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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-26724575-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20for%20the%20Birds | Something for the Birds | Plot | Something for the Birds is a 1952 film directed by Robert Wise and starring Victor Mature and Patricia Neal. | Johnnie Adams, an engraver in Washington, uses some of the invitations his firm makes to crash Washington parties. He gets to be called "Admiral", and is accepted as part of the social group.
Johnnie meets Anne Richards, who's interested in preventing a gas company from drilling on certain west coast lands, which should destroy the breeding grounds of some California condors.
She enlists Johnnie's aid, and he asks Steve Bennett, a lobbyist, for help. However, unknown to him, Bennett's company is also employed to lobby Congress to develop the land: and he's the one they've chosen.
When an investigating committee gets on the job, Johnnie's actual position is exposed, and he comes in for national publicity.
This makes it possible for the bird sanctuary to be saved, and Johnnie gets his job back, with a promotion. Steve, who has had a falling out with Anne, finds himself invited to his own wedding, by Anne, to her: she had Johnnie print the invitations: smiling, he puts one in his pocket. | [] | [
"Plot"
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"20th Century Fox films",
"American comedy films",
"1952 comedy films",
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"1950s American films"
] |
projected-26724575-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20for%20the%20Birds | Something for the Birds | Cast | Something for the Birds is a 1952 film directed by Robert Wise and starring Victor Mature and Patricia Neal. | Victor Mature as Steve Bennett
Patricia Neal as Anne Richards
Edmund Gwenn as Admiral Johnnie Adams
Larry Keating as Roy Patterson
Gladys Hurlbut as Della Rice
Christian Rub as Leo Fischer (his last film)
Ian Wolfe as Foster
Madge Blake as Mrs. J.L.Chadwick
Archer MacDonald as T.Courtney Lemmer | [] | [
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"Films directed by Robert Wise",
"20th Century Fox films",
"American comedy films",
"1952 comedy films",
"American black-and-white films",
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"1950s American films"
] |
projected-26724575-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20for%20the%20Birds | Something for the Birds | Production | Something for the Birds is a 1952 film directed by Robert Wise and starring Victor Mature and Patricia Neal. | The film was based on an original story by Joseph Petracca and Alvin Josephy about the romance between an environmentalist and a lobbyist. It was purchased by 20th Century Fox in October 1950 and assigned to producer Sam Engel. Boris Ingster wrote the script. The original stars were Anne Baxter (environmentalist), Paul Douglas (lobbyist) and Victor Moore (admiral). However, Douglas dropped out when his contract with Fox terminated, and he was replaced by Dana Andrews.
The film took some months to go into production. By April 1952, Baxter had dropped out and Jeanne Crain was to star. But Crain had just given birth and could not get medical clearance to make the movie so Patricia Neal was cast instead. The male romantic lead was given to Victor Mature, who was meant to be in Farmer Takes a Wife for Fox but was reassigned. At this stage the title had been changed to Old Sailors Never Die. The other lead role was given to Edmund Gwenn, who played a counterfeiter for Fox in Mister 880.
I.A.L. Diamond was bought in to rewrite the script.
Filming started May 1952. The cast included Christian Rub, making his first film in five years.
"It's a nice script", said Neal. "I've appeared in comedies before but this is my first real comedy role." | [] | [
"Production"
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"Films directed by Robert Wise",
"20th Century Fox films",
"American comedy films",
"1952 comedy films",
"American black-and-white films",
"1950s English-language films",
"1950s American films"
] |
projected-26724575-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Something%20for%20the%20Birds | Something for the Birds | Reception | Something for the Birds is a 1952 film directed by Robert Wise and starring Victor Mature and Patricia Neal. | Producer Julius Blaustein liked Mature and Neal so much he bought an original story from Francis Cockerell, The Desert, to reteam them but it was never made. | [] | [
"Reception"
] | [
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"Films directed by Robert Wise",
"20th Century Fox films",
"American comedy films",
"1952 comedy films",
"American black-and-white films",
"1950s English-language films",
"1950s American films"
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projected-56571016-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques%20B%C3%A9chio | Jean-Jacques Béchio | Introduction | Jean-Jacques Béchio (22 August 1949 – 12 February 2018) was an Ivorian politician. A member of the Attie ethnic group, he came from the student trade union milieu where he started his career. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2018 deaths",
"Ivorian politicians",
"People from Grand-Bassam"
] | |
projected-56571016-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques%20B%C3%A9chio | Jean-Jacques Béchio | References | Jean-Jacques Béchio (22 August 1949 – 12 February 2018) was an Ivorian politician. A member of the Attie ethnic group, he came from the student trade union milieu where he started his career. | Category:1949 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:Ivorian politicians
Category:People from Grand-Bassam | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2018 deaths",
"Ivorian politicians",
"People from Grand-Bassam"
] |
projected-26724576-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | Introduction | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
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"Gastropods described in 1778",
"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] | |
projected-26724576-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | Distribution | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico to South America; in the Atlantic Ocean off West Africa and the Cape Verdes; in the Indian Ocean off Tanzania. | [] | [
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] | [
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"Gastropods described in 1778",
"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] |
projected-26724576-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | Description | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The maximum recorded shell length is 103 mm.
Conantokin-E is a toxin derived from the venom of Conus ermineus.
It is a fishing eating species. Utilizes specialized hollow harpoon like radula tooth to harpoon small fish and paralyze them with venom to facilitate swallowing. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1778",
"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] |
projected-26724576-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | Habitat | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Minimum recorded depth is 0 m. Maximum recorded depth is 101 m. | [] | [
"Habitat"
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"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] |
projected-26724576-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | Venom | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Conus ermineus is a venomous species and capable of stinging humans, so it should be treated with caution. A delta-conotoxin (delta-EVIA) isolated from the venom of C. ermineus inhibits the inactivation of vertebrate Na + neural channels. | [] | [
"Venom"
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"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] |
projected-26724576-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20ermineus | Conus ermineus | References | Conus ermineus, common name the turtle cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Petit, R. E. (2009). George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and molluscan taxa. Zootaxa. 2189: 1–218
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
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"Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean",
"Molluscs of the Indian Ocean",
"Gastropods of Cape Verde",
"Invertebrates of Tanzania",
"Taxa named by Ignaz von Born"
] |
projected-44501391-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%20Hill%20Historic%20District | Paris Hill Historic District | Introduction | The Paris Hill Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village of Paris Hill in Paris, Maine. This village was the primary civic seat in the town, which is also the county seat of Oxford County, and was where county facilities were located until they were moved to South Paris in 1895. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential, civic, and religious structures dating roughly from 1800 to 1860, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. | [] | [
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"Greek Revival architecture in Maine",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1789",
"Paris, Maine",
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine",
"1789 establishments in Massachusetts",
"National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County,... | |
projected-44501391-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%20Hill%20Historic%20District | Paris Hill Historic District | Description | The Paris Hill Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village of Paris Hill in Paris, Maine. This village was the primary civic seat in the town, which is also the county seat of Oxford County, and was where county facilities were located until they were moved to South Paris in 1895. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential, civic, and religious structures dating roughly from 1800 to 1860, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. | The village of Paris Hill occupies the top of Paris Hill, which at above sea level provides commanding views of the White Mountains to the west. The main road through the district is Paris Hill Road, and its central point is the former county common, which is roughly circumscribed by Hannibal Hamlin Drive. The village extends for a short way along Lincoln and Tremont Streets; the total area of the district is about .
Most of the houses built in the district were built between 1800 and 1860, with almost none coming after the relocation of the county facilities in 1895. The oldest house, the Lemuel Jackson, Jr. House, was built in 1789. Most of the buildings are either Federal or Greek Revival in their styling, although there are a fair number of Italianate houses, as well as one mansard-roofed Second Empire house. Only one commercial building has survived on the hill: it was built c. 1808 by Simeon Cummings, and converted to a residence by his son.
The buildings formerly associated with county functions have been well preserved. Arrayed around the common on Hannibal Hamlin Drive, these include a courthouse, brick office building, and stone jail, the latter now repurposed to house a library. Also on the common is the Baptist Church, a Greek Revival structure built in 1838. | [] | [
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"National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County,... |
projected-44501391-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%20Hill%20Historic%20District | Paris Hill Historic District | History | The Paris Hill Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village of Paris Hill in Paris, Maine. This village was the primary civic seat in the town, which is also the county seat of Oxford County, and was where county facilities were located until they were moved to South Paris in 1895. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential, civic, and religious structures dating roughly from 1800 to 1860, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. | Paris Hill was originally known as "Jackson Hill", after the owner of the land at its top. The Paris area was settled beginning about 1780, and the town was incorporated in 1793. Oxford County was established in 1805, and Paris was chosen as its county seat. As Paris Hill was then the civic center of the town, the county infrastructure was built there, as were the Baptist Church and the Paris Hill Academy (the latter in 1856).
Because the village was not near any source of waterpower, needed for industrial activity, economic influence began to shift toward South Paris in the first half of the 19th century, and became more significant on the second half with the arrival of the railroad at South Paris in 1847. Although a number of smaller business flourished in Paris Hill, most of them eventually relocated to South Paris, and the county facilities were relocated there in 1895. The village is now maintained by the efforts of both year-round and summer residents.
A number of politicians notable in Maine history are known to have lived in Paris Hill. The most famous is Hannibal Hamlin (1809-1891), who served as United States Vice President during Abraham Lincoln's first term; he was born in Paris Hill. Hamlin, along with Paris Hill residents Enoch Lincoln, Sidney Perham, and Albion Keith Parris, also served as Governor of Maine. | [] | [
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"Greek Revival architecture in Maine",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1789",
"Paris, Maine",
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine",
"1789 establishments in Massachusetts",
"National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County,... |
projected-44501391-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%20Hill%20Historic%20District | Paris Hill Historic District | See also | The Paris Hill Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village of Paris Hill in Paris, Maine. This village was the primary civic seat in the town, which is also the county seat of Oxford County, and was where county facilities were located until they were moved to South Paris in 1895. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential, civic, and religious structures dating roughly from 1800 to 1860, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. | National Register of Historic Places listings in Oxford County, Maine | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Federal architecture in Maine",
"Greek Revival architecture in Maine",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1789",
"Paris, Maine",
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine",
"1789 establishments in Massachusetts",
"National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County,... |
projected-44501391-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris%20Hill%20Historic%20District | Paris Hill Historic District | References | The Paris Hill Historic District encompasses the historic 19th century village of Paris Hill in Paris, Maine. This village was the primary civic seat in the town, which is also the county seat of Oxford County, and was where county facilities were located until they were moved to South Paris in 1895. The district includes a collection of well-preserved residential, civic, and religious structures dating roughly from 1800 to 1860, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. | Category:Federal architecture in Maine
Category:Greek Revival architecture in Maine
Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1789
Category:Paris, Maine
Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine
Category:1789 establishments in Massachusetts
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County, Maine | [] | [
"References"
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"Federal architecture in Maine",
"Greek Revival architecture in Maine",
"Buildings and structures completed in 1789",
"Paris, Maine",
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine",
"1789 establishments in Massachusetts",
"National Register of Historic Places in Oxford County,... |
projected-08555526-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Introduction | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"United States proposed federal immigration and nationality legislation",
"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... | |
projected-08555526-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Definitions of Permanent Partner and Permanent Partnership | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | UAFA includes the following definitions:
The term "permanent partner" means an individual 18 years of age or older who--
(A) is in a committed, intimate relationship with another individual 18 years of age or older in which both parties intend a lifelong commitment;
(B) is financially interdependent with that other individual;
(C) is not married to or in a permanent partnership with anyone other than that other individual;
(D) is unable to contract with that other individual a marriage cognizable under this Act; and
(E) is not a first, second, or third degree blood relation of that other individual.
The term "permanent partnership" means the relationship that exists between two permanent partners. | [] | [
"Definitions of Permanent Partner and Permanent Partnership"
] | [
"United States proposed federal immigration and nationality legislation",
"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-08555526-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Legislative history | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | In the House of Representatives the bill was referred to the United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law. This subcommittee has sixteen members including the Chairman Zoe Lofgren (D-CA) and ranking member Representative Steve King (R-IA). The subcommittee consists of representatives from the states of California, Texas, Illinois, Utah, Iowa, Mississippi, New York and Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi (D) from Puerto Rico. The subcommittee has six Republicans and ten Democrats on board.
In the Senate the bill was referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary which consists of nineteen members which includes Chairman Patrick Leahy (D-VT) who re-introduced the bill and Ranking Member Senator Jefferson Sessions (R-AL). The committee consists of seven Republican Senators and twelve Democratic Senators. The Representatives on the committee come from seventeen different states; this differs vastly from the subcommittee to which the House of Representatives bill has been referred to. Senator Patrick Leahy held a hearing on the bill on June 3, 2009. The hearing was the first-ever hearing on the Uniting American Families Act. In the opinion of the national organization, Immigration Equality, the hearing was a fundamental and important first step for bringing UAFA into comprehensive immigration reform.
On December 15, 2009, Congressman Luis Gutiérrez (D-IL) introduced his comprehensive immigration reform bill, H.R. 4321, the Comprehensive Immigration Reform for America's Security and Prosperity Act of 2009 (CIR ASAP Act). Initially, it did not include UAFA, which upset many gay rights activists. However, on July 15, 2010, Congressman Gutiérrez announced, "provisions of UAFA must be part of any comprehensive immigration reform bill." Senator Charles Schumer wrote a letter to his LGBT constituency in March 2010 indicating that he is currently working with colleagues of both parties to work on comprehensive immigration reform. This comprehensive immigration reform, which in Senator Schumer's mind is more effective than "piecemeal legislation", will address the issue in the Uniting American Families Act. An important political issue with UAFA revolves around the principle of family reunification; many conservatives do not want to be seen as anti-family reunification, especially with the growing Latino voter base. Of note, is the fact that forty percent of LGBT binational couples in the United States include a Latino family member. | [] | [
"Legislative history"
] | [
"United States proposed federal immigration and nationality legislation",
"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-08555526-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Effects of Obergefell v. Hodges Supreme Court decision | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | In response to Obergefell v. Hodges Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano issued a statement on July 1, 2013 clarifying that LGBT spouses and fiancés would henceforth be treated the same as heterosexual couples for immigration purposes. This eliminated the need for a stand alone bill. | [] | [
"Effects of Obergefell v. Hodges Supreme Court decision"
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"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
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"LGBT rights in the United States",
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"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-08555526-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Support for Uniting American Families Act | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | The support for the Uniting American Families Act has increased in the House of Representatives, but much less so in the Senate. Organizations such as the Human Rights Campaign (HRC) and Immigration Equality, both supporters of LGBT rights legislation, support the bill. The HRC points out that the process for sponsoring a partner will have the same requirements that opposite-sex couples face. HRC also reports that 22 countries recognize same-sex couples under immigration law, including France, Germany, Israel, and the United Kingdom, among others. The American Civil Liberties Union wrote in a letter of support for UAFA to senators that the bill does not provide special benefits for same-sex couples, but provides equal sponsorship. The ACLU also mentions that the bill follows traditional family reunification principles in immigration law that are already commonplace in various countries. The Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund (MALDEF) supports UAFA and asks that comprehensive immigration reform include lesbian and gay immigrants.
Several corporations and organizations, such as Intel Corporation and the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union, have expressed support for the bill. The Immigration Equality website has a list of organizations, labor unions, civil rights groups, religious institutions, and businesses that support the bill including Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbians and Gays, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, League of United Latin American Citizens, American Bar Association, American Airlines and the American Jewish Committee. | [] | [
"Support for Uniting American Families Act"
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"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
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"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-08555526-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Opposition to Uniting American Families Act | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | Opponents believe that UAFA could open up the doors for Illegal immigration even though it would penalize those who attempt to evade immigration law. They believe that it will be hard for immigration officers to actually determine whether the partnership is long-term and permanent. The Center for Immigration Studies does not support the bill because, in their opinion, it does not provide a reliable measure for indicating who is in a long-term committed partnership. While previously supporting family reunification legislation, such as H.R. 6638, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops does not support the inclusion of the Uniting American Families Act in a larger bill or standing on its own. National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference's (NHCLC) leader Reverend Samuel Rodriguez predicts that the wide and strong support that the NHCLC has garnered for comprehensive immigration reform will be lost if same-sex couples are to benefit from the reform.
Roy Beck, the founder and CEO of NumbersUSA, an which works for lower immigration levels, opposed the Act. | [] | [
"Opposition to Uniting American Families Act"
] | [
"United States proposed federal immigration and nationality legislation",
"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-08555526-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniting%20American%20Families%20Act | Uniting American Families Act | Coverage of different-sex couples | The Uniting American Families Act (UAFA, , ) is a U.S. bill to amend the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 to eliminate discrimination in immigration by permitting permanent partners of United States citizens and of lawful permanent residents to obtain lawful permanent resident status in the same manner as spouses of citizens and of lawful permanent residents and to penalize immigration fraud in connection with permanent partnerships. If the partnership ends within two years, the sponsored partner's immigrant status would be subject to review.
Beginning in the 111th Congress, the full text of UAFA, further expanded to provide rights to the children or stepchildren of the foreign-born partner, has been included as Title II of the Reuniting Families Act (), an immigration reform bill, last introduced in the United States House of Representatives on February 14, 2013, by California Congressman Michael Honda (D-CA).
UAFA was introduced on February 13, 2013, in the United States Senate by Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) and in the United States House of Representatives by New York Congressman Jerrold Nadler (D-NY). The Senate version has 29 cosponsors. The Senate legislation has been referred to the Senate Committee on the Judiciary. Most of the cosponsors are Democrats and there is little Republican support for the legislation. The 2013 bill was cosponsored by Republican Congressmen Charlie Dent and Richard L. Hanna.
There are an estimated 36,000 same-sex binational couples in 2000, according to the Census, who could benefit from this act. | The bill's language applies only to applicable LGBT individuals and excludes different-sex couples from becoming permanent partners under its provisions. Same-sex couples with valid marriage certificates are prohibited from being considered "married" under this act and can only apply for visas as permanent partners. Due to the inability to be recognized as married partners under this act, the act then allows individuals who have had the opportunity in other states and countries to be married, but have chosen not to, the same immigration rights as those who have pursued marriage.
Although the bill is designed to align the rights of same-sex couples with those of different-sex couples, binational same-sex couples are unlikely to resemble different-sex couples. This could be due to international immigration law, especially in the case of financial interdependence if certain countries require finances to be kept separate in these cases, thus already excluding some couples and asking more than what different-sex couples must prove. | [] | [
"Coverage of different-sex couples"
] | [
"United States proposed federal immigration and nationality legislation",
"Proposed legislation of the 113th United States Congress",
"Immigration and LGBT topics",
"United States proposed federal LGBT legislation",
"LGBT rights in the United States",
"2009 in LGBT history",
"Same-sex union legislation ... |
projected-44501396-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker%20%28nickname%29 | Joker (nickname) | Introduction | Joker is a nickname of the following people: | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lists of people by nickname"
] | |
projected-44501396-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker%20%28nickname%29 | Joker (nickname) | People with the nickname | Joker is a nickname of the following people: | Joker Arroyo (1927–2015), Filipino lawyer, politician and senator
Jonas Berggren (born 1967), Swedish musician
Novak Djokovic (born 1987), Serbian tennis player
Alex Hall (Australian footballer) (1869–1933), Australian rules footballer
Nikola Jokić (born 1995), Serbian basketball player
Jess Liaudin (born 1973), French mixed martial artist
Joker Phillips (born 1963), American former football player and coach
Joe Randa (born 1969), American retired Major League Baseball player
Yong Jun-hyung (born 1989), South Korean pop singer
Mac Jones (born 1998), American football quarterback | [] | [
"People with the nickname"
] | [
"Lists of people by nickname"
] |
projected-44501396-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker%20%28nickname%29 | Joker (nickname) | Fictional characters with the nickname | Joker is a nickname of the following people: | Joker, the protagonist in Stanley Kubrick's 1987 film Full Metal Jacket
Joker (Persona), the protagonist of Persona 5 | [] | [
"Fictional characters with the nickname"
] | [
"Lists of people by nickname"
] |
projected-44501396-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joker%20%28nickname%29 | Joker (nickname) | See also | Joker is a nickname of the following people: | Category:Lists of people by nickname | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Lists of people by nickname"
] |
projected-56571056-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | Introduction | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1998 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Banjul",
"Gambian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... | |
projected-56571056-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | Early career | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | Barrow joined Atalanta in 2016 from The Gambia where he played football locally and in the street, and in his first appearance with the youth squad scored two goals from midfield. He joined the first team squad in 2018 after scoring 19 goals in 15 games for the youth side. | [] | [
"Club career",
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"1998 births",
"Living people",
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"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... |
projected-56571056-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | Atalanta | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | Barrow made his professional debut with Atalanta in a 1–0 Coppa Italia loss to Juventus on 30 January 2018. He made his Serie A debut for Atalanta in a 1–1 tie with Crotone on 10 February 2018.
He had his first start on 13 April 2018 in an 0–0 home draw against Inter Milan.
On 18 September 2019, Barrow made his Champions League debut against Dinamo Zagreb. | [] | [
"Club career",
"Atalanta"
] | [
"1998 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Banjul",
"Gambian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... |
projected-56571056-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | Bologna | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | On 17 January 2020, Barrow moved from Atalanta to Bologna on loan with an obligation to buy for a fee reported to be around €13 million. Soon after his transfer, Barrow became the starting striker under Siniša Mihajlović and became one of their top scorers of the season despite only arriving in January. On 2 July 2021, Bologna purchased his rights. | [] | [
"Club career",
"Bologna"
] | [
"1998 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Banjul",
"Gambian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... |
projected-56571056-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | International career | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | On 1 June 2018, Barrow scored the only goal for the Gambia U23s in a 1–0 friendly win over the Morocco U23s.
Barrow made his debut for the senior Gambia national football team in a 1–1 2019 Africa Cup of Nations qualification draw with Algeria on 8 September 2018.
He played and scored 2 goals in the tournament in the 2021 Africa cup of Nations, his national team's first continental tournament, where they made a sensational quarter-final. | [] | [
"International career"
] | [
"1998 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Banjul",
"Gambian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... |
projected-56571056-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa%20Barrow | Musa Barrow | International | Musa Barrow (born 14 November 1998) is a Gambian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Bologna and the Gambia national team. | Scores and results list Gambia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Barrow goal. | [] | [
"Career statistics",
"International"
] | [
"1998 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Banjul",
"Gambian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Atalanta B.C. players",
"Bologna F.C. 1909 players",
"Serie A players",
"The Gambia youth international footballers",
"The Gambia international footballers",
"2021 Africa Cup of N... |
projected-26724577-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20erythraeensis | Conus erythraeensis | Introduction | Conus erythraeensis, common name the Red Sea cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1843"
] | |
projected-26724577-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20erythraeensis | Conus erythraeensis | Description | Conus erythraeensis, common name the Red Sea cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 16 mm and 35 mm. The shell is small, smooth and striate below. It is yellowish white, with revolving rows of quadrangular chestnut spots, sometimes partly clouded over, so as to form bands of chestnut clouds. The spire is maculate. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1843"
] |
projected-26724577-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20erythraeensis | Conus erythraeensis | Distribution | Conus erythraeensis, common name the Red Sea cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This species occurs in the Red Sea and in the Northwest Indian Ocean. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1843"
] |
projected-26724577-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20erythraeensis | Conus erythraeensis | References | Conus erythraeensis, common name the Red Sea cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Petit, R. E. (2009). George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and molluscan taxa. Zootaxa. 2189: 1–218
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1843"
] |
projected-44501423-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Mahoney | Chris Mahoney | Introduction | Chris or Christopher Mahoney or Mahony may refer to:
Chris Mahony (1981-), rugby union player
Chris Mahoney (baseball) (1885–1954), Major League Baseball player
Chris Mahoney (rower) (1959-), British rower
Christopher Mahoney (general), U.S. Marine Corps general | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-56571059-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.L.%20Adair%20General%20Mercantile%20Historic%20District | W.L. Adair General Mercantile Historic District | Introduction | The W. L. Adair General Mercantile Historic District is a historic district in Polebridge in Flathead County, Montana which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It included five contributing buildings which were built during 1900–1914.
It is located on Polebridge Loop Rd. 1/4 mi. E of its intersection with N. Fork Rd. in or near Polebridge.
The Mercantile Store building is a wood frame, two story structure with a false front facade built in 1914. It has decorative pressed metal siding dating from 1925 or before covering the original wooden exterior. It has also been known as Polebridge Store and Polebridge Mercantile. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana",
"Commercial buildings completed in 1914",
"National Register of Historic Places in Flathead County, Montana",
"Log buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana"
] | |
projected-56571059-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.L.%20Adair%20General%20Mercantile%20Historic%20District | W.L. Adair General Mercantile Historic District | References | The W. L. Adair General Mercantile Historic District is a historic district in Polebridge in Flathead County, Montana which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It included five contributing buildings which were built during 1900–1914.
It is located on Polebridge Loop Rd. 1/4 mi. E of its intersection with N. Fork Rd. in or near Polebridge.
The Mercantile Store building is a wood frame, two story structure with a false front facade built in 1914. It has decorative pressed metal siding dating from 1925 or before covering the original wooden exterior. It has also been known as Polebridge Store and Polebridge Mercantile. | Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana
Category:Commercial buildings completed in 1914
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Flathead County, Montana
Category:Log buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana",
"Commercial buildings completed in 1914",
"National Register of Historic Places in Flathead County, Montana",
"Log buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana"
] |
projected-71478157-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20National%20Bank%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20doubles | 2022 National Bank Open – Women's doubles | Introduction | Coco Gauff and Jessica Pegula defeated Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–5] to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Canadian Open. With the win, Gauff gained the WTA number 1 doubles ranking for the first time, becoming the second-youngest player to attain the No. 1 ranking in history, after Martina Hingis in 1997. Elise Mertens and Zhang Shuai were also in contention for the top ranking.
Gabriela Dabrowski and Luisa Stefani were the reigning champions, but Stefani did not participate due to injury. Dabrowski partnered Giuliana Olmos, but lost in the semifinals to Melichar-Martinez and Perez. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2022 WTA Tour",
"Canadian Open (tennis)"
] | |
projected-71478157-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20National%20Bank%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20doubles | 2022 National Bank Open – Women's doubles | Seeds | Coco Gauff and Jessica Pegula defeated Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–5] to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Canadian Open. With the win, Gauff gained the WTA number 1 doubles ranking for the first time, becoming the second-youngest player to attain the No. 1 ranking in history, after Martina Hingis in 1997. Elise Mertens and Zhang Shuai were also in contention for the top ranking.
Gabriela Dabrowski and Luisa Stefani were the reigning champions, but Stefani did not participate due to injury. Dabrowski partnered Giuliana Olmos, but lost in the semifinals to Melichar-Martinez and Perez. | The top four seeds received a bye into the second round. | [] | [
"Seeds"
] | [
"2022 WTA Tour",
"Canadian Open (tennis)"
] |
projected-71478157-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20National%20Bank%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20doubles | 2022 National Bank Open – Women's doubles | Seeded teams | Coco Gauff and Jessica Pegula defeated Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–5] to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Canadian Open. With the win, Gauff gained the WTA number 1 doubles ranking for the first time, becoming the second-youngest player to attain the No. 1 ranking in history, after Martina Hingis in 1997. Elise Mertens and Zhang Shuai were also in contention for the top ranking.
Gabriela Dabrowski and Luisa Stefani were the reigning champions, but Stefani did not participate due to injury. Dabrowski partnered Giuliana Olmos, but lost in the semifinals to Melichar-Martinez and Perez. | The following are the seeded teams, based on WTA rankings as of August 1, 2022. | [] | [
"Seeded teams"
] | [
"2022 WTA Tour",
"Canadian Open (tennis)"
] |
projected-71478157-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20National%20Bank%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20doubles | 2022 National Bank Open – Women's doubles | Withdrawals | Coco Gauff and Jessica Pegula defeated Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–5] to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2022 Canadian Open. With the win, Gauff gained the WTA number 1 doubles ranking for the first time, becoming the second-youngest player to attain the No. 1 ranking in history, after Martina Hingis in 1997. Elise Mertens and Zhang Shuai were also in contention for the top ranking.
Gabriela Dabrowski and Luisa Stefani were the reigning champions, but Stefani did not participate due to injury. Dabrowski partnered Giuliana Olmos, but lost in the semifinals to Melichar-Martinez and Perez. | Marie Bouzková / Laura Siegemund (Bouzková – back injury)
Lucie Hradecká / Sania Mirza → replaced by Madison Keys / Sania Mirza
Monica Niculescu / Elena-Gabriela Ruse → replaced by Vivian Heisen / Monica Niculescu | [] | [
"Other entry information",
"Withdrawals"
] | [
"2022 WTA Tour",
"Canadian Open (tennis)"
] |
projected-44501436-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilda%20Narv%C3%A1ez%20Bravo | Hilda Narváez Bravo | Introduction | Hilda Areli Narváez Bravo (born 7 October 1974) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 2006 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Hidalgo. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1974 births",
"Living people",
"Politicians from Hidalgo (state)",
"Women members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians",
"21st-century Mexican politicians",
"21st-century Mexican women politicians",
"Depu... | |
projected-44501436-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilda%20Narv%C3%A1ez%20Bravo | Hilda Narváez Bravo | References | Hilda Areli Narváez Bravo (born 7 October 1974) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 2006 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Hidalgo. | Category:1974 births
Category:Living people
Category:Politicians from Hidalgo (state)
Category:Women members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Category:Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
Category:21st-century Mexican politicians
Category:21st-century Mexican women politicians
Category:Deputies of the LX Legislature of Mexico
Category:Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Hidalgo (state) | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1974 births",
"Living people",
"Politicians from Hidalgo (state)",
"Women members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)",
"Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians",
"21st-century Mexican politicians",
"21st-century Mexican women politicians",
"Depu... |
projected-26724578-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20escondidai | Conus escondidai | Introduction | display_parents = 3
}}Conus escondidai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 2005"
] | |
projected-26724578-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20escondidai | Conus escondidai | Description | display_parents = 3
}}Conus escondidai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 30 mm and 52 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 2005"
] |
projected-26724578-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20escondidai | Conus escondidai | Distribution | display_parents = 3
}}Conus escondidai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs off the Philippines. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 2005"
] |
projected-26724578-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20escondidai | Conus escondidai | References | display_parents = 3
}}Conus escondidai is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus'', these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 2005"
] |
projected-56571063-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erechthias%20macrozyga | Erechthias macrozyga | Introduction | Erechthias macrozyga is a species of moth in the family Tineidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1916. This species is endemic to New Zealand. The holotype specimen of this species was collected at Tisbury, Invercargill by Alfred Philpott. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Moths described in 1916",
"Erechthiinae",
"Moths of New Zealand",
"Endemic fauna of New Zealand",
"Taxa named by Edward Meyrick",
"Endemic moths of New Zealand"
] | |
projected-26724580-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20estivali | Conus estivali | Introduction | Conus estivali is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1995"
] | |
projected-26724580-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20estivali | Conus estivali | Description | Conus estivali is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell attains 10 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1995"
] |
projected-26724580-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20estivali | Conus estivali | Distribution | Conus estivali is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs in the Coral Sea and off New Caledonia | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1995"
] |
projected-26724580-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conus%20estivali | Conus estivali | References | Conus estivali is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conus, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Röckel D., Richard G. & Moolenbeek R.G. (1995) Deep-water cones (Gastropoda: Conidae) from the New Caledonian region. In Bouchet P. (ed.). Résultats des Campagnes Musorstom 14. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 167: 557–594.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conus",
"Gastropods described in 1995"
] |
projected-56571093-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Kleeh | Tom Kleeh | Introduction | Thomas Shawn Kleeh (born September 14, 1974) is the Chief United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1974 births",
"Living people",
"20th-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American judges",
"Judges of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia",
"Lawyers from Wheeling, West Virginia",
"United States district court judges appoin... | |
projected-56571093-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Kleeh | Tom Kleeh | Biography | Thomas Shawn Kleeh (born September 14, 1974) is the Chief United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia. | Kleeh earned his Bachelor of Business Administration from West Virginia University and his Juris Doctor from the West Virginia University College of Law, where he was inducted into the Order of the Coif.
From 1999 to 2018, he practiced with Steptoe & Johnson PLLC, and specialized in labor and employment issues covering both the public and private sectors. He rose to become a member of the firm before becoming a judge. He also served as counsel to the West Virginia Senate's Committee on the Judiciary. | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1974 births",
"Living people",
"20th-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American judges",
"Judges of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia",
"Lawyers from Wheeling, West Virginia",
"United States district court judges appoin... |
projected-56571093-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom%20Kleeh | Tom Kleeh | Federal judicial service | Thomas Shawn Kleeh (born September 14, 1974) is the Chief United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia. | On February 12, 2018, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Kleeh to an undetermined seat on the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia. On February 15, 2018, his nomination was sent to the Senate. President Trump nominated Kleeh to the seat vacated by Judge Irene Patricia Murphy Keeley, who assumed senior status on August 12, 2017. On April 25, 2018, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On May 24, 2018, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 14–7 vote. On October 11, 2018, his nomination was confirmed by a 65–30 vote. He received his judicial commission on November 5, 2018. He became Chief Judge on March 19, 2022. | [] | [
"Federal judicial service"
] | [
"1974 births",
"Living people",
"20th-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American lawyers",
"21st-century American judges",
"Judges of the United States District Court for the Northern District of West Virginia",
"Lawyers from Wheeling, West Virginia",
"United States district court judges appoin... |
projected-56571117-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudartonis%20semicoccinea | Pseudartonis semicoccinea | Introduction | Pseudartonis semicoccinea is a spider species of the family Araneidae that is endemic on São Tomé Island. It was first named in 1907 by Eugène Simon.
Its female holotype measures 5 mm. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island",
"Araneidae",
"Spiders of Africa",
"Taxa named by Eugène Simon",
"Spiders described in 1907"
] | |
projected-56571117-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudartonis%20semicoccinea | Pseudartonis semicoccinea | References | Pseudartonis semicoccinea is a spider species of the family Araneidae that is endemic on São Tomé Island. It was first named in 1907 by Eugène Simon.
Its female holotype measures 5 mm. | Category:Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island
Category:Araneidae
Category:Spiders of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Eugène Simon
Category:Spiders described in 1907 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island",
"Araneidae",
"Spiders of Africa",
"Taxa named by Eugène Simon",
"Spiders described in 1907"
] |
projected-56571133-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydas%20clavatus | Mydas clavatus | Introduction | Mydas clavatus, the clubbed mydas fly, is a species of Mydas fly that is native to temperate, eastern North America. It is named for its clubbed antennae, which is however a general feature of the Mydas flies. An orange to red mark on the abdomen is distinctive. It is a Batesian mimic of certain spider wasps, and is consequently quite bold in its movements. Adults fly in mid-summer. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Mydidae",
"Diptera of North America",
"Insects described in 1773",
"Taxa named by Dru Drury"
] | |
projected-56571133-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydas%20clavatus | Mydas clavatus | Description | Mydas clavatus, the clubbed mydas fly, is a species of Mydas fly that is native to temperate, eastern North America. It is named for its clubbed antennae, which is however a general feature of the Mydas flies. An orange to red mark on the abdomen is distinctive. It is a Batesian mimic of certain spider wasps, and is consequently quite bold in its movements. Adults fly in mid-summer. | They are large, black and somewhat glabrate flies that measure some 25 to 30 mm in length, with a wingspan that may exceed 50 mm. A prominent orange to red mark is evident on the ventral side of the second abdominal segment. Their visual mimicry is apparently complemented by curling and jabbing of the abdomen in a mock stinging routine. | [
"Mydas Fly (Mydas clavatus).jpg"
] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Mydidae",
"Diptera of North America",
"Insects described in 1773",
"Taxa named by Dru Drury"
] |
projected-56571133-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydas%20clavatus | Mydas clavatus | Biology | Mydas clavatus, the clubbed mydas fly, is a species of Mydas fly that is native to temperate, eastern North America. It is named for its clubbed antennae, which is however a general feature of the Mydas flies. An orange to red mark on the abdomen is distinctive. It is a Batesian mimic of certain spider wasps, and is consequently quite bold in its movements. Adults fly in mid-summer. | The eggs are deposited singly in soil or rotting wood. The larvae, as with M. brunneus and M. tibialis, are predatory on the larvae of deadwood-feeding scarab beetles (Osmoderma species.) and can be found in standing and downed trees with extensive heart rot. The adults seem to be pollen and nectar feeders only, and have been observed at Asclepias, Saponana, Spiraea, Monarda, Pycnanthemum, Teucrium and Verbena flowers. When not nectaring, adults may be seen resting on plants or actively running around on the ground. Though the mating behaviour is unknown, it is suspected that males may defend the vicinity of larval food sources. | [] | [
"Biology"
] | [
"Mydidae",
"Diptera of North America",
"Insects described in 1773",
"Taxa named by Dru Drury"
] |
projected-56571133-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydas%20clavatus | Mydas clavatus | Habitat | Mydas clavatus, the clubbed mydas fly, is a species of Mydas fly that is native to temperate, eastern North America. It is named for its clubbed antennae, which is however a general feature of the Mydas flies. An orange to red mark on the abdomen is distinctive. It is a Batesian mimic of certain spider wasps, and is consequently quite bold in its movements. Adults fly in mid-summer. | They are present in various habitats, including deciduous woodlands, fields, meadows, gardens, and other. | [] | [
"Habitat"
] | [
"Mydidae",
"Diptera of North America",
"Insects described in 1773",
"Taxa named by Dru Drury"
] |
projected-56571133-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydas%20clavatus | Mydas clavatus | References | Mydas clavatus, the clubbed mydas fly, is a species of Mydas fly that is native to temperate, eastern North America. It is named for its clubbed antennae, which is however a general feature of the Mydas flies. An orange to red mark on the abdomen is distinctive. It is a Batesian mimic of certain spider wasps, and is consequently quite bold in its movements. Adults fly in mid-summer. | Category:Mydidae
Category:Diptera of North America
Category:Insects described in 1773
Category:Taxa named by Dru Drury | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Mydidae",
"Diptera of North America",
"Insects described in 1773",
"Taxa named by Dru Drury"
] |
projected-26724584-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eucoronata | Conasprella eucoronata | Introduction | Conasprella eucoronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1903"
] | |
projected-26724584-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eucoronata | Conasprella eucoronata | Description | Conasprella eucoronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of the shell varies between 24 mm and 50 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1903"
] |
projected-26724584-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eucoronata | Conasprella eucoronata | Distribution | Conasprella eucoronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This marine species occurs off KwaZulu-Natal, Rep. South Africa to Southern Yemen; off Southern India and Sri Lanka.
Countries in which the species can be found include India, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania, Yemen, Oman. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1903"
] |
projected-26724584-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eucoronata | Conasprella eucoronata | Population trend | Conasprella eucoronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Currently the population trend of this species is currently stable. | [] | [
"Population trend"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1903"
] |
projected-26724584-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eucoronata | Conasprella eucoronata | References | Conasprella eucoronata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Petit, R. E. (2009). George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and molluscan taxa. Zootaxa. 2189: 1–218
Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.
Bozzetti L. (2017). Conasprella albobrunnea ( Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Conidae) a new species from Central Indian Ocean. Malacologia Mostra Mondiale. 97: 50–51.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1903"
] |
projected-56571136-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scelidocteus%20baccatus | Scelidocteus baccatus | Introduction | Scelidocteus baccatus is a spider species of the family Palpimanidae that is endemic on São Tomé Island. It was first described in 1907 by Eugène Simon.
Its female holotype measures 5 mm. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island",
"Palpimanidae",
"Spiders of Africa",
"Taxa named by Eugène Simon",
"Spiders described in 1907"
] | |
projected-56571136-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scelidocteus%20baccatus | Scelidocteus baccatus | References | Scelidocteus baccatus is a spider species of the family Palpimanidae that is endemic on São Tomé Island. It was first described in 1907 by Eugène Simon.
Its female holotype measures 5 mm. | Category:Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island
Category:Palpimanidae
Category:Spiders of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Eugène Simon
Category:Spiders described in 1907 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Endemic fauna of São Tomé Island",
"Palpimanidae",
"Spiders of Africa",
"Taxa named by Eugène Simon",
"Spiders described in 1907"
] |
projected-17333581-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Introduction | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] | |
projected-17333581-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Auskick | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Auskick is a program developed in Australia in the 1980s and promote participation in Australian rules football amongst children, particularly of primary school age and under. It has proven to be popular with both boys and girls. At its peak in the mid-1990s there were around 200,000 Auskick participants annually. The program is now run throughout the world, including several locally branded variations such as: "Kiwi Kick" (AFL New Zealand), "Niukick" (Papua New Guinea), "Footy Wild" (South Africa), "Bula Kick" (Fiji), "Viking Kick" (Denmark) and "Ausball" (United States) among others.
Auskick has its roots in the Little League which began to be played at half time during VFL matches in the 1960s and was revised in 1980 to make it more accessible. Little League was expanded by Ray Allsop into a state development program called Vickick begun in Victoria in 1985. Urged by former player David Parkin in 1995 as a means of keeping the sport viable long term in the Australian Capital Territory it was adopted by the AFL Commission the national governing body for the sport, which began to roll it out nationally from 1998. Numerous professional players are graduates of the Auskick program. | [
"Auskick-23-6-06 1.JPG"
] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Auskick"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] |
projected-17333581-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Women's Australian rules football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Women's Australian rules football is a fast-growing variation played by all-female teams that dates back to the 1910s. Since 2010, it has also been governed by the AFL Commission. Its highest levels of competition are the professional AFL Women's club competition in Australia and the Australian Football International Cup (women's division) worldwide representative competition.
The women's game is also a contact sport, however over the course of its history it is sometimes played with modified rules including different player numbers (16 a side + 5 interchange), a smaller ball, and increased tackling restrictions. The women's variation is strongest in Australia (there are strong second level competitions in all Australian states), Ireland, Canada, the United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand and Japan and is also played at junior level in these and many other countries. | [
"Women's marking contest mark.jpg"
] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Women's Australian rules football"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
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projected-17333581-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Amateurs | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | The Amateur version of the game is mostly similar though its main differences are that it strictly forbids player payments and has some rule variations which encourage participation for amateur players. Amateurs is strongest in the heartland states of the sport in Australia: Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, though there are competitions in most Australian states. The Amateur version is governed by the Australian Amateur Football Council. Notable rule differences include the order-off rule which has been a feature of play since the 1930s, and the use of a shorter distance penalty, the 25-metre penalty, among others, including shorter quarters and increased numbers of interchange players for some grades. The Australian Football International Cup, while being run by the AFL Commission, has for most of its history been aligned with Amateur rules acknowleding the fact that most of the leagues outside of Australia were until recently dominated by amateur players. | [
"Collegians vs university blues.jpg"
] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Amateurs"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
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projected-17333581-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Masters Australian Football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Masters Australian Football (also known as "Superules" or derisively as "Superfools") is an amateur social variation for players aged 35 years and over. The sport first commenced officially on 21 September 1980 in Ballarat, Victoria. Masters matches are typically classified by age grades: Supers (35+ years); Masters: (40+ years) and Seniors: (45+ years); Super Seniors (50+) and Super Veterans (55+) and some matches either do or don't allow mixing between these age groups. Masters leagues often also incorporate rules from Amateurs football.
The game varies from open age football particular in modifications aimed at reduce the physical impact of the game on older players and reduce the volunteer burden on officials. Umpires do not bounce the ball and there are often no boundary umpires. There are less interchange restrictions and players are not permitted to raise their knees in aerial contests, or make contact with the knee or boot, which could potentially damage the weaker backs of older players.
Some Masters competitions add bonus points for a long range Super goal (9 points 6 plus 3 behinds).
It is played by over 119 teams throughout Australia and around the world. There is also an Australian National Championships, while internationally, Masters is more often be played in the Nines (9-a-side) format. | [] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Masters Australian Football"
] | [
"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] |
projected-17333581-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Lightning football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Lightning football is a generic term to describe variations of the game played over a shortened length, usually about half of the length of a full match. Lightning football may be played under otherwise unchanged rules, but in recent lightning matches staged by the AFL, experimental rules such as awarding a free kick against the last player to touch the ball before it goes out of bounds have been trialled.
Lightning matches are often used, particularly at junior or amateur level, to play an entire tournament inside a single day or weekend. These tournaments are typically known as "lightning premierships" or "lightning carnivals".
During the COVID-19 pandemic the AFL significantly shortened premiership matches for the 2020 AFL season arguing it needed to for its pandemic fixture scheduling leading to some branding the 16 minute quarter format 'fast food footy'. Some argued the AFL's move was an effort to make the game more appealing to the media and fans. Nevertheless, the move was criticised and the AFL reverted to the full length format for the 2021 AFL season. | [] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Lightning football"
] | [
"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] |
projected-17333581-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Wheelchair | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | The wheelchair variation of AFL (known as "Wheelchair Aussie Rules" or "Wheelchair AFL") is a parasport designed to play in sports wheelchairs. Kicking is replaced by handballing (a mark is awarded for catching the ball within 3 metres), while handballing is replaced by throwing. Like other varieties tackling is replaced by touching and players are divided into zones. Goals and behinds are used for scoring, however with shorter distances between the posts. There are leagues operating in all states and territories of Australia, with Victorian clubs aligned with AFL clubs, operating since 2018. | [] | [
"Participatory varieties",
"Wheelchair"
] | [
"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] |
projected-17333581-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | 9-a-side | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | 9-a-side Footy is played informally by Aussie Rules clubs but not yet an official sport in its own right. The AFL sanctioned version is known as "AFL 9s".
9-a-side games are sometimes played on half size fields that are typically rectangular with 9 players on the field at any one time, typically consisting of three forwards, three backs and three centre players. Often two games are played at the same time on a single Australian rules or cricket field. At other times, 9-a-side makes use of the full space of the field when a full complement of players is not available. This variety is a more open and running variety of Australian rules.
A minimum of 18 players are required in total, but many teams field unlimited interchange benches.
Rules are the same as Australian rules football. Limited and non-contact versions of 9-a-side football are also played by both men's and women's leagues.
Examples of official tournaments held under these rules include the EU Cup and Bali Nines. | [] | [
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projected-17333581-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | AFLX | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Another prominent variation of the game is AFLX. The game is played on soccer-sized pitches and features seven players a side, as well as several other rules designed to speed up the game. Between 2018 and 2019 it was used in an official Australian Football League sanctioned pre-season event. | [] | [
"Modified field or player numbers",
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projected-17333581-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Samoa Rules | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Samoa Rules is a game derived from Australian rules football that has also been played in Samoa. The game is played on rugby fields and each team consists of 15 players per side.
Unlike Australian rules football, player movement is restricted to zones (similarly to Rec Footy). There is a line across the centre that backs and forwards can not cross. Onballers are allowed to go anywhere.
The Vailima Six-Shooters' Championship began in Samoa in 1998 under these rules, becoming known as "Samoa Rules". A number of Samoa Rules players went on to represent Samoa in the Samoan national Australian rules football team, known as the "Bulldogs". | [] | [
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projected-17333581-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Metro Footy | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Metro Footy (or Metro Rules Footy) is a modified version of Australian rules football rules played on gridiron football, rugby or Association football fields, predominantly in the United States of America. The reasons for the development of Metro Footy was partly due to there being few grounds large enough for traditional Australian rules matches, but also to allow competitive football to be played with smaller playing numbers, allowing for better recruitment possibilities.
Teams typically consist of 9-a-side on a field. The teams that play feed into larger 18-a-side Australian rules representative teams that participate in leagues such as the MAAFL or tournaments such as the USAFL National Championships and also provide the opportunity to introduce new American players to the game of Australian rules football.
Several clubs from the United States Australian Football League participate in Metro Footy. | [] | [
"Modified field or player numbers",
"Metro Footy"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
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projected-17333581-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | VFA rules (1938–1949) | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | VFA rules (or "Association rules" or "throw-pass rules") variation of Australian rules football was a distinct set of rules which was played in the Victorian Football Association, and several other smaller competitions which elected to switch to the new rules, between 1938 and 1949. Although there were several other small differences between the VFA's rules and the national rules, the primary distinguishing feature was that throwing the ball from below the shoulders with two hands was a legal form of handpass – known as a throw-pass – under the VFA's rules. The ease of throw-passing compared with traditional handpassing resulted in the VFA's code fostering a faster playing style with fewer stoppages and more run-and-carry than was seen under the traditional rules at the time. The VFA's code operated as a rival to the national code throughout the 1940s, and some innovations of the VFA's code were incorporated into the national code over that time. The VFA reverted to playing under the national rules from the 1950 season, and the throw-pass rules have not been seen since. | [] | [
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projected-17333581-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | AFL 9s | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | AFL 9s is the AFL's official touch Nine-a-side footy variant since 2016 addressing many of the criticisms of the earlier Rec Footy. It varies from Australian Rules Football mainly in that it is played with 9 players on a smaller field with a smaller ball, rewards female players in mixed competition for example with a higher score for goals, the ball must not touch the ground, marking is protected by a drop-zone and only designated forwards can kick goals. It allows running with the ball (limited to one running bounce) and freedom of movement around the field giving athletes more opportunity to have an impact on the game and compensate for lower skill level of other players. AFL 9s offers mixed, as well as all-male and all-female competitions to lower the barriers to entry for participation. As a recreational game AFL 9s has proved popular with both new and established Australian rules players with 24,032 participants in Australia in 2019 at least a third of which are female. Its popularity as a social game with Australian rules players is such that ex-professional players are sometimes seen participating in social competitions. | [] | [
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projected-17333581-017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Force Back | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Force Back (also known as Force 'em back, Force Them Back, Forcing Back, Forcey Backs or Forcings Back) is a game played by school students usually in primary, middle or high school, particularly in Australia and New Zealand, at lunch or recess as a codified variant of kick-to-kick. It is played with football (typically oblique spheroid shaped or sometimes round). While not officially an Australian rules football variant it shares a significant skill set with Australian rules football including kicking, aim, distance control, running and catching and is often played with an Australian rules ball. The rules are usually modified by students themselves, depending on what environment they are playing on. While there are no standard rules, the game is increasingly codified and endorsed as a recreational school age game by various sports bodies including the Australian Football League and AFL New Zealand. | [] | [
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projected-17333581-018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Rec Footy | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Recreational Football (also known as Rec Footy or Recreational Footy) was a non-contact version sanctioned by the AFL first codified in 2003. Rec Footy was played by 8 a side with players confined to 3 zones wearing bibs to signify their zone, the ball had to move through all 3 zones in order to score and only forwards could score. Tags were used to substitute tackling and players when marking were allocated a drop-zone which opponents could not enter. If the ball hit the ground, it would be a turnover to the opposite team of the player who last touched it. Players could take a maximum of 3 steps before disposing of the ball. Rec Footy was heavily criticised mainly by Australian rules players for appearing similar to netball, too restrictive on movement by enforcing strict zones and field positions, penalising athletes and reducing fitness benefits, lacking the ability for skilled footballers to use skills like bouncing and long kicking and play naturally whilst also penalising newer unskilled players with frequent turnovers. Falling participation rates and a large increase in Australian football female contact participation led to social competitions being restructured and rebranded as AFL 9s in 2011. | [
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projected-17333581-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Kick-to-Kick | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Kick-to-kick is a pastime, a well-known tradition of Australian rules football fans, and a recognised Australian term for kick and catch type games. A common format is for one person in a group to kick to a second group; whoever marks the ball kicks it back to the first group. In its "markers up" form, it is the usual casual version of Australian rules (similar to the relationship between backyard/beach cricket and the established forms of cricket).
Although not a sport in itself, the term is used to describe a social exercise played in parks, fields, streets and back yards, and requires at least two people. | [
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projected-17333581-020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Touch Aussie Rules | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Touch Aussie Rules is a non-tackle variation played in London, UK and was organised by Aussie Rules UK.
All skills are used in Touch Aussie Rules, including kicking, marking, handballing and bouncing. | [] | [
"Recreational varieties",
"Touch Aussie Rules"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
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projected-17333581-022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | International Rules Football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | International rules football (; also known as inter rules in Australia and compromise rules in Ireland) is a hybrid code of football, which was first codified in 1967 to facilitate international representative matches between Australian rules football players and Gaelic football players and is played between them worldwide. | [] | [
"Hybrid codes",
"International Rules Football"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
] |
projected-17333581-023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Austus | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Austus is a sport which was started in Australia during World War II when United States soldiers wanted to play football against the Australians. The game combined features of Australian rules football and American football. The rules of the game were mostly the same as Australian rules football, except that the American-style forward pass was allowed and afforded the same benefits as an Australian rules football kick, meaning that a thrown ball could be marked or used to score goals. The name comes from the first four letters of Australia (AUST) and the initials of the United States (US). The game has rarely, if ever, been played since the war. | [] | [
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projected-17333581-024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Samoan rules | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | A hybrid of rugby union and Aussie rules. | [] | [
"Hybrid codes",
"Samoan rules"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
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projected-17333581-025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Universal Football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Universal football was a proposed hybrid sport of Australian rules football and rugby league, as a means of unifying Australia under a single dominant football code. First codified in 1914, the game was originally designed to be played by teams of 15 on rectangular fields with rugby-style goalposts featuring a crossbar. The off-side rules of rugby league applied within in the forward quarter of the ground and did not apply elsewhere. Handpasses, which included throws, could only be made backwards. Rugby scrums were eliminated and replaced with the Australian rules football style ball-up. Players could be tackled anywhere between the knee and the shoulders. The Australian rules style of mark was kept. Tries were worth three points, conversions and goals from marks kicked over the crossbar were worth one point, and goals kicked on the run were worth two points.
There was some progress towards amalgamating the two sports in 1915, but these were halted by the escalation of World War I and the new code was not revived after the war ended. The concept was briefly revisited in 1933 with similar rules, and a private trial match was played at the Sydney Showground, but it did not result in a lasting revival of the concept which has not been seen since. | [] | [
"Hybrid codes",
"Universal Football"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
"Australian rules football"
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projected-17333581-026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | References | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules. | Category:Australian rules football | [] | [
"References"
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"Variations of Australian rules football",
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projected-26724589-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eugrammata | Conasprella eugrammata | Introduction | Conasprella eugrammata, common name the eugrammatus cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1943"
] | |
projected-26724589-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eugrammata | Conasprella eugrammata | Description | Conasprella eugrammata, common name the eugrammatus cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | The size of an adult shell varies between 21 mm and 40 mm. | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Conasprella",
"Gastropods described in 1943"
] |
projected-26724589-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eugrammata | Conasprella eugrammata | Distribution | Conasprella eugrammata, common name the eugrammatus cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off Hawaii, from Japan to the Philippines, off Queensland, Australia and in the Indian Ocean off KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and probably Madagascar. | [] | [
"Distribution"
] | [
"Conasprella",
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projected-26724589-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conasprella%20eugrammata | Conasprella eugrammata | References | Conasprella eugrammata, common name the eugrammatus cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.
Like all species within the genus Conasprella, these snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all. | Filmer R.M. (2001). A Catalogue of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living Conidae 1758 - 1998. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. 388pp
Tucker J.K. (2009). Recent cone species database. 4 September 2009 Edition
Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Conasprella",
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projected-17333598-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaque%20by%20Popular%20Demand | Blaque by Popular Demand | Introduction | Blaque By Popular Demand is a ten track compilation album of Blaque's most popular songs. Some of the group's hit singles, ("808", "As If", "Bring It All to Me", and "Can't Get It Back") along with four selected tracks from their self-titled debut album and two remixes were featured on the compilation. Physical copies of the compilation were released to selected marketing stores such as Circuit City and were sold online via Amazon. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Blaque albums",
"2007 compilation albums"
] |