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text_id stringlengths 22 22 | page_url stringlengths 31 389 | page_title stringlengths 1 250 | section_title stringlengths 0 4.67k | context_page_description stringlengths 0 108k | context_section_description stringlengths 1 187k | media list | hierachy list | category list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
projected-23572891-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | Digital Cameras | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Digital cameras are frequently used in situations where the shape or colour of an object needs to be analysed. Using machine vision, the CAI program can make decisions about objects by comparing them to a master photo or data array. | [] | [
"Technologies",
"Digital Cameras"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572891-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | Laser Scanning | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Laser scanning CAI machines use point clouds to generate a 3D model which is compared to the required specification. Laser scanners are generally used to check the external geometry of parts with low reflectivity and translucence. | [] | [
"Technologies",
"Laser Scanning"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572891-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | Structured Light Scanning | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Structured light scanners use projected light patterns and digital cameras to analyse the geometry of an object. As with laser scanning, objects with high reflectivity and translucence can cause problems but temporary coatings can be applied to prevent this. | [] | [
"Technologies",
"Structured Light Scanning"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572891-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | CT Scanning | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Industrial CT scanners use X-rays to image an object from many angles, building up a 3D image to compare to a specification. CT scans can be used to analyse the internal geometry of parts because the X-rays penetrate the object being scanned. Higher resolution CT scans can also check for cavities, cracks, and other undesirable features inside parts. | [] | [
"Technologies",
"CT Scanning"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572891-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | See also | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Computer-aided design
Computer-aided manufacturing
Coordinate-measuring machine | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572891-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided%20inspection | Computer-aided inspection | References | Computer-aided inspection (CAI) is the use of software tools to assess manufactured objects. It is closely related to computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Its primary purpose is to allow engineers to more quickly and precisely assess the physical properties of manufactured objects. These properties can include dimensions, material consistency, roughness and roundness. | Category:Computer-aided design
Category:Metrology | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Computer-aided design",
"Metrology"
] |
projected-23572896-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chautauqua%20Lake%20Yacht%20Club | Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club | Introduction | The Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club (CLYC) is a private yacht club located in Lakewood, New York, on the south shore of Chautauqua Lake. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1894 establishments in New York (state)",
"Buildings and structures in Chautauqua County, New York",
"Sailing in New York (state)",
"Yacht clubs in the United States"
] | |
projected-23572896-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chautauqua%20Lake%20Yacht%20Club | Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club | Fleets | The Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club (CLYC) is a private yacht club located in Lakewood, New York, on the south shore of Chautauqua Lake. | The club was a powerhouse of the Snipe International Class, and still holds number 124 in the listing of Snipe fleets around the world. In that class, CLYC hosted the world championship in 1946, the North Americans in 1979, and the Nationals in 1949, 1958 and 1966, while producing two SCIRA Commodores: Harold Griffith (1949) and Edward "Red" Garfield (1960).
CLYC is now home of the following fleets:
E-Scow
Laser
Optimist | [] | [
"Fleets"
] | [
"1894 establishments in New York (state)",
"Buildings and structures in Chautauqua County, New York",
"Sailing in New York (state)",
"Yacht clubs in the United States"
] |
projected-23572896-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chautauqua%20Lake%20Yacht%20Club | Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club | Sailors | The Chautauqua Lake Yacht Club (CLYC) is a private yacht club located in Lakewood, New York, on the south shore of Chautauqua Lake. | Leslie Larson won the 1959 Snipe Junior National Championship along with his crew, Jim Lenna, and the National Championship in 1962 with his father Victor Larson (who had been second himself in 1946). | [] | [
"Sailors"
] | [
"1894 establishments in New York (state)",
"Buildings and structures in Chautauqua County, New York",
"Sailing in New York (state)",
"Yacht clubs in the United States"
] |
projected-26716213-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving%20at%20the%202010%20South%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%2010%20m%20platform | Diving at the 2010 South American Games – Men's 10 m platform | Introduction | The Men's 10m Platform event at the 2010 South American Games was held on March 23 at 14:00. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Diving at the 2010 South American Games"
] | |
projected-26716213-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving%20at%20the%202010%20South%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%2010%20m%20platform | Diving at the 2010 South American Games – Men's 10 m platform | References | The Men's 10m Platform event at the 2010 South American Games was held on March 23 at 14:00. | Summary
10m M | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Diving at the 2010 South American Games"
] |
projected-17328047-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Introduction | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] | |
projected-17328047-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | History | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | Alberta's first energy regulatory body was created in 1938. A succession of agencies led to the new ERCB being established 1 January 2008, as a result of the realignment of the Alberta Energy and Utilities Board (EUB) into the ERCB and the Alberta Utilities Commission. The ERCB also includes the Alberta Geological Survey.
In October 2008, ERCB was named one of Alberta's Top Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc., which was announced by the Calgary Herald and the Edmonton Journal. | [] | [
"History"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Alberta Energy Regulator | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | Alberta Energy Regulator is a corporation created by the Responsible Energy Development Act passed on 10 December 2012 and proclaimed on 17 June 2013, in the Alberta Legislature, operating at arm's length from the Government of Alberta, under an appointed board of directors headed by Chair, Gerry Protti and CEO Jim Ellis, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes. On 17 June 2013, all regulatory functions previously carried out by the Energy Resources Conservation Board were taken over by the Alberta Energy Regulator.
Alberta Energy Regulator is "100 per cent funded by industry and is authorized to collect funds through an administrative fee levied on oil and gas wells, oil sands mines, and coal mines. The industry-funded model is commonly used by regulatory agencies from various sectors across North America." AER has "an annual budget of more than $165 million, more than "1000 staff working in 13 locations across Alberta." Alberta Energy Regulator "regulates approximately - 181,000 active wells, 27,800 oil facilities and 20,000 gas facilities, and 405,000 kilometres (km) of pipelines." AER also "considers some 36 800 applications for energy development every year."
In December 2012, the Responsible Energy Development Act passed in the Alberta Legislature. Alberta Energy Regulator is mandated under the Act, to direct and oversee "the orderly transition from the Energy Resources Conservation Act to the Responsible Energy Development Act. Under this act, the newly formed Alberta Energy Regulator, will "bring together the regulatory functions from the Energy Resources Conservation Board and the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Resource Development into a one-stop shop." The Alberta Energy Regulator is now "responsible for all projects from application to reclamation." They will respond to project proponents, landowners and industry regarding energy regulations in Alberta. The Alberta Energy Regulator was phased in during June 2013. Responsible Energy Development Act gave the Alberta Energy Regulator "the authority to administer the Public Lands Act, the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act and the Water Act, with regards to energy development." The Alberta Energy Regulator will enforce environmental laws and issue environmental and water permits, responsibilities formerly the mandate of Alberta Environment.
Gerry Protti, appointed by Energy Minister Ken Hughes, on 18 June 2013, as chair of the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER), that will regulate oil, gas and coal development in Alberta, was a former executive with Encana, the founding president of the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) and spent many years as lobbyist for the Energy Policy Institute of Canada. Jim Ellis, a former deputy minister in environment and energy, was appointed as CEO by the Lieutenant Governor
in Council.
In the past the Energy Resources Conservation Board and Alberta Environment conducted investigations differently. Alberta Surface Rights Group, the United Landowners of Alberta, First Nations, farmers and ranchers have expressed concerns about the streamlining of regulatory processes that may benefit oil and gas industries at their expense.
According to their brochure the Alberta Energy Regulator "ensures the safe, efficient, orderly, and environmentally responsible development of hydrocarbon resources over their entire life cycle. This includes allocating and conserving water resources, managing public lands, and protecting the environment while providing economic benefits for all Albertans." | [] | [
"History",
"Alberta Energy Regulator"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Scope | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | The ERCB regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of oil, natural gas, oil sands, and coal, and as well as the pipelines to move the resources to market.
Regulation was done through two core functions: adjudication and regulation, and information and knowledge. ERCB approval must have been given at almost every step of an energy project's life. | [] | [
"Scope"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Governance | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | To maintain its autonomous structure, the ERCB answered directly to the Executive Council (Cabinet) of Alberta through the Minister of Energy, but it made its formal decisions independently in accordance with the six statutes it administers. | [] | [
"Governance"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Organization structure | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | The ERCB was led by a Board of eight people: a Chairman and Board Members. Supporting the Chairman and Board Members was the Executive Committee, and approximately 900 staff who worked in eight main branches: | [] | [
"Organization structure"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Applications | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch, made up of three groups, provided a streamlined approach to processing some 40 000 energy development applications each year. The Facilities Group handled project reviews, audits, and approvals related to new or modified oil and gas facilities, such as wells, pipelines, batteries, and gas plants. The Resource Group dealt with applications and issues related to development and conservation projects for oil, gas, and coal. The Business Operations and Development Group managed the coordination of administrative support, approvals development, planning, objections, and hearings. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Applications"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Field surveillance and operations | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch provided technical and operational expertise in the development, application, and enforcement of regulatory requirements for conventional and nonconventional resources. The branch ensured that oil and gas operations are conducted in a safe and responsible manner through incident response, resource conservation, protection of the environment, and industry liability management. Operating from Field Centres across Alberta, field staff inspected construction, operation, and abandonment operations at oil, gas, and oil sands facilities and respond to emergencies and public concerns on a 24-hour basis. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Field surveillance and operations"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-008 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Corporate support | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch incorporated several groups. Human Resources provides services and programs to ensure that a competent and committed workforce was in place to achieve ERCB goals and objectives. The Communications Group developed strategic communication, consultation strategies and delivers related media, Web site, and document services to keep staff and stakeholders informed about ERCB activities. Administrative Services provided building, library, and printing services. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Corporate support"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Finance | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch provided revenue and expenditure management and administration of the industry funding levy. In addition, staff coordinated the preparation of the ERCB's three-year business plan and performance reporting. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Finance"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Information and systems services | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch was responsible for ERCB information systems, support, and technological infrastructure, with a focus on new ways to deliver electronic commerce. Another core area was the collection and dissemination of energy resource information, including oil and gas production. This information was also used to determine provincial royalties, well records, regulatory publications, maps, and various energy databases. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Information and systems services"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Law | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch provided a wide range of legal advice and services to the organization, with a focus on procedural fairness and objectivity. Its responsibilities included application and regulatory policy, hearings, proceedings, related internal and external consultations, and the formulation of energy regulations and legislation. The branch administered intervener funding and led a key advisory committee that advises the Board on decisions and policy matters. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Law"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-012 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Geology, environmental science, and economics | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | This branch maintained an integrated and current inventory of Alberta's subsurface energy, mineral, and other resources in a geological framework. It provided knowledge, advice, and forecasts about the states of earth-energy resource development in the context of Alberta's environment, economy, and society. The branch also developed and supported regulatory processes and best practices to conserve earth-energy resources, maintains environmental quality, assures public safety, and guides informed risk taking in regulatory and policy decisions. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Geology, environmental science, and economics"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Oil Sands | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | The Oil Sands Branch had overall responsibility for how the ERCB regulated oil sands activities in Alberta. The branch comprised the Mineable Oil Sands Group, which looked after oil sands developments that use mining recovery technology as well as bitumen upgrading, and the In Situ Oil Sands Group, which focused on developments using recovery technology involving subsurface or in situ recovery methods. Collaborating with other ERCB branches, the Oil Sands Branch took the lead on processing applications, conducting surveillance and enforcement of approved projects, and carrying out geological assessments as they apply to the oil sands.
In their 2012 report ECRB cautioned that oil sands operators failed to convert their tailings ponds into deposits suitable for reclamation in a timely fashion, as proposed in their project applications. "The volume of fluid tailings, and the area required to hold fluid tailings, continued to grow, and the reclamation of tailings ponds was further delayed." ECRB follows the industry wide directive, Directive 074, the first of its kind, which sets out the "industry-wide requirements for tailings management," requiring "operators to commit resources to research, develop, and implement fluid tailings reduction technologies and to commit to tailings management and progressive reclamation as operational priorities that are integrated with mine planning and bitumen production activities." The Government of Alberta is setting up a Tailings Management Framework to complement and expand Directive 074's policies to "ensure that fluid fine tailings are reclaimed as quickly as possible and that current inventories are reduced."
On 12 June 2013 the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo after many days of heavy rain, declared a state of emergency. The flood conditions lasted from June 10–18, 2013. It was the first of many communities to do so in Alberta during the 2013 floods. Wood Buffalo authorities organised evacuations from some areas and placed others in boil water advisories as local waterways, such as the Hangingstone River, rose to dangerously high levels. | [] | [
"Organization structure",
"Oil Sands"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Energy applications | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | An application was a request by a company for ERCB approval—in the form of a licence, order, permit, or approval—for an energy project. Most energy-related projects require ERCB approval. Each year tens of thousands of applications were reviewed and approved by the ERCB.
The ERCB also played a vital environmental protection role by reviewing flaring permits, oilfield waste disposal facilities, drilling waste practices, and emergency response plans.
ERCB approval for a facility or project was considered to be routine if an application was complete, there were no landowner objections, and the company applying had met all technical, safety, public consultation, and environmental requirements. The turnaround time for a complete and well-prepared routine application could be as short as one day.
Some projects required input from other government departments. The ERCB passed such applications to Alberta Environment, which handles distribution to other departments. This "one-window" approach meant that applicants did not have to go to each government department for individual review and approval. The general rule was that each government department checks that a specific proposal meets its own regulations and standards and then forwards any deficiencies or concerns to the ERCB via Alberta Environment.
Nonroutine applications took more time—weeks, or even months—to process if there were landowner objections, community and environmental concerns, or objections from competing companies. Objections to applications may also have been resolved through facilitation, mediation, or negotiated settlements approved by the Board. However, any unresolved matter or objection related to an application may have proceeded to an ERCB hearing. | [] | [
"Energy applications"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-015 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Major publications | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | ERCB. 2011-06. "ST98-2011 Alberta’s Energy Reserves 2010 and Supply/Demand Outlook 2011–2020"
ERCB. 2011-04. "Big Reserves, Big Responsibility: Developing Alberta’s Oil Sands"
ERCB. 2009. "Directive 074: Tailings Performance Criteria and Requirements for Oil Sands Mining Schemes."
ERCB. 2008. "Directive 073: Requirements for Inspection and Compliance of Oil Sands Mining and Processing Plant Operations in the Oil Sands Mining Area." | [] | [
"Major publications"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-17328047-016 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Resources%20Conservation%20Board | Energy Resources Conservation Board | Hearings | The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB) was an independent, quasi-judicial agency of the Government of Alberta. It regulated the safe, responsible, and efficient development of Alberta's energy resources: oil, natural gas, oil sands, coal, and pipelines. Led by eight Board members, the ERCB's team of engineers, geologists, technicians, economists, and other professionals served Albertans from thirteen locations across the province.
The ERCB's mission was to ensure that the discovery, development, and delivery of Alberta's energy resources took place in a manner that was fair, responsible and in the public interest.
The ERCB adjudicated and regulated matters related to energy within Alberta to ensure that the development, transportation, and monitoring of the province's energy resources were in the public interest. The Board provided this assurance of the public interest through its activities in the application and hearing process, regulation, monitoring, and surveillance and enforcement.
The information and knowledge responsibility of the Board included the collection, storage, analysis, appraisal, dissemination and stakeholder awareness of information. Open access to information developed awareness, understanding and responsible behavior and allowed the Board and stakeholders to make informed decisions about energy and utility matters. This responsibility would result in the Board discharging its advisory role with respect to matters under the jurisdiction of the Board.
The Government of Alberta owns about 80% of the province's mineral rights, such as oil, natural gas, coal, and the oil sands. In other words, most resources are owned by the people of Alberta through their government. While private companies can develop these resources, the ERCB was authorized by the government to protect the public's interest relating to the discovery, development, and delivery of these resources. Regulation was needed so that non-renewable resources were produced in a safe, responsible, and efficient manner, without waste.
The ERCB also ensured that everyone affected by development had a chance to be heard. When conflicts regarding development remained unresolved between companies and landowners, the ERCB worked to settle the issues in a fair and balanced manner.
In 1996, the Alberta Geological Survey (AGS) joined the ERCB. AGS assisted the ERCB by providing data, information, knowledge and advice about the geology of Alberta. | An ERCB hearing was a formal process that provided an important opportunity for different points of view about an energy project to be aired in a fair and orderly forum. A hearing allowed for an open, public testing of technical, environmental, social, and economic evidence from those involved. The process ensured that all relevant arguments for and against the energy facility project are heard.
ERCB hearings were held when the ERCB received an objection from a person who may have been directly and adversely affected by a proposed project. Applications filed may have created community concern or a need for more information; however, these matters were often settled through an Appropriate Dispute Resolution (ADR) process. When matters were settled through ADR or there were no public concerns and objections, there was no need for a hearing. The Board would also dismiss objections if the person does not appear to be directly or adversely affected.
The ERCB mailed a Notice of Hearing to inform people and organizations affected by an application about the hearing. The Notice of Hearing may have been published in daily and/or weekly newspapers.
Hearing notices were available on the ERCB Web site. Companies involved in large projects usually held an open house to explain their proposed project, answer citizens' questions, and address the community's concerns.
The Notice of Hearing provided interested parties with the following information:
date, time, and location of the hearing,
application number and nature of the application,
a contact for the company that filed the application,
ERCB information,
the due date for filing objections or interventions, and
a statement that all material relating to the proceeding is subject to Alberta's Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy legislation.
An ERCB hearing followed a formal process to ensure that everyone had a say:
Opening Remarks: The panel chair explains the purpose of the hearing and introduces the members of the panel and all ERCB staff in the room. Then participants in the hearing register an appearance, coming forward and introducing themselves.
Preliminary Matters: Procedural and legal matters are presented, such as adjournment requests or the scheduling of a specific witness at a particular time.
Applicant (Application): The applicant presents its case and may question its own witnesses. Then interveners, ERCB staff, and the Board panel may cross-examine those witnesses. Once cross-examinations are complete, the applicant may question the witnesses again to clarify any issues that arose.
Interveners: Interveners next present their cases in the same order they registered. After the intervener gives direct evidence, the lawyer for the applicant may cross-examine, followed by the other interveners who wish to cross-examine. ERCB staff and panel members may then cross-examine the intervener. Following cross-examination, the intervener is entitled to clarify any matters that arose.
Rebuttal Evidence by Applicant: Once the above process is complete with all the interveners and their witnesses, the applicant may submit additional evidence to address new points raised by interveners' evidence.
Final Argument or Summation: Each participant may provide an explanation of what he or she believes are the important aspects of the issues involved and what decisions they feel the panel should make. The applicant may respond to interveners' arguments.
Closing of Hearing: The panel chair announces the hearing is completed and that the decision of the panel and the reasons for it will be given at a later date. | [] | [
"Hearings"
] | [
"Alberta government departments and agencies",
"Organizations based in Edmonton",
"Energy regulatory authorities",
"Regulators of Canada"
] |
projected-26716243-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Una%20Mestiza | Una Mestiza | Introduction | The Una Mestiza ("A Mestiza"), sometimes referred to as La Mestiza ("The Mestiza"), is an 1887 painting by Filipino painter and hero Juan Luna. The masterpiece is also known as La mestiza en su tocador which translates into English as The Mestiza at Her Dressing Table or Mestiza Lady at Her Dresser. Una Mestiza is also alternately called Charing. Coincidentally, this alternate title is the nickname of Luna's sister-in-law Rosario Melgar. Luna donated Una Mestiza to the Biblioteca Museu Victor Balaguer (Victor Balaguer Library Museum) of Vilanova i la Geltrú in the province of Barcelona in Spain. The Una Mestiza painting won an award at the Exposicion General de las Filipinas (Philippine General Exposition). | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1887 paintings",
"Paintings by Juan Luna",
"Paintings in Spain"
] | |
projected-26716243-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Una%20Mestiza | Una Mestiza | References | The Una Mestiza ("A Mestiza"), sometimes referred to as La Mestiza ("The Mestiza"), is an 1887 painting by Filipino painter and hero Juan Luna. The masterpiece is also known as La mestiza en su tocador which translates into English as The Mestiza at Her Dressing Table or Mestiza Lady at Her Dresser. Una Mestiza is also alternately called Charing. Coincidentally, this alternate title is the nickname of Luna's sister-in-law Rosario Melgar. Luna donated Una Mestiza to the Biblioteca Museu Victor Balaguer (Victor Balaguer Library Museum) of Vilanova i la Geltrú in the province of Barcelona in Spain. The Una Mestiza painting won an award at the Exposicion General de las Filipinas (Philippine General Exposition). | Category:1887 paintings
Category:Paintings by Juan Luna
Category:Paintings in Spain | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1887 paintings",
"Paintings by Juan Luna",
"Paintings in Spain"
] |
projected-26716282-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtenay%20station | Courtenay station | Introduction | Courtenay Station is a former railway station in downtown Courtenay, British Columbia. The station was the northern terminus for the Dayliner Via Rail service that ended in 2011. | [] | [
"Introduction"
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"Via Rail stations in British Columbia",
"Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia",
"Courtenay, British Columbia",
"Railway stations closed in 2011",
"2011 disestablishments in British Columbia",
"Disused railway stations in Canada"
] | |
projected-26716282-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtenay%20station | Courtenay station | History | Courtenay Station is a former railway station in downtown Courtenay, British Columbia. The station was the northern terminus for the Dayliner Via Rail service that ended in 2011. | Courtenay Station was built in 1914 when the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway reached Courtenay. It was originally supposed to be a stop along the line to Campbell River, however, due to World War I the line only went as far as Courtenay.
The former Canadian Pacific Railway station was given heritage status by the City of Courtenay in 2002. | [] | [
"History"
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"Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia",
"Courtenay, British Columbia",
"Railway stations closed in 2011",
"2011 disestablishments in British Columbia",
"Disused railway stations in Canada"
] |
projected-26716282-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtenay%20station | Courtenay station | Closure | Courtenay Station is a former railway station in downtown Courtenay, British Columbia. The station was the northern terminus for the Dayliner Via Rail service that ended in 2011. | The station was closed indefinitely on March 19, 2011 due to track maintenance. However, due to a lack of funding the line was replaced with a bus service, and on August 7, 2011, the station closed. Service was supposed to start in summer 2015, but this was also cancelled due to lack of funding. | [
"Former Canadian Pacific Railway Station (front).jpg"
] | [
"Closure"
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"Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia",
"Courtenay, British Columbia",
"Railway stations closed in 2011",
"2011 disestablishments in British Columbia",
"Disused railway stations in Canada"
] |
projected-26716282-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtenay%20station | Courtenay station | References | Courtenay Station is a former railway station in downtown Courtenay, British Columbia. The station was the northern terminus for the Dayliner Via Rail service that ended in 2011. | Category:Via Rail stations in British Columbia
Category:Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia
Category:Courtenay, British Columbia
Category:Railway stations closed in 2011
Category:2011 disestablishments in British Columbia
Category:Disused railway stations in Canada | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Via Rail stations in British Columbia",
"Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia",
"Courtenay, British Columbia",
"Railway stations closed in 2011",
"2011 disestablishments in British Columbia",
"Disused railway stations in Canada"
] |
projected-26716311-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Introduction | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] | |
projected-26716311-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Early life | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | Mares started his working life as a toolmaker in Prague, and was exceptionally skilled in this area, reaching the rank of Toolmaker First Class prior to the Prague Spring of 1968. Mares recalled going to work one morning during this time to find several tanks parked outside the factory at which he worked. It was during this time that Mares' tools were stolen, leaving him with a debt to the state that had to be paid off. Mares and another toolmaker worked nights until the debt was paid, and he then decided to leave Czechoslovakia and emigrate. | [] | [
"Early life"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | In Australia | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | Once in Australia, Mares worked in several different locations, including Darwin and Broome. Mares worked in his own workshop at Macclesfield, South Australia producing furniture and sculpture from 1975 onwards. In 1979, Mares completed a Diploma in Art and Craft in South Australia. He was a skilled carpenter, and in addition to building his house in Macclesfield he also built a house in Goolwa. During this time through personal travels and experiences, Mares developed his own unique style of work, which was manifested in several furniture designs and some sculptures. His rate of work was prolific, and his daughter recalled that he was always working in his workshop from early morning to dusk. | [] | [
"Early life",
"In Australia"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Study travels | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | Mares travelled extensively early in his career, and the inspiration from his travels is evident in his styles of work. Between 1973 and 1974, Mares did a formative study trip through Europe and Asia, including Indonesia (Flores), India, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan. In 1990, Mares traveled to Europe to undertake a study of furniture design in Prague and Paris. Mares travelled back to Prague in 2004 and in 2007. | [] | [
"Study travels"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Solo exhibitions | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | During his life, Mares exhibited a total of 17 times between 1984 and 2006. In addition to this, Mares' work was exhibited after he lost his battle to lymphoma in March 2008. | [] | [
"Solo exhibitions"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Group exhibitions | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | In addition to his solo exhibitions, Mares' work was exhibited as part of over 25 group exhibitions both in South Australia and Melbourne. | [] | [
"Group exhibitions"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Final years | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | Despite being diagnosed with cancer in 2002, Mares continued to produce a large amount of sculptures, tables and Kachinas. A large amount of his work remains unseen by the public.
Ondrej Mares died in hospital on 19 March 2008. He was cremated shortly after his death. | [] | [
"Final years"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-26716311-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondrej%20Mares | Ondrej Mares | Featuring publications | Ondrej Mares (11 February 1949 – 19 March 2008) was an Australian artist and furniture designer who lived in Macclesfield, South Australia. His work has been exhibited in Adelaide, Sydney and Prague. Mares is most famous for his Kachina pieces. In 2002, he was diagnosed with cancer, which had the effect of shifting his focus from larger pieces to smaller more compact pieces. Also, clues to his sickness manifested in later works, such as his Kachina titled 'Stem Cells'. Mares' work has been described as "jamming as much experience, humour and detail into each of his arte povera pieces, usually about high, as is aesthetically possible." | Masters of Their Craft, Dr Noris Ioannou, 1997
Monument Magazine Number 16, 1997
Modern Australian Furniture, M. Bofle and P. Landman 1994 | [] | [
"Featuring publications"
] | [
"1949 births",
"2008 deaths",
"20th-century Australian sculptors",
"Australian artists",
"Australian contemporary artists",
"Czech artists",
"21st-century Australian sculptors"
] |
projected-06900146-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Introduction | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] | |
projected-06900146-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Formation, early years, first record (1990–1996) | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | The band formed in 1990 when high school friends Mike (vocals) and Chad (drums) were joined by guitarist Renee, whom they had met through a musician wanted ad. Their first bassist was a friend of Renee's named Brendan. The new group named themselves the Blanks after finding their minds blank as to what to name the band. Shortly thereafter, another band informed them that the Blanks name was already taken; to avoid conflict, they added '77 to their name in reference to punk rock's canonically accepted year of origin.
The original line-up remained until Brendan left in 1992. He was replaced by Geoff Kresge, who left the band after a six-month tenure to rejoin his band AFI. (Kresge would later go on to play in Tiger Army and HorrorPops.) He was replaced in Blanks 77 by Tim from the Broken Heroes, who began performing live with the band after a single rehearsal. The band recorded their first album, Killer Blanks, which was released first in Germany on the Nasty Vinyl label in 1995, and in the U.S. a year later in 1996 on Radical Records with four extra tracks. | [] | [
"History",
"Formation, early years, first record (1990–1996)"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900146-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Further releases, lineup changes and breakup (1997–2001) | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | In 1997 Blanks 77 released a second album, Tanked and Pogoed. Chad left the band in late 1997 and was replaced by Paul Russo from the Unseen, who filled in for two tours; the group ultimately settled on drummer Kid Lynch (formerly of Warzone and SFA). Their third full-length, C.B.H., was released in 1998.
After an ill-fated tour in 1999, the band began to dissolve, finally doing so in 2001 upon Renee's departure. Mike, Tim and Chad formed The S.D.A.B.s (Sex Drugs Alcohol Band), while Renee, Lynch and longtime roadie Dean Digaetano formed Dean Dean and the Sex Machines who released an LP. Renee also joined the long-standing founding street punk group U.S. Chaos, replacing her deceased brother in the band. Tim went on to play bass, and then later became the guitarist, for the New York hardcore punk band Murphy's Law, as well as continuing with the Broken Heroes. | [] | [
"History",
"Further releases, lineup changes and breakup (1997–2001)"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900146-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Reformation (2004–present) | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | In 2004, Blanks 77 reunited around the "classic lineup" of Mike, Renee, Tim, and Chad. Although they ceased extensive touring, they remained active on the East Coast while playing occasional West Coast concerts. In 2015 Blanks 77 joined the Jailhouse Records label which released, Gettin' Blasted, a ten-song split 12" release with fellow New Jersey band the Parasitix on April 29, 2016. | [] | [
"History",
"Reformation (2004–present)"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900146-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Current members | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | Mike Blank – vocals (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Renee Wasted – guitar (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Chad 77 – drums (1990–1997, 2004–present)
Tim "TJ" Blank – bass (1992–2001, 2004–present) | [] | [
"Members",
"Current members"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900146-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Past members | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | Brendan – bass (1990–1992)
Geoff Kresge – bass (1993)
Paul Russo – drums (1997–1998)
Kid Lynch – drums (1998–2000) | [] | [
"Members",
"Past members"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900146-009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Tapes, 7"s, & EP's | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos. | 1991: It's punk rock!! (Greenearth tapes)
1992: Live Punks (Self-Released)
1992: Unite + Pogo!! E.P. (Vandal Children Records)
1992: Destroy Your Generation (Headache Records)
1993: Up The System (Quality Of Life)
1993: Shut Up And Pogo (Self-Released)
1993: Blanks 77 / Forklift (Split 7" w/Forklift) (Vandal Children Records)
1995: 7/7/94 (The Riviera - Chicago, IL) (V.M.L. Records)
1995: Blanks 77 / Fuckin' Faces (Split 7" w/Fuckin' Faces) (Höhnie Records/Nasty Vinyl)
1995: Live On KDVS...Its...Blanks 77 (Self-Released)
1995: Punks 'N Skins (Headache Records)
1995: Dumpster Diving At The Abortion Clinic / Let's Riot (Split 7" w/Quincy Punx) (Turkey Baster Records)
1995: Shooting Blanks / Blanks 77 (Split 7" w/Submachine) (Six Weeks Records)
1996: Speed 5 (Headache Records)
1997: I Wanna Be A Punk (Radical Records)
1997: Drunk at the Karaoke Bar (Split 7" w/The Showcase Showdown) (Tario Records)
1997: Truck Stop Toilet (Split 7" w/Anti-Heros) (Taang Records)
????: An Evening Of Decadence And Revolution (Self-Released)
Studio albums
1995: Killer Blanks (German Release-Nasty Vinyl)
1996: Killer Blanks (US Release-Radical Records)
1997: Tanked and Pogoed - Radical Records
1998: C.B.H. - Radical Records
2016: Gettin' Blasted - Jailhouse Records
Compilation appearances
1991: Panx Vinyl Zine 11 (Song: "Jehovah's Witness")
1994: Court Metrage (Song: "They")
1994: Pogo Attack (Songs: "Search & Destroy", "Get Out Alive")
1994: Punk Will Never Die! - World Compilation 1994 (Songs: "Political Violence", "Jehova's Witness")
1994: Songs About Drinking (Song: "Party Train")
1994: A Vile Compilation (Songs: "My World", "Police Attack")
1995: Oi! / Skampilation Vol. #1 (Song: "Let's Riot")
1995: Ox-Compilation #19 - Heavenly Tunes (Song: "We're The Ones")
1995: Kickstart - Nov 95 (Songs: "We Don't Need You", "Party Train")
1995: Spinnin' The Chamber (Songs: "Final Solution", "Next Generation")
1995: Vitaminepillen#4 Sampler (Song: "Search & Destroy")
1996: One Big Happy Slampit (Song: "Tensions")
1996: Oi!/Skampilation Vol #2: Skalloween (Songs: "Up The System", "Final Solution")
1996: For A Few Crash Helmets More (Song: "Bastards")
1996: Ox-Compilation #22 - Angst! (Song: "Police Attack")
1996: Tollschock 3 (Song: "Do Or Die")
1996: Wood Panel Pacer Wagon With Mags (Song: "10 Seconds")
1996: World Wild Wanderers (Song: "We Don't Need You")
1996: Shut Up And Pogo! (A Nasty Punk Rock Compilation) (Songs: "Police Attack", "Tensions")
1996: Axhandle Punk Compilation (Song: "Political Violence")
1997: We Will Fall: The Iggy Pop Tribute (Cover of "Funtime")
1997: On The Streets (Song: "Chelsea Girl")
1997: Songs For The Witching Season (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
1997: When The Punks & Skins Go Marching In ... #2 (Song: "Just Another")
1998: The Sound Of Rebellion (Songs: "Police Attack", "Stick", "Static")
1998: Welcome To Ground Zero (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1998: Punks, Skins & Rude Boys Now! Vol. 1 (Songs: "Punx And Skinz", "Next Generation")
1998: What Were We Fighting for? (cover of "Too Drunk To Fuck")
1999: A Tribute To The Exploited - Punk's Not Dead (Cover of "Punk's Not Dead")
1999: Victims Of The Modern Age (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1999: Capitol Radio (Song: "I Don't Wanna Be")
1999: Grease: The Not So Original Soundtrack From The Motion Picture (Cover of "Hound Dog")
1999: Smells Like Bleach: A Tribute to Nirvana (cover of "Smells Like Teen Spirit")
2000: Never Mind the Sex Pistols, Here's the Tribute (cover of '"Anarchy in the UK")
2000: Punked Up Love (Song: "C.B.H.")
2000: Faux Pas Potpourri - Very Small Records '93-'99 (Song: "Party Train")
2000: Disarming Violence (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
2001: Ramones Maniacs (cover of "Bonzo Goes to Bitburg")
2001: Nasty Vinyl Sucks - 10 Years Of Chaos (Song: "Next Generation")
2001: Hurt Your Feelings - Six Weeks Records Sampler (Song: "Corruption")
2002: Interference Records Compilation (Song: "She's Gone")
2009: Born To Lose: A Tribute To Johnny Thunders (Song: "London Boys"
2018: Tribute To The Wretched Ones (Song: "Primadonna")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 8 (Song: "Hound Dog")
????: Happy Little Trees - A Tribute To Bob Ross (Song: "Void")
????: Kaos... To The Third Degree (Song: "Void")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 4 (Song: "Political Violence")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 5 (Song: "Police Attack")
????: Best Of The Best:A Punk Rock Compilation'' (Cover of "Blitzkrieg Bop") | [] | [
"Discography",
"Tapes, 7\"s, & EP's"
] | [
"Punk rock groups from New Jersey",
"People from Hillside, New Jersey"
] |
projected-06900149-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crossword%20Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher | Introduction | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher is the forty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1967 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1967 American novels",
"1967 children's books",
"Novels set in Peru",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] | |
projected-06900149-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crossword%20Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher | Plot | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher is the forty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1967 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams. | A woman named Carla Ponce invites Nancy, Bess, and George to Peru to help decipher the mystery in the crossword cipher—a wooden plaque that promises to lead them to a wonderful treasure. Nancy must find the treasure before a gang of thieves led by El Gato (The Cat) reach it first. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1967 American novels",
"1967 children's books",
"Novels set in Peru",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] |
projected-06900149-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crossword%20Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher | See also | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher is the forty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1967 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams. | Nazca lines
Category:Nancy Drew books
Category:1967 American novels
Category:1967 children's books
Category:Novels set in Peru
Category:Grosset & Dunlap books
Category:Children's mystery novels | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Nancy Drew books",
"1967 American novels",
"1967 children's books",
"Novels set in Peru",
"Grosset & Dunlap books",
"Children's mystery novels"
] |
projected-26716371-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerzy%20Domaradzki | Jerzy Domaradzki | Introduction | Jerzy Domaradzki (born 6 January 1943, in Lwów, occupied Poland) is a Polish-born film director based in Australia. He is most closely associated with Poland's film industry.
Following his 1974 graduation from the National Film School in Łódź, Domaradzki got his start working as an assistant and second unit director. He then worked with Andrzej Wajda for the "X" film unit. Director of movies Bestia (1979), Wielki bieg (1981), Planeta krawiec (1983), Biały smok (1987), Łuk Erosa (1987).
His Australian Productions include Struck by Lightning (1990), Lilian's Story (1996).
In addition to his movie career, Domaradzki also directs television, documentary, and theatrical productions. In the late '80s, he moved to Australia and in 1988 was appointed director-in-residence at the Australian Film, Television and Radio School in Sydney. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1943 births",
"Living people",
"Polish film directors",
"Australian film directors",
"Film people from Lviv",
"Polish expatriates in Australia"
] | |
projected-23572897-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | Introduction | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] | |
projected-23572897-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | Early origins | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | In his 1978 book, A History of White Magic, recognised occult author Gareth Knight traces the origins of white magic to early adaptations of paleolithic religion and early religious history in general, including the polytheistic traditions of Ancient Egypt and the later monotheistic ideas of Judaism and early Christianity.
In particular, he traced many of the traditions of white magic to the early worship of local "gods and goddesses of fertility and vegetation who were usually worshipped at hill-top shrines" and were "attractive to a nomadic race settling down to an agricultural existence". He focuses in particular on the nomadic Hebrew-speaking tribes and suggests that early Jews saw the worship of such deities more in terms of atavism than evil. It was only when the polytheistic and pagan Roman Empire began to expand that Jewish leaders began to rally against those ideas.
Early origins of white magic can also be traced back to the Cunning Folk. | [] | [
"History",
"Early origins"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-23572897-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | During the Renaissance | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | By the late 15th century, natural magic "had become much discussed in high-cultural circles". "Followers" of Marsilio Ficino advocated the existence of spiritual beings and spirits in general, though many such theories ran counter to the ideas of the later Age of Enlightenment. While Ficino and his supporters were treated with hostility by the Roman Catholic Church, the Church itself also acknowledged the existence of such beings; such acknowledgement was the crux of campaigns against witchcraft. Ficino, though, theorised a "purely natural" magic that did not require the invocation of spirits, malevolent or malicious. In doing so, he came into conflict with Johannes Trithemius who refused to believe in Ficino's theory but created spells and incantations of his own related to beneficial communication with spirits. His works, including the Steganographia, were not published until the 17th century and were then immediately placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum where they remained until the 20th century. Trithemius' "disciple" Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa was responsible for publishing some of his work and in turn created his own. His work included the De occulta philosophia libri tres which contained an outline of, among other things, classical elements, numerology, astrology and kabbalah and detailed ways of utilizing these relationships and laws in medicine, scrying, alchemy and rituals and ceremonies. Giambattista della Porta expanded on many of these ideas in his Magia Naturalis.
It is the coming-together of these ideas - early "natural" religions and later philosophical thinking - that Knight suggests is "at the root of the Western tradition of white magic". Also at the root of white magic are symbols and religious symbolism in particular. The star, Knight gives as example, was of critical importance to Jewish tradition and then to early Christians (like the Star of David) and to later Masonic tradition and Neo-paganism. It continues to be of importance of white magic practitioners in the form of the pentagram and night-time ritual.
Zambelli goes further and suggests that white magic, though then not specifically distinct from its counterpart black magic, grew as the more acceptable form of occult and pagan study in the era of the Inquisition and anti-witchcraft sentiment. If black magic was that which involved Trithemius' invocation of demons, Ficino's "purely natural" white magic could be framed as the study of "natural" phenomena in general with no evil or irreligious intent whatsoever. Zambelli places academics like Giordano Bruno in this category of "clandestine" practitioners of magic. | [] | [
"History",
"During the Renaissance"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-23572897-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | Modern interpretations | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | In his 2009 book, Magic and Alchemy, Robert M. Place provides a broad modern definition of both black and white magic, preferring instead to refer to them as "high magic" (white) and "low magic" (black) based primarily on intentions of the practitioner employing them. His modern definition maintains that the purpose of white magic is to "do good" or to "bring the practitioner to a higher spiritual state" of enlightenment or consciousness. He acknowledges, though, that this broader definition (of "high" and "low") suffers from prejudices as good-intentioned folk magic may be considered "low" while ceremonial magic involving expensive or exclusive components may be considered by some as "high magic", regardless of intent.
According to Place, effectively all prehistoric shamanistic magic was "helping" white magic and thus the basic essence of that magic forms the framework of modern white magic: curing illness or injury, divining the future or interpreting dreams, finding lost items, appeasing spirits, controlling weather or harvest and generating good luck or well-being. | [] | [
"Modern interpretations"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-23572897-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | Goddess worship | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | Though not exclusively a female pursuit, modern white magic is often associated with stereotypically feminine concepts like that of a Mother goddess, fae, nature spirits, oneness with nature and goddess worship. In modern stories or fairy tales, the idea of "white witchcraft" is often associated with a kindly grandmother or caring motherly spirit. The link between white magic and a Mother Earth is a regular theme of practitioner Marian Green's written work. | [] | [
"Goddess worship"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-23572897-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | See also | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | Gray magic
Renaissance magic
Theurgy
Western esotericism | [] | [
"See also"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-23572897-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20magic | White magic | References | White magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers or magic for selfless purposes. Practitioners of white magic have been given titles such as wise men or women, healers, white witches or wizards. Many of these people claimed to have the ability to do such things because of knowledge or power that was passed on to them through hereditary lines, or by some event later in their lives. White magic was practiced through healing, blessing, charms, incantations, prayers, and songs. White magic is the benevolent counterpart of malicious black magic. | Category:Magic (supernatural)
Category:Esotericism | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Magic (supernatural)",
"Esotericism"
] |
projected-17328053-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | Introduction | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] | |
projected-17328053-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | First round | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | Nineteen teams were drawn into two groups of six and one group of seven. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top two teams in each group advanced to the Second round. Peñarol, the title holders, had a bye to the next round. | [] | [
"First round"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-17328053-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | Group 3 | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | Source: | [] | [
"First round",
"Group 3"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-17328053-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | Semifinals | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | There was one group of four teams and one of three. In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away. The top team in each group advanced to the Final. | [] | [
"Semifinals"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-17328053-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | Group 1 | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | Racing and Universitario finished level on points, and Racing won a play-off 2-1 | [] | [
"Semifinals",
"Group 1"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-17328053-010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | Goalscorers | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | The top goalscorer in the tournament was Norberto Raffo of Racing Club, who scored 14 goals. | [] | [
"Goalscorers"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-17328053-011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967%20Copa%20Libertadores | 1967 Copa Libertadores | References | The 1967 Copa Libertadores de América was the eighth edition of the Copa Libertadores, and which involved 20 club teams from South American nations.
The tournament was divided into three rounds; the first group stage, the second group stage, and the final. The tournament was won by Racing of Argentina who beat Nacional of Uruguay. | 1
Category:Copa Libertadores seasons | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1967 in South American football",
"Copa Libertadores seasons"
] |
projected-23572899-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Blues | Old Blues | Introduction | Old Blues may refer to the following:
Former pupils of Bluecoat schools including:
Christ's Hospital, Horsham, West Sussex, United Kingdom - see List of people educated at Christ's Hospital & :Category:People educated at Christ's Hospital
Reading Blue Coat School - see :Category:People educated at Reading Blue Coat School | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [] | |
projected-23572907-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentleman%20and%20Ladies | Gentleman and Ladies | Introduction | Gentleman and Ladies is a novel by English author Susan Hill, published in 1968, runner-up for the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize. It is notable in exploring themes of death, mental health, and elderly well-being, despite Hill's relative youth at the time of writing. | [
"GentlemanAndLadies.jpg"
] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Novels by Susan Hill",
"1968 British novels",
"Hamish Hamilton books",
"Novels set in Warwickshire",
"Works about old age"
] | |
projected-23572907-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentleman%20and%20Ladies | Gentleman and Ladies | Plot reception | Gentleman and Ladies is a novel by English author Susan Hill, published in 1968, runner-up for the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize. It is notable in exploring themes of death, mental health, and elderly well-being, despite Hill's relative youth at the time of writing. | The story begins at a funeral in the village of Haverstock and ends at a wedding. A stranger appears at the funeral of Faith Lavender, holding stolen snowdrops. Faith's two sisters and neighbours are perplexed by the man, and soon 'undercurrents of fierce emotion, that until now have been suppressed, reach the surface while the tensions rise'. | [] | [
"Plot reception"
] | [
"Novels by Susan Hill",
"1968 British novels",
"Hamish Hamilton books",
"Novels set in Warwickshire",
"Works about old age"
] |
projected-23572907-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentleman%20and%20Ladies | Gentleman and Ladies | Reception | Gentleman and Ladies is a novel by English author Susan Hill, published in 1968, runner-up for the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize. It is notable in exploring themes of death, mental health, and elderly well-being, despite Hill's relative youth at the time of writing. | In The New York Times, Hill's style is "Briskly impressionistic is better than its substance. Bits and pieces of life among these English senior citizens are sharply illuminated, but the book as a whole has the texture of a soap opera". | [] | [
"Reception"
] | [
"Novels by Susan Hill",
"1968 British novels",
"Hamish Hamilton books",
"Novels set in Warwickshire",
"Works about old age"
] |
projected-23572907-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentleman%20and%20Ladies | Gentleman and Ladies | Adaptation | Gentleman and Ladies is a novel by English author Susan Hill, published in 1968, runner-up for the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize. It is notable in exploring themes of death, mental health, and elderly well-being, despite Hill's relative youth at the time of writing. | BBC Radio 4 produced an adaptation of a radio play in January 1993 featuring Patricia Hayes, Stephanie Cole, Sian Phillips, Gwen Watford and Anna Cropper. | [] | [
"Adaptation"
] | [
"Novels by Susan Hill",
"1968 British novels",
"Hamish Hamilton books",
"Novels set in Warwickshire",
"Works about old age"
] |
projected-23572907-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentleman%20and%20Ladies | Gentleman and Ladies | References | Gentleman and Ladies is a novel by English author Susan Hill, published in 1968, runner-up for the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize. It is notable in exploring themes of death, mental health, and elderly well-being, despite Hill's relative youth at the time of writing. | Category:Novels by Susan Hill
Category:1968 British novels
Category:Hamish Hamilton books
Category:Novels set in Warwickshire
Category:Works about old age | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"Novels by Susan Hill",
"1968 British novels",
"Hamish Hamilton books",
"Novels set in Warwickshire",
"Works about old age"
] |
projected-26716495-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak%20Razi | Babak Razi | Introduction | Babak Razi (born June 2, 1981) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Pas Hamedan in the Azadegan League. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1981 births",
"Living people",
"Shamoushak Noshahr players",
"Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players",
"Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players",
"Iranian footballers",
"Association football midfielders"
] | |
projected-26716495-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak%20Razi | Babak Razi | Club career | Babak Razi (born June 2, 1981) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Pas Hamedan in the Azadegan League. | In 2008, Razi Joined Zob Ahan F.C. after spending the previous season at Shirin Faraz F.C. | [] | [
"Club career"
] | [
"1981 births",
"Living people",
"Shamoushak Noshahr players",
"Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players",
"Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players",
"Iranian footballers",
"Association football midfielders"
] |
projected-26716495-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak%20Razi | Babak Razi | Club career statistics | Babak Razi (born June 2, 1981) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Pas Hamedan in the Azadegan League. | Last Update 1 June 2010
Assist Goals | [] | [
"Club career",
"Club career statistics"
] | [
"1981 births",
"Living people",
"Shamoushak Noshahr players",
"Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players",
"Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players",
"Iranian footballers",
"Association football midfielders"
] |
projected-26716495-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak%20Razi | Babak Razi | References | Babak Razi (born June 2, 1981) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Pas Hamedan in the Azadegan League. | Category:1981 births
Category:Living people
Category:Shamoushak Noshahr players
Category:Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players
Category:Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players
Category:Iranian footballers
Category:Association football midfielders | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"1981 births",
"Living people",
"Shamoushak Noshahr players",
"Shirin Faraz Kermanshah players",
"Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players",
"Iranian footballers",
"Association football midfielders"
] |
projected-26716550-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valet%20Girls | Valet Girls | Introduction | Valet Girls is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Rafal Zielinski, written by Clark Carlton, and starring Meri Marshall, April Stewart, Mary Kohnert, Jack DeLeon, Jon Sharp, Michael Karm, Steven Lyon, Randy Vasquez, Stuart Fratkin, and Tony Cox. The plot concerns three women in Los Angeles who are working as valet girls while trying to get started in the entertainment industry. The film was produced by Lexyn Productions and distributed by Empire International Pictures and Vestron Video. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"1987 films",
"1987 comedy films",
"American comedy films",
"Empire International Pictures films",
"Films directed by Rafal Zielinski",
"Films set in Los Angeles",
"Films shot in Los Angeles",
"American independent films",
"1980s English-language films",
"1980s American films"
] | |
projected-26716550-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valet%20Girls | Valet Girls | Plot | Valet Girls is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Rafal Zielinski, written by Clark Carlton, and starring Meri Marshall, April Stewart, Mary Kohnert, Jack DeLeon, Jon Sharp, Michael Karm, Steven Lyon, Randy Vasquez, Stuart Fratkin, and Tony Cox. The plot concerns three women in Los Angeles who are working as valet girls while trying to get started in the entertainment industry. The film was produced by Lexyn Productions and distributed by Empire International Pictures and Vestron Video. | The story revolves around Lucy (Meri Marshall), who wants to be a rock star, Rosalind (April Stewart), a brain pretending to be a bimbo, and Carnation (Mary Kohnert), who wants to be an actress. These three girls get a job parking cars for a big movie star named Dirk Zebra (Jack DeLeon) who throws regular house parties so that he and his fellow actor Lindsey Brawnsworth (Jon Sharp) and a record producer, Alvin Sunday (Michael Karm) can attract and seduce aspiring starlets.
Between parking cars, the three girls have to dodge the amorous attention of the party-goers while Lucy and Carnation try to get influential people to pay attention to their musical and acting talents. The party is sabotaged by members of a competing valet company (played by Steven Lyon, Randy Vasquez, and Stuart Fratkin) and the girls are blamed and fired. With the help of Dirk Zebra's wife Tina (Patricia Scott Michel) and Carnation's boyfriend Archie Lee (John Terlesky) the valet girls humiliate Dirk Zebra, Lindsey Brawnsworth, and the members of the other valet company.
Tony Cox appears as Lucy's friend and manager, Sammy. Ron Jeremy also made an appearance in an uncredited, minor roles. | [] | [
"Plot"
] | [
"1987 films",
"1987 comedy films",
"American comedy films",
"Empire International Pictures films",
"Films directed by Rafal Zielinski",
"Films set in Los Angeles",
"Films shot in Los Angeles",
"American independent films",
"1980s English-language films",
"1980s American films"
] |
projected-26716550-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valet%20Girls | Valet Girls | Home media release | Valet Girls is a 1987 American comedy film directed by Rafal Zielinski, written by Clark Carlton, and starring Meri Marshall, April Stewart, Mary Kohnert, Jack DeLeon, Jon Sharp, Michael Karm, Steven Lyon, Randy Vasquez, Stuart Fratkin, and Tony Cox. The plot concerns three women in Los Angeles who are working as valet girls while trying to get started in the entertainment industry. The film was produced by Lexyn Productions and distributed by Empire International Pictures and Vestron Video. | Valet Girls was released on VHS by Lions Gate on April 15, 1987. | [] | [
"Home media release"
] | [
"1987 films",
"1987 comedy films",
"American comedy films",
"Empire International Pictures films",
"Films directed by Rafal Zielinski",
"Films set in Los Angeles",
"Films shot in Los Angeles",
"American independent films",
"1980s English-language films",
"1980s American films"
] |
projected-06900154-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Introduction | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Genoese admirals",
"Italian Renaissance people",
"1539 births",
"1606 deaths",
"Doria family",
"People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars",
"16th-century Genoese people",
"Battle of Lepanto"
] | |
projected-06900154-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Biography | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa. | Doria was born to a noble family of the Republic of Genoa. He was the son of Giannettino Doria, of the Doria family, who died when Doria was 6 years old. He would be selected by his great-uncle Andrea Doria to command the family's galleys.
He became the Admiral of the Genoese Fleet in 1555 and commanded the combined Christian fleet of the Holy League at the Battle of Djerba in 1560, which was won by the Ottoman Turks under the command of Piyale Pasha. He barely escaped with his life as his troops suffered a crushing defeat, the stress and shame supposedly caused the older Andrea Doria to die.
He also participated in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, commanding the right wing of the Christian coalition force known as the Holy League. During the battle he allowed a gap to be formed in the Holy League's battle line which was exploited by Occhiali. Many historians have criticized Doria for opening the line, some going so far as to describe it as an act of cowardice. The battle was ultimately won by the Holy League, and signaled the first ever defeat of the Ottoman Turks at sea. Doria would go on to write reports attempting to justify his actions at the battle.
Using the momentum from the Battle of Lepanto, Don John and Doria would go on to capture Tunis in 1573.
Doria also led an expedition against the Barbary states in 1601.
Doria was a knight commander of the Order of Santiago. He was also the Marquis of Tursi and 6th (or 2nd) Prince of Melfi (both titles inherited from his relation and adoptive father, the famed Genoese admiral Andrea Doria). | [] | [
"Biography"
] | [
"Genoese admirals",
"Italian Renaissance people",
"1539 births",
"1606 deaths",
"Doria family",
"People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars",
"16th-century Genoese people",
"Battle of Lepanto"
] |
projected-06900154-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Marriages and children | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa. | He married firstly in 1558 with Zenobia del Carretto (1540-1590) and had:
Andrea Doria (born and died 1565).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1566).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1567).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1568).
Vittoria Doria (1569-1618), married Ferrante II Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, had issue.
Andrea II Doria (1570-1629), 3rd prince of Melfi, married Giovanna Colonna and had issue.
Giovanni Doria (1573-1642) called Giannettino; Cardinal, Archbishop of Thessalonica and Palermo, Viceroy of Sicily
Artemisia Doria (1574-1644), married Carlos Francisco de Borgia 7th Duke of Gandia, had issue.
Carlo Doria (1576-1650), duke of Tursi, married Placidia Spinola, had issue.
He married secondly and secretly in 1590 with Baroness Katharina of Lysfelt and Harem (1564-1606), natural and legitimate daughter of Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. | [] | [
"Marriages and children"
] | [
"Genoese admirals",
"Italian Renaissance people",
"1539 births",
"1606 deaths",
"Doria family",
"People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars",
"16th-century Genoese people",
"Battle of Lepanto"
] |
projected-06900154-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Sources | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa. | Geneanet
Category:Genoese admirals
Category:Italian Renaissance people
Category:1539 births
Category:1606 deaths
Giovanni Andrea
Category:People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars
Category:16th-century Genoese people
Category:Battle of Lepanto | [] | [
"Sources"
] | [
"Genoese admirals",
"Italian Renaissance people",
"1539 births",
"1606 deaths",
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"People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars",
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"Battle of Lepanto"
] |
projected-06900155-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumed%20of%20the%20Earth | Exhumed of the Earth | Introduction | Exhumed of the Earth is the debut album by Paramaecium. It was released in 1993. Exhumed of the Earth is considered to be one of the landmarks of both doom metal and Christian metal movements. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"Paramaecium albums",
"1993 debut albums"
] | |
projected-06900155-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumed%20of%20the%20Earth | Exhumed of the Earth | Recording history | Exhumed of the Earth is the debut album by Paramaecium. It was released in 1993. Exhumed of the Earth is considered to be one of the landmarks of both doom metal and Christian metal movements. | Exhumed of the Earth was recorded from 12 April to 1 May 1993 at Toybox Studios, Northcote, Melbourne, Australia. The band incorporated several classical instrument arrangements on the album, most notably on the 17 minute epic "The Unnatural Conception". Rosemary Sutton played violin and Judy Hellemons flute. Sutton also did the soprano vocals. The storyline of the album based on the Bible: it begins at the birth of Christ, continues through his resurrection, speaks of the disciples, and ends with Christians coming to life from the dead. Because the biblical references in the lyrics are elegantly written, the album has been often compared to old My Dying Bride. Musically, Exhumed of the Earth is mostly slow-paced doom metal with few death metal influences, most notably on the death growl vocals of Andrew Tompkins and on tracks like "Injudicial".
The record was produced by Paramaecium, engineered by Mark Tulk, and mixed by Paramaecium and Mark Tulk.
Paramaecium self-released Exhumed of the Earth in 1993 and later allowed several labels to distribute the album.
HM Magazine wrote that with the album Paramaecium "essentially delivered the most powerful and moving death/doom recording in the history of Christian metal." | [] | [
"Recording history"
] | [
"Paramaecium albums",
"1993 debut albums"
] |
projected-06900155-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumed%20of%20the%20Earth | Exhumed of the Earth | Track listing | Exhumed of the Earth is the debut album by Paramaecium. It was released in 1993. Exhumed of the Earth is considered to be one of the landmarks of both doom metal and Christian metal movements. | "The Unnatural Conception in Two Parts: The Birth and the Massacre of the Innocents" – 17:00
"Injudicial" – 4:38
"The Killing" – 6:29
"Untombed" – 10:38
"The Voyage of the Severed" – 9:24
"Haemorrhage of Hatred" – 7:20
"Removed of the Grave" – 10:37 | [] | [
"Track listing"
] | [
"Paramaecium albums",
"1993 debut albums"
] |
projected-06900155-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhumed%20of%20the%20Earth | Exhumed of the Earth | Personnel | Exhumed of the Earth is the debut album by Paramaecium. It was released in 1993. Exhumed of the Earth is considered to be one of the landmarks of both doom metal and Christian metal movements. | Andrew Tompkins – vocals and four string bass
Jayson Sherlock – drums and cymbals
Jason De Ron – six-string guitar
Rosemary Sutton – soprano and violin
Judy Hellemons – flute | [] | [
"Personnel"
] | [
"Paramaecium albums",
"1993 debut albums"
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projected-06900164-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | Introduction | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | [] | [
"Introduction"
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"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
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"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-06900164-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | Track listing | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | Side one
"I May Be Wrong, But I Won't Be Wrong Always" (Alvin Lee) - 10.28
"Woodchopper's Ball" (Woody Herman, Joe Bishop) - 7:48
Side two
"Spider in My Web" (Alvin Lee) - 7:46
"Summertime" (George Gershwin) / "Shantung Cabbage" (Ric Lee) - 5:56
"I'm Going Home" (Alvin Lee) - 6:27 | [] | [
"Track listing"
] | [
"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
"Decca Records live albums",
"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-06900164-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | 2002 CD reissue | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | "Rock Your Mama" (Alvin Lee) - 3:46
"Spoonful" (Willie Dixon) - 6:23
"I May Be Wrong, But I Won't Be Wrong Always" - 9:49
"Summertime" / "Shantung Cabbage" - 5:44
"Spider in Your Web" - 7:43
"Woodchopper's Ball" - 7:38
"Standing at the Crossroads" (Elmore James & Robert Johnson) - 4:10
"I Can't Keep from Crying, Sometimes / Extension on One Chord / I Can't Keep from Crying, Sometimes (reprise)" (Al Kooper, Chick Churchill, Leo Lyons, Alvin Lee, Ric Lee) - 17:04
"I'm Going Home" - 6:24 | [] | [
"Track listing",
"2002 CD reissue"
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"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
"Decca Records live albums",
"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-06900164-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | Personnel | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | Ten Years After
Alvin Lee - guitar, vocals
Chick Churchill - organ
Ric Lee - drums
Leo Lyons - bass | [] | [
"Personnel"
] | [
"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
"Decca Records live albums",
"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-06900164-005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | Album | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | Album - Billboard (United States) | [] | [
"Charts",
"Album"
] | [
"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
"Decca Records live albums",
"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-06900164-007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undead%20%28Ten%20Years%20After%20album%29 | Undead (Ten Years After album) | References | Undead is a live album by Ten Years After, recorded at the small jazz club, Klooks Kleek, in London, May 1968, and released in July of that year. The show combined blues, boogie and jazz playing that merged more traditional rock and roll with 1950s-style jump blues. The album "amply illustrates" Alvin Lee's "eclectic" use of the pentatonic scale mixed with other modalities. | Category:Ten Years After albums
Category:1968 live albums
Category:Decca Records live albums
Category:Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer) | [] | [
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"Ten Years After albums",
"1968 live albums",
"Decca Records live albums",
"Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)"
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projected-26716577-000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | Introduction | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | [] | [
"Introduction"
] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
] | |
projected-26716577-001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | Creation | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | Helga "Testy" Testorf was a neighbor of Wyeth's in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and over the course of fifteen years posed for Wyeth indoors and out of doors, nude and clothed, in attitudes that reminded writers of figures painted by Botticelli and Édouard Manet. To John Updike, her body "is what Winslow Homer's maidens would have looked like beneath their calico."
Born in Germany, Helga entered a Prussian Protestant convent chosen by her father in 1955. After becoming seriously ill she left the convent and lived in Mannheim, where she studied to be a nurse and a masseuse. In 1957, she met John Testorf, a German-born, naturalized American citizen, whom she married in 1958. By 1961 they were living in Philadelphia, where she worked in a tannery, and they soon moved to Chadds Ford. There she raised a family of four children, and acted as caretaker to farmer Karl Kuerner, an elderly neighbor who was a friend and model for Wyeth.
Wyeth asked Testorf to model for him in 1971, and from then until 1985 he made 45 paintings and 200 drawings of her, many of which depicted her nude. The sessions supposedly were a secret even to their spouses. The paintings were stored at the home of his student, neighbor and good friend, Frolic Weymouth. | [] | [
"Creation"
] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
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projected-26716577-002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | Aftermath | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | Explaining the series, Wyeth said, "The difference between me and a lot of painters is that I have to have a personal contact with my models. ... I have to become enamored. Smitten. That's what happened when I saw Helga." He described his attraction to "all her German qualities, her strong, determined stride, that Loden coat, the braided blond hair". Art historian John Wilmerding wrote, "Such close attention by a painter to one model over so long a period of time is a remarkable, if not singular, circumstance in the history of American art". For art critic James Gardner, Testorf "has the curious distinction of being the last person to be made famous by a painting".
When the existence of the pictures was made public images of Testorf graced the covers of both Time and Newsweek magazines. Testorf, although flattered by the paintings, was upset by the publicity and controversy they provoked. Although Wyeth denied that there had been a physical relationship with Testorf, the secrecy surrounding the sessions and public speculation of an affair created a strain in the Wyeths' marriage.
Well after the paintings were finished, Testorf remained close to Wyeth and helped care for him in his old age. In a 2007 interview, when Wyeth was asked if Helga was going to be present at his 90th birthday party, he said, "Yeah, certainly. Oh, absolutely," and went on to say, "She's part of the family now. I know it shocks everyone. That's what I love about it. It really shocks 'em." | [
"Helga nude.jpg"
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] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
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projected-26716577-003 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | Exhibitions and ownership | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | In 1986, Philadelphia publisher and millionaire Leonard E.B. Andrews (1925–2009) purchased almost the entire collection, preserving it intact. Wyeth had already given a few Helga paintings to friends, including the famous Lovers, which had been given as a gift to Wyeth's wife.
The works were exhibited at the National Gallery of Art in 1987 and in a nationwide tour. There was extensive criticism of both the 1987 exhibition and the subsequent tour. The show was "lambasted" as an “absurd error” by John Russell and an “essentially tasteless endeavor” by Jack Flam, coming to be viewed by some people as "a traumatic event for the museum." The curator, Neil Harris, labeled the show “the most polarizing National Gallery exhibition of the late 1980s,” himself admitting concern over "the voyeuristic aura of the Helga exhibition."
The tour was criticized after the fact because, after it ended, the pictures' owner sold his entire cache to a Japanese company, a transaction characterized by Christopher Benfey as "crass." | [] | [
"Exhibitions and ownership"
] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
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projected-26716577-004 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | List of works | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | Tempera on panel:
Letting Her Hair Down (1972)
Sheepskin (1973)
Braids (1977)
Farm Road (1979)
Day Dream (1980)
Night Nurse (1995)
Drybrush and/or watercolor on paper:
Black Velvet (1972)
The Prussian (1973)
In the Orchard (several versions, 1973–1985)
Seated by a Tree (1973, other versions from 1973 and 1982)
Crown of Flowers (1974)
Loden Coat (1975)
Easter Sunday (1975; a non-Helga watercolor also bears this title)
Barracoon (1976; a non-Helga tempera also bears this title)
On Her Knees (1977)
Drawn Shade (1977)
Overflow (1978)
Walking In Her Cape Coat (1979)
Night Shadow (1979)
Pageboy (1980)
Knapsack (two versions, both 1980)
Lovers (1981)
From the Back (two versions, both 1981)
In the Doorway (three versions, all 1981)
Cape Coat (1982)
Campfire (two versions, both 1982)
Sun Shield (1982)
Flotation Device (1984)
Autumn (1984)
Refuge (1985)
Red Sweater (1987)
Helga's Back (1991)
Barefoot (1992)
Uphill (1999)
Gone (2002) | [] | [
"List of works"
] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
] |
projected-26716577-006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Helga%20Pictures | The Helga Pictures | References | The Helga Pictures are a series of more than 240 paintings and drawings of German model Helga Testorf (born c. 1933 or c. 1939) created by American artist Andrew Wyeth between 1971 and 1985. | Meryman, Richard: Andrew Wyeth: A Secret Life, HarperCollins 1996. .
Updike, John. Just Looking: Essays on Art. Alfred A. Knopf, 1989.
Wilmerding, John. Andrew Wyeth: The Helga Pictures. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1987. | [] | [
"References"
] | [
"German artists' models",
"Paintings by Andrew Wyeth"
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