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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
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projected-20463702-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle%20of%20Genius | Cradle of Genius | Introduction | Cradle of Genius is a 1961 Irish short documentary film directed by Paul Rotha on the history of the Abbey Theatre. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short. | [] | [
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projected-20463702-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle%20of%20Genius | Cradle of Genius | Cast | Cradle of Genius is a 1961 Irish short documentary film directed by Paul Rotha on the history of the Abbey Theatre. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short. | Eileen Crowe
Maureen Delany
Barry Fitzgerald
Siobhán McKenna | [] | [
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projected-20463707-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Iron%20Stair%20%281920%20film%29 | The Iron Stair (1920 film) | Introduction | The Iron Stair is a 1920 British silent-era crime film directed by F. Martin Thornton from the novel The Iron Stair by Rita. It starred Reginald Fox and Madge Stuart. A subsequent adaptation of the same story The Iron Stair was made in 1933 directed by Leslie S. Hiscott. | [] | [
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projected-20463714-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%20Degeorgi | Josef Degeorgi | Introduction | Josef Degeorgi (born 19 January 1960) is a former international Austrian footballer.
Degeorgi won the Austrian league four times and the Austrian cup three times while playing for Austria Wien from 1983 to 1990. | [] | [
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projected-20463725-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Parisi%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201988%29 | Alessandro Parisi (footballer, born 1988) | Introduction | Alessandro Parisi (born 21 September 1988 in Napoli, Italy) is an Italian footballer. He plays as a goalkeeper. He plays for Italian Lega Pro Seconda Divisione team Catanzaro. | [] | [
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projected-20463725-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro%20Parisi%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201988%29 | Alessandro Parisi (footballer, born 1988) | References | Alessandro Parisi (born 21 September 1988 in Napoli, Italy) is an Italian footballer. He plays as a goalkeeper. He plays for Italian Lega Pro Seconda Divisione team Catanzaro. | Category:Italian footballers
Category:U.S. Catanzaro 1929 players
Category:Living people
Category:1988 births
Category:Association football goalkeepers | [] | [
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projected-20463732-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhorn | Woodhorn | Introduction | Woodhorn is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Newbiggin by the Sea, in Northumberland, England, about east of Ashington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 219. The village is sometimes identified with Wucestre, given to St Cuthbert by King Ceolwulf when he gave up his throne in 737 to become a monk at Lindisfarne. A medieval bell at Woodhorn, inscribed "Ave Maria", is said to be one of the oldest in existence. | [] | [
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projected-20463732-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhorn | Woodhorn | Governance | Woodhorn is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Newbiggin by the Sea, in Northumberland, England, about east of Ashington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 219. The village is sometimes identified with Wucestre, given to St Cuthbert by King Ceolwulf when he gave up his throne in 737 to become a monk at Lindisfarne. A medieval bell at Woodhorn, inscribed "Ave Maria", is said to be one of the oldest in existence. | On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Newbiggin by the Sea and Ashington parishes. | [] | [
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projected-20463732-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhorn | Woodhorn | Economy | Woodhorn is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Newbiggin by the Sea, in Northumberland, England, about east of Ashington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 219. The village is sometimes identified with Wucestre, given to St Cuthbert by King Ceolwulf when he gave up his throne in 737 to become a monk at Lindisfarne. A medieval bell at Woodhorn, inscribed "Ave Maria", is said to be one of the oldest in existence. | The main employment was at the coal mine. The mine has since closed and the site has been landscaped incorporating a lake and known as Queen Elizabeth II Country Park. Some of the mine buildings have been retained and are used as a visitor centre. | [] | [
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projected-20463732-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhorn | Woodhorn | Landmarks | Woodhorn is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Newbiggin by the Sea, in Northumberland, England, about east of Ashington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 219. The village is sometimes identified with Wucestre, given to St Cuthbert by King Ceolwulf when he gave up his throne in 737 to become a monk at Lindisfarne. A medieval bell at Woodhorn, inscribed "Ave Maria", is said to be one of the oldest in existence. | Woodhorn Colliery Museum is situated in a country park with a lake. With sound effects, models, paintings, working machinery etc., the museum gives an insight into life in a local coal-mining community.
The site of the old pit is now the location for Northumberland Record Office, a purpose-built building having been constructed to replace the two previous buildings at Morpeth and Gosforth. | [] | [
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projected-20463732-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhorn | Woodhorn | Religious sites | Woodhorn is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Newbiggin by the Sea, in Northumberland, England, about east of Ashington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 219. The village is sometimes identified with Wucestre, given to St Cuthbert by King Ceolwulf when he gave up his throne in 737 to become a monk at Lindisfarne. A medieval bell at Woodhorn, inscribed "Ave Maria", is said to be one of the oldest in existence. | The church is dedicated to St Mary. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Introduction | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Early life | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | James Hill was the son of Rev James Hill (1676-1743), minister of the parish church of Kirkpatrick Durham in Kirkcudbrightshire, and his wife Agnes Muirhead (1678-1742), daughter of a Dumfries merchant. James Hill was born in the village of Kirkliston, West Lothian on 30 October 1703. On 17 May 1723 he was apprenticed to the Edinburgh surgeon, physician and philosopher George Young (1692-1757), from whom he learned the value of careful observation and scepticism in medicine. It is known from Hill's later writing that Young was a powerfully influential figure to his young apprentice during the latter's formative professional years.
Hill, like many Edinburgh surgical apprentices attended lectures at Surgeons’ Hall but like the majority of apprentices of the period did not proceed to a surgical diploma or a medical degree in the newly established University of Edinburgh Medical School. During Hill's apprenticeship there was no teaching hospital in Edinburgh. He later wrote "There was no infirmary in Edinburgh when I served my apprenticeship there, so that I never had an opportunity of seeing a cancerous breast extirpated or any other capital operation performed till I performed them myself." The first teaching hospital (the "Little House") opened opposite the head of Robertson's Close on 6 July 1729.
Hill joined the Royal Navy as a surgeon in 1730. At this time naval surgeons were certified for the purpose after an examination by the Court of Examiners of the London Company of Barbers and Surgeons and many naval surgeons of the day had no other formal qualifications. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Surgical practice in Dumfries | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | In 1732 Hill returned to Dumfries where he set up in surgical practice. On 28 January 1733 he married Anne McCartney, whose father John owned the Blacket (or Blaiket) estate, in the Parish of Urr and it was there that they established the family home. His practice was conducted from his town house in Amisfield's Lodging in the Fleshmarket, in Dumfries. There is no known portrait of James Hill but Murray provides this description: "... his height being about five feet eleven inches. He continued till his death to prefer that fashion of dress that had prevailed in his youth. He wore a full wig ; and used a large staff. He was a man of dignity both of appearance and manners."
Between 1742 and 1775, Hill trained sixteen surgical apprentices. Of these one, Benjamin Bell (1749-1806) was to achieve international fame largely through the success of his best selling textbook A System of Surgery first published in 1783. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Hill’s early writing | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | Hill a number of articles for the medical journal Medical Essays and Observations which had been launched in 1733 by the Society for the Improvement of Medical Knowledge, which would eventually become the Royal Society of Edinburgh. This was one of the earliest regular medical journals and it provided a vehicle for case reports and other types of article.
Hill's articles give an insight into the range of conditions with which he dealt as a surgeon-apothecary, and his understanding of their causes and treatment. He contributed a case report about a patient who was temporarily ‘cured’ of syphilis by a ‘mercurial suffumigation’. After various therapies including laudanum, tonics, claret and Dr Plummer's pills were unsuccessful, he resorted to mercury, a recognised treatment for syphilis and fumes were thought to be the fastest mode of delivery. The symptoms eventually and she survived for more than a year. This report demonstrates that surgeons in Scotland at this time truly acted as surgeon-apothecaries.
His report on two cases of hydatid disease describes one patient discharging hydatid cysts via a chronic cutaneous fistula from the liver and the other discharging cysts in the sputum. Both recovered without active treatment. Although able to diagnose hydatid disease he thought the condition arose because ‘some people have hydatic constitutions.’ | [] | [
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projected-44496522-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Cases in Surgery | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | In 1772 Hill published Cases in Surgery a summary of his life's work as a surgeon. Cases deals with the infectious disease sibbens, with cancers and with ‘disorders of the head from external violence’. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Sibbens | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | Sibbens is now known to be endemic syphilis, a Treponemal infection spread by non-sexual social contact and seen in association with deprivation, especially overcrowded living conditions, poor sanitation and malnutrition. Hill's account is written ‘to rectify the mistakes’ in the MD thesis on the topic submitted to the University of Edinburgh on the topic by Adam Freer in 1767. Hill concluded that syphilis and sibbens were the same disease and that sibbens, having been introduced into a family by sexual means, could then be transmitted around the family by close non-sexual contacts, giving his own family as an example of this mode of transmission. His apprentice Benjamin Bell, who was the first to show that syphilis and gonorrhoea were different diseases, also subscribed to this mode of transmission. Hill, like Freer before him and Bell after him, believed that the most successful treatment was mercury, supplemented on occasion by Peruvian bark. Hill was clear that sibbens and what he termed West Indian yaws were distinct diseases.
Subsequent writers credited Hill and his physician colleague and friend Dr Ebenezer Gilchrist (bap1708-1774) with providing the most precise description of the clinical features and natural history of the disease in Scotland. Hill and Gilchrist also appreciated that the condition could be prevented by improving personal hygiene and avoiding contact with sufferers, and both men advocated these and similar preventive measures. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Cancers | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | Hill's views on cancer treatment were that cancers should be radically excised aiming for cure, an approach in contrast to the mainstream view of leading European surgeons such as Alexander Monro primus, Samuel Sharp (c1709– 1778) and Henri François Le Dran (1685–1770) that cancers should only be minimally excised to relieve symptoms. He was able to review the outcome of surgery in 88 patients, 86 of whom recovered from the procedure and 77 of these enjoyed a normal expectation of life ‘according to the bills of mortality.’ These outcomes were much superior to the documented results of, for example, Alexander Monro primus. The cancers concerned were mainly skin cancers and a few breast cancers and Hill acknowledges the difficulty in dierentiating some cancers from benign lesions in the era before histological examination. He concludes that his results justify his recommendation that tumours, including ‘the most trifling,’ should be ‘cut entirely out.’ | [] | [
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projected-44496522-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Head injuries | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | It is Hill's chapter entitled ‘Disorders of the head from external violence’ that marks him out as a careful clinician and an innovative surgeon able to achieve remarkable outcomes by the standards of the day.
Hill recorded 18 cases of head injury which he had treated over 40 years. The cause of the injury, the clinical features, his treatment and the outcome in each case are all recorded in detail. Head injuries, he asserts, have been treated in ‘a much more rational manner’ in the previous 15 years as a result of discoveries and ‘valuable publications’ over that period. He describes the rationale for his treatment and how this changed over time as his knowledge and understanding of the problems progressively increased. He gives ‘a historical view of the gradual progress of the improvements made by others as well as by myself.’
His first patient, a five-year-old boy, sustained a depressed frontal fracture associated with an epidural haematoma (EDH). When the fracture was elevated and the haematoma drained by trepanning the skull, the boy ‘immediately recovered his senses’ but after some days the ‘stupor’ returned, indicating that 'some matter was lodged under the meninges’. Hill made a cruciate incision in the meninges to drain the haematoma with beneficial effect. Ganz regarded this as the first ever description of a lucid interval associated with a subdural haematoma.
This case also demonstrates Hill's understanding of the clinical features of cerebral compression: ‘The smallest compression brought on a stupor, a low intermittent pulse, nausea, vomiting and sometimes convulsive twitches.’ From case 3 onwards he avoided dressings which compressed the trepanned area.
In case 3 he again relieved the features of cerebral compression by a trepan with drainage of an EDH. In case 5 drainage of a large EDH resulted in restoration of consciousness and resolution of a right sided weakness. His account of this case also shows that he appreciated the concept that paralysis on one side of the body indicated compression on the opposite side of the brain. This patient, who crucially did not have a fracture, demonstrates Hill's appreciation that it was injury to the brain that caused symptoms rather than the fracture itself. Percival Pott (1714–1788) by contrast would only operate if a fracture were present.
Hill's understanding of concepts of cerebral compression is demonstrated further by his use of the word ‘compression’ and by his recording of cerebral pulsation or tension in all but one of the operations described. Both of his patients who exhibited poor or absent cerebral pulsation had sustained primary cerebral damage and both died. Hill more than any other eighteenth century writer appreciated the importance of cerebral pulsation as an indicator of cerebral health.
Further evidence of his understanding of the need to decompress where possible is shown by his use of the technique of relieving pressure by shaving off cerebral hernias caused by raised intracranial pressure, a technique he learned from the writing of Henri Francois Le Dran (1685–1770).
Hill's outcomes in treating patients with head injury compares favourably with those of his contemporaries with a mortality rate of 25%, much lower than that of le Dran (57%) or Percival Pott (51%). This was the result of Hill's appreciation of the concept of cerebral compression and his better understanding of the indication for and location of the trephine. Hill's work was recognised and was cited by the influential Edinburgh physician John Abercrombie(1780–1844), the Edinburgh surgeon John Bell (1763–1820)) and the London surgeon John Abernethy (1764–1831) | [] | [
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projected-44496522-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | Hill’s legacy | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | James Hill died on 18 October 1776 and is buried in St Michael's churchyard in Dumfries. He advanced the understanding of the treatment of head injury by showing that epidural and subdural haematoma could be recognised from clinical features and successfully treated by trepan and surgical drainage to relieve compression. He appreciated the importance of cerebral compression and the significance of unilateral limb weakness in lateralising intracranial bleeding and determining on which side to operate. This work represented a significant advance in our understanding of the nature of brain injury following trauma and how it should be treated. | [] | [
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projected-44496522-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hill%20%28surgeon%29 | James Hill (surgeon) | References | James Hill (30 October 1703 – 18 October 1776) was a Scottish surgeon working in Dumfries who advocated curative excision for cancer rather than the palliative approach adopted by many leading surgeons of the day. By follow-up of his patients over years he demonstrated that his radical approach resulted in better outcomes than those published by contemporaries. His experience in diagnosing and treating intracranial bleeding after head injury by directed trephine resulted in the best results published in the 18th century and represent an important landmark in the management of post-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage. | Category:1703 births
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Category:Scottish medical writers
Category:Enlightenment scientists
Category:Royal Navy Medical Service officers | [] | [
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projected-20463735-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nino%20Zec | Nino Zec | Introduction | Ninoslav "Nino" Zec (, born 7 July 1949) is a retired Yugoslav professional footballer who played as midfielder or striker. | [] | [
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projected-20463735-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nino%20Zec | Nino Zec | Career | Ninoslav "Nino" Zec (, born 7 July 1949) is a retired Yugoslav professional footballer who played as midfielder or striker. | Born in Miloševo, SR Serbia, Zec began his professional career in 1968 with OFK Beograd. In 1978, Zec moved to the United States to play in the NASL, signing with the Tulsa Roughnecks. He moved to the Atlanta Chiefs in 1979 and was traded to the Houston Hurricane during the season. In 1980, the league terminated the Houston franchise and in December 1980 the Jacksonville Tea Men signed Zec. In 1983, the Tea Men moved to the American Soccer League. Zec spent the 1983 season with the Tea Men in the ASL. When the ASL collapsed at the end of the season, Zec and his teammates moved to the United Soccer League. He also played six games for the Pittsburgh Spirit during the 1979–1980 Major Indoor Soccer League season. He played another three games for the Tulsa Roughnecks during the 1983–1984 NASL indoor season.
He currently lives in Florida where he owns a flooring business. His father in law was one of the most famous Yugoslavian strikers Stjepan Bobek. Zec was the first player ever to receive a yellow card in Yugoslavian football after the booking rule was introduced. | [] | [
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projected-20463738-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman%20Gym%20%28Gainesville%2C%20Florida%29 | Norman Gym (Gainesville, Florida) | Introduction | The James W. Norman Gym is a historic building on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, United States. The facility was designed by Rudolph Weaver and built in 1932. It is located on U.S. Route 441, near the southwest corner of Southwest 3rd Avenue and 12th Street in Gainesville. | [] | [
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projected-20463738-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman%20Gym%20%28Gainesville%2C%20Florida%29 | Norman Gym (Gainesville, Florida) | See also | The James W. Norman Gym is a historic building on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, United States. The facility was designed by Rudolph Weaver and built in 1932. It is located on U.S. Route 441, near the southwest corner of Southwest 3rd Avenue and 12th Street in Gainesville. | University of Florida
Buildings at the University of Florida
University of Florida College of Education | [] | [
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projected-20463747-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia%20Marand | Patricia Marand | Introduction | Patricia Marand (January 25, 1934 – November 27, 2008) was an American actress and singer, best known for roles in musical theatre. She was nominated for a 1966 Tony Award for her part as Lois Lane in the musical It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman. She also appeared in the 1952 musical Wish You Were Here. She was a regular on The Merv Griffin Show. | [] | [
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"2008 deaths",
"American musical theatre actresses",
"Deaths from cancer in New York (state)",
"Deaths from brain tumor",
"20th-century American actresses",
"Actresses from New York City",
"Musicians from Brooklyn",
"20th-century American singers",
"20th-century American women singe... | |
projected-20463747-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia%20Marand | Patricia Marand | Life and career | Patricia Marand (January 25, 1934 – November 27, 2008) was an American actress and singer, best known for roles in musical theatre. She was nominated for a 1966 Tony Award for her part as Lois Lane in the musical It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman. She also appeared in the 1952 musical Wish You Were Here. She was a regular on The Merv Griffin Show. | Marand, was born in Brooklyn, New York and grew up in New York City, the daughter of Patrick and Justine Marandino. Her birth name was Patricia Marandino, and she had a brother Robert.
She made her Broadway debut in South Pacific as a replacement for Lt. Genevieve Marshall. She then starred as Teddy Stern in the 1952 musical Wish You Were Here, opposite Jack Cassidy. She was back on Broadway in The Pajama Game in 1955 as a replacement in the role of Brenda. She was nominated for the Tony Award in 1966 as Lois Lane in the Hal Prince-directed Broadway production of It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman, composed by Charles Strouse. The press called her "A statuesque, red haired beauty with an unforgettable rich, smooth and melodic soprano voice, Marand’s iconic performances epitomized legendary Broadway theatre with memorable grace and style."
A regular in summer stock, she toured in 1981, starring opposite Yul Brynner, as Anna in The King and I. In other stage roles, she played Aldonza in Man of La Mancha opposite Alfred Drake and had leading roles in Kiss Me, Kate, Guys & Dolls, Oklahoma! and Kismet, among others. She was a regular on The Merv Griffin Show and appeared as a guest several times on The Ed Sullivan Show and The Johnny Carson Show. On March 5, 1967, she was the featured star for the "Stars of Defense" radio show. She also sang in concerts with the Chicago, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, New Haven and Minneapolis Symphonies, and sang in long-running engagements at supper clubs at such venues as New York's Pierre and St. Regis Hotels. She guest starred as Helen Barone in The Sopranos (2000).
Marand married lawyer Irving Salem in 1984 and died in 2008 at the age of 74, in New York City, from brain cancer. She is buried at Greenwood Union Cemetery in Harrison, New York. | [] | [
"Life and career"
] | [
"1934 births",
"2008 deaths",
"American musical theatre actresses",
"Deaths from cancer in New York (state)",
"Deaths from brain tumor",
"20th-century American actresses",
"Actresses from New York City",
"Musicians from Brooklyn",
"20th-century American singers",
"20th-century American women singe... |
projected-20463757-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%20Mouse%20March | Mickey Mouse March | Introduction | "(The) Mickey Mouse March" is the opening theme for The Mickey Mouse Club television show, which aired in the United States from October 1955 to 1959, on the ABC television network. (The first two lines are: Who’s the leader of the club that’s made for you and me? M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E!) The song is reprised with the slower "it's time to say goodbye" verse, at the end of each episode. In the show's opening, the song is partially performed by the characters Dumbo and Jiminy Cricket. It also ended with Donald Duck attempting to hit a gong with the "Mickey Mouse Club" title on it, but would end with comic results, such as him getting hit by lightning, or the gong turning out to be a pie, or Donald just hitting a triangle instead.
The song was written by the Mickey Mouse Club host Jimmie Dodd and was published by Hal Leonard Corporation, July 1, 1955. Dodd, who was a guitarist and musician hired by Walt Disney as a songwriter, wrote other songs used over the course of the series, as well, such as the “theme day” songs sung on the show. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Disney songs",
"1955 songs",
"Animated series theme songs",
"Children's television theme songs",
"Comedy television theme songs",
"The Mickey Mouse Club",
"Songs about mice and rats",
"Songs about fictional male characters"
] | |
projected-20463757-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%20Mouse%20March | Mickey Mouse March | Cover versions | "(The) Mickey Mouse March" is the opening theme for The Mickey Mouse Club television show, which aired in the United States from October 1955 to 1959, on the ABC television network. (The first two lines are: Who’s the leader of the club that’s made for you and me? M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E!) The song is reprised with the slower "it's time to say goodbye" verse, at the end of each episode. In the show's opening, the song is partially performed by the characters Dumbo and Jiminy Cricket. It also ended with Donald Duck attempting to hit a gong with the "Mickey Mouse Club" title on it, but would end with comic results, such as him getting hit by lightning, or the gong turning out to be a pie, or Donald just hitting a triangle instead.
The song was written by the Mickey Mouse Club host Jimmie Dodd and was published by Hal Leonard Corporation, July 1, 1955. Dodd, who was a guitarist and musician hired by Walt Disney as a songwriter, wrote other songs used over the course of the series, as well, such as the “theme day” songs sung on the show. | Julie London covered the song on her 1967 album, Nice Girls Don't Stay for Breakfast. Elvis Presley performed a bit of the song during his May 2, 1975 concert in Atlanta, Georgia. A concert recording of the show was made available on the Follow That Dream Collectors' label release, Southbound - Tampa / Atlanta '75. Mannheim Steamroller covered the song as the final track on the album, Mannheim Steamroller Meets the Mouse (1999). In 2000, a eurobeat version of the song was released on the Japan-only Eurobeat Disney, recorded by Domino and Dave Rodgers. Andrew W.K. also covered the song, on the Japanese-only release of the album Mosh Pit On Disney (2004).
In 2017, D-Metal Stars created a Heavy Metal cover of the song on the album "Metal Disney" featuring Mike Vescera and Rudy Sarzo
There was a gachimuchi cover made of Mickey Mouse March called "Bockey Mouse March" on YouTube, receiving immense amount of popularity until it was removed by YouTube. | [] | [
"Cover versions"
] | [
"Disney songs",
"1955 songs",
"Animated series theme songs",
"Children's television theme songs",
"Comedy television theme songs",
"The Mickey Mouse Club",
"Songs about mice and rats",
"Songs about fictional male characters"
] |
projected-20463757-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%20Mouse%20March | Mickey Mouse March | In popular culture | "(The) Mickey Mouse March" is the opening theme for The Mickey Mouse Club television show, which aired in the United States from October 1955 to 1959, on the ABC television network. (The first two lines are: Who’s the leader of the club that’s made for you and me? M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E!) The song is reprised with the slower "it's time to say goodbye" verse, at the end of each episode. In the show's opening, the song is partially performed by the characters Dumbo and Jiminy Cricket. It also ended with Donald Duck attempting to hit a gong with the "Mickey Mouse Club" title on it, but would end with comic results, such as him getting hit by lightning, or the gong turning out to be a pie, or Donald just hitting a triangle instead.
The song was written by the Mickey Mouse Club host Jimmie Dodd and was published by Hal Leonard Corporation, July 1, 1955. Dodd, who was a guitarist and musician hired by Walt Disney as a songwriter, wrote other songs used over the course of the series, as well, such as the “theme day” songs sung on the show. | In M*A*S*H season 5 (1976–77), Hawkeye Pierce sings the M-O-U-S-E line of the song after Radar O'Reilly spells out a name. The episode was first aired in December 1976, but depicts events in 1952, three years before the song was published.
In Stanley Kubrick's Vietnam War film Full Metal Jacket (1987), American Marines sing the song to ironic effect at the film's end, as they march out of the city at the Battle of Huế. | [] | [
"In popular culture"
] | [
"Disney songs",
"1955 songs",
"Animated series theme songs",
"Children's television theme songs",
"Comedy television theme songs",
"The Mickey Mouse Club",
"Songs about mice and rats",
"Songs about fictional male characters"
] |
projected-20463757-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%20Mouse%20March | Mickey Mouse March | Parodies | "(The) Mickey Mouse March" is the opening theme for The Mickey Mouse Club television show, which aired in the United States from October 1955 to 1959, on the ABC television network. (The first two lines are: Who’s the leader of the club that’s made for you and me? M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E!) The song is reprised with the slower "it's time to say goodbye" verse, at the end of each episode. In the show's opening, the song is partially performed by the characters Dumbo and Jiminy Cricket. It also ended with Donald Duck attempting to hit a gong with the "Mickey Mouse Club" title on it, but would end with comic results, such as him getting hit by lightning, or the gong turning out to be a pie, or Donald just hitting a triangle instead.
The song was written by the Mickey Mouse Club host Jimmie Dodd and was published by Hal Leonard Corporation, July 1, 1955. Dodd, who was a guitarist and musician hired by Walt Disney as a songwriter, wrote other songs used over the course of the series, as well, such as the “theme day” songs sung on the show. | The titles for the second series of Alexei Sayle's BBC comedy series, Alexei Sayle's Stuff are a parody of those for The Mickey Mouse Club with the third and fourth lines: Who’s an ugly bastard and as fat as he can be? A-L-E-X-E-I S-A-Y-L-E! | [] | [
"Parodies"
] | [
"Disney songs",
"1955 songs",
"Animated series theme songs",
"Children's television theme songs",
"Comedy television theme songs",
"The Mickey Mouse Club",
"Songs about mice and rats",
"Songs about fictional male characters"
] |
projected-20463757-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey%20Mouse%20March | Mickey Mouse March | References | "(The) Mickey Mouse March" is the opening theme for The Mickey Mouse Club television show, which aired in the United States from October 1955 to 1959, on the ABC television network. (The first two lines are: Who’s the leader of the club that’s made for you and me? M-I-C-K-E-Y M-O-U-S-E!) The song is reprised with the slower "it's time to say goodbye" verse, at the end of each episode. In the show's opening, the song is partially performed by the characters Dumbo and Jiminy Cricket. It also ended with Donald Duck attempting to hit a gong with the "Mickey Mouse Club" title on it, but would end with comic results, such as him getting hit by lightning, or the gong turning out to be a pie, or Donald just hitting a triangle instead.
The song was written by the Mickey Mouse Club host Jimmie Dodd and was published by Hal Leonard Corporation, July 1, 1955. Dodd, who was a guitarist and musician hired by Walt Disney as a songwriter, wrote other songs used over the course of the series, as well, such as the “theme day” songs sung on the show. | Category:Disney songs
Category:1955 songs
Category:Animated series theme songs
Category:Children's television theme songs
Category:Comedy television theme songs
Category:The Mickey Mouse Club
Category:Songs about mice and rats
Category:Songs about fictional male characters | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Disney songs",
"1955 songs",
"Animated series theme songs",
"Children's television theme songs",
"Comedy television theme songs",
"The Mickey Mouse Club",
"Songs about mice and rats",
"Songs about fictional male characters"
] |
projected-20463769-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierza%20Reservoir | Fierza Reservoir | Introduction | The Fierza Reservoir () is a reservoir in Albania and Kosovo. The Drin River and parts of the White Drin and Black Drin also runs through the reservoir. The size of the lake is , of which 2.46 km2 belong to Kosovo. It is 70 km long and has a depth of 128 m. In the Albanian side of the lake there are many canyons and some small islands. The dam is 167m tall. In 2014, the lake was declared a Regional Nature Park by the Kukes County Council.
The reservoir was formed as a result of the construction of the Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station in 1978 by the Albanian government. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lakes of Albania",
"Lakes of Kosovo",
"Albania–Kosovo border",
"Geography of Kukës County",
"Tourist attractions in Kukës County"
] | |
projected-20463769-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierza%20Reservoir | Fierza Reservoir | See also | The Fierza Reservoir () is a reservoir in Albania and Kosovo. The Drin River and parts of the White Drin and Black Drin also runs through the reservoir. The size of the lake is , of which 2.46 km2 belong to Kosovo. It is 70 km long and has a depth of 128 m. In the Albanian side of the lake there are many canyons and some small islands. The dam is 167m tall. In 2014, the lake was declared a Regional Nature Park by the Kukes County Council.
The reservoir was formed as a result of the construction of the Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station in 1978 by the Albanian government. | Lakes of Albania
Geography of Albania
Lakes of Kosovo
Geography of Kosovo | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Lakes of Albania",
"Lakes of Kosovo",
"Albania–Kosovo border",
"Geography of Kukës County",
"Tourist attractions in Kukës County"
] |
projected-20463769-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierza%20Reservoir | Fierza Reservoir | References | The Fierza Reservoir () is a reservoir in Albania and Kosovo. The Drin River and parts of the White Drin and Black Drin also runs through the reservoir. The size of the lake is , of which 2.46 km2 belong to Kosovo. It is 70 km long and has a depth of 128 m. In the Albanian side of the lake there are many canyons and some small islands. The dam is 167m tall. In 2014, the lake was declared a Regional Nature Park by the Kukes County Council.
The reservoir was formed as a result of the construction of the Fierza Hydroelectric Power Station in 1978 by the Albanian government. | Category:Lakes of Albania
Category:Lakes of Kosovo
Category:Albania–Kosovo border
Category:Geography of Kukës County
Category:Tourist attractions in Kukës County | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Lakes of Albania",
"Lakes of Kosovo",
"Albania–Kosovo border",
"Geography of Kukës County",
"Tourist attractions in Kukës County"
] |
projected-20463770-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20Dealing | Double Dealing | Introduction | Double Dealing may refer to:
Double Dealing (1923 film), an American comedy film starring Hoot Gibson
Double Dealing (1932 film), a British film starring Frank Pettingell | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-20463770-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20Dealing | Double Dealing | See also | Double Dealing may refer to:
Double Dealing (1923 film), an American comedy film starring Hoot Gibson
Double Dealing (1932 film), a British film starring Frank Pettingell | Double Deal (disambiguation)
Cheating in poker
Double Dealer (disambiguation) | [] | [
"See also"
] | [] |
projected-20463773-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iberger%20Kugel | Iberger Kugel | Introduction | The Iberger Kugel is a 1,013 metre high mountain in the Allgäu, located seven kilometers southeast of Isny im Allgäu.
A transmitter on top of the mountain transmits the radio stations Radio 7 on FM 105.0 and Radio Seefunk on FM 103.9. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Mountains of the Alps",
"Mountains and hills of Baden-Württemberg"
] | |
projected-44496550-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Marathi%20films%20of%202015 | List of Marathi films of 2015 | Introduction | This is a list of Marathi films that have been released or have been scheduled for release 2015. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lists of 2015 films by country or language",
"2015 in Indian cinema",
"Lists of Marathi films by year",
"2010s Marathi-language films"
] | |
projected-17327234-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Introduction | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] | |
projected-17327234-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | From 1961 to 1985 | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | Although the lighting rental market grew throughout the 1960s, largely due to the impact of commercial television, the market was dominated by a single manufacturer of lighting equipment, Mole-Richardson (England) Ltd, which was also the largest rental house.
Lee Electric was founded as SunBurst Lighting by electrical engineer Bill Burst in 1961. In 1967 Lee Electric started to purchase lighting equipment from the Italian manufacturer, Ianiro, which was itself attempting to establish a foothold in the international market. In addition, Lee Filters was formed to design, market and, from 1974, to manufacture lighting filters.
Also in 1967, BBC2 began to transmit in colour, with BBC1 and ITV following in 1969. The introduction of colour broadcasts entailed a substantial increase in the amount of lighting needed in studios as well as on location. With a major increase in the amount of equipment available to it as a result of purchasing Ianiro equipment, Lee Electric was able to tender for and to win a five-year contract with the BBC for the supply of lighting equipment for U.K. television outside broadcasts. The contract, which was retained by Lee Electric for many more years necessitated further substantial investment in equipment and established Lee Electric's leading reputation and position in the lighting rental market. The contract was gained from Mole Richardson (England) Ltd, which was ultimately acquired by Lee Electric in 1975, and subsequently extended to 1990.
In 1968, Lee Electric purchased a site in North Kensington, which was converted to provide premises for the lighting equipment rental business and a three-stage film studio. Lee Electric was able to compete with the major U.K. studios because it offered its stages on a 'four wall' basis, that is without the requirement to use the studio's labour and equipment. Significant feature films made at the Kensington studios included A Touch of Class (1973) and The Who rock opera, Tommy (1975). In the same year Lee Electric acquired Telefilm Lighting Services Ltd, a competitor, thereby further increasing the quantity of equipment that Lee Electric could provide and expanding its range of marketing contracts.
To enhance the services offered to the television companies, Lee Scaffolding Ltd was formed in 1969 to hire scaffolding for rigging lighting equipment for television outside broadcasts. Stagemate Ltd was also established to provide scaffolding to film production companies.
Lee Electric (Northern) Ltd was formed in 1972, primarily to service the lighting requirements of the BBC in the North of U.K. It then became a major rental house in its own right.
In 1974, Lee Enterprises Ltd was formed to act as a bulk buyer of consumable items, principally for the rest of the Lee Group but also as a wholesaler to third parties. In 1975 Joe Dunton Cameras Ltd was formed to provide a camera rental service to the film industry.
In 1977, Lee Electric moved to Lee International Film Studios, Wembley (later known as Fountain Studios). Over the two year following the studios acquisition, Lee Electric completely refurbished and refitted these studios for film and television productions and commercials.
By 1979, Lee Electric had established working relationships with a number of U.S. film production companies whose lighting requirements outside of the U.S.A were serviced by Lee Electric and who used Wembley Studios. In that year Lee Electric took the strategic step of opening a lighting rental house in New York City. The establishment of Lee Lighting America was coupled with the acquisition of Belden, a New York-based distributor and selling agent for film and television equipment, which had been the exclusive U.S. distributor for Lee Filters since 1976. In January, 1986 a second rental house was opened in Los Angeles. In August 1984, Lee Electric acquired the Shepperton Film Studios complex.
In October 1984, a new holding Company, Media Technology International PLC, was formed to acquire Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras and admission was obtained to the Unlisted Securities Market on the London Stock Exchange. At that time, Lee Electric and John and Benny Lee owned in aggregate 59.3 per cent. of MTI's issued share capital. It was considered that the allied but self-contained activities of Lee Filters and Joe Dunton Cameras could be more successfully developed under its own management and with direct access to the capital markets. In June, 1984, Joe Dunton Cameras had established a subsidiary in the U.S.A.
In June 1985, Lee Electric acquired Colortran, a U.S. manufacturer of lighting products, with a U.K. branch in Norfolk. Its products included advanced computerised dimming control systems and specialist lights for theatres and architectural applications. Through this acquisition the Lee Group secured an international network of distributors and agents.
In November 1985, MTI acquired Mitchell Camera Corporation, which was based in Los Angeles and was one of the oldest manufacturers of film cameras. The acquisition reduced the Lee Group's interest in MTI to 53.9%, which was further reduced to 29.9 per cent. As part of the reorganisation that took place prior to the Offer for Sale.
Lee International was formed in May 1985, and is now the holding company for the Lee Group.
In November 1985, Lee International made a recommended cash offer for a listed company, Humphries Holdings PLC, which rents lighting equipment in Europe, manufactures low voltage lighting, operates music recording studios and duplicated video tapes. The offer was declared unconditional on 5 December 1985 at which date it had been accepted in respect of shares representing 94.2% of the issued share capital. | [] | [
"From 1961 to 1985"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327234-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Financials | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | 1981-1987 Geographical Analysis
1985 profit include £450,000 exceptional item largely due from an insurance claim for rental assets destroyed in a fire at Pinewood Studios, over their book value.
1981-1985 Class of Business Analysis
1986-1987 Class of Business Analysis
Associated company figures are for Lee's investment income from Media Technology International PLC | [] | [
"Financials"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327234-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Acquisition of Colortran | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | In June 1985 Lee announced that it had completed the takeover of Colortran, a film and television lighting equipment manufacturer with operations in Burbank California USA and Thetford England. In a deal reported to be worth around £3.7 million, Lee paid £850,000 in cash and the rest was to service Colortran's existing debt finance. Lee bought 85 per cent. of Colortran whilst Ken Boyda Colortran's UK chief executive retained a 15 per cent. stake, Lee later acquired this outstanding 15 per cent. in December 1985 in exchange for shares.
In contracts dated 16 May 1985, Lee acquired 85% of the issued share capital of Colortran Holdings Inc from its US parent company Forward Technology Industries Inc. for cash sums of $601,800 and £345,950. Lee also contracted through Colortran to buy of land with office and factory buildings at Thetford Norfolk England for £460,000 cash.
The manufacturing business was renamed Lee Colortran and saw the factory at Thetford refurbished whilst Lee International's site at Kearsley, Bolton became the northern England manufacturing base for Lee Colortran where a factory also undertook research and development of new electronic lighting control equipment. In North America was leased for office space, factory and warehousing, split between two sites in Burbank California. | [] | [
"Acquisition of Colortran"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327234-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Acquisition of Humphries Holdings PLC | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | Lee announced in October 1985 that it had agreed a cash offer to acquire rental and services group Humphries Holdings PLC, valuing it at £2.5 million. The offer of 33.5 pence per ordinary share was accepted by majority shareholder BET plc, holding 75% of Humphries issued share capital. Lee's offer was a 20 per cent premium over Humphries recent mid market share price of 28 pence. Humphries made an attributable loss of £2.46 million to the year ending March 1985 on turnover of £14.22 million.
Operating under the Mole-Richardson name Humphries ran two European film and television lighting rental houses located in France and Spain. The French subsidiary also manufactured low voltage lighting for architectural and display purposes, many of its low voltage lights being installed in shops; hotels; banks and numerous other buildings. Mole-Richardson had a showroom in Whitfield Street London selling their low voltage lights. Humphries had recently closed and sold off its film laboratory interests however it retained a video duplication operation based in London. Humphries also ran CTS Recording Studios a sound and music recording studio based in Wembley.
Two consequences of the Humphries takeover were firstly to delay the imminent public flotation of Lee International PLC, allowing Lee time to prepare and publish its offer document to include the Humphries acquisition figures. Secondly the acquisition of Humphries brought about a significant change in the makeup of the Lee International board of directors, bringing in John Davey and Colin Wills in the non-executive positions of chairman and director respectively. The appointment of these two senior executives to board of Lee, who both had a long track record of working in executive roles for quoted companies, would significantly enhance the Lee boardroom.
Lee's finance director David Mindel was quoted in the 25 October 1985, issue of Broadcast periodical commenting on the acquisition. "We had to choose between buying Humphries Holdings when the opportunity occurred or postponing our flotation plans, really, there was no choice, Humphries is too good an opportunity to pass up. Its figures will be included in Lee results when we go public next spring." | [] | [
"Acquisition of Humphries Holdings PLC"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327234-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Acquisition of Panavision | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | Lee International PLC announced on 3 September 1987 that it had made an offer of $100 million (£61 million) for Panavision, the Hollywood manufacturer and renter of motion picture cameras and lenses.
At that time it was estimated Panavision had a stock of some 700 movie cameras only available for rental from Panavision offices or through agents. Panavision estimated that its cameras were used on 35% of worldwide feature film production. In 1986 it had a turnover of $29.07 million and made a pre–tax profit of $2.5 million.
Simultaneously, Lee's management were organising a buyout of Lee International PLC, worth £198 million to take the company private just 18 months after its £85 million flotation in April 1986, which valued Lee's shares at £1.80.
Lee International's shareholders were offered £3.60 a share in cash or one ordinary share in a new holding company called Westward Communications Ltd for every Lee share held. Lee's shares rose sharply on the news gaining 68p to finish at £3.38 on the day. The Financial Times reported in October 1987, that virtually all the non-management shareholders in Lee International had accepted the cash offer of £3.60 accounting for 32.7 per cent of Lee shares.
Lee International PLC had 55,108,720 ordinary shares in issue as stated in their 1987 Annual Report, of this figure John Lee owned 14,102,892 and his brother Benny slightly more with 14,137,892. Lee's financial director, David J Mindel owned 1,374,797 shares with other senior management holding a total of 824,318 Lee shares. This gave Lee's management control over 30,438,901, just over 55% of the voting shares in the company.
The Westward buy-out was formulated after the London Stock Exchange voiced concern about Panavision's short independent life, having only recently been bought by its management in 1985 from Warner Communications, and its comparable size to Lee International, the purchase of the camera company would represent around 30 per cent of the two names joining forces.
Lee's purchase of Panavision looked thwarted from the very beginning; instigated by the London Stock Exchange, Lee's management were forced into buying back stock that had sold for £1.80 in a stock market flotation in April 1986, only 18 months earlier and it now was faced with the prospect of paying £3.60 for these shares facilitated by the new buy-out vehicle Westward Communications Ltd. Arguments were made that Lee was paying twice over for Panavision. Westward's purchase of both Lee and Panavision would cost a staggering $340 million, this was almost twice the estimated assets of the combined group. Finance for the two deals was provided by Citicorp Industrial Credit and another $10 million from parties connected with Lee's management. Westward intended to seek a US listing for its shares within 18 months of the deal that was struck in September 1987 and a return to the London market would be considered too. It was estimated at the time that Westward would have a market value in the region of £400 million.
Lee was purchasing Panavision from Frederick W "Ted" Field's Interscope Communications Inc. The purchase price of $100 million cash with Lee assuming Panavision's $47 million debt was substantially higher than the $52.5 million Field paid Warner Communications for the company back in 1984.
Lee's takeover of Panavision was hit by two significant events that impacted heavily on their acquisition. Firstly, within eight weeks of the Panavision purchase world stock markets suffered what is now known as Black Monday, where stock markets crashed on 19 October 1987, throughout the world. The following global financial crisis put paid to plans for Westward Communications seeking a public listing on the New York Stock Exchange within 18 months of the deal. Secondly, 1988 saw the Writers Guild of America on strike for close on 22 weeks, from 7 March through 7 August. The strike affected the making of many American television series and to a lesser extent Hollywood movie production. Panavision's revenue experienced a major downturn during this time, a report in the Los Angeles Times in August 1988 estimated Panavision sales had fallen 20% that year primarily due to the five-month writers strike. | [] | [
"Acquisition of Panavision"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327234-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee%20International | Lee International | Financial Crisis | Lee Electric (Lighting) Ltd was incorporated as a business in 1961 by John and Benny Lee, two film lighting electricians. Lee Electric was primarily involved in the rental of lighting equipment for commercial and documentary productions, as all principal film and television studios were at the time equipped with their own lighting equipment. | By early 1988, Lee International, with its heavy debt burden, had hit serious financial difficulties. It was in default on the $340 million loan, having insufficient cash to the meet interest payments. In August, 1988 a spokesman for Citicorp, which led a syndicate of 17 international banks to fund both Lee's purchase of Panavision and buyout vehicle Westward Communications Ltd, announced that the Lee group of companies was indeed in crisis.
Further news emerged around this time that brothers John and Benny Lee, who founded the company in the early 1960s, had resigned as directors of the group's parent company even though they remained majority shareholders.
Within weeks of these developments US based Warburg Pincus Capital LP, a private equity company, was approached by Citicorp to engage in restructuring Lee's debt. Warburg stepped in investing $60 million in a new company Lee Panavision International Inc, which assumed Westward's $340 million debt.
Under the deal, Lee Panavision International would acquire all Lee Group assets except for the UK lighting operation Lee Lighting Ltd. However, Lee Panavision International had an option to purchase Lee Lighting exercisable at any time until 17 December 1990, furthermore Lee Panavision entered into a management agreement of Lee Lighting.
In December 1988, Warburg Pincus appointed William C Scott as chairman, president and CEO of Lee Panavision International Inc. Scott finally succeeded in taking the Panavision Inc. public in 1996 and remained with Lee Panavision until his resignation in January 1999.
Category:Companies based in the London Borough of Brent
Category:Business services companies established in 1961 | [] | [
"Financial Crisis"
] | [
"Companies based in the London Borough of Brent",
"Business services companies established in 1961"
] |
projected-17327236-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secnidazole | Secnidazole | Introduction | Secnidazole (trade names Flagentyl, Sindose, Secnil, Solosec) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. Effectiveness in the treatment of dientamoebiasis has been reported. It has also been tested against Atopobium vaginae.
In the United States, secnidazole is approved for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis in adult women. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Nitroimidazole antibiotics",
"Antiprotozoal agents"
] | |
projected-17327236-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secnidazole | Secnidazole | Further reading | Secnidazole (trade names Flagentyl, Sindose, Secnil, Solosec) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective. Effectiveness in the treatment of dientamoebiasis has been reported. It has also been tested against Atopobium vaginae.
In the United States, secnidazole is approved for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis in adult women. | Category:Nitroimidazole antibiotics
Category:Antiprotozoal agents | [] | [
"Further reading"
] | [
"Nitroimidazole antibiotics",
"Antiprotozoal agents"
] |
projected-44496559-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbhajan%20Singh%20%28mountaineer%29 | Harbhajan Singh (mountaineer) | Introduction | Harbhajan Singh is an Indian mountaineer, known for his successful mountaineering expeditions of Mount Everest, Mount Nanda Devi and many other peaks in the Himalayan region. The Government of India honored him in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports",
"Indian mountain climbers",
"Mountain climbers from Punjab, India",
"Recipients of the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award"
] | |
projected-44496559-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbhajan%20Singh%20%28mountaineer%29 | Harbhajan Singh (mountaineer) | Biography | Harbhajan Singh is an Indian mountaineer, known for his successful mountaineering expeditions of Mount Everest, Mount Nanda Devi and many other peaks in the Himalayan region. The Government of India honored him in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri. | Harbhajan Singh was born in a very small village named Dholowal of District Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India on the 10th of September 1956. As a child, he was known for his athleticism. He won several medals in various sports at the state level in the under 18 years old age group. He was considered the best athlete at Khalsa College Garhdiwala. When he was completing his post Graduation from Government college Hoshiarpur he learned judo and as it was a new sport in Punjab, he excelled and won medals in various state level competitions. He represented Punjab in Judo and won Gold medal in National judo championship held at Indore ( MP) in 1979. In addition to participating in sports he used to take active part in various other activities at the college. He remained NCC cadet and is “C” certificate holder, he was NSS volunteer and took part in various camps for social service activities, he remained editor of college magazine for punjabi section and an active member of student central association of the college . His career began in 1980 when he joined Indo-Tibetan Border Police as a gazetted officer through a national level competitive exam and is currently the incumbent Inspector General of ITBP.
Singh is credited with three Mt. Everest expeditions and his performance remained remarkable for the significant successful attempts. Since then, he has to his credit successful expeditions to Mt.Nanda Devi, the third highest peak in India, and many others such as Mount Abhigamin, Mt. Kamet & Mt.Abhigamin, Mount Mana, Mt. Stopanth, Mount Nunkun, Mt.White Needle (twice), Mount Pinnacle, Mount Pyramid, Mt. North Pyramid, Mt. Sphinx, Mt. Panchachuli, Mount Stok Kangri (twice in winters) Mount Kasket and four un-named peaks(03 in Leh-Ladakh and 01 in H.P) He also has led a team of skiers who skied down after climbing Mt. Abhigamin in 2007 and later on ski down from the 3rd camp (Ht.approximately 23000 ft.) of Mount Everest in 2009. | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports",
"Indian mountain climbers",
"Mountain climbers from Punjab, India",
"Recipients of the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award"
] |
projected-44496559-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbhajan%20Singh%20%28mountaineer%29 | Harbhajan Singh (mountaineer) | Awards and recognitions | Harbhajan Singh is an Indian mountaineer, known for his successful mountaineering expeditions of Mount Everest, Mount Nanda Devi and many other peaks in the Himalayan region. The Government of India honored him in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri. | Harbhajan Singh is a recipient of various following Awards and recognitions conferred by the Government of India and Government of Punjab for his spectacular and significant achievements in the field of Mountaineering and adventure sports and outstanding and meaningful performance as an officer of elite ITBPOLICE Force :-
a) Padmashri Award in 2011.
b) Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award in 2016.
c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh Award (highest sports Award of Punjab) in 2019.
d) IMF Nain singh & Kishan singh life time achievement award in 2011.
e) President’s Police Medal for Distinguished services in 2011.
f) President’s Police medal for Meritorious services in 2005.
g) DG ITBPOLICE Insignia & Commendation roll -13 times.
Indian Mountaineering Foundation has also extended life membership to him for his significant contributions in the field of mountaineering and promoting adventure activities at International and National level
.
His name also figure in “Limca book of records and quiz competition books prepared for competitive exam” for his matchless and spectacular contribution in the field of mountaineering and promoting adventure activities at International and National level. | [] | [
"Awards and recognitions"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports",
"Indian mountain climbers",
"Mountain climbers from Punjab, India",
"Recipients of the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award"
] |
projected-44496559-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbhajan%20Singh%20%28mountaineer%29 | Harbhajan Singh (mountaineer) | See also | Harbhajan Singh is an Indian mountaineer, known for his successful mountaineering expeditions of Mount Everest, Mount Nanda Devi and many other peaks in the Himalayan region. The Government of India honored him in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri. | Adventure sports
Limca Book of World Records | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"1956 births",
"Living people",
"Recipients of the Padma Shri in sports",
"Indian mountain climbers",
"Mountain climbers from Punjab, India",
"Recipients of the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award"
] |
projected-44496565-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | Introduction | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... | |
projected-44496565-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | Martial arts career | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | Haigh made her kickboxing debut in 2007, against Sheree Halliday, during Woking Fight Night 4. She lost a decision.
In 2009, Haigh was given the opportunity to fight for the World Professional Muaythai Federation Lightweight title, against Chantal Ughi. She won by way of TKO. Haigh fought Chantal Ughi for the World Professional Muaythai Federation Super Lightweight title in the same year, winning a decision.
Haigh defended her WPMF title in 2010, when she faced Stephanie Ielö Page, and won a unanimous decision.
Claire Haigh next fought Lanzi Estella for the KSFL World title. She would win a unanimous decision.
During Penzance Fight Night 2010: Fast And Furious, Haigh faced Julie Kitchen for the IKF World title. She lost a close split decision.
Haigh's next fight was likewise a title fight. She fought Miriam Nakamoto for the WBC Muaythai Lightweight title. Nakamoto won the bout by knockout.
Claire Haigh would then go on a six fight winning streak before challenging Angélique Pitiot for the ISKA World Lightweight title. During this winning streak, she defended her lightweight title twice, against Kwanta Soonkeeranakornsree, and against Nilawan Techasuep. Pitiot won by knockout.
She fought and defeated Nong Nan Jor Nguan in 2012 for the WMC World Lightweight title in 2012. | [] | [
"Martial arts career"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... |
projected-44496565-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | Championships and accomplishments | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | World Professional Muaythai Federation
WPMF World Lightweight Championship (135 lbs)
Two successful title defenses
WPMF World Super Lightweight Championship (140 lbs)
WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Championship (140 lbs)
World Muaythai Council
WMC World Lightweight Championship (135 lbs) | [] | [
"Championships and accomplishments"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... |
projected-44496565-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | Kickboxing record | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | | Legend: | [] | [
"Kickboxing record"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... |
projected-44496565-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | Mixed martial arts record | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | | | [] | [
"Mixed martial arts record"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... |
projected-44496565-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claire%20Haigh | Claire Haigh | References | Claire Haigh (born 16 September 1980) is a Luxembourgish female kickboxer and mixed martial artist.
She is the former WPMF Lightweight and Super Lightweight champion, as well as the WPMF World Pro League Super Lightweight Champion. She is also the former WMC Lightweight champion. She is a two time ISKA Lightweight World title challenger. | Category:1980 births
Category:People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve
Category:Luxembourgian female kickboxers
Category:Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists
Category:Living people
Category:Bantamweight mixed martial artists
Category:Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing
Category:Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai
Category:Lightweight kickboxers
Category:Luxembourgian Muay Thai practitioners
Category:Female Muay Thai practitioners | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1980 births",
"People from Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve",
"Luxembourgian female kickboxers",
"Luxembourgian female mixed martial artists",
"Living people",
"Bantamweight mixed martial artists",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing boxing",
"Mixed martial artists utilizing Muay Thai",
"Lightweight kickbox... |
projected-17327260-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Introduction | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] | |
projected-17327260-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Changes from 2007–08 | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | Starting with the 2008–09 season, only two teams are promoted automatically. Two-leg relegation playoffs between the third last team of the Bundesliga and the third team of the 2. Bundesliga at the end of the regular season will be reintroduced.
Likewise, instead of formerly four teams only the two bottom teams are relegated to the new 3. Liga automatically. The third last team plays a two-leg playoff against the third team of the third tier over the remaining place in the 2. Bundesliga. | [] | [
"Changes from 2007–08"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327260-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Movement between Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | Borussia Mönchengladbach, TSG 1899 Hoffenheim and 1. FC Köln were promoted to Bundesliga after finishing 1st through third in 2. Bundesliga in 2007–08. They were replaced by 1. FC Nürnberg, Hansa Rostock and MSV Duisburg, which were relegated at the end of the 2007–08 Bundesliga season. | [] | [
"Teams",
"Movement between Bundesliga and 2. Bundesliga"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327260-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Movement between 2. Bundesliga and third-level divisions | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | Kickers Offenbach, Erzgebirge Aue, FC Carl Zeiss Jena and SC Paderborn 07 were relegated to the newly formed 3. Liga following the 2007–08 season due to finishing 15th through 18th. They were replaced by the champions and runners-up of both divisions of the 2007–08 Regionalliga. Rot Weiss Ahlen and Rot-Weiss Oberhausen earned promotion in the Regionalliga Nord while FSV Frankfurt and FC Ingolstadt 04 were promoted from the Regionalliga Süd. | [] | [
"Teams",
"Movement between 2. Bundesliga and third-level divisions"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327260-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Relegation play-offs | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | VfL Osnabrück as 16th-placed team had to face third-placed 3. Liga team SC Paderborn 07 for a two-legged playoff. Paderborn won both matches on an aggregated score of 2–0 and thus secured promotion to 2. Bundesliga 2009–10, while Osnabrück were relegated to 3. Liga 2009–10. | [] | [
"Relegation play-offs"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327260-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%9309%202.%20Bundesliga | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga | Top goalscorers | The 2008–09 2. Bundesliga was the 35th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 15 August 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009.
SC Freiburg were the first team to win promotion to Bundesliga 2009–10 after securing the 2. Bundesliga championship on 10 May 2009. 1. FSV Mainz 05 were also directly promoted as runners-up after a 4–0 home victory over Rot-Weiß Oberhausen. 1. FC Nürnberg defeated Bundesliga sides Energie Cottbus in a two-legged playoff for one spot in 2009–10 Bundesliga and thus earned promotion as well. | 16 goals
Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen)
Cédric Makiadi (MSV Duisburg)
Marek Mintál (1. FC Nürnberg)
15 goals
Sami Allagui (SpVgg Greuther Fürth)
Benjamin Lauth (1860 Munich)
14 goals
Aristide Bancé (1. FSV Mainz 05)
Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern)
Dorge Kouemaha (MSV Duisburg)
Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg)
13 goals
Mohammadou Idrissou (SC Freiburg)
Lars Toborg (Rot Weiss Ahlen)
Source:www.kicker.de | [] | [
"Top goalscorers"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2008–09 in German football leagues",
"2008–09 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-44496567-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansor%20Abd%20Rahman | Mansor Abd Rahman | Introduction | Dr. Mansor bin Abd Rahman is a Malaysian politician. He was the former Member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the seat of Sik, Kedah, representing the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Malaysia's previous governing Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.
A medical doctor by profession, Mansor entered Parliament at the 2013 election. At the time of his election he was the deputy chief of UMNO's Sik division. He defeated the incumbent Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) MP, Che Uda Che Nik.
In the 2018 election, Mansor lost to Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman of PAS, in a three-corner fight with Azli Che Uda of Parti Amanah Negara (AMANAH) for the Sik parliamentary seat. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Year of birth missing (living people)",
"Living people",
"People from Kedah",
"Malaysian people of Malay descent",
"Malaysian Muslims",
"Malaysian medical doctors",
"United Malays National Organisation politicians",
"Members of the Dewan Rakyat",
"21st-century Malaysian politicians"
] | |
projected-44496567-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansor%20Abd%20Rahman | Mansor Abd Rahman | References | Dr. Mansor bin Abd Rahman is a Malaysian politician. He was the former Member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the seat of Sik, Kedah, representing the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Malaysia's previous governing Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.
A medical doctor by profession, Mansor entered Parliament at the 2013 election. At the time of his election he was the deputy chief of UMNO's Sik division. He defeated the incumbent Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) MP, Che Uda Che Nik.
In the 2018 election, Mansor lost to Ahmad Tarmizi Sulaiman of PAS, in a three-corner fight with Azli Che Uda of Parti Amanah Negara (AMANAH) for the Sik parliamentary seat. | Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:People from Kedah
Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent
Category:Malaysian Muslims
Category:Malaysian medical doctors
Category:United Malays National Organisation politicians
Category:Members of the Dewan Rakyat
Category:21st-century Malaysian politicians | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Year of birth missing (living people)",
"Living people",
"People from Kedah",
"Malaysian people of Malay descent",
"Malaysian Muslims",
"Malaysian medical doctors",
"United Malays National Organisation politicians",
"Members of the Dewan Rakyat",
"21st-century Malaysian politicians"
] |
projected-44496570-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo%20de%20Vico | Domingo de Vico | Introduction | Domingo de Vico was a Spanish Dominican friar during the Spanish conquest of Chiapas and the conquest of Guatemala in the 16th century. He was originally from Jaén. Chronicler Antonio de Remesal recorded that de Vico studied theology in Úbeda and finished his studies in the San Esteban convent in Salamanca.
Domingo de Vico set out from Spain on 9 July 1544 with a group led by Bartolomé de las Casas in an effort to enforce the New Laws that had been issued in 1542 to protect the indigenous inhabitants of the Spanish colonies from overexploitation by the encomenderos. De Vico was the prior of Cobán from 1554 until his death in 1555. He was charged with the evangelisation of the Lakandon and Acala Ch'ol in the unconquered area that was then referred to by the Spanish as the Tierra de Guerra ("Land of War"), and also as Verapaz. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"16th-century Spanish people",
"Spanish Dominicans",
"1555 deaths",
"16th-century Roman Catholic martyrs",
"16th-century Spanish writers",
"16th-century male writers",
"16th-century Mesoamericanists",
"Roman Catholic writers",
"Spanish Mesoamericanists",
"People from Jaén, Spain",
"16th century ... | |
projected-44496570-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo%20de%20Vico | Domingo de Vico | Works | Domingo de Vico was a Spanish Dominican friar during the Spanish conquest of Chiapas and the conquest of Guatemala in the 16th century. He was originally from Jaén. Chronicler Antonio de Remesal recorded that de Vico studied theology in Úbeda and finished his studies in the San Esteban convent in Salamanca.
Domingo de Vico set out from Spain on 9 July 1544 with a group led by Bartolomé de las Casas in an effort to enforce the New Laws that had been issued in 1542 to protect the indigenous inhabitants of the Spanish colonies from overexploitation by the encomenderos. De Vico was the prior of Cobán from 1554 until his death in 1555. He was charged with the evangelisation of the Lakandon and Acala Ch'ol in the unconquered area that was then referred to by the Spanish as the Tierra de Guerra ("Land of War"), and also as Verapaz. | In 1544, Francisco Marroquín, bishop of Guatemala, charged Domingo de Vico with producing a treatise upon Indian idolatry. The work contained instructions to Dominicans upon how to use indigenous beliefs in their sermons in Chiapas and Guatemala. It was entitled Tratado de ídolos ("Treatment of Idols"). His best known written work is his Theologia Indorum, of which eleven copies survive, divided between the Bibliothèque nationale in Paris (5 copies) and the Firestone Library of Princeton University, New Jersey (6 copies). Among the copies in France are translations made in the Tzutuhil, K'iche' and Kaqchikel languages. During his short time in Guatemala before his death, he is believed to have compiled the Vocabulario de la lengua cakchiquel ("Vocabulary of the Kaqchikel language"). De Vico learnt the Ch’ol language and was able to preach to the Lakandon and Acala in their own language.
De Vico wrote some religious poems in Kaqchikel upon the Acts of the Apostles and the Passion of Christ. A work entitled Los Proverbios de Salomón, las Epístolas y los Evangelios de todo el año, en lengua mexicana ("The Proverbs of Solomon, the Epistles and Gospels for the whole year, in the Mexican tongue") was prevented from being published by the Spanish Inquisition. | [] | [
"Works"
] | [
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"Spanish Dominicans",
"1555 deaths",
"16th-century Roman Catholic martyrs",
"16th-century Spanish writers",
"16th-century male writers",
"16th-century Mesoamericanists",
"Roman Catholic writers",
"Spanish Mesoamericanists",
"People from Jaén, Spain",
"16th century ... |
projected-44496570-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo%20de%20Vico | Domingo de Vico | Death | Domingo de Vico was a Spanish Dominican friar during the Spanish conquest of Chiapas and the conquest of Guatemala in the 16th century. He was originally from Jaén. Chronicler Antonio de Remesal recorded that de Vico studied theology in Úbeda and finished his studies in the San Esteban convent in Salamanca.
Domingo de Vico set out from Spain on 9 July 1544 with a group led by Bartolomé de las Casas in an effort to enforce the New Laws that had been issued in 1542 to protect the indigenous inhabitants of the Spanish colonies from overexploitation by the encomenderos. De Vico was the prior of Cobán from 1554 until his death in 1555. He was charged with the evangelisation of the Lakandon and Acala Ch'ol in the unconquered area that was then referred to by the Spanish as the Tierra de Guerra ("Land of War"), and also as Verapaz. | In 1555, Domingo de Vico and his companion Andrés López were killed by the Acala and their Lakandon allies. De Vico, who had established a small missionary church in San Marcos (in what is now Alta Verapaz, Guatemala), had offended the local Maya ruler by repeatedly scolding him for taking several wives. The indigenous leader shot the friar through the throat with an arrow; the angry natives then sacrificed him by cutting open his chest and extracting his heart. His corpse was then decapitated; the natives carried off his head as a trophy, which was never recovered by the Spanish. In retaliation, the Spanish rounded up 260 Ch'ol in 1559, hanged 80 and branded the rest as slaves. | [] | [
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"16th-century Spanish people",
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"16th-century Roman Catholic martyrs",
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"People from Jaén, Spain",
"16th century ... |
projected-44496584-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accursio%20Bentivegna | Accursio Bentivegna | Introduction | Accursio Bentivegna (born 21 June 1996) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Juve Stabia. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"People from Sciacca",
"Sportspeople from the Province of Agrigento",
"Footballers from Sicily",
"Italian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Palermo F.C. players",
"Como 1907 players",
"Ascoli Calcio 1898 F.C. players",
"Carrarese Calcio players",
"... | |
projected-44496584-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accursio%20Bentivegna | Accursio Bentivegna | Club career | Accursio Bentivegna (born 21 June 1996) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Juve Stabia. | Born in Sciacca, Province of Agrigento, Sicily, Bentivegna started his career at Palermo, playing for their Primavera side. He made his Serie A debut for Palermo against Sampdoria as a substitute replacing Franco Vázquez. On 31 August 2014, he moved to Como on loan. He scored his first goal for Como on 27 October 2015, in a 3−1 defeat against Cesena. After scarcely playing for Palermo's first team, he was loaned out to Serie B club Ascoli in January 2017.
On 18 September 2020, he joined Juve Stabia. On 7 January 2021, he was loaned to Imolese. | [] | [
"Club career"
] | [
"1996 births",
"Living people",
"People from Sciacca",
"Sportspeople from the Province of Agrigento",
"Footballers from Sicily",
"Italian footballers",
"Association football forwards",
"Palermo F.C. players",
"Como 1907 players",
"Ascoli Calcio 1898 F.C. players",
"Carrarese Calcio players",
"... |
projected-17327264-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga | 2009–10 2. Bundesliga | Introduction | The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2009–10 in German football leagues",
"2009–10 in European second tier association football leagues"
] | |
projected-17327264-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga | 2009–10 2. Bundesliga | Teams | The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. | 2008–09 2. Bundesliga champions SC Freiburg and runners-up 1. FSV Mainz 05 were promoted to the 2009–10 Bundesliga. They were replaced by Karlsruher SC and Arminia Bielefeld, who finished 17th and 18th respectively in the 2008–09 Bundesliga season.
FC Ingolstadt 04 and SV Wehen-Wiesbaden were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga following the 2008–09 season. They were replaced by 2008–09 3. Liga champions 1. FC Union Berlin and runners-up Fortuna Düsseldorf.
Two further spots were available through relegation/promotion play-offs. 1. FC Nürnberg gained promotion to the Bundesliga by beating Bundesliga side FC Energie Cottbus 5–0 on aggregate in the Bundesliga play-off, sending the team from the Eastern part of Germany to the second tier of German football. At the bottom end of the table, VfL Osnabrück lost both of their play-off matches against 3. Liga side SC Paderborn 07 and thus were relegated to the 2009–10 3. Liga. | [] | [
"Teams"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2009–10 in German football leagues",
"2009–10 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327264-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga | 2009–10 2. Bundesliga | Stadiums and locations | The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. | Several teams moved to different grounds for the 2009–10 season; Alemannia Aachen and Augsburg were relocating to new stadia, replacing their old structures, while FSV Frankfurt and Union Berlin returned to their original home grounds which had undergone renovation. | [] | [
"Teams",
"Stadiums and locations"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2009–10 in German football leagues",
"2009–10 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-17327264-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310%202.%20Bundesliga | 2009–10 2. Bundesliga | Relegation play-offs | The 2009–10 2. Bundesliga was the 36th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of Germany's football league. The season began on 7 August 2009 and ended on 9 May 2010. A winter break was held between 21 December 2009 and 14 January 2010, though the period has been reduced from six to three weeks. | The 16th-placed Hansa Rostock faced the third-placed 3. Liga team FC Ingolstadt for a two-legged play-off. FC Ingolstadt, as the winner on aggregated score after both matches earned a spot in the 2010–11 2. Bundesliga. The matches took place on 14 and 17 May, with the 3. Liga club playing at home first.
Hansa Rostock was relegated to 3. Liga and Ingolstadt was promoted to 2. Bundesliga for the 2010–11 season.
Statistics
Top goalscorersSource: kicker magazine23 goals
Michael Thurk (FC Augsburg)20 goals
Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli)15 goals
Erik Jendrišek (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Christopher Nöthe (Greuther Fürth) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)14 goals
Benjamin Auer (Alemannia Aachen)13 goals
Martin Harnik (Fortuna Düsseldorf)12 goals
Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus)Top assistantsSource: kicker magazine12 assists
Giovanni Federico (Arminia Bielefeld) Emil Jula (Energie Cottbus) Christian Tiffert (MSV Duisburg)11 assists
Alexander Bugera (1. FC Kaiserslautern) Ibrahima Traoré (FC Augsburg)10 assists
Marco Christ (Fortuna Düsseldorf) Deniz Naki (FC St. Pauli)9 assists
Sami Allagui (Greuther Fürth) Marius Ebbers (FC St. Pauli) Jürgen Gjasula (FSV Frankfurt) Marcel Ndjeng (FC Augsburg) Mahir Sağlık (SC Paderborn)'' | [] | [
"Relegation play-offs"
] | [
"2. Bundesliga seasons",
"2009–10 in German football leagues",
"2009–10 in European second tier association football leagues"
] |
projected-44496591-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divan%20Japonais%20%28lithograph%29 | Divan Japonais (lithograph) | Introduction | Divan Japonais is a lithograph poster by French artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. It was created to advertise a café-chantant that was at the time known as Divan Japonais. The poster depicts three persons from the Montmartre of Toulouse-Lautrec's time. Dancer Jane Avril is in the audience. Beside her is writer Édouard Dujardin. They are watching a performance by Yvette Guilbert. Though her face is not included in the poster, she is recognizable by her tall, thin frame and long black gloves. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Paintings by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec",
"Lithographs"
] | |
projected-44496591-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divan%20Japonais%20%28lithograph%29 | Divan Japonais (lithograph) | References | Divan Japonais is a lithograph poster by French artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. It was created to advertise a café-chantant that was at the time known as Divan Japonais. The poster depicts three persons from the Montmartre of Toulouse-Lautrec's time. Dancer Jane Avril is in the audience. Beside her is writer Édouard Dujardin. They are watching a performance by Yvette Guilbert. Though her face is not included in the poster, she is recognizable by her tall, thin frame and long black gloves. | Category:Paintings by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Category:Lithographs | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Paintings by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec",
"Lithographs"
] |
projected-17327291-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conanicut%20Island%20Light | Conanicut Island Light | Introduction | Conanicut Island Light (also known as Conanicut Island Lighthouse), built in 1886, is an inactive lighthouse in Jamestown, Rhode Island.
The light was built primarily to assist the ferry between Jamestown and Newport, Rhode Island. The lighthouse lies on the northern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown. The light was deactivated in 1933 and its lantern was removed. In 1934 it was sold as government surplus and is now a private residence. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was featured in Wes Anderson's 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Lighthouses completed in 1886",
"Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island",
"Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island"
] | |
projected-17327291-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conanicut%20Island%20Light | Conanicut Island Light | See also | Conanicut Island Light (also known as Conanicut Island Lighthouse), built in 1886, is an inactive lighthouse in Jamestown, Rhode Island.
The light was built primarily to assist the ferry between Jamestown and Newport, Rhode Island. The lighthouse lies on the northern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown. The light was deactivated in 1933 and its lantern was removed. In 1934 it was sold as government surplus and is now a private residence. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was featured in Wes Anderson's 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom. | National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Lighthouses completed in 1886",
"Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island",
"Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island"
] |
projected-17327291-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conanicut%20Island%20Light | Conanicut Island Light | References | Conanicut Island Light (also known as Conanicut Island Lighthouse), built in 1886, is an inactive lighthouse in Jamestown, Rhode Island.
The light was built primarily to assist the ferry between Jamestown and Newport, Rhode Island. The lighthouse lies on the northern tip of Conanicut Island in Jamestown. The light was deactivated in 1933 and its lantern was removed. In 1934 it was sold as government surplus and is now a private residence. The lighthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was featured in Wes Anderson's 2012 film Moonrise Kingdom. | Lighthouse pics and info
America's Atlantic Coast Lighthouses, Kenneth Kochel, Betken Publications; 2nd ed., 1996.
Northeast Lights: Lighthouses and Lightships, Rhode Island to Cape May, New Jersey, Robert Bachand, Sea Sports Publications. 1989.
"Conanicut Lighthouse, RI," George Worthylake, The Keeper's Log, Winter 2004.
Category:Lighthouses completed in 1886
Category:Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Category:Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island
Category:Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Lighthouses completed in 1886",
"Lighthouses on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island",
"Lighthouses in Newport County, Rhode Island",
"Buildings and structures in Jamestown, Rhode Island",
"National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island"
] |
projected-17327326-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badway%20Green | Badway Green | Introduction | Badway Green is a piece of common land in the parish of Church Broughton in Derbyshire, England. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Geography of Derbyshire",
"South Derbyshire District"
] | |
projected-17327326-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badway%20Green | Badway Green | References | Badway Green is a piece of common land in the parish of Church Broughton in Derbyshire, England. | Category:Geography of Derbyshire
Category:South Derbyshire District | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Geography of Derbyshire",
"South Derbyshire District"
] |
projected-44496596-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.C.%20Tira | F.C. Tira | Introduction | F.C. Tira (), Moadon Sport Tira, lit. Tira Sport Club (or in short Mem Samekh Tira, lit. F.C. Tira) is an Israeli football club based in Tira. The club is currently in Liga Alef North division. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Football clubs in Israel",
"Association football clubs established in 2005",
"2005 establishments in Israel",
"Arab-Israeli football clubs"
] | |
projected-44496596-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.C.%20Tira | F.C. Tira | History | F.C. Tira (), Moadon Sport Tira, lit. Tira Sport Club (or in short Mem Samekh Tira, lit. F.C. Tira) is an Israeli football club based in Tira. The club is currently in Liga Alef North division. | The club was founded in 2005, after the previous clubs of the city, Hapoel Tira and Maccabi Bnei Tira, were folded in 2004 and 2005 respectively. Upon its establishment, F.C. Tira received the players of the defunct Maccabi Bnei Tira, which in the previous season, following failed attempt to promote the club, received itself the players of the defunct Hapoel Tira, which folded due to economic and political problems, after playing for only one season in Liga Artzit, the third tier of Israeli football at the time, in 2003–04.
F.C. Tira folded in 2009, following consistent failures to achieve promotion from Liga Gimel to Liga Bet. However, the club was reformed after one season hiatus, and with the help of Abet Titi and Haim Yirmiyahu, won Liga Gimel Sharon division in the 2010–11 season and promoted to Liga Bet.
In the 2012–13 season, the club finished fourth in Liga Bet South A division and qualified for the promotion play-offs, where they lost 1–2 to Hapoel Bik'at HaYarden in the first round. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Football clubs in Israel",
"Association football clubs established in 2005",
"2005 establishments in Israel",
"Arab-Israeli football clubs"
] |
projected-44496596-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.C.%20Tira | F.C. Tira | League | F.C. Tira (), Moadon Sport Tira, lit. Tira Sport Club (or in short Mem Samekh Tira, lit. F.C. Tira) is an Israeli football club based in Tira. The club is currently in Liga Alef North division. | 1Achieved by Hapoel Tira | [] | [
"Honours",
"League"
] | [
"Football clubs in Israel",
"Association football clubs established in 2005",
"2005 establishments in Israel",
"Arab-Israeli football clubs"
] |
projected-44496596-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F.C.%20Tira | F.C. Tira | References | F.C. Tira (), Moadon Sport Tira, lit. Tira Sport Club (or in short Mem Samekh Tira, lit. F.C. Tira) is an Israeli football club based in Tira. The club is currently in Liga Alef North division. | Tira
Category:Association football clubs established in 2005
Category:2005 establishments in Israel
Category:Arab-Israeli football clubs | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Football clubs in Israel",
"Association football clubs established in 2005",
"2005 establishments in Israel",
"Arab-Israeli football clubs"
] |
projected-06899785-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Introduction | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Fictional alcohol abusers",
"Fictional assassins in video games",
"Fictional aviators",
"Fictional bank robbers",
"Fictional pansexuals",
"Fictional businesspeople in video games",
"Fictional Canadian people",
"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... | |
projected-06899785-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Character design | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser explained that Trevor "appeared to pretty much out of nowhere as the embodiment of another side of criminality [...] If Michael was meant to be the idea of some version of criminal control [...] what about the guy who didn't do that?" He later described Trevor as "the person who's driven purely by desire, resentment, no thought for tomorrow whatsoever, completely id rather than ego-driven." He stated that Trevor "kills without remorse, like a true psychopath, but very sentimental for the right reasons when it suits him."
Rockstar drew upon game protagonist archetypes while scripting the characters; Trevor was considered to embody insanity. Houser said the team characterised Michael and Trevor as juxtapositions of each other. He said, "Michael is like the criminal who wants to compartmentalise and be a good guy some of the time and Trevor is the maniac who isn't a hypocrite". He said that having three lead characters would help move the game's plot into more original territory than its predecessors, which traditionally followed a single protagonist rising through the ranks of a criminal underworld. Steven Ogg was cast as Trevor. During the initial audition process, Ogg noticed an on-set chemistry between him and Ned Luke (who portrayed Michael), which he felt helped secure them the roles. Ogg said, "When [Luke] and I went in the room together we immediately had something". While the actors knew their auditions were for Rockstar Games, it was when they signed contracts that they learned they would be involved in a Grand Theft Auto title.
Ogg felt Trevor's characterisation developed over time. He said, "Nuances and character traits that began to appearhis walk, his manner of speech, his reactions, definitely informed his development throughout the game". Ogg cites Tom Hardy's portrayal of English criminal Charles Bronson in the 2008 biopic Bronson as a strong stylistic influence. He opined that while Trevor embodies the violent, psychopathic Grand Theft Auto anti-hero archetype, he wanted to evoke player sympathy to Trevor's story. "To elicit other emotions was tough, and it was the biggest challenge and it's something that meant a lot to me", Ogg explained. The actors began working on the game in 2010. Their performances were mostly recorded using motion capture technology. Dialogue for scenes with characters seated in vehicles was recorded in studios. Because the actors had their dialogue and movements recorded on-set, they considered their performances were no different from those of film or television roles. Their dialogue was scripted so that it did not allow the actors to ad-lib; however they sometimes made small changes to the performance with approval from the directors. | [
"Steven Ogg.png"
] | [
"Character design"
] | [
"Fictional alcohol abusers",
"Fictional assassins in video games",
"Fictional aviators",
"Fictional bank robbers",
"Fictional pansexuals",
"Fictional businesspeople in video games",
"Fictional Canadian people",
"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... |
projected-06899785-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Grand Theft Auto V | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | Trevor was born in Canada, just north of the border of the United States. He grew up with a physically abusive father and an emotionally abusive mother. Trevor loved planes, and at some point entered the military as a pilot, but was quickly forced to leave after being reproved in a psychological evaluation. Later on, Trevor committed crimes, the first one being a small robbery that landed him in jail for six months. Due to good behavior, he was out in four. He would continue his criminal ways, including using his piloting skills to become a smuggler. Trevor met Michael Townley in 1993 and they realised that they wanted to earn money by performing large heists, so they joined forces and became successful in doing so over the following years. Their partnership began to strain after Michael married a stripper named Amanda and started a family with her. Despite this, Trevor grew close to Michael's children, who came to see him as their uncle.
In 2004, during a heist in Ludendorff, North Yankton, Michael and mutual accomplice Brad Snider are shot by police while Trevor escapes. While on the run, Trevor is led to believe that Michael died and Brad was sent to jail. Trevor eventually settles in Sandy Shores, a small town in Blaine County, San Andreas, where he establishes a small criminal enterprise that smuggles weapons and manufactures methamphetamine, which he hopes will grow into a large empire. Due to raging abandonment issues, Trevor surrounds himself with two loyal friends that he kidnapped and brainwashed from their previous lives named "Nervous" Ron Jakowski and Wade Hebert. Trevor enters an uneasy truce with his competitors in Sandy Shores, including the Lost Motorcycle Club led by Johnny Klebitz, the Varrios Los Aztecas gang, and the O'Neil Brothers.
In 2013, Trevor finds out that Michael faked his death, and is so spooked and enraged that he breaks the truce and kills most of his competition in one outburst of violence, a deadly streak that continues when a potential game-changing deal with a group of triads falls through. He later drives to Los Santos, taking over the apartment and ruining the life of Wade's cousin Floyd, and reunites with Michael, who took on the surname "De Santa" and is supposedly living in witness protection. Though Michael is reluctant to have Trevor back in his life again, he eventually introduces him to Franklin Clinton, after which the two perform heists again, this time including Franklin. Trevor is determined to rob anything guarded by Merryweather Security Consulting, a private security firm that he dislikes, but he often fails.
When corrupt Federal Investigation Bureau (FIB) agents Dave Norton and Steve Haines contact Michael after he breaks his agreement with them by committing heists again, they force him to carry out a number of operations alongside Trevor and Franklin to undermine the rival International Affairs Agency (IAA). Steve later introduces the trio to Devin Weston, a billionaire investor who hires them to steal a number of rare cars, but ultimately cheats them out of their money. During this time, Trevor begins to bond with Franklin, as they carry out several jobs together without Michael, some of which involve Franklin's friend Lamar Davis, whom Trevor also befriends. Later, after not getting paid for a job, Trevor kidnaps Patricia, the wife of drug kingpin Martin Madrazo. Due to her kind maternal nature and his own abandonment issues, Trevor falls in love with her and only returns her after much demanding from Michael. However, the two stay in contact until the end of the game.
Trevor eventually discovers that the Ludendorff heist from nine years prior was a set up planned by Michael and Dave, meant to allow the former to retire and escape from Trevor, and that Brad was not arrested, but rather killed and buried in Michael's fake grave. Feeling betrayed, Trevor vows to kill Michael, but later comes to his and Dave's aid when they are betrayed by Steve, because he needs Michael alive for one last heist. When that heist is successful, Trevor is so pleased that he lifts the death vow but still hates Michael. Near the end of the game, Franklin is approached separately by Dave and Steve, who contend that Trevor is a liability, and by Devin, who seeks revenge against Michael for an earlier incident. This leaves Franklin with three choices: kill Trevor, kill Michael, or try to save them both in a suicide mission.
If the first option is chosen, Franklin meets up with Trevor, before chasing him to an oil plant, where Michael arrives and causes Trevor to crash into an oil tank. With Trevor covered in oil, either Franklin or Michael shoot the oil, setting Trevor alight and killing him. After the mission, Trevor's cut of the final heist is equally split between Michael and Franklin, who are both affected by Trevor's death and decide to end their partnership, but remain friends. Ron, Lamar, and Michael's son Jimmy are also upset by Trevor's death: the former threatens Michael for his involvement and tells him that the business he and Trevor had built is over; Lamar asks Franklin if he knows how it happened, and the latter lies that Trevor was killed by government agents; and Jimmy is shocked to learn that Michael was involved, but the latter assures him that Trevor was dangerous.
If the second option is chosen, Franklin calls Trevor to help him kill Michael, but he refuses and cuts his ties with Franklin, saying he is tired of being surrounded by traitors. If Franklin meets with Trevor afterward, the latter accuses him of killing Michael, and warns him to stay away. Trevor is also called by Jimmy, but does not know what to say to comfort him because he was never close to his own father.
If the third option is chosen, Trevor and Michael put their differences aside to help Franklin survive an onslaught by the FIB and Merryweather, before splitting up to eliminate their remaining enemies; Trevor assassinates Steve and kidnaps Devin so that the trio may kill him together. Afterward, Trevor reconciles with Michael and they agree to stop working together, but remain allies. Trevor can continue to hang out with Michael and Franklin, during which he eventually admits that he over-reacted after learning the truth about Brad, and refers to himself and Michael as friends. | [] | [
"Appearances",
"Grand Theft Auto V"
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"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... |
projected-06899785-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Grand Theft Auto Online | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | Trevor is a main character in Grand Theft Auto Online, the online multiplayer mode of Grand Theft Auto V, set several months before the single-player story. He provides missions to the player after they reach Rank 13 and steal Trevor's rolling meth lab during a job. When the player arrives at his trailer, Trevor demands compensation for the stolen meth lab and has them complete several jobs, which generally consist of stealing drugs from rivals, mainly the Lost MC, and killing the dealers. Trevor later plays a major role in the 2015 Heists update, where he masterminds one of the heists featured in the update. This "heist" consists of the theft of drugs from various gangs, including the Lost, the O'Neil Brothers, the Los Santos Vagos, and the Ballas, which Trevor plans to sell for a large profit. After all drug shipments are collected, Trevor and the players deliver them to the deal's location, whereupon Trevor gives the players their cut in advance and they leave. When the buyer arrives, Trevor quickly realizes that the deal is a sting operation, at which point he is ambushed by the Drug Observation Agency (DOA), but manages to escape, albeit without the drugs.
Although Trevor makes no further appearances in the game, he is mentioned by Ron in the 2017 update Smuggler's Run, which is set in 2017, a few years after the single-player story. Ron, after being abandoned by Trevor, contacts the player to start their own smuggling operation, and when they meet, the former briefly talks about Trevor, saying he has "gone Vinewood" and has become a guru and lifestyle coach; this confirms Trevor is still alive after the events of Grand Theft Auto V. Furthermore, the 2019 update, The Diamond Casino & Resort, includes a mention of the events of "The Third Way," implying that both Trevor and Michael canonically survive the events of the single-player story. | [] | [
"Appearances",
"Grand Theft Auto Online"
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"Fictional pansexuals",
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"Fictional Canadian people",
"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... |
projected-06899785-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Reception | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | Trevor's character was met with generally positive feedback following the release of Grand Theft Auto V. Edge singled out Trevor as the stand-out of the three protagonists, which they owed to his volatile personality. Like Edge, Caroline Petit of GameSpot considered Trevor "a truly horrible, terrifying, psychotic human being—and a terrific character." Eurogamers Tom Bramwell, however, felt that Trevor undermined the other characters because he was a "shallow and unconvincing" sensationalised anti-hero, and that "his antics derail[ed] the narrative" and overshadowed the character development of Michael and Franklin. Xav de Matos of Joystiq found all three characters unlikable to the extent that they had an alienating effect on the story, noting that "though each character has a valid motivation for his journey, it's difficult to want them to succeed." He also felt that the ambivalence between Trevor and Michael was a tired device by the conclusion of the story as it became a "seemingly endless cycle" of conflict between them.
Lucas Sullivan of GamesRadar praised Trevor for being the first character in the series that "makes sense". He stated that, upon their first playthrough of a Grand Theft Auto game, most players "carjacked some poor schlub, then started doing 90mph on the sidewalk, mowing over civilians", as opposed to playing peacefully. "Trevor's existence isn't a commentary on any group of people–he's just the first logical fit to the way people have been playing GTA games for the past decade," he said. Sullivan concluded that Trevor is one of the few protagonists in Grand Theft Auto that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. Andy Corrigan of IGN compared Trevor to Heath Ledger's Joker in the 2008 film The Dark Knight. Corrigan felt that Trevor is the only character in Grand Theft Auto V not trying to fake his persona, stating "Trevor absolutely knows that he's a monster but just doesn't care. He enjoys causing misery and harm, lives for it and embraces it and – much like Heath Ledger's Joker – he exists purely for unadulterated anarchy." He also felt that Trevor's only reasoning for hurting people and messing everything up around him is simply because it's just too much fun not to. Corrigan concluded saying that it's clear that the world through the eyes of Trevor is already royally broken and he sees no harm in messing it up some more, hence the reason for Trevor's actions.
Trevor was named Best Character for the Official Xbox Magazine Game of the Year Awards 2013. The character was nominated for Character of the Year at VGX, Best New Character from Hardcore Gamer, and Best Character from Destructoid. Steven Ogg was also nominated for his work as Trevor from VGX, The Telegraph, and the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards. | [] | [
"Cultural impact",
"Reception"
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"Fictional alcohol abusers",
"Fictional assassins in video games",
"Fictional aviators",
"Fictional bank robbers",
"Fictional pansexuals",
"Fictional businesspeople in video games",
"Fictional Canadian people",
"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... |
projected-06899785-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Controversies | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | The mission "By the Book" from Grand Theft Auto V was criticised for its depiction of torture. In the mission, Trevor interrogates Ferdinand "Mr. K" Kerimov for information about a suspected Azerbaijani fugitive who poses a threat to the FIB (the game's version of the FBI). Trevor uses torture equipment on the restrained man, which players select from a table. Once Mr. K provides the FIB with the information, Trevor is asked to kill him, but instead drives him to the airport, providing him an opportunity to escape. While driving Kerimov, Trevor monologues about the ineffectiveness of torture, pointing out Kerimov's readiness to supply the FIB with the information without being tortured, and expressing that torture is used as a power play "to assert ourselves".
Reviewers echoed that while the mission served as political commentary on the use of torture by the United States government, its use of torture was in poor taste. GameSpots Petit felt that placing the torture scene in context with the monologue created a hypocrisy in the mission's function as a commentary device, and IGNs Keza MacDonald felt it "pushed the boundaries of taste". In an editorial, Bramwell discussed whether the political commentary was overshadowed by the violent content, comparing the mission to Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2s "No Russian" controversy. He considered the sequence lacking enough context to justify its violence and summarised its function as "flawed". Labour MP Keith Vaz expressed concern that underage players could be exposed to the mission. Keith Best of Freedom from Torture said the torturer role-play "crossed a line". Tom Chick defended the torture sequence, and wrote that unlike the "No Russian" mission or the 2012 film Zero Dark Thirty, the underlying political commentary on torture in "By the Book" necessitated the violent content. | [] | [
"Cultural impact",
"Controversies"
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"Fictional bank robbers",
"Fictional pansexuals",
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"Fictional Canadian people",
"Fictional cannabis users",
"Fictional cannibals",
"Fictional career criminals",
"Fic... |
projected-06899785-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Philips | Trevor Philips | Missions | Trevor Philips is a fictional character and one of the three playable protagonists, alongside Michael De Santa and Franklin Clinton, of Grand Theft Auto V, the seventh main title in the Grand Theft Auto series developed by Rockstar Games. He also appears in the game's multiplayer component, Grand Theft Auto Online. A career criminal and former bank robber, Trevor leads his own organisation, Trevor Philips Enterprises, and comes into conflict with various rival gangs and criminal syndicates as he attempts to secure control of the drugs and weapons trade in the fictional Blaine County, San Andreas. He is played by actor Steven Ogg, who provided the voice and motion capture for the character.
Rockstar based Trevor's appearance on Ogg's physical appearance, while his personality was inspired by Charles Bronson. Grand Theft Auto V co-writer Dan Houser described Trevor as purely driven by desire and resentment. To make players care for the character, the designers gave the character more emotions. Trevor is shown to care about people very close to him, despite his antisocial behavior and psychotic derangement.
Trevor is considered one of the most controversial characters in video game history. The general attention given to Trevor by critics was mostly very positive, although some reviewers felt that his violent personality and actions negatively affected the game's narrative. His design and personality have drawn comparisons to other influential video game and film characters. Many reviewers have called Trevor a likeable and believable character, and felt that he is one of the few protagonists in the Grand Theft Auto series that would willingly execute popular player actions, such as murder and violence. | Category:Fictional alcohol abusers
Category:Fictional assassins in video games
Category:Fictional aviators
Category:Fictional bank robbers
Category:Fictional pansexuals
Category:Fictional businesspeople in video games
Category:Fictional Canadian people
Category:Fictional cannabis users
Category:Fictional cannibals
Category:Fictional career criminals
Category:Fictional characters from California
Category:Fictional characters with psychiatric disorders
Category:Fictional crime bosses
Category:Fictional criminals in video games
Category:Fictional drug dealers
Category:Fictional gangsters
Category:Fictional immigrants to the United States
Category:Fictional kidnappers
Category:Fictional mass murderers
Category:Fictional methamphetamine users
Category:Fictional military personnel in video games
Category:Fictional outlaws
Category:Fictional professional thieves
Category:Fictional rampage and spree killers
Category:Fictional Royal Canadian Air Force personnel
Category:Fictional soldiers in video games
Category:Fictional smokers
Category:Fictional torturers and interrogators
Category:Fictional torturers
Category:Grand Theft Auto characters
Category:Grand Theft Auto V
Category:LGBT characters in video games
Category:Male characters in video games
Category:Video game characters introduced in 2013
Category:Video game mascots
Category:Video game protagonists | [] | [
"References",
"Missions"
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"Fictional alcohol abusers",
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projected-17327371-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Lincolnshire%20County%20Council%20election | 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election | Introduction | The 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005, the same day as the general election. The whole council of 77 members was up for election and the election resulted in the Conservative Party retaining control of the council, winning 45 seats. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"2005 English local elections",
"2000s in Lincolnshire",
"Lincolnshire County Council elections"
] | |
projected-17327371-028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005%20Lincolnshire%20County%20Council%20election | 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election | References | The 2005 Lincolnshire County Council election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005, the same day as the general election. The whole council of 77 members was up for election and the election resulted in the Conservative Party retaining control of the council, winning 45 seats. | Category:2005 English local elections
Category:2000s in Lincolnshire
2005 | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"2005 English local elections",
"2000s in Lincolnshire",
"Lincolnshire County Council elections"
] |
projected-06899789-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard | Nicolas Girard | Introduction | Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1972 births",
"French Quebecers",
"Living people",
"Parti Québécois MNAs",
"Politicians from Montreal",
"Université de Montréal alumni",
"21st-century Canadian politicians"
] | |
projected-06899789-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard | Nicolas Girard | Student activism | Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. | Girard was involved in politics in his teens, notably on the Parti Québécois (PQ) Youth Association in the riding of La Prairie.
As a student of Collège Édouard-Montpetit, Girard was involved in the Parti Québécois local cell. He was then elected president of the student college association. He fought against budget cuts made by the Canadian federal government.
During the 1995 Quebec referendum, he founded a student organization supporting the yes side. He gave several speeches along with PQ leader, Jacques Parizeau.
Girard has a bachelor's degree in political sciences at the Université de Montréal and did studies for the master's degree in industrial relations.
During his stay at the Université de Montréal, he was elected leader of student association - Fédération des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal (FAÉCUM).
He is a former student activist, notably organizing student rallies against former minister Lloyd Axworthy's cuts in education. He then became the president-elect of the Federation des associations étudiantes du campus de l'Université de Montréal (FAECUM). FAECUM supported the yes side during the 1995 Quebec referendum. | [] | [
"Student activism"
] | [
"1972 births",
"French Quebecers",
"Living people",
"Parti Québécois MNAs",
"Politicians from Montreal",
"Université de Montréal alumni",
"21st-century Canadian politicians"
] |
projected-06899789-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard | Nicolas Girard | Early political career | Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. | Upon graduation, Girard was hired by the Parti Québécois as a communication advisor. He later worked for several ministers, including François Legault, André Boisclair and Sylvain Simard as a press secretary.
At the 2003 provincial election, he was appointed as the deputy communication director for the campaign. Following the PQ's defeat, he was hired by the Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), as a communication specialist. He also joined Pauline Marois's organization as an advisor, in her attempt to quickly replace Bernard Landry. | [] | [
"Early political career"
] | [
"1972 births",
"French Quebecers",
"Living people",
"Parti Québécois MNAs",
"Politicians from Montreal",
"Université de Montréal alumni",
"21st-century Canadian politicians"
] |
projected-06899789-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard | Nicolas Girard | 2004 by-election | Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. | In 2004, following André Boisclair's resignation, he ran for the PQ in the Gouin riding. In the candidate selection process, he was backed by Pauline Marois and defeated high-profile Bloc Québécois vice-president, Dominique Ollivier, who was supported by Bernard Bigras, Gilles Duceppe and Louise Harel.
He won his selection at the third round by a one-vote margin. | [] | [
"2004 by-election"
] | [
"1972 births",
"French Quebecers",
"Living people",
"Parti Québécois MNAs",
"Politicians from Montreal",
"Université de Montréal alumni",
"21st-century Canadian politicians"
] |
projected-06899789-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas%20Girard | Nicolas Girard | Political career 2004 - 2007 | Nicolas Girard (born June 5, 1972 in Montreal, Quebec) is a politician in Quebec, Canada, and former member of the National Assembly of Quebec. He was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election as a Parti Québécois member on September 20, 2004 in riding of Gouin in the Montreal region. | Early after his election, he left Marois' organization to back Bernard Landry who was gaining support in order to get a decent confidence score at a mandatory PQ internal vote.
In 2005, Bernard Landry resigned after gaining only 75% of his party support, Girard then convinced André Boisclair to make a bid for the PQ leadership, which he won.
Since, Girard's political career has been on the fast-track. Boisclair appointed him the PQ critics in social services and as the chief strategist for the upcoming provincial election. Girard then appointed long-time friend, Pierre-Luc Paquette, as PQ's general manager.
It is said that Girard would play a leading role in an eventual Boisclair government. | [] | [
"Political career 2004 - 2007"
] | [
"1972 births",
"French Quebecers",
"Living people",
"Parti Québécois MNAs",
"Politicians from Montreal",
"Université de Montréal alumni",
"21st-century Canadian politicians"
] |