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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
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projected-00310594-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Peak (late 1940s–1960s) | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | After 1945, rising car ownership and suburban and rural population led to a boom in drive-in theaters, with hundreds being opened each year. More couples were reunited and having children, resulting in the Baby Boom, and more cars were being purchased following the end of wartime fuel rationing. By 1951, the number of ... | [
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projected-00310594-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Decline (1970s–1990s) | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | Beginning in the late 1960s, drive-in attendance began to decline as the result of improvements and changes to home entertainment, from color television and cable TV to VCRs and video rental in the early 1980s. Additionally, the 1970s energy crisis led to the widespread adoption of daylight saving time (which caused d... | [
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projected-00310594-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Revival and new drive-in formats (late 1990s–2000s) | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | Beginning in the late 1970s and extending through the mid-1990s, those drive-ins still operating acquired a quasi-novelty status, catering to the wave of "boomer nostalgia" and loyal patrons. This "retro" appeal eventually led to a revival of sorts by the end of the 1990s.
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projected-00310594-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Present and digital conversion (late 2000s onwards) | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | In the second half of the 2000s, drive-ins had another decline because of the oil crisis and a worsening economy. Reduced use of automobiles and more people moving out of suburban and rural areas during the 2010s have also put the drive-in's future at risk, with numbers again on the decline. By 2013, drive-ins compris... | [
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projected-00310594-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Australia | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | The drive-in theater also became popular in Australia during the 1950s and 1960s. The Hoyts Skyline in Melbourne was the country's first drive-in cinema, opening in 1954 with the film On the Riviera. The drive-in was successful, and four more opened within the year, including Mainline Drive-In in Gepps Cross, South Aus... | [] | [
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projected-00310594-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Germany | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | Germany's first drive-in theater, the Gravenbruch, opened in April 1960 in a suburb of Frankfurt with a screening of The King and I. The only other drive-ins in Europe at the time were in Rome, Italy and Madrid, Spain. | [] | [
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projected-00310594-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Greece | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | Greece's first drive-in theater began construction in 1960 near Varibobi, a suburb of Athens, and was planned to open in August 1961. | [] | [
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projected-00310594-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Iran | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | In 2020, Iran showed its first drive-in film, Exodus, during the COVID-19 pandemic. | [] | [
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"Cinemas and movie theaters",
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projected-00310594-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Italy | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | The first drive-in theatre in Europe opened in Rome in 1954. | [] | [
"Drive-in theaters around the world",
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projected-00310594-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | Philippines | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | The Philippines' shopping mall chain SM Supermalls opened the country's first drive-in theater near SM City Pampanga on July 31, 2020. It also opened a temporary drive-in cinema at the SM Mall of Asia concert grounds on September 9, 2020. | [] | [
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projected-00310594-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in%20theater | Drive-in theater | See also | A drive-in theater or drive-in cinema is a form of cinema structure consisting of a large outdoor movie screen, a projection booth, a concession stand, and a large parking area for automobiles. Within this enclosed area, customers can view movies from the privacy and comfort of their cars. Some drive-ins have small pla... | Effects of the car on societies
List of drive-in theaters
Outdoor cinema
Inflatable movie screen | [] | [
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projected-00310597-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Introduction | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Cooling technology",
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projected-00310597-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Operating principle | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Thermoelectric coolers operate by the Peltier effect (one of three phenomena that make up the thermoelectric effect). The device has two sides, and when a DC electric current flows through the device, it brings heat from one side to the other, so that one side gets cooler while the other gets hotter. The "hot" side is ... | [
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projected-00310597-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Design | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Two unique semiconductors, one n-type and one p-type, are used because they need to have different electron densities. The alternating p & n-type semiconductor pillars are placed thermally in parallel to each other and electrically in series and then joined with a thermally conducting plate on each side, usually cerami... | [] | [
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projected-00310597-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Materials | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Requirements for thermoelectric materials:
Narrow band-gap semiconductors because of room-temperature operation;
High electrical conductivity (to reduce electrical resistance, a source of waste heat);
Low thermal conductivity (so that heat doesn't come back from the hot side to the cool side); this usually translate... | [
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projected-00310597-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Identification and characteristics | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | The vast majority of thermoelectric coolers have an ID printed on the cooled side.
These universal IDs clearly indicate the size, number of stages, number of couples, and current rating in amps, as seen in the adjacent diagram.
Very common Tec1-12706, square of 40 mm size and 3–4 mm high, are found for a few dollars,... | [
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projected-00310597-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Strengths and weaknesses | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | There are many factors motivating further research on TEC including lower carbon emissions and ease of manufacturing. However, several challenges have arisen. | [] | [
"Strengths and weaknesses"
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"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310597-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Benefits | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | A significant benefit of TEC systems is that they have no moving parts. This lack of mechanical wear and reduced instances of failure due to fatigue and fracture from mechanical vibration and stress increases the lifespan of the system and lowers the maintenance requirements. Current technologies show the mean time bet... | [] | [
"Strengths and weaknesses",
"Benefits"
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"Cooling technology",
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projected-00310597-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Disadvantages | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | TEC systems have a number of notable disadvantages. Foremost is their limited energy efficiency compared to conventional vapor-compression systems and the constraints on the total heat flux (heat flow) that they are able to generate per unit area. This topic is further discussed in the performance section below. | [] | [
"Strengths and weaknesses",
"Disadvantages"
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"Cooling technology",
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projected-00310597-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Performance | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Peltier (thermoelectric) performance is a function of ambient temperature, hot and cold side heat exchanger (heat sink) performance, thermal load, Peltier module (thermopile) geometry, and Peltier electrical parameters.
The amount of heat that can be moved is proportional to the current and time.
, where P is the Pelt... | [] | [
"Performance"
] | [
"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310597-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Uses | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Thermoelectric coolers are used for applications that require heat removal ranging from milliwatts to several thousand watts. They can be made for applications as small as a beverage cooler or as large as a submarine or railroad car. TEC elements have limited life time. Their health strength can be measured by the chan... | [
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"Uses"
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"Cooling technology",
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projected-00310597-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Consumer products | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Peltier elements are commonly used in consumer products. For example, they are used in camping, portable coolers, cooling electronic components, mattress pad sleeping systems and small instruments. They can also be used to extract water from the air in dehumidifiers. A camping/car type electric cooler can typically red... | [] | [
"Uses",
"Consumer products"
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"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310597-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Industrial | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Thermoelectric coolers are used in many fields of industrial manufacturing and require a thorough performance analysis as they face the test of running thousands of cycles before these industrial products are launched to the market. Some of the applications include laser equipment, thermoelectric air conditioners or co... | [] | [
"Uses",
"Industrial"
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"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310597-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | Science and imaging | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Peltier elements are used in scientific devices. They are a common component in thermal cyclers, used for the synthesis of DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a common molecular biological technique, which requires the rapid heating and cooling of the reaction mixture for denaturation, primer annealing, and enzymat... | [] | [
"Uses",
"Science and imaging"
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"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310597-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | See also | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Thermoacoustics
Thermotunnel cooling | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
] |
projected-00310597-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric%20cooling | Thermoelectric cooling | References | Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux at the junction of two different types of materials. A Peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump is a solid-state active heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, dependin... | Category:Cooling technology
Category:Thermoelectricity | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Cooling technology",
"Thermoelectricity"
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projected-00310599-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | Introduction | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Modern synthesis (20th century)",
"Population genetics",
"Selection"
] | |
projected-00310599-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | In biology | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | In all fitness landscapes, height represents and is a visual metaphor for fitness. There are three distinct ways of characterizing the other dimensions, though in each case distance represents and is a metaphor for degree of dissimilarity.
Fitness landscapes are often conceived of as ranges of mountains. There exist l... | [
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projected-00310599-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | Genotype to fitness landscapes | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | Wright visualized a genotype space as a hypercube. No continuous genotype "dimension" is defined. Instead, a network of genotypes are connected via mutational paths.
Stuart Kauffman's NK model falls into this category of fitness landscape. Newer network analysis techniques such as selection-weighted attraction graphin... | [] | [
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"Genotype to fitness landscapes"
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projected-00310599-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | Allele frequency to fitness landscapes | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | Wright's mathematical work described fitness as a function of allele frequencies. Here, each dimension describes an allele frequency at a different gene, and goes between 0 and 1. | [] | [
"In biology",
"Allele frequency to fitness landscapes"
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"Modern synthesis (20th century)",
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projected-00310599-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | Phenotype to fitness landscapes | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | In the third kind of fitness landscape, each dimension represents a different phenotypic trait. Under the assumptions of quantitative genetics, these phenotypic dimensions can be mapped onto genotypes. See the visualizations below for examples of phenotype to fitness landscapes. | [] | [
"In biology",
"Phenotype to fitness landscapes"
] | [
"Modern synthesis (20th century)",
"Population genetics",
"Selection"
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projected-00310599-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | In evolutionary optimization | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | Apart from the field of evolutionary biology, the concept of a fitness landscape has also gained importance in evolutionary optimization methods such as genetic algorithms or evolution strategies. In evolutionary optimization, one tries to solve real-world problems (e.g., engineering or logistics problems) by imitating... | [] | [
"In evolutionary optimization"
] | [
"Modern synthesis (20th century)",
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projected-00310599-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | Caveats and limitations | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | Several important caveats exist. Since the human mind struggles to think in greater than three dimensions, 3D topologies can mislead when discussing highly multi-dimensional fitness landscapes. In particular it is not clear whether peaks in natural biological fitness landscapes are ever truly separated by fitness valle... | [
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"Caveats and limitations"
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projected-00310599-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness%20landscape | Fitness landscape | See also | In evolutionary biology, fitness landscapes or adaptive landscapes (types of evolutionary landscapes) are used to visualize the relationship between genotypes and reproductive success. It is assumed that every genotype has a well-defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). This fitness is the "height" of ... | Viral quasispecies | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Modern synthesis (20th century)",
"Population genetics",
"Selection"
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projected-00310605-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary%20opposition | Parliamentary opposition | Introduction | Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. This article uses the term government as it is used in Parliamentary systems, i.e. meaning the administration or the cabinet rather than the state. In some countries the title... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Parliamentary opposition",
"Legislatures",
"Westminster system"
] | |
projected-00310605-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary%20opposition | Parliamentary opposition | See also | Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. This article uses the term government as it is used in Parliamentary systems, i.e. meaning the administration or the cabinet rather than the state. In some countries the title... | Loyal opposition
Opposition Party (Hungary)
Official Opposition (Canada)
Official Opposition (India)
Official Opposition (New Zealand)
His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition (United Kingdom)
Opposition (Australia)
Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet (South Africa)
Opposition (Malaysia)
Opposition (Croatia)
Opposi... | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Parliamentary opposition",
"Legislatures",
"Westminster system"
] |
projected-00310605-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary%20opposition | Parliamentary opposition | References | Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. This article uses the term government as it is used in Parliamentary systems, i.e. meaning the administration or the cabinet rather than the state. In some countries the title... | Category:Legislatures
Category:Westminster system | [] | [
"References"
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"Parliamentary opposition",
"Legislatures",
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projected-00310609-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Introduction | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Phelsuma",
"Reptiles of Mauritius",
"Reptiles described in 1885",
"Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger"
] | |
projected-00310609-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Etymology | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | The specific name, guentheri, is in honor of German-born British herpetologist Albert Günther. | [] | [
"Etymology"
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projected-00310609-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Description | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | P. guentheri is one of the largest living day geckos. Males can reach a total length of about , but often are much smaller. Females of this species are generally very much smaller than males. The body color is grayish or grayish brown. A dark-brown stripe extends from the nostril to above the ear opening. On the back, ... | [] | [
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projected-00310609-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Geographic range | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | P. guentheri originally occurred on Mauritius before rats and cats were introduced. Now, it inhabits only Round Island, north-northeast of Mauritius. | [] | [
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projected-00310609-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Habitat | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | P. guentheri is often found on bottle palms, fan palms (Latania loddigesii ), and Pandanus. Since much of the original vegetation is destroyed, by tropical cyclones, P. guentheri is forced to live in rocky crevices. | [] | [
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projected-00310609-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Diet | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | Round Island day geckos feed on various insects and other invertebrates. They also lick soft, sweet fruit, pollen, and nectar. | [] | [
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projected-00310609-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Reproduction | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | The females lay up to four pairs of eggs. The young will hatch after about 58–104 days. The juveniles measure . The eggs are laid normally in June, but can be laid from February to September. | [] | [
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projected-00310609-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Care and maintenance in captivity | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | These animals are endangered and were bred and kept by the Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust at Durrell Wildlife Park until 1999. No specimens are kept in captive public hands outside of Mauritius | [] | [
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projected-00310609-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Round%20Island%20day%20gecko | Round Island day gecko | Further reading | The Round Island day gecko, Phelsuma guentheri, also known as Günther's gecko, is an endangered species of gecko. It lives on the islet Round Island (Mauritius), and typically dwells on different palm trees. The Round Island day gecko feeds on insects and nectar. | Boulenger GA (1885). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume I. Geckonidæ ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 436 pp. + Plates I-XXXII. (Phelsuma guentheri, new species, p. 213).
Carpenter AI, Côte IM, Jones... | [] | [
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projected-00310612-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in | Drive-in | Introduction | A drive-in is a facility (such as a restaurant or movie theater) where one can drive in with an automobile for service. At a drive-in restaurant, for example, customers park their vehicles and are usually served by staff who walk or rollerskate out to take orders and return with food, encouraging diners to remain parke... | [] | [
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projected-00310612-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in | Drive-in | In popular culture | A drive-in is a facility (such as a restaurant or movie theater) where one can drive in with an automobile for service. At a drive-in restaurant, for example, customers park their vehicles and are usually served by staff who walk or rollerskate out to take orders and return with food, encouraging diners to remain parke... | As a symbol of the 1950s, a drive-in is featured in many films and TV series about this period. The film American Graffiti (1973) has several scenes in or around a drive-in, while in Happy Days, "Arnold's Drive-In" is one of the main settings for much of the series. | [] | [
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projected-00310612-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive-in | Drive-in | See also | A drive-in is a facility (such as a restaurant or movie theater) where one can drive in with an automobile for service. At a drive-in restaurant, for example, customers park their vehicles and are usually served by staff who walk or rollerskate out to take orders and return with food, encouraging diners to remain parke... | Drive-through
Drive-in theater
Drive-In Classics, a Canadian TV channel
List of drive-in restaurants
List of drive-in theaters
Safari park | [] | [
"See also"
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"Articles containing video clips",
"Drive-in restaurants",
"Road transport",
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"1950s fads and trends"
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projected-00310614-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V20%20engine | V20 engine | Introduction | A V20 engine is a twenty-cylinder piston engine where two banks of ten cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. Large diesel V20 engines have been used in diesel locomotives, haul trucks, electric generators and marine applications. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"V engines",
"Locomotive engines",
"Piston engine configurations",
"20-cylinder engines"
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projected-00310614-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V20%20engine | V20 engine | History | A V20 engine is a twenty-cylinder piston engine where two banks of ten cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. Large diesel V20 engines have been used in diesel locomotives, haul trucks, electric generators and marine applications. | COLT-PIELSTICK PA6B STC. Others are the Wärtsilä 20V32 which produces up to , the MTU 20V1163 6 MW (8,045 hp)MTU 20V4000 2.8 MW (3,755 hp), MTU 20V8000 10 MW (13,410 hp), Cummins 120.0L QSK120 (5,000 hp). Caterpillar C175-20 4 MW (5,364 hp) and the G3520 series. | [
"Aeronauticum DieselmMotor MB 511 144And8more.jpg"
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projected-00310614-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V20%20engine | V20 engine | See also | A V20 engine is a twenty-cylinder piston engine where two banks of ten cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. Large diesel V20 engines have been used in diesel locomotives, haul trucks, electric generators and marine applications. | V engine | [] | [
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"V engines",
"Locomotive engines",
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projected-00310614-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V20%20engine | V20 engine | References | A V20 engine is a twenty-cylinder piston engine where two banks of ten cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. Large diesel V20 engines have been used in diesel locomotives, haul trucks, electric generators and marine applications. | 20
Category:Locomotive engines
Category:Piston engine configurations
Category:20-cylinder engines | [] | [
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"V engines",
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projected-00310619-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Introduction | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | [] | [
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] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] | |
projected-00310619-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | History and overview | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | The first Achewood strip ("Philippe is standing on it") was released on October 1, 2001. The strip sets the tone for future strips with its nonsensical humor and flat visual punchline. In this particular strip, Mr. Bear and Téodor are discussing Téodor's confusion over a drum machine. Mr. Bear informs Téodor that there... | [] | [
"History and overview"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
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projected-00310619-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Etymology | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | According to the comic's official website, "achewood" was an ingredient used by enslaved people during the United States' antebellum era in the production of "achewater", a now outlawed Southern drink with psychedelic properties, similar to the use of wormwood in the production of absinthe. This liquor would supposedly... | [] | [
"History and overview",
"Etymology"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | The Underground | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | The Achewood Underground is an underground version of the human city above, inhabited and run by animals both stuffed and real, as well as several robots. The Underground has its own businesses and establishments that parallel those above ground, and its inhabitants often steal or borrow things from their human counter... | [] | [
"History and overview",
"The Underground"
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"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | The Overground | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | The geography of the Achewood Overground is based on that of the Palo Alto/Stanford area. Dexter University corresponds to Stanford University, Achewood Heights is equivalent to Menlo Park, East Achewood is analogous to East Palo Alto, and the Achewood Estates/Achewood areas refer to areas of Palo Alto. | [] | [
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"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Raymond Quentin Smuckles | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Raymond Quentin "Ray" Smuckles is a cat, specifically, an American Curl, a breed that originated from Lakewood, California. Ray is financially successful after selling his soul to the devil in exchange for success in pop music. He claims to have expertise in such diverse fields as cookery, alcohol, underground street d... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Raymond Quentin Smuckles"
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"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | "Roast Beef" Kazenzakis | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Roast Beef Kazenzakis' birth name was "Cassandra", as he was born intersex and the doctor mistakenly predicted that he would develop female characteristics. It has never been explained where the "Roast Beef" nickname originated, though he was seen to have it in flashbacks to his early childhood. Beef, like Ray, is a c... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"\"Roast Beef\" Kazenzakis"
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"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Philippe | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Philippe is an undyingly optimistic and naïve young otter who resides in the house with Cornelius Bear, Lyle and Téodor, as well as Chris and Chris's family. His housemates collectively raised him with varied success, with Téodor acting as a nurturing motherly-type; Lyle as a neglectful big brother, and Mr. Bear as a s... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Philippe"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Cornelius Bear | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Often referred to as Mr. Bear (and "Connie" by Ray), he is a scholarly and fatherly figure to much of the cast, being much older than most of them — he was married to his first (now deceased) wife, Iris Gambol, sometime before 1967. Chris Onstad said that Cornelius is "sort of my older Anglophile man-of-the-world-type ... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Cornelius Bear"
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"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Lyle Roscoe Gabriel | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | A belligerent stuffed tiger who enjoys playing pranks on his friends and takes his alcohol early and often. He is a talented calligrapher and cosmetician, and is apparently knowledgeable about cars. Lyle has a mysterious, possibly criminal, tragic past which caused him to relocate from Gainesville, Florida, to Achewood... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Lyle Roscoe Gabriel"
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"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
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projected-00310619-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Téodor Orezscu | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Téodor is a teddy bear. He and his family originate from Minsk, Belarus (his father was an actuary) and is apparently of Jewish descent. He is a skilled cook, musician and graphic designer, and is also an all around friendly guy. He was originally quite crazy and uninhibited, exhibiting nudist tendencies in early Achew... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Téodor Orezscu"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Patrick Reynolds | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Pat is one of the three original cat characters, along with Roast Beef and Ray. Over the years, his role has receded into the background, but his is still a notable presence. He is a generally unpleasant character — he typically plays the antagonist — and seems to hate anyone that does not live up to his impossibly hig... | [] | [
"Major characters",
"Patrick Reynolds"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
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projected-00310619-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Molly Sanders | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | A cat, and Roast Beef's wife. Molly was born in 17th-century Wales. She died in the wreck of the Gwynqeathe in 1676 and went to Heaven, where she was able to keep up on developments in the living world and became interested in modern technology. Roast Beef first met her in Heaven after Pat shot him. Molly now resides o... | [] | [
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"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
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] |
projected-00310619-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Early development of the series | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | In the early months of Achewood, the strip takes place entirely at Chris Onstad's house, and the four original characters—Philippe, Téodor, Lyle and Cornelius Bear—are implied to be essentially trapped there. Philippe's appearance at the front door causes some Trick-or-Treaters to exclaim in fear, "Holy Christ is That ... | [] | [
"Early development of the series"
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"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
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] |
projected-00310619-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Other features | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Chris Onstad has also produced other material within the Achewood 'universe', including:
Various blogs written by some of the comic's characters.
A zine, Man Why You Even Got to Do a Thing, purportedly written by Roast Beef (publication halted since Issue 7).
Two novellas by the character Nice Pete.
The Achewood Co... | [] | [
"Other features"
] | [
"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Reception | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | As of April 10, 2007, Achewood received about ten million page views monthly. James Norton of Salon.com said that the "well-developed cast of characters, many of whom just happen to be seriously into good food" get the attention of the audience. | [] | [
"Reception"
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"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
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projected-00310619-017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Awards | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Achewood received the Ignatz Award in 2007 and 2008 for Outstanding Online Comic.
Time magazine's Lev Grossman named it Number One of the Top 10 Graphic Novels of 2007, praising its emotional range, the lyrical beauty of its otherwise at-times crude art, and referred to the series as "brilliant" and "profoundly genius... | [] | [
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"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Author | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Chris Onstad was born June 14, 1975, in California and grew up in a small town near Sonora, in the Sierra foothills. Onstad attended Stanford University, where he edited the Stanford Chaparral humor magazine. Onstad has published several books: nine anthologies of Achewood comics; a humorous cookbook featuring recipes ... | [] | [
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projected-00310619-019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Influences | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Onstad remarked in an interview that "You can't help but be affected by Mark Twain books, Lay's Potato Chip ads, a fat lady who is yelling outside, David Letterman, etc." And elsewhere, to Brian M. Palmer, "The reader would likely be a better judge." He has expressed admiration for Chris Ware and Tony Millionaire. He h... | [] | [
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"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Self-published | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Volume I – A Momentary Diversion on the Road to the Grave
Volume II – Worst Song, Played on Ugliest Guitar
Volume III – The Devil's Dictionary
Volume IV – Ten A.M. and Drunk as a Lord
Volume V – An Empty Cup of Rum
Volume VI – The Dude Is from Circumstances
Volume VII – Kiss My Ass, Bitch. I'll Be at Duane's
Volume VII... | [] | [
"Bibliography",
"Self-published"
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"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310619-022 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achewood | Achewood | Published by Dark Horse Comics | Achewood is a webcomic created by Chris Onstad in 2001. It portrays the lives of a group of anthropomorphic stuffed toys, robots, and pets. Many of the characters live together in the home of their owner, Chris, at the fictional address of 62 Achewood Court. The events of the strip mostly take place in, and around the ... | Achewood: The Great Outdoor Fight (September 2008)
Collects strips from January 11, 2006, to March 30, 2006, plus bonus material
Achewood Volume 2: Worst Song, Played on Ugliest Guitar (October 2009)
Collects strips from January 10, 2002, to May 7, 2002, plus "Before We Were Achewood: The Early Experiments" (Decemb... | [] | [
"Bibliography",
"Published by Dark Horse Comics"
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"2000s webcomics",
"2010s webcomics",
"2001 webcomic debuts",
"American comedy webcomics",
"Webcomics in print",
"Ignatz Award winners for Outstanding Online Comic",
"Comics about cats"
] |
projected-00310623-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Introduction | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | [] | [
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"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] | |
projected-00310623-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | History | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | The first area in London known as Chinatown was located in the Limehouse area of the East End of London. At the start of the 20th century, the Chinese population of London was concentrated in that area, setting up businesses which catered to the Chinese sailors who frequented in Docklands. The area was known through ex... | [] | [
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"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Geography | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | Chinatown has no officially defined size, but it has commonly been considered to approximately encompass Gerrard Street, the bottom half of Wardour Street, Rupert Street and Rupert Court, a section of Shaftesbury Avenue and Lisle Street, Macclesfield Street and Newport Place, Newport Court and Little Newport Street.
... | [] | [
"Geography"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
"Areas of London",
"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Education | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | The City of Westminster operates the Charing Cross Library with the Westminster Chinese Library. | [] | [
"Education"
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"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
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"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Transport | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | The nearest London Underground stations are Leicester Square and Piccadilly Circus. | [] | [
"Transport"
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"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
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"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Popular culture | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | The song lyrics to Warren Zevon's 1978 hit song "Werewolves of London": "He was looking for the place called Lee Ho Fook‘s / Gonna get a big dish of beef chow mein" refer to Lee Ho Fook, a Chinese restaurant that stood on 15 Gerrard Street.
The films Ping Pong (1986) and Soursweet (1988) are set in Chinatown; they are... | [
"Lee Ho Fook in London's Chinatown, 2008.jpg"
] | [
"Popular culture"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
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"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Car park | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | There is a China Town car park, which is underneath Vale Royal House, a large residential block in Newport Court, both built in the 1980s and managed by Westminster City Council. | [] | [
"Car park"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
"Areas of London",
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"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | See also | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | Brick Lane
Chinese community in London
British Chinese
Wong Kei | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
"Areas of London",
"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | References | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | Notes | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
"Areas of London",
"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310623-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown%2C%20London | Chinatown, London | Further reading | Chinatown is an ethnic enclave in the City of Westminster, London, bordering Soho to its north and west, Theatreland to the south and east. The enclave currently occupies the area in and around Gerrard Street. It contains a number of Chinese restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets, souvenir shops, and other Chinese-run bus... | "London's first Chinatown". portcities.org.uk. Accessed 11 April 2011. | [] | [
"Further reading"
] | [
"Chinatown, London",
"Areas of London",
"Districts of the City of Westminster",
"Chinese community in the United Kingdom",
"Chinatowns in Europe",
"Ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom",
"Soho, London",
"City of Westminster"
] |
projected-00310624-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNG%20%28disambiguation%29 | CNG (disambiguation) | Introduction | CNG is compressed natural gas, methane stored at high pressure.
CNG may also refer to:
Certified Naturally Grown, a non-profit farm assurance certification program
Chinese Garden MRT station (MRT station abbreviation CNG), a Mass Rapid Transit station in Jurong East, Singapore
Connecticut Natural Gas, a natural gas... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-00310624-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNG%20%28disambiguation%29 | CNG (disambiguation) | See also | CNG is compressed natural gas, methane stored at high pressure.
CNG may also refer to:
Certified Naturally Grown, a non-profit farm assurance certification program
Chinese Garden MRT station (MRT station abbreviation CNG), a Mass Rapid Transit station in Jurong East, Singapore
Connecticut Natural Gas, a natural gas... | Auto rickshaw, sometimes referred to in Bangladesh as CNGs | [] | [
"See also"
] | [] |
projected-00310625-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Introduction | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
"Man in the Iron Mask",
"Works about Louis XIV",
"Fictional viscounts and viscountesses",
"Novels set in the 1660s",
"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... | |
projected-00310625-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Plot | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | The principal heroes of the novel are the musketeers. The novel's length finds it frequently broken into smaller parts. The narrative is set between 1660 and 1673 against the background of the transformation of Louis XIV from child monarch to Sun King. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
"Man in the Iron Mask",
"Works about Louis XIV",
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"Novels set in the 1660s",
"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Part One: The Vicomte of Bragelonne (Chapters 1–93) | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | After 35 years of loyal service, d'Artagnan resigns as lieutenant of the Musketeers as he perceives the young king Louis XIV as weak-willed. He resolves to aid the exiled Charles II to retake the throne of England, unaware that Athos is attempting the same. With their assistance Charles II is restored to the throne a... | [] | [
"Plot",
"Part One: The Vicomte of Bragelonne (Chapters 1–93)"
] | [
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"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Part Two: Louise de la Vallière (Chapters 94–180) | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | This part mostly concerns romantic events at the court of Louis XIV. Raoul de Bragelonne finds his childhood sweetheart, Louise de La Vallière, is maid of honour to the Princess. Fearing a tarnishing of Louise's reputation by affairs at court, Raoul seeks to marry her. His father, Athos, the Comte de la Fère, disappro... | [] | [
"Plot",
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"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
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"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Part Three: The Man in the Iron Mask (Chapters 181–269) | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | Dumas constructs the plot around the notion that the Man in the Iron Mask is the twin brother of Louis XIV, Philippe, who had been concealed and imprisoned from birth by his father, Louis XIII, and his mother, Anne of Austria, "for the good of France". Only a very few people living at the start of the novel know of Phi... | [] | [
"Plot",
"Part Three: The Man in the Iron Mask (Chapters 181–269)"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
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"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
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"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Analysis | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | French academic Jean-Yves Tadié has argued that the beginning of King Louis XIV's personal rule is the novel's real subject. | [] | [
"Analysis"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
"Man in the Iron Mask",
"Works about Louis XIV",
"Fictional viscounts and viscountesses",
"Novels set in the 1660s",
"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Reception | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | In his essay "On a Romance of Dumas's", author and critic Robert Louis Stevenson wrote that "it is in the character of D'Artagnan, that we must look for the spirit of morality, which is one of the main joys of its perusal, and sets it high above more popular rivals."
However, Arthur F. Davidson argues in Alexandre Dum... | [] | [
"Reception"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
"Man in the Iron Mask",
"Works about Louis XIV",
"Fictional viscounts and viscountesses",
"Novels set in the 1660s",
"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310625-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vicomte%20of%20Bragelonne%3A%20Ten%20Years%20Later | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later | Adaptations | The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later ( ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas. It is the third and last of The d'Artagnan Romances, following The Three Musketeers and Twenty Years After. It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.
In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usuall... | The third section of the novel, The Man in the Iron Mask, has been adapted many times in film, television and other media; see Man in the Iron Mask#In popular culture.
The three-part fantasy novel The Viscount of Adrilankha (2002–2004) by Steven Brust is loosely based on The Vicomte de Bragelonne. | [] | [
"Adaptations"
] | [
"1847 French novels",
"Novels by Alexandre Dumas",
"The Three Musketeers",
"Man in the Iron Mask",
"Works about Louis XIV",
"Fictional viscounts and viscountesses",
"Novels set in the 1660s",
"Novels set in the 1670s",
"French historical novels",
"Cultural depictions of Molière",
"Cultural depic... |
projected-00310631-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | Introduction | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] | |
projected-00310631-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | Product Line | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | TAM has a longstanding history of producing vehicles. While the company used to produce different types of vehicles ranging from military trucks, light trucks, heavy trucks, fire trucks, buses and even vehicle components like engines, it now only focuses on buses.
Current line up of buses:
airport buses called VIVAI... | [] | [
"Product Line"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] |
projected-00310631-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | History | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | In 1938, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia launched a competition to find a truck design that would be license produced in the country. The competing vehicles had to complete a journey across Yugoslav roads of poor quality. The RN won and in 1938, the Zavodi Aleksandar Ranković (ZAR), ancestor of post WWII Industrija Motora R... | [
"Deset tisoči izdelani Pionir v tovarni TAM 1957.jpg"
] | [
"History"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] |
projected-00310631-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | Past Product Line | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | TAM 110 T7 B/BV (1976–1991)
TAM 150 T11 B/BV (1979–1991) | [] | [
"Past Product Line"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] |
projected-00310631-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | Logo | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | The TAM logo resembles a three-leafed clover standing on point, with each lobe containing one letter of the acronym and a small five-pointed star occupying the center. When the company received the new investment in 2014, it also rebranded to a new logo. | [] | [
"Logo"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] |
projected-00310631-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TAM-Europe | TAM-Europe | Past vehicle naming convention | TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Group Corporation as the majority owner, and integrated into the heritage brand T... | In the past, TAM used to have a special naming convention for its trucks. However, this naming convention is no longer used for its modern bus product lines.
TAM trucks were assigned a string of three variables, number-letter-number; for example, model 190 T 11.
The first number represents engine power (in hp).
The l... | [] | [
"Past vehicle naming convention"
] | [
"Truck manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Bus manufacturers of Slovenia",
"Automotive companies established in 1947",
"Truck manufacturers of Yugoslavia",
"1947 establishments in Yugoslavia"
] |