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1b378d29-4b06-45c2-bbcf-b8d6a175e1e5 | DATA ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF AN Me V ULTRAFAST ELECTRON
DIFFRACTION SYSTEM AND A PHOTOCATHODE LASER AND GUN
SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING*
T. B. Bolin†, S. G. Biedron1,2, A. Aslam, M. Martínez- Ramó n, Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, USA
M. Babzien, M. Fedurin, J. Li... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
57b36f7c-324e-40ee-a0c4-d563bae3140a | artificial intelligence (AI) mechanisms in conjunction with
high-performance computing. This can facilitate auto-
mated operation, data acquisition , and real-time or near -
real-time data processing with minimal intervention by a
beamline scientist. The AI-based system controls can also
provide real-time electron... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
7b94e216-aee6-4eee-ad75-d61b9f94c61a | automated state-of-the-art instrument, with a beamline sci-
entist assisting in the overall data collection process . Up-
dates on research and development efforts for the MUED
instrument in the Accelerato r Test Facility of Brookhaven
National Laboratory are presented .
INTRODUCTION
An MeV ultrafast electron d... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
47d58836-cc86-44d0-80a0-9a1c06bc6fd3 | MUED has a higher scattering cross section with material
samples as compared to other probes such as X -ray free
electron lasers (FELs) , and as such allows access to higher -
order reflections in the diffraction patterns due to the short
electron wavelengths.
However, this is a relatively young technology , a... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
55c22d6c-657e-48c0-b4f0-1049b415148d | acterization techniques have provided a new path towards
unlocking new physics by improving existing probes and
increasing the user’s ability to interpret data. Ideally, anom-
alous contribution detection and removal should not re-quire a priori knowledge of what those contributions
would be or how they would pre... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
bde278d4-f9bf-4143-9174-dfbbc6d7635d | noising techniques. The a utoencoder models provide a
method of unsupervised learning of latent space represen-
tation of data that can help reduce data noise . It should be
noted that n oise and anomalies aren’t necessarily t he same
thing , as systematic stochastic noise issues may be present .
In principle, A... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
677877f6-f458-4c69-bae6-af6fcb367aee | suitable option when no “clean” data are available and have
been proven to perform well for blind image denoising [ 6].
They can be trained to estimate and generate the noise dis-
tribution, thus producing paired training datas ets that can
be fed to an autoencoder model. These approaches can lead
to increased... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 0 |
1a08df7c-f3fe-4c28-aa9e-e09ca7d68970 | EXPERIMENTAL
The MUED instrument is located at the Accelerator Test
Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory. A schematic
of the experimental setup is presented in Fig. 1. The details
of data collection are very briefly described here. The
femtosecond electron beam is generated using a frequency -
tripled ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
0a6eeae3-eaa0-48b1-acb5-fdc2e9c1eb89 | the material. The detector system is placed 4 m down-
stream of the photocathode to collect the diffraction pat-
terns. The detector consi sts of a phosphor screen followed
by a copper mirror (with a hole for non -diffracted electrons
to pass through) and a CCD Andor camera of 512 pixels ×
512 pixels with a large ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
92eae30f-24e6-4a2a-b1fd-c1ae6512dabb | Repetition rate 5-48 Hz
Electron fluence 88-880 s-1μm-2
A schematic of the data pre -processing for ML applica-
tion for noise detection and removal is presented in Fig . 2.
A given image (dataset) is divided into an array of tiles in
Fig. 2(a). Noting that for N samples with white noise all
frequencie... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
820ce2f5-8f81-405e-bca3-c9e510e4c1fe | dure for beamline operations has been drafted, with the ex-
pectation that the “knobs” identified for manual alignment
and data evaluation can be used in the ML -based approach.
A method for remote communication with the beamline has
been identified and tested . A camera API environment has
been initialized, and ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
0c0e4925-94be-444d-bf3e-90d7a90d3c95 | onds. A convolutional autoencoder model was developed
to reconstruct large sets of diffraction patterns. The model
trained on all data (unsupervised). An anomaly was found
to produce a large reconstruction error or different feature
vector values. Anomaly detection is ongoing, and multiple
approaches are bein... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
2da5017d-55cf-4db7-b48c-5c9af89b19b0 | Fig. 3.
This work has been further documented in several talks
[8-15]. Also, a manuscript is in preparation on unsuper-
vised anomaly detection for MeV ultrafast electron diffrac-
tion (M. Fazio et al.; in preparation.) . Applications of ML
combined with MeV ultrafast electron diffraction at facili-
ties such as the... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 1 |
87b9f793-df5b-4d92-825b-0a15a2bc1d8c | Figure 3: Downs tream portion of the MUED beamline with
spectrometer extension.
Finally, some of our team members are part of the Center
for Bright Beam (CBB) [16] and are working to improve a
similar photocathode RF electron injector system to that of
the MUED located at the main ATF linac [ 17]. This
know... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
c09a5bbd-e30f-4800-ba3a-d701b5ac4277 | SLM (Spatial Light Modulator) technology, we are seeking
to optimize the set of inputs, which include the drive laser
shape and the photoinjector and electron beam setpoint pa-
rameters to produce an optimized electron beam output
based mostly on shaping the laser beam’s profile. Again,
the application is also in a... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
5955f602-f7db-4672-bd3d-d0b54f4094ef | approaches to laser (and accelerator) control ).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Mate-
rials Science and Engineering Division, Program of Elec-tron and Scanning Probe Microscopies, award DE -
SC0021365 . Funding was availab... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
dc08b5d3-71c2-464f-b6d5-cb593636cf00 | of Science User Facility. MMR partly supported by the
King Felipe VI endowed chair of the University of New
Mexico. This work was also supported by the U.S. Na-
tional Science Foundation under Award PHY -1549132,
the Center for Bright Beams. REFERENCES
[1] X. J. Wang et al., “Femto -seconds Electron Beam Diff... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
3382e20c-1555-43a3-9d5b-2e6e1afe9c53 | IPAC ’17, Copenhagen, Denmark, May 2017, pp. 554-556.
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[4] T. Konstantinova et al., “Noise Reduct ion in X -Ray Photon
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works Encoder-Decoder Models ”, 2021.
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[5] X-J Mao et al., “Image Restoration Using... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
30e77f63-596b-410c-bdfd-ad282ea5df1f | 2019. arXiv:1902.06876
[8] M. Fazio et al., “Autonomous Anomaly Detection in MeV
Ultrafast Electron Diffraction”, presented at Artificial Intel-
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TN, USA, Apr 26-28, 2022, hybrid workshop.
[9] M. Fazio ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
d4e8f805-dbe5-4f2c-a21a-215b1a64d102 | trafas t Electron Diffraction System using Machine Learn-
ing”, presented at 3rd ICFA Beam Dynamics Mini -Work-
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erators Hosted by Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chi-
cago, IL, USA, No v. 1-4, 2022.
[12] T. Bolin et al., “UE117 Advanced Control of the ATF
MUE... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 2 |
f288aa1b-7868-4916-8f3b-77d054d503d6 | Energy Science and Technology Symposium, San Antonio,
Texas, USA April 3 -6, 2023.
[14] S. G. Biedron, “ Accelerator Development for Global Secu-
rity”, presented at LINAC’22, Liverpool, England, Apr -Sep
2022.
[15] S.G. Biedron, “Data Driven Concepts For Laser And Particle
Accelerator -Based User Facility Sys... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA081.pdf | 3 |
580d46da-2d1a-417b-8d4e-3c7e6eafef1c | DESIGN OF A PERMANENT QUADRUPOLE MAGNET WITH
ADJUSTABLE MAGNETIC FIELD GRADIENT *
S. X. D ong, B. Li, B. S. Zhang, X. Q. Wang, G. Y . Feng†
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Abstract
As compared to traditional magnets, permanent magnets
can effectively reduce energy consumption and e... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
cd29e14d-1932-491c-92f4-93c512e0c649 | replace different sizes of quadrupole magnets in accelera-
tors, greatly improving systematizati on. The magnet’s me-
chanical design has been finalized, and the prototype of the
permanent magnet will be manufactured and tested soon.
INTRODUCTION
Fourth -generation light sources feature lower beam
emission, highe... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
1bd5d837-b45b-43cf-b6ab-82a077ea80eb | an excitation coil, which reduces the longitudinal space of
the mag net by more than 10 cm. This eliminates the issue
of a large number of magnets in each bend section and a
small longitudinal spacing brought on by the MBA lattice
structure, which is typically used in fourth -generation light
sources, and signific... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
75837b09-d14d-49c9-8c3f-969d2f3dd2ef | ter turbulence.
Simultaneously, permanent magnets with adjustable
central magnetic field gradients would increase the system-atization of the light source and will surely be a pioneering
effort for the building of future light sources from the standpoint of the development of the light source as a whole. This is an... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
a3e80798-4133-465c-a96c-f9692f8ba49f | with an adjustable central magnetic field (PQM) in HALF.
The main requirements of PQM are summarised in Table
1.
THE DESIGN OVERVIEW
The PQM is based on the design of permanent magnets
to achieve high gradient field strengths, as well as the ad-dition of motor modules, allowing the PQM to modify the
central ma... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
ee201a12-30e3-499b-9c1e-5ca2db1c9844 | symmetry reasons, which are adjusted by using four mo-tors to rotate the sub -excitation module at a corresponding
angle, changing the magnetization direction of the sub -ex-
citation module. It should be noted that all four sub -excita-
tion modules rotate at the same angle. In practice, the cen-
tral magnetic field ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
c3da7c59-4182-4330-b3a0-9c1c3af466bd | Radia has the advantage of being able to calculate multiple models at the same time in a single program, but the results
may be less accurate. The advantage of Opera is that the
results are more accurate, but the models in the software
are more complex to build.
________________________________ ___________
* ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 0 |
e18e1b7f-c90d-46c0-8059-b54ae36f5946 | Figure 1: The image of PQM model in 2D.
The simulation of the PQM's physical dimensions came af-
ter the initial schematic design. The primary excitation
module's peripheral radius as well as the sub -excitation
module's center coordinates and radius were all simultane-
ously simulated using the Radia software duri... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 1 |
94d02f86-3c5c-48fc-afb0-290872f4fcc6 | ics. After optimizing the pole, we perform chamfer ing to
achieve the physical length design goal.
PHYSICAL DESIGN
A preliminary schematic diagram of the main excitation
module ’s structure (1/4) was produced for the preliminary
desig n by simulating the PQM using Radia for v arious
sizes, as shown in Fig. ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 1 |
571c7d46-230a-430e-b716-7ec8059f7f1d | which has center coordinates of (89.1 mm, 89.1 mm) and a radius of 36 mm. the PQM's longitudinal length is 299
mm.
OPTIMIZATION
Because of the PQM's sm all physical size, the restricted
breadth of the pole causes high harmoni cs (for example, it
will generate hexapole field) , thus we use a pole shaping
method... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 1 |
d45d465a-aaaf-4f4e-998d-168aeaba3280 | n=6, n=10, and n=14, the high harmonics were all greater
than 1×10−5 before pole optimization. The high harmon-
ics analysis of the PQM was less than 1×10−5 after pol e
optimization.
Figure 4: Original Harmonics at the maximum (a) and min-
imum (b) magnetic field gradient values at the PQM's cen-
ter.
Figure... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 1 |
22fc8473-eb35-43c5-b7e0-e8ad86a25156 | Lastly, Opera3D was used to further optimize the model,
chamfer ing the model and changing the magnet's physical
length to achieve a goal ef fective length of 300 mm. The
effective length L can be determined by the following
equation:
𝐿𝐿=∫𝑑𝑑𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑧𝑧0
−𝑧𝑧0
𝑑𝑑𝐵𝐵𝑦𝑦
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑠𝑠=0. ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 2 |
1adf119c-8389-4b6a-9530-33019111c192 | central magnetic field gradient of th e PQM can be adjusted
between 56.28 and 71. 6 T/m. The error range of plus or
minus 5‱ of the center magnetic field gradient (x=0), as
shown by the red and blue lines in Figures 7 and 8, respec-
tively, is re garded acceptable and is also known as the good
field area. The good... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 2 |
022f17e8-3a10-46ed-8ba5-6a329f106977 | PQM .
CONLUSION
Based on the permanent magnet quadrupole iron, we
have developed a permanent magnet quadrupole magnet (PQM) in this paper that has an adjustable central magnetic
field gradient to meet a specific set of engineering require-
ments. And the light source would save operating expe nses
like electrici... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 2 |
bb95d05a-3ba6-4a24-8cbc-487e08184ba1 | sertionDevices/Software/Radia
[3] Opera, https://www.3ds.com/products -services/sim-
ulia/products/opera
[4] G. Le Bec, J. Chavanne, P. N’gotta, “Shape optimization for
the ESRF II magnets”, in Proc. 5th Int. Particle Accelerator
Conf. (IPAC’14), Dresden, Germany, 2014, pp. 1232-1234.
doi:10.18429/JACoW -IPAC... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA082.pdf | 2 |
359b4064-8ae2-4c39-8d68-38085fb40bd3 | INVESTIGATING THE FEASIBILITY OF DELIVERING HIGHER
INTENSITY PROTON BEAMS TO ECN3 AT THE CERN SPS NORTH AREA
M.A. Fraser∗, M. Brugger, C. Ahdida, G. Arduini, P.A. Arrutia Sota, H. Bartosik, J. Bernhard,
M. Calviani, A. Colinet, L.S. Esposito, R. Franqueira Ximenes, F. Gautheron, B. Goddard,
J.L. Grenard,Y. Kadi, V. Kai... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
96e0dc0f-515a-490a-afa2-007265e82e54 | cavernintheNorthArea(NA)identifiedasasuitablecandi-
datelocationforafuturehigh-intensityexperimentalfacility
compatiblewithalargevarietyofexperiments,thenewPBC
ECN3BeamDeliveryTaskForcewasmandatedtoassess
thefeasibilityofdeliveringaslowextractedbeamofupto
4×1019protonsperyearat400GeV.Thiscontributionsum-
marises the co... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
5d0cf4db-7361-4236-ac72-e87a02746dca | project that is already underway.
PBC PHYSICS PROPOSALS
ThePBC StudyGroup [1]hasmoveditsfocus tositing
a future high-intensity experimental facility in ECN3 of
the NA [2], which was originally designed in the 1970s,
to satisfy the demands of a compelling set of PBC experi-
mental physics proposals from Run 4 onward (>2... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
f41ea9db-f57c-4a18-89a3-894d7ab9881e | HIKE [4], SHADOWS [5] and SHiP [6]. HIKE proposes a
comprehensive kaon physics programme along with a beam
dumpmodetosearchforFeeblyInteractingParticles(FIPs).
SHADOWS proposes an off-axis search for FIPs running
in parallel with HIKE in beam dump mode, whilst SHiP
∗mfraser@cern.chproposes a dedicated facility searchin... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
185f4977-107c-4fab-a42b-d599b7ad833a | CONS project for exploitation after Long Shutdown (LS) 3,
i.e. starting in 2028. The complete findings of the Task
Force can be found in [8]. The Task Force recommends a
dedicatedbeamdeliveryscenariothatneitherrequiresthe
presentbeamsplitting(sharing)norimpactoftheexisting
targets toavoidincreasing dose rates in thepri... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
29b946a1-ad48-4436-b36f-e2f8fca3f38f | share adequate protons to the rest of the CERN accelerator
complex and other NA experiments and users [9]. It also
reducesthescopeoftheworkrequiredduringLS3inTCC2
to prioritised consolidation items.
Activation From Slow-extraction
A factor of ∼4reduction of the beam loss from slow-
extraction is needed to facilitate th... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 0 |
58091421-2e7b-44e0-ab34-c0983167b35f | EHN1
ECN3
TCC8TCC2TDC2
EHN2
NA-CONS Phase 1: 2019 -2026
NA-CONS Phase 2: 2027 -2030 Radiation Protection
critical areas(a) NA-CONS project baseline scope and timeline
T2
T4
T6TT21 TT22 TT23
TT24 TT25H2
H4
H6
H8
P4
P42
M2
EHN1 ECN3 EHN2SPS
TCC8
PBC exp.
TDC2 TCC2 (b) NA transfer lines and dedicated beam delivery scenar... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
39299244-504a-4843-b380-68c1f811fc07 | separationof40mm,whichprovidesthepossibilitytobump
the beam vertically between the target plates and towards
ECN3. TheMTNdipolemagnetsintheT4wobblingsystem
(allowingto impingeontheT4 targetatdifferentanglesand
allowtoselectdifferentsecondaryparticletypesandener-
giesfortheH6andH8beamlines)canbekeptpoweredin
DC mode and... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
286acb50-59e7-46fc-abfc-e5357d8f3de3 | for the vertical T4 target bypass. Not all magnets and power
convertersintheP42beamlinewillhavePulse-to-PulseMod-
ulation(PPM)functionalitybeforeLS4andsothesemagnet
strengthswereleftunchangedfromtheNAoperationalcycle.
Measurementsshowedadiscrepancywiththeexpectedfo-
cal point location at the T4 target and during a camp... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
fb52c196-1f83-4cad-827d-daf6ea63f336 | launchedaspartoftheNA-CONSprojecttotacklethisissue.Radiation Protection (RP) Twocriticalareasabovethe
tunneloftheP42transferlinebetweenTCC2andTCC8with
insufficient shielding have been identified, see Fig. 1a. First
mitigationmeasureshavealreadybeenimplementedandfur-
therimprovementstotheshieldinghavebeenproposed[15].
A... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
dd267dda-2d91-4c3a-9161-08c71b4419a1 | studies forsuch shieldingimprovements havealready been
launched. With these improvements implemented, the high-
intensitybeam transferfromTCC2 toTCC8is expectedto
be compliant with CERN’s RP code.
Beam Instrumentation Inviewofurgentlyunderstand-
ing the primary beam transmission from SPS to ECN3,
newinstrumentationwasi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
82c82784-6bdf-426d-a823-f4ae92308b78 | bration of intensity monitors. Two successful calibrations
with activation foils were carried out in front of the existing
productiontarget(T10)upstreamofECN3. Simultaneous
irradiationmeasurements for all targets (T2/T4/T6and T10)
are planned to provide an accurate ( ∼%) transmission mea-
surement from T4 to T10, i.e. ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 1 |
296e286b-0c77-4587-a5df-945b4aa61a4f | Survey and Alignment Therealignmentandsmooth-
ing of the NA primary lines is important in the context of
thehigh-intensityupgradeincludingtheconnectionofthe
survey networkfrom TT20 through theT4 target system to
P4/P42. The survey of P42 is already underway and started
intherecentYETS2022/23tosmooththeworstmisalign-
me... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
e074df04-f64b-4122-bff5-0a43bd3706f7 | Magnets and Power Converters
The dedicated beam delivery scenarios will include ei-
ther(i)ashort,dedicatedECN3cycle(1.2sflattopovera
7.2scycle)compatiblewithSHiPor(ii)along,dedicated
ECN3 cycle (4.8 s flat top over a 14.4 s cycle) compatible
with HIKE/SHADOWS. Both cycles are compatible with
the powering solution fore... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
2830d957-eff2-4728-b207-dbaeba505a61 | tensity[22,23]. ThemostcriticalBIDsinTDC2andTCC2,
including the splitter collimators (TCSCs) and target sys-
tems, do not need significant upgrade with the choice of
the dedicated beam delivery scenario [24]. However, the
TCSCsinTDC2andthemobiledumpcollimators(Target
Attenuator eXperimental, XTAX) located downstream of... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
6db1f03b-495e-4bfb-822f-69227937b303 | becausetheMTNdipolescannotbepulsed. Itisproposed
to dump this small amount of beam, if needed, on a new
dedicated absorber installed in the upstream part of P42.
Instead, this small fraction of beam could be transported
totheproductiontargetinTCC8andexploitedforphysics
inECN3,alongsidethededicatedcycles. However,during... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
9f748f96-8e7c-42d6-8122-c3c475dc2f70 | sparedevice,potentiallyalreadyactivatedastoreducethe
amount of radioactive waste.
TCC8/ECN3 INFRASTRUCTURE
The impact on the NA-CONS project was analysed in de-
tailandsynergiesidentifiedtominimisethecostanddemand
onresourceswhenincludingtherequiredupgradeofthepri-
mary beamlines and TCC8/ECN3. A new target complex
inT... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
94102d2c-735d-4482-9b5f-bcae02cceac1 | operation continues to the rest of the NA. The civil engi-
neering work required in TCC8/ECN3 is limited to minor
excavationsandreinforcements,aservicebuildingfortarget
ancillaries and power converters, as well as an additional
shaft for equipment installation (in the case of the SHiP
experiment) [28]. The reuse of exi... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
ee59d84b-8109-45bd-8c49-bae8c68f5e5b | oritisestherelevantconsolidationworkinTDC2andTCC2,
but relaxes the demand for additional resources in LS3 by
decouplingandstaggeringtheworkplannedinTCC8/ECN3
tomostlyafterLS3,aimingatcompletionandexperiment
commissioningbeforetheendof2030. Atimelydecisionis
neededbeforetheendof2023inordertoremaincompatible
forphysicsop... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 2 |
3f274193-607f-4ae2-9569-68d7e76c9a2e | REFERENCES
[1]Physics Beyond Colliders Study Group, https://pbc.web.
cern.ch/
[2]O.Aberle etal.,"StudyofalternativelocationsfortheSPS
Beam Dump Facility", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Rep.
CERN-PBC-Notes-2022-002,28Feb2022; https://cds.
cern.ch/record/2802705
[3]PhysicsBriefingBook ,EuropeanStrategyForParticlePhysics
Pre... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
1f735790-6c52-4eb7-99be-241f42143d5b | [6]O. Aberle et al., "BDF/SHiP at the ECN3 High-Intensity
BeamFacilityLetterof Intent", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland,
Rep. CERN-SPSC-2022-032, SPSC-I-258, 2022; https://
cds.cern.ch/record/2839677
[7]C. Ahdida, "SPS Beam Dump Facility - Comprehensive De-
sign Study", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, CERN, Geneva,
Switzerland, R... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
3d79d2f8-20ed-4aea-a636-36c181426e00 | [10]M.A.Fraser etal.,“SPSSlowExtractionLossesandActi-
vation: Update on Recent Improvements”, in Proc. IPAC’19 ,
Melbourne, Australia, May 2019, pp. 2391–2394. doi:10.
18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPMP031
[11]B. Balhan et al., "Improvements to the SPS Slow Extraction
forHighIntensityOperation",CERN,Geneva,Switzerland,
Rep. CE... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
dba93017-bfd7-4ab7-91eb-457be8b9ca49 | 22.123501
[14]F.M.Velotti,"TT20opticsmeasurements-update",presented
at ECN3 Task Force Meeting #11", CERN, Geneva, Switzer-
land, 13 Oct 2022; https://indico.cern.ch/event/
1206726/
[15]C. Ahdida and E. Nowak, "Shielding studies for the EHN1
ramp and bridge (P42)", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland,
Rep. EDMS#2815402, 2023; ht... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
d5491624-9381-49b3-ad57-d91b2a49967f | [18]C. Ahdida et al., "Assessment of the radiation levels at
the EHN1 ramp - Status report", CERN, Geneva, Switzer-
land, Rep. EDMS#2770240, 2022; https://edms.cern.
ch/document/2770240/
[19]J. Bernhard et al., "P6 Beamline Magnets Removal in TT83
during YETS22-23", CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Rep.
SPSX-L-EC-0008, EDMS#... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
a7e3b49e-2eb8-4587-9aa4-3ed478595147 | [22]R.F. Ximenes, J-L. Grenard, J.M.M. Ruiz et al., "Target sys-
temsdesignforahighintensityfacilityintheCERN’sECN3
area", presented at the 14th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf.
(IPAC’23),Venice,Italy,May2023,paperWEPM112,this
conference.
[23]C.J.Sharp,A.RomeroFrancia,R.FranqueiraXimenes etal.,
"Assessment of Beam-Inter... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
d8bc6a33-1929-4891-9fc3-d38a5e7434a0 | Geneva,Switzerland,Rep.EDMS#2812843,2023; https:
//edms.cern.ch/document/2812843
[26]C.AhdidaandM.Calviani,"ConsiderationsonTargetSys-
tems for ECN3: design & requirements", presented at the
JointBDF-CBWGmeeting#4,CERN,Geneva,Switzerland,
Rep. EDMS#2798727, 17 Nov 2022; https://edms.cern.
ch/document/2798727
[27]A.T. C... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA084.pdf | 3 |
19147938-434c-4b28-9bb7-afcb35c5cf2b | DEVELOPMENT OF BENT CRYSTAL MANIPULATION SYSTEMS FOR
BEAM COLLIMATION AND EXTRACTION AT CERN
Q. Demassieux∗, R. Seidenbinder†, M. Calviani‡, O. Aberle, B. Salvant, D. Mirachi, C. Antuono,
E. Matheson, M. Fraser, P. Hermes, S. Solis Paiva, S. Redaelli, L.S. Esposito,
European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Ge... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
c681f3e5-38c5-40b5-8f38-833895d7dc0b | crystal channeling. But they also must sustain longer op-
eration, with higher beam energy, and provide additional
functions. In this paper are presented crystal channeling
devices in operation or development at CERN. Target Ex-
traction Crystal devices, operated in SPS ring, reduce beam
powerlosses during slowextracti... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
50d0eb5f-011f-439d-bdc2-c1b9707d36a4 | latticeshaveproventobeveryeffectiveforhighenergybeam
manipulations [1–3]. Bentcrystalspossesssteering capa-
bilities equivalent to very high magnetic fields, while being
very compact (physical interaction length of a few mm-cm)
andpassive(noenergyrequiredforsteering). However,they
have very limited angular acceptance a... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
033a80b0-72c9-4814-b195-4a1796c4c15b | toreducesbeam lossesbypreventingparticlesto impinge
on the electrostaticseptum wires downstream. FourTarget
∗quentin.demassieux@cern.ch
†regis.seidenbinder@cern.ch
‡marco.calviani@cern.chcrystal Primary Collimators TCPCs are installed in interac-
tionregion7oftheLHCring(IR7)andarepartoftheLHC
collimationforbetatronclea... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
da082025-3940-4c16-bb83-a22e1b76db51 | rootedinthespecificityoftheirrequirements,summarised
in Table 1.
TheTECAisoperatedatalowerenergy,usingamixof
crystal channelling (Channel.) [5] and volume reflection
(VR) [6]todeflectthebeamawayfromtheSeptumwires.
Angularacceptanceofthecrystalforchannelingishigher
at low energy [7], which allows for a bigger tolerance ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
9fd82cf3-c109-4a08-8ba4-b74beb9491f5 | runs,andwilloperatealongercrystalassembly. Twooper-
ationmodesarerequired: directinterceptionofthebeam
halobythecrystal,oraspartofadoublecrystalchannelling
experiment [4]. In this mode, a secondary particle produc-
tiontungstentargetmustbe positionedbetween 100µmand
500µm upstreamof the crystal,with a 100µm accuracy.
T... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 0 |
b8ec6bef-4a9b-4342-9e6f-039dd036b3d6 | Table 1: DevicesSpecifications
Spec TECA TCPC TCCP
Particles p+ 208
82Pb p+
Energy 400GeV/c 7TeV/c* 7TeV/c
Crystal length 2mm 4mm 70mm
Crystal bending >150µrad 50µrad 7mrad
Interaction zone Volume Edge Volume
Interaction type Channel. + VR Channel. Channel.
Linear Res. 5µm 5µm 5µm
Angular Res. 1µrad 0.1µrad 0.1µrad
Ang... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 1 |
8a6306b8-8f47-40c7-b69d-4ff9c142278a | relationshipknowna priori ofthe linear axespositions and
corresponding crystal angle. The crystal is ultimately finely
positioned using the measured beam losses as a reference.
Moreover, only one of the two linear actuators is used for
angular correction, which implies that small parasitic linear
motionsoccurs. Thesesm... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 1 |
74262a5f-d389-487e-9dd6-3a7717b89252 | accuracy of angular positioning has to be one tenth of the
TECA’s . To achieve 1µradaccuracy, the design strategy
adopted differed from the TECA.
Core design elements are presented in Figure 2. Linear
andangularmotionswereseparated,tominimizeparasitic
mechanicalcouplings. Whilelinear motionis stilldrivenby
a reduced st... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 1 |
4f503056-7e02-407c-9fbb-079d57aba794 | angleprovidedbyaninterferometrysystem. Threeoptical
heads measure an accurate distance to matching retrore-
flectors rigidly linked to the crystal assembly, providing a
measurement feedback with less than 0.1µrad resolution.
Finally, the TCPC use is limited to ion beams, as the
beamcouplingimpedancewouldbeveryhighforno... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 1 |
ff798c60-5b1b-4ddd-8ee2-8c7b938d8c82 | Figure 3: Picture of TCPC rotational stage during assem-
bly∣1-Crystal fixation block ∣2-Flexural pivot axis ∣3-
Piezoelectric stack ∣4-Piston∣5-Tensioning spring.
ments remain identical, and hence the design of TCCP will
haveasimilarconstructiontothatoftheTCPC,withinde-
pendentlinearandangularmotions,adedicatedrotatio... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 2 |
1f89ce65-c484-4113-99e5-ae41ba078d6e | frequencyresonantmodesduetothegeometryandmaterials
invicinityofthebeam. Preliminaryimpedancestudieswere
conducted to evaluate the effects of various cavities designs
ontheinducedelectromagneticpowerlosses,asmorethana
fewwattsofheatingwouldrequireacomplexcoolingsystem.
Themodelusedasimple beamtubewitha cutoutonone
side ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 2 |
1ad2c792-8dee-4abb-8ecf-9b8225f4316a | of the crystal holder itself. Further improvement could be
achievedbychangingthedesignandmaterialsofthecrystal
holder.
The schematic design of the equipment is presented in
Figure 4. A rotational stage similar to the one of the TCPCTable2: Powerlossesscenariosforseveraldesignconfigura-
tions. ReferencebeamisLHC-HLproto... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 2 |
bec992a4-8c9c-40cc-bdb7-154bbea6745e | and target support ensure that most of the vacuum tank is
invisible to the beam for loss minimisation.
Figure 4: TCCP core schematics, cutview perpendicular
to beam axis ∣1-Crystal ∣2-W Target ∣3-Rotational stage
∣4-Interferometry system ∣5-Linear motion systems ∣6-
Electromagneticcavity ∣7-Vacuumtank ∣8-Electriccontac... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 2 |
d4c23584-a2f3-43dc-a8dc-ec48b15e0dce | goniometers,astheyareabletoreliablymaintainthecrystals
in the very narrow acceptance range of crystal chanelling
athigh energy. Finally,theTCCP aimsto capitalizeon the
know-howacquiredwithTCPCdesigntoaccommodatea
longercrystal,anindependenttungstentarget,andoperation
for proton beams up to HL-LHC nominal intensities. | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 2 |
abae0c4c-bbca-4ba9-b3e2-217c8f07f42b | REFERENCES
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[2]W. Scandale et al., “Beam steering performance of bent ... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 3 |
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17f1651d-7716-44c5-ac5c-0dcfd4aa5b56 | Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, 1997.
[8]D.Quartullo etal.,“Electromagneticcharacterizationofthe
crystal primary collimators for the hl-lhc,” Nucl. Instrum.
Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A , vol. 1010, p. 165465, 2021.
doi:https://doi.org/1/zero.alt4.1/zero.alt416/j.nima.2/zero.alt421.165465
[9]F.M. Velotti et al., “Septum sh... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA085.pdf | 3 |
93209c93-34e4-42df-a128-f0c382b876ab | PERIODICITY FIVE LATTICE PROPOSAL FOR A
CPEDM PROTOTYPE RING
V. Cilento∗, C. Carli, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
Abstract
The community studying facilitiesto measure a possible
Electric Dipole Momentof a chargedparticle(cpEDM) in a
storageringagreedthata PrototypeStorage-Ring(PSR)is
required as intermediate step to addres... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
3ae25da0-dcb2-4c94-8d3f-d1c6d07f2bc1 | version [1] and later on strong focusing versions [2,3] of
such a cpEDM ring. Common to all proposals with electro-
staticquadrupolesisthattheaverageradialmagneticfieldis
aseverelimitationofthesensitivity,i.e.,thesmallestElec-
tric Dipole Moment (EDM) that can be discovered. The
assessment of these unwanted radial magn... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
922589be-f8c6-45ac-b7bb-b141d7e3dd0e | limitations in general. Thus, the community agreed that a
Prototype Storage-Ring (PSR) is required as intermediate
step. First PSR lattices proposed [3] had fourfold symmetry
and allowed stable lattices with strong quadrupole strengths.
However,theproposedgeometrydidnotallowtoobtaina
stablemachinewithweakverticallyfocu... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
b58fce40-3bcd-4ce4-be6a-ff61d9b9ca52 | Afivefoldsymmetrylatticeisproposedinordertoover-
come the limitations of the fourfold PSR ring proposals.
Such a machine with fivefold symmetry allows two oper-
ational modes: one with only very weak vertically focus-
∗vera.cilento@cern.chingquadrupoles andthe otherwithstrong quadrupolesand
higher (horizontal) tunes.
P... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
439c37d4-a538-4e8a-9f6a-506e2ec0366e | Still,stablelatticesarepossiblewithveryweakverticallyfo-
cusingquadrupolarcomponents. Forthismodeofoperation
andonlyelectricfields,thehorizontaltuneisabove2,which
workswellwiththehigherperiodicity. Themainparameters
forthe PSRproposalspresented aregivenin Table1based
on reference [3]. The geometry of one period is show... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
7c7fded5-4402-4e89-8605-014bdbf52b0e | ily QE and QC, respectively. The dots correspond to the
quadrupolesettings(casea,b,candd)listedinthelattice
properties (see Tables 2 and 3).
Simulation Results for Electrostatic Beam Opera-
tion
In Table 2 selected lattice properties are listed and in
Fig. 3 the Twiss parameters for all the different cases are
shown fo... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 0 |
0f2b4640-891e-42f6-b678-0d60b3ad0174 | Figure 1: Geometry of one fifth of the periodicity five PSR lattice with bending radius of 7.20m.
Figure2: Workingpointsforsomeofquadrupolesettings
of the periodicity five PSR lattice.
Table 2: Selected Settings and Lattice Parameters Obtained
with the Periodicity Five PSR Lattice and Electrostatic Op-
eration
Paramete... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 1 |
61cf223c-6091-413e-982f-628e0eb6e560 | with G = 1.17285 for protons, that is in this case -0.877191.
From simulations, instead, the spin tune is evaluated as:
𝑄𝑆=−𝛼/2𝜋=1/2𝜋arccos(𝑆𝑧)−1, that is -0.877191,
with𝑆𝑧=0.7168057,thatisthelongitudinalcomponentof
the spin, and 𝛼=2𝜋- arccos(𝑆𝑧). From this evaluation
wecanseethereisaperfectagreementbetwee... | d:\Daily_ihep\Weekly Progress Report\20260425\41_IPAC'23\MOPA - Monday Poster Session_ MOPA\MOPA086.pdf | 1 |
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