.10 Required power to coupler per cavity [kW] 34.41 Rated power of HPRF / unit [kW] 80 ...
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1
84bdc62f-22e6-423b-b0ef-e999b13e3b93
cavity was selected instead of superconducting cavity to minimize downtime due to unstable operation and repairs, with the EU-HOM damped type [2] being considered as it has been verified for HOM removal. Table 4: Storage Ring RF Parameters To meet the required accelerating voltage, at least 10 EU-HOM damped cav...
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1
aab368de-011d-4fc5-9979-c9b8e5bbcbdf
Figure 2 shows the master oscillator and distribution sys- tem. The green, blue and red boxes are master oscillator, distribution amplifier and low drift and jitter optical RF signal transfer systems, respectiv ely. The plan is to install the master oscillator in the main RF building control room and distribute it t...
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cb3999a4-3cfc-4dcd-876e-ee85d5374484
Beam Current [mA] 400 RF Frequency [MHz] 499.594 Turn by Total Energy loss [MeV] (Bending, ID, others) 1.88 Accelerating V oltage [MV] 3.5 Number of cavities 10 Optimal Coupling beta 4.5 Required power to coupler per cavity [kW] 98.57 Rated power of HPRF / unit [kW] 150 Parameters Value RF Frequency [MHz] 4...
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1
0467f9ff-d9a6-4b7e-ac16-0af6c44d28f2
Figure 2: Master Oscillator and Distribution system Table 6 shows the required RF power calculated assum- ing 10 EU-HOM cavities are used. 98.57 kW is required at the coupler and taking into account approximately 10% waveguide and circulator losses, 108.57 kW is required at the output of the SSPA. Assuming the SSP...
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d33c7003-3cae-47a4-8aba-f60aacb9309d
specifications for the RF system components being final- ized in order to complete the project by 2027. Once the specifications are confirmed, prototypes of the RF devices will be produced and their performance will be verified to test their suitability for the Korea 4GSR project. The pro- duction of the final produc...
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4b9f5258-5ae3-4958-b7db-1f2daea54b82
ALBA Booster: Commissioning and Operation”, in Proc. IPAC'10 , Kyoto, Japan, May 201 0, paper WEPEA057, pp. 2615-2617. [2] E. Weihreter, “Status of the European HOM Damped Nor- mal Conducting Cavity”, in Proc. EPAC'08 , Genoa, Italy, Jun. 2008, paper THXM03, pp. 2932-2936. Parameters Value Required accelerating ...
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2
55faa603-0cc9-43da-a6f4-68b5279553fa
Output Power Stability 0.5 % Vp-p Phase Varia- tion by power 3° / dB Phase Stability 0.5° @ rated power Efficiency > 50 % @ P1dB Input/output Z 50 𝛀 Harmonics < -36 dBc Spurious < -70 dBc RF Ports In : N-type / Out : WR1800 VSWR < 2
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2
ab301574-cb37-47c0-b373-f8a2fcc5db94
PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF CONTROL SYSTEM FOR STORAGE RING RF IN KOREA 4GSR* Mujin Lee†, Youngdo Joo, Insoo Park, Bonghyek Choi, Sehwan Park Youngseok Lee, Junghoon Kim Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang 37673, Korea Yonguk Sohn, Korea Basic Science In stitute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea Abstract The co...
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0
3a203fe6-8b23-4781-9875-6d369718dd51
based on synchrotron light source was decided and started on 2020 shown in Fig. 1. The machine target parameters are 4-GeV beam energy, 400 mA beam current and less than 100-pm-rad emittance with so-called 4GSR character- istics [1, 2]. The evaluated brilliance and coherence are ap-proximately 100 times higher in th...
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0
e3edb2f3-1b93-401d-97c9-3b8aa0b2a45d
placed between the booster-ring and the storage-ring for the injection of electron bunches [1]. Figure 2: Layout of the Storage-ring in the Korea- 4GSR [1]. The capability, availability and reliability of photon beam are immediately affected by the RF system of the storage-ring. The preliminary RF parameters for...
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0
1896d5c9-2d84-4c1d-b399-748cdc6e26e5
Energy GeV 4.0 Current mA 400 Circumference M 798.84 Revolution frequency MHz 3.7528 Harmonic number - 1332 Electron energy loss/turn by bending magnets and IDs KeV 1850.1 Total beam loss power kW 740.01 RF frequency MHz 499.8773 Accelerating voltage MV 3.5 ___________________________________________ * T...
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0
b84ed0c8-db3f-4ea5-9f33-784b720ed449
For the beam stability with 400 mA beam current and 100 pm-rad emittance, a HOM damped cavity would be in- dispensable for the storage ring . The SRRF is composed of 10 RF stations to support accelerating voltage of 3.5 MV for the optimal bucket height and sufficient RF power. Each RF station includes LLRF (Low Leve...
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1
51d70cee-8843-4b9f-a0d8-308296814d48
system maintains amplitude and phase of the accelerating field within 0.1% and 0.1 degree respectively. Each cavity assembly consists of a norm al conducting cavity, vacuum devices, temperature measuring devices, cavity-cooling system. A cavity bears HOM damper, power coupler and frequency tuner. In this paper, w...
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ed95eedf-d210-475e-933a-d6326b4f7d17
support EPICS IOC service is needed in each RF subsystem to support the protocol and connect a local network and the control network. Each EPICS IOC will support their own RF subsystem. The control system additionally includes the interlock system, the post-mortem which is for the fault diagnosis during beam operati...
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28f8661c-cd34-4267-b81d-eb20e9c0bbd2
every failures. The interlock signal connection among subsystems of the SRRF is shown in Fig. 6. The post- mortem is to get snap shot data of primary RF parameters at fault events for diagnostics. So only the critical signals such as beam current, amplitude, phase, vacuum pressure and arc detection will be handled. ...
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5eb864ee-ac64-4d3a-8219-4a0ed483b312
controller will cut forcely RF power providing to cavities, when the external interlock signals (Machine Protection Interlock, Personnel Safety Interlock, Beam Position Interlock) are on. The local interlock controller gathers the status signals from each RF components and produces “ready” or “non-ready” signals. A...
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78185526-8014-43a1-99b1-2b94a4aab89e
SRRF. 10 for fundamental cavities and 6 for harmonic cavities. Monitoring signals from RF stations and the interlock system are recorded by the post-mortem at abnormal beam event. The usual recorded data is stored automatically on the network storage server with the event. Additionally the primary parameters of dia...
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d9591d6d-cf39-45f4-8afa-1ed9c59177fb
SRRF. 10 for fundamental cavities and 6 for harmonic cavities. Additional signals of the SRRF without EPICS PV are measured and digitized as EPICS PV by the DAQ system as shown in Fig. 9. For the fast acquisition, more than 200kS/s sampling rate is required on each input channel of the DAQ system. The EPICS PV da...
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dda433f0-0695-44b9-a845-91be0aadfcbd
Figure 9: Connection diagram of the DAQ System and the Archiving System for the SRRF. CONCLUSION The Korea-4GSR target parameters are 4-GeV beam energy, 400 mA beam current and less than 100 pm-rad emittance. For the beam stability with 400-mA beam current and less than 100 pm-rad emittance, a HOM damped cavity w...
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1e0e68b2-8e9b-4a00-9895-1e3dbc1c0a46
archiving system are includ ed in the control system. The RF test facility will be prepared at the PAL site until October 2023 to verify basic performance of LLRF, HPRF, cavity and instruments to be applied to the Korea-4GSR. The prototype of control system will be implemented and tested at the facility. The proto...
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b74288a6-6fc4-4ac2-8f34-63b24371983f
PARTICLE ACCELERATORS TO MEET GRAVITATIONAL WAVES S. P. Petracca∗, University of Sannio at Benevento and INFN I. M. Pinto†, University of Naples Federico II and INFN Abstract TheobservationoftheHiggsbosonbytheLHC(2012), and the direct detection of gravitational waves from a co- alescing binary system by LIGO (2015) mar...
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0
745f1e28-7528-4b29-ba98-618bb5f0c4fb
of relevant ideas and references. GW SPECTRAL COVERAGE The two US LIGOs [4] the EU Virgo [5] and the (cryo- genic, underground) japanese KAGRA [6] are the four legs of the LIGO-Virgo-Kagra (LVK) Observatory, featuring (al- beit limited) direction-of-arrival and source-reconstruction capabilities. AdditionofaLIGO-clonei...
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0
23327f22-35a6-4663-83a0-0124b9d463ee
Observing lower frequency GWs will be possible with the advent of LISA [14], a large scale ( 2.5·106km arm- length) space-borne interferometric detector, planned for launch in 2037, following the remarkable success of its pathfinder mission [15]. A comparable chinese project [16], and a smaller-scale (three drag-free s...
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0
688f1743-97a8-4db7-b3a7-efffb0bb795f
†LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration, Optica (OSA) Fellow 1Smallerscaleinterferometersarecurrentlyusedastechnologytestbeds, including GEO-600 [8], TAMA-300 [9], CLIO [10], and the Caltech- 40m [11]. Figure1: GWspectralcoverageofmainstreamGWdetec- tors: expected source bands and strain spectral densities (credit L.H. Park). ...
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0
2acf4a76-aaf7-4f1a-844b-150dd68462d0
independent shrinkage in SR circumference [31], perhaps already observed [32], has been reconsidered. Revisedestimatesofgravitationalsynchrotronradiation [33],bothdirect(at 𝜔𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐),andindirect(byGershtensteyn conversionofEMsynchrotronradiation,at 𝛾3𝜔𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐),have been presented [34,35]; detectability has been di...
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0
46f24293-6398-4361-9653-94206024dbee
newperspectiveinhadronic/nuclearcross-sectionsmeasure- ments [42]. HF GW SOURCES/DETECTORS Potential HF GW sources2are being actively investigated (Fig.2). See Ref. [44] for a recent review. The related estimates, however, are still very speculative. 2Itwouldbegood,toavoidmisunderstandings,tousethe HFshorthand in compl...
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0
c1a69564-f7b9-4514-9628-f8eedca3993d
Figure 2: Left: Axion mass, coupling, and photon-frequency (Primakoff-conversion). The grey zone corresponds to active experiments;thediagonalbandtopossibleQCD(Peccei-Quinn)generationmechanisms(credit: F.Paolucci&F.Giazotto). Right: extrapolated GW strain sensitivity of some axion experiments (credit: A. Berlin et al.)...
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1cde232f-d315-4887-8d02-ca432268b4a7
struments with 40 m arm-length, originally designed to probe quantum-geometrical fluctuations of spacetime [48], has been used to set an upper limit on the stochastic GW energydensityinthe1-10MHzband[49],andtoruleout the existence of multi-harmonic sources (eccentric binaries and string loops) above a GW-strain level ∼...
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46855ec9-14db-4f22-be8b-4c4b4504d0d6
the GW frequency, different gauges may provide handier descriptions of these interactions [56]). In particular both HF-GW[57 –59]andLF-GWdetectors[60,61](Fig.3)have beenstudiedandprototyped[62 –64],andarelikelyworth further work, in view of advances in key technologies. HF GW Detectors: ALP Experiments Remarkably,exper...
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8f5a2ed0-cac2-4403-a09d-a7f4fa0c2962
quency bands(2.7to14)·1014Hzand(5to12)·1018Hz, have been already obtained from data gathered by axion experiments [69]. HF GW Detectors: Other Two other promising (relatively) new ideas for HF-GW detectors, based respectively on optically levitated micro- spheres/disks, and on HF phonon trapping in bulk-acoustic resona...
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b36e7272-cc66-4a07-924c-31d2188ae30a
Twentyyearslater,RayW.Chiaosuggestedthatsupercon- ductors may act as GW mirrors, as an effect of WEP vi- olation by Cooper-pairs [74]. Albeit still controversial – seeRef. [75]for adiscussionand analternativederivation – Chiao’s claim, if experimentally confirmed, could be a game-changer [76].
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55885b20-cd94-40ae-8f00-3fed16c58415
Figure 4: Left: Loaded 𝑄of different SC RF cavities vs applied magnetic field w. increasing/decreasing amplitude (credit S. Posen et al.). Right: SEM image of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detector (credit K. Ilin). CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES Advances in the following areas, at the intersection be- tween the PA an...
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5e3ae4a4-dc95-4159-9daa-e1c6abadfa4a
•Large Magnetic Fields – steady operation of hybrid (SC/resistive) DC magnets at 𝐵∼45T has been achieved [82]; pulsed (15 msec fields ∼100 T are now routinely generated [83]. Localized giant (∼103𝑇) pulsed fields (via magnetically-driven implosion) have been demonstrated [84]. CONCLUSIONS We believe that enhanced int...
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e9ccec88-3de9-4652-9cb5-33c11ef775db
074001, 2015, doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/7/074001 . [5]F.Acernese et al.,"AdvancedVirgo: a2ndGenerationGWDetector," Class. Quantum Grav. , vol. 32, p. 024001, 2015, doi:10.1088/0264- 9381/32/2/024001 .[6]T.Akutsu et al.,"OverviewofKAGRA:DetectorDesignandCon- struction History," Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. , vol. 2021, p. 05A...
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2