id stringlengths 36 36 | text stringlengths 1 1k | source stringlengths 42 191 | page int64 0 1.03k |
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fbed8bfd-f784-40dd-952a-5233a4dccb11 | doi:1/zero.alt4.1/zero.alt4/zero.alt42/9783527623426
[8]Prusa Research, Prusament PETG Tungsten
75: Material Datasheet , accessed Apr. 2026.
https://www.prusa3d.com/de/produkt/
prusament-petg-tungsten-75-1kg-nfc/17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6055.pdf | 3 |
1998e6ce-0f9a-40aa-81bb-d736af9b7b88 | NOVEL TIME- OF-FLIGHT MEASUREMENT ON A SHORT BASE
Z. Kormány
HUN- REN Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen , Hungary
Abstract
Time -of-flight (TOF) measurements are superior to
other methods of measuring beam energy, since the quan-
tity being measured is directly related to the velocity, and
therefore ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
06917894-7abc-4566-90ca-0b31803ab9b1 | sors.
A novel method and device have been developed for ac-
curate TOF measurements on a base as short as 20 cm. Two
capacitive pickups in a common mechanical structure with
an additional electrode are used. The signals from the probes are combined within the vacu um chamber, resulting
in a single signal path from ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
265c7b6a-d892-40d1-8ee3-7ef01af0e788 | accuracy was found to be at least one order of magnitude
better than the accuracy of the energy value calculated from the cyclotron parameter settings.
The prototype unit was developed for the cyclotron at
the HUN -REN Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI).
Installed in its main beamline, it can continuously mo... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
29e3dd17-eb3e-4b63-8791-615ea03a6db4 | fore, the nominal extraction radius is used instead, which
can lead to significant errors, particularly with multi -parti-
cle and variable- energy machines. Therefore, proton ther-
apy cyclotrons, for example, are built as fixed- energy ma-
chines, which allow the extracted beam energy to be deter-
mined and repeate... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
29b53146-a998-456d-955b-044ba85cf237 | measurement methods and systems that have been devel-oped, Time -of-flight (TOF) measurements [1, 2] offer
many advantages, including a direct relationship with the
energy value, possible non-destructive measurement and
low operating costs. However, its large spatial requirement
between the probes mean s it can o... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
a817e1f0-955b-4417-b91c-c46e9b6980ff | ence of the signal paths must be smaller than 0.56 ps.
Equalising cable and amplifier delays with such accuracy is technically not feasible. However, it is not necessary to
equalise the signal path delays perfectly . It is sufficient to
know the exact value of the existing difference. The novel
device and method ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
89a00efc-a558-4c1a-8398-0fa2aa08baab | uses a special sensor unit comprising two probes and an
17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6056
MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and Instrumentation 2709WEP: Poster session WEP6056
Content from this wor... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 0 |
d19c60de-3119-4797-a774-a828f2e8ae32 | intermediate electrode. The probes are arranged within a
shared mechanical construction ensur ing that the distance
between the m (the flight path length) is fixed and can be
accurately measured using a coordinate measuring ma-
chine. For example, for a flight length of 20 cm and a co-
ordinate measurement error of ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
113560e2-e7f2-4be8-a537-c49247973d9c | insulators and Invar spacers. The applied materials mini-mise changes to the flight path length caused by tempera-ture variations. A grounded cylindrical electrode with an
inner diameter equal to that of the beam pipe is positioned
between the probes. This intermediate electrode plays an
important role in the constr... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
c50ec44c-a12e-4332-9078-aae59ad0123f | The signals from the capacitive probes are added in the
unit by a passive RF power combiner (Mini -Circuits ZSC -
2-1W+). Since the flight time in the compact unit is shorter
than the bunch length, the signal from the second probe is
delayed before being adde d to ensure the generated pulses
remain separate. As sho... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
3686edb1-a2ab-4186-a89b-9a8288f6110f | the flight path or cable length. Thus, the exact delay differ-
ence can be determined from the two measured time values
using the same energy beam . This value is then subtracted
from each measured time difference between the pulses in order to calculate the time of flight of the beam bunches . Since temperature va... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
84e44a73-3757-48fc-9bbe-c322a700a460 | The single signal path from the sensor unit to the meas-
urement electronics enables modifications to be made freely as no change to this path can affect the time differ-
ence between the pulses. Therefore, the sensor unit can eas-
ily be relocated and used in another beamline, or even at a
different accelerator.
... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
c1cf3a6c-5661-4b03-8da4-9fb4eafafb01 | distance between digitally sampled pulses. This algorithm
produces a minimum when the first pulse is shifted towards
the second by an amount equal to the exact time difference
between them. However, due to the sampled signal, the
shifts can only be integral multiples of the sampling dis-
tance of 200 ps. To achi... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
d281eb61-ed96-4348-88ed-25c3054e1921 | the measured distance between the two pulses) is at
24,377.9 ps. This time value incorporates the delay caused
by the extra cable length, as determined by a calibration
measurement. This value (19,887 ps) can be seen in the top
right- hand corner of the figure. Subtracting this value f rom
the measured pulse dist... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 1 |
fbcc7fae-e2af-428f-a591-1dc055ed0be5 | value of 4 490.9 ps corresponding to a beam energy of
10.398 MeV .
Due to quantisation noise in the finite -width analog -to-
digital conversion process, the measured time difference
between pulses, and consequently the calculated time -of-
flight and energy values, fluctuate. This effect can be miti-
gated by cal... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
074031a0-81c2-4aa3-ac33-a4ab61bb1274 | software was tested using repetitive 5 -ns-long pulses from
a high -precision RF signal generator. The unipolar pulses
of the generator were differentiated and filtered to produce
bipolar pulses similar to those generated by the beam bunches on the probes. The period length of the pulse
stream was varied over a br... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
a44c4262-13e5-48b7-8749-b463d4ad7797 | ergy for the
27Al(p,n)27Si reaction.
The accuracy of the entire system in practical operation
was tested by comparing the measured energy of the cyclo-
tron beam with a well -known reference value. Specific nu-
clear reactions can provide such reference energy values.
The 13C(p,n)13N and 27Al(p,n)27Si reactions we... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
29575363-de91-49d4-9d9e-a9d6df53d1c8 | sults can be found in [ 4]. Fig . 4 shows the neutron yield as
a function of the measured projectile energy for the
27Al(p,n)27Si reaction. The inflection point was obtained by
fitting the data below and above the threshold energy.
The threshold values for the 13C(p,n)13N and
27Al(p,n)27Si reactions, as determine... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
05580fb6-a05c-4d8f-9e6e-bd92d6841029 | Monitor (BEM) has been created by applying time -of-
flight measurement technique on a short base. It comprises
a novel sensor unit with two capacitive probes and an in-
termediate electrode. Combined probe signals result in a
single signal path and digital signal processing is used to
measure the time between the ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
9248665a-60bb-4a00-8334-c6f315533801 | rate beam energy measurements and monitoring for each
beamline and target during irradiation.
The new device is the subject of an international patent
application [5]. It has also been commercialised and is
available from ionEM Kft . [6].
REFERENCES
[1] H.-B. Mak, H. B. Jensen, and C. A. Barnes, “Absolute mea... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
2d972a07-f875-42f7-a046-3735120f6731 | USA, Rep. 312, A pr. 2003.
[4] Z. Kormány and L. Csedreki, “Verification of the accuracy of a compact beam energy monitor,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A , vol. 1076, p. 170483, Jul. 2025.
doi:10.1016/j.nima.2025.170483
[5] Z. Kormány , “Method and apparatus for measuring and mon-
itoring the energy of cha... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6056.pdf | 2 |
3b02e072-dabd-476c-8d28-bb1eeb99af8a | CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS OF NON-REDUNDANT APERTURE
INTERFEROMETRY FOR BEAM SIZE MEASUREMENTS
U. Iriso, L. Torino∗, A. Turull Barot†, ALBA Synchrotron (Spain), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
B. Nikolic, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom
N. Thyagarajan, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Orga... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
d5a92091-443f-459b-b951-00f3767c7973 | comparethem with experimental data. This paper presents
theresultsofthesestudies,whichdefinethecapabilitiesand
limits of NRAI applied to the current ALBA machine.
INTRODUCTION
The characterization of transverse beam dimensions is a
keyaspectinaccelerators,asitprovidesameasurementof
beamemittance. Thesemeasurementsareus... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
139088b1-0880-4ed6-944a-1102cfc2606e | developedamethodtoacquirealltransversebeamdimen-
sions in real time with only one acquisition using visible
light [4,5].
Themainideaistoacquiretheinterferencepatternand
analyze it in the Fourier domain where, due to the non-
redundancy, each pair of pinholes interferes at a specific
spatial frequency, allowing us to se... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
b43224db-4a3b-4d8e-be1d-cd55d07475a1 | ation in a controlled environment, followed by the experi-
mental validation at the Xanadu beamline [ 6].
∗ltorino@cells.es
†alba2.turull@gmail.com
Figure 1: Experimental setup.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
The experimental setup (Fig. 1) selects only the visible
light of the synchrotron radiation using a half-mirror lo-
cated u... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
122c7957-7ced-4b49-883c-29ffac95ea51 | incoherence due to turbulence and non-uniformity in the
radiation path. The 9-hole NRA mask used in this study
is presented in Fig. 2, while the 5 and 7-hole configura-
tions are described in Ref. [ 5]. As shown in Fig. 1, the light
then passes through a lens, a magnifier, a polarizer, and a
colorfiltertoselectthedesir... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
11726a77-99fc-4dbf-b04a-9a849bd5a537 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6068
2712 MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and InstrumentationWEP6068 WEP: Poster session
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 0 |
2078b644-6aad-4163-90d4-c2e803a7b2e0 | resolutionlimitsandtheconsistencyoftheprocedureinideal
situations. Themethodwasthenvalidatedexperimentallyat
the Xanadu beamline to identify the limitations that appear
in a real experimental environment.
Simulation
We simulated the Xanadu beamline at the ALBA Syn-
chrotronusingSRW.Wemodelthesourceasa2DGaussian
electro... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 1 |
5664cc54-042c-41e3-aed5-35a469a51a0c | example of the interferogram obtained by this simulation
compared to the one captured in the real system is shown
inFig.3fora5-holeNRM,demonstratingthatthesystem
produces the expected diffraction pattern, very similar to
the experimental one. The slight discrepancy observed may
be attributed to a difference in the mask... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 1 |
c10c16b5-49bd-4f9b-84dd-c60c1bcd2166 | as 5𝜇m, with low errors across all NRA masks used. As
seeninFig. 4,theresultsshowthatwecanreconstructsmall
sizes in both horizontal and vertical dimensions.
Tofurtherverifytherobustnessofthefittingresults,we
reconstructed the illumination profile (gains) using the sim-
ulated data. The results in Fig. 5show that we re... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 1 |
54e1195d-e227-4fbc-8cf9-99ed052d4e26 | Experimental Results
We perform a vertical beam size scan to verify the ability
to measure beam sizes using the 5, 7 and 9-holes masks.
Using the skew magnets, we reduce the coupling to the
minimumandreachabeamsizeofaround20 𝜇m. Then,we
applyacoherentverticalbeamexcitationusingthebunch-
by-bunch feedback system to inc... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 1 |
f85d4a7b-3e22-443a-890b-7d70263a651d | beamsizes should not be the same.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6068
MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and Instrumentation 2713WEP: Poster session WEP6068
Content from this work may be used under the ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 1 |
b138ff5e-549e-431d-b694-21dbb29d90fa | Figure6: Horizontal(upper)andvertical(lower)dimensions
ofthereconstructedbeam,for5,7,and9-holesmasksand
thepinholewhilechangingthegainoftheverticalexcitation.
To further validate our results, we also performed gain
reconstruction on the experimental data. Figure 7compares
thereconstructedgainsforthe9-holemaskwiththedir... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 2 |
be1a0ca5-4a42-409e-ac91-159303b1f52b | for operation. Figure 8shows an acquisition of 24h with
three different masks. Data were taken on different days,
butalwaysduringuseroperationconditions. Theagreement
withinthethreemasksisverygood. Notethatthelargestrms
oscillationsislessthan5%,anditcorrespondstothevertical
(i.e. smallest)beamsize. Asmallbump(beamsizei... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 2 |
1e72c8d8-30bc-4369-bb80-0b43e8ec9522 | zoom in Fig. 9).
Figure 9: Increasing in vertical beam size and angle mea-
sured with the 7 NRM.
CONCLUSION
Thisreportshowstheextensivetestsperformedtoanalyze
the NRAI technique applied to beam characterization for
reconstructingtransversebeamdimensions. Theresultsof
theSRWsimulationsshowthatthemethodisrobustenough
for... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 2 |
1839b851-6ff7-42b3-a47d-e8d4e9bb04ee | light diagnostics beamline accordingly to fully exploit its
potential.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6068
2714 MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and InstrumentationWEP6068 WEP: Poster session
Content ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 2 |
72c18af3-a7c0-477f-b12c-913a6eca1d68 | REFERENCES
[1]P.Elleaume, C.Fortgang,C. Penel, andE.Tarazona,“Measur-
ingBeamSizesandUltra-SmallElectronEmittancesUsingan
X-Ray Pinhole Camera”, J. SynchrotronRadiat. , vol. 2, no. 4,
pp. 209–214, Jul. 1995.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt47/S/zero.alt49/zero.alt49/zero.alt449595/zero.alt4/zero.alt48685
[2]T. Mitsuhashi, “... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 3 |
62ed801f-5173-4a97-9fa3-f95fa051f9b5 | [4]B. Nikolic, C. Carilli, U. Iriso, N. Thyagarajan, and L. Torino,
“Two-dimensional synchrotron beam characterization froma single interferogram”, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams , vol. 27,
p. 112802, 2024.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt43/PhysRevAccelBeams.27.1128/zero.alt42
[5]L. Torino, B. Nikolic, C. Carilli, N. Thyagarajan,... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 3 |
fd898210-3166-4d66-a5bf-bf4765b53f55 | THP01G,pp. 1177–1179.
[7]U.Iriso,A.A.Cazorla,I.Mases,andA.A.Nosych,“PSFChar-
acterization of the ALBA X-RayPinholes”, in Proc. IBIC’22 ,
Kraków,Poland,Sep. 2022, pp. 421–425.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IBIC2/zero.alt422-WEP1617th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 9... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6068.pdf | 3 |
89a35bcd-87d2-438c-b89a-76a3109744a9 | BUNCH-BY-BUNCH CHARGE, POSITION, AND PHASE DIAGNOSTICS
USING AN OSCILLOSCOPE-BASED ANALYSIS FOR ALBA
J. Bañuelos∗, U. Iriso, ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Abstract
TheALBAsynchrotronispreparingitsupgradetoALBA
II,afourth-generationstorageringthatwillrequireimproved
bunchbybunchbeamdiagnosticsinordertof... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
d5403f49-3013-4961-ad63-ec43c3007698 | II [2], where the beam energy is kept at 3 GeV, but the
emittanceisreducedto200pm. Themachineupgradehas
to comply with several constraints imposed by the decision
ofmaintainingthesame circumference(269m), TheRF sys-
tem will be preserved, retaining the six 500MHz cavities
andaddinga newthird-harmoniccavity(3HC)to lengt... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
264a995d-0c7f-40c4-a6b1-d340ea81eb3e | hardware. For a 500MHz RF system, this requires GHz-
classbandwidthandmulti- GSs−1toresolvesub-nanosecond
BPM signals. We showhow this method is implemented at
ALBA to extract bunch-by-bunch charge, transverse posi-
tion,andlongitudinalphasefromBPMsignals. Themethod
is first validated under nominal operating conditions... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
52aab0e0-fea9-4397-90a4-5e3a0a63ebe6 | this case, the scope is the 4 channels 6 GHz Keysight scope
(MXR604B).Precisematchingbetweencablesisperformed
∗jbanuelos@cells.esinthisprocess,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedhardware
synchronization. At ALBA, the revolution period is 896ns.
Acquisitionsare typicallyperformed overtime windows in
the range of 2–10 ms at a sa... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
05a281cb-acc3-4333-9412-f334b3b5f0a4 | METHOD VALIDATION
The method is thoroughly described in [ 4]. Briefly, the
foursignalsfromtheBPMelectrodesareacquiredusinga
broadbandoscilloscopeduring 𝑠𝑖𝑚thousandsofturns. From
multipleturns,aresponsefunction(look‑uptable,LUT)is
reconstructed for each bunch and electrode, achieving an
equivalentresolution of 0.1ps.... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
da454b60-225b-46d9-907e-ef41b0b7d3f3 | For each of the four BPM channels, the peak‑to‑peak
amplitudeofthereconstructedbunchresponsefunctionis17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6069
2716 MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and InstrumentationWEP6... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 0 |
38bad625-eca1-4e90-9439-841430fd5eb0 | measured. The sum of these four amplitudes is a relative
measurementofthebunchcharge,whichisthencalibrated
againstthetotalbeamcurrentmeasuredbytheDCCT.Fig-
ure3comparesthebunchcurrentobtainedwiththismethod
withtheTime-CorrelatedSinglePhotonCountingsystem[ 5].
Both methods agree within 1%.
0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0
B u ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 1 |
109ca014-c671-43be-a347-c9d59f31e273 | amplitudes are then combined using the well-known ”Delta
over Sum” technique.
Figure4showshorizontalandverticaltransversepositions
duringaninjection,forallbunchesandover ∼1.5thousands
turns. Notethatbunchesbetween0-40havealargerresid-
ualoscillationsthantherest. Thisisaconsequenceofthe
ALBA injection system, where the ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 1 |
9a6fd8aa-6293-498e-bd90-8e86f630701b | ative and positive peaks of the bipolar signal (see Fig. 2
and Ref. [ 4]). Due to the high sampling interpolation, the
resolutionisintheorderof0.1ps. Figure 5showstheresult
oftherelativecentroidphase,whichcorrespondstotherela-
tive longitudinal position (in other words, it corresponds to
the bunch synchronous phase, re... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 1 |
fd76ad97-9d7e-45de-8ed0-15c1c4237a29 | thehortuneisconstant,thevertuneshowsasmalldetuning
withthebunchcharge(seetheslightslopefortheverplane).
Figure 4: Transverse beam position during horizontal in-
jection. The data correspond to the injected bunches for all
turns, showing the evolution of horizontal (top) and vertical
(bottom) orbits.
0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 1 |
c6d50ab4-32a9-49bb-b18d-b7937227beb7 | C u r r e n t ( m A )0 . 3 6 20 . 3 6 30 . 3 6 4Q y
Figure 6: Dependence of transverse tunes 𝑄𝑥and𝑄𝑦on
bunch current.
APPLICATION EXAMPLES
The BPM-based analysis provides access to additional
beam-dynamicsobservables. In this section,the method is17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 1 |
0f06af0b-cc29-44e2-9d92-bbccf774b28f | Figure7: Bunch-by-bunchphasefordifferentRFvoltages
under1/3fillingpattern(top). PhasecomparisonwithSC
and TBL for2.6 MV RF (middle). Phase gradients relative
to the accelerating RF voltages (bottom).
applied to beam-loading and RF-transient studies. To evalu-
atethecapabilityofthemethodtoanalyzetransientbeam
loadingeff... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 2 |
45d9ea39-9428-48ff-977c-16b1f1db96a1 | gradient for different rf voltages obtained with the 3DBPM,
the SC, and the model, showing a good agreement between
the three methods and validates the TBL studies in [ 8].
Finally,tostudythelongitudinalbeamdynamicsunderan
RFperturbation,atransientexperimentwasperformedby
switchingoffoneofthesixALBARFcavities. Theevolu... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 2 |
08c562b3-b517-4223-8e39-9247b1a1326f | cavity switch-off, compared with ALBA LLRF.
SUMMARY
Anoscilloscope-basedbunch-by-bunchdiagnosticsystem
hasbeenimplementedatALBAforbeamcharacterization.
ThemethodprocessesBPMsignalsacquiredwithanoscillo-
scope to extract bunch-resolved charge, transverse position,
and longitudinal phase without a dedicated synchronizati... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 2 |
10543baa-e294-4581-b78f-bba70c6e67ef | theevolutionofthetransientlongitudinalphaseduringan
RFtriphasbeencapturedshowingaverygoodagreement
with the LLRF data. These results demonstrate a flexible
BPM-based tool using a fast high sampling oscilloscope
for bunch-by-bunch diagnostics in both the longitudinal and
transverse plane.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Authors warmly ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 2 |
fe0391e2-f05d-480e-a8dd-c27a1fce19ae | inProc. IPAC’24 , pp. 1220–1223, 2024.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt424-TUPG/zero.alt42
[3]F.Pérezetal.,“3HC:thirdharmonicnormalconductingactive
cavitycollaborationbetweenHZB,DESYandALBA”,in Proc.
IPAC’22, pp. 1471–1474, 2022.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-IPAC2/zero.alt422-TUPOMS/zero.alt42817th Internation... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 2 |
522b5c61-e0c4-4fc3-a451-77ce1b97b8f3 | [4]X.Xu,Y.Leng,Y.Zhou,B.Gao,J.Chen,andS.Cao,“Bunch-
by-bunch three-dimensional position and charge measurement
in a storage ring”, Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams , vol. 24, no. 3,
p. 032802, 2021.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt43/PhysRevAccelBeams.24./zero.alt4328/zero.alt42
[5]L.TorinoandU.Iriso,“Timecorrelatedsinglephotoncount... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 3 |
de5eecb9-fa30-4355-8477-66e231e8ff7d | [8]I.Bellafont,“Studyandmitigationoftransientbeamloading
in the double RF systemof ALBAII”, unpublished.
[9]A.SalomandF.Pérez,“DigitalLLRFforALBAstoragering”,
inProc. EPAC’08 , paper TUPC148, 2008.17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6069.pdf | 3 |
308f2e15-da38-45ca-b934-cc0e2e84fef1 | MULTI-HARMONIC BUNCHER EXPERIMENT OVERVIEW FOR THE
ISOLDE SUPERCONDUCTING RECOIL SEPARATOR PROJECT
I. Bustinduy∗, K. Altenmüller, I. de los Bueis, D. Fernandez-Cañoto, P. González, R. González,
G. Harper, J. Martín, R. Miracoli, J. Muñoz, S. Varnasseri, A. Zugazaga
ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
Abstract
TheISOLDESupercond... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
8fe24d0a-8a30-4c19-ad70-8824505491f6 | installed before the RFQ. The MHB was designed as a two
electrodes system, and the RF signal composed for the first
fourharmonicsofthefundamentalfrequency,isfedintothe
electrodes. Thesystemwasfirsttestedinthelaboratoryupto
the nominal power conditions. Prior to delivery of MHB
to its final location in ISOLDE, it will b... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
3c4124a6-f9f3-48b5-9d0a-893ed7341cf9 | The ISOLDE Superconducting Recoil Separator
(ISRS)[1]requiresalongerbunchspacingthanthatdeliv-
eredbytheHIE-ISOLDElinac. Tomeetthisneed,theISRS
programmeatESS-Bilbaoisdevelopingamulti-harmonic
buncher(MHB)operatingat10.128MHz,onetenthofthe
linac frequency, so that the beam can be rebunched while
remaining synchronized ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
5b897270-e451-407f-9a41-8ad4fe1f35bc | line also includes ACCT current transformers, a Faraday
cup, a Wien filter (WF), and a fast Faraday cup (FFC) for
future bunch-length measurements [ 4]. To prepare beam
commissioning, the ESS-Bilbao injector was configured to
reproduce the reduced velocity required for the ISOLDE
∗ibustinduy@essbilbao.org
3.2General to... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
10b52780-4c91-4a0b-8a17-a69be5793075 | 1:2 2/2Parque Tecnológico, 201
48170 ZAMUDIO (Bizkaia)
tel: 94 607 66 20
www.essbilbao.org
I.BUEIS
I.BUEIS
J.MUÑOZ
I.BUSTINDUY 04/06/202404/06/202404/06/202404/06/2024 ISOLDE MHB ASSEMBLY
ISLD-MHB-00-0000-ESS.01Front view
Scale: 1:2C
CA
A62027
Section view A-A
Scale: 1:2123
4A
BD
DD
EF
GH
IJ
KB B
CD
Isometric view
Sc... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
ac988b67-3abe-435e-ab2d-58eb4bd26c4e | ISOLDElinac,beforetheREXRFQ,astandard4wayCF63
vesselhasbeenchosen. Oneofthecriticalelementsisthe
required feed-through for the electrodes. We have chosen a
tailor made double CF63 HN connector based on the VA-
COMW-HN50-GS-SE-CE-NImodel. Thismodelcanwork
upto7GHzandupto 7kVDCvoltage. Amongthemany
studied models, the ve... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
a7174ba7-6199-4ab8-956d-972ba86e6da1 | ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6071
2720 MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and InstrumentationWEP6071 WEP: Poster session
Content from this work may be used under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence (© 2026). Any distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s), title... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 0 |
1cc23230-15c8-4bd3-a0fc-03e22fe4c9aa | Thermo-mechanical simulations show active cooling is not
neededforthegivenheatload. Toguaranteetherequiredcon-
centricitybetweenelectrodes,aKetron1000PEEKspacer
andspacerbarrelswereconsidered. FEMsimulationsdid
not appreciate substantial effects from these elements in the
electromagnetic fields.
RF SYSTEM
The RF chain ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
81924323-a59a-4b69-aa97-d052492b5337 | supply. The driver feeds the RFE-24M30M1K7X+ solid-
state high-power amplifier module, which is able to amplify
CW and pulsed RF signals to power levels above 1700W.
Thismoduleincludestemperature-compensatedgatebias-
ing, temperature and current monitoring, and an external
TTLemergencyshutdowninput,whichcanbeusedtopro-... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
edfd7c1b-06c0-4064-8ff7-5088d8847c53 | COMMISSIONING
In order to adjust precisely the specimen energy required
by the experiment, we had to adjust iteratively the extrac-
tionvoltagesettingin the ionsource highvoltageplatform,
whileoptimizingtheopticaltransmissionconditionsinthe
LEBT solenoids and conducted sequentially to minimize
perturbations on the plas... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
d016cead-d824-4858-a617-2d2ad5158fda | quence,ourmodelhadtofocusonaparticularnarrowregion
of interest next to 1×103us to keep certain consistency.
The main purpose of the WF is to calibrate the beam
energy and species composition. Since the magnetic field
oftheWFwasslightlydifferentfromthemagneticmodel,
the relation between estimated kinetic energy 𝜔𝑖of e... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
2cc38959-375b-40fb-83e2-78a6d957ea02 | (µs). Andtherefore,estimatetherequiredplatformvoltage
settingtogetthedesired 𝜔𝑖= 10.094 keVthatresultsinthe
same𝛽as required by the ISOLDE experiment. According
to this approach, the required voltage would be 10.55kV,
with a𝑅2coefficient of determination equal to 0.9988.
Optimization
The ESS-Bilbao injector was ori... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
df1651d8-dcea-4477-8a57-da8a7f3a7944 | lowed the team to optimize beam current and pulse flatness
simultaneously.
The objective, as described in Fig. 3is to seek the best
steerersolenoid configuration that provides both maximum
current at the second Faraday cup (FC2), and the second
SOLENOID1 SOLENOID2
SOL1
STH1
STV1SOL2
STH2
STV2FC2 ACCT2 ACCT1FC1
ACCT4 AC... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 1 |
cdb8a69c-14d0-44b2-a4c0-bf9ef132f482 | Figure 4: Evaluated population and Pareto front for the four
steerer multi-objective optimization problem. Each point
represents a certain combination of four steerers.
objectiveistohaveahomogenousbeampulseshape. Sev-
eralderivative-freeoptimizationstrategieswereinvestigated
fornoisy linactuning. Particle Swarm Optimiz... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 2 |
674a3b4e-726c-4587-a087-eaacc24c885c | a single merit function, NSGA-II evolves a population of
candidate machine settings toward a Pareto front. This pro-
videsasetoftrade-offsolutionsfromwhichtheoperatorcan
selectthemostappropriateworkingpointaccordingtoex-
perimental priorities or hardwareconstraints. In this sense,
GP-based Bayesian optimization was the... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 2 |
2709652e-1003-42f5-b47a-9e49acb19d95 | techniquesappliedtotheLEBTsteeringsystemincreased
thebeamtransmissionbymorethan30%,whilerequiring
onlyalimitednumberofmachineevaluations. Inaddition,
thecombineduseofbeamdynamicssimulations,solenoid
scans, and Wien-filter measurements provideda consistent
framework for identifying the relevant hydrogen species,
benchma... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 2 |
043223a1-7d29-46d0-9785-ee9f62b1ff99 | concept under realistic operating conditions.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This work was funded by Spanish MCIN, Recovery
and Resilience Funds, and European Union ”NextGener-
ationEU”.
REFERENCES
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4cb8f690-7408-4300-b22a-9bbc0ff34cb6 | doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-LINAC2/zero.alt422-TUPOJO/zero.alt42
[4]S. Varnasseri, I. Bustinduy, P. J. González, R. Miracoli, and
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HB’23, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 426–428, Mar. 2024.
doi:1/zero.alt4.18429/JACoW-HB2/... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 2 |
83c6046b-8f9c-4193-b08a-01a5bd3edcdf | Trans. Evol. Comput. , vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 182–197, 2002.
doi:1/zero.alt4.11/zero.alt49/4235.996/zero.alt41717th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2026-WEP6071
2722 MC6.T03: Beam Diagnostics and Instrumentatio... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6071.pdf | 2 |
df929bdf-8e60-4724-9c9c-dd9392d67d7f | IFMIF -DONES BEAM ON TARGET DIAGNOSTICS BASED ON OPTICAL
METHODS : OTR AND FLUORESCENCE *
J. Herranz -Feito , A. Ortega Moral , I. Podadera , M. Weber , IFMIF -DONES España, Granada, Spain
D. Jiménez -Rey, C. Oliver, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
J. Valenzuela-Valdés, UGR, Granada, Spain
Abstract
The IFMIF -DONES fac... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
e4fa2725-b37f-4c9b-aebd-f3c8d42a3c17 | diation background, an atmosphere of lithium vapor, deu-
teron scattering with the residual gas and secondary elec-trons production. To measure the footprint under the se con-
ditions optical methods are designed based either on meas-uring Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) of the beam passing through the liquid lithiu... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
5b9bb035-5280-4fe0-a3e6-42e17b864ea2 | damage similar to the ones expected in a fusion reactor .
This neutron flux is produced by the reaction of 40 MeV deuterons with liquid lithium at 300 ºC. A n accurate meas-
urement of the beam is essential to properly control the ma-
terial irradiation.
The nominal beam profile at the target simulated in
TraceW... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
3b34c26b-3374-4807-ae49-3784906dcd91 | and associated electronics can be located far from the tar-
get. This is important because the T arget Vacuum Chamber
Cell (T VC), the beam lithium interaction region , is charac-
terized by a harsh environment of high irradiation [5] and
lithium vapour [6]. To minimise th ese problems, it is pro-
posed to locate... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
5f032fd3-51be-4cc3-9977-58164fdd625f | another depends on the filters used. T he pros and cons of
both techniques, based on the light yields and spatial pro-
files are discussed .
LIGHT YIELDS
The different light yields produced at the T VC have been
calculated [7]. The results are shown in Fig. 3. The studied
sources are: 1) BIF of deuterons with ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
ec81eeed-4146-4cc0-a4f4-147b46b1a230 | by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme,
and also by the Regional Andalousian Governme nt under the project
TECHAC (ProyExcel_00989).
17th International Particle Accelerator Conference, Deauville, France JACoW Publishing
ISBN: 978-3-95450-252-3 ISSN: 2673-5350 doi: 10.18429/JACoW-IPAC... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 0 |
8c7f3c4c-6911-450e-9bfe-6747aeeaea18 | Figure 3: Light sources yields at TVC compared as a function of the wavelength. BIF of argon (neutral Ar and ionized
Ar+), lithium (Li), deuterium (D 2) and hydrogen (H 2) due to deuteron beam (D+) and secondary electrons (e -). OTR of
deuteron beam impinging on 300 ºC lithium curtain . Thermal radiation of liqui... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
9b4bb5d9-55d6-4146-9b5c-cb8839091b1e | Electrons yield production coming from lithium ionization
is estimated to be 0.017 e -/D+ considering extrapolated
data from electron beam irradiation on pure lithium [ 8].
The electron energy distribution is calculated using the ap-
proximation given in [ 9]. BIF SE cross sections are
weighed using this dist... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
097a4ce4-3776-4205-9150-78c0d06afe5d | considering the lithium curta in as a concave mirror. The
cross section 𝜎𝜎 data only exists for a given kinetic energy
and particle type, thus extrapolations should be made, typ-
ically based on the Bethe- Bloch formula [ 12]. The data
used is taken from [13 ] for Ar, [14 ] for H 2 and D2 and [1 5]
for the exci... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
8a8f38a0-59b8-4597-8eb0-2661d8549588 | tinuous spectrum, but it is grouped in 10 nm bands in Fig.
3. The relative permittivity has been estimated using the
Drude ´s model [17], since no experimental values of the
relative permittivity are found in the bibliography .
Thermal radiation yield of liquid lithium , 𝑛𝑛𝑂𝑂ℎ, is calcu-
lated using the Pl... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
00bde51e-a252-427d-b2aa-c702712a557d | This means that it is difficult to observe exclusively OTR
without an overlapping of BIF signal. Furthermore, Ar has
several spectral lines in the optical spectrum and very nar-
row filters (< 5 nm) should be used to isolate OTR from
BIF. On the other hand, there is a BIF spectral line of lith-
ium at 670.8 nm wh... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
84b0cd29-51d3-46fd-b3de-148517b34baf | sion. BIF due to SE is orders of magnitude lower than from
deuterons. Finally , it is noted that these conclusions are
based on calculations and assumptions are made . Experi-
ments must be done to better characterise BIF and OTR. 1,00E+061,00E+071,00E+081,00E+091,00E+101,00E+111,00E+121,00E+131,00E+14
300 400 50... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 1 |
fb4a602a-af3c-448a-9c3a-ba634d5299ca | SPATIAL PROFILES
The spatial shape of the light emitted by OTR and BIF
is also studied . OTR is a surface interaction characterised
by two lobules form emission [ 16]. However, only a solid
angle of one lobule is seen when placing the detection sys-
tem far away. As OTR is directly proportional to the beam
inte... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
22c25d0a-cf19-400d-84e0-917567ad43ff | ulation setup of the horizontal profile is shown in Fig. 4.
Figure 4: 2D Ray tracing simulation setup.
The simulation consists of the TVC, and the TIR geom-
etry modelled with adsorptive walls except the lithium cur-
tain which is full reflective . The diagnostics based on a
mirror, a lens and the spatial ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
8271b303-d77c-49fd-9c3a-4614b3203a7b | stant though the beam path. No 3D effects are considered.
The simulation of the detector response is shown in F ig. 5.
Figure 5: Profiles observed in the detector of the 2D simu-
lation. OTR/BIF ratio is adjusted to compare profiles . Fig. 5 shows that the OTR distribution is like the beam
profile while the BIF ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
c5a16491-c9f3-4fa8-878b-dd3988ec6a1b | To obtain experimental yields a setup that measures the
OTR from liquid lithium is being built. Special interest is
given to deduce the electrical permittivity of 300 ºC liquid
lithium and reduce its uncertainty. The setup consists of an
electron beam of 10.8 KeV continuous 1 mA, which has
the same 𝛽𝛽=0... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
83800fa7-e75f-4cbc-8fc0-1dc8e7c91873 | CONCLUSIONS
OTR and BIF to measure the beam profile at the target
are compared . OTR gives the exact beam profile distribu-
tion, but it has a low yield emission. BIF has a larger yield,
but the profile obtained is distorted respect to the beam pro-
file. Narrow bands could be used to isolate only OTR emis-
sion ... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
6e8db356-6f24-42d7-a905-235e7d350c33 | characterise OTR yield . Experimental work is currently
ongoing based on testing the e - gun and measuring OTR
on solid targets. The next step will be to adapt the setup to
hold liquid lithium as the target for e- beam irradiation .
0100200300400500600700
0 2 4 6 8Intensity [arb. units ]
Detector pixel positio... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 2 |
76fc8e95-4533-46f8-b88f-7a47deee038a | REFERENCES
[1] A. Ibarra et al., “The IFMIF -DONES project: preliminary
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[2] I. Podadera et al. , “Overview and current status of the
IFMIF -DONES accelerator systems ”. Nucl . Fusion , vol. 65,
no. 12... | D:\Daily_ihep\Conferences\IPAC2026\WEP\WEP6074.pdf | 3 |
db8000d5-e25d-43cc-bd0e-c2045d8353f3 | [5] Y. Qiu et al. , “Status of DONES neutronics, source terms
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