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14,656
my name is tom and i've come here today to come clean about what i do for money basically i use my mouth in strange ways in exchange for cash
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14,657
if you guys haven't figured it out already my name's tom thum and i'm a which means all the sounds that you just heard were made entirely using just my voice and the only thing was my voice and i can assure you there are absolutely no effects on this microphone whatsoever and i'm very very stoked you guys are just applauding for everything it's great look at this mom i made it i'm very very stoked to be here today representing my and all those that haven't managed to make a career out of an innate ability for inhuman because it is a bit of a niche market and there's not much work going on especially where i'm from you know i'm from brisbane which is a great city to live in yeah all right most of here that's good
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14,658
india china germany party party yeah
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14,659
india china germany party party yeah and before we reach our final destination ladies and gentlemen i would like to share with you some technology that i brought all the way from the thriving metropolis of brisbane these things in front of me here are called pads and they allow me to do a whole lot of different things with my voice for example the one on the left here allows me to add a little bit of reverb to my sound which gives me that flavor
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and now for my next number i'd like to return to the classics we're going to take it back way back back into time billie jean billie jean is not my lover she's just a girl who claims that i am the one but the kid is not my son all right thank you very much if you guys haven't figured it out already my name's tom thum and i'm a which means all the sounds that you just heard were made entirely using just my voice and the only thing was my voice
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14,661
billie jean billie jean is not my lover she's just a girl who claims that i am the one but the kid is not my son all right thank you very much if you guys haven't figured it out already my name's tom thum and i'm a which means all the sounds that you just heard were made entirely using just my voice and the only thing was my voice and i can assure you there are absolutely no effects on this microphone whatsoever and i'm very very stoked you guys are just applauding for everything it's great look at this mom i made it i'm very very stoked to be here today representing my and all those that haven't managed to make a career out of an innate ability for inhuman because it is a bit of a niche market and there's not much work going on especially where i'm from
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14,662
so with all that in mind ladies and gentlemen i would like to take you on a journey to a completely separate part of earth as i transform the sydney opera house into a smoky downtown jazz bar all right boys take it away
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14,663
ladies and gentlemen i'd like to introduce you to a very special friend of mine one of the greatest double bassists i know mr smokey jefferson let's take it for a walk come on baby all right ladies and gentlemen i'd like to introduce you to the star of the show one of the greatest jazz legends of our time music lovers and jazz lovers alike please give a warm hand of applause for the one and only mr peeping tom take it away thank you
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14,664
in two weeks time that's the ninth anniversary of the day i first stepped out onto that hallowed jeopardy set i mean nine years is a long time and given average demographics i think what that means is most of the people who saw me on that show are now dead
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14,665
occasionally i still get recognized at the mall or whatever and when i do it's as a bit of a know i think that ship has sailed it's too late for me for better or for worse that's what i'm going to be known as as the guy who knew a lot of weird stuff and i can't complain about this i feel like that was always sort of my destiny although i had for many years been pretty deeply in the trivia closet if nothing else you realize very quickly as a teenager it is not a hit with girls to know captain kirk's middle name
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14,666
but if you go further back if you look at it it's all there i was the kind of kid who was always bugging mom and dad with whatever great fact i had just read about haley's comet or giant or the size of the world's biggest pumpkin pie or whatever it was i now have a old of my own who's exactly the same and i know how deeply annoying it is so karma does work
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14,667
and it made it doubly ironic my computer background a few years later i think or so when i got another phone call from jeopardy saying it's early days yet but tells us they want to build a supercomputer to beat you at are you up for this this was the first i'd heard of it and of course i said yes for several reasons one because playing jeopardy is a great time it's fun it's the most fun you can have with your pants on
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14,668
reason i said yes is because i was pretty confident that i was going to win i had taken some artificial intelligence classes i knew there were no computers that could do what you need to do to win on jeopardy people don't realize how tough it is to write that kind of program that can read a jeopardy clue in a natural language like english and understand all the double meanings the puns the red herrings unpack the meaning of the clue the kind of thing that a or four human little kid could do very hard for a computer and i thought well this is going to be child's play yes i will come destroy the computer and defend my species
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and at first it was very low there was no software that could compete at this kind of arena but then you see the line start to go up and it's getting very close to what they call the winner's cloud and i noticed in the upper right of the scatter chart some darker dots some black dots that were a different color and thought what are these the black dots in the upper right represent champion ken jennings and i saw this line coming for me and i realized this is it this is what it looks like when the future comes for you
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it's like they took the time to get to know you before you even met that's often the advantage of time and it's not effective if you say well hold on you're from fargo north dakota let me see what comes up oh yeah roger maris was from fargo that doesn't work that's just annoying
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and later in the when jeopardy came back on the air i remember running home from school every day to watch the show it was my favorite show even before it paid for my house and we lived overseas we lived in south korea where my dad was working where there was only one english language tv channel
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14,672
it was my favorite show even before it paid for my house and we lived overseas we lived in south korea where my dad was working where there was only one english language tv channel there was armed forces tv and if you didn't speak korean that's what you were watching so me and all my friends would run home every day and watch jeopardy i was always that kind of obsessed trivia kid i remember being able to play trivial pursuit against my parents back in the and holding my own back when that was a fad there's a weird sense of mastery you get when you know some bit of boomer trivia that mom and dad don't know you know some beatles that dad didn't know and you think ah hah knowledge really is power the right fact deployed at exactly the right place
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14,674
i just love jeopardy and i always have and second of all because i'm a nerdy guy and this seemed like the future people playing computers on game shows was the kind of thing i always imagined would happen in the future and now i could be on the stage with it i was not going to say no the third reason i said yes is because i was pretty confident that i was going to win
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14,675
so there's a certain performance level that the computer would need to get to and at first it was very low there was no software that could compete at this kind of arena
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14,676
and when the game eventually happened about a year later it was very different than the jeopardy games i'd been used to we were not playing in l a on the regular jeopardy set watson does not travel watson's actually huge it's thousands of processors a of memory trillions of bytes of memory we got to walk through his climate controlled server room
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14,677
it's thousands of processors a of memory trillions of bytes of memory we got to walk through his climate controlled server room the only other jeopardy contestant to this day i've ever been inside and so watson does not travel you must come to it you must make the pilgrimage so me and the other human player wound up at this secret research lab in the middle of these snowy woods in westchester county to play the computer and we realized right away that the computer had a big home court advantage there was a big watson logo in the middle of the stage like you're going to play the chicago bulls and there's the thing in the middle of their court
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14,678
years ago i was at airport about to get on a flight when i was approached by two women who i do not think would be insulted to hear themselves described as tiny old tough talking italian american the taller one who is like up here she comes marching up to me and she goes honey i gotta ask you something you got something to do with that whole pray thing that's been going on lately and i said yes i did and she smacks her friend and she goes see i told you i said that's that girl that's that girl who wrote that book based on that movie
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i am and believe me i'm extremely grateful to be that person because that whole eat pray love thing was a huge break for me but it also left me in a really tricky position moving forward as an author trying to figure out how in the world i was ever going to write a book again that would ever please anybody because i knew well in advance that all of those people who had adored eat pray love were going to be incredibly disappointed in whatever i wrote next because it wasn't going to be eat pray love and all of those people who had hated eat pray love were going to be incredibly disappointed in whatever i wrote next because it would provide evidence that i still lived so i knew that i had no way to win and knowing that i had no way to win made me seriously consider for a while just quitting the game and moving to the country to raise but if i had done that if i had given up writing i would have lost my beloved vocation so i knew that the task was that i had to find some way to gin up the inspiration to write the next book regardless of its inevitable negative outcome in other words i had to find a way to make sure that my creativity survived its own success
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14,685
this is a this is my national dress this is how all men dress in bhutan that is how our women dress like our women we men get to wear pretty bright colors but unlike our women we get to show off our legs
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before i proceed i should set you the context i should tell you our story bhutan is a small country in the himalayas we've been called shangri la even the last shangri la but let me tell you right off the bat we are not shangri la my country is not one big monastery populated with happy monks
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medical consultation medical treatment medicines they are all provided by the state we manage this because we use our limited resources very carefully and because we stay faithful to the core mission of which is development with values our economy is small and we must strengthen it economic growth is important but that economic growth must not come from undermining our unique culture or our pristine environment today our culture is flourishing we continue to celebrate our art and architecture food and festivals monks and monasteries and yes we celebrate our national dress too this is why i can wear my with pride here's a fun fact you're looking at the world's biggest pocket
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it starts here goes around the back and comes out from inside here in this pocket we store all manner of personal goods from phones and wallets to office files and books
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the reality is that there are barely of us sandwiched between two of the most populated countries on earth china and india the reality is that we are a small underdeveloped country doing our best to survive but we are doing ok we are surviving in fact we are thriving and the reason we are thriving is because we've been blessed with extraordinary kings our enlightened monarchs have worked tirelessly to develop our country balancing economic growth carefully with social development environmental sustainability and cultural preservation all within the framework of good governance we call this holistic approach to development gross national happiness or
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healthcare is also completely free medical consultation medical treatment medicines they are all provided by the state
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14,693
in a world that is threatened with climate change we are a carbon neutral country turns out it's a big deal
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14,694
that is more than what the entire city of new york generates in one year so inside our country we are a net carbon sink
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14,695
so inside our country we are a net carbon sink outside we are offsetting carbon and this is important stuff you see the world is getting warmer and climate change is a reality climate change is affecting my country our glaciers are melting causing flash floods and landslides which in turn are causing disaster and widespread destruction in our country i was at that lake recently it's stunning
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14,696
this is a photograph of a man whom for many years i plotted to kill this is my father clinton george grant he's called because he has permanent bags under his eyes as a old along with my siblings i dreamt of scraping off the poison from fly killer paper into his coffee grounded down glass and sprinkling it over his breakfast loosening the carpet on the stairs so he would trip and break his neck but come the day he would always skip that loose step he would always bow out of the house without so much as a swig of coffee or a bite to eat and so for many years i feared that my father would die before i had a chance to kill him
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you did not just represent yourself you represented the group and it was a terrifying thing to come to terms with in a way that maybe you were going to be perceived in the same light so that was what needed to be challenged our father and many of his colleagues exhibited a kind of transmission but not receiving they were built to transmit but not receive we were to keep quiet when our father did speak to us it was from the pulpit of his mind they clung to certainty in the belief that doubt would undermine them but when i am working in my house and writing after a day's writing i rush downstairs and i'm very excited to talk about marcus garvey or bob marley and words are tripping out of my mouth like butterflies and i'm so excited that my children stop me and they say dad nobody cares
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up until our mother asked him to leave and not come back had been a terrifying ogre he teetered permanently on the verge of rage rather like me as you see he worked nights at vauxhall motors in luton and demanded total silence throughout the house so that when we came home from school at in the afternoon we would huddle beside the tv and rather like safe crackers we would twiddle with the volume control knob on the tv so it was almost inaudible and at times when we were like this so much so much going on in the house that i imagined us to be like the german crew of a u boat creeping along the edge of the ocean whilst up above on the surface patrolled ready to drop death charges at the first sound of any disturbance so that lesson was the lesson that do not draw attention to yourself either in the home or outside of the home maybe it's a migrant lesson
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14,701
so that lesson was the lesson that do not draw attention to yourself either in the home or outside of the home maybe it's a migrant lesson we were to be below the radar so there was no communication really between and us and us and and the sound that we most looked forward to you know when you're a child and you want your father to come home and it's all going to be happy and you're waiting for that sound of the door opening well the sound that we looked forward to was the click of the door closing which meant he'd gone and would not come back so for three decades i never laid eyes on my father nor he on me we never spoke to each other for three decades and then a couple of years ago i decided to turn the spotlight on him you are being watched
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14,702
actually you are you are being watched that was his mantra to us his children time and time again he would say this to us and this was the it was luton where he worked at vauxhall motors and he was a jamaican and what he meant was you as a child of a jamaican immigrant are being watched to see which way you turn to see whether you conform to the host nation's stereotype of you of being feckless work shy destined for a life of crime you are being watched so confound their expectations of you to that end and his friends mostly jamaican exhibited a kind of jamaican bella figura turn your best side to the world show your best face to the world if you have seen some of the images of the caribbean people arriving in the and you might have noticed that a lot of the men wear
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14,703
they cross over somehow they find their way to you they shape their lives according to the narrative of your life as i did with my father and my mother perhaps and maybe did with his father and that was clearer to me in the course of looking at his life and understanding as they say the native americans say do not criticize the man until you can walk in his moccasins but in conjuring his life it was okay and very straightforward to portray a caribbean life in england in the with bowls of plastic fruit polystyrene ceiling tiles permanently sheathed in their transparent covers that they were delivered in
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14,705
now i can think of some possible experiments one would be to take a lot of different strains of this organism some that produce a lot of toxins some that produce a little and take those strains and spew them out in different countries some countries that might have clean water supplies so that you can't get waterborne transmission you expect the organism to evolve to there other countries in which you've got a lot of waterborne transmission there you expect these organisms to evolve towards a high level of harmfulness right there's a little ethical problem in this experiment i was hoping to hear a few gasps at least that makes me worry a little bit
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i want to talk about diarrhea and in particular i want to talk about the design of diarrhea and when evolutionary biologists talk about design they really mean design by natural selection and that brings me to the title of the talk using evolution to design disease organisms intelligently and i also have a little bit of a sort of subtitle to this but i'm not just doing this to be cute
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the english language is a magnificent sponge i love the english language i'm glad that i speak it but for all that it has a lot of holes in greek there's a word which is the hunger for disaster you know when you see a thunderstorm on the horizon and you just find yourself rooting for the storm in mandarin they have a word y y i'm not pronouncing that correctly which means the longing to feel intensely again the way you did when you were a kid in polish they have a word which is the kind of hypothetical conversation that you compulsively play out in your head and finally in german of course in german they have a word called which is the dread of getting what you want
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and about halfway through this project i defined the idea that we all think of ourselves as the main character and everyone else is just extras but in reality we're all the main character and you yourself are an extra in someone else's story and so as soon as i published that i got a lot of response from people saying thank you for giving voice to something i had felt all my life but there was no word for that so it made them feel less alone that's the power of words to make us feel less alone and it was not long after that that i started to notice being used earnestly in conversations online and not long after i actually noticed it i caught it next to me in an actual conversation in person there is no stranger feeling than making up a word and then seeing it take on a mind of its own i don't have a word for that yet but i will
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and when people ask me are these words real i had a variety of answers that i tried out some of them made sense some of them didn't but one of them i tried out was well a word is real if you want it to be real the way that this path is real because people wanted it to be there
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happens on college campuses all the time it's called a desire path
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k that's it the word we have that is the closest thing we have to a master key that's the most commonly understood word in the world no matter where you are the problem with that is no one seems to know what those two letters stand for
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a lifelong dream i'm german myself so i know exactly what that feels like now i'm not sure if i would use any of these words as i go about my day but i'm really glad they exist but the only reason they exist is because i made them up i am the author of the dictionary of obscure sorrows which i've been writing for the last seven years and the whole mission of the project is to find holes in the language of emotion and try to fill them so that we have a way of talking about all those human and quirks of the human condition that we all feel but may not think to talk about because we don't have the words to do it
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working on it i started to think about what makes words real because a lot of people ask me the most common thing i got from people is well are these words made up i don't really understand and i didn't really know what to tell them because once started to take off who am i to say what words are real and what aren't and so i sort of felt like steve jobs who described his epiphany as when he realized that most of us as we go through the day we just try to avoid bouncing against the walls too much and just sort of get on with things but once you realize that people that this world was built by people no smarter than you then you can reach out and touch those walls and even put your hand through them and realize that you have the power to change it
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but then i decided what people are really asking when they're asking if a word is real they're really asking well how many brains will this give me access to because i think that's a lot of how we look at language a word is essentially a key that gets us into certain people's heads and if it gets us into one brain it's not really worth it not really worth knowing two brains eh it depends on who it is a million brains ok now we're talking
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right i mean it could be a misspelling of all correct i guess or old no one really seems to know but the fact that it doesn't matter says something about how we add meaning to words the meaning is not in the words themselves we're the ones that pour ourselves into it and i think when we're all searching for meaning in our lives and searching for the meaning of life i think words have something to do with that
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14,717
i think when we're all searching for meaning in our lives and searching for the meaning of life i think words have something to do with that and i think if you're looking for the meaning of something the dictionary is a decent place to start it brings a sense of order to a very chaotic universe our view of things is so limited that we have to come up with patterns and and try to figure out a way to interpret it and be able to get on with our day we need words to contain us to define ourselves i think a lot of us feel boxed in by how we use these words we forget that words are made up it's not just my words
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and i can repeat that so we stop the transmission of the video and energy harvesting stops as well so that is to show that the solar cell acts as a receiver but now imagine that this led lamp is a street light and there's fog and so i want to simulate fog and that's why i brought a handkerchief with me
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i would like to demonstrate for the first time in public that it is possible to transmit a video from a standard off led lamp to a solar cell with a laptop acting as a receiver there is no fi involved it's just light and you may wonder what's the point and the point is this there will be a massive extension of the internet to close the digital divide and also to allow for what we call the internet of things tens of billions of devices connected to the internet in my view such an extension of the internet can only work if it's almost energy neutral this means we need to use existing infrastructure as much as possible
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so the most common question i get asked and i'm going to answer it now so i don't have to do it over drinks tonight is how did this come about how did start well normally a charity starts with the cause and someone that is directly affected by a cause they then go on to create an event and beyond that a foundation to support that pretty much in every case that's how a charity starts not so with started in a very traditional australian way it was on a sunday afternoon i was with my brother and a mate having a few beers and i was watching the world go by had a few more beers and the conversation turned to fashion and how everything manages to come back into style
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and i said tell me your story and he goes listen i know it's about men's health i know it's about prostate cancer but this is for breast cancer and i said okay that's interesting and he goes last year my mom passed away from breast cancer in sri lanka because we couldn't afford proper treatment for her and he said this mustache is my tribute to my mom and we sort of all choked up in the back of the taxi and i didn't tell him who i was because i didn't think it was appropriate and i just shook his hand and i said thank you so much
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so now that guy is getting screened for prostate cancer so those conversations getting men engaged in this at whatever age is so critically important and in my view so much more important than the funds we raise now to the funds we raise and research and how we're redefining research we fund prostate cancer foundations now in countries
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14,732
i was born in den bosch where the painter bosch named himself after and i've always been very fond of this painter who lived and worked in the century and what is interesting about him in relation to morality is that he lived at a time where religion's influence was waning and he was sort of wondering i think what would happen with society if there was no religion or if there was less religion and so he painted this famous painting the garden of earthly delights which some have interpreted as being humanity before the fall or being humanity without any fall at all and so it makes you wonder what would happen if we hadn't tasted the fruit of knowledge so to speak and what kind of morality would we have much later as a student i went to a very different garden a zoological garden in where we keep chimpanzees this is me at an early age with a baby chimpanzee
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and i discovered there that the chimpanzees are very power hungry and wrote a book about it and at that time the focus in a lot of animal research was on aggression and competition i painted a whole picture of the animal kingdom and humanity included was that deep down we are competitors we are aggressive we are all out for our own profit basically this is the launch of my book i'm not sure how well the chimpanzees read it but they surely seemed interested in the book
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what you have here is two young chimpanzees who have a box and the box is too heavy for one chimp to pull in and of course there's food on the box otherwise they wouldn't be pulling so hard and so they're bringing in the box and you can see that they're synchronized you can see that they work together they pull at the same moment it's already a big advance over many other animals who wouldn't be able to do that now you're going to get a more interesting picture because now one of the two chimps has been fed so one of the two is not really interested in the task anymore
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appears to convey its wishes and meanings by gestures now look at what happens at the very end of this
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so it's actually fairly simple for them there they are so that's how they bring it in but now we're going to make it more difficult because the purpose of this experiment is to see how well they understand cooperation do they understand that as well as the chimps for example what we do in the next step is we release one elephant before the other and that elephant needs to be smart enough to stay there and wait and not pull at the rope because if he pulls at the rope it disappears and the whole test is over now this elephant does something illegal that we did not teach it but it shows the understanding he has because he puts his big foot on the rope stands on the rope and waits there for the other and then the other is going to do all the work for him so it's what we call
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but it shows the intelligence that the elephants have they developed several of these alternative techniques that we did not approve of necessarily
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so the other elephant is now coming and is going to pull it in now look at the other it doesn't forget to eat of course
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humans yawn when others yawn and it's related to empathy it activates the same areas in the brain also we know that people who have a lot of yawn contagion are highly people who have problems with empathy such as autistic children they don't have yawn contagion so it is connected and we study that in our chimpanzees by presenting them with an animated head so that's what you see on the upper left an animated head that yawns and there's a chimpanzee watching an actual real chimpanzee watching a computer screen on which we play these animations
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one who makes the choices that's the interesting part here for the one who makes the choices it doesn't really matter so she gives us now a pro social token and both chimps get fed so the one who makes the choices always gets a reward so it doesn't matter whatsoever and she should actually be choosing blindly but what we find is that they prefer the pro social token so this is the percent line that's the random expectation and especially if the partner draws attention to itself they choose more and if the partner puts pressure on them so if the partner starts spitting water and intimidating them then the choices go down
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and we give her a piece of cucumber and she eats it the other one needs to give a rock to us and that's what she does and she gets a grape and eats it the other one sees that she gives a rock to us now gets again cucumber
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she tests a rock now against the wall she needs to give it to us and she gets cucumber again
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this study became very famous and we got a lot of comments especially anthropologists economists philosophers they didn't like this at all because they had decided in their minds i believe that fairness is a very complex issue and that animals cannot have it and so one philosopher even wrote us that it was impossible that monkeys had a sense of fairness because fairness was invented during the french revolution
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and about a second after i took the picture they came together in the fork of the tree and kissed and embraced each other and this is very interesting because at the time everything was about competition and aggression so it wouldn't make any sense the only thing that matters is that you win or you lose
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and this is very interesting because at the time everything was about competition and aggression so it wouldn't make any sense the only thing that matters is that you win or you lose but why reconcile after a fight that doesn't make any sense this is the way bonobos do it bonobos do everything with sex and so they also reconcile with sex but the principle is exactly the same the principle is that you have a valuable relationship that is damaged by conflict so you need to do something about it
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the wolf is after all a very cooperative animal and that's why many of you have a dog at home which has all these characteristics also and it's really unfair to humanity because humanity is actually much more cooperative and than given credit for
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pillars of morality if you ask anyone what is morality based on these are the two factors that always come out one is reciprocity and associated with it is a sense of justice and a sense of fairness and the other one is empathy and compassion and human morality is more than this but if you would remove these two pillars there would be not much remaining i think
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what you have here is two young chimpanzees who have a box and the box is too heavy for one chimp to pull in and of course there's food on the box otherwise they wouldn't be pulling so hard
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there are two interesting parts about this one is that the chimp on the right has a full understanding he needs the partner so a full understanding of the need for cooperation the second one is that the partner is willing to work even though he's not interested in the food why would that be well that probably has to do with reciprocity there's actually a lot of evidence in primates and other animals that they return favors
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14,753
why would that be well that probably has to do with reciprocity there's actually a lot of evidence in primates and other animals that they return favors he will get a return favor at some point in the future and so that's how this all operates we do the same task with elephants now it's very dangerous to work with elephants another problem with elephants is that you cannot make an apparatus that is too heavy for a single elephant now you can probably make it but it's going to be a pretty clumsy apparatus i think and so what we did in that case we do these studies in thailand for josh is we have an apparatus around which there is a rope a single rope
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now you can probably make it but it's going to be a pretty clumsy apparatus i think and so what we did in that case we do these studies in thailand for josh is we have an apparatus around which there is a rope a single rope and if you pull on this side of the rope the rope disappears on the other side so two elephants need to pick it up at exactly the same time and pull otherwise nothing is going to happen and the rope disappears the first tape you're going to see is two elephants who are released together arrive at the apparatus the apparatus is on the left with food on it and so they come together they arrive together they pick it up together and they pull together so it's actually fairly simple for them
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and empathy has two qualities one is the understanding part of it this is just a regular definition the ability to understand and share the feelings of another and the emotional part
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this is just a regular definition the ability to understand and share the feelings of another and the emotional part empathy has basically two channels one is the body channel if you talk with a sad person you're going to adopt a sad expression and a sad posture and before you know it you feel sad and that's sort of the body channel of emotional empathy which many animals have your average dog has that also that's why people keep mammals in the home and not turtles or snakes or something like that who don't have that kind of empathy and then there's a cognitive channel which is more that you can take the perspective of somebody else and that's more limited very few animals i think elephants and apes can do that kind of thing
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this is a study we did with vicki horner and here you have the two color tokens so they have a whole bucket full of them and they have to pick one of the two colors you will see how that goes so if this chimp makes the selfish choice which is the red token in this case he needs to give it to us we pick it up we put it on a table where there's two food rewards but in this case only the one on the right gets food the one on the left walks away because she knows already that this is not a good test for her then the next one is the pro social token
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and this is what happens without a partner when there's no partner sitting there so we found that the chimpanzees do care about the well being of somebody else especially these are other members of their own group so the final experiment that i want to mention to you is our fairness study and so this became a very famous study and there are now many more because after we did this about years ago it became very well known
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and so this became a very famous study and there are now many more because after we did this about years ago it became very well known and we did that originally with monkeys and i'm going to show you the first experiment that we did it has now been done with dogs and with birds and with chimpanzees but with sarah brosnan we started out with monkeys so what we did is we put two monkeys side again these animals live in a group they know each other we take them out of the group put them in a test chamber
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this is such an amazing place the antarctic and i have worked hard for the last years on this mission to make sure that what's happening up here in the north does never happen cannot happen in the south where did this all begin it began for me at the age of check out that haircut it's a bit odd
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that was a bit more inspiring and after years seven years of fundraising seven years of being told no seven years of being told by my family to seek counseling and psychiatric help eventually three of us found ourselves marching to the south geographic pole on the longest unassisted march ever made anywhere on earth in history in this photograph we are standing in an area the size of the united states of america and we're on our own we have no radio communications no backup beneath our feet percent of all the world's ice percent of all the world's fresh water we're standing on it this is the power of antarctica on this journey we faced the danger of intense cold so cold that sweat turns to ice inside your clothing your teeth can crack water can freeze in your eyes let's just say it's a bit chilly
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let's go south all of you are actually going south this is the direction of south this way and if you go kilometers out of the back of this room you will come to as far south as you can go anywhere on earth the pole itself now i am not an explorer i'm not an environmentalist i'm actually just a survivor and these photographs that i'm showing you here are dangerous
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the ice is crashing around us grinding and i'm thinking are we going to die but something clicked in my head on this day as i realized we as a world are in a survival situation and that feeling has never gone away for long years back then we had to march or die and we're not some tv survivor program when things go wrong for us it's life or death and our brave african american daryl who would become the first american to walk to the north pole his heel dropped off from frostbite out he must keep going he does and after days on the ice we stood at the north pole we had done it yes i became the first person in history stupid enough to walk to both poles but it was our success and sadly on return home it was not all fun i became very low
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it is such a privilege to go to antarctica i can't tell you i feel so lucky and i've been times in my life and all those people who come with us return home as great champions not only for antarctica but for local issues back in their own nations
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handful of secrets from that collection starting with this one i found these stamps as a child and i have been waiting all my life to have someone to send them to i never did have someone secrets can take many forms they can be shocking or silly or soulful they can connect us to our deepest humanity or with people we'll never meet
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have great parents i've found love i'm happy secrets can remind us of the countless human dramas of frailty and heroism playing out silently in the lives of people all around us even now everyone who knew me before believes i'm dead i used to work with a bunch of uptight religious people so sometimes i didn't wear panties and just had a big smile and chuckled to myself
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i love to speak on college campuses and share secrets and the stories with students and sometimes afterwards i'll stick around and sign books and take photos with students and this next postcard was made out of one of those photos and i should also mention that just like today at that event i was using a wireless microphone your mic wasn't off during sound check we all heard you pee
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i feel like the happiest person on earth now one of these men is the father of my son he pays me a lot to keep it a secret
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it was a very happy ending so i emailed him back and i said please share with me an image something that i can share with the whole community and let everyone know your fairy tale ending and he emailed me this picture
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people began to buy their own postcards and make their own postcards i started receiving secrets in my home mailbox not just with from washington d c but from texas california vancouver new zealand iraq soon my crazy idea didn't seem so crazy com is the most visited advertisement free in the world and this is my postcard collection today you can see my wife struggling to stack a brick of postcards on a pyramid of over a half million secrets
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it's in my pocket right now i had this postcard posted on the two years ago on valentine's day it was the very bottom the last secret in the long column and it hadn't been up for more than a couple hours before i received this exuberant email from the guy who mailed me this postcard and he said frank i've got to share with you this story that just played out in my life
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matty has found this ingenious way to leverage the kindness of strangers and it might seem like a simple idea and it is but the impact it can have on people's lives can be huge matty shared with me an emotional email he received from the mother in that picture that's me my husband and son the other pictures are of my very ill grandmother thank you for making your site
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the other pictures are of my very ill grandmother thank you for making your site these pictures mean more to me than you know my son's birth is on this camera he turns four tomorrow every picture that you see there and thousands of others have been returned back to the person who lost it sometimes crossing oceans sometimes going through language barriers this is the last postcard i have to share with you today when people i love leave on my phone i always save them in case they die tomorrow and i have no other way of hearing their voice ever again when i posted this secret dozens of people sent voicemail messages from their phones sometimes ones they'd been keeping for years messages from family or friends who had died
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secrets can take many forms they can be shocking or silly or soulful they can connect us with our deepest humanity or with people we'll never meet again first saved voice message grandma it's somebody's birthday today somebody's birthday today the candles are lighted on somebody's cake and we're all invited for somebody's sake you're years old today have a real happy birthday and i love you i'll say bye for now thank you
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this third one is a ratchet like interaction so let me turn it up so it's a slightly different interaction the fourth one is a drone and finally let's see this is a totally different interaction and i think you have to imagine that there's this giant invisible drum sitting right here on stage and i'm going to bang it
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i want to talk to you about one thing and just one thing only and this has to do with when people ask me what do you do to which i usually respond i do computer music now a number of people just stop talking to me right then and there and the rest who are left usually have this blank look in their eye as if to say what does that mean and i feel like i'm actually depriving them of information by telling them this at which point i usually panic and spit out the first thing that comes to my mind which is i have no idea what i'm doing which is true that's usually followed by a second thought which is whatever it is that i'm doing i love it
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think we'll begin with just this question what is computer music and i'm going to try to do my best to provide a definition maybe by telling you a story that goes through some of the stuff i've been working on and the first thing i think in our story is going to be something called chuck now chuck is a programming language for music and it's open source it's freely available and i like to think that it crashes equally well on all modern operating systems and instead of telling you more about it i'm just going to give you a demo by the way i'm just going to nerd out for just a few minutes here so i would say don't freak out
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here's an experiment we're doing in the lab a subject is feeling a real time streaming feed from the net of data for five seconds then two buttons appear and he has to make a choice he doesn't know what's going on he makes a choice and he gets feedback after one second now here's the thing the subject has no idea what all the patterns mean but we're seeing if he gets better at figuring out which button to press he doesn't know that what we're feeding is real time data from the stock market and he's making buy and sell decisions
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and what we're seeing is can we expand the human so that he comes to have after several weeks a direct perceptual experience of the economic movements of the planet so we'll report on that later to see how well this goes
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