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In the following, a building is defined as a structure with a roof and walls that stands permanently in one place. Airports are excluded as their construction cost includes runways and systems; however, terminal buildings are included in the list. See also Megaproject List of megaprojects List of largest buildings List of tallest buildings List of largest hotels References Expensive Buildings In The World, List Of Most buildings Lists of buildings and structures	wiki
Lower Falls may refer to: Lower Falls, a named section of Yellowstone Falls Lower Falls (District Electoral Area) Lower Falls, West Virginia Lower Falls (Yarmouth, Maine)	wiki
Stay Awhile may refer to: Music Albums Stay Awhile (Steve Cole album), 1998 Stay Awhile (The Kingston Trio album), 1965 Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You, a 1964 album by Dusty Springfield featuring the song "Stay Awhile" Songs "Stay Awhile" (The Bells song), a 1971 hit song by The Bells written by Ken Tobias "Stay Awhile" (Dusty Springfield song) from Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You "Stay Awhile" (Soraya song) from On Nights Like This "Stay Awhile", a 1959 song by The Clovers "Stay Awhile", a song by Tina Turner from her 1993 album What's Love Got to Do With It "Stay Awhile", a song by Journey from their album Departure "Stay Awhile", a song by Kim Wilde from the album Catch as Catch Can "Stay A While", a song by Dan Saunders from the album Wade In: The Lockdown Project	wiki
A posthumous birth is the birth of a child after the death of a biological parent. A person born in these circumstances is called a posthumous child or a posthumously born person. Most instances of posthumous birth involve the birth of a child after the death of its father, but the term is also applied to infants delivered shortly after the death of the mother, usually by caesarean section. Legal implications Posthumous birth has special implications in law, potentially affecting the child's citizenship and legal rights, inheritance, and order of succession. Legal systems generally include special provisions regarding inheritance by posthumous children and the legal status of such children. For example, Massachusetts law states that a posthumous child is treated as having been living at the death of the parent, meaning that the child receives the same share of the parent's estate as if the child had been born before the parent's death. Another emerging legal issue in the United States is the control of genetic material after the death of the donor. United States law holds that posthumous children of U.S. citizens who are born outside the United States have the same rights to citizenship that they would have had if the deceased U.S. citizen parent had been alive at the time of their birth. In the field of assisted reproduction, snowflake children, i.e. those "adopted" as frozen embryos by people unrelated to them, can result in the birth of a child after the death of one or both of their genetic parents. In monarchies and nobilities A posthumous birth has special significance in the case of hereditary monarchies and hereditary noble titles following primogeniture. In this system, a monarch's or peer's own child precedes that monarch's or peer's sibling in the order of succession. In cases where the widow of a childless king or nobleman is pregnant at the time of his death, the next-in-line is not permitted to assume the throne or title, but must yield place to the unborn child, or ascends and reigns (in the case of a monarch) or succeeds (in the case of a peer) until the child is born. In monarchies and noble titles that follow male-preference cognatic primogeniture, the situation is similar where the dead monarch or peer was not childless but left a daughter as the next-in-line, as well as a pregnant widow. A posthumous brother would supplant that daughter in the succession, whereas a posthumous sister, being younger, would not. Similarly, in monarchies and noble titles that follow agnatic primogeniture, the sex of the unborn child determines the succession; a posthumous male child would himself succeed, whereas the next-in-line would succeed upon the birth of a posthumous female child. Modern complications Posthumous conception by artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization, whether done using sperm or ova stored before a parent's death or sperm retrieved from a man's corpse, has created new legal issues. When a woman is inseminated with her deceased husband's sperm, laws that establish that a sperm donor is not the legal father of the child born as a result of artificial insemination have had the effect of excluding the deceased husband from fatherhood and making the child legally fatherless. In the United Kingdom before 2000, birth records of children conceived using a dead man's sperm had to identify the infants as fatherless, but in 2000 the government announced that the law would be changed to allow the deceased father's name to be listed on the birth certificate. In 1986, a New South Wales legal reform commission recommended that the law should recognize the deceased husband as the father of a child born from post-mortem artificial insemination, provided that the woman is his widow and unmarried at the time of birth, but the child should have inheritance rights to the father's estate only if the father left a will that included specific provisions for the child. In 2001, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court was asked to consider whether the father's name should appear on the birth record for a child conceived through artificial insemination after her father's death, as well as whether that child was eligible for U.S. Social Security benefits. The court ruled in January 2002 that a child could be the legal heir of a dead parent if there was a genetic relationship and the deceased parent had both agreed to the posthumous conception and committed to support the child. Different U.S. state courts and federal appellate courts have ruled differently in similar cases. In 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Astrue v. Capato that twins born 18 months after their father's death using the father's frozen sperm were not eligible for Social Security benefits, which set a new precedent. Naming In the Middle Ages, it was traditional for posthumous children born in England to be given a matronymic surname instead of a patronymic one. This may in part explain why matronyms are more common in England than in other parts of Europe. In Ancient Rome, posthumous children of noble birth were often given the cognomen (or third name) 'Postumus.' One example is Agrippa Postumus. In Yoruba culture, posthumous children are given names that referred to the circumstances concerning the birth. Examples of this include Bàbárímisá, meaning that the Father saw (the child) and ran, Yeyérínsá, meaning that the Mother saw (the child) and ran, Ikúdáyísí (or any name with the root dáyísí, which means that death spared the child), and Ẹnúyàmí, meaning that "I was surprised," referring to the fact that the tragic death of the father, mother, or both was sudden and surprising for the family. Notable people born posthumously Antiquity Middle Ages Age of Discovery 19th century 20th century Religious and mythological people born posthumously The Bible's Old Testament mentions two named cases of posthumous children: Ashhur, youngest son of Hezron, born when his father had died when aged past 60 years. (1 Chronicles 2:21, 24) Ichabod, who was born when his mother, who subsequently died, heard news that his father Phinehas had been killed at the Battle of Aphek and paternal grandfather Eli accidentally killed afterwards. (1 Samuel 4:19–22) Parikshit, the sole survivor of the Kuru dynasty in Mahabharata, was born after his father Abhimanyu was killed in the Kurukshetra war. The Greek god Asclepius is said to have been delivered by caesarean section after his mother was killed on Mount Olympus. Fictional characters born posthumously Macduff, a character in Shakespeare's Macbeth, revealed that he was not literally born, but removed from his [dead] mother, completing a plot twist. The Irish Republican song "The Broad Black Brimmer" was about a boy whose father died before he was born. The Charles Dickens character David Copperfield was a posthumous child, whose father had died six months before he was born. Another Dickens character, Oliver Twist, was posthumous as his mother died while giving birth. On A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child, baby Jacob was born after his father Dan was killed by Freddy. In The Hunger Games series, Gale Hawthorne's sister Posy is born shortly after their father dies in a mine explosion, and Finnick Odair's son is born months after his death in battle. John Connor, a principal character in the Terminator franchise, and son of Sarah Connor and Kyle Reese (a time traveler from the future), was conceived shortly before his father was killed. As an adult, John was in fact responsible for selecting Reese (who was unaware of their relation) to go back in time. The Noughts and Crosses series character Callie-Rose Hadley is born after the execution of her father, Callum McGregor. In the British television soap opera Coronation Street, Liam Connor Jr. was born in July 2009; his father and namesake Liam Connor, was ordered murdered by Tony Gordon just a short time after Liam Jr.'s conception in October 2008. The Stephen King novel Carrie tells briefly of the parents of the titular character, Margaret and Ralph White. Ralph, a construction worker, had impregnated Margaret, only to be killed in a construction accident shortly before the birth of their daughter. In Berserk, the main character Guts is found after having been birthed by a hanging corpse. Grey's Anatomy: Derek Shepherd dies in a car accident in Season 11, nine months before the birth of his daughter. Bahubali series: Mahendra Bahubali is born shortly after his father Amarendra Bahubali is killed. Star Wars Rebels: Kanan Jarrus dies sacrificing himself while rescuing his lover Hera Syndulla who is pregnant with their son, Jacen Syndulla. In A Song of Ice and Fire, Princess Daenerys Targaryen is born months after the death of her father, King Aerys II Targaryen. Avatar series: Grace Augustine's human form was killed by Colonel Miles Quaritch, but her unconscious Avatar body was kept in stasis and later gave birth to Kiri. See also Coffin birth Maternal death Posthumous sperm retrieval References External links Posthumous Child (i.e., Born After Father's Death), Adoption.com Posthumous birth Inheritance	wiki
This page is a list of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers NFL Draft selections. The first draft the Buccaneers participated in was 1976, in which they made defensive end Lee Roy Selmon of Oklahoma their first-ever selection. Key 1976 Draft 1977 Draft 1978 Draft 1979 Draft 1980 Draft 1981 Draft 1982 Draft 1983 Draft 1984 Draft 1985 Draft 1986 Draft 1987 Draft 1988 Draft 1989 Draft 1990 Draft 1991 Draft 1992 Draft 1993 Draft 1994 Draft 1995 Draft 1996 Draft 1997 Draft 1998 Draft 1999 Draft 2000 Draft 2001 Draft 2002 Draft 2003 Draft 2004 Draft 2005 Draft 2006 Draft 2007 Draft 2008 Draft 2009 Draft 2010 Draft 2011 Draft 2012 Draft 2013 Draft 2014 Draft 2015 Draft 2016 Draft 2017 Draft 2018 Draft 2019 Draft 2020 Draft 2021 Draft 2022 Draft See also History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers List of professional American football drafts List of Tampa Bay Buccaneers first-round draft picks References Tampa Bay Buccaneers draft history at DraftHistory.com National Football League Draft history by team draft history	wiki
A news grid or media grid is a strategy used in public relations for the content and timing of communications to a mass media audience. The term is mostly associated with political communications, but grids can be used by any organisation. Government communications News grids are also used by governments in a similar way. As well as "good" news stories, "bad" news stories may also be released tactically with the aim of minimising unfavourable coverage. In the UK, Jo Moore became notorious for attempting to "bury bad news". Elections News grids are often used in election campaigns. Typically a party or candidate will wish to communicate several policy ideas to the electorate during the campaign, which may last for several weeks or months. The grid therefore separates out the timing of announcements, press conferences or photo opportunities so that each policy receives distinct attention and public awareness. References Public relations Public opinion Influence of mass media	wiki
This is a list of both legislative assemblies of the Utah Territory and the legislatures of Utah since statehood in 1896. Utah Territorial Legislature 1st - 10th Utah Legislative Assemblies 1st Utah Territorial Legislature: September 22, 1851 to February 18, 1852 2nd Utah Territorial Legislature: December 13, 1852 to January 21, 1853 3rd Utah Territorial Legislature: 1853 — 1854 5th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1855 — 1856 6th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1856 — 1857 7th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1857 — 1858 8th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1858 — 1859 9th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1859 — 1860 10th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1860 — 1861 11th - 20th Utah Legislative Assemblies 11th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1861 — 1862 12th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1862 — 1863 13th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1863 — 1864 14th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1864 — 1865 16th Utah Territorial Legislature: 1866 — 1867 17th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 13, 1868 18th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 11, 1869 19th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 10, 1870 20th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 8, 1872 21st - 31st Utah Legislative Assemblies 21st Utah Territorial Legislature: January 12, 1874 22nd Utah Territorial Legislature: January 10, 1876 23rd Utah Territorial Legislature: January 14, 1878 24th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 12, 1880 25th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 9, 1882 26th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 14, 1884 27th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 11, 1886 28th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 9, 1888 29th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 13, 1890 30th Utah Territorial Legislature: January 11, 1892 31st Utah Territorial Legislature: January 8, 1894 Utah State Legislatures 1st - 10th Utah State Legislatures 1st Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1896 — January 10, 1897 2nd Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1897 — January 8, 1899 3rd Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1899 — January 13, 1901 4th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1901 — January 11, 1903 5th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1903 — January 8, 1905 6th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1905 — January 13, 1907 7th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1907 — January 10, 1909 8th Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1909 — January 8, 1911 9th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1911 — January 12, 1913 10th Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1913 — January 10, 1915 11th - 20th Utah State Legislatures 11th Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1915 — January 7, 1917 12th Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1917 — January 12, 1919 13th Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1919 — January 9, 1921 14th Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1921 — January 7, 1923 15th Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1923 — January 11, 1925 16th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1925 — January 9, 1927 17th Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1927 — January 13, 1929 18th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1929 — January 11, 1931 19th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1931 — January 8, 1933 20th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1933 — January 13, 1935 21st - 30th Utah State Legislatures 21st Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1935 — January 10, 1937 22nd Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1937 — January 8, 1939 23rd Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1939 — January 12, 1941 24th Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1941 — January 10, 1943 25th Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1943 — January 7, 1945 26th Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1945 — January 12, 1947 27th Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1947 — January 9, 1949 28th Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1949 — January 7, 1951 29th Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1951 — January 11, 1953 30th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1953 — January 9, 1955 31st - 40th Utah State Legislatures 31st Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1955 — January 13, 1957 32nd Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1957 — January 11, 1959 33rd Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1959 — January 8, 1961 34th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1961 — January 13, 1963 35th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1963 — January 10, 1965 36th Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1965 — January 8, 1967 37th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1967 — January 12, 1969 38th Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1969 — January 10, 1971 39th Utah State Legislature: January 11, 1971 — January 7, 1973 40th Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1973 — January 12, 1975 41st - 50th Utah State Legislatures 41st Utah State Legislature: January 13, 1975 — January 9, 1977 42nd Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1977 — January 7, 1979 43rd Utah State Legislature: January 8, 1979 — January 11, 1981 44th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1981 — January 9, 1983 45th Utah State Legislature: January 10, 1983 — January 13, 1985 46th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1985 — January 11, 1987 47th Utah State Legislature: January 12, 1987 — January 8, 1989 48th Utah State Legislature: January 9, 1989 — January 13, 1991 49th Utah State Legislature: January 14, 1991 — January 17, 1993 50th Utah State Legislature: January 18, 1993 — January 15, 1995 51st - 60th Utah State Legislatures 51st Utah State Legislature: January 16, 1995 — January 19, 1997 52nd Utah State Legislature: January 20, 1997 — January 17, 1999 53rd Utah State Legislature: January 18, 1999 — January 14, 2001 54th Utah State Legislature: January 15, 2001 — January 19, 2003 55th Utah State Legislature: January 20, 2003 — January 16, 2005 56th Utah State Legislature: January 17, 2005 — January 14, 2007 57th Utah State Legislature: January 15, 2007 — January 20, 2009 58th Utah State Legislature: January 26, 2009 — January 23, 2011 2010: January 25-March 11, 2010 59th Utah State Legislature: January 24, 2011 — January 27, 2013 2011: January 24-March 10, July 27, October 3, 2011 2012: January 23-March 8, 2012 60th Utah State Legislature: January 28, 2013 — January 25, 2015 2013: January 28-March 14, 2013 2014: January 27-March 14, 2014 61st - 70th Utah State Legislatures 61st Utah State Legislature: January 26, 2015 — January 22, 2017 2015: January 26-March 12, August 19, 2015 2016: January 25-March 10, May 18, 2016 62nd Utah State Legislature: January 23, 2017 — January 28, 2019 2017: January 23-March 9, September 20, 2017 2018: January 22-March 8, 2018 63rd Utah State Legislature January 28, 2019 - January 19, 2021 2019: January 28-March 14, 2019 2020: January 27-March 12, 2020 64th Utah State Legislature January 19, 2021 - 2021: January 19-March 5, 2021 2022: January 18-March 4, 2022 65th Utah State Legislature See also List of governors of Utah History of Utah References External links Utah State Legislature Publications Utah State Legislature. Legislative History Resources Legislatures Legislature Utah	wiki
Trechus elongatulus is een keversoort uit de familie van de loopkevers (Carabidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1870 door Putzeys. elongatulus	wiki
Appuntamento a Miami (Moon Over Miami) – film del 1941 diretto da Walter Lang Moon Over Miami – brano jazz di Joe Burke e Edgar Leslie del 1935 Moon Over Miami – serie televisiva statunitense trasmessa nel 1993	wiki
Corunda is a Mexican type of tamale, but wrapped in a long corn or reed plant leaf, and folded, making a triangular shape or spherical shape. They are typically steamed until golden and eaten with sour cream (Mexican crema)and red salsa. Unlike typical tamales, they do not always have a filling. They are usually made using corn masa, salt, lard, and water. Some corundas are filled with salsa on the inside. They are commonly sold by the dozen. It is a common food in the state of Michoacán. Known since pre-Hispanic times, it is also part of the gastronomy of some neighboring states such as Guanajuato, Jalisco, Guerrero, Colima, Estado de México and Querétaro. The best known are those of manteca, wrapped in leaves from the stalk of the fresh corn plant, not in corn husks, and those of ceniza, wrapped in reed leaves. See also List of Mexican dishes List of steamed foods References Dumplings Mexican cuisine Steamed foods	wiki
Chris Wong may refer to: Chris Wong (skier) (born 1981), Canadian freestyle skier Fresh Kid Ice (1964–2017), stage name of Chris Wong Won of 2 Live Crew A placeholder name used in English language papers of the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education and its predecessor public examinations	wiki
NGC 7096 is a grand-design spiral galaxy located about 130 million light-years away in the constellation of Indus. NGC 7096 is also part of a group of galaxies that contains the galaxy NGC 7083. NGC 7096 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on August 31, 1836. See also NGC 7001 References External links Unbarred spiral galaxies Indus (constellation) 7096 67168 IC objects Astronomical objects discovered in 1836	wiki
Northern Districts cricket team may refer to: Northern Districts men's cricket team Northern Districts women's cricket team	wiki
The Banu Gómez (Beni Gómez) were a powerful but fractious noble family living on the Castilian marches of the Kingdom of León from the 10th to the 12th centuries. They rose to prominence in the 10th century as counts in Saldaña, Carrión and Liébana, and reached their apogee when, allied with Córdoba warlord, Almanzor, their head, García Gómez, expelled king Vermudo II of León and briefly ruled there. He would reconcile with the royal family, but launched two subsequent rebellions. On his death, the senior line of the family was eclipsed, but a younger branch would return to prominence, producing Pedro Ansúrez, one of the premier noblemen under king Alfonso VI and queen Urraca in the late 11th and early 12th centuries. The family would be portrayed in the Cantar de Mio Cid as rivals and antagonists of the hero, El Cid, and their rebellions would serve as a basis for the legend of Bernardo del Carpio. Origin The first documented member of the Banu Gómez was Diego Muñoz, Count in Saldaña. Two competing theories have been proposed for his parentage. Diego's patronymic, indicating his father's name was Munio, along with the family's holding of lands around Liébana led Castilian historian Justo Pérez de Urbel to suggest that his parents were the Munio Diaz and wife Gulatrudia, who appear in the documentation of San Martin de Liébana (later Santo Toribio) from the year 914. Pérez de Urbel noted in particular a 929 diploma of the widowed Gulatrudia witnessed by her children, including a Diego Muñoz. However, the other named children were all daughters, conflicting with the known family of the Saldaña Diego Muñoz, which likely included two brothers. Further, Gulatrudia's son is still found in Liébana in 964, after the reported death of the count in Saldaña. Thus, contrary to the Pérez de Urbel theory, the Liébana and Saldaña men named Diego Muñoz appear to be distinct. A second theory is now more generally accepted. It is based in part on the reasoning that for the family to be called Banu Gómez (descendants of Gómez) in Al-Andalus sources, there must have been a Gómez in their immediate ancestry when Diego's 932 rebellion attracted notice in Córdoba. This led to the hypothesis that Diego's father was the Munio Gómez (Munio, son of Gómez), who held land near San Román (Santibáñez de la Peña), one of the centers of power of Diego Muñoz and his descendants. This Munio Gómez also witnessed charters of the monastery of Sahagún in 915, while count Diego Muñoz would give lands to Sahagún in 922. Following a 920 campaign of Abd-ar-Rahman III against León, king Ordoño II launched a punitive expedition targeting the Castilian counts in the lands around Carrión who had not turned up to fight. Among those he brought back in chains were Abolmundar Albo and his son Diego. Medievalist Margarita Torres Sevilla proposed the identification of this Diego with the future count of Saldaña, and thus Abolmundar Albo with Munio Gómez, and the use of the Arabic kunya Abu al-Mundhir (, father of 'the warner') for this man suggests that he may have spent time in Córdoba, perhaps following capture in battle. She further suggests that such a captivity might explain the later alliance between the Banu Gómez and Córdoba. Others dismiss this hypothesis, and instead identify Abolmundar Albo with a count Rodrigo Díaz, known to have had a son Diego. Senior line Diego Muñoz is the first well-documented member of the Banu Gómez, and it is under him that the family first are reported by Al-Andalus chroniclers. This was in reporting a rebellion launched in 932 by the Banu Gómez and Banu Ansur, supporting the deposed former-king Alfonso against his incumbent brother, Ramiro II. Though not explicitly named, the Banu Gómez leader would have been Diego Muñoz, joining the Count of Castile, Fernando Ansúrez in a raid into the Leonese plains, where they defeated the king's army, but the rebellion came to naught, as Ramiro was able to capture and blind Alfonso and other rivals. Diego had returned to loyalty by 934, when the Banu Gómez are said to have joined Ramiro in supporting the new Castilian count, Fernán González, against a campaign by Abd ar-Rahman III, and in 936 Diego and apparent brother Osorio Muñoz witnessed one of Ramiro's diplomas. The Banu Gómez again appear with the Banu Ansur in 941, joining the royal accord between Ramiro II and his allies, and Abd ar-Rahman III. Diego Muñoz again rebelled. He disappears from royal diplomas from 940, and in 944 he and Fernán were imprisoned and deprived of their counties, but were released after swearing allegiance to the king, and he again appears as witness of royal grants, and he would be restored to his lands, appearing in 950 as Didacus Monnioz, come Saldanie (Diego Muñoz, count of Saldaña), and given a place of prominence, second only to Fernán González. He seems to have died in 951 or early 952. By his wife Tegridia, Diego had been father of sons Munio, Gómez, Osorio and Fernando Díaz, and daughters Elvira and Gontroda Díaz. Through the daughter Elvira, who married count Fernando Bermúdez of Cea, they would be grandparents of queen Jimena Fernández, wife of García Sánchez II of Pamplona. Three sons married the daughters of counts, illustrating the social standing of the family. Diego was succeeded in the county of Saldaña by his brother Gómez Muñoz, who is seen as count in 959 and 960, and on his death, his nephew Gómez Díaz, the son of Diego, followed. Gómez Díaz first appears with his parents in 940, and in 946 he married Muniadomna, daughter of his father's ally, Fernán González of Castile. Like his father, he would be a close ally of the counts of Castile, and would marry two of his children to the children of count García Fernández of Castile. He likewise allied himself with the regent, Elvira Ramírez of León, during the reign of king Ramiro III of León, the boy king who would be married to another child of Gómez, his daughter Sancha Gómez. By 977 he would be ruling in Liébana, and apparently also in Carrión, in addition to Saldaña, and the same year, he sent an embassy to Caliph Al-Hakam II at Córdoba. He likely fought in the disastrous Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz, where a coalition of Christian forces organized by Elvira was soundly defeated, a loss that led the Galician nobility to elevate a competitor for the throne, Ramiro's cousin Bermudo Ordóñez. The Banu Gómez remained allies of Ramiro, controlling armies from their own lands and the Tierra de Campos. As such, Gómez found himself excluded from court when in 985 the Galician candidate proved successful, supplanting Ramiro and taking the crown of León as Bermudo II. The next year, when Almanzor launched a military campaign against León, the army passed through Banu Gómez lands unmolested, and perhaps even launched an attack on the capitol from Gómez's county of Carrión itself, an apparent indication of a Banu Gómez/Córdoba alliance. Gómez is last seen the next year acting with his brother Osorio Díaz, and it thought to have died in 987. He was succeeded by his son, García Gómez, having further children, counts Velasco, Sancho and Munio Gómez, queen Sancha, wife of Ramiro II, and apparently Urraca, wife of Sancho García of Castile. García Gómez Count García Gómez appears as count during his father's life, and came into his patrimony as the new king, Bermudo II, struggled to hold onto his crown in the face of rebellious nobility in the east and attacks from the Caliphate of Córdoba to the south. The year after his father's death, García initiated the first of his rebellions, calling himself elaborately proconsul dux eninentor in a 988 document, before being suppressed in early 989. He had married Muniadomna González, daughter of count Gonzalo Vermúdez, and when Almanzor again marched on León in 990, García and Gonzalo, and García's uncle Osorio Díaz joined him. Bermudo was forced to flee to Galicia. García would govern the eastern part of the kingdom, including the eponymous capitol, on Córdoba's behalf, referring to himself as 'ruling in León' in 990 (imperantem Garceani Gomiz in Legione). However, by mid-year the king regained the capitol and forced García to take refuge around Liébana. In 991, the king divorced his Galician wife, Velasquita, in favor of a new marriage to the daughter of the Count of Castile, García Fernández, leading to a new rebellion headed by her kin. Her sister was wife of Gonzalo Vermúdez and mother-in-law of García, and these two, along with count Pelayo Rodríguez and a junior member of the Banu Gómez, Munio Fernández would again force Bermudo to abandon León by 992, but the next year he again was able to return and suppress the rebellion. Almanzor again attacked León in 995, but this time his army also sacked Carrión in retaliation for the withdrawal of García Gómez from an agreement to supply troops to the Córdoban army. García would again be at odds with Córdoba in 1000, when he and his brother-in-law Sancho García of Castile fought the Battle of Cervera against Almanzor. There a brother, apparently count Velasco Gómez, was killed. The deaths of Bermudo in 1000 and Almanzor in 1002 changed the political landscape, and the Banu Gómez were, at first, on friendly terms with the new child-monarch in León, and García, along with his brother count Sancho Gómez and uncle count Fernando Díaz signed a treaty with Almanzor's son Al-Muzzafar that included an agreement to supply troops. In 1005, García would incorporate Cea and Grajal into his territories, and amidst conflict with the Leonese king's guardian, count Menendo González, would claim the title 'count of León', implying another rebellion. In 1009, the Banu Gómez would support another son of Almanzor, Sanchuelo, in an unsuccessful attempt to reinstate him, and a member of the Banu Gómez would be killed with Sanchuelo in Córdoba. Historically, this has been identified with García, yet he appears in later documents so it must have been a different family member, perhaps his cousin, Fáfila Fernández or Sancho Gómez. He is last seen in 1015, and died within the next few years, the last 'great count' of the family. The possessions seem to have been dispersed among his brother, Munio Gómez, who held Liébana, having a childless marriage to a Banu Gómez kinswoman Elvira Fáfilaz, and her uncles, Munio Fernández, count in Astorga, and Diego Fernández, whose descendants would lead a resurgence of the family late in the century. Junior lines The eventual heads of the family in succession to the senior line descended from count Fernando Díaz, a younger son of Diego Muñoz and Tegridia, who obtained lands in the Tierra de Campos through a marriage to Mansuara Fáfilaz, daughter of count Fáfila Oláliz. Some of these lands around Sahagún were reclaimed from his son Diego by king Alfonso V of León following the death of García Gómez. In addition to eldest son Diego, they were parents of Fáfila, Osorio and Munio. Count Fáfila Fernández was father of two known children, a daughter, Elvira, married to the last of the senior line of the family, Munio Gómez, and a poorly-documented son, Ordoño Fáfilaz. Munio Fernández would inherit the lands of his brother Osorio, and became count in Astorga, and a rebel collaborator of García Gómez. Diego Fernández was a relatively minor nobleman under Alfonso V. His wife Marina is thought to have been a descendant of the Banu Ansur, Counts of Monzón: they named a younger son Ansur, and appear to have split the Banu Ansur lands with the Counts of Castile. He died in 1029, leaving three sons, Fernando, Ansur and Gómez. These would all be members of the pro-Navarre faction of the Leonese nobility, and are absent from court during most of the reign of Bermudo III of León. Of these, Fernando Díaz would marry Elvira Sánchez, heiress of Banu Gómez senior-line member, count Sancho Gómez, and through her apparently gained control of the family's holdings in Liébana that had been held by Sancho's widow, Toda García, who was aunt to the Pamplona queen, Muniadona of Castile. Following the death of Sancho III of Pamplona, he appears at court and is given the rank of count, but he died not long thereafter, in 1038, leaving children who were all dead without issue by 1060. His younger brother, Ansur Díaz, would be in the service of the Navarrese Count of Castile who succeeded as Ferdinand I of León. He appears as count from 1042, and died 30 September 1047, leaving sons Pedro, Diego, Gonzalo and Fernando, Pedro being born to a first wife whose identity is unknown, and at least Diego to a second wife, Justa Fernández, daughter of count Fernando Flaínez. The youngest son of Diego Fernández, Gómez Díaz, likewise appears as count in 1042, and succeeded in reacquiring most of the dispersed lands once held by the senior line of the family, receiving Liébana and Carrión following the death of his brother Fernando, and wresting Saldaña from the family of Alfonso Díaz, to whom it had passed with the extinction of the senior line of Banu Gómez. His status was further amplified by his marriage to Teresa Peláez, daughter of count Pelayo Fróilaz and Aldonza Ordóñez, a granddaughter of both of the rival kings, Ramiro III and Bermudo II. By her he had sons Fernando, Pelayo and García, and daughters María, Sancha, Aldonza (Eslonza) and Elvira. On his death, control of the family lands would pass to his eldest nephew, Pedro Ansúrez and his own branch would be briefly eclipsed. Pedro Ansúrez Pedro, son of Ansur Díaz, would reclaim the power the family previously had, becoming the most prominent Leonese nobleman of his time. He was majordomo to Alfonso VI in 1067 and first appears as count the next year. He and his brothers, Gonzalo and Fernando, are said to have accompanied Alfonso VI during his brief exile in Toledo. In 1074 was governing Santa Maria de Carrión (from which he is usually called Count of Carrión), and added San Román de Entrepeñas and probably Saldaña in 1077. In 1084 he controlled Zamora, Toro, and Tordesillas, in 1101 he added Liébana. He fell afoul of the court intrigues surrounding the sons-in-law of Alfonso VI of León and Castile, and was exiled, by 1105 appearing in the County of Urgell, where as guardian of his young grandson, count Ermengol VI, he allied the county with the Kingdom of Aragón and County of Barcelona in their joint campaign against the Almoravids. He and his brother Gonzalo appear to have been deprived of their lands in León at this time. He returned to León in 1109 and for negotiating the marriage of the dead king's heiress Urraca to Alfonso the Battler, he was restored to much of his land and his comital dignity in 1109 and would remain closely associated with Queen Urraca during subsequent years. To this he added Melgar de Arriba, Simancas, Cabezón and Torremormojón. He died in 1118. He had married Eylo Alfonso, of the Alfonsos of the Tierra de Campos, and they were tasked with moving settlers to the lands around Valladolid, of which Pedro served as governor. He and Eylo had sons Peter, who died as a child, and Fernando, who was a minor land tenant near Entrepeñas, while they had three daughters, Mayor, married to count Álvar Fáñez, María, married to Ermengol V, Count of Urgell, and Urraca. With his death, power in the family passed back to the family of his uncle and predecessor, Gómez Díaz, rather than Pedro's children or brother. The latter, Gonzalo Ansúrez first appeared as count in 1075 at Liébana, and he figures prominently in the Poema del Mio Cid. He would marry Urraca Bermúdez, daughter of count Bermudo Ovéquiz, and by her had children Pedro, Rodrigo, Cristina, and Sancha, who married count Fernando Pérez de Traba. Gonzalo died between 1120 and 1124. His half-brother, count Diego Ansúrez, inherited from his mother lands in Asturias, and would be active in the Astorga region in the 1070s, before dying in the early 1080s (perhaps 1081), leaving by his wife Tezguenza Rodríguez a sole daughter, Elvira. She died without issue. Later counts The last counts of the family of the Banu Gómez were the sons and grandsons of Gómez Díaz and Teresa Peláez. Of their children, García Gómez was educated by his maternal uncles and appears frequently at the court of Alfonso VI. He was probably killed at the Battle of Uclés in 1108. Another brother, Fernando, rarely appears, and died in 1083. It was Pelayo Gómez who would be the next family head. He married Elvira Muñoz, half-sister of count Rodrigo Muñoz, giving him a new power-base in Galicia, including an interest on the monastery of Santa Maria de Ferreira de Pallares. He died in 1101, and was interred at San Zoilo de Carrión, where his wife, children and grandchildren would also be buried. Two known sons became counts. Munio and Gómez Peláez. Gómez was a count under queen Urraca, in the 1110s, with interest in the Tierra de Campos. He died in 1118, having married Mayor García, daughter of count García Ordóñez and granddaughter of king García Sánchez III of Pamplona, having children García, Pelayo, Diego, Urraca, and Teresa. Munio Peláez first appears in the late years of Alfonso VI, in 1105. He received Monterroso in 1112, and was a count by 1115. In 1120, he defected to Queen Urraca's son, the future king Alfonso VII of León, and was imprisoned, but he was one of the more powerful Galician counts after Alfonso succeeded his mother in 1126. Munio married Lupa Pérez de Traba daughter of count Pedro Fróilaz de Traba. Munio is last seen in 1042. He and Lupa had three daughters, Elvira, Aldonza and Teresa Muňoz, wife of Fernando Odoáriz, and sons Fernando, Pedro and Bernardo. This Pedro Muñoz never achieved the status of count, and seems mostly have been closely tied to his property at Aranga. He married Teresa Rodríguez, and had children identified in a genealogy of the patrons of Santa Maria de Ferreira de Pallares. These were a son García, otherwise unknown, and a daughter Aldonza, whose marriage to Rodrigo Fernández de Toroño, alférez to the king, produced heiresses who married Gonzalo Rodríguez Girón and Martín Gómez de Silva. Astorga line In addition to the lines of the family that controlled Saldaña and Carrión, a branch of the family was briefly prominent in the late 10th and early 11th century is the area of Astorga, represented by count Munio Fernández. A younger son of count Fernando Díaz, he was a prominent landholder on the Tierra de Campos, due not only to lands that came from his mother, Mansuara Fáfilaz, but also having inherited from his brother Osorio when the latter died. He married Elvira Fróilaz, daughter of count Fruela Vela. Like his cousin, count García Gómez, he was a leader of the rebellion in 922, instigated when king Bermudo II repudiated his wife, Velasquita, to establish a new marital alliance with the counts of Castile. In alliance with Córdoba, the rebels briefly forced the king to abandon the capitol, but on his recovery of the kingdom, Bermudo deprived Munio and his co-conspirators of many of their lands. He seems to have been rehabilitated by 997, when he appears as count and was exercising judicial authority in the region of Astorga, he also had acquired rights in Cimanes de la Vega. He would hold a more prestigious position under Bermudo's successor, being count of Astorga and continually appearing among the closest circle of nobles around the king. The record is silent regarding whether he joined his cousin in his later rebellion against Alfonso V, and he only appears periodically in later years, dying between 1013 and 1016. Of his children, only a daughter, countess Sancha Muñiz, achieved similar prominence. Following the death of her first husband, Pedro Fernández, in 1028, and subsequently that of their only daughter, Elvira, Sancha controlled significant properties. She was patron of the monastery of San Antolín, and she contributed significant funds to the construction of León Cathedral. She had two subsequent marriages, to counts Pelayo Muñiz and Rodrigo Galíndez. She is perhaps best known for the illustration of her murder, by a nephew, that is illustrated in the Libro de las Estampas, and for her memorial tomb in León Cathedral. Of her sibling, eldest brother Pedro Muñiz began to appear in documents in 1002. He had a single son, Nuño Pérez, apparently the nephew implicated in Sancha's murder. Other children of Munio Fernández were daughters Teresa, successively wife of Godesteo Díaz and Pedro Fróilaz, count of Bierzo, and María, as well as an additional son, Juan Muñiz. Juan in turn had sons Juan, Alfonso, Munia, wife of Osorio Osóriz, and Munio Johannes, who was father of Pedro Muñiz and Elsonza, wife of Pedro Ovéquez, in whose descendants the inheritance of this branch seems to have been vested. Additional proposed branches In addition to the well characterized branches of the family, two other prominent families in kingdom of León have been suggested to be branches of the Banu Gómez, though in neither case has the identification been universally accepted. The first of these is the family sometimes referred to as The Alfonso, descendants of nobleman Alfonso Díaz from the Tierra de Campos at the end of the 10th and early 11th century. He married an heiress of the Banu Mirel clan, and his family became major landholders in the region over the next several generations, until each of the branches ended in the male line. The heiresses they engendered would provide major landholdings to their spouses and descendants, among whom were the Osorio, Lara, and Castro families. Likewise, the heiress of one branch, Elo Alfonso, would bring her branch's share to her husband Pedro Ansúrez, and thus contributed to the resurgence of the junior line of the Banu Gómez. The patronymic of founder Alfonso Díaz, his apparent origin in the region of Liébana, and his appearance in close proximity to the Banu Gómez in documents have led to the supposition that he represented another son of the first Banu Gómez count, Diego Muñoz. However, he does not appear among the listed children of Diego and Tegridia in any charter, and he lived to 1024, more than 70 years after Diego's death in the early 950s, making a father-son relationship extremely unlikely. The second family proposed to be descended from the Banu Gómez is that of count García Ordóñez, prominent in the reign of king Alfonso VI who as tutor of the king's son was killed along with the prince at the Battle of Uclés in 1108. He is known to have been son of the Castilian count Ordoño Ordóñez, whom tradition identifies with the son of the infantes Ordoño Ramírez and Cristina Bermúdez, both children of kings of León. However, Jaime de Salazar y Acha points out that not only does the geographical sphere of the Castilian Ordoño seem to be distinct from the landholdings of the infantes, but that the earliest accounts of the family of the two infantes give them no son named Ordoño. It was only much later, in the 13th century, when chroniclers begin to assign to them a son named Ordoño, which Salazar y Acha attributes to the misreading of earlier sources. He thought that though the career of the Castilian count demonstrates he must have been a member of the high nobility, he seems to have no connection with the infantes. Instead, Salazar y Acha proposes that the Castilian count was the son of Ordoño Fafílaz, of the junior branch of the Banu Gómez. García Ordóñez was father of count García Garcés de Aza, and likely also was father of Fernando García de Hita, founder of the powerful House of Castro that contested control of the country with the Laras during the tumultuous minority of Alfonso VIII of Castile. In legend An indication of the power and historical impact of the Banu Gómez is seen through their roles in two medieval epics of the Iberian peninsula. The tale of Bernardo del Carpio first appears in the 13th century, and relates the saga of the son of a legendary Sancho Díaz, count of Saldaña. The father had been blinded and imprisoned over his love for, and perhaps marriage to, Jimena, the sister of king Alfonso II of Asturias. Their son, Bernardo is raised by Alfonso as heir, but his attempts to get the king to release his father come to naught, and he eventually turns to rebellion and revenge. At Roncevaux he defeats a Carolingian army sent to support the Asturian monarch in exchange for Alfonso naming the Frankish king his successor. Bernardo forms an alliance with the Moors to attack León and Astorga. The presentation of Bernardo is ambivalent, in that his resistance to the foreign Carolingian armies is viewed as heroic, yet this is tempered by this traitorous collaboration with the Muslims. The epic appears to combine two distinct narratives, an Old French tale related to The Song of Roland (a variant related then dismissed by one of the earliest surviving versions instead makes Bernardo a nephew of Charlemagne, like the Roland of The Song) that would be merged with a native Iberian story involving the rebellion of the counts of Saldaña, while also drawing from the 13th century internecine disputes between the Kingdoms of León and Castile. Pick points to several parallels, geographic and thematic, between this legendary tale of a count of Saldaña and the historical fractious relationship between the senior line of the Banu Gómez and the Leonese kings. The second legendary representation of the Banu Gómez builds on the historical antagonism between Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, El Cid, and the family of count Pedro Ansúrez. The Cantar de Mio Cid tells of the marriage of the two daughters of El Cid, Elvira and Sol, to the Infantes de Carrión, Diego and Fernando González. The brothers respond to the humiliating failure of their plot to assassinate one of El Cid's allies by binding and beating their wives, and abandoning them in a forest to be eaten by wolves. They are rescued, and El Cid demands the return of their dowry, two famous battle swords, and obtains an annulment of the marriages, and sees them instead married to a prince of Navarre and a prince of Aragón. The Infantes de Carrión themselves are not historical figures. They bear a patronymic suggesting they were sons of Gonzalo Ansúrez, brother of count Pedro. However, this Gonzalo's sons included neither a Diego nor a Fernando, though he did have brothers Diego and Fernando Ansúrez, while the same names appear elsewhere among the Banu Gómez as younger sons of count Gómez Díaz. Men named Diego and Fernando González appear together in contemporary records, but there is no indication they were linked to Carrión and the Banu Gómez. The infantes are best viewed as literary constructs, composite characters intended to embody the rivalry and antagonism between El Cid and the Banu Gómez. Family tree Notes References Bibliography Spanish noble families Counts of Saldaña	wiki
A viewfinder is a device used in photography. Viewfinder may also refer to: Viewfinder (album), a 2001 album by the group Pullman Viewfinder (short story), a 1978 short story by Raymond Carver Viewfinder (Transformers), a fictional character in the Transformers universe	wiki
Compounds of lead exist with lead in two main oxidation states: +2 and +4. The former is more common. Inorganic lead(IV) compounds are typically strong oxidants or exist only in highly acidic solutions. Chemistry Various oxidized forms of lead are easily reduced to the metal. An example is heating PbO with mild organic reducing agents such as glucose. The mixture of the oxide and the sulfide heated together will also form the metal. 2 PbO + PbS → 3 Pb + SO2 Metallic lead is attacked (oxidized) only superficially by air, forming a thin layer of lead oxide that protects it from further oxidation. The metal is not attacked by sulfuric or hydrochloric acids. It dissolves in nitric acid with the evolution of nitric oxide gas to form dissolved Pb(NO3)2. 3 Pb + 8 H+ + 8 → 3 Pb2+ + 6 + 2 NO + 4 H2O When heated with nitrates of alkali metals, metallic lead oxidizes to form PbO (also known as litharge), leaving the corresponding alkali nitrite. PbO is representative of lead's +2 oxidation state. It is soluble in nitric and acetic acids, from which solutions it is possible to precipitate halide, sulfate, chromate, carbonate (PbCO3), and basic carbonate ( salts of lead. The sulfide can also be precipitated from acetate solutions. These salts are all poorly soluble in water. Among the halides, the iodide is less soluble than the bromide, which, in turn, is less soluble than the chloride. Lead(II) oxide is also soluble in alkali hydroxide solutions to form the corresponding plumbite salt. PbO + 2 OH− + H2O → Chlorination of plumbite solutions causes the formation of lead's +4 oxidation state. + Cl2 → PbO2 + 2 Cl− + 2 H2O Lead dioxide is representative of the +4 oxidation state, and is a powerful oxidizing agent. The chloride of this oxidation state is formed only with difficulty and decomposes readily into lead(II) chloride and chlorine gas. The bromide and iodide of lead(IV) are not known to exist. Lead dioxide dissolves in alkali hydroxide solutions to form the corresponding plumbates. PbO2 + 2 OH− + 2 H2O → Lead also has an oxide with mixed +2 and +4 oxidation states, red lead (), also known as minium. Lead readily forms an equimolar alloy with sodium metal that reacts with alkyl halides to form organometallic compounds of lead such as tetraethyllead. Oxides and sulfide There are three oxides known: PbO, Pb3O4 (sometimes called "minium"), and PbO2. The former has two allotropes: α-PbO and β-PbO, both with layer structure and tetracoordinated lead. The alpha allotrope is red-colored and has the Pb–O distance of 230 pm; the beta allotrope is yellow-colored and has the Pb–O distance of 221 and 249 pm (due to asymmetry). Thanks to the similarity, both allotropes can exist under standard conditions (beta with small (10−5 relative) impurities, such as Si, Ge, Mo, etc.). PbO reacts with acids to form salts, and with alkalies to give plumbites, [Pb(OH)3]− or [Pb(OH)4]2−. The dioxide may be prepared by, for example, halogenization of lead(II) salts. The alpha allotrope is rhombohedral, and the beta allotrope is tetragonal. Both allotropes are black-brown in color and always contain some water, which cannot be removed, as heating also causes decomposition (to PbO and Pb3O4). The dioxide is a powerful oxidizer: it can oxidize hydrochloric and sulfuric acids. It does not reacts with alkaline solution, but reacts with solid alkalis to give hydroxyplumbates, or with basic oxides to give plumbates. Reaction of lead with sulfur or hydrogen sulfide yields lead sulfide. The solid has the NaCl-like structure (simple cubic), which it keeps up to the melting point, 1114 °C (2037 °F). If the heating occurs in presence of air, the compounds decomposes to give the monoxide and the sulfate. The compounds are almost insoluble in water, weak acids, and (NH4)2S/(NH4)2S2 solution is the key for separation of lead from analytical groups I to III elements, tin, arsenic, and antimony. The compounds dissolve in nitric and hydrochloric acids, to give elemental sulfur and hydrogen sulfide, respectively. Heating mixtures of the monoxide and the sulfide forms the metal. 2 PbO + PbS → 3 Pb + SO2↑ Halides and other salts Heating lead carbonate with hydrogen fluoride yields the hydrofluoride, which decomposes to the difluoride when it melts. This white crystalline powder is more soluble than the diiodide, but less than the dibromide and the dichloride. No coordinated lead fluorides exist (except the unstable PbF+ cation). The tetrafluoride, a yellow crystalline powder, is unstable. Other dihalides are received upon heating lead(II) salts with the halides of other metals; lead dihalides precipitate to give white orthorhombic crystals (diiodide form yellow hexagonal crystals). They can also be obtained by direct elements reaction at temperature exceeding melting points of dihalides. Their solubility increases with temperature; adding more halides first decreases the solubility, but then increases due to complexation, with the maximum coordination number being 6. The complexation depends on halide ion numbers, atomic number of the alkali metal, the halide of which is added, temperature and solution ionic strength. The tetrachloride is obtained upon dissolving the dioxide in hydrochloric acid; to prevent the exothermic decomposition, it is kept under concentrated sulfuric acid. The tetrabromide may not, and the tetraiodide definitely does not exist. The diastatide has also been prepared. The metal is not attacked by sulfuric or hydrochloric acids. It dissolves in nitric acid with the evolution of nitric oxide gas to form dissolved Pb(NO3)2. It is a well-soluble solid in water; it is thus a key to receive the precipitates of halide, sulfate, chromate, carbonate, and basic carbonate Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2 salts of lead. Chloride complexes Lead(II) forms a series of complexes with chloride, the formation of which alters the corrosion chemistry of the lead. This will tend to limit the solubility of lead in saline media. Organolead The best-known compounds are the two simplest plumbane derivatives: tetramethyllead (TML) and tetraethyllead (TEL); however, the homologs of these, as well as hexaethyldilead (HEDL), are of lesser stability. The tetralkyl deratives contain lead(IV); the Pb–C bonds are covalent. They thus resemble typical organic compounds. Lead readily forms an equimolar alloy with sodium metal that reacts with alkyl halides to form organometallic compounds of lead such as tetraethyllead. The Pb–C bond energies in TML and TEL are only 167 and 145 kJ/mol; the compounds thus decompose upon heating, with first signs of TEL composition seen at 100 °C (210 °F). Pyrolysis yields elemental lead and alkyl radicals; their interreaction causes the synthesis of HEDL. They also decompose upon sunlight or UV-light. In presence of chlorine, the alkyls begin to be replaced with chlorides; the R2PbCl2 in the presence of HCl (a by-product of the previous reaction) leads to the complete mineralization to give PbCl2. Reaction with bromine follows the same principle. Phase diagrams of solubilities Lead(II) sulfate is poorly soluble, as can be seen in the following diagram showing addition of to a solution containing 0.1 M of Pb2+. The pH of the solution is 4.5, as above that, Pb2+ concentration can never reach 0.1 M due to the formation of Pb(OH)2. Observe that Pb2+ solubility drops 10,000 fold as reaches 0.1 M. The addition of chloride can lower the solubility of lead, though in chloride-rich media (such as aqua regia) the lead can become soluble again as anionic chloro complexes. References Bibliography See also L	wiki
The SPLM Youth League (abbreviated SPLM-YL) is a youth organization in South Sudan, the youth wing of the ruling Sudan People's Liberation Movement. As of 2017 Emmanuel Lubari Joseph is the chairperson of SPLM-YL. References Youth wings of political parties in South Sudan	wiki
Anaphia, also known as tactile anesthesia, is a medical symptom in which there is a total or partial absence of the sense of touch. Anaphia is a common symptom of spinal cord injury and neuropathy. See also Dysesthesia Hyperesthesia Hypoesthesia References Symptoms and signs of mental disorders Symptoms and signs: Nervous and musculoskeletal systems Neurological disorders Anesthesia	wiki
Mary Dawson may refer to: Mary R. Dawson, American paleontologist Mary Dawson (civil servant), Canadian civil servant Mary Cardwell Dawson (1894–1962), African-American musician and teacher Mary Elizabeth Dawson (1833–1924), New Zealand servant, farmer, environmentalist and nurse Mary Dawson, Countess of Dartrey (1854–1939), British peer Mary Elizabeth Dawson (given name), (1890–1982), American, née Elizabeth Buzby known as Mademoiselle Fifi	wiki
Shah Jahan Mosque may refer to: Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta, Pakistan Shah Jahan Mosque, Woking, England Mosque disambiguation pages	wiki
The Pedro Miguel Fault is a seismic fault that runs beneath the Panama Canal and near Panama City, home to approximately 1.2 million of Panama's approximately 3.3 million inhabitants. Seismic activity Both faults are active, cause earthquakes every 600 to 900 years, and could cause ground slippage of up to . An earthquake in 1882 caused a regional tsunami. A team of seismologists led by Tom Rockwell of San Diego State University found evidence suggesting both faults slipped simultaneously around 700 CE. Potential consequences of an earthquake The Pedro Miguel and the Limón Fault system are a concern for geologists, as a strong earthquake centered on either could damage the canal, drain the lake that supplies water for the operation of its locks, Lago Gatun, and cause severe damage in the capital. References Further reading Thomas Rockwell, et al. "Neotectonics and Paleoseismology of the Limón and Pedro Miguel Faults in Panamá: Earthquake Hazard to the Panamá Canal." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 100.6, December 2010. Online abstract. Geology of Panama Seismic faults of North America	wiki
Drowning Pool may refer to: Drowning Pool, a rock band Drowning Pool, one of their albums The Drowning Pool, a novel by Ross Macdonald The Drowning Pool, a film starring Paul Newman and directed by Stuart Rosenberg based on the novel See also Drowning pit	wiki
Genbu may refer to: Black Tortoise, a Chinese constellation symbol Genbu (YuYu Hakusho), a fictional character in the series YuYu Hakusho Genbu (Fushigi Yūgi), a fictional character in the series Fushigi Yūgi Genbu, a fictional monster in the MMORPG Final Fantasy XI. Genbu Kururugi, a fictional character in the series Code Geass Genbu, the guardian of the North Gate of The Imperial Palace in the series Accel World	wiki
Lab block is the specially formulated food fed to mice and rats kept in a laboratory. It is commonly accepted as providing all the necessary nutrients in appropriate quantity in order for the animals to remain healthy. The main ingredient in most block food is typically corn, followed by soy. Pet foods	wiki
German studies is the field of humanities that researches, documents and disseminates German language and literature in both its historic and present forms. Academic departments of German studies often include classes on German culture, German history, and German politics in addition to the language and literature component. Common German names for the field are , , and . In English, the terms Germanistics or Germanics are sometimes used (mostly by Germans), but the subject is more often referred to as German studies, German language and literature, or German philology. Modern German studies is usually seen as a combination of two sub-disciplines: German linguistics and Germanophone literature studies. German linguistics German linguistics is traditionally called philology in Germany, as there is something of a difference between philologists and linguists. It is roughly divided as follows: Old High German (Althochdeutsch) 8th – 11th centuries Middle High German (Mittelhochdeutsch) 11th – 14th centuries Early New High German (Frühneuhochdeutsch) 14th – 17th centuries Modern German (Standard German, German dialectology) 18th – 21st centuries In addition, the discipline examines German under various aspects: the way it is spoken and written, i.e., spelling; declination; vocabulary; sentence structure; texts; etc. It compares the various manifestations such as social groupings (slang, written texts, etc.) and geographical groupings (dialects, etc.). German literature studies The study of German literature is divided into two parts: Ältere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft deals with the period from the beginnings of German in the early Middle Ages up to post-Medieval times around AD 1750, while the modern era is covered by Neuere Deutsche Literaturwissenschaft. The field systematically examines German literature in terms of genre, form, content, and motifs as well as looking at it historically by author and epoch. Important areas include edition philology, history of literature, and textual interpretation. The relationships of German literature to the literatures of other languages (e.g. reception and mutual influences) and historical contexts are also important areas of concentration. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory: Fourth Edition () is printed in English but contains many German-language literary terms that apply cross-culturally in the field of literary criticism; quite a few of the in terms in the book originated in German but have since been adopted by English-language critics and scholars. German teacher education At least in Germany and Austria, German studies in academia play a central role in the education of German school teachers. Their courses usually cover four fields: Linguistics of German () German language and literature of up to about 1750 () German language and literature since approximately 1750 () Specifics of the didactics of teaching German () Several universities offer specialized curricula for school teachers, usually called "". In Germany, they are leading to a two step exam and certificate by the federated states of Germany cultural authorities, called the ("state exam"). History As an unsystematic field of interest for individual scholars, German studies can be traced back to Tacitus' Germania. The publication and study of legal and historical source material, such as Medieval Bible translations, were all undertaken during the German Renaissance of the sixteenth century, truly initiating the field of German studies. As an independent university subject, German studies was introduced at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Georg Friedrich Benecke, the Brothers Grimm, and Karl Lachmann. University departments and research institutions US Department of German Studies, University of Arizona, Tucson German Program of the Department of World Languages & Literatures, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Department of German Studies, Brown University Department of German, University of California, Berkeley Department of Germanic Languages, University of California, Los Angeles Department of German Studies, University of Cincinnati Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO Department of Germanic Languages, Columbia University Department of German Studies, Cornell University Department of German Studies, Dartmouth College Department of German, Duke University Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Harvard University Department of Germanic Studies, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Germanic Studies, Indiana University German and Scandinavian Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Department of German, Scandinavian, and Dutch, University of Minnesota Department of German, New York University Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of German, Northwestern University Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Pennsylvania Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages, Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania Department of Germanic Languages and Literature, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department of German, Princeton University Department of Germanic Studies, University of Texas at Austin Department of Classical & Modern Languages, Truman State University, Kirksville, Missouri Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee Department of Germanic and Russian, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Virginia Department of Germanics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri Department of German, Nordic, and Slavic, University of Wisconsin – Madison Department of German, Yale University Department of Linguistics & Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages, Michigan State University UK Department of German, University of Oxford Department of German, University of Cambridge Department of German, University of Manchester Department of German Studies, University of Warwick Austria Institute for German Studies (Institut für Germanistik), University of Vienna Canada Department of German Language and Literature, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Toronto China Department of German, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Haidian District, Beijing Institute of German and European Studies, Tongji University, Yangpu District, Shanghai Czech Republic Department of German and Austrian Studies, Charles University in Prague Department of German Studies, Palacký University in Olomouc India Jawaharlal Nehru University India Ireland Department of Germanic Studies, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Ireland Department of German, National University of Ireland – University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Israel Bucerius Institute for Research of Contemporary German History and Society – University of Haifa Haifa Center for German and European Studies – University of Haifa Germany "German studies" is taught at many German universities. Some examples are: Germanistisches Seminar der Universität Bonn, Institut für Germanistik, vergleichende Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Institut für deutsche Sprache und Literatur I & II, Albertus-Magnus-Universität zu Köln Institut für Germanistik I & II, Hamburg University Germanistisches Seminar, Heidelberg University Faculty of Modern Languages Institut für deutsche Philologie, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich Germanistisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Deutsches Seminar, Tübingen University Faculty of Modern Languages Greece Faculty of German Language and Literature, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of German Language and Literature, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Russia Department of Area Studies, Moscow State University South Africa School of Languages and Literatures, German Studies, University of Cape Town Spain Área de Filología Alemana, University of Salamanca See also Area studies German National Honor Society (Delta Epsilon Phi) in the US German Studies Association Germanic philology Germanisches Nationalmuseum New Objectivity Sturm und Drang Bibliography Books Atlas Deutsche Sprache [CD-ROM]. Berlin: Directmedia Publishing. 2004. Die Deutschen Klassiker (CD-ROM). Berman, Antoine: L'épreuve de l'étranger. Culture et traduction dans l'Allemagne romantique: Herder, Goethe, Schlegel, Novalis, Humboldt, Schleiermacher, Hölderlin. Paris: Gallimard, 1984. . Beutin, Wolfgang. Deutsche Literaturgeschichte. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1992. Bogdal, Klaus-Michael, Kai Kauffmann, & Georg Mein. BA-Studium Germanistik. Ein Lehrbuch. In collaboration with Meinolf Schumacher and Johannes Volmert. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 2008. Burger, Harald. Sprache der Massenmedien. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1984. Ernst, Peter. Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft. Vienna: WUV, 2004. Fohrmann, Jürgen & Wilhelm Voßkamp, eds. Wissenschaftsgeschichte der Germanistik im 19. Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1994. Hartweg, Frédéric G. Frühneuhochdeutsch. Eine Einführung in die deutsche Sprache des Spätmittelalters und der frühen Neuzeit. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 2005. Hermand, Jost. Geschichte der Germanistik. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1994. Hickethier, Knut. Film- und Fernsehanalyse. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler, 1993. Hickethier, Knut, ed. Aspekte der Fernsehanalyse. Methoden und Modelle. Hamburg: Lit, 1994. Hohendahl, Peter Uwe. German Studies in the United States: A Historical Handbook. New York: Modern Language Association of America, 2003. Kanzog, Klaus. Einführung in die Filmphilologie. Munich: Schaudig, Bauer, Ledig, 1991. Muckenhaupt, Manfred: Text und Bild. Grundfragen der Beschreibung von Text-Bild-Kommunikation aus sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1986. Prokop, Dieter: Medienprodukte. Zugänge – Verfahren – Kritik. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 1981. Schneider, Jost, ed. Methodengeschichte der Germanistik. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2009. Schumacher, Meinolf. Einführung in die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2010. Shitanda, So. "Zur Vorgeschichte und Entstehung der deutschen Philologie im 19. Jh.: Karl Lachmann und die Brüder Grimm", in Literarische Problematisierung der Moderne. Medienprodukte : Zugänge-- Verfahren-- Kritik, ed. by Teruaki Takahashi. Munich: Iudicium, 1992. Van Cleve, John W. and A. Leslie Willson. Remarks on the Needed Reform of German Studies in the United States. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1993. Journals Acta Germanica Arbitrium German Life and Letters German Studies Review The Germanic Review Germanistik Germanistik in Ireland The German Quarterly Goethe Yearbook Journal of Austrian Studies The Journal of English and Germanic Philology Journal of Germanic Linguistics Lessing Yearbook Modern Language Notes (German Issue) Monatshefte Michigan Germanic Studies New German Critique Oxford German Studies Publications of the English Goethe Society Seminar Teaching German (Unterrichtspraxis) Text+Kritik Transit Zeitschrift für interkulturelle Germanistik Zeitschrift für Germanistik References External links BUBL Link (UK-based) Catalogue of Internet Resources Concerning the German Language: https://web.archive.org/web/20060218094937/http://bubl.ac.uk/link/g/germanlanguage.htm (well organized; covers many aspects of the language and the study of it) https://web.archive.org/web/20050718171402/http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/guide/hum/german/german_net.html (University of Adelaide's categorized guide to German Area Studies online) http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wess/wesslit.html (Dartmouth's German-Studies Web links, annotated and arranged by topic) https://web.archive.org/web/20051104142631/http://libadm87.rice.edu/ref/german.cfm (Rice University's guide to German studies, including printed literature and links to German newspapers and magazines) http://www.germanistik.net/ germanistik.net (tries to get the user straight to the best sources of help; in German) Germanistik im Netz – Erlanger Liste (The 'Erlanger Liste' is currently the largest collection of links to the various aspects of G***, including such archives, publishers, etc.; in German) Literaturwissenschaft online ("Literaturwissenschaft online" Kiel University's e-learning site with live and archived lectures; free of charge; in German.) Bibliographie der Deutschen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft ("BDSL Online" is the electronic version of the largest bibliography in the field of German language and literature studies. Access to report years 1985–1995 is free of charge.) https://web.archive.org/web/20060418211215/http://www.doaj.org/ljbs?cpid=8 (DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals, Literature and Languages) https://web.archive.org/web/20060411030830/http://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/Medienprojekt/Literatur/9.med.analy.html (University of Hamburg site with media studies bibliography) Categorical list of German Departments around the world Departmental Ratings (USA) Directory of some German resources in libraries and research centers throughout California American Library Association German Studies Web Library guides University of Leeds German, Russian and Slavonic Studies University of Wisconsin-Madison German-language Humanities German culture European studies Germanic philology Humanities Germanic studies	wiki
Journeyman Pictures may refer to: Journeyman Pictures, a US based independent feature film production company founded by producer Paul Mezey Journeyman Pictures, a UK based independent film distribution company founded by former video journalist Mark Stucke	wiki
Red curry (, , , lit.: 'spicy curry') is a popular Thai dish consisting of red curry paste cooked in coconut milk with meat added, such as chicken, beef, pork, duck or shrimp, or vegetarian protein source such as tofu. Red curry paste The base Thai red curry paste (, ) is traditionally made with a mortar and pestle, and remains moist throughout the preparation process. The red coloring derived from dry red spur chillies (, ) – which is dried phrik chi fa red chilies. The main ingredients include (dried) red chili peppers, garlic, shallots, galangal, shrimp paste, salt, makrut lime leaves, coriander root, coriander seeds, cumin seeds, peppercorns and lemongrass. Today, the prepared Thai red curry pastes are available at markets produced in mass quantities, and also available in bottled jar produced by some brands. Ingredients and preparation The prepared red curry paste is cooked on a saucepan with cooking oil, to which coconut milk is added. Then the meat as protein source is added into the curry-base soup. Various kinds of meats could be made as red curry, such as chicken, beef, pork, shrimp, duck, or even exotic meats such as frog and snake meats. The most common however, are chicken, pork and beef. The meat is cut into bite-sized pieces. Common additives are fish sauce, sugar, chopped Makrut lime leaves, Thai eggplant, bamboo shoots, and Thai basil (bai horapha). Tofu, meat analogues or vegetables such as pumpkin can be substituted as a pseudo-vegetarian option, but due to the presence of shrimp paste in curry paste, substituting protein does not make the dish vegetarian. There are, however, vegetarian red curry pastes available. This dish normally has a soup-like consistency and is served in a bowl and eaten with steamed rice. Red curry paste itself is the core flavouring for a number of other dishes such thot man pla (fish cakes) and sai ua (grilled Chiang Mai sausage). See also Coconut soup Thai curry Green curry Massaman curry References External links Article About Red Curry and other Thai curries Red Curry Paste recipe Thai curries Foods containing coconut	wiki
Posthumous publication refers to material that is published after the author's death. This can be because the author died before the work was completed or while trying to find a publisher. For example, Stieg Larsson died suddenly having submitted the first two of the Millennium novel series to a publisher. Other authors desire publication not to happen until after their death. Mark Twain did not want his autobiography to be published until 100 years after his death. Posthumous publication can be controversial if it is believed that the author would not have wished the material to be published. For example, critics of a collection poems by Philip Larkin argued that many of the poems were unfinished or from early in his career, and that he would never have wished them to be made public. See also List of works published posthumously References Publishing	wiki
Fagottini (Italian: little bundles) are a form of pasta shape. They are typically pasta shapes filled with vegetables, typically steamed carrots and green beans, ricotta, onion and olive oil. Fagottini are made by cutting sheets of pasta dough into squares, placing the filling on the square, and folding the corners to meet in a point. See also List of pasta References Types of pasta	wiki
Mezepine is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) that was never marketed. See also Tricyclic antidepressant References Amines Dibenzazepines Tricyclic antidepressants Abandoned drugs	wiki
The abohm is the derived unit of electrical resistance in the emu-cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system of units (emu stands for "electromagnetic units"). One abohm corresponds to 10−9 ohms in the SI system of units, which is a nanoohm. The emu-cgs (or "electromagnetic cgs") units are one of several systems of electromagnetic units within the centimetre gram second system of units; others include esu-cgs, Gaussian units, and Heaviside–Lorentz units. In these other systems, the abohm is not one of the units. When a current of one abampere (1 abA) flows through a resistance of 1 abohm, the resulting potential difference across the component is one abvolt (1 abV). The name abohm was introduced by Kennelly in 1903 as a short name for the long name (absolute) electromagnetic cgs unit of resistance that was in use since the adoption of the cgs system in 1875. The abohm was coherent with the emu-cgs system, in contrast to the ohm, the practical unit of resistance that had been adopted too in 1875. References The McGraw Hill Dictionary Of Scientific and Technical Terms, . Units of electrical resistance Centimetre–gram–second system of units	wiki
City Centre Me'aisem () is a shopping mall located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and it is the fourth mall owned by Majid Al Futtaim Properties operating in Dubai and the sixth mall operating in the United Arab Emirates. The mall opened on 1 September 2015 and it serves as community mall located in International Media Production Zone, near the intersection of Al Khail Road and Shaikh Mohammand Bin Zayed Road. Construction The mall was built with an investment of AED 275 million by Majid Al Futtaim Group. The phase one of the mall covers the area of with the gross leasable area of . Phase 2, where the expansion of the mall may be completed by 2020. References External links Official Press Release See also Mall of the Emirates Deira City Centre Mirdiff City Centre Shopping malls in Dubai Shopping malls established in 2015	wiki
Unmeasured Strength is a 2011 memoir by Lauren Manning, a survivor of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks by Al Qaeda on New York City. The memoir was published by Henry Holt. References Books about the September 11 attacks	wiki
The common usage of the word is referenced to the several different types of equipment that are used to clean the gutter and sewage systems on a community or industrial level. Gutter cleaner may also refer to: Detergent, made to clean pipes Pipe cleaner, a short stiff cotton rod to clean a smoker's pipe, but commonly used to dislodge waste in household pipes Gully emptier, a person or machine that cleans gullies or gutters Street sweeper, a person or machine that sweeps gullies or gutters Sports Wicket-keeper, in cricket A slang term for the person who does groundskeeping in bowls and cricket, lawn tennis and athletics See also Rodding (disambiguation)	wiki
A compact van is a type of van characterized by a flat front design, mechanicals based on a compact car, an engine placed either at the rear or between and behind the front seats, and similar in size to the VW Bus. Popular in the United States during the early 1960s, they were replaced by full-size vans at the end of the decade. These large vans used body-on-frame construction and featured front engines under a short hood. Japanese microvans In Japan, vans that comply with Kei car regulations are known as microvans. Examples Dodge A100 Ford E-Series (first generation) Chevrolet Greenbrier Chevrolet Van (first and second generations) Lloyd LT 500 Gallery Vans Car body styles	wiki
Sprayed in place pipe (SIPP) technologies is a trench-less rehabilitation method used to repair existing pipelines, that involves a robotic lining system that develops and manufactures proprietary lining polymeric. SIPP is a jointless, seamless, pipe with in a pipe with the capability to rehabilitate pipes ranging in diameter of .1 to 2.8 meters. SIPP can be applied in water, sewer, gas, and chemical pipelines. References Pipelines	wiki
Mosaic theory may refer to: Mosaic theory (US law), US jurisprudence about piecemeal information gathering Mosaic theory (investments), investigative technique used in financial analysis Mosaic coevolution, geography and ecology Cultural mosaic, theory of multicultural values	wiki
The ice accretion indicator is an L-shaped piece of aluminium long by wide. It is used to indicate the formation of ice, frost or the presence of freezing rain or freezing drizzle. It is normally attached to a Stevenson screen, about above ground, but may be mounted in other areas away from any artificial heat sources. The weather station would have two on site and they would be exchanged after every weather observation. The spare indicator should always be at the outside air temperature to ensure that it is ready for use and would normally be stored inside the screen. If the observer notes the presence of ice or frost on the indicator then a remark to that effect should be sent in the next weather observation. Examples of these are 'rime icing on indicator' and 'FROIN' (frost on indicator). As the indicator is at air temperature and is kept horizontal it provides an excellent surface on which to observe freezing precipitation. See also Automated airport weather station References Meteorological instrumentation and equipment	wiki
The manga series Prison School is written and illustrated by Akira Hiramoto. It began serialization in Kodansha's Weekly Young Magazine on February 7, 2011. Yen Press licensed the series in North America; who publishes the series in omnibus volumes containing two volumes each. Volume list References External links Lists of manga volumes and chapters	wiki
Patrick Comiskey is an American wine critic and a senior correspondent for Wine & Spirits, chief critic for non-California domestic wines, and writes about wines of California, Oregon and Washington. Comiskey contributes regularly to Los Angeles Times and Zester Daily, and has been published in various periodicals such as San Francisco Chronicle, Food & Wine and Bon Appétit. Comiskey has bachelor's degrees in English and psychology from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, a master's degree from Brown University. He is a former sommelier. In June 2010 it was reported he is writing a book about the American Rhône-movement. Comiskey's book, American Rhone: How Maverick Winemakers Changed the Way Americans Drink, was published in 2016 and received favorable reviews. See also List of wine personalities References Year of birth missing (living people) Living people Wine critics	wiki
The BMW K1300S is a motorcycle introduced in October 2008. It replaced the outgoing K1200S which had been in production since September 2004. The K1300S features an increase in engine capacity of 136cc over the K1200S, an increase in power to 175 hp (130 kW), newly styled fairings and a new exhaust system. Motorcyclist tested a quarter mile time of 10.62 sec. @ 133.03 mph. Production ended in 2016. References Motorcycles introduced in 2008 K1300S Shaft drive motorcycles Vehicles discontinued in 2016	wiki
Santa Rita is one of the 4 subbarrios of Hato Rey Sur, itself one of 18 barrios of the municipality of San Juan, Puerto Rico. The office of Amnesty International in Puerto Rico is located in Santa Rita. References Hato Rey, Puerto Rico Municipality of San Juan	wiki
Pectinia is een geslacht van neteldieren uit de klasse van de Anthozoa (bloemdieren). Soorten Pectinia africana Veron, 2000 Pectinia alcicornis (Saville-Kent, 1871) Pectinia crassa Ditlev, 2003 Pectinia elongata (Rehberg, 1892) Pectinia lactuca (Pallas, 1766) Pectinia maxima (Moll & Best, 1984) Pectinia paeonia (Dana, 1846) Pectinia pygmaea Veron, 2000 Pectinia teres Nemenzo & Montecillo, 1981 Rifkoralen	wiki
Azatadine (Optimine) is a first-generation antihistamine and anticholinergic that was launched by Schering-Plough in 1973. It was patented in 1967. It has been succeeded by both loratadine and desloratadine. and marketing approvals have been widely withdrawn. See also Azatadine/pseudoephedrine References Piperidines Benzocycloheptapyridines H1 receptor antagonists Abandoned drugs 1973 introductions	wiki
Beverly Lane is 2010 comedy horror written and directed by Joshua Hull. It stars Jim O'Rear, Noah East, Raymond Kester, Donald A. Becker, James Copeland, and Mark A. Nash. East plays an office worker who must defend himself against zombies, unhelpful co-workers, and annoying party entertainers. Plot On his first day at a new job at a local metal company, Andy attends the boring retirement party of a manager. The party includes clowns, mimes, and magicians, all of whom are eccentric and annoy the office workers, who are soon put into an even worse situation when zombies attack the building. Cast Jim O'Rear as Adam Cadabra Noah East as Andy Raymond Kester as Terry Donald A. Becker as Steve James Copeland as Ronnie Mark A. Nash as Scotty Martin Stapleton as Bübbles The English Clown Production Beverly Lane was financed entirely by director Joshua Hull and producer/co-star Jim Dougherty. The film was shot in four days, and they needed to shoot 20 pages a day in order to stay on schedule. Jim O'Rear heard about the film and joined about a month prior to filming. The film was originally envisioned as a web series, but they decided that the story was better suited to a feature film. The first day of filming was March 13, 2010, and it included use of local Indiana locations, such as a scrap yard. Release On October 29, 2010, Beverly Lane premiered in Noblesville, Indiana. It included a costume contest and prizes. It was released on DVD October 25, 2011. It also played at Gen Con in 2011. Reception Mark L. Miller of Ain't It Cool News wrote, "I must admit some of the deliveries are amateurish, but as I said above this film has a fun spirit, keeps things darkly humorous throughout, and is actually a lot of fun to watch as long as you aren't expecting an Oscar-winning film." Awards Beverly Lane won Best Horror Film at the GIF Festival and five Golden Cob awards, including Best Emerging Filmmaker for Hull. References External links 2010 films American comedy horror films American independent films American zombie comedy films 2010 comedy horror films Direct-to-video horror films Films shot in Indiana Films set in Indiana 2010 independent films 2010s English-language films 2010s American films English-language comedy horror films	wiki
A Different Beat may refer to: A Different Beat (Gary Moore album), 1999 A Different Beat (Boyzone album), 1996 "A Different Beat" (song), 1996 "A Different Beat", a 2013 song by Little Mix from Salute	wiki
Margarita – miasto w Kolumbii Margarita – wyspa u wybrzeży Wenezueli Margarita – miejscowość i gmina we Włoszech margarita – rodzaj drinka	wiki
Forgotten Faces may refer to: Forgotten Faces (1928 film), American silent drama Forgotten Faces (1936 film), American sound remake of above Forgotten Faces (1946 film), Greek film Forgotten Faces (1952 film), Mexican film	wiki
L’acétoacétyl-coenzyme A, abrégée en acétoacétyl-CoA, est le thioester de l'acide acétylacétique avec la coenzyme A. Elle est issue de l' par action de l'acétyl-CoA C-acétyltransférase, ou , et donne l' sous l'action de l' synthase dans la voie du mévalonate, essentielle à la biosynthèse du cholestérol. Elle joue un rôle semblable dans la biosynthèse des corps cétoniques par le foie (cétogenèse). Dans la biosynthèse de la leucine, elle dérive de l'HMG-CoA par la réaction inverse de celle catalysée par l'HMG-CoA synthase dans la voie du mévalonate. Notes et références Thioester de la coenzyme A Dicétone	wiki
Lake Markakol (, Marqaköl; , ozero Markakol') is a lake and popular tourist destination in East Kazakhstan. The lake is fed with small rivers and streams. Its coasts are cut up by gulfs. It is the largest lake in the Katonkaragay District of East Kazakhstan Region. Its main outflow is the Kalzhyr, a tributary of the Irtysh. There have been more than 700 species of higher plants recorded in this area. Gallery References Lakes of Kazakhstan Altai Mountains East Kazakhstan Region LMarkakol South Siberian Mountains	wiki
Chippewa Boots, originally known as Chippewa Shoe Manufacturing Company, is an American manufacturer of footwear, principally men's work and recreational boots. It also manufactures a limited line of heavy and casual shoes, and some women's footwear. It was founded in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, in 1901. Acquisition In 1984 it was acquired by Justin Brands, which was in turn acquired by Berkshire Hathaway in August 2000. Other companies under Justin Brands include Justin Boots, Justin Original Workboots, Nocona Boots, and Tony Lama Boots. References External links Waterproof Work Boots Custom Wood Boot Jack Boots Manufacturing companies based in Wisconsin Shoe companies of the United States Berkshire Hathaway	wiki
Robert Barker may refer to: Politicians Robert Barker (MP for Ipswich) (died 1571), English MP for Ipswich Robert Barker (MP for Thetford), English MP for Thetford Robert Barker (MP for Colchester) (1563–1618), English MP for Colchester Robert Barker (died 1618), English MP for Ipswich Sir Robert Barker, 1st Baronet (1732–1789), British Army officer and politician Robert Hewitt Barker (1887–1961), British businessman and politician Robert L. Barker (died 2010), North Carolina State Senator Others Robert Barker (footballer) (1847–1915), English footballer who played for England Robert Barker (painter) (1739–1806), English painter Robert Barker (physician) (died 1745), British physician and inventor Robert Barker (printer) (died 1645), English printer Robert Lee Barker (born 1937), American psychotherapist, author, editor, and professor of social work Bob Barker (born 1923), American game show host Bootie Barker (born 1971), crew chief in the NASCAR Sprint Cup stock car racing series	wiki
Fameal is a general word for a food product, used by Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), in programs to feed the hungry as a part of the Agricultural Act of 1949. The food product is made up of a wheat-soy meal blend or a cornmeal-soy blend (WSB or CSB, corn soy blend). This food is distributed, often aided by volunteers, in the Caribbean and West Africa. Typical usage A premade mix of fameal is extrusion cooked for usage under primitive conditions. In this form, the meal is eaten as a thin paste or thickened and made into dumplings or bread. The taste is sometimes described as "foody" and some consider it delicious. The cooked product can be added to soups and casseroles or made into cookies. Nutritional components The general measures of fameal are: 50% (by volume) Cornmeal or Wheat Meal. 30% (by volume) Bean meal, of any kind, including soy. Lentils are sometimes used due to ease of grinding and fast cooking. 10% (by volume) Cooking Oil. Any cooking oil works. 10% (by volume) Sugar, honey, syrup, or similar sweetener. Salt for taste. Multi-vitamin powder, or multi-vitamins ground to a meal. The fameal is a powder which can be mixed slowly with boiling water (three cups of water per cup of meal). Once boiling, remove heat, cover, and allow to cook for 10 minutes. Alternatively, the meal can be used as a flour replacement for baking, similar to cornbread, or as a cake mix. CSB Plus - formula ingredients percentage (by weight): Corn (white or yellow) 78.47 Whole soybeans 20 Vitamin/Mineral 0.20 Tri-Calcium Phosphate 1.16 Potassium chloride 0.17 Nutritional value per 100g dry matter: a. Energy: 380 kcal minimum b. Protein: 14.0% (N x 6.25) minimum c. Fat: 6.0% minimum d. Crude Fiber: 5.0% maximum References Food preparation Famines	wiki
Video Graphics Array is a graphics standard for personal computers and associated connectors. VGA may also refer to: Computers VGA (resolution), 640×480 graphics display resolution VGA connector Technology Spike Video Game Awards, a now discontinued awards show much like MTV Video Music Awards focused on video games The Game Awards, a video game awards show. Variable-gain amplifier, a type of amplifier that varies gain based on some control voltage Variable gauge axle, a multiple gauge solution used between incompatible railways Other Virginia General Assembly Vijayawada Airport	wiki
Camponotus compressus is a type of ground-nesting species of ant found in India and Southeast Asia. It is a frequent visitor to toilets as it consumes urea. It is one of the many species which tends plant-sap-sucking insects like aphids and tree hoppers. They add nutrients into the soil through their discarded waste piles These ants stroke their antenna on the hind parts of these insects stimulating them to excrete a sugar rich liquid, called honeydew, which the ants consume. In return, they are known to protect the insects from predators like ladybugs. References External links compressus Hymenoptera of Asia Insects described in 1787	wiki
A snow gauge is a type of instrument used by meteorologists and hydrologists to gather and measure the amount of solid precipitation (as opposed to liquid precipitation, which is measured by a rain gauge) over a set period of time. History The first use of snow gauges were precipitation gauges that was widely used in 1247 during the Southern Song dynasty to gather meteorological data. The Song Chinese mathematician and inventor Qin Jiushao records the use of gathering rain and snowfall measurements in the Song mathematical treatise Mathematical Treatise in Nine Sections. The book discusses the use of large conical or barrel-shaped snow gauges made from bamboo situated in mountain passes and uplands, which are speculated to be first referenced to snow measurement. Description The snow gauge consists of two parts: a copper catchment container; and the funnel-shaped gauge itself. The actual gauge is mounted on a pipe outdoors and is approximately in height, while the container is in length. Measurement procedure When snow is collected, the container is removed and replaced with a spare one. The snow is then melted while it is still in the container, and then poured into a glass measuring graduate. While the depth of snow is normally measured in centimetres, the measurement of melted snow (water equivalent) is in millimetres. An estimate of the snow depth can be obtained by multiplying the water equivalent by a factor of 10. This multiplier can vary over a wide range, however, with many citing a range from 5 to 30, while the National Snow and Ice Data Center has quoted a range as wide as from 3 to 100. Any proposed factor depends on the water content of the snow (how "dry" it is), so this at best provides only a rough estimate of snow depth. Issues The snow gauge suffers from the same problem as that of the rain gauge when conditions are windy. If the wind is strong enough, then the snow may be blown across the wind gauge, and the amount of snow fallen will be under-reported. However, due to the shape and size of the funnel, this is a minor problem. If the wind is very strong and a blizzard occurs, then extra snow may be blown into the gauge, and the amount of snow fallen will be over-reported. In this case the observer must judge how much of the water is from snow blown into the container and how much is fallen snow. Another problem occurs when both snow and rain fall before the observer has time to change the gauge. In all of these cases the observer must judge how much of the water is snow and how much is rain. Other snow gauges Automated Remote reading gauges, such as used by weather stations, work similarly to rain gauges. They have a large catch area (such as a drum sawn in half, top to bottom) which collects snow until a given weight is collected. When this critical weight is reached, it tips and empties the snow catch. This dumping trips a switch, sending a signal. The collection then repeats. If the catch container has a heater in it, it measures the snow weight accurately. It is also possible to tip based on volume instead of weight, with appropriate fill sensing. Snow pillow Another snow sensor called a snow pillow looks like a round bag lying on the ground. Inside the pillow is a liquid such as an environmentally safe antifreeze. Usually the snow pillow will be connected to a manometer. The manometer reading will vary based on how much snow is sitting on the pillow. This type of sensor works well for many locations but is more difficult to use in areas of hard blowing snow. References External links Chinese inventions Meteorological instrumentation and equipment Snow Hydrology instrumentation	wiki
Conservation and restoration of vehicles may refer to: Conservation and restoration of aircraft Conservation and restoration of rail vehicles Conservation and restoration of road vehicles Conservation and restoration of watercraft, preservation and care of ships and boats often undertaken by historical societies and maritime museums	wiki
The bow and arrow sign is an endoscopic sign for determining the location of the ileocecal valve during colonoscopy. Identifying the ileocecal valve in a colonoscopy is important, as it indicates that the entire colon has been visualized. The identifiable landmarks in the cecum are the appendiceal orifice—which is a curvilinear indent indicating the location of the appendix from the lumen of the bowel—and the ileocecal valve, which appears as a puckering in the most distal fold of the cecum. The bow and arrow sign uses the curve of the appendiceal orifice to point toward the direction of the ileocecal valve, as if it were a bow guiding an arrow. The colonoscope can be passed in this direction in order to enter the terminal ileum. This is used as one of two identifiable landmarks of the colon (the other being the anus), and signifies that the entire colon has been visualized. References Gastroenterology	wiki
The Samsung Galaxy A20 is an Android smartphone developed by Samsung Electronics, launched in April 2019. It runs on the Android 9 (Pie) operating system with One UI. The Galaxy A20 model has 32GB internal storage, 3GB RAM, and a 4000 mAh battery. It is a successor to the previous smartphone models by Samsung, Galaxy J6 and Galaxy A6. Discontinued On January 16. 2023. Specifications Hardware The Samsung Galaxy A20 has a 6.4-inch HD+ Super AMOLED Infinity-V Display with a 720 x 1560 resolution. The phone measures 158.4 X 74.7 X 7.8 mm and weighs 169 g. It is powered by an Octa-core (2x1.6 GHz Cortex-A73 & 6x1.35 GHz Cortex-A53) CPU and a Mali-G71 MP2 GPU. It has 32 GB internal storage which can be expanded up to 512 GB via MicroSD. The Galaxy A20 also has 3GB RAM a non-removable 4000 mAh battery with a dual Nano sim card slot. Software The Samsung Galaxy A20 runs on Android 9 (Pie) with Samsung's custom skin One UI. The device is upgradable to Android 11. See also Samsung Galaxy Samsung Galaxy A series Samsung Galaxy J series References External links https://www.samsung.com/levant/smartphones/galaxy-a-series/a20/ Samsung smartphones Samsung Galaxy Android (operating system) devices Mobile phones introduced in 2019 Mobile phones with multiple rear cameras	wiki
Normichthys is a genus of tubeshoulder fish, named for the ichthyologist John Roxborough Norman. Species There are currently three recognized species in this genus: Normichthys herringi Sazonov & Merrett, 2001 Normichthys operosus A. E. Parr, 1951 (Multipore searsid) Normichthys yahganorum Lavenberg, 1965 References Platytroctidae Ray-finned fish genera	wiki
The following is a list of astronomical observatory software. Commercial software MaximDL XEphem Non-commercial software See also Space flight simulation game List of space flight simulation games Planetarium software observatory software	wiki
The Greener Yard is a 1949 animated short film featuring Donald Duck. It was released by Walt Disney Productions. Plot Bootle Beetle lives next door to Donald Duck. He explains to a younger beetle the dangers of Donald's garden by tell the stories of his battles with Donald. Voice cast Clarence Nash as Donald Duck Dink Trout as Bootle Beetle Florence Gill as the hens Home media The short was released on December 11, 2007 on Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume Three: 1947-1950. References External links 1949 films 1949 animated films 1940s Disney animated short films Donald Duck short films Films produced by Walt Disney Films scored by Oliver Wallace	wiki
Water War can refer to: Water conflict, a war waged over water resources Water fight, when people use water to splash at each other Naval warfare, when war takes place not on land but on the water See also War over Water (disambiguation)	wiki
Type 5 may refer to: Type 5 cannon, a World War II cannon for aircraft Type 5 15 cm AA Gun Type 5 45 mm AT Recoilless Gun Type 5 Chi-Ri, a tank Type 5 Ke-Ho, a tank Type 5 Rifle Type 5 To-Ku, a tank CGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 Hyper IgM Syndrome Type 5 PDE5 inhibitor Peugeot Type 5 Dietrich-Bugatti, type 5 automobile Kawasaki Ki-100, a Japanese land based fighter aircraft of World War II British Railways Type 5 Diesel locomotives	wiki
Season 10 of the American competitive reality television series Hell's Kitchen premiered on June 4, 2012 on Fox and concluded on September 10, 2012. Chef de Cuisine Christina Wilson won the season and received a head chef position at Gordon Ramsay Steak at the Paris Las Vegas in the Las Vegas suburb of Paradise, Nevada. Gordon Ramsay returned as head chef, Scott Leibfried and Andi van Willigan returned as sous chefs and James Lukanik returned as the maître d'. Production and development This season saw an alteration to the show's format, with many episodes now being two-parters, depicting the team challenge and reward/punishment one night, followed by service and elimination the following night. This is the first and only season to date where one challenge produced no winner and both teams faced punishment. Chefs 18 chefs competed in season 10. Full names per official site. Notes Contestant progress Episodes Notes References Hell's Kitchen (American TV series) 2012 American television seasons	wiki
Snow Hill railway station may refer to: Birmingham Snow Hill railway station Holborn Viaduct railway station, a former railway station in London, part of which was previously known as Snow Hill St Helier (Snow Hill) railway station, a former railway station on Jersey in the Channel Islands	wiki
Let's Join Joanie is an unaired TV pilot produced in 1950 at CBS Columbia Square in Hollywood as a proposed live weekly (or bi-weekly) series, based on their radio show Leave It To Joan. Today, it is best remembered for its star, Joan Davis, who would later star in the popular 1952–1955 sitcom I Married Joan. Episode status The pilot is currently in the public domain. It was released on Region 1 DVD by Alpha Video on January 29, 2008. External links Television pilots not picked up as a series Unaired television pilots Black-and-white American television shows	wiki
Elizabeth Bennet is the protagonist in the 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. She is often referred to as Eliza or Lizzy by her friends and family. Elizabeth is the second child in a family of five daughters. Though the circumstances of the time and environment push her to seek a marriage of convenience for economic security, Elizabeth wishes to marry for love. Elizabeth is regarded as the most admirable and endearing of Austen's heroines. She is considered one of the most beloved characters in British literature because of her complexity. Austen herself described Elizabeth as "as delightful a creature as ever appeared in print." Background Elizabeth is the second eldest of the five Bennet sisters of the Longbourn estate, situated near the fictional market village of Meryton in Hertfordshire, England. She is 20 years old by the middle of the novel. Elizabeth is described as an intelligent young woman, with "a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous". She often presents a playful good-natured impertinence without being offensive. Early in the novel, she is depicted as being personally proud of her wit and her accuracy in judging the social behaviour and intentions of others. Her father is a landowner, but his daughters cannot inherit because the estate is entailed upon the male line (it can only be inherited by male relatives). Upon Mr Bennet's death, Longbourn will therefore be inherited by his cousin and nearest male relation, Mr William Collins, a clergyman for the Rosings Estate in Kent owned by Lady Catherine de Bourgh. This future provides the cause of Mrs Bennet's eagerness to marry her daughters off to wealthy men. Elizabeth is her father's favourite, described by him as having "something more of quickness than her sisters". In contrast, she is the least dear to her mother, especially after Elizabeth refuses Mr Collins' marriage proposal. Her mother tends to contrast her negatively with her sisters Jane and Lydia, whom she considers superior in beauty and disposition, respectively, and fails to understand her husband's preference. Elizabeth is often upset and embarrassed by her mother's and three younger sisters' impropriety and silliness. Within her neighbourhood, Elizabeth is considered a beauty and a charming young woman with "fine eyes", to which Mr Darcy is first drawn. Darcy is later attracted more particularly to her "light and pleasing" figure, the "easy playfulness" of her manners, her mind and personality, and eventually considers her "one of the handsomest women" in his acquaintance. Analysis From the beginning, opinions have been divided on the character. Anne Isabella Milbanke gave a glowing review of the novel, while Mary Russell Mitford criticizes Elizabeth's lack of taste. The modern exegetes are torn between admiration for the vitality of the character and the disappointment of seeing Elizabeth intentionally suppress her verve and submit, at least outwardly, to male authority. In Susan Fraiman's essay "The Humiliation of Elizabeth Bennett", the author criticises the fact that Elizabeth must forgo her development as a woman in order to ensure the success of "ties among men [such as her father and Darcy] with agendas of their own". The Bennet sisters have only a relatively small dowry of £1,000; and as their family's estate will pass out of their hands when their father dies, the family faces a major social decline, giving the Bennet girls only a limited time in which to find a husband. About feminist criticism of the character, the French critic Roger Martin du Gard wrote that the primary purpose of Austen was to provide jouissance (enjoyment) to her readers, not preach, but the character of Elizabeth is able to manoeuvre within the male-dominated power structure of Regency England to assert her interests in a system that favours her father, Mr Darcy, and the other male characters. Gard noted that the novel hardly glorifies patriarchy since it is strongly implied that it was the financial irresponsibility of Mr Bennet that has placed his family in a precarious social position. Furthermore, it is Elizabeth who criticises her father for not doing more to teach her sisters Lydia and Catherine the value of a good character, which Mr Bennet disregards, leading to Lydia's eloping with Wickham. Unlike the more superficial and/or selfish characters like Lydia, Wickham, Mr Collins, and Charlotte, who regard marriage as a simple matter of satisfying their own desires, for the more mature Elizabeth marriage is the cause of much reflection and serious thought on her part. The British literacy critic Robert Irvine stated that the reference in the novel to the militia being mobilised and lacking sufficient barracks, requiring them to set up camps in the countryside dates the setting of the novel to the years 1793–1795 as the militia was mobilised in 1793 after France declared war on Great Britain and the last of the barracks for the militia were completed by 1796. Irvine argued that a central concern in Britain in the 1790s, when Austen wrote the first draft of Pride and Prejudice under the title First Impressions was the need for British elites, both national and regional to rally around the flag in face of the challenge from revolutionary France. It is known that Austen was working on First Impressions by 1796 (it is not clear when she began working on the book) and finished off First Impressions in 1797. Irvine states that the character of Elizabeth is clearly middle-class, while Mr Darcy is part of the aristocracy. Irvine wrote "Elizabeth, in the end, is awed by Pemberly, and her story ends with her delighted submission to Darcy in marriage. It is gratitude that forms the foundation of Elizabeth Bennet's love for Fitzwilliam Darcy: caught in a reciprocal gaze with Darcy's portrait at Pemberly, impressed with the evidence of his social power that surrounds her, Elizabeth 'thought of his regard with a deeper sentiment of gratitude than it had ever raised before' ... Elizabeth's desire for Darcy does not happen despite the difference in their social situation: it is produced by that difference, and can be read as a vindication of the hierarchy which constructs that difference in the first place". Irvine observes that Darcy spends about half his time in London while for people in Meryton London is a stylish place that is very far away, observing that a key difference is when one of the Bennet family is ill, they use the services of a local apothecary while Mr Darcy calls upon a surgeon from London. In this regard, Irvine argued that the marriage of Elizabeth and Darcy stands for the union of local and national elites in Britain implicitly against the challenge to the status quo represented by the French Republic. By contrast, the American scholar Rachel Brownstein argued that Elizabeth rejects two offers of marriage by the time she arrives at Pemberley, and notes in rejecting Mr Collins that the narrator of the novel paraphrases the feminist Mary Wollstonecraft that Elizabeth cannot love him because she is "a rational creature speaking the truth from her heart". Brownstein notes that it is reading Darcy's letter following her first rejection of him that leads her to say "Till this moment, I never knew myself". Brownstein further states that Austen has it both ways in depicting Elizabeth as she uses much irony. After Elizabeth rejects Darcy and then realizes she loves him, she comments "no such happy marriage could now teach the admiring multitude what connubial felicity really was" as if she herself is aware that she is a character in a romance novel. Later, she tells Darcy in thanking him for paying off Wickham's debts and ensuring Lydia's marriage that they might be in the wrong, "for what become of the moral, if our comfort springs from a breach of promise, for I ought not to have mentioned the subject?". Brownstein argues that Austen's ironical way of depicting Elizabeth allows her to present her heroine as both a "proto-feminist" and a "fairy-tale heroine". At one point, Elizabeth says: "I am resolved to act in that manner, which will, in my own opinion, constitute my happiness, without reference to you, or to any other person wholly unconnected with me". The American scholar Claudia Johnson wrote that this was a surprisingly strong statement for a female character in 1813. Likewise, Elizabeth does not defer to the traditional elite, saying of Lady Catherine's opposition to her marrying Darcy: "Neither duty nor honor nor gratitude have any possible claim on me, in the present instance. No principle of either, would be violated by my marriage with Mr Darcy". In the same, Elizabeth defends her love of laughter as somewhat life-improving by saying: "I hope I never ridicule what is wise or good". Elizabeth regards herself as competent to judge what is "wise and good", and refuses to let others dictate to her what she may or may not laugh at, making her one of the most individualistic of Austen heroines. However, Johnson noted that Austen hedged her bets here, reflecting the strict censorship imposed in Britain during the wars with France; Elizabeth reaffirms her wish to be part of the elite by marrying Darcy, instead of challenging it, as she says: "He is a gentleman; I am a gentleman's daughter; so far we are equal." In the same way Austen avoids the issue of filial obedience – questioning of which would have marked her out as a "radical" – by having Mrs Bennet tell her daughter she must marry Collins where her father says she must not. However, the way in which both Elizabeth's parents are portrayed as, if not bad parents, then at least not entirely good parents, implies that Elizabeth is more sensible and able to judge people better than both her mother and father, making her the best one to decide who her husband should be. Reflecting her strong character, Elizabeth complains that Bingley is a "slave of his designing friends", noting for all his pleasantness that he does not have it in him to really stand up for himself; Johnson wrote the "politically potent metaphor" of describing Bingley as a "slave" was a potential reflection of Austen's abolitionist sentiments. Susan Morgan regards Elizabeth's major flaw to be that she is "morally disengaged" – taking much of her philosophy from her father, Elizabeth observes her neighbours, never becoming morally obligated to make a stand. Elizabeth sees herself as an ironic observer of the world, making fun of those around her. Elizabeth's self-destination is one of skepticism and opposition to the world around her, and much of the novel concerns her struggle to find her own place in a world she rejects. At one point, Elizabeth tells Darcy: "Follies and nonsense, whims and inconsistencies do divert me, I own, and I laught at them whenever I can". Though Elizabeth is portrayed as intelligent, she often misjudges people around her because of her naivety – for example, misunderstanding the social pressures on her friend Charlotte to get married, being taken in completely for a time by Wickham and misjudging Darcy's character. After hearing Wickham's account disparaging Darcy's character, and being advised by her sister Jane not to jump to conclusions, Elizabeth confidently tells her "I beg your pardon – one knows exactly what to think". However, Elizabeth is able to see, albeit belatedly, that Wickham had misled her about Darcy, admitting she was too influenced by "every charm of air and address". Gary Kelly argued that Austen as the daughter of a Church of England minister would have been very familiar with the Anglican view of life as a "romantic journey" in which God watches over stories of human pride, folly, fall and redemption by free will and the ability to learn from one's mistakes. Kelly argued that aspects of the Anglican understanding of life and the universe can be seen in Elizabeth, who, after rejecting Darcy and then receiving his letter explaining his actions, rethinks her view of him, and comes to understand that her pride and prejudice had blinded her to who he really was, marking the beginning of her romantic journey of "suffering and endurance" that ends happily for her. After seeing Pemberley, Elizabeth realizes Darcy's good character, and sees a chance to become part of society without compromising her values. At Pemberley, Elizabeth sees the "whole scene" from one viewpoint and then sees the "objects were taking different positions" from another viewpoint while remaining beautiful, which is a metaphor for how her subjectivity had influenced her view of the world. Like other Austen heroines, Elizabeth likes to escape into the gardens and nature in general when under pressure. For Austen, gardens were not only places of reflection and relaxation, but also symbols of femininity and of England. The American scholar Alison Sulloway wrote: "Austen had seen and suffered enough causal exploitation so that she took the pastoral world under her tender but unobtrusive fictional protection, just as she felt protective towards human figures under the threat of abuse or neglect". Beyond that, Napoleon had often talked of a desire to make England's fair gardens and fields his own, speaking as if England "...was a mere woman, ripe for his exploitation", so for Austen, the beauty of the English countryside served as a symbol of the England her brothers serving in the Royal Navy were fighting to protect. Elizabeth's connection with nature leads to appreciate the beauty of Pemberley, which allows hers to see the good in Darcy. Notably, Elizabeth is not guided by financial considerations, and refuses to seek favour with the wealthy aristocrat Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Despite Mr Darcy's wealth, Elizabeth turns down his first marriage proposal and only accepts him after she realises that she loves him. Johnson wrote that given the values of Regency England, it was inevitable and expected that a young woman should be married, but Elizabeth makes it clear that what she wants is to marry a man she loves, not just to be married to somebody, which was a quietly subversive message for the time. In the early 19th century, there was a genre of "conduct books" settling out what were the rules for "propriety" for young women, and the scholar Mary Poovey argued in her 1984 book The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer, which examined the "conduct books", that one of the main messages was that a "proper young lady" never expresses any sexual desire for a man. Poovey argued that in this context, Elizabeth's wit is a merely her way of defending herself from the rules of "propriety" set out by the conduct books as opposed to being a subversive force. In this regard, Poovey argued that Austen played it safe by having Elizabeth abandon her wit when she falls in love with Darcy, taking her struggle into effort to mortify Darcy's pride instead of seeking him out because she loves him. The conduct books used a double meaning of the word modesty, which meant both to be outwardly polite in one's conduct and to be ignorant of one's sexuality. This double meaning of modesty placed women in a bind, since any young woman who outwardly conformed to expectations of modesty was not really modest at all, as she was attempting to hide her awareness of sexuality. In the novel, when Elizabeth rejects Mr Collins's marriage proposal, she explains she is being modest in rejecting an offer from a man she cannot love, which leads her to be condemned for not really being modest. Mr Collins often cites one of the more popular "conduct books", Sermons to Young Women, which was published in 1766, but was especially popular in the decades from 1790 to 1810. Unlike the conduct books which declared that women should look back on the past as a way of self-examination, Elizabeth says: "Think only of the past as its remembrance gives you pleasure". Johnson wrote that changes in expectations for women's behavior since Austen's time has led many readers today to miss "Elizabeth's outrageous unconventionality" as she breaks many of the rules for women set out by the "conduct books". Johnson noted that Collins approvingly quotes from Sermons to Young Women that women should never display any "briskness of air and levity of deportment", qualities that contrasted strongly with Elizabeth who has "a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous". The liveliness of Elizabeth also extends to the physical sphere, as she displays what Johnson called "an unladylike athleticism". Elizabeth walks for miles, and constantly jumps, runs and rambles about, which was not considered conventional behavior for a well-bred lady in Regency England. The narrator says that Elizabeth's temper is "to be happy", and Johnson wrote that her constant joy in life is what "makes her and her novel so distinctive". Johnson wrote: "Elizabeth's relationship with Darcy resonates with a physical passion...The rapport between these two from start to finish is intimate, even racy". Johnson wrote that the way in which Elizabeth and Darcy pursue each other in secret puts their relationship "on the verge of an impropriety unique in Austen's fiction". Many of the remarks made by Elizabeth to Darcy such as "Despise me if you dare" or his "I am not afraid of you" resound with sexual tension, which reflected "Austen's implicit approval of erotic love". An unconventional character In her letter to Cassandra dated 29 January 1813, Jane Austen wrote: "I must confess that I think her as delightful a creature as ever appeared in print, and how I shall be able to tolerate those who do not like her at least I do not know". Austen herself wrote to Cassandra about one fan of her books that "Her liking Darcy & Elizth is enough". The book notes that "Follies and nonsense, whims and inconsistencies" are what delight Elizabeth, which Brownstein noted also applied to Austen as well. This mix of energy and intelligence, and her gaiety and resilience make Elizabeth a true Stendhal heroine according to Tony Tanner, and he adds that there are not many English heroines that we can say that of. Elizabeth Bowen, however, found her charmless, whilst to Edmund Crispin's fictional detective Gervase Fen she and her sisters were "intolerable...those husband-hunting minxes in Pride and Prejudice". In popular culture The character of Elizabeth Bennet, marked by intelligence and independent thinking, and her romance with the proud Mr. Darcy have carried over into various theatrical retellings. Helen Fielding's novel Bridget Jones's Diary, as well as the film series of the same name, is a modern adaptation of Pride and Prejudice, with Elizabeth as Renée Zellweger's title character. In Gurinder Chadha's Bollywood adaptation, Bride and Prejudice, Aishwarya Rai plays the Elizabeth character, Lalita Bakshi. In the 2008 television film Lost in Austen, actress Gemma Arterton plays a version of Lizzy who switches places with a modern-day young woman. Lily James starred as the zombie-slaying Elizabeth Bennet in the film version of Pride and Prejudice and Zombies, a popular novel by Seth Grahame-Smith. Fire Island is a modern day retelling of Pride and Prejudice, recasting the Bennett family as a queer found family, with screenwriter Joel Kim Booster starring as the Elizabeth corollary. One of the most notable portrayals of the character has been that of Keira Knightley in Pride & Prejudice, directed by Joe Wright. Knightley received a Best Actress Academy Award nomination for her performance. The character has most recently been used in The Lizzie Bennet Diaries, a project which is partly headed by YouTube vlogger Hank Green, and depicts Elizabeth (played by Ashley Clements) as a modern-day woman in America posting video blogs about her life along with her friend 'Charlotte Lu' a character based on Charlotte Lucas. Depictions in film and television Film Television References Bibliography Fictional socialites Female characters in literature Pride and Prejudice characters Literary characters introduced in 1813 Fictional gentry Female characters in film Fictional bibliophiles	wiki
This list is limited to unmodified production cars which meet the eligibility criteria below. All entries must verified from reliable sources. Production cars with highest specific power (power-to-weight ratio) Naturally aspirated Forced induction Electric Hybrid See also Engine power List of fastest production cars by acceleration Production car speed record List of automotive superlatives List of production cars by power output Power-to-weight ratio References Car performance Horsepower Car-related lists	wiki
Dit is een lijst van Yoshispellen. Hoofdserie Yoshi's Island Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island (SNES) Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3 (Game Boy Advance) Yoshi's Island DS (Nintendo DS) Yoshi's New Island (Nintendo 3DS) Andere Yoshispellen Mario & Yoshi (NES, Game Boy, Virtual Console) Yoshi's Cookie (NES, SNES, Game Boy, Virtual Console) Yoshi's Safari (SNES) Tetris Attack (SNES, Game Boy) Yoshi's Story (Nintendo 64, Virtual Console) Yoshi's Universal Gravitation (Game Boy Advance) Yoshi Touch & Go (Nintendo DS) Yoshi's Woolly World (Wii U) Poochy en Yoshi's Woolly World (Nintendo 3DS) Yoshi's Crafted World (Switch) Speelbaar personage Mario Kart Super Mario Kart (SNES) Mario Kart 64 (Nintendo 64) Mario Kart: Super Circuit (Game Boy Advance) Mario Kart: Double Dash!! (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Kart Arcade GP (Arcade) Mario Kart DS (Nintendo DS) Mario Kart Arcade GP 2 (Arcade) Mario Kart Wii (Wii) Mario Kart 7 (Nintendo 3DS) Mario Kart Arcade GP DX (Arcade) Mario Kart 8 (Wii U) Mario Kart 8 Deluxe (Switch) Mario Tennis Mario's Tennis (Virtual Boy) Mario Tennis (Nintendo 64) Mario Tennis (Game Boy Color) Mario Power Tennis (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Tennis Aces (Switch) Mario Party Mario Party (Nintendo 64) Mario Party 2 (Nintendo 64) Mario Party 3 (Nintendo 64) Mario Party 4 (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Party-e (e-Reader) Mario Party 5 (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Party 6 (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Party Advance (Game Boy Advance) Mario Party 7 (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Party 8 (Wii) Mario Party DS (Nintendo DS) Mario Party 9 (Wii) Mario Party: Island Tour (Nintendo 3DS) Mario Party 10 (Wii U) Mario Party: Star Rush (3DS) Mario Party: The Top 100 (3DS) Super Mario Party (Switch) Mario Golf Mario Golf (Nintendo 64) Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Golf: Advance Tour (Game Boy Advance) Andere spellen Super Mario World (SNES, Virtual Console) Super Smash Bros. (Nintendo 64) Super Smash Bros. Melee (Nintendo GameCube) Super Mario Sunshine (Nintendo Gamecube) Super Mario 64 DS (Nintendo DS) Mario Superstar Baseball (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Smash Football (Nintendo GameCube) Mario Slam Basketball (Nintendo DS) Mario Strikers Charged Football (Wii) Mario & Sonic op de Olympische Spelen (Wii, Nintendo DS) Super Smash Bros. Brawl (Wii) Mario Super Sluggers (Wii) Mario & Sonic op de Olympische Winterspelen (Wii, Nintendo DS) Super Mario Galaxy 2 (Wii) Mario & Sonic op de Olympische Spelen - Londen 2012 (Wii, Nintendo 3DS) Mario & Sonic op de Olympische Winterspelen - Sotsji 2014 (Wii U) Super Smash Bros. voor 3DS en Wii U (Wii U, Nintendo 3DS) Super Smash Bros. Ultimate (Switch) Yoshi in cameo's The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening Een pop van Yoshi duikt in het spel op in Mabe Village op Koholint Island. Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy's Kong Quest Yoshi verschijnt in het videospel Cranky's Video Game Heroes van Cranky Kong. Super Mario 64 Yoshi zal aan het eind van het spel op het kasteel met Mario praten en later weer verdwijnen. The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time Ergens In Hyrule Castle hangt een portret van Yoshi aan de muur. Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes In het spel treft de speler een beeldje van Yoshi aan op Otacons bureau. Als het beschoten wordt, roept het beeldje de naam van Yoshi. Super Paper Mario In Chapter 5-2 kan een rots in de vorm van Yoshi teruggevonden worden. Super Mario Galaxy Aan het begin van het spel kan de speler Yoshi's hoofd kiezen om in een nieuw spelbestand op te slaan. In Good Egg Galaxy duikt een planeet op in de vorm van een Yoshi-ei. In Space Junk Galaxy kan via een missie een nieuwe planeet ontstaan. De planeet is een groot Yoshihoofd, gebeiteld uit hout. Yoshispellen Nintendo	wiki
A Citizenship Act (or a variant thereof) is a piece of legislation, used to regulate citizenship within a country. Many countries have, or have had, laws bearing the name. List of Citizenship Acts Australia: Australian Citizenship Act 1948, replaced by the Australian Citizenship Act 2007 Bhutan: Bhutanese Citizenship Act 1958 Bhutanese Citizenship Act 1985 Canada: Canadian Citizenship Act, 1946 Canadian Citizenship Act, 1977 India: Citizenship Act, 1955 Ireland: there have been several Irish Nationality and Citizenship Acts in Irish nationality law New Zealand: British Nationality and New Zealand Citizenship Act 1948 Slovakia: Citizenship Act (Slovakia) South Africa: Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act, 1970, subsequently renamed the Black States Citizenship Act, 1970, and repealed in 1994 Sri Lanka (Ceylon): Ceylon Citizenship Act, 1948 United Kingdom: Nationality and Citizenship Act 1948 United States: Indian Citizenship Act, 1924 Child Citizenship Act of 2000 Citizenship Reform Act of 2005 US Citizenship Act of 2021 See also Citizenship	wiki
Amerikai Egyesült Államok Van Horn (Texas) Van Horn (Washington)	wiki
Breadwinner typically refers to the breadwinner model, a system where one family member earns money to support the others. Breadwinner or Breadwinners may also refer to: Books The Bread-Winner (play), a 1930 play by William Somerset Maugham The Bread Winner, a 1990 novel by Arvella Whitmore The Breadwinner (novel), a 2000 children's book by Deborah Ellis The Bread-Winners, an 1883 novel by John Hay Film, television and video games "Breadwinner" (Birds of a Feather), an episode of the British sitcom Birds of a Feather Breadwinners (TV series), a 2014 animated series from Nickelodeon The Breadwinner (film), an Irish-Canadian animated film Breadwinner, a Splicer model in the video games BioShock and BioShock 2 Music Breadwinner (band), an American math rock band Ovation Breadwinner, a solid-body electric guitar made by the Ovation Guitar Company The Breadwinner, album by Shannon Stephens "Breadwinner", 1965 tune by Kenny Burrell from the album Guitar Forms "Breadwinner", a song by Kacey Musgraves from the 2021 album Star-Crossed (album)	wiki
Reserved cases (in the 1983 Code of Canon Law) or reserved sins (in the 1917 Code of Canon Law) is a term of Catholic doctrine, used for sins whose absolution is not within the power of every confessor, but is reserved to himself by the superior of the confessor, or only specially granted to some other confessor by that superior. To reserve a case is then to refuse jurisdiction for the absolution of a certain sin. The reservation of sins presupposes jurisdiction, and therefore the pope alone can make reservation for the whole Church; bishops can do the same for their diocese only, and certain regular prelates for their religious subjects. That a sin be reserved it must be mortal, external, and consummated. If a sin be reserved in one diocese, and a penitent, without the intention of evading the law, confess to a priest in another diocese where the sin is not reserved, the latter may absolve the reserved sin. Cases are reserved either merely on account of the sin itself, that is without censure, or on account of the censure attached to it. In most cases, one's Ordinary (usually one's bishop) has the ability to lift ecclesiastical censure, although certain sins are reserved to the Apostolic See, including host desecration, assaulting the Pope, breaking the seal of the confessional, and consecrating another bishop without permission from the Pope. If a penitent be in danger of death, any priest can absolve him, both from reserved censures and reserved sins. In case of reserved censures, if he recover, he must later present himself to the one having special power for reserved censures, unless the case was simply reserved to the pope. As to reserved sins, he need not, as a general rule, present himself again after convalescence. In a case of urgent necessity, when it is not possible to have recourse to the proper superior, an ordinary priest may absolve a penitent, directly from unreserved sins and indirectly from episcopal reserved cases, but the penitent must afterwards apply to the person having power to absolve from the reservation. If there were also papal reservations, either simple or special, the absolution is direct, but in case of special reservations to the pope a relation must be made to the Holy See that its mandates on the subject may be obtained. Ignorance of a censure prevents its being incurred, but moralists dispute whether ignorance of a reservation, with or without censure, excuses from its incurrence. If a case with censure reserved to the pope, all agree that ignorance does excuse from it; if reserved to a bishop, it is controversial. Some moralists hold that ignorance excuses from all reservations, whether with or without censure. It is certain, however, that a bishop has authority to declare that ignorance of a reservation does not prevent its incurrence in his diocese. Ignorance of a censure (excommunication, interdict, removal from the exercise of certain ministries, or for clerics- deacons, priests, or Bishops, suspension from certain faculties), or of a reservation (to the Pope or the Bishop or Ordinary) attached to a particular mortal sin, are both distinct from ignorance of its status as a mortal sin. Persons who have reached the age of reason (about 6 or 7 years), have previously received the Sacrament of Reconciliation, and who possess the mental and other faculties needed to commit serious sins, and who committed the act (of omission or commission) with full knowledge and intent and were aware of its seriousness, may not receive Holy Communion- or any other prohibited Sacraments, if they are aware of the censure attached- before being properly absolved. The 1917 Code of Canon Law divided reserved sins into two categories, ratione peccati (the nature of the sin itself) and ratione censuræ (the nature of the penalty attached). See also List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church References Smith, Elements of Ecclesiastical Law, I (New York, 1895); Ethelred Taunton, The Law of the Church (London, 1906); August Lehmkuhl, Theologia Moralis (Freiburg, 1910); Slater, Manual of Moral Theology External links Catholic Encyclopedia article Catholic theology and doctrine	wiki
Proof-of-payment (POP) or proof-of-fare (POF) is an honor-based fare collection system used on many public transportation systems. Instead of checking each passenger as they enter a fare control zone, passengers are required to carry a ticket, pass or a transit smartcard to prove that they have paid the valid fare. Fares are enforced via random spot-checks by inspectors such as conductors or enforcement officers, to ensure that passengers have paid their fares and are not committing fare evasion. On many systems, a passenger can purchase a single-use ticket or multi-use pass at any time in advance, but must insert the ticket or pass into a validation machine immediately before use. Validation machines in stations or on board vehicles time stamp the ticket. The ticket is then valid for some period of time after the stamped time. This method is implemented when the transit authority believes it will lose less money to the resultant fare evasion than it would cost to install and maintain a more direct collection method. It may be used in systems whose passenger volume and density are not very high most of the time—as passenger volumes increase, more-direct collection methods become more profitable. However, in some countries it is common even on systems with very high passenger volume. Proof-of-payment is usually applied on one-person operated rail and road vehicles as well as on automatically operated rail lines. The honor system can be complemented with a more direct collection approach where this would be feasible—a transit authority utilizing POP will usually post fare inspectors, sometimes armed as a police force, to man entrances to stations on a discretionary basis when a high volume of passengers is expected. For example, transit users leaving a stadium immediately following a major concert or sporting event will likely have to buy a ticket from an attendant (or show proof of payment) to gain access to the station serving the stadium. Direct fare collection methods may also be used at major hubs in systems that otherwise use POP. An example of this is the Tower City station on Cleveland's RTA Rapid Transit Red Line, which uses faregates. Travel without a valid ticket is not usually considered a criminal offense, but a penalty fare or a fine can be charged. Advantages and disadvantages Advantages of proof-of-payment include lower labor costs for fare collection, simpler station design, easier access for mobility-impaired passengers, easier access for those carrying packages or in case of an emergency, and a more open feel for passengers. On buses, proof-of-payment saves drivers the time needed to collect fares, and makes it possible for all doors to be used for boarding. Validated tickets can double as transfers between lines. Disadvantages include potentially higher rate of fare evasion, reduced security on station platforms when no barrier is used, increased potential of racial profiling and other unequal enforcement as "likely fare evaders" are targeted, and regularly exposing passengers to unpleasant confrontational situations when a rider without the proper proof is detained and removed from the vehicle. Visitors unfamiliar with a system's validation requirements who innocently misunderstand the rules are especially likely to get into trouble. Worldwide uses Proof-of-payment is popular in Germany, where it was widely introduced during the labor shortages resulting from the Economic Miracle of the 1960s. It has also been adopted in Eastern Europe and Canada and has made some inroads in newer systems in the United States. The first use of the term "POP" or "Proof of Payment" on a rail line in North America is believed to have been in Edmonton in 1980. Since then, many new light rail, streetcar, and bus rapid transit systems have adopted the procedure, mainly to speed up boarding by avoiding the hassles of crowding at doors to pay fares at a farebox beside the driver as is common practice on traditional buses. San Francisco's MUNI system became the first North American system-wide adopter of the proof-of-payment system on July 1, 2012 across its buses, light rail and heritage streetcars, with the exception of cable cars, allowing boarding on all the available doors. Notes External links TCRP Report 80: A Toolkit for Self-Service, Barrier-Free Fare Collection (PDF) Public transport fare collection	wiki
Supported leading edge kite (SLE) is a type of power kite used mainly for kitesurfing. It refers to a C shaped kite leading edge inflated (LEI) kite where the lines which control the angle of attack (or sheeting) of the kite attach to a bridle via a pulley in a similar way to that of a bow kite. Due to the wider range of angle of attack possible, relative to the wind, this system has vastly improved C kites' ability to depower and has increased the possible wind range. See also Kitesurfing Snowkiting Power kite Bow kite Foil kite Kite types Kite applications Kite line Kite mooring Kite control systems References "Kitesurf - Kites, Kiteboards, Harnesses BLOG _ kite Tech\| Unity Watersports". Kites	wiki
Instruments key: s, Sopranino S, Soprano A, Alto T, Tenor B, Baritone b, Bass c, Contrabass (or tubax) sc, Subcontrabass Indicators key: X, instrument has been used by person or group X, instrument has been used by person or group, but much less often than other X-marked instruments C, person or group uses a C melody saxophone (either as primary instrument, or in addition to the normal tenor sax) F, person or group uses an F Mezzo-soprano saxophone in addition to the E♭ alto sax. Fictional players Bleeding Gums Murphy (The Simpsons) Henry Jones Jr. (The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, soprano) Carl (Llamas with Hats, unknown) See also Lists of musicians List of jazz saxophonists References Saxophonists Saxophone	wiki
Kashayam (Sanskrit: kaṣāyaṁ) is a Ayurveda and does not denote any one particular Ayurvedic medicine, but a generic term for various types of medicinal concoction in Ayurveda. Kashayam refers to a water decoction or water extract of a single herb or group of herbs and can be used for ailments like indigestion, cough and common cold etc. It is an ancient form of medicine that has been used for a long time. Many are very bitter in taste and the liquid is dark in color. It is mainly used by Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu , Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and West Bengal states. It is also called Kwath or Kadha in other cultures in India. Ingredients Many readily used kitchen spices and herbs like tulsi, ginger, neem leaves, cinnamon, cloves, long pepper and pepper etc. are used in preparing kashayam. people also use cumin seeds for digestion issues, carom seeds for cough References Ayurveda	wiki
Windows NT 6.1 può riferirsi alle seguenti versioni di Microsoft Windows: Windows 7 Windows Server 7 (Windows Server 2008 R2)	wiki
Chevy Chase – jednostka osadnicza w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w stanie Maryland, w hrabstwie Montgomery. CDP w stanie Maryland	wiki
Skinnarby kan syfta på: Skinnarby, Tenala	wiki
This is a list of people executed in the United States in 2009. Fifty-two people were executed in the United States in 2009. Twenty-four of them were in the state of Texas. One (Larry Bill Elliott) was executed via electrocution. One notable execution was of convicted murderer John Allen Muhammad, who was responsible for carrying out the D.C. sniper attacks in 2002. List of people executed in the United States in 2009 Demographics Executions in recent years See also List of death row inmates in the United States List of most recent executions by jurisdiction List of people scheduled to be executed in the United States List of women executed in the United States since 1976 References List of people executed in the United States executed People executed in the United States 2009	wiki
Cinderela — conto de fadas Filmes Cinderela (1950) — filme de animação da Disney Cinderella (1997) — telefilme com Bernardette Peters e Whitney Houston Cinderela (2015) — live-action da Disney Cinderella II: Dreams Come True — continuação de 2002 da Disney Cinderella III: A Twist in Time — continuação de 2007 da Disney Cinderella (2021) lançado no Brasil com o título Cinderela Música Cinderella (banda) Cinderella (canção de The Cheetah Girls) Desambiguações de cinema Desambiguações de música	wiki
Scott Gale may refer to: Scott Gale (rugby union) (born 1994), Australian rugby union player Scott Gale (rugby league) (1965–2004), Australian rugby league player	wiki
Miss Japan () is a national beauty pageant in Japan. The pageant first ran from 1952-1995 and was led by Yoshinaga (Japanese-American Press). In 2019, the Miss Japan pageant returned with Akihiro Yoshida, Takako Hashimura, Ichiro Tahara and Takahide Kitai, from the HDR Corporation, all as Senior directors. The HDR Corporation started the new Miss Japan competition after they lost the franchises for both Miss Universe and Miss Earth. The current Miss Japan is Senna Ogawa of Iwate Prefecture. She was crowned Miss Japan 2020 on September 29, 2020. The HDR Corporation also operates the Mister Japan contest. Titleholders Winners by prefectures See also Miss Grand Japan Miss Earth Japan Miss International Japan Miss Universe Japan Miss World Japan Miss Nippon References External links Beauty pageants in Japan Japanese awards	wiki
Rhytidocystis is a genus of apicomplexans. It is the only genus within the monotypic family Rhytidocystidae. The species of this genus are parasitic protozoa found in marine annelids. Taxonomy There are four species known in this genus: Rhytidocystis cyamus Rueckert & Leander 2009 Rhytidocystis opheliae Henneguy 1907 Rhytidocystis polygordiae Rhytidocystis sthenelais Porchet-Henneré 1972 References Conoidasida Apicomplexa genera	wiki
The 1981 American League Division Series (ALDS), the opening round of the 1981 American League playoffs, began on Tuesday, October 6, and ended on Sunday, October 11. The Division Series were approved by team owners on August 6 in response to the 1981 Major League Baseball strike, which caused the cancellation of roughly one-third of the regular season between June 12 and August 9; by the time play was resumed, it was decided that the best approach was to have the first-half leaders automatically qualify for postseason play, and allow all the teams to begin the second half with a clean slate. Overview The first half and second-half champions in both the American League East and American League West divisions would meet in best-of-five series, with the winners advancing to the AL Championship Series (ALCS). If the same team won both halves, a wild card team—the second-place team, based on overall record, in the division—would qualify for the postseason, but this proved unnecessary in both leagues. There were no plans to continue the format in later seasons, although the Division Series resumed in after MLB realigned to three divisions in each league. The teams in the 1981 ALDS were: East Division: New York Yankees (first-half champion, 34–22) vs. Milwaukee Brewers (second-half champion, 31–22): Yankees win series, 3–2. West Division: Oakland Athletics (first-half champion, 37–23) vs. Kansas City Royals (second-half champion, 30–23): Athletics win series, 3–0. The second-half champions played the first two games at home, with the first-half champions hosting all remaining games; this was predetermined in August, independent of team records. Had a team won both halves of the season, they would have hosted all games of the series other than the first game, which the wild card team would host. The Royals became the first team to reach the MLB postseason with a .500 or worse record, and would be the only team until the 2020 Astros and Brewers reached the 2020 postseason with records of 29–31 (.483). Following a 20–30 first half, Kansas City recovered to win the second half in the AL West, giving them a 50–53 (.485) overall mark. The Royals made a managerial change during the season as well; the team started at 30–40 (.429) under Jim Frey, then went 20–13 (.606) under Dick Howser. The Yankees and Athletics went on to meet in the AL Championship Series. The Yankees became the American League champion, and lost to the National League champion Los Angeles Dodgers in the 1981 World Series. Matchups Oakland Athletics vs. Kansas City Royals New York Yankees vs. Milwaukee Brewers Oakland vs. Kansas City Game 1 Mike Norris faced Dennis Leonard and the defending AL Champions in Game 1. Both pitchers were on their game and the game was scoreless through three innings. But in the top of the fourth, the A's got a boost on a three-run home run by Wayne Gross. Then Dwayne Murphy's homer in the eighth put the game away as Norris went on to pitch a four-hit complete game shutout. Game 2 Steve McCatty and Mike Jones dueled in Game 2. After giving up an RBI double to Tony Armas in the first, Jones settled into a groove and kept the A's from scoring for the next six innings. McCatty would give up a run in the bottom of the fifth on Willie Wilson's RBI hit. In the eighth, Armas again delivered the game-winning RBI double to make it 2–1 A's. McCatty went on to pitch a complete game masterpiece. Game 3 Game 3 pitted Larry Gura against Rick Langford. With their backs to the wall, the Royals and Gura ran into trouble in the first. Tony Armas would come through once again with another RBI hit that scored Rickey Henderson. Then an error by Frank White in the third allowed another run to score to make it 2–0 A's. The Royals would scratch out a run in the fourth on Amos Otis's forceout. But in the bottom of fourth the A's scored two runs on a Dave McKay homer and an RBI double by Dwayne Murphy. Langford would allow only one run in innings despite giving up ten hits. Dave Beard would close out the series with a save in the ninth. Composite box 1981 ALDS (3–0): Oakland Athletics over Kansas City Royals New York vs. Milwaukee Game 1 Milwaukee (then Braves) and New York faced off in their first October meeting since the 1958 World Series. In Game 1, Ron Guidry faced Moose Haas. In the bottom of the second, the Brewers struck first on Charlie Moore's RBI single. Then Robin Yount's sac fly made it 2–0 in the third. But the Yankees would break through and take the lead for good in the fourth. Designated hitter Oscar Gamble tied the game with a two-run homer. Then the Yanks would take the lead on a two-run double by Rick Cerone. But the Brewers would cut the lead in half with an RBI single by Ted Simmons. In the ninth, the Yankees managed to score a pivotal run off Rollie Fingers. The run scored due to an error by Yount. Goose Gossage shut the door in the ninth. Game 2 Dave Righetti faced Mike Caldwell in Game 2. The Brewers needed to win this game to stay in contention and it certainly looked good with Caldwell having allowed only run in the fourth on Lou Piniella's homer. But the decision to allow Caldwell pitch the ninth proved costly as he surrendered a two-run homer to Reggie Jackson. Dave Winfield collected three hits while Righetti pitched a dominant four-hit shutout for six innings and Goose Gossage got his second consecutive save. Game 3 Randy Lerch faced Tommy John, who was looking to end the series with a sweep. Both pitchers were on their game and John got a run in the fourth thanks to Bob Watson's RBI hit. The Yankees were closing in on a sweep in the seventh when the Brewers came back. Ted Simmons gave the Brewers the lead thanks to his two-run homer. Then Sal Bando's RBI hit made it 3–1. The Yankees would waste little time in responding as back-to-back RBI singles tied the game in the bottom of the seventh. But Paul Molitor's leadoff homer in the eighth seemed to turn the tide as John then allowed a single to Robin Yount. His night was done but Simmons came through once again with an RBI double to make it 5–3 Brewers. Rollie Fingers won in relief and slammed the door on the Yankees in the ninth. The Brewers' win in Game 3 was their first ever postseason win. Game 4 Having taken Game 3, the Brewers looked to Pete Vuckovich to take Game 4. Opposing him would be Rick Reuschel. In the top of the fourth, the Brewers jumped in front 2–0 on a sac fly by Cecil Cooper and an RBI double by Ben Oglivie. The Yankees would get a run in the sixth on a fielder's choice by Lou Piniella. The Yankees would get chances in the seventh and ninth to win the series but Rollie Fingers escaped with the save and evened the series at two games apiece. Game 5 No team had ever come back down two games to none with the first two losses at home. The Yankees started Ron Guidry while the Brewers went with Moose Haas. Guidry allowed single runs in the 2nd and 3rd on Gorman Thomas' homer and Cecil Cooper's sacrifice fly, respectively. The Yankees looked helpless until the bottom of the fourth. Reggie Jackson's titanic two-run home run in the fourth tied the game. Oscar Gamble followed Jackson's homer with a homer to give the Yankees a 3–2 lead. A forceout later in the inning scored Graig Nettles to make it 4–2. Dave Righetti relieved Guidry after the 4th and held the Brewers in check. Milwaukee would strike in the seventh on Cooper's second RBI of the game to close the gap. That was as close as they would get. Rick Cerone's homer in the seventh made it 5–3. The Brewers mounted a threat in the eighth. After recording two quick outs Goose Gossage walked Bando and Howell before getting Don Money to fly out to deep left. A double and a sacrifice fly put the series away as the Yankees took a commanding 7–3 lead to the ninth. Gossage shut the Brewers out in the ninth for his third save of the series and to keep a historical collapse from happening. Composite box 1981 ALDS (3–2): New York Yankees over Milwaukee Brewers References External links OAK vs. KCR at Baseball-Reference NYY vs. MIL at Baseball-Reference American League Division Series American League Division Series New York Yankees postseason Oakland Athletics postseason Milwaukee Brewers postseason Kansas City Royals postseason American League Division Series American League Division Series American League Division Series American League Division Series 20th century in Kansas City, Missouri 1980s in Milwaukee 20th century in Oakland, California American League Division Series 1980s in the Bronx	wiki
Walt Disney Imagineering (WDI) wurde als WED Enterprises (WED = Walter Elias Disney) am 16. Dezember 1952 von Walt Disney gegründet. Walt Disney beauftragte eine Gruppe von Animatoren aus den Walt Disney Studios, den Disneyland-Park zu entwerfen und zu realisieren. Im Jahr 1986 fand die Umbenennung von WED Enterprises in Walt Disney Imagineering durch Disneys damaligen CEO Michael Eisner statt. WDI gehört zu Disneys Sparte Disney Parks, Experiences and Products. Seit der Gründung hat WDI neue Resorts, Themenparks und Attraktionen geschaffen: Disneyland Resort Walt Disney World Resort Tokyo Disney Resort Disneyland Paris und Walt Disney Studios Park Hong Kong Disneyland Resort Shanghai Disney Resort Disney-Tochterunternehmen Walt Disney Gegründet 1952	wiki
The following is a list of media located in, or serving Portland, Maine. Newspapers The Forecaster The Phoenix Portland Press Herald Maine Sunday Telegram (Sunday edition of the Portland Press Herald) Magazines Mainer formerly known as The Bollard (2005-2019) Down East Dispatch Maine Portland Monthly Radio FM AM References External links Portland, ME on American Radio Map (Radiomap.us) Portland, Maine	wiki
White House är en ort i Robertson County, och Sumner County i Tennessee. White House hade 10 255 invånare enligt 2010 års folkräkning. Referenser Orter i Tennessee Robertson County, Tennessee Sumner County, Tennessee	wiki
CelebriDucks is an American manufacturer of celebrity-licensed rubber ducks based in San Rafael, California. As of July 2009, the CelebriDucks has created more than 200 different ducks, including Betty Boop, Charlie Chaplin, Groucho Marx, Babe Ruth, William Shakespeare, the Mona Lisa, and Santa Claus. The company has been named a top 100 gift idea by Entertainment Weekly and was voted a fan favorite in a poll by ESPN. History CelebriDucks was founded in 1998 by Craig Wolfe as a product of his animation design firm Name That Toon. Started as a "fun side project" with his daughter Rebecca, the new product line quickly took off. By the end of 2001, the ducks were bringing in $1 million in annual revenue. In late 2001, the Philadelphia 76ers heard about CelebriDucks and asked for an Allen Iverson duck to be created for a stadium giveaway. The Iverson duck was shown on SportsCenter in January 2002, and a flurry of international press coverage followed, causing sales to triple. By April, the company was selling 1,000 ducks a week and on pace for $3 million of annual revenue. At that point, Wolfe realized the ducks were something special and sold his original business to focus solely on the rubber ducks. The company was named CelebriDucks to reflect its new nature. CelebriDucks were named as a top 100 gift idea in Entertainment Weekly's 2001 holiday gift guide. In the summer of 2002, Sammy Sosa and Moisés Alou ducks were given away at Chicago Cubs games. Promotions for the Texas Rangers and New York Yankees followed. A poll conducted by ESPN found CelebriDucks the #1 fan favorite stadium giveaway, beating out bobbleheads and beanie babies. Since 2002, CelebriDucks have been handed out at numerous sporting events, been written in numerous newspapers and magazines, appeared on The Late Show twice, and have been commissioned by over a dozen Fortune 500 companies. Products As of July 2009, the CelebriDucks has created more than 200 different rubber ducks. Licensed products include actors, athletes, musicians, cartoon characters, and college mascots. Other ducks include religious figures, literary characters, and other figures from popular culture. The company also makes "rubber ducks" in the form of penguins, flamingoes, and parrots. Each CelebriDuck comes in its own plastic carrying case, which features a quote to match the celebrity's persona. All ducks are "limited edition" and are subject to retirement at any time. Retired ducks include Elvis, Groucho Marx, Babe Ruth, and Charles Barkley. The CelebriDucks website has a section devoted to the current best sellers and a "Hall of Fame" for retired ducks. As of July 2009, Marilyn Monroe, Betty Boop, and Barack Obama were listed among the site's best sellers. References External links Official website Companies based in San Rafael, California Toy companies established in 1998 Toy companies of the United States 1998 establishments in California	wiki
The Attorney General of Washington is the chief legal officer of the U.S. state of Washington and head of the Washington State Office of the Attorney General. The attorney general represents clients of the state and defends the public interest in accordance to state law. The office of the attorney general is an executive office elected by the citizens of Washington, and the officeholder serves a four-year term. Authority The powers and responsibilities of the Washington Attorney General derive from the Washington State Constitution (Const. art. III, § 1) and the Revised Code of Washington (RCW 43.10). List of attorneys general of Washington The following is a list of individuals who have served as attorney general of the U.S. state of Washington. The attorney general is fifth (behind the lieutenant governor, secretary of state, treasurer, and auditor, respectively) in the line of succession to the office of Governor of Washington. References External links Washington Attorney General official website Washington Attorney General articles at ABA Journal News and Commentary at FindLaw Revised Code of Washington at Law.Justia.com U.S. Supreme Court Opinions - "Cases with title containing: State of Washington" at FindLaw Washington State Bar Association Washington Attorney General Bob Ferguson profile at National Association of Attorneys General Press releases at Washington Attorney General Attorneys General	wiki
Canadian Made is a Canadian documentary television series. The series was produced by Primitive Entertainment and initially aired on History Television in 2012. Each 30-minute episode explores Canadian invention, innovation or discovery. The series initially aired June 1, 2012 and ran for 1-season with 14-episodes. It was narrated by Canadian actor, comedian, playwright Rick Miller. Episodes Episode 1: Clothing Revolutions: The Wonderbra, lumberjack shirt and gas mask (Written and directed by David New) Episode 2: Time Shifting: Standard Time, Key-frame Animation and the Instant Replay (Written and directed by David New) Episode 3: Snow Crossings: Snow shoes, snowmobile, snow plows and puck road sensor (Written and directed by Sean Wainsteim) Episode 4: Space Explorations: the Canadarm, the Dextre robot and LIDAR (Written and directed by David New) Episode 5: Cultural Revolutions: Superman, electronic music (electronic sackbut) and Trivial pursuit (Written and directed by Sean Wainsteim) Episode 6: Sweet Treats: Maple syrup, ginger ale and the chocolate bar (Written and directed by Sean Wainsteim) Episode 7: Game Gear: Lacrosse stick, hockey stick and the goalie mask (Written and directed by Ian Ross MacDonald) Episode 8: Experimental Vehicles: The JetLev jet pack, Mosquito Ultralight helicopter and Uno dicycle (Written and directed by Buffy Childerhose) Episode 9: Medical Breakthroughs: The heart pacemaker, Bliss symbolics and discovery of stem cells (Written and directed by Dylan Reibling) Episode 10: Imperviousness: The quinzhee, Canada Goose parka and the Exo-Suit (Written and directed by Michael Morrow) Episode 11: Working Watercraft: The kayak, Sawfish harvester and Hibernia oil platform (Written and directed by Su Rynard) Episode 12: Brilliant Amenities: The Robertson screw, plastic garbage bag and bear-proof trash bin (Written and directed by Annie Bradley) Episode 13: Foresting: Totem poles, newsprint (Charles Fenerty) and the purpose-built water bomber (Canadair CL-215) (Written and directed by Buffy Childerhose) Episode 14: Revolutionary Perspectives: Electron microscope, telerobotic surgery, NEPTUNE underwater observatory (Written and directed by Dylan Reibling) Awards Platimun Award (Animation) Pixie Awards, 2011 Gold Award (Use of Effects) Pixie Awards, 2011 References External links Canadian Made on Vimeo Canadian Made by Primitive Entertainment Rick Miller CBC Television original programming CBC News Network original programming 1998 Canadian television series debuts History (Canadian TV network) original programming 2010s Canadian documentary television series	wiki
The Last Ride () is a 2016 South Korean comedy drama film written and directed by Nam Dae-joong and starring Ryu Deok-hwan, Kim Dong-young and Ahn Jae-hong. Plot Go-Hwan's father wakes up every morning for exercise. Soon, it is revealed that he wants to participate in a marathon with his son, who is in a wheelchair. Go-Hwan is worried, but his father wraps him with thick blankets and ties him to the wheelchair. Before finishing the marathon, the father collapses due to exhaustion and accidentally pushes Go Hwan down the road. An ambulance takes the father away. The father tries to tell about his son, who fell face down the cliff. Later in the evening, the news reports about Go-Hwan, who is found by a driver. Go-Hwan's best friends Nam-Joon and Gab-Duk are shocked upon hearing the news. They find Go-Hwan's mother in front of the hospital. She tells them to come visit her son before he dies. They want to leave happy memories to their friend, so they kidnap him from the hospital and together, riding on a motorbike, they visit the ocean only to find that the beach is contaminated with toxic waste. They also find two headed fish. Go-Hwan's mother scolds the friends, as it makes his condition worsen. Go-Hwan has been suffering from Lou Gehrig's disease. He soon learns that this is the truth and when his best friends ask him what his wish is, Go-hwan tells them that he wants to have sex for the first and last time in his life. He keep yelling about it in the hospital, and when his mother comes to his room, they pretend nothing happened. Nam-Joon and Gab-Duk try to find a girl for their dying friend, but they keep getting slapped or beaten upon speaking with the girls. Cast Ryu Deok-hwan as Go-hwan Kim Dong-young as Nam-joon Ahn Jae-hong as Gab-duk Jeon No-min as Go-hwan's father Jeon Mi-seon as Go-hwan's mother Bae Jung-hwa as goddess Han Kuk-jin as homeroom teacher Lee Han-wi as Gab-duk's father Lee Byeong-hun as good-for-nothing senior References External links 2016 films 2010s Korean-language films 2016 comedy-drama films South Korean comedy-drama films 2010s South Korean films	wiki
Kenneth Browne may refer to: Kenneth Browne (painter), African-American painter Kenneth N. Browne (1923–2000), member of the New York State Assembly See also Kenneth Brown (disambiguation)	wiki
An electrical drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows information about power, lighting, and communication for an engineering or architectural project. Any electrical working drawing consists of "lines, symbols, dimensions, and notations to accurately convey an engineering's design to the workers, who install the electrical system on the job". A complete set of working drawings for the average electrical system in large projects usually consists of: A plot plan showing the building's location and outside electrical wiring Floor plans showing the location of electrical systems on every floor Power-riser diagrams showing panel boards. Single-line diagrams General arrangement diagrams Control wiring diagrams Schedules and other information in combination with construction drawings. Electrical drafters prepare wiring and layout diagrams used by workers who erect, install, and repair electrical equipment and wiring in communication centers, power plants, electrical distribution systems, and buildings. See also One-line diagram Architectural drawing Electronic schematic Engineering drawing Mechanical drawing Structural drawing Working drawing References Technical drawing Electrical engineering	wiki
The Warrens of Virginia can refer to: The Warrens of Virginia (play), a 1907 Broadway play by William C. DeMille The Warrens of Virginia (1915 film), a silent film directed by Cecil B. DeMille The Warrens of Virginia (1924 film), a silent film directed by Elmer Clifton	wiki
Piling may refer to: Pilings, deep foundations Stacking, placing items atop one another Disordered piling, a Japanese wallbuilding technique Pi-Ling, an ancient city where Changzhou now sits Chinese Piling paintings, the Pi-Ling style of art Piling Bay, Nunavut, Canada See also Piling-up lemma Pressure piling, piling up of pressure Pile (disambiguation) Pilling (disambiguation)	wiki
The Overspent American: Upscaling, Downshifting, and the New Consumer is a 1998 book by Juliet Schor on American consumer spending patterns. Bibliography External links Full text from the Internet Archive 1998 non-fiction books Basic Books books Books by Juliet Schor English-language books	wiki
Psilosis (from Greek ψίλωσις, "thinning out") can mean: Psilosis, the loss of the sound /h/ in the history of the Greek language Psilosis, another name for coeliac disease, also known as sprue Psilosis, another name for hair loss Sylosis, a British metal band	wiki

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