text stringlengths 559 401k | source stringlengths 13 121 |
|---|---|
Algorithmic learning theory is a mathematical framework for analyzing
machine learning problems and algorithms. Synonyms include formal learning theory and algorithmic inductive inference. Algorithmic learning theory is different from statistical learning theory in that it does not make use of statistical assumptions ... | Wikipedia/Algorithmic_learning_theory |
A Bayesian network (also known as a Bayes network, Bayes net, belief network, or decision network) is a probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of variables and their conditional dependencies via a directed acyclic graph (DAG). While it is one of several forms of causal notation, causal networks are special... | Wikipedia/Belief_networks |
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a graph labeling is the assignment of labels, traditionally represented by integers, to edges and/or vertices of a graph.
Formally, given a graph G = (V, E), a vertex labeling is a function of V to a set of labels; a graph with such a function defined is called a vertex-l... | Wikipedia/Labelled_graph |
A semantic network, or frame network is a knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network. This is often used as a form of knowledge representation. It is a directed or undirected graph consisting of vertices, which represent concepts, and edges, which represent semantic relations betwee... | Wikipedia/Semantic_networks |
In information science and ontology, a classification scheme is an arrangement of classes or groups of classes. The activity of developing the schemes bears similarity to taxonomy, but with perhaps a more theoretical bent, as a single classification scheme can be applied over a wide semantic spectrum while taxonomies t... | Wikipedia/Classification_scheme_(information_science) |
The Web Science Trust (WST) is a UK Charitable Trust with the aim of supporting the global development of Web science. It was originally started in 2006 as a joint effort between MIT and University of Southampton to formalise the social and technical aspects of the World Wide Web. The trust coordinates a set of interna... | Wikipedia/Web_Science_Trust |
BORO (Business Objects Reference Ontology) is an approach to developing ontological or semantic models for large complex operational applications that consists of a top ontology as well as a process for constructing the ontology. It was originally developed as a method for mining ontologies from multiple legacy systems... | Wikipedia/BORO_method |
Knowledge representation (KR) aims to model information in a structured manner to formally represent it as knowledge in knowledge-based systems whereas knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR, KR&R, or KR²) also aims to understand, reason, and interpret knowledge. KRR is widely used in the field of artificial intel... | Wikipedia/Knowledge_model |
The Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) is a set of controlled, relational vocabularies of terms commonly used in systems biology, and in particular in computational modeling.
== Motivation ==
The rise of systems biology, seeking to comprehend biological processes as a whole, highlighted the need to not only develop corre... | Wikipedia/Systems_Biology_Ontology |
In knowledge representation and reasoning, a knowledge graph is a knowledge base that uses a graph-structured data model or topology to represent and operate on data. Knowledge graphs are often used to store interlinked descriptions of entities – objects, events, situations or abstract concepts – while also encoding ... | Wikipedia/Knowledge_graph |
Controlled vocabularies provide a way to organize knowledge for subsequent retrieval. They are used in subject indexing schemes, subject headings, thesauri, taxonomies and other knowledge organization systems. Controlled vocabulary schemes mandate the use of predefined, preferred terms that have been preselected by th... | Wikipedia/Controlled_vocabularies |
First-order logic, also called predicate logic, predicate calculus, or quantificational logic, is a collection of formal systems used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. First-order logic uses quantified variables over non-logical objects, and allows the use of sentences that contain variable... | Wikipedia/First-order_predicate_calculus |
Knowledge modeling is a process of creating a computer interpretable model of knowledge or standard specifications about a kind of process and/or about a kind of facility or product. The resulting knowledge model can only be computer interpretable when it is expressed in some knowledge representation language or data s... | Wikipedia/Knowledge_modeling |
In computer science and artificial intelligence, ontology languages are formal languages used to construct ontologies. They allow the encoding of knowledge about specific domains and often include reasoning rules that support the processing of that knowledge. Ontology languages are usually declarative languages, are al... | Wikipedia/Ontology_language_(computer_science) |
The Disease Ontology (DO) is a formal ontology of human disease. The Disease Ontology project is hosted at the Institute for Genome Sciences at the University of Maryland School of Medicine.
The Disease Ontology project was initially developed in 2003 at Northwestern University to address the need for a purpose-built ... | Wikipedia/Disease_Ontology |
The Computer Science Ontology (CSO) is an automatically generated taxonomy of research topics in the field of Computer Science. It was produced by the Open University in collaboration with Springer Nature by running an information extraction system over a large corpus of scientific articles. Several branches were manua... | Wikipedia/Computer_Science_Ontology |
Semantic Application Design Language (SADL) is an English-like open source language for building formal models composed of an OWL ontology, rules expressed in terms of the ontological concepts, queries for retrieving information from the model, and tests to validate and re-validate model content and entailments (implic... | Wikipedia/Semantic_Application_Design_Language |
Controlled vocabularies provide a way to organize knowledge for subsequent retrieval. They are used in subject indexing schemes, subject headings, thesauri, taxonomies and other knowledge organization systems. Controlled vocabulary schemes mandate the use of predefined, preferred terms that have been preselected by th... | Wikipedia/Controlled_vocabulary |
The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) provides an extensible ontology for concepts and information in cultural heritage and museum documentation. It is the international standard (ISO 21127:2023) for the controlled exchange of cultural heritage information. Galleries, libraries, archives, museums (GLAMs), and othe... | Wikipedia/CIDOC_Conceptual_Reference_Model |
Big design up front (BDUF) is a software development approach in which the program's design is to be completed and perfected before that program's implementation is started. It is often associated with the waterfall model of software development.
Synonyms for big design up front (BDUF) are big modeling up front (BMUF) ... | Wikipedia/Big_design_up_front |
In software development, the V-model represents a development process that may be considered an extension of the waterfall model and is an example of the more general V-model. Instead of moving down linearly, the process steps are bent upwards after the coding phase, to form the typical V shape. The V-Model demonstrate... | Wikipedia/V-Model_(software_development) |
In software engineering, a software development process or software development life cycle (SDLC) is a process of planning and managing software development. It typically involves dividing software development work into smaller, parallel, or sequential steps or sub-processes to improve design and/or product management.... | Wikipedia/Software_development_model |
In computing, the chaos model is a structure of software development. Its creator, who used the pseudonym L.B.S. Raccoon, noted that project management models such as the spiral model and waterfall model, while good at managing schedules and staff, didn't provide methods to fix bugs or solve other technical problems. A... | Wikipedia/Chaos_model |
In software engineering, a software development process or software development life cycle (SDLC) is a process of planning and managing software development. It typically involves dividing software development work into smaller, parallel, or sequential steps or sub-processes to improve design and/or product management.... | Wikipedia/System_development_methodology |
Structured systems analysis and design method (SSADM) is a systems approach to the analysis and design of information systems. SSADM was produced for the Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency, a UK government office concerned with the use of technology in government, from 1980 onwards.
== Overview ==
SSADM i... | Wikipedia/Structured_Systems_Analysis_and_Design_Method |
Model-driven engineering (MDE) is a software development methodology that focuses on creating and exploiting domain models, which are conceptual models of all the topics related to a specific problem. Hence, it highlights and aims at abstract representations of the knowledge and activities that govern a particular appl... | Wikipedia/Model-driven_software_development |
Rapid application development (RAD), also called rapid application building (RAB), is both a general term for adaptive software development approaches, and the name for James Martin's method of rapid development. In general, RAD approaches to software development put less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an ad... | Wikipedia/Rapid_Application_Development_Tool |
Joint application design is a term originally used to describe a software development process pioneered and deployed during the mid-1970s by the New York Telephone Company's Systems Development Center under the direction of Dan Gielan. Following a series of implementations of this methodology, Gielan lectured extensive... | Wikipedia/Joint_application_design |
Agile software development is an umbrella term for approaches to developing software that reflect the values and principles agreed upon by The Agile Alliance, a group of 17 software practitioners, in 2001. As documented in their Manifesto for Agile Software Development the practitioners value:
Individuals and interac... | Wikipedia/Agile_methods |
The Computer Science Tripos (CST) is the undergraduate course in computer science offered by the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory. It evolved out of the Diploma in Computer Science, the world's first taught course in computer science, which started in 1953. Successful candidates are awarded a Bachelor of Ar... | Wikipedia/Computer_Science_Tripos |
Anchor modeling is an agile database modeling technique suited for information that changes over time both in structure and content. It provides a graphical notation used for conceptual modeling similar to that of entity-relationship modeling, with extensions for working with temporal data. The modeling technique invol... | Wikipedia/Anchor_Modeling |
A conceptual schema or conceptual data model is a high-level description of informational needs underlying the design of a database. It typically includes only the core concepts and the main relationships among them. This is a high-level model with insufficient detail to build a complete, functional database. It descr... | Wikipedia/Conceptual_data_model |
The SERM (structured entity relationship model) is an amplification of the ERM which is commonly used for data modeling. It was first proposed from Prof. Dr. Elmar J. Sinz in 1988. The SERM is commonly used in the SAP-world for the data modeling.
== Aims ==
structuring of large schemes
visualization of existence depe... | Wikipedia/Structured_entity_relationship_model |
The Arm Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) is an open-standard, on-chip interconnect specification for the connection and management of functional blocks in system-on-a-chip (SoC) designs. It facilitates development of multi-processor designs with large numbers of controllers and components with a bus arc... | Wikipedia/Advanced_Microcontroller_Bus_Architecture |
Diagnostic design specification is a document indicating how the diagnostics will be implemented on upcoming/new products that will be developed by the company. It describes the behavior of the diagnostics like how the test will execute, how the output messages are formatted, and how the final result is displayed (amon... | Wikipedia/Diagnostic_design_specification |
A design specification (or product design specification) is a document which details exactly what criteria a product or a process should comply with. If the product or its design are being created on behalf of a customer, the specification should reflect the requirements of the customer or client. A design specificatio... | Wikipedia/Product_design_specification |
In a corporation, a stakeholder is a member of "groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist", as defined in the first usage of the word in a 1963 internal memorandum at the Stanford Research Institute. The theory was later developed and championed by R. Edward Freeman in the 1980s. Since then it ... | Wikipedia/Stakeholder_(corporate) |
Hard systems is a problem-solving approach in systems science. It can be contrasted with soft systems, for which systems thinking must handle many ill-defined, or not easily quantified elements.
Hard systems approaches such as systems analysis (structured methods), operations research and so on, assume that the problem... | Wikipedia/Hard_systems |
A human visual system model (HVS model) is used by image processing, video processing and computer vision experts to deal with biological and psychological processes that are not yet fully understood. Such a model is used to simplify the behaviors of what is a very complex system. As our knowledge of the true visual s... | Wikipedia/Human_visual_system_model |
Open energy-system models are energy-system models that are open source. However, some of them may use third-party proprietary software as part of their workflows to input, process, or output data. Preferably, these models use open data, which facilitates open science.
Energy-system models are used to explore future en... | Wikipedia/Open_energy_system_models |
Solar System models, especially mechanical models, called orreries, that illustrate the relative positions and motions of the planets and moons in the Solar System have been built for centuries. While they often showed relative sizes, these models were usually not built to scale. The enormous ratio of interplanetary di... | Wikipedia/Solar_System_model |
Systems theory is the transdisciplinary study of systems, i.e. cohesive groups of interrelated, interdependent components that can be natural or artificial. Every system has causal boundaries, is influenced by its context, defined by its structure, function and role, and expressed through its relations with other syste... | Wikipedia/System_theory |
Systems science, also referred to as systems research or simply systems, is a transdisciplinary field that is concerned with understanding simple and complex systems in nature and society, which leads to the advancements of formal, natural, social, and applied attributions throughout engineering, technology, and scienc... | Wikipedia/Systems_sciences |
A functional flow block diagram (FFBD) is a multi-tier, time-sequenced, step-by-step flow diagram of a system's functional flow. The term "functional" in this context is different from its use in functional programming or in mathematics, where pairing "functional" with "flow" would be ambiguous. Here, "functional flow"... | Wikipedia/Functional_Flow_Block_Diagram |
The behavioral approach to systems theory and control theory was initiated in the late-1970s by J. C. Willems as a result of resolving inconsistencies present in classical approaches based on state-space, transfer function, and convolution representations. This approach is also motivated by the aim of obtaining a gener... | Wikipedia/Behavioral_modeling |
The viable system model (VSM) is a model of the organizational structure of any autonomous system capable of producing itself. It is an implementation of viable system theory. At the biological level, this model is correspondent to autopoiesis.
A viable system is any system organised in such a way as to meet the demand... | Wikipedia/Viable_system_model |
Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the development and application of software and systems modeling languages and techniques, including modeling foundations, semantics, analysis and synthesis techniques, model transformations, language definition and language engineerin... | Wikipedia/Software_and_Systems_Modeling |
Modelling biological systems is a significant task of systems biology and mathematical biology. Computational systems biology aims to develop and use efficient algorithms, data structures, visualization and communication tools with the goal of computer modelling of biological systems. It involves the use of computer si... | Wikipedia/Systems_biology_modeling |
Soft systems methodology (SSM) is an organised way of thinking applicable to problematic social situations and in the management of change by using action. It was developed in England by academics at the Lancaster Systems Department on the basis of a ten-year action research programme.
== Overview ==
The Soft Systems... | Wikipedia/Soft_system_modeling |
Intuitively, an algorithmically random sequence (or random sequence) is a sequence of binary digits that appears random to any algorithm running on a (prefix-free or not) universal Turing machine. The notion can be applied analogously to sequences on any finite alphabet (e.g. decimal digits). Random sequences are key ... | Wikipedia/Algorithmically_random_sequence |
Simplicity theory is a cognitive theory that seeks to explain the attractiveness of situations or events to human minds. It is based on work done by scientists like behavioural scientist Nick Chater, computer scientist Paul Vitanyi, psychologist Jacob Feldman, and artificial intelligence researchers Jean-Louis Dessalle... | Wikipedia/Simplicity_theory |
The Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI) is the official Software Engineering Institute (SEI) method to provide benchmark-quality ratings relative to Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) models. SCAMPI appraisals are used to identify strengths and weaknesses of current processes, reve... | Wikipedia/Standard_CMMI_Appraisal_Method_for_Process_Improvement |
The Mellon College of Science (MCS) is part of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US. The college is named for the Mellon family, founders of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, a predecessor of Carnegie Mellon University.
The college offers various bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degre... | Wikipedia/Mellon_College_of_Science |
The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is a development model created in 1986 after a study of data collected from organizations that contracted with the U.S. Department of Defense, who funded the research. The term "maturity" relates to the degree of formality and optimization of processes, from ad hoc practices, to for... | Wikipedia/Capability_maturity_model |
People Capability Maturity Model (short names: People CMM, PCMM, P-CMM) is a maturity framework that focuses on continuously improving the management and development of the human assets of an organization. It describes an evolutionary improvement path from ad hoc, inconsistently performed practices, to a mature, discip... | Wikipedia/People_Capability_Maturity_Model |
Pittsburgh Life Sciences Greenhouse (PLSG) is an investment firm based in the South Side neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania that provides resources and tools to entrepreneurial life sciences enterprises in Pittsburgh and western Pennsylvania in order to advance research and patient care.
== History ==
Since PLS... | Wikipedia/Pittsburgh_Life_Sciences_Greenhouse |
Capability Immaturity Model (CIMM) in software engineering is a parody acronym, a semi-serious effort to provide a contrast to the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). The Capability Maturity Model is a five point scale of capability in an organization, ranging from random processes at level 1 to fully defined, managed and... | Wikipedia/Capability_Immaturity_Model |
The Pittsburgh Science of Learning Center (aka LearnLab) is a Science of Learning Center funded by the National Science Foundation and managed by Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh. The PSLC is led by Kenneth Koedinger and Charles Perfetti, and includes many other notable scientists, including ... | Wikipedia/Pittsburgh_Science_of_Learning_Center |
Meta-process modeling is a type of metamodeling used in software engineering and systems engineering for the analysis and construction of models applicable and useful to some predefined problems.
Meta-process modeling supports the effort of creating flexible process models. The purpose of process models is to document ... | Wikipedia/Meta-process_modeling |
Model-driven engineering (MDE) is a software development methodology that focuses on creating and exploiting domain models, which are conceptual models of all the topics related to a specific problem. Hence, it highlights and aims at abstract representations of the knowledge and activities that govern a particular appl... | Wikipedia/Model_Driven_Engineering |
The British Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF) was an architecture framework which defined a standardised way of conducting enterprise architecture, originally developed by the UK Ministry of Defence. It has since been replaced with the NATO Architecture Framework.
Initially the purpose of MODAF was to ... | Wikipedia/MODAF_Meta-Model |
A metamodel is a model of a model, and metamodeling is the process of generating such metamodels. Thus metamodeling or meta-modeling is the analysis, construction, and development of the frames, rules, constraints, models, and theories applicable and useful for modeling a predefined class of problems. As its name impli... | Wikipedia/Meta_model |
Object process methodology (OPM) is a conceptual modeling language and methodology for capturing knowledge and designing systems, specified as ISO/PAS 19450. Based on a minimal universal ontology of stateful objects and processes that transform them, OPM can be used to formally specify the function, structure, and beha... | Wikipedia/Object_Process_Methodology |
An XML transformation language is a programming language designed specifically to transform an input XML document into an output document which satisfies some specific goal.
There are two special cases of transformation:
XML to XML: the output document is an XML document.
XML to Data: the output document is a byte str... | Wikipedia/XML_transformation_language |
A model transformation language in systems and software engineering is a language intended specifically for model transformation.
== Overview ==
The notion of model transformation is central to model-driven development. A model transformation, which is essentially a program which operates on models, can be written in... | Wikipedia/Model_transformation_language |
In computer graphics, turtle graphics are vector graphics using a relative cursor (the "turtle") upon a Cartesian plane (x and y axis). Turtle graphics is a key feature of the Logo programming language. It is also a simple and didactic way of dealing with moving frames.
== Overview ==
The turtle has three attribute... | Wikipedia/Turtle_graphics |
A vector graphic editor is a computer program that enables its users to create, compose and edit images with the use of mathematical and geometrical commands rather than individual pixels. This software is used in creating high-definition vector graphic images that can be scaled indefinitely without losing their qualit... | Wikipedia/Vector_graphics_editor |
Off-model is a term used in the animation and visual arts industries to describe art that does not match the style, design, or proportions that have been previously established for a given project (i.e. any work that is not on-model). Any kind of visual art can be off-model, so long as it defies the conventions of an e... | Wikipedia/Off-model |
An image file format is a file format for a digital image. There are many formats that can be used, such as JPEG, PNG, and GIF. Most formats up until 2022 were for storing 2D images, not 3D ones. The data stored in an image file format may be compressed or uncompressed. If the data is compressed, it may be done so usin... | Wikipedia/Graphics_file_format |
In visual arts, a model sheet, also known as a character board, character sheet, character study or simply a study, is a document used to help standardize the appearance, poses, and gestures of a character in arts such as animation, comics, and video games.
Model sheets are required when multiple artists are involved i... | Wikipedia/Model_sheet |
Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animation has been recognized as an artistic medium, specifically within the entertain... | Wikipedia/Graphic_animation |
Vector graphics are a form of computer graphics in which visual images are created directly from geometric shapes defined on a Cartesian plane, such as points, lines, curves and polygons. The associated mechanisms may include vector display and printing hardware, vector data models and file formats, as well as the soft... | Wikipedia/Object-oriented_graphics |
In computer graphics, graphics software refers to a program or collection of programs that enable a person to manipulate images or models visually on a computer.
Computer graphics can be classified into two distinct categories: raster graphics and vector graphics, with further 2D and 3D variants. Many graphics programs... | Wikipedia/Graphics_editor |
In recent years, 3D printing has developed significantly and can now perform crucial roles in many applications, with the most common applications being manufacturing, medicine, architecture, custom art and design, and can vary from fully functional to purely aesthetic applications.
3D printing processes are finally ... | Wikipedia/Applications_of_3D_printing |
A video display controller (VDC), also called a display engine or display interface, is an integrated circuit which is the main component in a video-signal generator, a device responsible for the production of a TV video signal in a computing or game system. Some VDCs also generate an audio signal, but that is not thei... | Wikipedia/Graphics_chip |
Cartoon physics or animation physics are terms for a jocular system of laws of physics (and biology) that supersedes the normal laws, used in animation for humorous effect.
Many of the most famous American animated films, particularly those from Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios, indirectly developed a relat... | Wikipedia/Cartoon_physics |
Barrier-grid animation or picket-fence animation is an animation effect created by moving a striped transparent overlay across an interlaced image. The barrier-grid technique originated in the late 1890s, overlapping with the development of parallax stereography (Relièphographie) for 3D autostereograms. The technique h... | Wikipedia/Barrier-grid_animation_and_stereography |
Graphic art software is a subclass of application software used for graphic design, multimedia development, stylized image development, technical illustration, general image editing, or simply to access graphic files. Art software uses either raster graphics or vector graphics reading and editing methods to create, edi... | Wikipedia/Graphic_art_software |
Model animation is a form of stop motion animation designed to merge with live-action footage to create the illusion of a real-world fantasy sequence.
== Techniques ==
Many types of models have been created and developed, and the choice mainly depends on the budget of the film:
Clay Models: Unlike most clay figures u... | Wikipedia/Model_animation |
Transparency in computer graphics is possible in a number of file formats. The term "transparency" is used in various ways by different people, but at its simplest there is "full transparency" i.e. something that is completely invisible. Only part of a graphic should be fully transparent, or there would be nothing to s... | Wikipedia/Transparency_(graphic) |
Object–role modeling (ORM) is used to model the semantics of a universe of discourse. ORM is often used for data modeling and software engineering.
An object–role model uses graphical symbols that are based on first order predicate logic and set theory to enable the modeler to create an unambiguous definition of an arb... | Wikipedia/Object–Role_Modeling |
The XQuery and XPath Data Model (XDM) is the data model shared by the XPath 2.0, XSLT 2.0, XQuery, and XForms programming languages. It is defined in a W3C recommendation. Originally, it was based on the XPath 1.0 data model which in turn is based on the XML Information Set.
The XDM consists of flat sequences of zero o... | Wikipedia/XQuery_and_XPath_Data_Model |
Integrated Data Store (IDS) was an early network database management system largely used by industry, known for its high performance. IDS became the basis for the CODASYL Data Base Task Group standards.
IDS was designed in the 1960s at the computer division of General Electric (which later became Honeywell Informatio... | Wikipedia/Integrated_Data_Store |
In computer science, domain relational calculus (DRC) is a calculus that was introduced by Michel Lacroix and Alain Pirotte as a declarative database query language for the relational data model.
In DRC, queries have the form:
{
⟨
X
1
... | Wikipedia/Domain_calculus |
Enterprise modelling is the abstract representation, description and definition of the structure, processes, information and resources of an identifiable business, government body, or other large organization.
It deals with the process of understanding an organization and improving its performance through creation and ... | Wikipedia/Enterprise_model |
Building information modeling (BIM) is an approach involving the generation and management of digital representations of the physical and functional characteristics of buildings or other physical assets and facilities. BIM is supported by various tools, processes, technologies and contracts. Building information model... | Wikipedia/Facility_Information_Model |
In computing, the network model is a database model conceived as a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships. Its distinguishing feature is that the schema, viewed as a graph in which object types are nodes and relationship types are arcs, is not restricted to being a hierarchy or lattice.
The networ... | Wikipedia/Network_data_model |
Solution architecture is a term used in information technology with various definitions, such as "a description of a discrete and focused business operation or activity and how IS/IT supports that operation".
== Definitions ==
The Open Group's definition of solution architecture, as provided above, is accompanied by... | Wikipedia/Solution_architecture |
A hierarchical database model is a data model in which the data is organized into a tree-like structure. The data are stored as records which is a collection of one or more fields. Each field contains a single value, and the collection of fields in a record defines its type. One type of field is the link, which connect... | Wikipedia/Hierarchical_data_model |
Business process modeling (BPM) is the action of capturing and representing processes of an enterprise (i.e. modeling them), so that the current business processes may be analyzed, applied securely and consistently, improved, and automated.
BPM is typically performed by business analysts, with subject matter experts co... | Wikipedia/Business_process_model |
Computer science and engineering (CSE) or computer science (CS) also integrated as electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) in some universities, is an academic subject comprising approaches of computer science and computer engineering. There is no clear division in computing between science and engineering, ... | Wikipedia/Computer_science_and_engineering |
Light transport theory deals with the mathematics behind calculating the energy transfers between media that affect visibility. This article is currently specific to light transport in rendering processes such as global illumination and high dynamic range imaging (HDRI).
== Light ==
=== Light Transport ===
The amou... | Wikipedia/Light_transport_theory |
Cloth modeling is the term used for simulating cloth within a computer program, usually in the context of 3D computer graphics. The main approaches used for this may be classified into three basic types: geometric, physical, and particle/energy.
== Background ==
Most models of cloth are based on "particles" of mass c... | Wikipedia/Cloth_modeling |
Corel DESIGNER is a vector-based graphics program. It was originally developed by Micrografx, which was bought by Corel in 2001.
The last version developed by Micrografx was 9.0 in 2001. This program was later sold as Corel DESIGNER 9. There are still a number of users who continue working with version 9.0, because new... | Wikipedia/Corel_Designer |
Affinity Designer is a vector graphics editor developed by Serif for macOS, iPadOS, and Microsoft Windows. It is part of the "Affinity trinity" alongside Affinity Photo and Affinity Publisher. Affinity Designer is available for purchase directly from the company website and in the Mac App Store, iOS App Store, and the ... | Wikipedia/Affinity_Designer |
The definition of the BSDF (bidirectional scattering distribution function) is not well standardized. The term was probably introduced in 1980 by Bartell, Dereniak, and Wolfe. Most often it is used to name the general mathematical function which describes the way in which the light is scattered by a surface. However, i... | Wikipedia/Bidirectional_scattering_distribution_function |
Rendering is the process of generating a photorealistic or non-photorealistic image from input data such as 3D models. The word "rendering" (in one of its senses) originally meant the task performed by an artist when depicting a real or imaginary thing (the finished artwork is also called a "rendering"). Today, to "re... | Wikipedia/Rendering_algorithm |
Machine learning (ML) is a field of study in artificial intelligence concerned with the development and study of statistical algorithms that can learn from data and generalise to unseen data, and thus perform tasks without explicit instructions. Within a subdiscipline in machine learning, advances in the field of deep ... | Wikipedia/machine_learning |
A false positive is an error in binary classification in which a test result incorrectly indicates the presence of a condition (such as a disease when the disease is not present), while a false negative is the opposite error, where the test result incorrectly indicates the absence of a condition when it is actually pre... | Wikipedia/False_negative_rate |
A chromosome or genotype in evolutionary algorithms (EA) is a set of parameters which define a proposed solution of the problem that the evolutionary algorithm is trying to solve. The set of all solutions, also called individuals according to the biological model, is known as the population. The genome of an individual... | Wikipedia/Chromosome_(genetic_algorithm) |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.