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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-23571520-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Mythological origin | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | The Book of Wei preserved the Gaoche's origin myth. | [
"Long Rectangle (plain).png"
] | [
"Chile and Gaoche",
"Mythological origin"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Rouran Domination | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | In 391 the Rouran chief, Heduohan (曷多汗) was killed by the Tuoba Northern Wei. Heduohan's brother Shelun raided several tribal dependencies of the Tuoba in retaliation, but reportedly suffered a serious defeat in 399, and was forced to flee westward. Here Shelun defeated the Hulu (斛律) tribe and subjugated them. With th... | [] | [
"Chile and Gaoche",
"Rouran Domination"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Fufuluo | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | The Fufuluo (副伏罗) were a Gaoche tribe of twelve clans, dwelling close to the Gaochang kingdom (likely by the Tuin River of the Govi-Altai range. Early on a Fufuluo clan known as the Yizhan (which had lived there since the mid 2nd century) allied with the Touba. In 481, the Fufuluo began to interfere with the Gaochang a... | [] | [
"Chile and Gaoche",
"Fufuluo"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Emergence of the Tiele | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | The term Tiele appeared in Chinese literature from the 6th Century to 8th Century, and most scholars agree that Tiele is simply different Chinese characters used to describe the same Turkic word as Chile, although some scholars disagree on what the specific original Turkic word may be: Tölöš ~ Töliš, Türk, or Tegreg ~ ... | [] | [
"Tiele",
"Emergence of the Tiele"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Chinese subjugation | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | Shortly after 646, the Uyghur and the rest of the twelve Tiele chiefs (and subsequently the far-away Guligan and Dubo) arrived at the Chinese court. They were bestowed either with the title of commander-in-chief (都督 dudu) or prefect (刺史 ) under the loose control (羁縻 jimi) of the northern protectorate or "pacificed nort... | [] | [
"Tiele",
"Chinese subjugation"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Rise of the Uyghur Khaganate | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | After the disintegration of the Eastern Qaghanate in 630, many Göktürk nobles were resettled either at the Chinese border or in the capital. Some went on to participate in frontier campaigns for the Chinese.
In 679 a major rebellion was led by three Göktürk nobles. Among them, Ashina Nishufu (阿史那泥熟匐), a direct descend... | [] | [
"Tiele",
"Rise of the Uyghur Khaganate"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Primary sources | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | Sima Guang (1985). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.27). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang (1986). A Translation (in Vernacular Chinese) and Annotation of Zizhi Tongjian by Bo Yang (Vol.30). Taipei: Yuan-Liou Publishing Company Ltd. .
Sima Guang... | [] | [
"References",
"Primary sources"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571520-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiele%20people | Tiele people | Secondary sources | The Tiele (, Mongolian *Tegreg "[People of the] Carts"), also transliterated as Dili (), Chile (), Zhile (), Tele (), also named Gaoche or Gaoju (, "High Carts"), were a tribal confederation of Turkic ethnic origins living to the north of China proper and in Central Asia, emerging after the disintegration of the confe... | Duan, Lianqin (1988). "Dingling, Gaoju and Tiele". Shanghai: Shanghai People's Press. .
Li, Jihe (2003). "A Research on Migration of Northwestern Minorities Between pre-Qin to Sui and Tang". Beijing: Nationalities Press. .
Lu, Simian [1934] (1996). "A History of Ethnic Groups in China". Beijing: Oriental Press. .
Pulle... | [] | [
"References",
"Secondary sources"
] | [
"Turkic peoples of Asia",
"Ethnic groups in Chinese history",
"History of Central Asia"
] |
projected-23571523-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Introduction | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] | |
projected-23571523-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Background | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | On June 22 at midnight Toronto municipal workers belonging to 2 separate unions (CUPE Local 416 - representing the outside workers, and CUPE Local 79 - representing the inside workers) went on strike following six months negotiating with the municipality over contract renewal. | [
"Toronto Strike - Garbage Bin.jpg"
] | [
"Background"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-23571523-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Issues | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | The union said that the main issue for the strike were requests, from the city, for concessions from the union in the new contract.
According to the CBC, the main issues were regard changes to job security, seniority and the banking of sick days. The previous contract allowed some union members to bank unused sick da... | [] | [
"Issues"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-23571523-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Services affected | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | Union members from Local 416 and Local 79 work in various departments within the city and the work stoppage affected many of their services, including:
Garbage Collection - from single detached dwellings, low-rise residential dwellings and some small commercial businesses. (exception: former city of Etobicoke which c... | [
"Toronto09StrikeEmergencyGarbage.JPG",
"Christie Pits Dump Site 1.JPG"
] | [
"Services affected"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-23571523-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Garbage collection | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | The cessation of garbage collection was one of the more noticeable effects of the labour disruption. Four days into the strike the city announced 19 temporary garbage drop off locations for residential waste. This decision proved controversial in the neighbourhoods containing the sites as residents expressed concerns a... | [] | [
"Services affected",
"Garbage collection"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-23571523-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | Final resolution | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | On July 27, after extensions to a union-imposed midnight deadline to reach an agreement, CUPE local 416 President Mark Ferguson announced that the union had "the basis for a deal" with the City of Toronto. Ferguson exhorted the city to turn its attention to resolving outstanding issues with the city's inside workers r... | [] | [
"Final resolution"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-23571523-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike | 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike | See also | The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a legal strike action that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the Canadian Union of Public Employees in the city of Toronto.
It involved approximately 24,00... | 2009 City of Windsor inside and outside workers strike
Mayor David Miller | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"2009 labor disputes and strikes",
"Labour disputes in Ontario",
"Canadian Union of Public Employees",
"2009 in Toronto"
] |
projected-20463625-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | Introduction | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] | |
projected-20463625-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | biography | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | Takai's family owned a local bike shop. She played softball at . After entering , she became popular among the students and was dubbed (Jakkō is an abbreviation for Wakasa High School). At that time, she dreamed of becoming an actress in the future. After graduating from high school, she moved to Tokyo to attend Joshi... | [] | [
"biography"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] |
projected-20463625-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | Relationship with Yukiko Iwai | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | She and Yukiko Iwai, who were partnered in Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi, were said by those around them to be not on good terms with each other. However, at least in the early days, it is considered otherwise. They often took a cab home together after appearing on Yūyake Nyan Nyan at the time, since they were going home in th... | [] | [
"Relationship with Yukiko Iwai"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] |
projected-20463625-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | Takai's characteristics and Yasushi Akimoto | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | Many of Takai's fans interpreted her sudden marriage as Akimoto forcibly taking her away from them. Although they directed their uncontrollable anger toward Akimoto, sometimes even directly harassing him, they accepted this fact over time. In the summer of 1986, she was secretly being stalked by the paparazzi of the ph... | [] | [
"Takai's characteristics and Yasushi Akimoto"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] |
projected-20463625-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | Studio albums | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | (1987)
(1987)
(1988)
Message (1988) | [] | [
"Albums",
"Studio albums"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] |
projected-20463625-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamiko%20Takai | Mamiko Takai | Compilation albums | Mamiko Takai (高井麻巳子, Takai Mamiko, born December 28, 1966 in Obama, Fukui, Japan) is a Japanese idol from the eighties, who debuted in 1985 with the J-pop girl band Onyanko Club, and its first sub-group, duo Ushiroyubi Sasaregumi with her co-worker Yukiko Iwai. She quit those two bands in 1987, becoming a solo artist, ... | series
(2002)
(2010)
(2004)
(2004) | [] | [
"Albums",
"Compilation albums"
] | [
"Japanese women pop singers",
"Japanese idols",
"Living people",
"1966 births",
"People from Obama, Fukui",
"Onyanko Club",
"Yasushi Akimoto",
"Musicians from Fukui Prefecture"
] |
projected-44496513-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Fulignati | Andrea Fulignati | Introduction | Andrea Fulignati (born 31 October 1994) is an Italian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Catanzaro. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1994 births",
"People from Empoli",
"Footballers from Tuscany",
"Living people",
"Italian footballers",
"Italy youth international footballers",
"Association football goalkeepers",
"Palermo F.C. players",
"Trapani Calcio players",
"A.C. Cesena players",
"Empoli F.C. players",
"Ascoli Calcio 1... | |
projected-44496513-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea%20Fulignati | Andrea Fulignati | Career | Andrea Fulignati (born 31 October 1994) is an Italian footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Catanzaro. | Born in Empoli, and a youth product of small Tuscan team Sestese, he was scouted by Palermo and signed for the Under-19 youth team in 2012. He successively became third-choice keeper for the first time in the following years.
In 2015 he was loaned out to Serie B club Trapani to get more first-team experience, but ende... | [] | [
"Career"
] | [
"1994 births",
"People from Empoli",
"Footballers from Tuscany",
"Living people",
"Italian footballers",
"Italy youth international footballers",
"Association football goalkeepers",
"Palermo F.C. players",
"Trapani Calcio players",
"A.C. Cesena players",
"Empoli F.C. players",
"Ascoli Calcio 1... |
projected-44496518-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykaminea%2C%20Larissa | Sykaminea, Larissa | Introduction | Sykaminea (, ) is a village and a community of the Elassona municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the community of Karya of which it was a communal district. The 2011 census recorded 94 inhabitants in the village. The community of Sykaminea covers an area of 47.254 km2. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Populated places in Larissa (regional unit)"
] | |
projected-44496518-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykaminea%2C%20Larissa | Sykaminea, Larissa | Population | Sykaminea (, ) is a village and a community of the Elassona municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the community of Karya of which it was a communal district. The 2011 census recorded 94 inhabitants in the village. The community of Sykaminea covers an area of 47.254 km2. | According to the 2011 census, the population of the settlement of Sykaminea was 94 people, a decrease of almost 34% compared with the population of the previous census of 2001. | [] | [
"Population"
] | [
"Populated places in Larissa (regional unit)"
] |
projected-44496518-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykaminea%2C%20Larissa | Sykaminea, Larissa | See also | Sykaminea (, ) is a village and a community of the Elassona municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the community of Karya of which it was a communal district. The 2011 census recorded 94 inhabitants in the village. The community of Sykaminea covers an area of 47.254 km2. | List of settlements in the Larissa regional unit | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Populated places in Larissa (regional unit)"
] |
projected-44496518-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykaminea%2C%20Larissa | Sykaminea, Larissa | References | Sykaminea (, ) is a village and a community of the Elassona municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the community of Karya of which it was a communal district. The 2011 census recorded 94 inhabitants in the village. The community of Sykaminea covers an area of 47.254 km2. | Category:Populated places in Larissa (regional unit) | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Populated places in Larissa (regional unit)"
] |
projected-20463632-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art%20Welch | Art Welch | Introduction | Art Welch (born 16 April 1944) is a Jamaican former professional soccer player who played in the North American Soccer League and Major Indoor Soccer League.
He began his career in Jamaica with Cavaliers FC, alongside twin brother Asher.
In May 1977, the Las Vegas Quicksilvers traded Welch to the Washington Diplomats... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1944 births",
"Living people",
"Sportspeople from Kingston, Jamaica",
"Atlanta Chiefs players",
"Baltimore Bays players",
"Jamaican footballers",
"Jamaica international footballers",
"Jamaican expatriate footballers",
"Jamaican emigrants to the United States",
"Major Indoor Soccer League (1978–19... | |
projected-20463634-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Iron%20Stair | The Iron Stair | Introduction | The Iron Stair may refer to:
The Iron Stair (novel), a crime novel by Rita
The Iron Stair (1920 film), a British film adaptation directed by F. Martin Thornton
The Iron Stair (1933 film), a British film adaptation directed by Leslie S. Hiscott | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-06899779-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Introduction | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] | |
projected-06899779-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Taxonomy | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | Felis venatica was proposed by Edward Griffith in 1821 and based on a sketch of a maneless cheetah from India. Griffith's description was published in Le Règne Animal with the help of Griffith's assistant Charles Hamilton Smith in 1827.
Acinonyx raddei was proposed by Max Hilzheimer in 1913 for the cheetah population ... | [] | [
"Taxonomy"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Evolution | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | Results of a five-year phylogeographic study on cheetah subspecies indicate that Asiatic and African cheetah populations separated between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago and are genetically distinct. Samples of 94 cheetahs for extracting mitochondrial DNA were collected in nine countries from wild, seized and captive indi... | [] | [
"Evolution"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Characteristics | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The Asiatic cheetah has a buff-to-light fawn-coloured fur that is paler on the sides, on the front of the muzzle, below the eyes and inner legs. Small black spots are arranged in lines on the head and nape, but irregularly scattered on body, legs, paws and tail. The tail tip has black stripes. The coat and mane are sho... | [
"Koushki 2.jpg"
] | [
"Characteristics"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Distribution and habitat | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The cheetah thrives in open lands, small plains, semi-desert areas, and other open habitats where prey is available. The Asiatic cheetah mainly inhabits the desert areas around Dasht-e Kavir in the eastern half of Iran, including parts of the Kerman, Khorasan, Semnan, Yazd, Tehran, and Markazi provinces. Most live in f... | [
"Iranian Cheetah roars.jpg"
] | [
"Distribution and habitat"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Former range | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The Asiatic cheetah once ranged from the Arabian Peninsula and Near East to Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Afghanistan and Pakistan to India.
It is considered regionally extinct in all of its former range, with the only known surviving population being Iran.
In Iraq, the cheetah was still recorded in the desert wes... | [
"Maharajah Ramanuj Pratap Singh Deo with cheetah kill 1948 BNHS.jpg"
] | [
"Distribution and habitat",
"Former range"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Ecology and behaviour | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | Most sightings of cheetahs in the Miandasht Wildlife Refuge between January 2003 and March 2006 occurred during the day and near watercourses. These observations suggest that they are most active when their prey is.
Camera-trapping data obtained between 2009 and 2011 indicate that some cheetahs travel long distances. ... | [] | [
"Ecology and behaviour"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Diet | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The Asiatic cheetah preys on medium-sized herbivores including chinkara, goitered gazelle, wild sheep, wild goat and cape hare. In Khar Turan National Park, cheetahs use a wide range of habitats, but prefer areas close to water sources. This habitat overlaps to 61% with wild sheep, 36% with onager, and 30% with gazelle... | [
"Kushki & rubit.jpg"
] | [
"Ecology and behaviour",
"Diet"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Reproduction | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | Evidence of females successfully raising cubs is very rare. A few observations in Iran indicate that they give birth throughout the year to one to four cubs. In April 2003, four cubs found in a den had still closed eyes. In November 2004, a cub was recorded by a camera-trap that was about 6–8 months old. Breeding succe... | [
"CheetahCubs.jpg"
] | [
"Ecology and behaviour",
"Reproduction"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Threats | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The Asiatic cheetah has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 1996. Following the Iranian Revolution of 1979, wildlife conservation was interrupted for several years. Manoeuvres with armed vehicles were carried in steppes, and local people hunted cheetahs and prey species unchecked. The gazell... | [
"AkbarHunt.jpg"
] | [
"Threats"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Conservation efforts | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | In September 2001, the project "Conservation of the Asiatic Cheetah and its Associated Biota" was launched by the Iranian Department of Environment in cooperation with the United Nations Development Programme's Global Environment Facility, the Wildlife Conservation Society, the IUCN Cat Specialist Group, the Cheetah Co... | [
"MerajAirA306PersianCheetah.JPG"
] | [
"Conservation efforts"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | In captivity | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | In February 2010, photos of an Asiatic cheetah in a "Semi-Captive Breeding and Research Center of Iranian Cheetah" in Iran's Semnan province were published. Another news report stated that the centre is home to about ten Asiatic cheetahs in a semi-wild environment protected by wire fencing all around.
In January 2008,... | [
"Kooshki (Iranian Cheetah) 04.jpg"
] | [
"Conservation efforts",
"In captivity"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | Re-introduction proposals | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | The Asiatic cheetah whose long history on the Indian subcontinent gave the Sanskrit-derived vernacular name "cheetah" to the species Acinonyx jubatus, also had a gradual history of habitat loss there. In Punjab, before the thorn forests were cleared and extensively utilized for agriculture and human settlement, they w... | [] | [
"Conservation efforts",
"Re-introduction proposals"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899779-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah | Asiatic cheetah | See also | The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran. It once occurred from the Arabian Peninsula and the Near East to the Caspian region, Transcaucasus, Kyzylkum Desert and India, but was extirpated in these regions during the 20th century.
Th... | Wildlife of Iran
Northeast African cheetah
Northwest African cheetah
Southeast African cheetah
East African cheetah
American cheetahs (Miracinonyx)
Cheetah Conservation Fund | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Acinonyx",
"Felids of Asia",
"Fauna of South Asia",
"Fauna of Western Asia",
"Fauna of Iran",
"Critically endangered fauna of Asia",
"Species endangered by habitat loss",
"Species endangered by habitat fragmentation",
"Mammals described in 1821",
"Taxa named by Edward Griffith (zoologist)"
] |
projected-06899782-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crumbling%20Wall | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall | Introduction | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall is the twenty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1945 under Carolyn Keene, a pseudonym of the ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1945 American novels",
"1945 children's books",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] | |
projected-06899782-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crumbling%20Wall | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall | Plot | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall is the twenty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1945 under Carolyn Keene, a pseudonym of the ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. | Nancy and her friends work to find an inheritance concealed in the walls of an old mansion before it can be discovered and stolen by an unscrupulous and crude man. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1945 American novels",
"1945 children's books",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] |
projected-06899782-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crumbling%20Wall | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall | Covers | The Clue in the Crumbling Wall is the twenty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1945 under Carolyn Keene, a pseudonym of the ghostwriter Mildred Wirt Benson. | The original art, by R. H. Tandy shows Nancy (in a shirtwaist dress), Bess and George removing a box that they have found while hiding from two men were "hacking" away at the stone walls of a garden walkway. Bess is depicted with very dark blonde-light brown hair, and all three girls are in feminine clothing, contrary ... | [] | [
"Covers"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1945 American novels",
"1945 children's books",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] |
projected-17327112-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Introduction | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] | |
projected-17327112-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | History | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The original Greek alphabet did not have diacritics. The Greek alphabet is attested since the 8th century BC, and until 403 BC, variations of the Greek alphabet—which exclusively used what are now known as capitals—were used in different cities and areas. From 403 on, the Athenians decided to employ a version of the Io... | [
"Codex Sinaiticus-small.jpg"
] | [
"History"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Introduction of breathings | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The rough and smooth breathings were introduced in classical times in order to represent the presence or absence of an in Attic Greek, which had adopted a form of the alphabet in which the letter Η (eta) was no longer available for this purpose as it was used to represent the long vowel . | [
"Byzantinischer Maler um 1020 003.jpg"
] | [
"History",
"Introduction of breathings"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Introduction of accents | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | During the Hellenistic period (3rd century BC), Aristophanes of Byzantium introduced the breathings—marks of aspiration (the aspiration however being already noted on certain inscriptions, not by means of diacritics but by regular letters or modified letters)—and the accents, of which the use started to spread, to beco... | [] | [
"History",
"Introduction of accents"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Uncial script | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The majuscule, i.e., a system where text is written entirely in capital letters, was used until the 8th century, when the minuscule polytonic supplanted it. | [] | [
"History",
"Uncial script"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Grave accent rule | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | By the Byzantine period, the modern rule which turns an acute accent (oxeia) on the last syllable into a grave accent (bareia)—except before a punctuation sign or an enclitic—had been firmly established. Certain authors have argued that the grave originally denoted the absence of accent; the modern rule is, in their vi... | [] | [
"History",
"Grave accent rule"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Stress accent | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | In the later development of the language, the ancient pitch accent was replaced by an intensity or stress accent, making the three types of accent identical, and the sound became silent. | [] | [
"History",
"Stress accent"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Simplification | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | At the beginning of the 20th century (official since the 1960s), the grave was replaced by the acute, and the iota subscript and the breathings on the rho were abolished, except in printed texts. Greek typewriters from that era did not have keys for the grave accent or the iota subscript, and these diacritics were also... | [] | [
"History",
"Simplification"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Official adoption of monotonic system | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Following the official adoption of the demotic form of the language, the monotonic orthography was imposed by law in 1982. The latter uses only the acute accent (or sometimes a vertical bar, intentionally distinct from any of the traditional accents) and diaeresis and omits the breathings. This simplification has been ... | [] | [
"History",
"Official adoption of monotonic system"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Modern use of polytonic system | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Some individuals, institutions, and publishers continue to prefer the polytonic system (with or without grave accent), though an official reintroduction of the polytonic system does not seem probable. The Greek Orthodox church, the daily newspaper Estia, as well as books written in Katharevousa continue to use the poly... | [] | [
"History",
"Modern use of polytonic system"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Description | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Polytonic Greek uses many different diacritics in several categories. At the time of Ancient Greek, each of these marked a significant distinction in pronunciation.
Monotonic orthography for Modern Greek uses only two diacritics, the tonos and diaeresis (sometimes used in combination) that have significance in pronunc... | [] | [
"Description"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Accents | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The accents (, singular: ) are placed on an accented vowel or on the last of the two vowels of a diphthong (ά, but αί) and indicated pitch patterns in Ancient Greek. The precise nature of the patterns is not certain, but the general nature of each is known.
The acute accent ( or "high") '' marked high pitch on a short... | [
"Greek acute.svg",
"Greek gravis.svg",
"Greek circumflex tilde.svg",
"Greek circumflex breve.svg"
] | [
"Description",
"Accents"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Breathings | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The breathings were written over a vowel or ρ.
The rough breathing (; Latin )—''—indicates a voiceless glottal fricative () before the vowel in Ancient Greek. In Greek grammar, this is known as aspiration. This is different from aspiration in phonetics, which applies to consonants, not vowels.
Rho (Ρρ) at the beginni... | [
"Greek asper.svg",
"Greek lenis.svg",
"Greek asper acute.svg",
"Greek lenis circumflex breve.svg"
] | [
"Description",
"Breathings"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Coronis | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The coronis () marks a vowel contracted by crasis. It was formerly an apostrophe placed after the contracted vowel, but is now placed over the vowel and is identical to the smooth breathing. Unlike the smooth breathing, it often occurs inside a word. | [
"Greek coronis crasis.svg"
] | [
"Description",
"Coronis"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Subscript | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The iota subscript ()—''—is placed under the long vowels ᾱ, η, and ω to mark the ancient long diphthongs ᾱι, ηι, and ωι, in which the ι is no longer pronounced. | [
"Greek iota placement 03.svg",
"Greek iota placement 01.svg",
"Greek iota placement 02.svg",
"Greek iota placement 04.svg",
"Greek iota placement 05.svg",
"Greek iota placement 06.svg"
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"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Adscript | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Next to a capital, the iota subscript is usually written as a lower-case letter (Αι), in which case it is called iota adscript (). | [] | [
"Description",
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] | [
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"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Diaeresis | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | In Ancient Greek, the diaeresis ( or ) – – appears on the letters and to show that a pair of vowel letters is pronounced separately, rather than as a diphthong.
In Modern Greek, the diaeresis usually indicates that two successive vowels are pronounced separately (as in , "I trick, mock"), but occasionally, it mark... | [
"Greek diacritic non-diphthong capitals.svg"
] | [
"Description",
"Diaeresis"
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"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
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"Spelling reform",
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] |
projected-17327112-017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Vowel length | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | In textbooks and dictionaries of Ancient Greek, the macron—''—and breve—''—are often used over , , and to indicate that they are long or short, respectively. | [] | [
"Description",
"Vowel length"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
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"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Caron | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | In some modern non-standard orthographies of Greek dialects, such as Cypriot Greek and Griko, a caron (ˇ) may be used on some consonants to show a palatalized pronunciation. They are not encoded as precombined characters in Unicode, so they are typed by adding the to the Greek letter. Latin diacritics on Greek letters... | [] | [
"Description",
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"Caron"
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"Koine Greek",
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"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Dot above | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | A dot diacritic was used above some consonants and vowels in Karamanli Turkish, which was written with the Greek alphabet. | [] | [
"Description",
"Nonstandard diacritics",
"Dot above"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
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"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
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] |
projected-17327112-021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Position in letters | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Diacritics are written above lower-case letters and at the upper left of capital letters. In the case of a digraph, the second vowel takes the diacritics. A breathing diacritic is written to the left of an acute or grave accent but below a circumflex. Accents are written above a diaeresis or between its two dots. Diacr... | [] | [
"Position in letters"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Computer encoding | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | There have been problems in representing polytonic Greek on computers, and in displaying polytonic Greek on computer screens and printouts, but these have largely been overcome by the advent of Unicode and appropriate fonts. | [] | [
"Computer encoding"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | IETF language tag | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | The IETF language tags have registered subtag codes for the different orthographies:
for monotonic Greek.
for polytonic Greek. | [] | [
"Computer encoding",
"IETF language tag"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Unicode | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | While the tónos of monotonic orthography looks similar to the oxeîa of polytonic orthography in most fonts, Unicode has historically separate symbols for letters with these diacritics. For example, the monotonic "Greek small letter alpha with tónos" is at U+03AC, while the polytonic "Greek small letter alpha with oxeîa... | [] | [
"Computer encoding",
"Unicode"
] | [
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"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | See also | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Acute accent
Voiceless glottal fricative
Diaeresis – Synaeresis
Greek language
Koine Greek phonology
Modern Greek grammar
Greek alphabet
Greek language question
Greek ligatures
Greek braille
Greek minuscule
Textual criticism
Aristarchian symbols
Obelism
Dagger (typography)
Greek numerals
Attic numerals
... | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327112-030 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek%20diacritics | Greek diacritics | Further reading | Greek orthography has used a variety of diacritics starting in the Hellenistic period. The more complex polytonic orthography (), which includes five diacritics, notates Ancient Greek phonology. The simpler monotonic orthography (), introduced in 1982, corresponds to Modern Greek phonology, and requires only two diacri... | Panayotakis is critical of the adoption of monotonic, and also provides a useful historical sketch.
See also: . | [] | [
"Further reading"
] | [
"Hellenic scripts",
"Greek-script diacritics",
"Greek language",
"Koine Greek",
"Ancient Greek",
"Orthographies by language",
"Orthography",
"Spelling reform",
"Keyboard layouts"
] |
projected-17327122-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20God%C3%ADnez | Juan Godínez | Introduction | Juan Godíñez (1517 - 1571) Conquistador Juan Godínez, was born in the city of Úbeda, Spain. He came to the Americas in 1532. After coming to Peru, he campaigned with Diego de Almagro in Chile. He later served in Peru in the subjugation of Manco Inca, and in the expeditions of the captains Pedro de Candia and Diego de... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Spanish conquistadors",
"Spanish generals",
"Encomenderos",
"Viceroyalty of Peru people",
"Captaincy General of Chile",
"Colonial Peru",
"1571 deaths",
"1517 births",
"16th-century Peruvian people"
] | |
projected-17327122-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20God%C3%ADnez | Juan Godínez | Sources | Juan Godíñez (1517 - 1571) Conquistador Juan Godínez, was born in the city of Úbeda, Spain. He came to the Americas in 1532. After coming to Peru, he campaigned with Diego de Almagro in Chile. He later served in Peru in the subjugation of Manco Inca, and in the expeditions of the captains Pedro de Candia and Diego de... | Jerónimo de Vivar, Crónica y relación copiosa y verdadera de los reinos de Chile (Chronicle and abundant and true relation of the kingdoms of Chile) ARTEHISTORIA REVISTA DIGITAL; Crónicas de América (on line in Spanish)
de Góngora Marmolejo, Alonso, Historia de Todas las Cosas que han Acaecido en el Reino de Chile y ... | [] | [
"Sources"
] | [
"Spanish conquistadors",
"Spanish generals",
"Encomenderos",
"Viceroyalty of Peru people",
"Captaincy General of Chile",
"Colonial Peru",
"1571 deaths",
"1517 births",
"16th-century Peruvian people"
] |
projected-17327124-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vamaj | Vamaj | Introduction | Vamaj is a small village situated near Kadi (a town known for its oil industry) and Kalol. Its Panchayat code is 162352. It is also famous for Shri Vamaj Tirth, a temple belonging to the Jain religion. The idol of Dada Adishvar in the temple belongs to the times of king Samprati | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Villages in Mehsana district"
] | |
projected-17327124-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vamaj | Vamaj | References | Vamaj is a small village situated near Kadi (a town known for its oil industry) and Kalol. Its Panchayat code is 162352. It is also famous for Shri Vamaj Tirth, a temple belonging to the Jain religion. The idol of Dada Adishvar in the temple belongs to the times of king Samprati | Category:Villages in Mehsana district | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Villages in Mehsana district"
] |
projected-20463664-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20U-21%20%28Austria-Hungary%29 | SM U-21 (Austria-Hungary) | Introduction | SM U-21 or U-XXI was a or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ( or ) during the First World War. The design for U-21 was based on submarines of the Royal Danish Navy's Havmanden class (three of which had been built in Austria-Hungary), and was largely obsolete by the beginning of the war.
U-21 ... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"U-20-class submarines",
"U-boats commissioned in 1917",
"1916 ships",
"World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary",
"Ships built in Pola"
] | |
projected-20463664-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20U-21%20%28Austria-Hungary%29 | SM U-21 (Austria-Hungary) | Design and construction | SM U-21 or U-XXI was a or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ( or ) during the First World War. The design for U-21 was based on submarines of the Royal Danish Navy's Havmanden class (three of which had been built in Austria-Hungary), and was largely obsolete by the beginning of the war.
U-21 ... | When it became apparent to the Austro-Hungarian Navy that the First World War would not be a short one, they moved to bolster their U-boat fleet by seizing the plans for the Danish Havmanden class submarines, three of which had been built at Whitehead & Co. in Fiume. Although the Austro-Hungarian Navy was not happy wit... | [] | [
"Design and construction"
] | [
"U-20-class submarines",
"U-boats commissioned in 1917",
"1916 ships",
"World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary",
"Ships built in Pola"
] |
projected-20463664-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20U-21%20%28Austria-Hungary%29 | SM U-21 (Austria-Hungary) | Service career | SM U-21 or U-XXI was a or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ( or ) during the First World War. The design for U-21 was based on submarines of the Royal Danish Navy's Havmanden class (three of which had been built in Austria-Hungary), and was largely obsolete by the beginning of the war.
U-21 ... | U-21 was launched on 15 August 1916, the first of the four U-20-class boats. During a diving trial in January 1917, the submarine was damaged when it sank too deep, requiring repairs that took place over the next seven months. U-21 was commissioned on 15 August under the command of Linienschiffsleutnant Hugo von Seyffe... | [] | [
"Service career"
] | [
"U-20-class submarines",
"U-boats commissioned in 1917",
"1916 ships",
"World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary",
"Ships built in Pola"
] |
projected-20463664-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20U-21%20%28Austria-Hungary%29 | SM U-21 (Austria-Hungary) | Bibliography | SM U-21 or U-XXI was a or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ( or ) during the First World War. The design for U-21 was based on submarines of the Royal Danish Navy's Havmanden class (three of which had been built in Austria-Hungary), and was largely obsolete by the beginning of the war.
U-21 ... | Category:U-20-class submarines
Category:U-boats commissioned in 1917
Category:1916 ships
Category:World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary
Category:Ships built in Pola | [] | [
"Bibliography"
] | [
"U-20-class submarines",
"U-boats commissioned in 1917",
"1916 ships",
"World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary",
"Ships built in Pola"
] |
projected-20463671-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington | Thockrington | Introduction | Thockrington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bavington, in Northumberland, England. The village lies about north of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 18. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Villages in Northumberland",
"Former civil parishes in Northumberland"
] | |
projected-20463671-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington | Thockrington | Governance | Thockrington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bavington, in Northumberland, England. The village lies about north of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 18. | Thockrington is in the parliamentary constituency of Hexham. The parish was abolished on 1 April 1955 to form Bovington. | [] | [
"Governance"
] | [
"Villages in Northumberland",
"Former civil parishes in Northumberland"
] |
projected-20463671-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington | Thockrington | Religious sites | Thockrington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bavington, in Northumberland, England. The village lies about north of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 18. | Thockrington church, which stands so prominently on a spur of the Great Whin Sill, is one of the oldest churches in the county. The church is dedicated to St Aidan.
Here are buried several members of the ancient family of Shafto, the earliest mention of whom is in 1240. The Shaftos lived at nearby Bavington until the ... | [] | [
"Religious sites"
] | [
"Villages in Northumberland",
"Former civil parishes in Northumberland"
] |
projected-20463671-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington | Thockrington | Landmarks | Thockrington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bavington, in Northumberland, England. The village lies about north of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 18. | A little over a mile south-west of the village are the ruins of Little Swinburne Tower, a fifteenth-century pele tower. | [
"Little Swinburne Tower - geograph.org.uk - 116626.jpg"
] | [
"Landmarks"
] | [
"Villages in Northumberland",
"Former civil parishes in Northumberland"
] |
projected-20463671-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington | Thockrington | Notable people | Thockrington is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bavington, in Northumberland, England. The village lies about north of Hexham. In 1951 the parish had a population of 18. | Lord Beveridge, founder of the modern welfare state, is buried in the churchyard
The author Tom Sharpe's ashes were buried in the churchyard in 2014 by his Spanish partner, witnessed by a Spanish TV crew. Sharpe's father was once vicar of Thockrington.
The aviatrix, Connie Leathart (1903–93), is buried here; her rema... | [] | [
"Notable people"
] | [
"Villages in Northumberland",
"Former civil parishes in Northumberland"
] |
projected-20463686-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copa%20Petrobras%20Buenos%20Aires | Copa Petrobras Buenos Aires | Introduction | The Copa Petrobras Argentina was a tennis tournament held in Buenos Aires, Argentina since 2004. The event is part of the ''challenger series and is played on outdoor clay courts. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"ATP Challenger Tour",
"Sports competitions in Buenos Aires",
"Tennis tournaments in Argentina",
"Clay court tennis tournaments"
] | |
projected-20463689-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHCHL-FM | XHCHL-FM | Introduction | XHCHL-FM is a radio station on 90.1 FM in Monterrey, Nuevo León radio market. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Radio stations in Monterrey",
"1996 establishments in Mexico"
] | |
projected-20463689-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHCHL-FM | XHCHL-FM | History | XHCHL-FM is a radio station on 90.1 FM in Monterrey, Nuevo León radio market. | XHCHL received its concession on November 23, 1994. XHCHL was authorized to broadcast with 15,000 (later 20,000) watts on 99.1 MHz from China, Nuevo León. On July 15, 1996, the station came to air with a grupera format known as "La Picosa". In 2007, XHCHL moved to 106.5 MHz.
In 2010, XHCHL was authorized to move to Lo... | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Radio stations in Monterrey",
"1996 establishments in Mexico"
] |
projected-20463689-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XHCHL-FM | XHCHL-FM | References | XHCHL-FM is a radio station on 90.1 FM in Monterrey, Nuevo León radio market. | Category:Radio stations in Monterrey
Category:1996 establishments in Mexico | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Radio stations in Monterrey",
"1996 establishments in Mexico"
] |
projected-20463693-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Introduction | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] | |
projected-20463693-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Afghanistan | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | The official languages of Afghanistan are Pashto and Dari, both of which are Iranic languages. Dari, an Afghan standardized register of the Persian language, is considered the lingua franca of Afghanistan and used to write Afghan literature. Tajik is spoken by people closer to Tajikistan, although officially the langua... | [] | [
"Afghanistan"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Bangladesh | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Standard Bengali based on Rarhi dialect (West Bengal, India) is the national language of Bangladesh. Majority of Bangladeshis speaks Eastern Bengali. Native languages of Bangladesh are Sylheti and Chittagonian, while some ethnic minority groups also speak Tibeto-Burman, Dravidian and Austro-Asiatic languages. | [] | [
"Bangladesh"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Bhutan | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Dzongkha is the national language of the Kingdom of Bhutan. Almost all the languages of Bhutan are from Tibetic family (except Nepali, an Indo-Aryan language). | [] | [
"Bhutan"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | India | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Most languages spoken in India belong either to the Indo-Aryan (), the Dravidian (c. 24%), the Austroasiatic (Munda) (c. 1.2%), or the Tibeto-Burman (c. 0.6%) families, with some languages of the Himalayas still unclassified.
The SIL Ethnologue lists 461 living languages for India.
Hindustani is the most widespread l... | [] | [
"India"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Maldives | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Divehi is national language of Maldives, spoken by 95% of the population. Arabic being considered as religious language and English being medium of instruction for education and international purposes such as tourism. | [] | [
"Maldives"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Nepal | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Most of the languages of Nepal either fall under Indo-Aryan languages or Sino-Tibetan languages. The official language of the country is Nepali, earlier known as Gorkhali in the Kingdom of Nepal, and is the mother tongue of around half the population. | [] | [
"Nepal"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Pakistan | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Pakistan is a linguistically diverse country it has many dozens of languages spoken as first languages. The major languages of Pakistan broadly fall under the category Indo-Iranian languages, with western regions of Pakistan (close to Iran and Afghanistan) speaking Iranic languages and eastern regions (close to India) ... | [] | [
"Pakistan"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | Sri Lanka | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Sinhala and Tamil are the official languages of Sri Lanka, with Sri Lankan English as the link language. Tamil is a South-Dravidian language, and Sinhala belongs to the Insular Indic family (along with Dhivehi of Maldives). Vedda is said to be the indigenous language of Sri Lanka before the arrival of the Indo-Aryans a... | [] | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | See also | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Languages of Asia
Languages of Bangladesh
Languages of India:
Official languages of India
List of languages by number of native speakers in India
Languages of Pakistan
Languages of Maldives | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |
projected-20463693-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia | Languages of South Asia | References | South Asia is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Maldives and Sri Lanka. It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, Hindi–Urdu; and the sixth most spoken language, Bengali. The languages in the region mostly comprise Indo... | Data table of Census of India, 2001
SCHEDULED LANGUAGES IN DESCENDING ORDER OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH – 2001
COMPARATIVE RANKING OF SCHEDULED LANGUAGES IN DESCENDING ORDER OF SPEAKERS' STRENGTH-1971, 1981, 1991 AND 2001
Census data on Languages | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Languages of South Asia"
] |