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Figure 4: Lattice functions for some ofquadrupole settings (case a, b, c, d from top to bottom, respectively) of the periodicity five PSR lattice and frozen spin operation. Simulation Results for Frozen Spin Operation In Table 3 selected lattice properties are listed and, in Fig. 4, the Twiss parameters for all the dif...
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8a139abc-3d9a-41d3-abeb-a2863057f0da
and the spin tracking results performed with BMAD haveTable 3: Selected Settings and Lattice Parameters Obtained withthePeriodicityFivePSRLatticeandFrozenSpinOp- eration ParameterSettings a b c d QE int. gradient (m−1) -0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06 QC int. gradient (m−1) 0.0396 -0.0403 -0.0753 -0.1075 𝑄𝐻 1.8450 1.7808 1.7711 ...
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d730b994-fbed-4059-8bab-19e35d14c9bc
responding to half the one of COSY. In order to keep the lengthofthestraightsectionsreasonable,thebendingradius has been slightly decreased w.r.t. the fourfold symmetry PSRproposalreducingslightlythebeamenergies. Similar PSR designs with slightly increased sizes would allow to increase again the beam energies. ACKNOWLE...
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d180f476-27d4-4250-b8f7-b191266e91cd
REFERENCES [1]V.Anastassopoulos et al.,“Aproposaltomeasuretheproton electric dipole moment with 10−29𝑒·cm sensitivity”, BNL, Tech. Rep., 2011. https://www.bnl.gov/edm/files/ pdf/proton_EDM_proposal_20111027_final.pdf [2]V. Anastassopoulos et al., “A Storage Ring Experiment to Detecta ProtonElectricDipoleMoment”, Rev. ...
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7a0b543e-426f-446a-bb68-8174cb7bb043
STUDY OF SYSTEMATIC EFFECTS MIMICKING EDM SIGNAL COMBINING MEASUREMENTS FROM COUNTER-ROTATING BEAMS V. Cilento∗, C. Carli, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Abstract Optimizationandrealisticestimatesofthesensitivityof the measurement of charged particle Electric Dipole Mo- ment (EDM) in storage ringsrequire a good understandin...
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02f617de-056e-411f-922e-560d67fc57ab
INTRODUCTION Several schemes to measure the Electric Dipole Moment (EDM)ofchargedparticlesarediscussedatpresent. Most of these proposals foresee to run a synchrotron satisfying the frozen spin condition. This condition requires that, in the absence of an EDMandwith the well-known Magnetic Dipole Moment (MDM) in a perfe...
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15cb420c-5cda-486b-97ad-651e51367272
the sensitivity, i.e. the smallest detectable EDM, of the pro- posedexperiment. Suchsystematiceffectsmaybegenerated by unwanted electric fields owing to imperfections in the focusing structure, such as misalignments of components, by magnetic fields penetrating the magnetic shielding or generatedinsidetheshield(forexam...
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a83b8c78-1b59-4429-90e4-1499e990fb9e
staticEDMringsandinhybridringswithmagneticfocusing. Simulations have been carried out for the symmetric hybrid ring proposal [3]. In most proposals (see, e.g., Refs. [2 –4]), a target sensi- tivityof10−29𝑒·cmisquoted,thatcorrespondstoavertical ∗vera.cilento@cern.chspinprecessionrateof1nrad/sforthe800mcircumference sym...
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91d0afde-296c-4475-b79b-9d767abb22a3
paper, we will focus on a specific case of a second order effect, a geometric phase effect, due to horizontal offsets of bends and longitudinal magnetic fields penetrating the shield,describedinFig.1. Inthisspecificcasewewillhave two machine imperfections. The horizontal offsets of bends will generate spin rotation in ...
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30c2d567-dddc-45cc-b83c-5c2131a0cb7b
LONGITUDINAL MAGNETIC FIELDS This study includes BMAD [5] implementation of the symmetric hybrid ring lattice proposal and the study of a secondordersystematiceffect: thegeometricphaseeffect due to offset of bends and longitudinal magnetic fields. The symmetrichybridringdesignhasbeenchosenforthisstudy because it has in...
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a3efbfc3-5ae7-4c6c-bf65-d3a025b6e41d
twolocationswithlongitudinalmagneticfields(integrated fieldsof0nTm,±1nTm,±10nTmand±100nTm). The strength of the bendings is adjusted such that the deflec- tion (corresponding, e.g., to a slight change of the electrode spacing) vanishes. In practice, independent positioning and strengtherrorswilloccurandgenerateorbitdis...
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1ff532fa-f7f8-4426-b7b4-8a9b4c9c5f80
5 cpEDM MeetingStudy ofsystematic effects : Geometric phase effect Bending shifted outwards byxB> 0 àspin rotation in horizontal planeLongitudinal magnetic field parallel totrajectory penetrating shield àbuild -upofsmall vertical spin componentBending shifted inwards by-xB< 0 àspin rotation in horizontal planeLongitudi...
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b10c0cce-cd92-401c-a4b5-9b740acde06f
magnetic fields of 1 nTm.count for a realistic sensitivity estimate. The effect is in- dependent on the location of the machine imperfections provided bending offsets and longitudinal magnetic fields are interleaved. For the simulation presented here, all im- perfections are located within a small portion of the ring. ...
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3cf2a12f-8404-4c9d-bb92-da5575da60e1
is shown in Fig. 3. Transverse spin components for a proton with initially longitudinal polarization for different addi- tionalintegratedlongitudinalmagneticfieldsinplottedin Figs. 4 and 5. One notes that the residual radial spin com- ponentafterreadjustingtheparticleenergyisindependent oftheadditionallongitudinalmagne...
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a58c62e5-4a73-46a7-906a-803318f4c84a
andreasonablelongitudinalmagneticfieldsaddedwith48 solenoidswithalengthof1mandarandomrms 𝑘𝑆=𝐵𝑠/𝐵𝜌 value of 10−9m−1. In addition, the field of the bendings hasagainbeenadjusted(electrodespacing)tohaveno(or negligible) orbit deformation. Then, simulations have been donewithoutanyfurthercorrectionandafteradjustingth...
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c3952b35-b36a-435f-bb20-ffa0181ed342
Figure 4: Horizontal spin build up for the CW and CCW beams with longitudinal magnetic fields of 1, 10, 100 nTm. Figure5: Verticalspinbuildupandcomparisonwithanalyt- icalestimatesfortheCWandCCWbeamswithlongitudinal magnetic fields of 1, 10, 100 nTm. beamenergy tostronglyreduce arotationinthe horizontal plane and then s...
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d5a38ad9-73ed-4269-90f5-c9ab4f7bef9c
tudinal magnetic field corrections (set the integral over one turntozero). Infact,bydoingthatwecanseethattheeffect from quadratic becomes linear as expected and it is equal to ≈3 nrad/s. CONCLUSION Geometric phase effects caused by offsets of bendings andresiduallongitudinalmagneticfieldsinsidetheshield have been studi...
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844a5d02-352e-4a1e-bf5d-cb2731d1c2bc
hasbeenshownthatthiseffectmimicsafiniteEDM(cannot be disentangled from EDM combining observations with CWandCCWbeams). Fromthesimulationsforthemore realistic case, possibly with still optimistic assumptions, for alongitudinallypolarizedbeamthereisageometricphase effect of≈3 nrad/s, 3 times larger than what an EDM of 10...
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e9e8ae90-5b39-4f6a-bf11-79414388bfdd
REFERENCES [1]C.CarliandM.H.Tahar,“Geometricphaseeffectstudyinelec- tric dipole moment rings”, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams , vol. 25, p. 064001, 2022. doi:10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.25.064001 [2]F.Abusaif etal.,“StorageRingtoSearchforElectricDipole Moments of Charged Particles - Feasibility Study”, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland...
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46a85b9f-4d6e-49f8-aebe-f6246ba0128c
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE MAGNETISED IRON BLOCK SYSTEM FOR THE SHADOWS EXPERIMENT F. Stummer∗1,2, D. Banerjee1, A. Baratto Roldan1, J. Bernhard1, S. T. Boogert2, M. Brugger1, N. Charitonidis1, G. L. D’Alessandro1,2, M. Deniaud2, L. A. Dyks1, L. Gatignon1,3, A. Gerbershagen4, S. Gibson2, G. Lanfranchi5, F. Metzger1,6, R....
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2b43e23b-02a8-46c5-b674-6f2c7cfb03c7
6Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany 7University of Oxford, OX1 3RH, Oxford, United Kingdom 8Physics Department, National Technical University of Athens, 15772, Zografou, Greece Abstract SHADOWS[1,2]isanintendedfuturebeamdumpexper- iment ...
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5302d150-17bf-415b-bb71-fba7f771661d
the beam dump is caused by muons [1]. This introduces theneedofadedicatedmuonsweepingsystemconsisting ofmagnetisedironblocks(MIBs)toactivelymitigatethis background component. We present the conceptional de- sign studies in the framework of the Conventional Beams WorkingGroupofthePhysicsBeyondCollidersInitiative at CERN...
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8699dd2f-3c60-47dd-8f08-d16f476fdb5c
theSPS)isanintendedbeamdumpexperimentintheCERN NorthAreathatwouldbeabletosearchforthesedarksector particles by using the K 12beamline in beam dump mode. Inthismode,400GeV/cprotonsfromtheSuperProtonSyn- ∗Corresponding author: florian.wolfgang.stummer@cern.chchrotron (SPS) are dumped early in the beamline thereby potenti...
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a7066f53-e684-4906-b652-7a44625f78d1
detector that is about 200m downstream of the beam dump, SHADOWSwouldbelocatedalongsideK 12. Sinceoff-axis the backgrounds are typically much lower, this would allow for its location to be closer to the beam dump. THE MAGNETISED IRON BLOCKS Inpreviousstudies[1,10]itwasfoundthatthemainback- ground at the location of the...
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672fdd29-9a8f-4843-9c4e-23156eaf6a01
detector. The purpose of the MIB system is to push these off-axis muons away from the detector to further reduce the muon flux rate through the experiment. TheMIBswouldactonthemuonsintwoways. Onthe one hand, the stopping power of the iron leads to a decrease ofthekineticenergyofthemuons. Especiallymuonswith low momentu...
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Figure 1: Setup of the MIB system alongside the K12 beamline consisting of Stage 1 and Stage 2 MIBs and detector cover. Figure2: Conceptualdesignandsimulatedmagneticfieldof Stage 1 (top) and Stage 2 (bottom). When looking upstream K12 would be located on the left hand side. tofalsesignals. Ontheotherhand,themagneticfie...
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e88bdaad-87e3-490f-a186-b7ea5260d516
Due to the fact that the location is off-axis no gap for a beam-pipe is needed. The software FEMM [11] was used to model the MIB and calculate its magnetic field, which was then used to accuratelydescribethemagnetwithinMonteCarloframe- works. A python framework was created that enabled the authorsto modifythe MIBdesign...
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4ff96e84-4257-4f32-9b1a-8a2736cb4b74
ple already, a deep neural network (DNN) was trained to predict the efficiency for any given set of MIB design pa- rameters,whichcouldthenbeusedtofurtherimprovethe design. The optimisation was done in two steps, so that the optimisationofStage2alreadytookintoaccounttheimpact of Stage1. The muon distributions were simul...
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e72e40f2-12d5-4f35-89ef-882a1312adb0
startstoworkagainstthemuonseparationbypullingthelow momentum muons back. Stage 2 will work best if chosen to be a slim and high MIB with a strong field in all the outer yokeregions. Thisisduetothefactthatmostmuonsdirectly afterthebeamdump,andevenmoresothehighmomentum ones,areusuallyfoundclosetothebeamaxis,meaningthat a...
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be7379eb-77cb-4262-99b9-e827fe691f5d
REDUCTION OF THE MUON BACKGROUND FOR SHADOWS Allofthecomponentshavebeenassembledinthe BDSIM modelalongsidetheK 12beamlinetoassesstheeffectiveness of the background mitigation with Geant4 simulations [14]. The full setup is shown in Figure 1. Stage 1 is placed alongside the second 3.5m long dipole magnet downstream the ...
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d3a83595-7785-484a-b4cd-1480858e7fb7
Muons with momenta between 1 and 100GeV/c, which rep- resent the bulk of the background, will lose almost 2GeV/c for every meter of iron they traverse [15]. Therefore, the 15.2m long yoke will stop many muons before they pass throughandmakeittothedetector. Toshieldthedetector against muons that miss Stage 2 at its off-...
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event,adequateforaconceptualdesign. Withthesesettings, asampleequivalentto 1012protonsontargetwassimulated, which can be used to extrapolate to the 5×1019protons on target that SHADOWS expects to receive over its full run-time [1]. The end of the decay vessel of SHADOWS marks the beginning of the tracking system and th...
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1d898e88-7575-4373-a00e-5034bd3e218d
the expected muon flux rate from 108/s down to 8×105/s, which is acceptable for the experiment [1]. FUTURE IMPROVEMENTS Inthefuture,reducingtheMIBsizewhilstpreservingthe sweeping performance will be studied. This would avoid making excavations from the experimental hall and make space for radiation shielding. Another n...
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ae09317c-19a1-4caa-9008-68af36a9da89
SHADOWS was introduced and its performance evaluated. A first idea of the shape and the size of its constituents was givenandtheimpactoftheassembledsystemwasstudied in detail with simulations using the Geant4-based software BDSIM. It was found that the magnetised iron block sys- tem can be expected to reduce the muon b...
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34dc951b-11c7-43e4-b8ee-06da685d53bc
[2]G. Lanfranchi et al., "SHADOWS Expression of Interest", CERN-SPSC-2022-006, https://arxiv.org/abs/2110. 08025 [3]P. Agrawal et al., "Feebly-interacting particles: FIPs 2020 workshop report", Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 1015 (2021), doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09703-7 [4]F. Hahn et al., "NA62: Technical Design Document", NA...
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4e1c13c9-73b4-4b3e-80f5-17e99b131d68
PBC-REPORT-2023-001, 2023, https://cds.cern.ch/ record/2847433 [8]M. Fraser et al., "Investigating the feasibility of deliver- ing higher intensity proton beams to ECN3 at the CERN SPS North Area", presented at the 14th International Par- ticle Accelerator Conf. (IPAC’23), Venice, Italy, May 2023 paper MOPA084, this co...
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cf397c4b-adf7-4bd9-9877-08601cd70a0f
highintensityexperimentsattheCERNP42andK12beam lines", Royal Holloway, University of London, 2022, https: //inspirehep.net/literature/2113532 [13]L. J. Nevay et al., "BDSIM: An accelerator tracking code with particle–matter interactions", Computer Physics Communications , 2020-252, pp. 107200, https://www.sciencedirect...
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b4a0e77d-fbe1-483f-8ebf-7b6fca8af6b9
EARTHQUAKE MEASUREMENTS AND THOSE ANALYSIS ON IR COMPONENTS AND BELLE II DETECTOR IN KEK H. Yamaoka, M. Masuzawa, T. Kanayama, M. Maki, KEK, Tsukuba, Japan Abstract Earthquakes frequently occur in Japan. Even though countermeasures are thoroughly considered and well executed, earthquakes still impact facilities a...
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6c272a6a-f088-4254-b959-6ddd8cacf668
earthquakes. We then compared the measurements to the RSA results, which led to an idea for a countermeasure. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to understand the cause of a power shutdown of the superconducting quadrupole magnets (QCSs) at the interaction region of the Belle II detector, which is located...
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1a6967e8-9a8a-4edb-8265-7b23e4947541
on solenoids that cancel the detector solenoid field at the QCS. The size of the Belle II detector is 8 × 8 × 10 m (length, width, and height, respectively) and its total weight is 1400 tons. [3]. The power shutdown of the QCSs was expected to be caused by disturbed magnetic fields in the solenoids, as the earthqua...
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accelerator design, these displacements and interferences were taken seriously. In addition, if the displacement reached beyond the acceptable tolerance, it would be possible for damage to the beam pipe bellows connected to the QCSs to occur, and interference between the sub- detectors could also occur if the gaps b...
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(Acc-1), and its precision was 0.05 gal. The other was a servo-type high-precision accel eration sensor (Acc-2) with 10-6 gal precision. These four sensors measured the seismic acceleration in three directions. The displacements were measured with the high- precision sensor (Acc-2) which has 1.7×10-4 mm integratio...
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and the CDC in the lateral (NS) direction. Date Intensity (I) FWD (mm) BWD (mm) Difference (mm) May 3 1.3 0.0359 0.0364 0.0005 May 5 2.4 0.099 0.104 0.0053 May 9 1.0 0.0371 0.0353 0.0017 May 22 2.4 0.091 0.083 0.0084 The precision of the gap sensors was 0.6 μm, and they measured the gaps between the QCS cryo...
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e5f9d180-499b-4764-a2db-426c14f3c320
wall of the central drift chamber (CDC) in the lateral (NS) and vertical (UD) directions (i.e., in the plane perpendicular to the beam axis). Table 1 lists the maximum gap displacements for the earthquak es occurred in May, 2022. The difference between the maximum gap displacements at the two QCSs were very small co...
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VERIFICATION OF THE RSA RESULTS Ground Motion at the Underground Level After the installation of the acceleration sensors, RSA calculations were also carried out on the Belle II detector 3D model (Belle II-top) using the ANSYS software package, with the ground motion of the GL-16m as the input ground motion. Tabl...
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244dd3c2-f2b7-4e5f-ba7e-95efc098a10c
Nov. 14 2.3 0.17 0.19 -0.02 For the underground data, the RSA calculations were in good agreement with the me asurements. The comparison between RSA the calculations and the measurements in the NS direction for the earthquak e that occurred on November 9, 2022 is shown in Fig. 2. MEASUREMENT OF THE SEISMIC CHA...
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that they were almost the same for frequencies below 2 Hz. Figure 2: Upper panel: maximum displacement for Belle II-top in the NS direction as estimated by the RSA calculations by the ANSYS. Lower panel: the displacement measurements for the earthquake that occurred on November. 9, 2022. For frequencies above...
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0ac05b45-cdd1-490a-8767-24daf707bec5
These observations suggest that detectors or any building with a low natural frequency must be carefully designed, even if they are located underground. In particular, relatively large structures should be designed to optimize their natural frequencies in order to mitigate potential earthquake damage.
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MEASUREMENT OF THE RELATIVE DISPLACEMENT BE TWEEN THE BELLE II DETECTOR AND THE FLOOR The relative displacement between the Belle II detector (Belle II-top) and the underground level (GL-16m) was measured with high -precision acceleration sensors at the start of a long shutdown period for the SuperKEKB accelerato...
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20b1c420-ab61-4c3c-9373-b5a01125803a
displacements are shown as the relative displacements (red lines). In the lateral (NS) direction (perpendicular to the beam axis), the displacements at both Belle II-top and GL- 16m seem to be in the same phase, as the relative displacements were smaller than the individual displacements. However, in the longitudina...
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16742906-1691-4c0d-9898-c3b0c56d2433
transform (FFT) was performed. Fig. 5 shows the power spectrum densities (PSDs) of the relative displacements in the NS and EW directions, as determined by the FFT analysis. In the NS direction (blue line), no prominent resonant peak was observed. However, there was an obvious resonant peak at 3.5 Hz in the EW direc...
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6fe4adc9-db37-46ff-8ff8-70b796ed701f
Belle II detector, and not the QCSs themselves. The RSA results of the Belle II detector model were in good agreement with the ground motion measured at the underground level (GL-16m). For the earthquake characteristics, we found th at the acceleration response spectra at the ground and GL-16m levels were almost the...
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9fef803c-1b07-4d33-91ef-a639a8c45af1
develop additional countermeasure ideas to further protect the detector from strong earthquakes. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank Dr. Tauchi at KEK for his useful advice regarding the seismic data analysis. I would also like to express my gratitude to the Belle II group for giving me the opportunity to conduc...
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5ca5c938-6d66-4b15-b6ff-eb337c200e11
LATTICE AND DETECTOR STUDIES FOR THE MDI OF A 10 TEV MUON COLLIDER D. Calzolari, C. Carli, A. Lechner, D. Schulte, K. Skoufaris, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland D. Lucchesi, INFN Padova, Italy, N. Bartosik, N. Pastrone, INFN Torino, Italy F. Collamati, INFN Roma, Italy Abstract Amongthepossiblefutureleptoncollidersunderstudy...
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4e37ef4a-5df3-4cf9-b033-469acf7cb2cf
a cause of long-term material degradation. Therefore, the machine-detector interface in a muon collider requires a careful design, integrating massive shielding elements be- tween the detector and final focus magnets. In this paper, we devise an interaction region design for a 10 TeV muon collider with a final focus tr...
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f221e4b9-2f8b-45a8-9f29-182c15322e74
hadroncolliders[3]ismuchhigherthaninelectron-positron machines,butonlyafractionofthecentre-of-massenergy isavailableinthe collisionsduetothecompositestructure of the proton (a bound state of quarks and gluons). Muon colliders [4, 5] offer the benefit of both categories: they collidefundamentalparticles,withoutbeinglimi...
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23382bff-3539-4e29-948e-cb6f9dbe49ab
radiationdamageindetectorcomponents. Tomitigatethis phenomenon, past studies[6, 7] withinthe Muon Accelera- tor Program (MAP) [8] suggested the use of thick conical shieldingelementsbetweenthelastfinalfocusmagnetand the detector. These so-called nozzles aim at reducing the beam-inducedbackground(BIB)byseveralordersofma...
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d5e9121e-98a0-45a7-bfa1-14f1a4be13b6
FLUKA [10–12]. As a starting point, we consider the ex- isting MAP nozzle optimized for√𝑠=1.5 TeV(see Fig. 1). The magnetic lattice has been designed from scratch [13]. First results of our background studies have been presented in [14], illustrating the effect of dipolar components in the final focus region. The dipo...
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ed57cf3b-c2c4-4d58-b8cb-148f60ff0e29
thelastmagnet 𝐿∗=6 m,withbetatronfunctionintheinter- action point 𝛽∗=1.5 mm and a maximum allowed magnetic field of 20 T at the magnet aperture (see Fig. 2) [13]. In thedetectorregion,weconsiderauniformsolenoidalfield of 5 T. The first 10 TeV studies [14] showed that muons decayinginthenozzleareadonotcontributesignif...
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9fe7b119-ad70-4956-b688-6689e9513ed8
Figure2: Finalfocuslatticefora√𝑠=10 TeVmuoncollider. Top: baselinewith 𝐿∗=6m,bottom: alternativelatticewith 𝐿∗=10m. 100101102103104105 −400 −200 0 200 400 dN/dS [cm−2] z[cm]6 m: 1 .0×108 10 m: 7 .6×107BIB photons per position of crossing 100101102103104 −400 −200 0 200 400 dN/dS [cm−2] z [cm]6 m: 9 .1×107 10 m: 5 .7...
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fa82b271-1b4b-471d-a206-5fcb6f4c4a86
chinecomponents. Asshownin[14],muondecayswithin |𝑧|< 𝐿∗contribute several orders of magnitudes less to the BIB than those in final focus quadrupoles. In order to assess the impact of 𝐿∗on the BIB, an alter- nativelattice with 𝐿∗=10 mwasdevised (seeFig.2). The peakmagneticfieldatthequadrupoleapertureand 𝛽∗was assum...
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4d28e4d7-7de0-4203-8972-ae129aabd21b
which were transported down to 10−5eV. Figure3showsthenumberofphotonsandneutronsper unit surface entering the detector in proximity of the IP (|𝑧|<5m); results are given per bunch crossing. The longitudinal distribution has a similar shape for both lattice configurations,sincetheprofilesaredominatedbythenozzle shape. ...
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569b0c35-e20e-409a-a50c-136703d7d3b2
expressed in cm. Nozzle Tip The tip of the nozzle plays a significant role for the back- ground in the proximity of the IP. While first attempts to op- timizetheouternozzleshapefor10TeVwereshownin[14], we present here first background studies for different noz- zle tip configurations. Several simulations were performed...
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ebc88370-0941-4cb5-b807-5aaa77cf4c9d
−40−20 0 20 40 z [cm]024dN/dS[1/cm2]×105Photon per crossing position 20deg 1.23e+08 10deg 1.11e+08 5deg 1.05e+08 2.5deg 9.36e+07 1.5deg 8.44e+07 −40−20 0 20 40 z [cm]0246dN/dS[1/cm2]×103Neutron per crossing position 20deg 7.11e+07 10deg 7.08e+07 5deg 7.43e+07 2.5deg 7.19e+07 1.5deg 7.09e+07Figure 5: Photons (top) and n...
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845e05d6-9950-4dbb-8b61-e0684dc79ef7
theinnertrackerbyoptimizingtheshieldingconfiguration. More studies are needed to optimize the entire nozzle shape for 10 TeV. DETECTOR RADIATION DAMAGE Afirstevaluationofthecumulativeradiationdamagein thedetectorofa1.5TeVmuoncolliderhasbeenpresented in [15]. By design, the decay-induced power loss per meter isthesameas...
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e41e2068-97f3-4f70-8009-1a843f7f5048
extractedandfullydecaysinthe 10 kmcolliderring. Wefur- ther assume thatbunches are injected with arepetition rate of5 Hz, considering 200 days of operation per year. This is aconservativeassumption,sincethedesignparametersindi- catethatthedesignintegratedluminositycanbereachedina −400−200 0 200 400 z [cm]05010015020025...
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f3ac14ef-e3e0-464d-806b-2f983d338f75
the1MeV-neutronequivalentfluencemapforoneyearof operation. Onlythecontributionofonebeamisshown. The results indicate similar Φ𝑛𝑒𝑞values in the inner tracker as for the 1.5 TeV collider. This is a promising observation, indicating that thedifferent decay spectrum at 10TeV does not significantly worsen the expected ra...
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5c9f8729-bb88-447a-92c1-9107a83881f5
componentsinthefinalfocuslayout,weconcludethatthe lattice design offers a limited potential for mitigating the background. Another possibility for optimizing the physics performance at 10 TeV is the nozzle design. The simula- tionsindicatethatevenasmallmodificationofthenozzletip affectstheparticlemultiplicityaroundtheI...
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9b8090c2-e34b-494a-a10e-4aecdaf28e27
REFERENCES [1]P. Bambade et al.,The International Linear Collider: A Global Project , 2019, doi:10.48550/ARXIV.1903. 01629 [2]O. Brunner et al.,The CLIC project , 2022, doi:10.48550/ ARXIV.2203.09186 [3]L. Evans and P. Bryant, “LHC Machine,” JINST, vol. 3, no. 08, S08001, 2008, doi:10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/ S08001 [4]H.A...
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055f0f3f-b578-47f3-9e2a-79e59fbb3280
colliders,” Phys. Procedia , vol. 37, pp. 2015–2022, 2012, doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.761 [8]M. Palmer, “The US muon accelerator program,” arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.03454 , 2015. [9]D. Schulte, “The International Muon Collider Collabo- ration,” in Proc. 12th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC’21) , Ca...
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11baa2ca-15df-474e-8e94-d284d2acb279
10.3389/fphy.2021.788253 [12] Fluka,https://fluka.cern/ . [13]K. Skoufaris, C. Carli, and D. Schulte, “10 TeV Center of Mass Energy Muon Collider,” in Proc. 13th Interna- tional Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC’22) , Bangkok, Thailand, 2022, paper MOPOTK031, pp. 515–518, doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK031 [14]...
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c7bd04a1-24ab-4dfc-aa53-b2151a4dc9e4
THE STATUS OF THE INTERACTION REGION DESIGN AND MACHINE DETECTOR INTERFACE OF THE FCC-ee∗ M. Boscolo†1, A. Ciarma1, F. Fransesini1, S. Lauciani1, F. Bosi2, F. Palla2, A. Novokhatski3, T. Raubenheimer3, M. K.Sullivan3, A. Abramov4, K. D. J. André4, J. Bauche4, M. Benedikt4, G. Broggi1,4,5, H. Burkhardt4, J.C. Eriksson4,...
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cba50918-2a28-4308-9551-a606d676c6f1
tionregion. It representsamajor challengefor theFCC-ee collider, which has to achieve extremely high luminosity over awide range ofcentre-of-mass energies. The FCC-ee willhosttwoorfourhigh-precisionexperiments. Thema- chineparametershavetobewellcontrolledandthedesign of the machine-detector-interface has to be carefull...
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b3411a03-f9ae-4866-ac4e-a5042bf1644b
theengineeringdesignofthecentralbeampipe,andother MDI components. INTRODUCTION FCC-ee is a high luminosity and high energy circular electron-positron collider with an optimised circumference of almost 91km, to be built in the Lake Geneva basin. Its physics goals are to carry out precision studies and searches for rared...
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2c9d650a-f35d-4daf-ac28-90c591136d7f
(SR), albeit at much lower beam current. The most relevant parameters for the interaction region (IR) design of FCC-ee are listed in Table 1. The general collider layout is shown in Fig. 1. ∗This work was partially supported by the EC HORIZON 2020 project FCC-IS, grant agreement No. 951754. †manuela.boscolo@lnf.infn.it...
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9f2c2f42-ccda-43b6-8643-af2a58fb1117
reducesthehourglasseffect,andallowsthe 𝛽𝑦attheinter- actionpoint(IP)tobesmallerthanthebunchlength. This scheme requires a small horizontal beam size and a large crossingangleattheIP,setto30mradallowingthebeamsto enter/exit with separate beam pipes at about 1.2m after the IP.So,theinitialfinalfocusdefocusingquadrupole...
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670a84ee-0bbb-4002-bcd1-6cd9350b07c0
OutsidetheIR,theFCC-ee,theboosteraswellasthesubse- quentcollider,FCC-hh,willallbehousedinthesametunnel thathasaninnerdiameterof5.5m. Theboosterhastoby- passtheFCC-eedetectorattheIPwithatransverseoffsetof at least 8m. In addition to the SC Final Focus Quadrupoles (FFQ), the IR magnet system comprises a compensating sole...
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0d986129-6634-475d-9b41-6b3442955e70
2Tinordertokeeptheblow-upduetotheresidualdisper- sionandsynchrotronradiationinthesolenoidfringefields atanacceptablelevel,namelyatafractionofthenominal ∼1pm vertical emittance. Just in front of the compensating solenoidssitsaluminositycalorimeter(lumical),whichis designed to measure the luminosity to an absolute precis...
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5ceef1f8-1f5a-40da-9af7-21b809798fc3
rection sextupoles ate located at 497m before and 118m after the IP. These magnets are all be superconducting. Be- forefurtheradvancingwiththemagnetdesign,themultipole errortolerancesandmaximumintegratedfieldstrengthneed to be confirmed. The FFQ IR magnets are based on the ma- Table 1: Preliminary Key Parameters of FCC...
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53227c6f-fb48-453b-b53b-d2821a8d464e
Rms hor. emit. 𝜀𝑥[nm] 0.71 2.16 0.64 1.469 Rms vert. emit. 𝜀𝑦[pm]1.40 4.32 1.29 2.98 Hor. IP beta 𝛽∗ 𝑥[mm] 110 200 300 1000 Vert. IP beta 𝛽∗ 𝑦[mm] 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.6 Lifetime*[min.] 22 17.8 10 12.3turecantedcoiltechnologyrecentlydevelopedandproduced inseriesontheCERNHL-LHCproject[8]. Furthermore, a combined direct...
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c1bf63f4-6c24-4957-9119-b996e763fb48
An horizontal SR mask is placed after QC1, at 2.12m from theIP.AcircularmaskisforeseenbetweenQC2andQC1, as the physical aperture is reduced from 20 to 15 mm ra- dius. ThepresentgeometryoftheIRbeampipediffersfrom the CDR design mainly by the inner radius of the central inner pipe, which now is 10mm instead of 15mm, allo...
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46e96d14-3ae5-4574-b2da-6ae139512ebd
mostpartofthecentralchamberanduntilthelumical,water cooling is considered, with the help of asymmetric thick copperchannelsdepositedontheAlbeMet162trapezoidal chamber [10]. We have engineered the very central region of the IR, as showninFig.2. Themechanicaldesignincludesthevacuum chamber with the cooling system, the be...
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03640c2f-f86b-4c3b-921e-9d1b86de8ccb
sequence for this central region. Two bellows on either side of the IP are designed adapting the ESRF design [11] to the small longitudinal space available, about 70mm. An evolution of the detector IDEA concept has been studied to integrate the silicon tracker in the IR. It features a vertex detector, closer to the bea...
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1fc18789-4ac9-416d-a714-17f881c1795e
quency Scanning Interferometry (FSI), and an internal one, based on innovative in-line multiplexed and distributed FSI monitoring portions of fibers placed in helices shape along thesupportsofthescreeningandcompensatingsolenoids [12]. We have recently proposed a complementary R&D ac- tivityofafull-scaleIRmock-uptoberea...
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1c5181c8-f953-4eee-aeb6-0a8e7642b46d
tails plays an important role in the latter magnetic elements. The transverse beam tails are difficult to predict and depend on the stored beam conditions. The study is perfomed with BDSIM [13], utilising the GEANT4 [14] toolkit. Thesimulationmodelstartsfromthelastdipoles,andit includes the solenoid and compensating so...
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69211e41-c18f-4167-8ac6-dc190a434f1e
field hit mostly 65m downstream the IP. The SR from the FFQ and solenoid fringe field lead to an increasing power deposition near the IP as the transverse beam tails widen. SRcollimatorshavebeenimplementedintheIRregion tointercepttheradiationupstreamoftheIR.Theirpositions areshowninFig.3. Theblueandredfilledcurveshighl...
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754436a1-96a5-4bdf-a23b-ed11fe51e81a
with the 10mm radius central beam pipe and with the solenoidalfieldmaptoevaluatetheoccupancyintheCLD from SR, beam losses and IP backgrounds. Results are encouraging [18], the maximum occupancy per bunch crossing is below the safe 1% level, which is also consistent with the CDR studies [19,20]. RADIATION FROM THE IR Th...
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11bb3e12-5c53-4825-84b5-1aba9053b8a4
chamber inside or behind the first bending magnet at about 65mfromtheIP.Ahigh-powerphotondumpisnecessary to dispose of this radiation, as well as all the other radiation produced at the IR. Studies performed with GuineaPig++ show that the photon line is separated by the electron beam line by 1m at about 250m, and that ...
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55abe889-297e-4402-9b39-448f829965af
isencouraging. WehavealsoreviewedotherMDI-related studies such as the handling of beamstrahlung and the early conceptual design of a photon dump, located downstream of the IR, for this intense radiation. REFERENCES [1]A.Abada et al.,“FCC-ee: TheLeptonCollider: FutureCir- cular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2...
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033ea55e-2e8c-44d4-a13e-187da063b0a8
doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-02031-5 [4]M. Zobov et al., “Test of crab-waist collisions at DAFNE Phi factory”, Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol. 104, p. 174801, 2010. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.174801 [5]K.Oide et al.,“DesignofbeamopticsfortheFutureCircu- lar Collider 𝑒+𝑒−-collider rings”, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams , vol. 19, p....
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fda8dd8a-88c0-4964-ba71-7e657e5ee9dc
“EstimatedheatloadandproposedcoolingsystemintheFCC- ee IRbeam pipe”, presentedat IPAC’23, Venice, Italy,May 2023, paper MOPA092, this conference. [11]Th.Brochard,L.Goirand,andJ.Pasquaud,“Dispositifderac- cordemententretronçonsd’anneaudesynchrotron”,B14959 EP, request number 17160419.2 -1211 / 3223591 claiming priority ...
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3a3320b6-c67e-42c8-9700-b63f2a32663c
Instrum. Meth. A , vol. 835, pp. 186–225, 2016. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2016.06.125 [15]K.D.J.André,6thFCCPhysicsworkshop,Krakow(Poland), Jan. 2023. https://indico.cern.ch/event/1176398 [16]A.Abramov et al.,“DevelopmentofCollimationSimulations for the FCC-ee”, in Proc. IPAC’22 , Bangkok, Thailand, Jun. 2022, pp. 1718–1721. ...
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cb53ba14-c4e5-4a3c-9f1e-cb0a6f8fe86e
[19]G.Voutsinas et al.,“FCC-eeinteractionregionbackgrounds”, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A , vol. 35, p. 2041009, 2020. doi:10. 1142/S0217751X20410092 [20]M.Boscolo et al.,“MachineDetectorInterfaceforthee+e- Future Circular Collider”, in Proc. eeFACT’18 , Hong Kong, China, Sep. 2018, pp. 201. doi:10.18429/JACoW-eeFACT2018-WEXBA...
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a3cb026c-1314-400b-84ae-5223b13d5188
ESTIMATED HEAT LOAD AND PROPOSED COOLING SYSTEM IN THE FCC -EE INTERACTION REGION BEAM PIPE. * Alexander Novokhatski †, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, U SA, Manuela Boscolo, Francesco Fransesini, Stefano Lauciani and Luigi Pellegrino, INFN -LNF, via E. Fermi 54, 00044, Frascati, Italy Abs...
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0c1afabd-0a35-4943-ad25-0e28a48847a2
sent t he cooling system design and results for temperature distribution in interaction region in the operational mode. INTRODUCTION It is planned that a future e+e− collider (FCC -ee) will have a very high energy, up to 375 in the center of mas s and unprecedented luminosities [1]. To achieve high lumi-nosity, ...
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a7dbfcc1-4e4e-4964-9169-9fde2a055e19
the intersection of four beam pipes and present a very com- plicated inhomogeneity geometry. Both beams generate electromagnetic fields in IR. Depend ing upon the bunch spacing frequency, this may lead to a resonant excitation of a trapped mode located in some special places. Another heating effect is an excitati...
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4a9ad833-7722-4490-a2aa-cd32bf0ca4ff
calculations. In these calculations we assume that the beam pipe materials have infinite electrical conductivity. Now the engineering design of the IR suggests what kind of ma- terials will be used. Using the correspondent conductivity of the materials we calculate the heat load distribution along IR beam pipe. ...
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d0e9ede8-6e1f-4479-85f2-ae0c70c5cc8e
when fields are excited and absorbed in some trapped lo- cations. Your cannot avoid one mode located near the pipe connection [2]. Under resonant conditions the amplitude of the trapped mode field can be strongly magnified. The third type is an unavoidable resistive -wall wake field , which is responsible for d...
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909d1269-6c18-47bf-a8fc-9072c66318ba
lose more energy. The impedance is a Fourier spectrum of a wake potential. The wake potential is an integral of the longitudinal electrical component of the excited fields along the bunch trajectory. The impedance shows possible trapped modes as resonate spikes in the frequency spec- trum. CONCEPT OF A LOW IMPEDA...
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combine two half -ellipses in one full ellipse making one ________________________________ ___________ * Work supported partially by US DoE, Contract No. DE-AC02 - 76SF00515 , and by the EC HORIZON 2020 project FCC -IS, grant agreement n.951754 . † novo@slac.stanford.edu
d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA092.pdf
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