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causes | What causes Sleep Apnea ? | When you're awake, throat muscles help keep your airway stiff and open so air can flow into your lungs. When you sleep, these muscles relax, which narrows your throat.
Normally, this narrowing doesnt prevent air from flowing into and out of your lungs. But if you have sleep apnea, your airway can becom... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Sleep Apnea? ? | Obstructive sleep apnea is a common condition. About half of the people who have this condition are overweight.
Men are more likely than women to have sleep apnea. Although the condition can occur at any age, the risk increases as you get older. A family history of sleep apnea also increases your risk ... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Sleep Apnea ? | Major Signs and Symptoms
One of the most common signs of obstructive sleep apnea is loud and chronic (ongoing) snoring. Pauses may occur in the snoring. Choking or gasping may follow the pauses.
The snoring usually is loudest when you sleep on your back; it might be less noisy when you... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Sleep Apnea ? | Doctors diagnose sleep apnea based on medical and family histories, a physical exam, and sleep study results. Your primary care doctor may evaluate your symptoms first. He or she will then decide whether you need to see a sleep specialist.
Sleep specialists are doctors who diagnose and treat people who... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Sleep Apnea ? | Sleep apnea is treated with lifestyle changes, mouthpieces, breathing devices, and surgery. Medicines typically aren't used to treat the condition.
The goals of treating sleep apnea are to:
Restore regular breathing during sleep
Relieve symptoms such as loud snoring an... |
information | What is (are) Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency ? | Sleep deprivation (DEP-rih-VA-shun) is a condition that occurs if you don't get enough sleep. Sleep deficiency is a broader concept. It occurs if you have one or more of the following:
You don't get enough sleep (sleep deprivation)
You sleep at the wrong time of day (that is, you're ou... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency? ? | Sleep deficiency, which includes sleep deprivation, affects people of all ages, races, and ethnicities. Certain groups of people may be more likely to be sleep deficient. Examples include people who:
Have limited time available for sleep, such as caregivers or people working long hours or more than one... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Sleep Deprivation and Deficiency ? | Sleep deficiency can cause you to feel very tired during the day. You may not feel refreshed and alert when you wake up. Sleep deficiency also can interfere with work, school, driving, and social functioning.
How sleepy you feel during the day can help you figure out whether you're having symptoms of p... |
information | What is (are) Electrocardiogram ? | An electrocardiogram (e-lek-tro-KAR-de-o-gram), also called an EKG or ECG, is a simple, painless test that records the heart's electrical activity. To understand this test, it helps to understand how the heart works.
With each heartbeat, an electrical signal spreads from the top of the heart to the bot... |
outlook | What is the outlook for Electrocardiogram ? | You don't need to take any special steps before having an electrocardiogram (EKG). However, tell your doctor or his or her staff about the medicines you're taking. Some medicines can affect EKG results. |
outlook | What is the outlook for Electrocardiogram ? | An electrocardiogram (EKG) is painless and harmless. A nurse or technician will attach soft, sticky patches called electrodes to the skin of your chest, arms, and legs. The patches are about the size of a quarter.
Often, 12 patches are attached to your body. This helps detect your heart's electrical ac... |
outlook | What is the outlook for Electrocardiogram ? | After an electrocardiogram (EKG), the nurse or technician will remove the electrodes (soft patches) from your skin. You may develop a rash or redness where the EKG patches were attached. This mild rash often goes away without treatment.
You usually can go back to your normal daily routine after an EKG. |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Electrocardiogram? ? | An electrocardiogram (EKG) has no serious risks. It's a harmless, painless test that detects the heart's electrical activity. EKGs don't give off electrical charges, such as shocks.
You may develop a mild rash where the electrodes (soft patches) were attached. This rash often goes away without treatmen... |
information | What is (are) Atherosclerosis ? | Espaol
Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up inside your arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your heart and other parts of your body.
Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, pl... |
causes | What causes Atherosclerosis ? | The exact cause of atherosclerosis isn't known. However, studies show that atherosclerosis is a slow, complex disease that may start in childhood. It develops faster as you age.
Atherosclerosis may start when certain factors damage the inner layers of the arteries. These factors include:
... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Atherosclerosis? ? | The exact cause of atherosclerosis isn't known. However, certain traits, conditions, or habits may raise your risk for the disease. These conditions are known as risk factors. The more risk factors you have, the more likely it is that you'll develop atherosclerosis.
You can control most risk factors an... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Atherosclerosis ? | Atherosclerosis usually doesn't cause signs and symptoms until it severely narrows or totally blocks an artery. Many people don't know they have the disease until they have a medical emergency, such as a heart attack or stroke.
Some people may have signs and symptoms of the disease. Signs and symptoms ... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Atherosclerosis ? | Your doctor will diagnose atherosclerosis based on your medical and family histories, a physical exam, and test results.
Specialists Involved
If you have atherosclerosis, a primary care doctor, such as an internist or family practitioner, may handle your care. Your doctor may recommend... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Atherosclerosis ? | Treatments for atherosclerosis may include heart-healthy lifestyle changes, medicines, and medical procedures or surgery. The goals of treatment include:
Lowering the risk of blood clots forming
Preventing atherosclerosis-related diseases
Reducing risk factors in an ef... |
prevention | How to prevent Atherosclerosis ? | Taking action to control your risk factors can help prevent or delay atherosclerosis and its related diseases. Your risk for atherosclerosis increases with the number of risk factors youhave.
One step you can take is to adopt a healthy lifestyle, which can include:
Heart-Healthy Eating... |
information | What is (are) Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors ? | Coronary heart disease risk factors are conditions or habits that raise your risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart attack. These risk factors also increase the chance that existing CHD will worsen.
CHD, also called coronary artery disease, is a condition in which a waxy substance called plaque... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors? ? | High Blood Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels
Cholesterol
High blood cholesterol is a condition in which your blood has too much cholesterola waxy, fat-like substance. The higher your blood cholesterol level, the greater your risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart attack.
... |
prevention | How to prevent Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors ? | You can prevent and control many coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors with heart-healthy lifestyle changes and medicines. Examples of risk factors you can control include high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, and overweight and obesity. Only a few risk factorssuch as age, gender, and family historycant be c... |
information | What is (are) Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ? | Primary ciliary (SIL-e-ar-e) dyskinesia (dis-kih-NE-ze-ah), or PCD, is a rare disease that affects tiny, hair-like structures that line the airways. These structures are called cilia (SIL-e-ah).
Cilia move together in wave-like motions. They carry mucus (a slimy substance) toward the mouth to be coughe... |
causes | What causes Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ? | Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, inherited disease. "Inherited" means the disease is passed from parents to children through genes. With PCD, this process is very complex. Researchers are still learning how the disease is inherited and which genes are involved.
Generally, a child must inheri... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia? ? | Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare disease that affects both males and females. The disease also affects people from all racial and ethnic groups.
Some people who have PCD have breathing problems from the moment of birth. However, other people can go through all or most of their lives without k... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ? | Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) mainly affects the sinuses, ears, and lungs. One sign that you might have PCD is if you have chronic (ongoing) infections in one or more of these areas. Common signs, symptoms, and complications linked to PCD include the following:
Sinuses: - Chronic nasal congestion ... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ? | Your doctor or your child's doctor will diagnose primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) based on signs and symptoms and test results.
If your primary care doctor thinks that you may have PCD or another lung disorder, he or she may refer you to a pulmonologist. This is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing a... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ? | Unfortunately, no treatment is available yet to fix faulty airway cilia. (Cilia are tiny, hair-like structures that line the airways.) Thus, treatment for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) focuses on which symptoms and complications you have.
The main goals of treating PCD are to:
Contr... |
information | What is (are) Kawasaki Disease ? | Kawasaki (KAH-wah-SAH-ke) disease is a rare childhood disease. It's a form of a condition calledvasculitis(vas-kyu-LI-tis). This condition involves inflammation of the blood vessels.
In Kawasaki disease, the walls of the blood vessels throughout the body become inflamed. The disease can affect any type... |
causes | What causes Kawasaki Disease ? | The cause of Kawasaki disease isn't known. The body's response to a virus or infection combined with genetic factors may cause the disease. However, no specific virus or infection has been found, and the role of genetics isn't known.
Kawasaki disease can't be passed from one child to another. Your chil... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Kawasaki Disease? ? | Kawasaki disease affects children of all races and ages and both genders. It occurs most often in children of Asian and Pacific Island descent.
The disease is more likely to affect boys than girls. Most cases occur in children younger than 5 years old. Kawasaki disease is rare in children older than 8. |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Kawasaki Disease ? | Major Signs and Symptoms
One of the main symptoms during the early part of Kawasaki disease, called the acute phase, is fever. The fever lasts longer than 5 days. It remains high even after treatment with standard childhood fever medicines.
Other classic signs of the disease are:
... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Kawasaki Disease ? | Kawasaki disease is diagnosed based on your child's signs and symptoms and the results from tests and procedures.
Specialists Involved
Pediatricians often are the first to suspect a child has Kawasaki disease. Pediatricians are doctors who specialize in treating children.
... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Kawasaki Disease ? | Medicines are the main treatment for Kawasaki disease. Rarely, children whose coronary (heart) arteries are affected may need medical procedures or surgery.
The goals of treatment include:
Reducing fever and inflammation to improve symptoms
Preventing the disease from ... |
prevention | How to prevent Kawasaki Disease ? | Kawasaki disease can't be prevented. However, most children who have the disease recoverusually within weeks of getting signs and symptoms. Further problems are rare. |
information | What is (are) Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ? | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (noo-mo-NI-tis), or HP, is a disease in which the lungs become inflamed from breathing in foreign substances, such as molds, dusts, and chemicals. These substances also are known as antigens (AN-tih-jens).
People are exposed to antigens at home, while at work, and in other ... |
causes | What causes Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ? | Repeatedly breathing in foreign substances can cause hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Examples of these substances include molds, dusts, and chemicals. (Mold often is the cause of HP.) These substances also are known as antigens.
Over time, your lungs can become sensitive to antigens. If this happens... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis? ? | People who repeatedly breathe in foreign substances are at risk for hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). These substances, which also are known as antigens, include molds, dusts, and chemicals. However, most people who breathe in these substances don't develop HP.
People at increased risk include:
... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ? | Signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) depend on whether the disease is acute (short-term) or chronic (ongoing).
Acute Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
With acute HP, symptoms usually occur within 29 hours of exposure to an antigen you're sensitive to. (An antigen is a sub... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ? | To diagnose hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), your doctor must pinpoint the antigen that's causing the disease and its source. (An antigen is a substance that your body reacts against, such as molds, dusts, and chemicals.)
Your doctor will ask you detailed questions about:
Your curren... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ? | The best way to treat hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is to avoid the antigen that caused it. (An antigen is a substance that your body reacts against, such as molds, dusts, and chemicals.)
In acute (short-term) HP, symptoms usually go away once you're no longer in contact with the antigen. In chroni... |
information | What is (are) High Blood Pressure ? | Espaol
High blood pressure is a common disease in which blood flows through blood vessels (arteries) at higher than normal pressures.
Measuring Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. High ... |
causes | What causes High Blood Pressure ? | Changes, either fromgenesor the environment, in the bodys normal functions may cause high blood pressure, including changes to kidney fluid and salt balances, therenin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,sympathetic nervous systemactivity, and blood vessel structure and function.
Biology and High Blood Pres... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for High Blood Pressure? ? | Anyone can develop high blood pressure; however, age, race or ethnicity, being overweight, gender, lifestyle habits, and a family history of high blood pressure can increase your risk for developing high blood pressure.
Age
Blood pressure tends to rise with age. About 65 percent of Ame... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of High Blood Pressure ? | Because diagnosis is based on blood pressure readings, this condition can go undetected for years, as symptoms do not usually appear until the body is damaged from chronic high blood pressure.
Complications of High Blood Pressure
When blood pressure stays high over ti... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose High Blood Pressure ? | For most patients, health care providers diagnose high blood pressure when blood pressure readings areconsistently 140/90 mmHg or above.
Confirming High Blood Pressure
A blood pressure test is easy and painless and can be done in a health care providers office or clinic. To prepare for... |
treatment | What are the treatments for High Blood Pressure ? | Based on your diagnosis, health care providers develop treatment plans for high blood pressure that include lifelong lifestyle changes and medicines to control high blood pressure; lifestyle changes such as weight loss can be highly effective in treating high blood pressure.
Treatment... |
prevention | How to prevent High Blood Pressure ? | Healthy lifestyle habits, proper use of medicines, and regular medical care can prevent high blood pressure or its complications.
Preventing High Blood Pressure Onset
Healthy lifestyle habits can help prevent high blood pressure from developing. It is important to check your blood pres... |
information | What is (are) Metabolic Syndrome ? | Metabolicsyndrome is the name for a group of risk factors that raises your risk for heart disease and other health problems, such as diabetes and stroke.
The term "metabolic" refers to the biochemical processes involved in the body's normal functioning. Risk factors are traits, conditions, or habits th... |
causes | What causes Metabolic Syndrome ? | Metabolic syndrome has several causes that act together. You can control some of the causes, such as overweight and obesity, an inactive lifestyle, and insulin resistance.
You can't control other factors that may play a role in causing metabolic syndrome, such as growing older. Your risk for metabolic ... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Metabolic Syndrome? ? | People at greatest risk for metabolic syndrome have these underlying causes:
Abdominal obesity (a large waistline)
An inactive lifestyle
Insulin resistance
Some people are at risk for metabolic syndrome because they take medicines that cause weight gai... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome ? | Metabolic syndrome is a group of risk factors that raises your risk for heart disease and other health problems, such as diabetes and stroke. These risk factors can increase your risk for health problems even if they're only moderately raised (borderline-high risk factors).
Most of the metabolic risk f... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Metabolic Syndrome ? | Your doctor will diagnose metabolic syndrome based on the results of a physical exam and blood tests. You must have at least three of the five metabolic risk factors to be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic Risk Factors
A Large Waistline
Having a large waistl... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Metabolic Syndrome ? | Heart-healthy lifestyle changes are the first line of treatment for metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle changes include heart-healthy eating, losing and maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, physical activity, and quittingsmoking.
If lifestyle changes arent enough, your doctor may prescribe medicine... |
prevention | How to prevent Metabolic Syndrome ? | Making heart-healthy lifestyle choices is the best way to prevent metabolic syndrome by:
Being physically active
Following a heart-healthy eating plan
Knowing your weight, waist measurement, and body mass index
Maintaining a healthy weight
... |
information | What is (are) Heart Attack ? | Espaol
A heart attack happens when the flow of oxygen-rich blood to a section of heart muscle suddenly becomes blocked and the heart cant get oxygen. If blood flow isnt restored quickly, the section of heart muscle begins to die.
Heart attack treatment works best when its given right a... |
causes | What causes Heart Attack ? | Coronary Heart Disease
A heart attack happens if the flow of oxygen-rich blood to a section of heart muscle suddenly becomes blocked and the heart can't get oxygen. Most heart attacks occur as a result of coronary heart disease (CHD).
CHD is a condition in which a waxy substance called... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Heart Attack? ? | Certain risk factors make it more likely that you'll develop coronary heart disease (CHD) and have a heart attack. You can control many of these risk factors.
Risk Factors You Can Control
The major risk factors for a heart attack that you can control include:
Smoking
... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Heart Attack ? | Not all heart attacks begin with the sudden, crushing chest pain that often is shown on TV or in the movies. In one study, for example, one-third of the patients who had heart attacks had no chest pain. These patients were more likely to be older, female, or diabetic.
The symptoms of a heart attack can... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Heart Attack ? | Your doctor will diagnose a heart attack based on your signs and symptoms, your medical and family histories, and test results.
Diagnostic Tests
EKG (Electrocardiogram)
An EKG is a simple, painless test that detects and records the heart's electrical activity. The test... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Heart Attack ? | Early treatment for a heart attack can prevent or limit damage to the heart muscle. Acting fast, by calling 911 at the first symptoms of a heart attack, can save your life. Medical personnel can begin diagnosis and treatment even before you get to the hospital.
Immediate Treatment
Cert... |
prevention | How to prevent Heart Attack ? | Lowering your risk factors for coronary heart disease can help you prevent a heart attack. Even if you already have coronary heart disease, you still can take steps to lower your risk for a heart attack. These steps involve following a heart-healthy lifestyle and getting ongoingmedical care.
Heart-Heal... |
information | What is (are) Pericarditis ? | Pericarditis (PER-i-kar-DI-tis) is a condition in which the membrane, or sac, around your heart is inflamed. This sac is called the pericardium (per-i-KAR-de-um).
The pericardium holds the heart in place and helps it work properly. The sac is made of two thin layers of tissue that enclose your heart. B... |
causes | What causes Pericarditis ? | In many cases, the cause of pericarditis (both acute and chronic) is unknown.
Viral infections are likely a common cause of pericarditis, although the virus may never be found. Pericarditis often occurs after a respiratory infection. Bacterial, fungal, and other infections also can cause pericarditis.
... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Pericarditis? ? | Pericarditis occurs in people of all ages. However, men aged 20 to 50 are more likely to develop it than others.
People who are treated for acute pericarditis may get it again. This may happen in 15 to 30 percent of people who have the condition. A small number of these people go on to develop chronic ... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Pericarditis ? | The most common sign of acute pericarditis is sharp, stabbing chest pain. The pain usually comes on quickly. It often is felt in the middle or left side of the chest or over the front of the chest. You also may feel pain in one or both shoulders, the neck, back, and abdomen.
The pain tends to ease when... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Pericarditis ? | Your doctor will diagnose pericarditis based on your medical history, a physical exam, and the results from tests.
Specialists Involved
Primary care doctorssuch as a family doctor, internist, or pediatricianoften diagnose and treat pericarditis. Other types of doctors also may be invol... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Pericarditis ? | Most cases of pericarditis are mild; they clear up on their own or with rest and simple treatment. Other times, more intense treatment is needed to prevent complications. Treatment may include medicines and, less often, procedures or surgery.
The goals of treatment include:
Reducing pa... |
prevention | How to prevent Pericarditis ? | You usually can't prevent acute pericarditis. You can take steps to reduce your chance of having another acute episode, having complications, or getting chronic pericarditis.
These steps include getting prompt treatment, following your treatment plan, and having ongoing medical care (as your doctor adv... |
information | What is (are) Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | Obesity hypoventilation (HI-po-ven-tih-LA-shun) syndrome (OHS) is a breathing disorder that affects some obese people. In OHS, poor breathing results in too much carbon dioxide (hypoventilation) and too little oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia).
OHS sometimes is called Pickwickian syndrome.
... |
causes | What causes Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a breathing disorder that affects some obese people. Why these people develop OHS isn't fully known. Researchers think that several factors may work together to cause OHS. These factors include:
A respiratory (RES-pih-rah-tor-e) system that has to work harder t... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome? ? | People who are obese are at risk for obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). "Obesity" refers to having too much body fat. People who are obese have body weight that's greater than what is considered healthy for a certain height.
The most useful measure of obesity is body mass index (BMI). BMI is calcu... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | Many of the signs and symptoms of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are the same as those of obstructive sleep apnea. This is because many people who have OHS also have obstructive sleep apnea.
One of the most common signs of obstructive sleep apnea is loud and chronic (ongoing) snoring. Pauses ma... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is diagnosed based on your medical history, signs and symptoms, and test results.
Specialists Involved
A critical care specialist, pulmonologist (lung specialist), and/or sleep specialist may diagnose and treat your condition.
A s... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | Treatments for obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) include breathing support, weight loss, and medicines.
The goals of treating OHS may include:
Supporting and aiding your breathing
Achieving major weight loss
Treating underlying and related conditi... |
prevention | How to prevent Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ? | You can prevent obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) by maintaining a healthy weight. However, not everyone who is obese develops OHS. Researchers don't fully know why only some people who are obese develop the condition.
Adopting healthy habits can help you maintain a healthy weight. Many lifestyle ... |
information | What is (are) Hemolytic Anemia ? | Hemolytic anemia (HEE-moh-lit-ick uh-NEE-me-uh) is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over.
Red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the center. These cells carry oxygen to your body. They a... |
causes | What causes Hemolytic Anemia ? | The immediate cause of hemolytic anemia is the early destruction of red blood cells. This means that red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over.
Many diseases, conditions, and factors can cause the body to destroy its red blood cells. These cause... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Hemolytic Anemia? ? | Hemolytic anemia can affect people of all ages and races and both sexes. Some types of hemolytic anemia are more likely to occur in certain populations than others.
For example, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency mostly affects males of African or Mediterranean descent. In the United S... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Hemolytic Anemia ? | The signs and symptoms of hemolytic anemia will depend on the type and severity of the disease.
People who have mild hemolytic anemia often have no signs or symptoms. More severe hemolytic anemia may cause many signs and symptoms, and they may be serious.
Many of the signs and symptoms... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Hemolytic Anemia ? | Your doctor will diagnose hemolytic anemia based on your medical and family histories, a physical exam, and test results.
Specialists Involved
Primary care doctors, such as a family doctor or pediatrician, may help diagnose and treat hemolytic anemia. Your primary care doctor also may ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Hemolytic Anemia ? | Treatments for hemolytic anemia include blood transfusions, medicines, plasmapheresis (PLAZ-meh-feh-RE-sis), surgery, blood and marrow stem cell transplants, and lifestyle changes.
People who have mild hemolytic anemia may not need treatment, as long as the condition doesn't worsen. People who have sev... |
prevention | How to prevent Hemolytic Anemia ? | You can't prevent inherited types of hemolytic anemia. One exception is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
If you're born with G6PD deficiency, you can avoid substances that may trigger the condition. For example, avoid fava beans, naphthalene (a substance found in some moth balls), a... |
information | What is (are) Thalassemias ? | Thalassemias (thal-a-SE-me-ahs) are inherited blood disorders. "Inherited" means that the disorder is passed from parents to children through genes.
Thalassemias cause the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin (HEE-muh-glow-bin) than normal. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein i... |
causes | What causes Thalassemias ? | Your body makes three types of blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (PLATE-lets). Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, an iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body. Hemoglobin also carries carbon dioxide (a waste gas) from your body to your lungs, where it'... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Thalassemias? ? | Family history and ancestry are the two risk factors for thalassemias.
Family History
Thalassemias are inheritedthat is, the genes for the disorders are passed from parents to their children. If your parents have missing or altered hemoglobin-making genes, you may have thalassemia.
... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Thalassemias ? | A lack of oxygen in the bloodstream causes the signs and symptoms of thalassemias. The lack of oxygen occurs because the body doesn't make enough healthy red blood cells and hemoglobin. The severity of symptoms depends on the severity of the disorder.
No Symptoms
Alpha thalassemia sile... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Thalassemias ? | Doctors diagnose thalassemias using blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC) and special hemoglobin tests.
A CBC measures the amount of hemoglobin and the different kinds of blood cells, such as red blood cells, in a sample of blood. People who have thalassemias have fewer healthy red blood ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Thalassemias ? | Treatments for thalassemias depend on the type and severity of the disorder. People who are carriers or who have alpha or beta thalassemia trait have mild or no symptoms. Theyll likely need little or no treatment.
Doctors use three standard treatments for moderate and severe forms of thalassemia. These... |
prevention | How to prevent Thalassemias ? | You cant prevent thalassemias because theyre inherited (passed from parents to children through genes). However, prenatal tests can detect these blood disorders before birth.
Family genetic studies may help find out whether people have missing or altered hemoglobin genes that cause thalassemias. (For m... |
information | What is (are) Fanconi Anemia ? | Fanconi anemia (fan-KO-nee uh-NEE-me-uh), or FA, is a rare, inherited blood disorder that leads to bone marrow failure. The disorder also is called Fanconis anemia.
FA prevents your bone marrow from making enough new blood cells for your body to work normally. FA also can cause your bone marrow to make... |
causes | What causes Fanconi Anemia ? | Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited disease. The term inherited means that the disease is passed from parents to children through genes. At least 13 faulty genes are associated with FA. FA occurs when both parents pass the same faulty FA gene to their child.
People who have only one faulty FA gene are ... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Fanconi Anemia? ? | Fanconi anemia (FA) occurs in all racial and ethnic groups and affects men and women equally.
In the United States, about 1 out of every 181 people is an FA carrier. This carrier rate leads to about 1 in 130,000 people being born with FA.
Two ethnic groups, Ashkenazi Jews and Afrikaner... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Fanconi Anemia ? | Major Signs and Symptoms
Your doctor may suspect you or your child has Fanconi anemia (FA) if you have signs and symptoms of:
Anemia
Bone marrow failure
Birth defects
Developmental or eating problems
FA is an inherited... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Fanconi Anemia ? | People who have Fanconi anemia (FA) are born with the disorder. They may or may not show signs or symptoms of it at birth. For this reason, FA isn't always diagnosed when a person is born. In fact, most people who have the disorder are diagnosed between the ages of 2 and 15 years.
The tests used to dia... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Fanconi Anemia ? | Doctors decide how to treat Fanconi anemia (FA) based on a person's age and how well the person's bone marrow is making new blood cells.
Goals of Treatment
Long-term treatments for FA can:
Cure the anemia. Damaged bone marrow cells are replaced with healthy ones that c... |
prevention | How to prevent Fanconi Anemia ? | ou can't prevent Fanconi anemia (FA) because it's an inherited disease. If a child gets two copies of the same faulty FA gene, he or she will have the disease.
If you're at high risk for FA and are planning to have children, you may want to consider genetic counseling. A counselor can help you understa... |
information | What is (are) Atrial Fibrillation ? | Atrial fibrillation (A-tre-al fi-bri-LA-shun), or AF, is the most common type of arrhythmia (ah-RITH-me-ah). An arrhythmia is a problem with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat. During an arrhythmia, the heart can beat too fast, too slow, or with an irregular rhythm.
AF occurs if rapid, disorganized el... |
causes | What causes Atrial Fibrillation ? | Atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs if the heart's electrical signals don't travel through the heart in a normal way. Instead, they become very rapid and disorganized.
Damage to the heart's electrical system causes AF. The damage most often is the result of other conditions that affect the health of the he... |
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