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14,437
it's what all journalists do we travel across the world with our in our hands and we wait for the gems and the gems are always the outermost aspects of our personality and we stitch them together like medieval monks and we leave the normal stuff on the floor and you know this is a country that over diagnoses certain mental disorders hugely childhood bipolar children as young as four are being labeled bipolar because they have temper tantrums which scores them high on the bipolar checklist when i got back to london tony phoned me he said why haven't you been returning my calls i said well they say that you're a psychopath and he said i'm not a psychopath
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does anybody know when the stethoscope was invented any guesses and what i can say is in doctors aren't going to be walking around with stethoscopes there's a whole lot better technology coming and that's part of the change in medicine what has changed our society has been wireless devices
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so a lot of people have heard about the bush kerry controversy the media has covered this somewhat extensively it started out with an article in red herring the reporters called me up and they i mean i have to say they spelled my name right but they really wanted to say the bush kerry election is so contentious it's tearing apart the community and so they quote me as saying they're the most contentious in the history of what i actually said is they're not contentious at all so it's a slight misquote
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and it is true that we did have to lock the articles on a couple of occasions time magazine recently reported that extreme action sometimes has to be taken and wales locked the entries on kerry and bush for most of this came after i told the reporter that we had to lock it for occasionally a little bit here and there so the truth in general is that the kinds of controversies that you would probably think we have within the community are not really controversies at all articles on controversial topics are edited a lot but they don't cause much controversy within the community and the reason for this is that most people understand the need for neutrality the real struggle is not between the right and the left that's where most people assume but it's between the party of the thoughtful and the party of the jerks and no side of the political spectrum has a monopoly on either of those qualities the actual truth about the specific bush kerry incident is that the bush kerry articles were locked less than one percent of the time in and it wasn't because they were contentious it was just because there was vandalism which happens sometimes even on stage
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yeah so a lot of teachers are beginning to use there's a media storyline about which i think is false it builds on the storyline of versus newspapers and the storyline is there's this crazy thing but academics hate it and teachers hate it and that turns out to not be true the last time i got an email from a journalist saying why do academics hate i sent it from my harvard email address because i was recently appointed a fellow there and i said well they don't all hate it
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on the other hand begins with a very radical idea and that's for all of us to imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge and that's what we're doing so you just saw the little demonstration of it it's a freely licensed encyclopedia it's written by thousands of volunteers all over the world in many many languages
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and our goal the core aim of the foundation is to get a free encyclopedia to every single person on the planet and so if you think about what that means it means a lot more than just building a cool website we're really interested in all the issues of the digital divide poverty worldwide empowering people everywhere to have the information that they need to make good decisions and so we're going to have to do a lot of work that goes beyond just the internet and so that's a big part of why we've chosen the free licensing model because that empowers local entrepreneurs or anyone who wants to they can take our content and do anything they like with it you can copy it redistribute it and you can do it commercially or non commercially so there's a lot of opportunities that are going to arise around all over the world we're funded by donations from the public and one of the more interesting things about that is how little money it actually takes to run so showed you the graph of what the cost of a printing press was and i'm going to tell you what the cost of is
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14,463
so showed you the graph of what the cost of a printing press was and i'm going to tell you what the cost of is but first i'll show you how big it is so we've got over articles in english we've got two million total articles across many many different languages the biggest languages are german japanese french all the western european languages are quite big but only around one third of all of our traffic to our web clusters to the english which is surprising to a lot of people a lot of people think in a very english way on the internet but for us we're truly global we're in many many languages
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14,464
how popular we've gotten to be we're a website and we're more popular than the new york times so this is where we get to discussion this shows the growth of we're the blue line there and this is the new york times over there and what's interesting about this is the new york times website is a huge enormous corporate operation with i have no idea how many hundreds of employees we have exactly one employee and that employee is our lead software developer and he's only been our employee since january all the other growth before that so the servers are managed by a ragtag band of volunteers
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14,467
because i see a neglected question what would actually happen i became obsessed with this question i spent four years trying to analyze it using standard academic tools to guess what would happen and i'm here to tell you what i found but be warned i'm not offering inspiration i'm offering analysis i see my job as telling you what's most likely to happen if we did the least to avoid it if you aren't at least a bit disturbed by something i tell you here you're just not paying attention
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14,469
speaking of humans you were wanting to hear about that humans must retire at once for good they just can't compete now humans start out owning all of the capital in this world the economy grows very fast their wealth grows very fast humans get rich collectively as you may know most humans today don't actually own that much besides their ability to work so between now and then they need to acquire sufficient assets insurance or sharing arrangements or they may starve i highly recommend avoiding this outcome
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we'll talk more about those short term versions in a moment but they are much more efficient because they don't have to rest for the next day this em is more opportunistic they make more copies of themselves when there's more demand for that they don't know which way the future's going this is an em designer who of a large system and then breaks into copies who elaborate that so can implement larger more coherent designs this an emulation plumber who remembers that every day for the last years they only ever worked two hours a day a life of leisure but what really happened is every day they had a thousand copies each of whom did a two hour plumbing job and only one of them went on to the next day objectively they're working well over percent of the time they remember a life of leisure
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while this is what you would look like in virtual reality this is what an em would look like in virtual reality it's computer hardware sitting in a server rack somewhere but still it could see and experience the same thing but some things are different for first while you'll probably always notice that virtual reality isn't entirely real to an em it can feel as real to them as this room feels to you now or as anything ever feels and also have some more action possibilities for example your mind just always runs at the same speed but an em can add more or less computer hardware to run faster or slower and therefore if the world around them seems to be going too fast they can just speed up their mind and the world around them would seem to slow down in addition an em can make a copy of itself at that moment this copy would remember everything the same and if it starts out with the same speed looking at the same speed it might even need to be told you are the copy
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14,477
addition an em can make a copy of itself at that moment this copy would remember everything the same and if it starts out with the same speed looking at the same speed it might even need to be told you are the copy and em could make archive copies and with enough archives an em can be immortal in principle though not usually in practice and an em can move its brain the computer that represents its brain from one physical location to another can actually move around the world at the speed of light and by moving to a new location they can interact more quickly with near that new location so far i've been talking about what can do what do choose to do to understand that we'll need to understand three key facts first by definition do what the human they emulate would do in the same situation
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14,478
so that means this is what usually see beautiful and luxurious but desks they're working most of the time now a subsistence wage scenario you might think is exotic and strange but it's actually the usual case in human history and it's how pretty much all wild animals have ever lived so we know what humans do in this situation humans basically do what it takes to survive and this is what lets me say so much about the em world when creatures are rich like you you have to know a lot about what they want to figure out what they do
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14,480
you may have noticed that my last name is nutt and if you did you are forgiven for wondering how a nutt managed to end up in a war zone i actually was offered right out of medical school and accepted a volunteer contract to work with unicef in war torn somalia that was worth one dollar and you see i had to be paid this dollar in the event that the un needed to issue an evacuation order so that i would be covered i was after all heading into one of the world's most dangerous places and by now some of you may be asking yourselves and i just want to reassure you that i did get half the money up front
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and then what if we go beyond small arms for a second what if we look at all weapons in circulation in the world who does the biggest business well roughly percent of those weapons come from none other than the five permanent members of the united nations security council plus germany it's shocking isn't it now some of you might be saying at this moment in time oh yeah but ok hang on a second there
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14,484
i was part of a team that was tasked with trying to figure out how best to respond to this humanitarian catastrophe it was right on the heels of the rwandan genocide and aid money to the region was drying up many aid organizations unfortunately had been forced to close their doors and so the question that i was asked to specifically help answer which is one that aid workers ask themselves in war zones the world over is what the hell do we do now you know the security environment in somalia at that moment in time and nothing has really changed too much can best be described as mad max by way of a clockwork orange and i remember very distinctly a couple of days after my arrival i went up to a feeding clinic there were dozens of women who were standing in line and they were clutching their infants very close about minutes into this conversation i was having with this one young woman i leaned forward and tried to put my finger in the palm of her baby's hand and when i did this i discovered that her baby was already in rigor she was stiff and her little lifeless hand was curled into itself
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14,485
about minutes into this conversation i was having with this one young woman i leaned forward and tried to put my finger in the palm of her baby's hand and when i did this i discovered that her baby was already in rigor she was stiff and her little lifeless hand was curled into itself she had died hours before of malnutrition and dehydration i later learned that as her baby was dying this young woman had been held for two days by some teenage boys who were armed with kalashnikov rifles and they were trying to shake her down for more money money she very clearly did not have and this is a scene that i have confronted in war zones the world over places where kids some as young as eight they are this big and those kids they have never been to school but they have fought and they have killed with automatic rifles is this just the way the world is some will you tell you that war is unavoidably human after all it is as old as existence itself
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14,502
and i would want to do that like that that would be the plan i would have it all ready to go but then actually the paper would come along and then i would kind of do this
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then came my senior thesis a paper you're supposed to spend a year on and i knew for a paper like that my normal work flow was not an option it was way too big a project so i planned things out and i decided i kind of had to go something like this this is how the year would go so i'd start off light and i'd bump it up in the middle months and then at the end i would kick it up into high gear just like a little staircase how hard could it be to walk up the stairs no big deal right but then the funniest thing happened those first few months they came and went and i couldn't quite do stuff so we had an awesome new revised plan
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and that would happen every single paper but then came my senior thesis a paper you're supposed to spend a year on and i knew for a paper like that my normal work flow was not an option it was way too big a project so i planned things out and i decided i kind of had to go something like this this is how the year would go
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14,505
and to the monkey humans are just another animal species you have to keep well slept well fed and propagating into the next generation which in tribal times might have worked ok but if you haven't noticed now we're not in tribal times we're in an advanced civilization and the monkey does not know what that is which is why we have another guy in our brain the rational decision maker who gives us the ability to do things no other animal can do we can visualize the future
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14,507
that there's two kinds of procrastination everything i've talked about today the examples i've given they all have deadlines and when there's deadlines the effects of procrastination are contained to the short term because the panic monster gets involved but there's a second kind of procrastination that happens in situations when there is no deadline so if you wanted a career where you're a self starter something in the arts something entrepreneurial there's no deadlines on those things at first because nothing's happening not until you've gone out and done the hard work to get momentum get things going there's also all kinds of important things outside of your career that don't involve any deadlines like seeing your family or exercising and taking care of your health working on your relationship or getting out of a relationship that isn't working now if the only mechanism of doing these hard things is the panic monster that's a problem because in all of these non deadline situations the panic monster doesn't show up he has nothing to wake up for so the effects of procrastination they're not contained they just extend outward forever
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14,519
this is the wave going from left to right you can see this one yes and now it goes from left to right this is a new generation a new family which is able to store the wind so the wings pump up air in lemonade bottles which are on top of that and they can use that energy in case the wind falls away and the tide is coming up and there is still a little bit of energy to reach the dunes and save their lives because they are drowned very easily
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and it always knows where it is on the beach so it's very simple brain it says well there's the sea there are dunes and i'm here so it's a sort of imagination of the simple world of the beach animal thank you one of the biggest enemies are the storms this is a part of the nose of the when the nose of the animal is fixed the whole animal is fixed so when the storm is coming up it drives a pin into the ground
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14,521
i would like to tell you about a project which i started about years ago it's about making new forms of life and these are made of this kind of tube electricity tube we call it in holland and we can start a film about that and we can see a little bit backwards in time narrator eventually these beasts are going to live in herds on the beaches theo jansen is working hard on this evolution
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14,522
so the proportion of the tubes in this animal is very important for the walking there are numbers which i call the holy numbers these are the distances of the tubes which make it walk that way in fact it's a new invention of the wheel it works the same as a wheel
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14,523
these are the distances of the tubes which make it walk that way in fact it's a new invention of the wheel it works the same as a wheel the axis of a wheel stays on the same level and this hip is staying on the same level as well in fact this is better than a wheel because when you try to drive your bicycle on the beach you will notice it's very hard to do and the feet just step over the sand and the wheel has to touch every piece of the ground in between so years after the invention of the wheel we have a new wheel i will show you in the next video can you start it please that very heavy loads can be moved there's a guy pushing there behind but it can also walk on the wind very well
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14,524
i would like for my body to be laid out to be eaten by animals having your body laid out to be eaten by animals is not for everyone
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14,526
one option for the future of cremation but what about the future of cemeteries there are a lot of people who think we shouldn't even have cemeteries anymore because we're running out of land but what if we it and the corpse wasn't the land's enemy but its potential savior i'm talking about conservation burial where large of land are purchased by a land trust the beauty of this is that once you plant a few dead bodies in that land it can't be touched it can't be developed on hence the term conservation burial it's the equivalent of chaining yourself to a tree post mortem hell no i won't go no really i can't i'm decomposing under here
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14,527
am i not an animal biologically speaking are we not all in this room animals accepting the fact that we are animals has some potentially terrifying consequences it means accepting that we are doomed to decay and die just like any other creature on earth for the last nine years i've worked in the funeral industry first as a operator then as a mortician and most recently as the owner of my own funeral home and i have some good news if you're looking to avoid the whole doomed to decay and die thing you will have all the help in the world in that avoidance from the funeral industry
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14,528
a multi industry and its economic model is based on the principle of protection sanitation and of the corpse whether they mean to or not the funeral industry promotes this idea of human it doesn't matter what it takes how much it costs how bad it is for the environment we're going to do it because humans are worth it it ignores the fact that death can be an emotionally messy and complex affair and that there is beauty in decay beauty in the natural return to the earth from whence we came now i don't want you to get me wrong i absolutely understand the importance of ritual especially when it comes to the people that we love but we have to be able to create and practice this ritual without harming the environment which is why we need new options so let's return to the idea of protection sanitation and
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14,530
my arm leaning lightly against me her wavering step into the world her whispering thanks love lightly lightly against me i think i'll lighten up a little
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14,538
i have like a thing about sleeping i don't sleep that much and i've come to this thing about like not sleeping much as being a great virtue after years of kind of battling it as being a terrible detriment or something and now i really like sort of sitting up you know but for years i've been sitting up and i think that like my creativity is greatly motivated by this kind of insomnia i lie awake i think thoughts i walk aimlessly sometimes i used to walk more at night i walk during the day and i follow people who i think look interesting
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it's rarely color that i find in nature although you know juxtaposed next to artificial color natural color is so beautiful so that's what i do i study color a lot but for the most part i think like how can i ever make anything that is as beautiful as that image of natalie wood how can i ever make anything as beautiful as greta garbo i mean that's just not possible you know and so that's what makes me lie awake at night i guess you know i want to show you i'm also like a big i go to astrologers and tarot card readers often and that's another thing that motivates me a lot people say oh do that an astrologer tells me to do something so i do it
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14,541
when i was about an astrologer told me that i was going to meet the man of my dreams and that his name was going to be eric right so you know for years i would go to bars and sort of anyone i met whose name was eric i was immediately or something and there were times when i was actually so desperate i would just you know walk into a room and just go like eric and anybody who would turn around i would sort of make a for
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i was dating this guy right and this has to do with being happy i swear i was dating this guy and it was going on for about a year right and we were getting serious so we decided to invite them all to dinner our parents and we you know sort of introduced them to each other my mother was sort of very sensitive to his mother who it seemed was a little bit skeptical about the whole alternative lifestyle thing you know homosexuality right so my mother was a little offended she turned to her and she said are you kidding they have the greatest life together they eat out they see shows they eat out they see shows
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there i got interested in design i went to parsons school of design and then i began my career as a designer i don't really think of myself as a designer i don't really think of myself necessarily as a fashion designer and frankly i don't really know what to call myself i think of myself as a i don't know what i think of myself as it's just that
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you always have to be slightly bored with everything and if you're not you have to pretend to be slightly bored with everything
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as a matter of fact i think a lot of my design ideas come from mistakes and tricks of the eye because i feel like you know there are so many images out there so many clothes out there
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14,546
as a matter of fact i think a lot of my design ideas come from mistakes and tricks of the eye because i feel like you know there are so many images out there so many clothes out there and the only ones that look interesting to me are the ones that look slightly mistaken of course or very very surprising and often i'm driving in a taxi and i see a hole in a shirt or something that looks very interesting or pretty or functional in some way that i'd never seen happen before and so i'd make the car stop and i'd get out of the car and walk and see that in fact there wasn't a hole but it was a trick of my eye it was a shadow you know or if there was a hole i'd think like oh damn there was actually someone thought of that thought already someone made that mistake already so i can't do it anymore i don't know where inspiration comes from it does not come for me from research
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the color of movies and the way light makes the colors light from behind the projection or light from the projection makes the colors look so impossible and anyway roll this little clip i'll just show you
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14,549
the color of movies and the way light makes the colors light from behind the projection or light from the projection makes the colors look so impossible and anyway roll this little clip i'll just show you i sit up at night and i watch movies and i watch women in movies a lot and i think about you know their roles and about how you have to like watch what your daughters look at because i look at the way women are portrayed all the time whether they're kind of glorified in this way or whether they're kind of you know ironically glorified or whether they're you know sort of denigrated or ironically denigrated i go back to color all the time color is something that motivates me a lot it's rarely color that i find in nature although you know juxtaposed next to artificial color natural color is so beautiful
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very embarrassing thank you we can do anything you ask
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and we were getting serious so we decided to invite them all to dinner our parents and we you know sort of introduced them to each other
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14,553
let's try and do the spock salute i don't think i'll succeed see i can't be spock thank goodness i can't be spock
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amongst them was one pithy counsel i will never forget he told us be easy to manage considering how nave i really was at the time i took his advice to heart i told myself yes i will be the ultimate team player
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this cloud is an inherent part of research an inherent part of our craft because the cloud stands guard at the boundary it stands guard at the boundary between the known and the unknown because in order to discover something truly new at least one of your basic assumptions has to change and that means that in science we do something quite heroic every day we try to bring ourselves to the boundary between the known and the unknown and face the cloud now notice that i put b in the land of the known because we knew about it in the beginning but c is always more interesting and more important than b so b is essential in order to get going but c is much more profound and that's the amazing thing about now just knowing that word the cloud has been transformational in my research group because students come to me and say uri i'm in the cloud and i say great you must be feeling miserable
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i couldn't get out of bed in the morning i felt unworthy of stepping across the gates of the university because i wasn't like einstein or newton or any other scientist whose results i had learned about because in science we just learn about the results not the process and so obviously i couldn't be a scientist but i had enough support and i made it through and discovered something new about nature this is an amazing feeling of calmness being the only person in the world who knows a new law of nature and i started the second project in my ph d and it happened again i got stuck and i made it through and i started thinking maybe there's a pattern here
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14,560
at this moment i knew the girls needed a way to connect with their fathers at camp diva my non profit organization we have these types of conversations all the time as a way to help girls of african descent prepare for their passage into womanhood these girls just needed a way to invite their fathers into their lives on their own terms so i asked the girls how can we help other girls develop healthy relationships with their fathers let's have a dance one girl shouted and all the girls quickly backed her up they started dreaming about the decorations invitations the dresses they were going to wear and what their fathers could and could not wear
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the wisdom lives inside of them as long as they have infrastructure and resources they can build what they need not only to survive but to thrive so we had a dance and girls and their fathers came in multitudes they were dressed to the nines they acted sweet
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so inmates and girls were invited the girls were dressed in their sunday best and the fathers traded in their yellow and blue for shirts and ties they hugged they shared a full catered meal of chicken and fish they laughed together it was beautiful the fathers and daughters even experienced an opportunity to have a physical connection something that a lot of them didn't even have for a while fathers were in a space where they were able to make their daughters play and pull out her chair and extend his hand for a dance
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if you look at the square that you build with the and some counters growing off it the pattern that it has is exactly the pattern that you need to make a memory so if you affix some wires and switches to those tiles rather than to the staple strands you affix them to the tiles then they'll self assemble the somewhat complicated circuits the circuits that you need to address this memory so you can actually make a complicated circuit using a little bit of computation it's a molecular computer building an electronic computer now you ask me how far have we gotten down this path experimentally this is what we've done in the last year here is a rectangle and here are some tiles growing from it and you can see how they count one two three four five six nine so it's got some errors but at least it counts up
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now a hallmark of computer programs is just this kind of sensitivity to small changes if your bank account's one dollar and you flip a single bit you could end up with a thousand dollars so these small changes are things that i think that they indicate to us that a complicated computation in development is underlying these amplified large changes so now all of this indicates that there are molecular programs underlying biology and it shows the power of molecular programs biology does and what i want to do is write molecular programs potentially to build technology and there are a lot of people doing this a lot of synthetic biologists doing this like craig venter and they concentrate on using cells they're cell oriented
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and so we decided to take this case to the supreme court now this is extremely significant because this is the first time that a victim of domestic violence in afghanistan was being represented by a lawyer a law that's been on the books for years and years but until had never been used in addition to this we also decided to sue for civil damages again using a law that's never been used but we used it for her case so there we were at the supreme court arguing in front of afghan justices me as an american female lawyer and a young woman who when i met her couldn't speak above a whisper she stood up she found her voice and my girl told them that she wanted justice and she got it at the end of it all the court unanimously agreed that her in laws should be arrested for what they did to her her fucking brother should also be arrested for selling her and they agreed that she did have a right to civil compensation what has shown us is that we can attack existing bad practices by using the laws in the ways that they're intended to be used and by protecting we are protecting ourselves after having worked in afghanistan for over six years now a lot of my family and friends think that what i do looks like this
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in desperation her father went to a neighbor to borrow dollars after several months of waiting the neighbor became very impatient and he demanded that he be paid back unfortunately father didn't have the money and so the two men agreed to a jirga so simply put a jirga is a form of mediation that's used in afghanistan's informal justice system it's usually presided over by religious leaders and village elders and are often used in rural countries like afghanistan where there's deep seated resentment against the formal system at the jirga the men sat together and they decided that the best way to satisfy the debt would be if married the neighbor's old son she was six now stories like unfortunately are all too common and from the comforts of our home we may look at these stories as another crushing blow to women's rights and if you watched afghanistan on the news you may have this view that it's a failed state
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well when i started working with my own work i decided that i shouldn't do images you know i became i took this very iconoclastic approach because when i decided to go into advertising i wanted to do i wanted to naked people on ice for whiskey commercials that's what i really wanted to do
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i was asked to come here and speak about creation and i only have minutes and i see they're counting already and i can in minutes i think i can touch only a very rather janitorial branch of creation which i call creativity creativity is how we cope with creation while creation sometimes seems a bit un or even pointless creativity is always meaningful see for instance in this picture
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i wanted to take that into the realm of images and i decided to make things that had the same identity conflicts so i decided to do work with clouds because clouds can mean anything you want but now i wanted to work in a very low tech way so something that would mean at the same time a lump of cotton a cloud and praying hands although this looks a lot more like mickey praying hands but i was still you know this is a kitty cloud they're called equivalents after alfred work the snail but i was still working with sculpture and i was really trying to go flatter and flatter the teapot
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it was like your romantic vision of europe margarine didn't exist in fact when margarine was invented several states passed laws declaring that it had to be dyed pink so we'd all know that it was a fake there was no snack food and until the until clarence came along there was no frozen food there were no restaurant chains there were neighborhood restaurants run by local people but none of them would think to open another one eating ethnic was unheard of unless you were ethnic and fancy food was entirely french as an aside those of you who remember dan aykroyd in the doing julia child imitations can see where he got the idea of stabbing himself from this fabulous slide
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and this took care of the situation resoundingly home cooking remained the norm but its quality was down the tubes there were fewer meals with home cooked breads desserts and soups because all of them could be bought at any store not that they were any good but they were there most moms cooked like mine a piece of broiled meat a quickly made salad with bottled dressing canned soup canned fruit salad maybe baked or mashed potatoes or perhaps the stupidest food ever minute rice for dessert store bought ice cream or cookies my mom is not here so i can say this now this kind of cooking drove me to learn how to cook for myself
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now that is only a little bit hyperbolic and why do i say it because only once before has the fate of individual people and the fate of all of humanity been so intertwined there was the bomb and there's now and where we go from here is going to determine not only the quality and the length of our individual lives but whether if we could see the earth a century from now we'd recognize it it's a holocaust of a different kind and hiding under our desks isn't going to help
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and where we go from here is going to determine not only the quality and the length of our individual lives but whether if we could see the earth a century from now we'd recognize it it's a holocaust of a different kind and hiding under our desks isn't going to help start with the notion that global warming is not only real but dangerous since every scientist in the world now believes this and even president bush has seen the light or pretends to we can take this is a given then hear this please after energy production livestock is the second highest contributor to atmosphere altering gases nearly one fifth of all greenhouse gas is generated by livestock production more than transportation now you can make all the jokes you want about cow but methane is times more poisonous than and it's not just methane livestock is also one of the biggest culprits in land degradation air and water pollution water shortages and loss of biodiversity
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there's no question none that so called lifestyle diseases diabetes heart disease stroke some cancers are diseases that are far more prevalent here than anywhere in the rest of the world and that's the direct result of eating a western diet our demand for meat dairy and refined carbohydrates the world consumes one billion cans or bottles of coke a day our demand for these things not our need our want drives us to consume way more calories than are good for us and those calories are in foods that cause not prevent disease now global warming was unforeseen we didn't know that pollution did more than cause bad visibility maybe a few lung diseases here and there but you know that's not such a big deal the current health crisis however is a little more the work of the evil empire we were told we were assured that the more meat and dairy and poultry we ate the healthier we'd be
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the evidence is very clear that plants promote health this evidence is overwhelming at this point you eat more plants you eat less other stuff you live longer not bad but back to animals and junk food what do they have in common one we don't need either of them for health we don't need animal products and we certainly don't need white bread or coke two both have been marketed heavily creating unnatural demand we're not born craving whoppers or skittles
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incredible isn't it yet they do that and they do this here it's the same deal the sad thing is when it comes to diet is that even when well intentioned feds try to do right by us they fail either they're outvoted by puppets of agribusiness or they are puppets of agribusiness so when the finally acknowledged that it was plants rather than animals that made people healthy they encouraged us via their overly simplistic food pyramid to eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day along with more what they didn't tell us is that some are better than others and that plants and whole grains should be supplanting eating junk food but industry lobbyists would never let that happen and guess what half the people who developed the food pyramid have ties to agribusiness
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and the settlement narrative that led to their creation or you might think about the bold vision of an urban designer but there's other ways to think about mapping cities and how they got to be made today i want to show you a new kind of map this is not a geographic map this is a map of the relationships between people in my hometown of baltimore maryland and what you can see here is that each dot represents a person each line represents a relationship between those people and each color represents a community within the network now i'm here on the green side down on the far right where the geeks are and also is down on the far right
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we have the baltimore orioles the baltimore ravens football team michael phelps the olympian under armour you may have heard of is a baltimore company and that community of sports acts as the only bridge between these two ends of the network let's take a look at san francisco
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but this time it wasn't fine after the fever broke for three weeks i was so dizzy i couldn't leave my house i would walk straight into door frames i had to hug the walls just to make it to the bathroom that spring i got infection after infection and every time i went to the doctor he said there was absolutely nothing wrong he had his laboratory tests which always came back normal all i had were my symptoms which i could describe but no one else can see i know it sounds silly but you have to find a way to explain things like this to yourself and so i thought maybe i was just aging maybe this is what it's like to be on the other side of
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hi thank you jennifer brea is sound sensitive the live audience was asked to applaud style in silence so five years ago this was me i was a student at harvard and i loved to travel
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and there would be an awkward silence at the table i'd clench my jaw a little tighter hold my coffee pot with a little more vengeance the dad would awkwardly shuffle his newspaper and the mom would shoot a chilling stare at her kid but i would say nothing and i would seethe inside and it got to the point where every time i walked up to a table that had a kid anywhere between three and years old i was ready to fight
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so i promised myself the next time i would say something i would have that hard conversation so within a matter of weeks it happens again are you a boy or are you a girl familiar silence but this time i'm ready and i am about to go all women's studies on this table
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so imagine yourself years ago me i had a ponytail a dress and high heeled shoes i was not the militant lesbian ready to fight any four that walked into the cafe i was frozen by fear curled up in the corner of my pitch black closet clutching my gay grenade and moving one muscle is the scariest thing i have ever done my family my friends complete strangers i had spent my entire life trying to not disappoint these people and now i was turning the world upside down on purpose i was burning the pages of the script we had all followed for so long but if you do not throw that grenade it will kill you one of my most memorable grenade tosses was at my sister's wedding
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tv show our favorite tv show favorite will grace and you know who we love jack jack is our favorite and then one woman stumped but wanting so desperately to show her support to let me know she was on my side she finally blurted out well sometimes my husband wears pink shirts
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be direct just say it rip the band aid off if you know you are gay just say it if you tell your parents you might be gay they will hold out hope that this will change do not give them that sense of false hope
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i'm going to talk to you tonight about coming out of the closet and not in the traditional sense not just the gay closet i think we all have closets your closet may be telling someone you love her for the first time or telling someone that you're pregnant or telling someone you have cancer or any of the other hard conversations we have throughout our lives all a closet is is a hard conversation and although our topics may vary tremendously the experience of being in and coming out of the closet is universal it is scary and we hate it and it needs to be done several years ago i was working at the south side walnut cafe a local diner in town and during my time there i would go through phases of militant lesbian intensity not shaving my armpits quoting difranco lyrics as gospel
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you're a girl how about that pancake it was the easiest hard conversation i have ever had and why because pancake girl and i we were both real with each other
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as i started this work it was not always easy to convince the women to participate only after explaining to them how their stories might influence other women's lives how they would become role models for their own community did some agree seeking a collaborative and reflexive approach i asked them to write their own words and ideas on prints of their own images those images were then shared in some of the classrooms and worked to inspire and motivate other women going through similar educations and situations a teacher from yemen wrote i sought education in order to be independent and to not count on men with everything one of my first subjects was umm el saad from egypt when we first met she was barely able to write her name she was attending a nine month literacy program run by a local ngo in the cairo suburbs months later she was joking that her husband had threatened to pull her out of the classes as he found out that his now literate wife was going through his phone text messages
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as an arab female photographer i have always found ample inspiration for my projects in personal experiences the passion i developed for knowledge which allowed me to break barriers towards a better life was the motivation for my project i read i write pushed by my own experience as i was not allowed initially to pursue my higher education i decided to explore and document stories of other women who changed their lives through education while exposing and questioning the barriers they face i covered a range of topics that concern women's education keeping in mind the differences among arab countries due to economic and social factors these issues include female illiteracy which is quite high in the region educational reforms programs for dropout students and political activism among university students as i started this work it was not always easy to convince the women to participate
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one in four people suffer from some sort of mental illness so if it was one two three four it's you sir you yeah
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so you start to hear these abusive voices but you don't hear one abusive voice you hear about a thousand abusive voices like if the devil had tourette's that's what it would sound like but we all know in here you know there is no devil there are no voices in your head you know that when you have those abusive voices all those little neurons get together and in that little gap you get a real toxic i want to kill myself kind of chemical and if you have that over and over again on a loop tape you might have yourself depression oh and that's not even the tip of the iceberg
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reality already today allows you to take your office environment everywhere with you all you need is a wearable computer a pair of smart glasses and you can take your emails and your spreadsheets with you wherever you go and video conferences and video calls have become very common these days but they still need improvement i mean all those little faces on a flat screen sometimes you don't even know who is talking now we already have something way better than static your average robot i call it tablet on a stick
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a vehicle carrying a squadron of drones the driver does some of the deliveries while the drones are flying back and forth from the truck as it moves that way the average cost for delivery is reduced and voila affordable e commerce services in the countryside you will see the new homes of our will probably have a drone pod in the yard so once the final mile delivery is not a problem you don't need to be in the city to buy things anymore so that's two now what was the third reason why people move to cities a rich social life they would need to be in the city for that these days because people these days they make friends they chat gossip and flirt from the comfort of their sofa
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ironically the city with its population density is not always the best for that actually as social groups become smaller they grow stronger a recent study made in the by the office for national statistics showed a higher life satisfaction rating among people living in rural areas so as people settle in the countryside well they will buy local groceries fresh groceries foodstuff maintenance services so handymen small workshops service companies will thrive maybe some of the industrial workers from the cities displaced by the automation will find a nice alternative job here and they will move too and as people move to the countryside how is that going to be think about autonomous off houses with solar panels with wind turbines and waste recycling utilities our new homes producing their own energy and using it to also power the family car i mean cities have always been regarded as being more energy efficient but let me tell you the countryside can be eco too by now you're probably thinking of all the advantages of country living
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i did it myself six years ago my wife and i we packed our stuff we sold our little apartment in spain and for the same money we bought a house with a garden and little birds that come singing in the morning
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it's so nice there and we live in a small village not really the countryside yet that is going to be my next move a refurbished farmhouse not too far from a city not too close and now we'll make sure to have a good spot for drones to land
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but hey that's me it doesn't have to be you because it would seem like i'm trying to convince somebody to come join us in the country i'm not
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when we get to the industrial revolution actually that is what started the urbanization process and you know what triggered it steam power machines new chemical processes in two words technological innovation and i believe technology can also bring the end of this cycle i've been working on innovation for most of my career i love it i love my job it allows me to work with drones with printers and smart glasses and not just those you can buy in the shop but also prototypes it's a lot of fun sometimes
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it allows me to work with drones with printers and smart glasses and not just those you can buy in the shop but also prototypes it's a lot of fun sometimes now some of these technologies are opening new possibilities that will radically change the way we did things before and in a few years they may allow us to enjoy the benefits of city life from anywhere think about it if you could live in a place with a lower crime rate and more space and a lower cost of living and less traffic of course many people would want that but they feel they don't have a choice you have to live in the city well in the past people moved to the cities not because they loved the city itself but for the things you could have in a city more job opportunities easier access to services and goods and a rich social life so let's dive deeper more jobs and career opportunities
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more jobs and career opportunities is that still true today because the office people are starting to realize that working in the office and being in the office may not be the same thing anymore according to a study by global workplace analytics more than percent of the us workforce would like to work from home and do you know how much it costs for a company to even have an office dollars per employee per year if only half of those workers would even percent of the time the savings in the states would exceed billion dollars and it could reduce greenhouse gases by million tons that is the equivalent of million cars off the streets for a whole year but even though most people would want to current technology makes the experience isolating
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you can control you can move around you can control what you're looking at it's way better but far from perfect you know how they say that most human communication is nonverbal well the robot doesn't give you any of that it looks like an alien but with advances in augmented reality it will be easy to wrap the robot in a nice hologram that actually looks and moves like a person
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you know how they say that most human communication is nonverbal well the robot doesn't give you any of that it looks like an alien but with advances in augmented reality it will be easy to wrap the robot in a nice hologram that actually looks and moves like a person that will do it or else forget the robot we go full and everybody meets in cyberspace give it a couple of years and that will feel so real you won't tell the difference so what was the next reason why people move to cities access to services and goods but today you can do all that online
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but today you can do all that online according to a study made by online shoppers in the us last year did more than half of their retail purchases online and the global market for e commerce is estimated to be at two trillion dollars and it's expected to reach by the end of according to now from a logistics standpoint density is good for deliveries supplying goods to a shopping mall is easy you can send big shipments to the shop and people will go there pick it up and take it home themselves e commerce means we need to ship and have them home delivered that's more expensive
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thank you very much we're so excited to be here it's such an honor like he said we're three brothers from new jersey you know the bluegrass capital of the world
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i'm also going to explain a lot of people want to know where we got the name sleepy man banjo boys from so it started when was little and he first started the banjo he would play on his back with his eyes closed and we'd say it looked like he was sleeping so you can probably piece the rest together we can't really figure out the reason
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and is simply just cutting a hole in the skull and many many hundreds of skulls like this have been found in archaeological sites all over the world dating back five to thousand years five to thousand years now imagine this you are a healer in a stone age village and you have some guy that you're not quite sure what's wrong with him oliver sacks is going to be born way in the future he's got some seizure disorder and you don't understand this but you think to yourself i'm not quite sure what's wrong with this guy but maybe if i cut a hole in his head i can fix it
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was a pretty big problem with this after these very long painstaking operations attempting to cure things they'd never been able to touch before the patients died they died of massive infection surgery didn't hurt anymore but it killed you pretty quickly and infection would continue to claim a majority of surgical patients until the next big revolution in surgery which was technique joseph lister was or biggest advocate to a very very skeptical bunch of surgeons but eventually they did come around the mayo brothers came out to visit lister in europe and they came back to their american clinic and they said they had learned it was as important to wash your hands before doing surgery as it was to wash up afterwards
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a talk about surgical robots is also a talk about surgery and while i've tried to make my images not too graphic keep in mind that surgeons have a different relationship with blood than normal people do because after all what a surgeon does to a patient if it were done without consent would be a felony surgeons are the tailors the plumbers the carpenters some would say the butchers of the medical world cutting reshaping reforming bypassing fixing but you need to talk about surgical instruments and the evolution of surgical technology together so in order to give you some kind of a perspective of where we are right now with surgical robots and where we're going to be going in the future i want to give you a little bit of perspective of how we got to this point how we even came to believe that surgery was ok that this was something that was possible to do that this kind of cutting and reforming was ok so a little bit of perspective about years of perspective
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now we've got the dawn of surgery here what is astonishing about this is even though we don't know really how much of this was intended to be religious or how much of it was intended to be therapeutic what we can tell is that these patients lived judging by the healing on the borders of these holes they lived days months years following and so what we are seeing is evidence of a refined technique that was being handed down over thousands and thousands of years all over the world this arose independently at sites everywhere that had no communication to one another we really are seeing the dawn of surgery
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