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Gay pornography is the representation of sexual activity between males with the primary goal to sexually arouse its audience. Softcore gay pornography also exists; which at one time constituted the genre, and may be produced as beefcake pornography directed toward heterosexual female, homosexual male, and bisexual audi... | Wikipedia/Gay_pornography |
Parental controls are features which may be included in digital television services, computers and video games, mobile devices and software to assist parents in their ability to restrict certain content viewable by their children. This may be content they deem inappropriate for their age, maturity level or feel is aime... | Wikipedia/Parental_controls |
Softcore pornography or softcore porn is commercial still photography, film, imagery, or even audio that has a pornographic or erotic component but is less sexually graphic or intrusive than hardcore pornography, defined by a lack of sexual penetration or other sexual activity. It typically contains nude or semi-nude a... | Wikipedia/Softcore_pornography |
The X-Rated Critics Organization (XRCO) is a group of writers and editors from the American adult entertainment industry who each year present awards in recognition of achievement within the industry. After the controversy and criticism of the Best Erotic Scene win for the movie Virgin in 1984 at the Adult Film Associa... | Wikipedia/X-Rated_Critics_Organization |
The Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests, known as SNAP, established in 1989, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization support group of survivors of clergy sexual abuse and their supporters, founded in the United States. Barbara Blaine, a survivor of sex abuse by a priest, was the founding president. SNAP, which ... | Wikipedia/Survivors_Network_of_those_Abused_by_Priests |
Rape pornography is a subgenre of pornography involving the description or depiction of rape. Such pornography either involves simulated rape, wherein sexually consenting adults feign rape, or it involves actual rape. Victims of actual rape may be coerced to feign consent such that the pornography produced deceptively ... | Wikipedia/Rape_pornography |
Amateur pornography is a category of pornography that features models, actors or non-professionals performing without pay, or actors for whom this material is not their only paid modeling work. Reality pornography is professionally made pornography that seeks to emulate the style of amateur pornography. Amateur pornogr... | Wikipedia/Amateur_pornography |
Cartoon pornography, or animated pornography, is the portrayal of illustrated or animated fictional cartoon characters in erotic or sexual situations. Animated cartoon pornography or erotic animation, is a subset of the larger field of adult animation, not all of which is sexually explicit.
Because historically most ca... | Wikipedia/Cartoon_pornography |
Generative AI pornography or simply AI pornography is a digitally created pornography produced through generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Unlike traditional pornography, which involves real actors and cameras, this content is synthesized entirely by AI algorithms. These algorithms, including Generati... | Wikipedia/Generative_AI_pornography |
Ethnic pornography is a genre of pornography featuring performers of specific ethnic groups, or depictions of interracial sexual activity.
Productions can feature any type of ethnic group; however, the most commonly marketed ethnic genres involve Asian women, Latino women, and black women, most often paired with white ... | Wikipedia/Ethnic_pornography |
Fans of X-Rated Entertainment (F.O.X.E., also known as FOXE) is a United States-based pornography fan organization founded by adult film actor, director, and critic William Margold and actress Viper. It advocates against censorship of pornography and gives annual adult film awards.
== Awards ==
The annual FOXE awards... | Wikipedia/Fans_of_X-Rated_Entertainment |
Pokémon, a media franchise developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo, has received a notable amount of fan-made pornography (also known as poképorn and poképhilia). The Pokémon games feature Pokémon trainers and creatures known as Pokémon; both are subject to pornography. The content can be usually found in ima... | Wikipedia/Pokémon_and_pornography |
A pornographic parody film is a subgenre of the pornographic film industry genre where the basis for the production's story or plotline is the parody of a mainstream television show, feature film, public figure, video game or literary works. This subgenre also includes parody of historical or contemporary events such a... | Wikipedia/Pornographic_parody_film |
MILF pornography (short for mother I'd like/love to fuck) is a genre of pornography in which the actresses are usually women ages 30 to 60, though many actresses have started making this type of pornographic film at age 25. Central to the typical MILF narrative is an age-play dynamic of older women and younger lovers o... | Wikipedia/MILF_pornography |
Hardcore pornography or hardcore porn is pornography that features detailed depictions of sexual organs or sexual acts such as vaginal, anal, oral, or manual intercourse; ejaculation; or fetish play. The term is in contrast with less-explicit softcore pornography. Hardcore pornography usually takes the form of magazine... | Wikipedia/Hardcore_pornography |
Religious views on pornography are based on the broader views of religions on topics such as modesty, dignity, and sexuality. Different religious groups view pornography and sexuality differently.
== Christianity ==
=== Biblical scholarship ===
There is no direct prohibition of pornography in the Bible. However, m... | Wikipedia/Religious_views_on_pornography |
In late January 2024, sexually explicit AI-generated deepfake images of American musician Taylor Swift were proliferated on social media platforms 4chan and X (formerly Twitter). Several artificial images of Swift of a sexual or violent nature were quickly spread, with one post reported to have been seen over 47 millio... | Wikipedia/Taylor_Swift_deepfake_pornography_controversy |
Pornographic magazines or erotic magazines, sometimes known as adult magazines or sex magazines, are magazines that contain content of an explicitly sexual nature. Publications of this kind may contain images of attractive naked subjects, as is the case in softcore pornography, and, in the usual case of hardcore porno... | Wikipedia/Pornographic_magazine |
Women Against Pornography (WAP) was a radical feminist activist group based out of New York City that was influential in the anti-pornography movement of the late 1970s and the 1980s.
WAP was the most well known feminist anti-pornography group out of many that were active throughout the United States and the anglophone... | Wikipedia/Women_Against_Pornography |
Bisexual pornography is a genre of pornography that most typically depicts men and at least one woman who all perform sex acts on each other. While a sex scene involving women and one man who all perform sex acts on each other might occasionally be identified or labeled as bisexual, it typically is not labeled that way... | Wikipedia/Bisexual_pornography |
Lesbian pornography is a form of adult entertainment that features sexual activity between women. Its primary goal is sexual arousal in its audience and is most often produced as erotic content aimed at heterosexual male, homosexual female, and bisexual audiences. Although it has also been found that many heterosexual ... | Wikipedia/Lesbian_pornography |
Aspects of Scientific Explanation and other Essays in the Philosophy of Science is a 1965 book by the philosopher Carl Gustav Hempel. It is regarded as one of the most important works in the philosophy of science written after World War II.
== Reception ==
The historian Peter Gay wrote that Aspects of Scientific Expl... | Wikipedia/Aspects_of_Scientific_Explanation_and_other_Essays_in_the_Philosophy_of_Science |
Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The definition of the word "atom" has changed over the years in response to scientific discoveries. Initially, it referred to a hypothetical concept of there being some fundamental particle of matter, too small to be seen by the n... | Wikipedia/Atomic_theory_of_matter |
Wave–particle duality is the concept in quantum mechanics that fundamental entities of the universe, like photons and electrons, exhibit particle or wave properties according to the experimental circumstances.: 59 It expresses the inability of the classical concepts such as particle or wave to fully describe the behav... | Wikipedia/Particle_theory_of_light |
Newton's law of universal gravitation describes gravity as a force by stating that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers of mass. Separated objects attra... | Wikipedia/Newton's_theory |
Folk science (also known as "folk knowledge" or "folk classification" (not to be confused with Folk classification, a method of classifying sedimentary rocks named after Robert L. Folk) describes ways of understanding and predicting the natural and social world, without the use of formalized, rigorous, methodologies (s... | Wikipedia/Folk_science |
Timeline of electromagnetism and classical optics lists, within the history of electromagnetism, the associated theories, technology, and events.
== Early developments ==
28th century BC – Ancient Egyptian texts describe electric fish. They refer to them as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the "pro... | Wikipedia/Timeline_of_electromagnetic_theory |
What is now often called Lorentz ether theory (LET) has its roots in Hendrik Lorentz's "theory of electrons", which marked the end of the development of the classical aether theories at the end of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century.
Lorentz's initial theory was created between 1892 and 1895 and was based... | Wikipedia/Lorentz_aether_theory |
Metaphysics (Greek: των μετὰ τὰ φυσικά, "those after the physics"; Latin: Metaphysica) is one of the principal works of Aristotle, in which he develops the doctrine that he calls First Philosophy. The work is a compilation of various texts treating abstract subjects, notably substance theory, different kinds of causati... | Wikipedia/Aristotelian_metaphysics |
Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing valid inferences. An inference is valid if its conclusion follows logically from its premises, meaning that it is impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion to be false. For example, the inference from the premises "all men are mortal" and "Socrates is a man"... | Wikipedia/Deductive_inference |
In the philosophy of science, the special sciences are all sciences other than fundamental physics, including, for example, chemistry, biology, and neuroscience. The distinction reflects a view that "all events which fall under the laws of any science are physical events and hence fall under the laws of physics".
In th... | Wikipedia/Special_science |
Philosophy of language refers to the philosophical study of the nature of language. It investigates the relationship between language, language users, and the world. Investigations may include inquiry into the nature of meaning, intentionality, reference, the constitution of sentences, concepts, learning, and thought.
... | Wikipedia/Theory_of_reference |
A causal theory of reference or historical chain theory of reference is a theory of how terms acquire specific referents based on evidence. Such theories have been used to describe many referring terms, particularly logical terms, proper names, and natural kind terms. In the case of names, for example, a causal theory ... | Wikipedia/Causal_theory_of_reference |
A paradigm shift is a fundamental change in the basic concepts and experimental practices of a scientific discipline. It is a concept in the philosophy of science that was introduced and brought into the common lexicon by the American physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn. Even though Kuhn restricted the use of the ter... | Wikipedia/Theory_change |
Science and Hypothesis (French: La Science et l'Hypothèse) is a book by French mathematician Henri Poincaré, first published in 1902. Aimed at a non-specialist readership, it deals with mathematics, space, physics and nature. It puts forward the theses that absolute truth in science is unattainable, and that many commo... | Wikipedia/Science_and_Hypothesis |
In the philosophy of language, the descriptivist theory of proper names (also descriptivist theory of reference) is the view that the meaning or semantic content of a proper name is identical to the descriptions associated with it by speakers, while their referents are determined to be the objects that satisfy these de... | Wikipedia/Descriptivist_theory_of_names |
A causal theory of reference or historical chain theory of reference is a theory of how terms acquire specific referents based on evidence. Such theories have been used to describe many referring terms, particularly logical terms, proper names, and natural kind terms. In the case of names, for example, a causal theory ... | Wikipedia/Descriptive-causal_theory_of_reference |
In mathematics, a continuous function is a function such that a small variation of the argument induces a small variation of the value of the function. This implies there are no abrupt changes in value, known as discontinuities. More precisely, a function is continuous if arbitrarily small changes in its value can be a... | Wikipedia/Continuous_functions |
Verificationism, also known as the verification principle or the verifiability criterion of meaning, is a doctrine in philosophy which asserts that a statement is meaningful only if it is either empirically verifiable (can be confirmed through the senses) or a tautology (true by virtue of its own meaning or its own log... | Wikipedia/Verifiability_theory_of_meaning |
In computer programming, the strategy pattern (also known as the policy pattern) is a behavioral software design pattern that enables selecting an algorithm at runtime. Instead of implementing a single algorithm directly, code receives runtime instructions as to which in a family of algorithms to use.
Strategy lets the... | Wikipedia/Strategy_design_pattern |
In hydrology, behavioral modeling is a modeling approach that focuses on the modeling of the behavior of hydrological systems.
The behavioral modeling approach makes the main assumption that every system, given its environment, has a most probable behavior. This most probable behavior can be either determined directly ... | Wikipedia/Behavioral_modeling_in_hydrology |
In artificial intelligence, hierarchical task network (HTN) planning is an approach to automated planning in which the dependency among actions can be given in the form of hierarchically structured networks.
Planning problems are specified in the hierarchical task network approach by
providing a set of tasks, which can... | Wikipedia/Hierarchical_task_network |
In artificial intelligence, model-based reasoning refers to an inference method used in expert systems based on a model of the physical world. With this approach, the main focus of application development is developing the model. Then at run time, an "engine" combines this model knowledge with observed data to deriv... | Wikipedia/Model-based_reasoning |
A modeling language is any artificial language that can be used to express data, information or knowledge or systems in a structure that is defined by a consistent set of rules. The rules are used for interpretation of the meaning of components in the structure of a programming language.
== Overview ==
A modeling lan... | Wikipedia/Behavioral_modeling_language |
A behavior tree is a mathematical model of plan execution used in computer science, robotics, control systems and video games. They describe switchings between a finite set of tasks in a modular fashion. Their strength comes from their ability to create very complex tasks composed of simple tasks, without worrying how ... | Wikipedia/Behavior_tree_(artificial_intelligence,_robotics_and_control) |
Logology is the study of all things related to science and its practitioners—philosophical, biological, psychological, societal, historical, political, institutional, financial. The term "logology" is back-formed from the suffix "-logy", as in "geology", "anthropology", etc., in the sense of the "study of science".
The... | Wikipedia/Logology_(study_of_science) |
Renewable energy in Palestine is a small but significant component of the national energy mix, accounting for 1.4% of energy produced in 2012. Palestine has some of the highest rate of solar water heating in the region, and there are a number of solar power projects. A number of issues confront renewable energy develop... | Wikipedia/Renewable_energy_in_Palestine |
Cryogenic energy storage (CES) is the use of low temperature (cryogenic) liquids such as liquid air or liquid nitrogen to store energy.
The technology is primarily used for the large-scale storage of electricity. Following grid-scale demonstrator plants, a 250 MWh commercial plant is now under construction in the UK, ... | Wikipedia/Cryogenic_energy_storage |
Hot dry rock (HDR) is an extremely abundant source of geothermal energy that is difficult to access. A vast store of thermal energy is contained within hot – but essentially dry and impervious crystalline basement rocks found almost everywhere deep beneath Earth's surface. A method for the extraction of useful amounts ... | Wikipedia/Hot_dry_rock_geothermal_energy |
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on sustainable energy. It is published in 12 issues per year by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Aoife M. Foley (Queen's University Belfast). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact facto... | Wikipedia/Renewable_and_Sustainable_Energy_Reviews |
A kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) is an automotive system for recovering a moving vehicle's kinetic energy under braking. The recovered energy is stored in a reservoir (for example a flywheel or high voltage batteries) for later use under acceleration. Examples include complex high end systems such as the Zytek, ... | Wikipedia/Kinetic_Energy_Recovery_System |
Approximately 6% of primary energy in French Polynesia is generated from renewable energy sources. Approximately 30% of electricity is generated renewably, primarily Hydroelectricity and solar power. Renewable generation is concentrated on Tahiti, with other parts of French Polynesia almost entirely reliant on fossil f... | Wikipedia/Renewable_energy_in_French_Polynesia |
Energy storage as a service (ESaaS) allows a facility to benefit from the advantages of an energy storage system by entering into a service agreement without purchasing the system. Energy storage systems provide a range of services to generate revenue, create savings, and improve electricity resiliency. The operation o... | Wikipedia/Energy_storage_as_a_service |
Blade element momentum theory is a theory that combines both blade element theory and momentum theory. It is used to calculate the local forces on a propeller or wind-turbine blade. Blade element theory is combined with momentum theory to alleviate some of the difficulties in calculating the induced velocities at the r... | Wikipedia/Blade_element_momentum_theory |
Compressed-air-energy storage (CAES) is a way to store energy for later use using compressed air. At a utility scale, energy generated during periods of low demand can be released during peak load periods.
The first utility-scale CAES project was in the Huntorf power plant in Elsfleth, Germany, and is still operational... | Wikipedia/Compressed_air_energy_storage |
Net Energy Gain (NEG) is a concept used in energy economics that refers to the difference between the energy expended to harvest an energy source and the amount of energy gained from that harvest. When the NEG of a resource is greater than zero, extraction yields excess energy. If the NEG is below zero, it requires mor... | Wikipedia/Net_energy_gain |
Seasonal thermal energy storage (STES), also known as inter-seasonal thermal energy storage,is the storage of heat or cold for periods of up to several months. The thermal energy can be collected whenever it is available and be used whenever needed, such as in the opposing season. For example, heat from solar collector... | Wikipedia/Seasonal_thermal_energy_storage |
This timeline of sustainable energy research from 2020 to the present documents research and development in renewable energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy, particularly regarding energy production that is sustainable within the Earth system.
Events currently not included in the timelines include:
goal-codifying p... | Wikipedia/Timeline_of_sustainable_energy_research_2020–present |
Renewable energy in the Cook Islands is primarily provided by solar energy and biomass. Since 2011 the Cook Islands has embarked on a programme of renewable energy development to improve its energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with an initial goal of reaching 50% renewable electricity by 2015, and 100... | Wikipedia/Renewable_energy_in_the_Cook_Islands |
The primary application of wind turbines is to generate energy using the wind. Hence, the aerodynamics is a very important aspect of wind turbines. Like most machines, wind turbines come in many different types, all of them based on different energy extraction concepts.
Though the details of the aerodynamics depend ve... | Wikipedia/Wind-turbine_aerodynamics |
Enphase Energy, Inc. is an American energy technology company headquartered in Fremont, California, that develops and manufactures solar micro-inverters, battery energy storage, and EV charging stations primarily for residential customers. Enphase was established in 2006 and is the first company to successfully commerc... | Wikipedia/Enphase_Energy |
Compressed-air-energy storage (CAES) is a way to store energy for later use using compressed air. At a utility scale, energy generated during periods of low demand can be released during peak load periods.
The first utility-scale CAES project was in the Huntorf power plant in Elsfleth, Germany, and is still operational... | Wikipedia/Compressed-air_energy_storage |
Specialized wind energy software applications aid in the development and operation of wind farms.
== Pre-feasibility and feasibility analysis ==
The RETScreen software wind power model is designed to evaluate energy production and savings, costs, emission reductions, financial viability and risk for central-grid, iso... | Wikipedia/Wind_energy_software |
In chemistry, a hydrate is a substance that contains water or its constituent elements. The chemical state of the water varies widely between different classes of hydrates, some of which were so labeled before their chemical structure was understood.
== Chemical nature ==
=== Inorganic chemistry ===
Hydrates are n... | Wikipedia/Hydrate |
Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems store energy in the magnetic field created by the flow of direct current in a superconducting coil that has been cryogenically cooled to a temperature below its superconducting critical temperature. This use of superconducting coils to store magnetic energy was in... | Wikipedia/Superconducting_magnetic_energy_storage |
A rechargeable battery, storage battery, or secondary cell (formally a type of energy accumulator), is a type of electrical battery which can be charged, discharged into a load, and recharged many times, as opposed to a disposable or primary battery, which is supplied fully charged and discarded after use. It is compos... | Wikipedia/Rechargeable_energy_storage_system |
The expression military–industrial complex (MIC) describes the relationship between a country's military and the defense industry that supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy. A driving factor behind the relationship between the military and the defense-minded corporations is that... | Wikipedia/Military-industrial_complex |
The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has been referred to while doing science since at least the 17th century. Historically, it was developed through the centuries from the ancient and medieval world. The scientific method involves careful observation coupled with rigorous skepticis... | Wikipedia/Scientific_methodology |
The Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) is an Echelon IV command of the United States Navy, reporting to the Commander, Naval Air Warfare Center - Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) at NAS Patuxent River, Maryland. NAWCTSD is located in Orlando, Florida in the Central Florida Research Park, adjacent t... | Wikipedia/Naval_Air_Warfare_Center_Training_Systems_Division |
The GeForce FX or "GeForce 5" series (codenamed NV30) is a line of graphics processing units from the manufacturer Nvidia.
== Overview ==
Nvidia's GeForce FX series is the fifth generation of the GeForce line. With GeForce 3, the company introduced programmable shader functionality into their 3D architecture, in line... | Wikipedia/GeForce_FX |
In parallel computing, a barrier is a type of synchronization method. A barrier for a group of threads or processes in the source code means any thread/process must stop at this point and cannot proceed until all other threads/processes reach this barrier.
Many collective routines and directive-based parallel languages... | Wikipedia/Barrier_(computer_science) |
In computer science, a fiber is a particularly lightweight thread of execution.
Like threads, fibers share address space. However, fibers use cooperative multitasking while threads use preemptive multitasking. Threads often depend on the kernel's thread scheduler to preempt a busy thread and resume another thread; fibe... | Wikipedia/Fiber_(computer_science) |
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required to simulate the free-stream flow of the fluid, and the interaction of the fluid (liquids and... | Wikipedia/Computational_Fluid_Dynamics |
In computer science, an algorithm is called non-blocking if failure or suspension of any thread cannot cause failure or suspension of another thread; for some operations, these algorithms provide a useful alternative to traditional blocking implementations. A non-blocking algorithm is lock-free if there is guaranteed ... | Wikipedia/Non-blocking_algorithm |
In computer science, comparator networks are abstract devices built up of a fixed number of "wires", carrying values, and comparator modules that connect pairs of wires, swapping the values on the wires if they are not in a desired order. Such networks are typically designed to perform sorting on fixed numbers of value... | Wikipedia/Sorting_networks |
The Level-set method (LSM) is a conceptual framework for using level sets as a tool for numerical analysis of surfaces and shapes. LSM can perform numerical computations involving curves and surfaces on a fixed Cartesian grid without having to parameterize these objects. LSM makes it easier to perform computations on s... | Wikipedia/Level_set_methods |
The bitcoin protocol is the set of rules that govern the functioning of bitcoin. Its key components and principles are: a peer-to-peer decentralized network with no central oversight; the blockchain technology, a public ledger that records all bitcoin transactions; mining and proof of work, the process to create new bi... | Wikipedia/Bitcoin_network |
Checkpointing is a technique that provides fault tolerance for computing systems. It involves saving a snapshot of an application's state, so that it can restart from that point in case of failure. This is particularly important for long-running applications that are executed in failure-prone computing systems.
== Ch... | Wikipedia/Application_checkpointing |
Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. Although the term often refers to the study of three-dimensional computer graphics, it also encompasses two-dimensional graphics and image processing.
== Overview ==
Computer graphic... | Wikipedia/Graphics_processing |
The GeForce 200 series is a series of Tesla-based GeForce graphics processing units developed by Nvidia.
== Architecture ==
The GeForce 200 series introduced Nvidia's second generation of the Tesla microarchitecture, Nvidia's unified shader architecture; the first major update to it since introduced with the GeForce... | Wikipedia/GeForce_200_series |
In computer science, resource starvation is a problem encountered in concurrent computing where a process is perpetually denied necessary resources to process its work. Starvation may be caused by errors in a scheduling or mutual exclusion algorithm, but can also be caused by resource leaks, and can be intentionally ca... | Wikipedia/Starvation_(computer_science) |
Methodical culturalism is a philosophical approach developed by Peter Janich and his pupils. Its core statement is that science is not developed from purely theoretical considerations, but as a development of everyday, proto-scientific human behavior—in other words, that science is a stylized form of everyday knowledge... | Wikipedia/Methodical_culturalism |
An adaptive system is a set of interacting or interdependent entities, real or abstract, forming an integrated whole that together are able to respond to environmental changes or changes in the interacting parts, in a way analogous to either continuous physiological homeostasis or evolutionary adaptation in biology. Fe... | Wikipedia/Adaptive_systems |
A mental representation (or cognitive representation), in philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science, is a hypothetical internal cognitive symbol that represents external reality or its abstractions.
Mental representation is the mental imagery of things that are not actually present t... | Wikipedia/Representational_theory_of_mind |
In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, i.e., it is an algebraic st... | Wikipedia/data_structure |
W. H. Freeman and Company is an imprint of Macmillan Higher Education, a division of Macmillan Publishers. Macmillan publishes monographs and textbooks for the sciences under the imprint.
== History ==
The company, W. H. Freeman and Company Publishing was founded in 1946 by William H. Freeman Jr., who had been a sale... | Wikipedia/Computer_Science_Press |
The Smith–Waterman algorithm performs local sequence alignment; that is, for determining similar regions between two strings of nucleic acid sequences or protein sequences. Instead of looking at the entire sequence, the Smith–Waterman algorithm compares segments of all possible lengths and optimizes the similarity meas... | Wikipedia/Smith–Waterman_algorithm |
In computer science, the Rabin–Karp algorithm or Karp–Rabin algorithm is a string-searching algorithm created by Richard M. Karp and Michael O. Rabin (1987) that uses hashing to find an exact match of a pattern string in a text. It uses a rolling hash to quickly filter out positions of the text that cannot match the pa... | Wikipedia/Rabin–Karp_algorithm |
In computer science, the Raita algorithm is a string searching algorithm which improves the performance of Boyer–Moore–Horspool algorithm. This algorithm preprocesses the string being searched for the pattern, which is similar to Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm. The searching pattern of particular sub-string in a g... | Wikipedia/Raita_algorithm |
In computer science, the Boyer–Moore–Horspool algorithm or Horspool's algorithm is an algorithm for finding substrings in strings. It was published by Nigel Horspool in 1980 as SBM.
It is a simplification of the Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm which is related to the Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm. The algorithm trad... | Wikipedia/Boyer–Moore–Horspool_algorithm |
In computer science, the Aho–Corasick algorithm is a string-searching algorithm invented by Alfred V. Aho and Margaret J. Corasick in 1975. It is a kind of dictionary-matching algorithm that locates elements of a finite set of strings (the "dictionary") within an input text. It matches all strings simultaneously. The c... | Wikipedia/Aho–Corasick_algorithm |
The bitap algorithm (also known as the shift-or, shift-and or Baeza-Yates–Gonnet algorithm) is an approximate string matching algorithm. The algorithm tells whether a given text contains a substring which is "approximately equal" to a given pattern, where approximate equality is defined in terms of Levenshtein distance... | Wikipedia/Bitap_algorithm |
The Needleman–Wunsch algorithm is an algorithm used in bioinformatics to align protein or nucleotide sequences. It was one of the first applications of dynamic programming to compare biological sequences. The algorithm was developed by Saul B. Needleman and Christian D. Wunsch and published in 1970. The algorithm esse... | Wikipedia/Needleman–Wunsch_algorithm |
In computer science, the Wagner–Fischer algorithm is a dynamic programming algorithm that computes the edit distance between two strings of characters.
== History ==
The Wagner–Fischer algorithm has a history of multiple invention. Navarro lists the following inventors of it, with date of publication, and acknowledge... | Wikipedia/Wagner–Fischer_algorithm |
In computer science, Hirschberg's algorithm, named after its inventor, Dan Hirschberg, is a dynamic programming algorithm that finds the optimal sequence alignment between two strings. Optimality is measured with the Levenshtein distance, defined to be the sum of the costs of insertions, replacements, deletions, and nu... | Wikipedia/Hirschberg's_algorithm |
In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages, but generally the shared aspects consist of state (variables) and behavior (methods) that are each either associated with a particular object or with al... | Wikipedia/Classes_(computer_science) |
In computer science, the two-way string-matching algorithm is a string-searching algorithm, discovered by Maxime Crochemore and Dominique Perrin in 1991. It takes a pattern of size m, called a “needle”, preprocesses it in linear time O(m), producing information that can then be used to search for the needle in any “ha... | Wikipedia/Two-way_string-matching_algorithm |
In computer science, the Commentz-Walter algorithm is a string searching algorithm invented by Beate Commentz-Walter. Like the Aho–Corasick string matching algorithm, it can search for multiple patterns at once. It combines ideas from Aho–Corasick with the fast matching of the Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm. For ... | Wikipedia/Commentz-Walter_algorithm |
In computer science, the Apostolico–Giancarlo algorithm is a variant of the Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm, the basic application of which is searching for occurrences of a pattern P in a text T. As with other comparison-based string searches, this is done by aligning P to a certain index of T and checking whether... | Wikipedia/Apostolico–Giancarlo_algorithm |
Relational models theory (RMT) is a theory of interpersonal relationships, authored by anthropologist Alan Fiske and initially developed from his fieldwork in Burkina Faso. RMT proposes that all human interactions can be described in terms of just four "relational models", or elementary forms of human relations: commun... | Wikipedia/Relational_models_theory |
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