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Occupational science is a discipline dedicated to the study of humans as "doers" or "occupational beings". As used here, the term "occupation" refers to the intentional or goal-directed activities that characterize daily human life as well as the characteristics and patterns of purposeful activity that occur over lifet... | Wikipedia/Occupational_science |
Occupational lung diseases comprise a broad group of diseases, including occupational asthma, industrial bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiolitis obliterans, inhalation injury, interstitial lung diseases (such as pneumoconiosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, lung fibrosis), infections, lu... | Wikipedia/Silo-filler's_disease |
Hazard controls for COVID-19 in workplaces are the application of occupational safety and health methodologies for hazard controls to the prevention of COVID-19. Multiple layers of controls are recommended, including measures such as remote work and flextime, personal protective equipment (PPE) and face coverings, soci... | Wikipedia/Workplace_hazard_controls_for_COVID-19 |
Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is an alternative or complementary type of therapy that includes the use of animals in a treatment. The goal of this animal-assisted intervention is to improve a patient's social, emotional, or cognitive functioning. Studies have documented some positive effects of the therapy on subjectiv... | Wikipedia/Animal-assisted_therapy |
The Kawa model (kawa (かわ)), named after the Japanese word for river, is a culturally responsive conceptual framework used in occupational therapy to understand and guide the therapeutic process. Developed by Japanese occupational therapists (OTs), the model draws upon the metaphor of a river to describe human occupatio... | Wikipedia/Kawa_model |
An occupational disease or industrial disease is any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of work or occupational activity. It is an aspect of occupational safety and health. An occupational disease is typically identified when it is shown that it is more prevalent in a given body of workers than in the general popu... | Wikipedia/Occupational_disease |
Substance use disorders (SUD) can have a significant effect on one's function in all areas of occupation. Physical and psychosocial issues due to SUD can impact occupational performance. Unfulfilled life roles and disruption in meaningful activity can result from lack of structure or routine, poor motivation, limited s... | Wikipedia/Occupational_therapy_and_substance_use_disorder |
Zaglossus attenboroughi, also known as Attenborough's long-beaked echidna or locally as Payangko, is one of three species from the genus Zaglossus that inhabits the island of New Guinea. It lives in the Cyclops Mountains, which are near the cities of Sentani and Jayapura in the Indonesian province of Papua. It is named... | Wikipedia/Sir_David's_long-beaked_echidna |
Chronoperates (meaning "time wanderer" in Greek) is an extinct genus of mammal whose remains have been found in a late Paleocene deposit in Alberta, Canada. It is represented by the type species Chronoperates paradoxus and known only from a partial left lower jaw. It was first identified in 1992 as a non-mammalian cyno... | Wikipedia/Chronoperates |
The short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus), also called the short-nosed echidna, is one of four living species of echidna, and the only member of the genus Tachyglossus, from Ancient Greek ταχύς (takhús), meaning "fast", and γλῶσσα (glôssa), meaning "tongue". It is covered in fur and spines and has a distinctive... | Wikipedia/Short-beaked_echidna |
The eastern long-beaked echidna (Zaglossus bartoni), also known as Barton's long-beaked echidna, is one of three species from the genus Zaglossus to occur in New Guinea. It is found mainly in the eastern half at elevations between 2,000 and 3,000 metres (6,600 and 9,800 ft).
== Description ==
The eastern long-beaked ... | Wikipedia/Eastern_long-beaked_echidna |
Knuckles the Echidna is a character from Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog series. He is a red anthropomorphic short-beaked echidna who is Sonic's secondary best friend and former rival. Determined and serious, but sometimes gullible, he fights his enemies using brute force and strength. His role is established as the guardian... | Wikipedia/Knuckles_the_Echidna |
In Greek mythology, Echidna (; Ancient Greek: Ἔχιδνα, romanized: Ékhidna, lit. 'she-viper', pronounced [ékʰidna]) was a monster, half-woman and half-snake, who lived alone in a cave. She was the mate of the fearsome monster Typhon and was the mother of many of the most famous monsters of Greek myth.
== Genealogy ==
E... | Wikipedia/Echidna_(mythology) |
Echidnas are Australian egg-laying mammals also known as spiny anteaters.
Echidna may also refer to:
Echidna (mythology), monster in Greek mythology and namesake of the mammal
(42355) Typhon I Echidna, the natural satellite of the asteroid 42355 Typhon
ECHIDNA, high-resolution neutron powder diffractometer at Australi... | Wikipedia/Echidna_(disambiguation) |
The western long-beaked echidna (Zaglossus bruijnii) is one of the four extant echidnas and one of three species of Zaglossus that occurs in New Guinea. Originally described as Tachyglossus bruijnii, this is the type species of Zaglossus.
== Description ==
The western long-beaked echidna is an egg-laying mammal. Unli... | Wikipedia/Western_long-beaked_echidna |
Zaglossus, from Ancient Greek ζα (za), from διά (diá), meaning "across", and γλῶσσα (glôssa), meaning "tongue", known as the long-beaked echidnas make up one of the two extant genera of echidnas: there are three extant species, all living in New Guinea. They are medium-sized, solitary mammals covered with coarse hair a... | Wikipedia/Long-beaked_echidna |
Carbon dioxide angiography is a diagnostic radiographic technique in which a carbon dioxide (CO2) based contrast medium is used - unlike traditional angiography where the contrast medium normally used is iodine based – to see and study the body vessels. Since CO2 is a non-radio-opaque contrast medium, angiographic proc... | Wikipedia/Carbon_Dioxide_Angiography |
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a vascular disorder that causes abnormal narrowing of arteries other than those that supply the heart or brain. PAD can happen in any blood vessel, but it is more common in the legs than the arms.
When narrowing occurs in the heart, it is called coronary artery disease (CAD), and in t... | Wikipedia/Peripheral_artery_occlusive_disease |
Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is a fluoroscopy technique used in interventional radiology to clearly visualize blood vessels in a bony or dense soft tissue environment. Images are produced using contrast medium by subtracting a "pre-contrast image" or mask from subsequent images, once the contrast medium has be... | Wikipedia/Intravenous_digital_subtraction_angiography |
A specific branch of contrast-enhanced ultrasound, acoustic angiography is a minimally invasive and non-ionizing medical imaging technique used to visualize vasculature. Acoustic angiography was first developed by the Dayton Laboratory at North Carolina State University and provides a safe, portable, and inexpensive al... | Wikipedia/Acoustic_angiography |
Bypass surgery refers to a class of surgery involving rerouting a tubular body part.
Types include:
Vascular bypass surgery such as coronary artery bypass surgery, a heart operation, in which the internal thoracic artery and great saphanous vein are used to bypass the coronary artery.
Cardiopulmonary bypass, a techni... | Wikipedia/Bypass_surgery |
Periodontal surgery is a form of dental surgery that prevents or corrects anatomical, traumatic, developmental, or plaque-induced defects in the bone, gingiva, or alveolar mucosa. The objectives of this surgery include accessibility of instruments to the root surface, elimination of inflammation, creation of an oral en... | Wikipedia/Periodontal_surgery |
Hypnosurgery is surgery where the patient is sedated using hypnotherapy rather than traditional anaesthetics. It is claimed that hypnosis for anaesthesia has been used since the 1840s where it was pioneered by the surgeon James Braid. There are occasional media reports of surgery being conducted under hypnosis, but sin... | Wikipedia/Hypnosurgery |
Remote surgery (also known as cybersurgery or telesurgery) is the ability for a doctor to perform surgery on a patient even though they are not physically in the same location. It is a form of telepresence. A robot surgical system generally consists of one or more arms (controlled by the surgeon), a master controller... | Wikipedia/Remote_surgery |
Orthopedic surgery or orthopedics (alternative spelling orthopaedics) is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal trauma, spine diseases, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, ... | Wikipedia/Orthopaedic_surgery |
Fluorescence guided surgery (FGS), also called fluorescence image-guided surgery, or in the specific case of tumor resection, fluorescence guided resection, is a medical imaging technique used to detect fluorescently labelled structures during surgery. Similarly to standard image-guided surgery, FGS has the purpose of ... | Wikipedia/Fluorescence_image-guided_surgery |
Exploratory surgery is surgery whose purpose is to look inside the body to help diagnose an ailment. Because surgery is an invasive and often risky intervention, it is typically only used when other methods such as external observation and testing body fluids have failed. Modern imaging techniques, starting with the ... | Wikipedia/Exploratory_surgery |
Otorhinolaryngology ( oh-toh-RY-noh-LARR-in-GOL-ə-jee, abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology – head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) ) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and... | Wikipedia/Head_and_neck_surgery |
Elective surgery or elective procedure is surgery that is scheduled in advance because it does not involve a medical emergency. Semi-elective surgery is a surgery that must be done to preserve the patient's life, but does not need to be performed immediately. Most surgeries are elective, scheduled at a time to suit th... | Wikipedia/Semi-elective_surgery |
Elective surgery or elective procedure is surgery that is scheduled in advance because it does not involve a medical emergency. Semi-elective surgery is a surgery that must be done to preserve the patient's life, but does not need to be performed immediately. Most surgeries are elective, scheduled at a time to suit th... | Wikipedia/Emergency_surgery |
Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty that deals with congenital and acquired deformities of the head, skull, face, neck, jaws and associated structures. Although craniofacial treatment often involves manipulation of bone, craniofacial surgery is not tissue-specific; craniofacial surgeons deal with bone, skin... | Wikipedia/Craniofacial_surgery |
Laparoscopy (from Ancient Greek λαπάρα (lapára) 'flank, side' and σκοπέω (skopéō) 'to see') is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis using small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) with the aid of a camera. The laparoscope aids diagnosis or therapeutic interventions with a few small cuts in the abdomen.
Laparosc... | Wikipedia/Laparoscopic_surgery |
Otorhinolaryngology ( oh-toh-RY-noh-LARR-in-GOL-ə-jee, abbreviated ORL and also known as otolaryngology, otolaryngology – head and neck surgery (ORL–H&N or OHNS), or ear, nose, and throat (ENT) ) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with the surgical and medical management of conditions of the head and... | Wikipedia/ENT_surgery |
Surgery is a medical specialty that uses operative treatment.
Surgery may also refer to:
== Medicine ==
Operating theater, where surgery is performed, or the offices of the practitioner, the surgeon
Doctor's surgery, British term for a doctor's office, a facility in which a general practitioner sees patients
Surgery ... | Wikipedia/Surgery_(disambiguation) |
Urology (from Greek οὖρον ouron "urine" and -λογία -logia "study of"), also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the urinary system and the reproductive organs. Organs under the domain of urology include the kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, urinary ... | Wikipedia/Urological_surgery |
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a decline in cognitive function (especially in memory and executive functions) that may last from 1–12 months after surgery, or longer. In some cases, this disorder may persist for several years after major surgery. POCD is distinct from emergence delirium. Its causes are u... | Wikipedia/Postoperative_cognitive_dysfunction |
Digestive system surgery, or gastrointestinal surgery, can be divided into upper GI surgery and lower GI surgery.
== Subtypes ==
=== Upper gastrointestinal ===
Upper gastrointestinal surgery, often referred to as upper GI surgery, refers to a practise of surgery that focuses on the upper parts of the gastrointestin... | Wikipedia/Gastrointestinal_surgery |
Outpatient surgery, also known as ambulatory surgery, day surgery, day case surgery, or same-day surgery, is surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay. The term “outpatient” arises from the fact that surgery patients may enter and leave the facility on the same day. The advantages of outpatient surgery o... | Wikipedia/Outpatient_surgery |
Pott's disease, or Pott disease, named for British surgeon Percivall Pott who first described the symptoms in 1799, is tuberculosis of the spine, usually due to haematogenous spread from other sites, often the lungs. The lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae areas of the spine are most often affected.
It causes a k... | Wikipedia/Pott_disease |
Robot-assisted surgery or robotic surgery are any types of surgical procedures that are performed using robotic systems. Robotically assisted surgery was developed to try to overcome the limitations of pre-existing minimally-invasive surgical procedures and to enhance the capabilities of surgeons performing open surger... | Wikipedia/Robotic_surgery |
Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves (typically 1 mm in diameter) which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and re-... | Wikipedia/Microsurgery |
The Disease Control Priorities Project (DCPP) is an ongoing project that aims to determine priorities for disease control across the world, particularly in low-income countries. The project is most well known for the second edition of the report Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (published in 2006, oft... | Wikipedia/Disease_Control_Priorities_Project |
Podiatry ( poh-DY-ə-tree), also known as chiropody (kai-RAW-puh-dee) or podiatric medicine and surgery ( POH-dee-AT-rik, poh-DY-ə-trik), is a branch of medicine devoted to the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle and lower limb. The healthcare professional is known as a podiatrist. The US pod... | Wikipedia/Podiatric_surgery |
Cryosurgery (with cryo from the Ancient Greek κρύο 'icy cold') is the use of extreme cold in surgery to destroy abnormal or diseased tissue; thus, it is the surgical application of cryoablation.
Cryosurgery has been historically used to treat a number of diseases and disorders, especially a variety of benign and malign... | Wikipedia/Cryosurgery |
Breast surgery is a form of surgery performed on the breast.
== Types ==
Types include:
Breast augmentation
Breast reduction
Breast-conserving surgery, a less radical cancer surgery than mastectomy
Lumpectomy
Mastectomy
Mastopexy, or breast lift surgery
Microdochectomy (removal of a lactiferous duct)
Surgery for bre... | Wikipedia/Breast_surgery |
Minimally invasive procedures (also known as minimally invasive surgeries) encompass surgical techniques that limit the size of incisions needed, thereby reducing wound healing time, associated pain, and risk of infection. Surgery by definition is invasive, and many operations requiring incisions of some size are refer... | Wikipedia/Minimally_invasive_surgery |
An endoscopy is a procedure used in medicine to look inside the body. The endoscopy procedure uses an endoscope to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike many other medical imaging techniques, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ.
There are many types of endoscopies. Depending o... | Wikipedia/Endoscopic_surgery |
A sexually transmitted infection (STI), also referred to as a sexually transmitted disease (STD) and the older term venereal disease (VD), is an infection that is spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex, oral sex, or sometimes manual sex. STIs often do not initially cause symptoms, which res... | Wikipedia/Venereal_disease |
Dentistry, also known as dental medicine and oral medicine, is the branch of medicine focused on the teeth, gums, and mouth. It consists of the study, diagnosis, prevention, management, and treatment of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the mouth, most commonly focused on dentition (the development and arrangement... | Wikipedia/Dental_surgery |
In chemistry, a solution is defined by IUPAC as "A liquid or solid phase containing more than one substance, when for convenience one (or more) substance, which is called the solvent, is treated differently from the other substances, which are called solutes. When, as is often but not necessarily the case, the sum of t... | Wikipedia/Chemical_solutions |
Grafting refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed. A similar technique where tissue is transferred with the blood supply intact is called a flap. ... | Wikipedia/Graft_(surgery) |
A surgical drain is a tube used to remove pus, blood or other fluids from a wound, body cavity, or organ. They are commonly placed by surgeons or interventional radiologists after procedures or some types of injuries, but they can also be used as an intervention for decompression. There are several types of drains, and... | Wikipedia/Drain_(surgery) |
Elective surgery or elective procedure is surgery that is scheduled in advance because it does not involve a medical emergency. Semi-elective surgery is a surgery that must be done to preserve the patient's life, but does not need to be performed immediately. Most surgeries are elective, scheduled at a time to suit th... | Wikipedia/Elective_surgery |
Cardiothoracic surgery is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thoracic cavity — generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease), lungs (lung disease), and other pleural or mediastinal structures.
In most countries, cardiothoracic surgery is further subspecialized int... | Wikipedia/Thoracic_surgery |
Flap surgery is a technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery where tissue with an intact blood supply is lifted from a donor site and moved to a recipient site. Flaps are distinct from grafts, which do not have an intact blood supply and relies on the growth of new blood vessels. Flaps are done to fill a defect su... | Wikipedia/Flap_(surgery) |
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who manages diseases related to skin.
== Etymology ==
Attested in English in 1819, the word "dermatology" derives from the Greek δέρματος (dermatos), g... | Wikipedia/Skin_surgery |
Bariatric surgery (also known as metabolic surgery or weight loss surgery) is a surgical procedure used to manage obesity and obesity-related conditions. Long term weight loss with bariatric surgery may be achieved through alteration of gut hormones, physical reduction of stomach size (stomach reduction surgery), reduc... | Wikipedia/Bariatric_Surgery |
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) also officially known as Oral Rehydration Solution is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea. It involves drinking water with modest amounts of sugar and salts, specifically sodium and potassium. Oral rehydration therapy can also be g... | Wikipedia/Oral_rehydration_therapy |
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, ... | Wikipedia/Reconstructive_plastic_surgery |
Rheumatology (from Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma) 'flowing current') is a branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and management of disorders whose common feature is inflammation in the bones, muscles, joints, and internal organs. Rheumatology covers more than 100 different complex diseases, collectively known as rheumatic ... | Wikipedia/Rheumasurgery |
The miasma theory (also called the miasmic theory) is an abandoned medical theory that held that diseases—such as cholera, chlamydia, or plague—were caused by a miasma (μίασμα, Ancient Greek for 'pollution'), a noxious form of "bad air", also known as night air. The theory held that epidemics were caused by miasma, ema... | Wikipedia/Miasma_theory_of_disease |
Minimally invasive procedures (also known as minimally invasive surgeries) encompass surgical techniques that limit the size of incisions needed, thereby reducing wound healing time, associated pain, and risk of infection. Surgery by definition is invasive, and many operations requiring incisions of some size are refer... | Wikipedia/Open_surgery |
Plastic surgery is a surgical specialty involving restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human body. It can be divided into two main categories: reconstructive surgery and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery covers a wide range of specialties, including craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, microsurgery, ... | Wikipedia/Cosmetic_surgery |
Pediatric plastic surgery is plastic surgery performed on children. Its procedures are predominantly conducted for reconstructive purposes, although some cosmetic procedures are performed on children as well. In children, the line between cosmetic and reconstructive surgery is often blurred, as many congenital deformit... | Wikipedia/Pediatric_plastic_surgery |
Spectral imaging is an umbrella term for energy-resolved X-ray imaging in medicine. The technique makes use of the energy dependence of X-ray attenuation to either increase the contrast-to-noise ratio, or to provide quantitative image data and reduce image artefacts by so-called material decomposition. Dual-energy imag... | Wikipedia/Spectral_imaging_(radiography) |
Digital radiography is a form of radiography that uses x-ray–sensitive plates to directly capture data during the patient examination, immediately transferring it to a computer system without the use of an intermediate cassette. Advantages include time efficiency through bypassing chemical processing and the ability to... | Wikipedia/Digital_radiography |
Projectional radiography, also known as conventional radiography, is a form of radiography and medical imaging that produces two-dimensional images by X-ray radiation. The image acquisition is generally performed by radiographers, and the images are often examined by radiologists. Both the procedure and any resultant i... | Wikipedia/Projection_radiography |
Medical ultrasound includes diagnostic techniques (mainly imaging) using ultrasound, as well as therapeutic applications of ultrasound. In diagnosis, it is used to create an image of internal body structures such as tendons, muscles, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, to measure some characteristics (e.g., dis... | Wikipedia/Ultrasonography |
Radiographers, also known as radiology technologists, radiologic technologists, diagnostic radiographers and medical radiation technologists, are healthcare professionals who specialise in the imaging of human anatomy for the diagnosis and treatment of pathology. Radiographers are sometimes popularly known as x-ray tec... | Wikipedia/Radiographer |
Industrial computed tomography (CT) scanning is any computer-aided tomographic process, usually X-ray computed tomography, that uses irradiation to produce three-dimensional internal and external representations of a scanned object. Industrial CT scanning has been used in many areas of industry for internal inspection ... | Wikipedia/Industrial_computed_tomography |
Physiology (; from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) 'nature, origin' and -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out chemical and ... | Wikipedia/physiology |
Clinical physiology is an academic discipline within the medical sciences and a clinical medical specialty for physicians in the health care systems of Sweden, Denmark, Portugal and Finland. Clinical physiology is characterized as a branch of physiology that uses a functional approach to understand the pathophysiology ... | Wikipedia/Clinical_physiology |
Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is a complete evaluation of the respiratory system including patient history, physical examinations, and tests of pulmonary function. The primary purpose of pulmonary function testing is to identify the severity of pulmonary impairment. Pulmonary function testing has diagnostic and th... | Wikipedia/Pulmonary_function_testing |
Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.
Immunology charts, measures, and contextualizes the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimm... | Wikipedia/immunology |
Apolipoprotein C-III also known as apo-CIII, and apolipoprotein C3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC3 gene. Apo-CIII is secreted by the liver as well as the small intestine, and is found on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and remnant cholestero... | Wikipedia/Apolipoprotein_C3 |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Hashimoto's disease and autoimmune thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed.
Early on, symptoms may not be noticed. Over time, the thyroid may enlarge, forming a painless goiter. Most people eventually... | Wikipedia/Hashimoto's_disease |
In immunology, clonal selection theory explains the functions of cells of the immune system (lymphocytes) in response to specific antigens invading the body. The concept was introduced by Australian doctor Frank Macfarlane Burnet in 1957, in an attempt to explain the great diversity of antibodies formed during initiati... | Wikipedia/Clonal_selection_theory |
The danger model of the immune system proposes that it differentiates between components that are capable of causing damage, rather than distinguishing between self and non-self.
== History of immunologic models ==
The first major immunologic model was the Self/Non-self Model proposed by Macfarlane Burnet and Frank F... | Wikipedia/Danger_model |
The term abdominal surgery broadly covers surgical procedures that involve opening the abdomen (laparotomy). Surgery of each abdominal organ is dealt with separately in connection with the description of that organ (see stomach, kidney, liver, etc.) Diseases affecting the abdominal cavity are dealt with generally unde... | Wikipedia/Abdominal_surgery |
General Surgery is a Swedish goregrind group known as one of the earliest Carcass clones. Their 1991 debut Necrology was released by Relapse Records and would be General Surgery's only material released until 2001, when the group recorded one track for the Carcass tribute album, Requiems of Revulsion. However, in 2003,... | Wikipedia/General_Surgery_(band) |
Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient, to replace a damaged or missing organ. The donor and recipient may be at the same location, or organs may be transported from a donor site to another location. Organs and/or tissues that are t... | Wikipedia/Transplant_surgery |
Apolipoprotein C-III also known as apo-CIII, and apolipoprotein C3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC3 gene. Apo-CIII is secreted by the liver as well as the small intestine, and is found on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and remnant cholestero... | Wikipedia/Apolipoprotein_C-III |
Orthognathic surgery (), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodo... | Wikipedia/Orthognathic_surgery |
Mesotherapy (from Greek mesos, "middle", and therapy from Greek therapeia) is a form of alternative medicine which involves intradermal or subcutaneous injections of pharmaceutical preparations, enzymes, hormones, plant extracts, vitamins, and/or other ingredients such as hyaluronic acid. It has no proven clinical effi... | Wikipedia/Mesotherapy |
Pediatric surgery is a subspecialty of surgery involving the surgery of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.
== History ==
Pediatric surgery arose in the middle of the 1879 century as the surgical care of birth defects required novel techniques and methods, and became more commonly based at chil... | Wikipedia/Paediatric_surgery |
Cold compression therapy, also known as hilotherapy, combines two of the principles of rest, ice, compression, elevation to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury to soft tissues and is recommended by orthopedic surgeons following surgery. The therapy is especially useful for sprains, strains, pulled... | Wikipedia/Hilotherapy |
Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) is a surgical specialty focusing on reconstructive surgery of the face, facial trauma surgery, the mouth, head and neck, and jaws, as well as facial plastic surgery including cleft lip and cleft palate surgery.
== Specialty ==
An oral and maxillofacial surgeon is a specialist sur... | Wikipedia/Oral_and_Maxillofacial_Surgery |
An imperforate anus or anorectal malformations (ARMs) are birth defects in which the rectum is malformed. ARMs are a spectrum of different congenital anomalies which vary from fairly minor lesions to complex anomalies. The cause of ARMs is unknown; the genetic basis of these anomalies is very complex because of their a... | Wikipedia/Imperforate_anus |
Cataract surgery, also called lens replacement surgery, is the removal of the natural lens of the eye that has developed a cataract, an opaque or cloudy area. The eye's natural lens is usually replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) implant.
Over time, metabolic changes of the crystalline lens fibres lead to... | Wikipedia/Cataract_surgery |
The Alpins Method is a system to plan and analyze the results of refractive surgical procedures, such as laser in-situ keratomileus (LASIK). The Alpins Method is also used to plan cataract/toric intraocular lens (IOL) surgical procedures.
The Alpins Method uses vector mathematics to determine a goal for astigmatism cor... | Wikipedia/Alpins_method |
Ocular surgery may be performed under topical, local or general anesthesia. Local anaesthesia is more preferred because it is economical, easy to perform and the risk involved is less. Local anaesthesia has a rapid onset of action and provides a dilated pupil with low intraocular pressure.
== History ==
Susruta Samhi... | Wikipedia/Anesthesia_for_eye_surgery |
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser-assisted sub-epithelial keratectomy (or laser epithelial keratomileusis) (LASEK) are laser eye surgery procedures intended to correct a person's vision, reducing dependency on glasses or contact lenses. LASEK and PRK permanently change the shape of the anterior central cornea... | Wikipedia/Photorefractive_keratectomy |
Micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) is the latest advance in surgical treatment for glaucoma, which aims to reduce intraocular pressure by either increasing outflow of aqueous humor or reducing its production. MIGS comprises a group of surgical procedures which share common features. MIGS procedures involve a minima... | Wikipedia/Minimally_invasive_glaucoma_surgery |
Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is a diagnostic procedure used to examine choroidal blood flow and associated pathology. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a water soluble cyanine dye which shows fluorescence in near-infrared (790–805 nm) range, with peak spectral absorption of 800-810 nm in blood. The near infrared light... | Wikipedia/Indocyanine_green_angiography |
Electrodiagnosis (EDX) is a method of medical diagnosis that obtains information about diseases by passively recording the electrical activity of body parts (that is, their natural electrophysiology) or by measuring their response to external electrical stimuli (evoked potentials). The most widely used methods of recor... | Wikipedia/Electrodiagnosis |
Glaucoma is a group of diseases affecting the optic nerve that results in vision loss and is frequently characterized by raised intraocular pressure (IOP). There are many glaucoma surgeries, and variations or combinations of those surgeries, that facilitate the escape of excess aqueous humor from the eye to lower intra... | Wikipedia/Glaucoma_surgery |
Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is an evolution of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE); the lens is removed from the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound. A well-constructed scleral tunnel is held closed by internal pressure, is watertight, and does not require suturing. The wound is rela... | Wikipedia/Manual_small_incision_cataract_surgery |
The Heidelberg Retinal Tomography is a diagnostic procedure used in ophthalmology. The Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) is an ophthalmological confocal point scanning laser ophthalmoscope for examining the cornea and certain areas of the retina using different diagnostic modules (HRT retina, HRT cornea, HRT glaucoma).... | Wikipedia/Heidelberg_Retinal_Tomography |
Botulinum toxin therapy of strabismus is a medical technique used sometimes in the management of strabismus, in which botulinum toxin is injected into selected extraocular muscles in order to reduce the misalignment of the eyes. The injection of the toxin to treat strabismus, reported upon in 1981, is considered to be ... | Wikipedia/Botulinum_toxin_therapy_of_strabismus |
The lens, or crystalline lens, is a transparent biconvex structure in most land vertebrate eyes. Relatively long, thin fiber cells make up the majority of the lens. These cells vary in architecture and are arranged in concentric layers. New layers of cells are recruited from a thin epithelium at the front of the lens, ... | Wikipedia/Lens_(vertebrate_anatomy) |
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