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TAEKWON-DO...........A way of life.
What exactly is the meaning of Taekwon-Do?
destroy with the hand or fist. "Do" means an art or way - the right way built and paved by the saints and sages in the past.
Thus taken collectively "Taekwon-Do" indicates the mental training and the techniques of unarmed combat for self-defense as well as
moving opponent or opponents
To put it simply Taekwon-Do is a version of unarmed combat designed for the purpose of self-defense. It is more than just that,
through intensive physical and mental training.
It is a martial art that has no equal in either power or technique. Though it is a martial art, its discipline, technique and mental training
are the mortar for building a strong sense of justice, fortitude, humility and resolve. It is this mental conditioning that separates the true
practitioner from the sensationalist, content with mastering only the fighting aspects of the art.
Patterns (tul) in are performed in accordance with "The Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do" in 15 volumes written by General Choi
Hong Hi, the latest edition being from 1999. This comprehensive work contains 15 volumes with volumes 8 through 15 dedicated
of the movements.
CHON-JI means literally "the Heaven the Earth". It is, in the Orient, interpreted as the creation of the world or the beginning of
the Heaven and the other the Earth.
of 686 A.D. 6th Gup
YUL-GOK is the pseudonym of a great philosopher and scholar Yi I (1536-1584) nicknamed the "Confucius of Korea". The 38
movements of this pattern refer to his birthplace on 38o latitude and the diagram represents "scholar". 5th Gup
of the pattern refer to his birthplace on 37o latitude, the diagram represents "scholar". 3rd Gup
The meaning of this pattern sometimes causes confusion as it refers to two time periods,
PO-EUN is the pseudonym of a loyal subject Chong Mong-Chu (1400) who was a famous poet and whose poem "I would not
the Koryo Dynasty. 1st Dan
strict military discipline. 1st Dan
pattern ends with a left-hand attack to symbolize the tragedy
Mountain which symbolizes the spirit of the Korean people.The diagram ( | ) represents Baekdu Mountain. 2nd Dan
on 39 degrees latitude.
2nd Dan
1919. The 33 movements in the pattern stand for the
33 patriots who planned the movement. 3rd Dan
later become the first king of the Lee Dynasty. 3rd Dan
Ansi Sung. 4th Dan
4th Dan
figures of 661
A.D. when Moon Moo came to the throne. 4th Dan
homogeneous race. 6th Dan
Taekwon-Do is composed of fundamental movements, patterns, dallyon, sparring and self-defense techniques that are so closely
related that it is impossible to segregate one phase of instruction from another. Fundamental movements are necessary for sparring and
One can see it is difficult to distinguish the beginning of the cycle from the end. There is, in fact, like the Deity, no beginning or end. A
student will find that he will have to return time and time again to the beginning fundamental movements to perfect his advanced
sparring and self-defence techniques.
Each fundamental movement, in most cases, represents and attack or defense against a particular target area or definite action of an
imaginary opponent or opponents. It is necessary to learn as many fundamental movements as possible and fit them into complete
proficiency so the student can meet any situation in actual combat with confidence. The pattern actually places the student in a
hypothetical situation where he must avail himself to defense, counterattack, and attack motions, against several opponents. Through
constant practice of these patterns, the attack and defense become a conditioned reflex movement. Power and speed must be
developed to such a high degree that only one single blow is needed to stop an opponent, so the student can shift stance and block or
attack another opponent. Each pattern is different from the other in order to develop reaction against changing circumstances.
Once the basic patterns are mastered, the student then begins to physically apply the skill obtained from fundamental patterns and
movements to sparring against actual moving opponents.
Collaterally with sparring, the student must begin to develop his body and toughen his attacking and blocking tools so he is able to
deliver maximum damage in actual combat. Once a student has applied himself to fundamental movements, patterns, sparring and
dallyon, then the time has arrived for the student to test his coordination, speed, balance, and concentration against spontaneous
attacks: ie. self-defense. The student will constantly find himself returning, however, to his fundamentals even when he has achieved
the highest possible degree of self-defense techniques. As in military training, Taekwon-Do progression follows a certain parallel:
1. Fundamental Movements = Individual soldier's basic training
2. Dallyon = Maintenance of equipment
3. Patterns = Platoon tactics
4. Sparring = Field exercises in simulated combat conditions
5. Self-defense = Actual Combat |
What Is The Basic Rule Of Subject Verb Agreement
2. If two or more individual names or pronouns are bound by or even, use a singular verb. Note: If the expression of these words is preceded by a pair, they are considered individual subjects. Would you say, for example, “You`re having fun” or “having fun”? As “she” is plural, you would opt for the plural form of the verb “are.” Ready to dive into a world where subjects and verbs live in harmony? Remember: here are constructions, search for the subject AFTER the verb and choose a singular or plural verb to agree with the subject. 3. If a composite subject contains both a singular, a plural substrate or a pronoun that is bound or bound, the verb should correspond to the part of the subject that is closer to the verb. 1. If the subject of a sentence is composed of two or more subtants or pronouns bound by a plural verb and use it. However, the rules of agreement apply to the following helping verbs when used with a main protocol: is-are, were-were, has-have, do-do-do. Article 4.
Usually use a pluralistic adverb with two or more subjects if they are by and. 4. Do not make a contraction of not and should be used only with a singular theme. Don`t is a contraction of no and should only be used with a plural theme. The exception to this rule occurs in the case of the first person and the second person Pronouns I and you. For these pronouns, contraction should not be used. For example, she writes every day. Exception: If you use the singular “she,” use plural shapes. For example, the participant was satisfied with his work. You currently play a leadership role in the organization. A number of nobiss is a plural subject, and it takes a plural verb.
The number of nobiss is a singular subject, and it takes on a singular verb. Collective nouns are generally considered individual matters. Note: If these expressions are replaced by “and,” the themes are considered plural themes, so the verbs must be plural. The rule of thumb. A singular subject (she, Bill, auto) takes a singular verb (is, goes, shines), while a plural subject takes on a plural verb. This sentence refers to the individual efforts of each crew member. The Gregg Reference Manual provides excellent explanations for the subject-verb agreement (section 10: 1001). 17. When geriatrics are used as the object of a sentence, they adopt the singular form of the verb.
However, if they are bound by “and,” they adopt the plural form. Sugar is unspeakable; Therefore, the sentence has a singular verb. 19. Titles of books, films, novels and similar works are treated as singular and adopt a singular verb. A sentence consists of two parts: SUBJECT, which tells us what it is in the sentence. It can be either a nostantiv (book, cars, Maria, etc.) or a pronoun (she, her, etc.). It can be singular or plural. THE VERBE represents the action of a sentence (is, went, will burst, took, etc. Twenty may seem like a lot of rules for one topic, but you`ll quickly notice that one is related to the other. In the end, everything will make sense. (In the following examples, the consenting subject is large and the verb in italics.) In the example above, the plural corresponds to the actors of the subject. Note: Two or more plural topics that are bound by or not would naturally use a plural verb to accept.
10. The only time the object of the preposition decides pluralistic or singular verbs is when nomic and pronoun themes such as “some,” “mi,” “mi,” “none,” “no” or “all” are followed by prepositionphrase. Then, the object of the preposition determines the shape of the verb. How to match the subject and the verb: 1.Identify the subject of the sentence. 2.Decide whether the theme is singular or plural. 3.Finally, decide which form of verb corresponds to the subject. 12. Use a single verb with each – and much of a singular verb. Article 9. For collective subtantives such as the group, the jury, the family, the public, the population, the verb can be singular or plural, depending on the author`s intention. 4. Remember the indeterminate Pronoun EXCEPTIONS, which is dealt with in section 3.5, p.18: Some, Any, None, All and Most. |
Free Unemployment Benefits Essay Sample
Unemployment benefits are basically the payments that the State gives to the unemployed persons. In most cases, these benefits are made through compulsory insurance systems. These benefits are normally given to only those who have been registered as being unemployed at the time or data intake. This system has importance to someone who has lost his job or to someone who does not have any hopes of being employed again. This system makes the people who have not been employed to maintain their possessions and their homes in almost the same state as it used to be.
So many countries have embraced the need of having social benefits at the old age and young age. This was mainly to protect the unemployed from the ever changing economy. It was basically to ensure that these people remain buoyant in the market and do not become poor due to the inflation in the economy. America has been seen borrowing millions of dollars from other parties just to fund this project. This has made the government to strain so much on its available infrastructure to make ends meet. It is at this point that the big question should now come to an end and the government invests the money on a different development project. In most cases, the federal government has been seen giving financial support to the government to boost this program.
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The congress has extended the weeks of the program from the previous 26 weeks to 99 weeks. This has really de motivated most people from searching for jobs. The state now has to go an extra mile of finding extra money for the program. Apart from the program extending for more weeks of befits, the number of beneficiaries has rapidly increased. His has placed the state in a much precarious financial condition. This is because the state has to go and borrow extra finance to fund this program. The State cannot be able to pay all the beneficiaries on its own as the budget has really exceeded the projected budget. Various States have borrowed funds to finance the program. State like Alabama has borrowed $ 283 million from the federal government to support this program. This makes the country to increase their tax to be able to meet the requirements. This system can have an effect to an individual in that, it motivates an individual.
Most people given the finance never have the urge of searching for a new job. In case the finance from the system runs out, the individual does not have the urge of finding ways of acquiring finance. This is because; an individual had been nurtured to get money without really working for it thus expects easy money in an easy way. The system also has an effect on many businesses. If there is inflation in a country, most organizations tend to revise the income of their employees downwards. This makes most employees to give up on their work and prefer to get the unemployment benefits. This has an effect on the business as it tends to loose very qualified workers who prefer to stay without work than to be paid less money. This especially happens when the company is offering less money than what the unemployment benefits can offer. The society has a bigger effect with this issue.
When most people decide to quit their jobs for the unemployment benefit, the society stand a chance of loosing important talents. This is because, when an individual decides to sit back, he may not be in a position to put his talents in practice. In the long run the individual ends up loosing his talent and thus a loss to the society. This system has a barrier to labor movement. When a given country has enough labor, the other people will not have the initiative of moving to international markets to search for other jobs. This is basically because they are being given benefits for not being employed. This brings an imbalance in the market in that there may be other markets that may have a lot of jobs but lack labor to do the given job. If the unemployment benefit could not have been present, then people would have been aggressive to move to other markets to search for a new job.
Most countries strain so much in order to achieve the budget for their unemployment benefits. This ever increasing demand makes it very hard for the country to fit in the budget of the entire program. From the previous analysis, there are over 31 States that have at least borrowed money from the federal government. This computed to a total of $ 40 billion total money that has already been borrowed from the federal government. Alabama State for example has used over $ 283 billion from the federal government. To repay this amount, the government will be forced to increase the tax rate on the employed workers to be able to acquire this. This increased burden tends to de motivate workers in the economy and thus most of them feels like they are doing too much work but the returns are less.
Most of the working population due to de motivation, they decide to quit their jobs and settle down on the unemployment benefits. Apparently, there are over eleven States that are relying on the federal government to support them on the unemployment benefits. Michigan is a leading state that has a high debt for the federal government. This state has not been able to pay the amount and is now facing the penalties that are normally imposed by the federal government. The few cases do not mean that the unemployment benefits do not work anymore.
There are cases where the system has worked and there are states that have managed to use the process without borrowing finance from any given bodies. A good example is the Washington state. The state has been a good example that has managed this system without fail. The Washington state funds their system with a lot of money when they are in good moments. This makes them survive so well when they are at the recession stage. The other many states however do not have any success story that they can base the discussion of why the unemployment benefit system should be supported. If the congress continues to extend the benefit period of the system, then this means that the state will have to go an extra mile of borrowing finance from the federal governments.
In conclusion, unemployment benefits do not have more advantages as opposed to disadvantages. This has made it easier to conclude that there is no need for the unemployment benefits. This system simply worsens the situation of a state. When the states will continue to use this system, then in the near future, there will be a fiscal disaster in most states. This means that this issue needs to be addressed. If a small group of people can pay huge taxes to pay the bills accumulated in the unemployment benefit system, then there is no need for this system. All the people should pay tax equally but not to make a few people to work for the entire society.
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Strategic Importance of Human Resource Management
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Strategic Importance of Human Resource Management
For the case assignment, read all of the required readings listed on the background page.
Assignment Expectations:
Please respond to the issues raised below. Be sure to draw upon and integrate concepts from all of the module required background materials, other materials you might find on the web, and your previous course material (e.g., Mgt 407, Mgt 411, Mgt 412):
Imagine you have just been hired as the CEO of a mid-sized firm, and the current HR department is limited to payroll, benefits, recruiting, training, performance management, and safety. The current HR manager reports to the VP of Operations. Given this information and that provided in the background readings, create a blueprint for redesigning the HR function as a critically important strategic partner in the future of the organization.
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Solution Preview
While the Human Resource department in most organizations serves many functions, it must also align its activities with corporate strategy. Knowing where the organization is headed and how it plans to get there is crucial information for human resource departments. Corporate strategy does affect human resources, as the organization seeks to hire and retain employees who understand the strategy and will help the organization achieve its objectives. Many of the human resource functions directly affect the organization's ability to achieve its strategic goals.
The following map indicates how human resource functions relate to strategy:
1. Payroll- Payroll is an essential function that provides compensation to workers. While management typically makes decisions about salary and wages, the human resource department must ensure that wages are correct and that employee withholding is also correct. The department may also handle any inquiries about incorrect payment or other questions employees have. The type of payroll program utilized can affect the organization, in terms of cost, flexibility and tracking or record keeping. Costs for salaries are a variable cost that the organization incurs. Decision makers must be able to access such information to generate reports.
2. Benefits-The benefits management program or plan selected may affect the organization's costs. Some programs attempt to control costs of health care and other benefits, such as sick ...
Solution Summary
This solution discusses the strategic importance of human resource management. |
Even the Wind and Waves Obey Him
Talk about the Bible being historically true, and the first thing you hear is, What about Jonah and the Whale? Noah and the Flood? The parting of the Red Sea? These stories are held up as so preposterous that no one could possibly take the Bible seriously. People make jokes about them. But scientists who study these events say they are not as impossible as they might seem. Sometimes they are just special cases of perfectly normal laws of nature. Take, for example, the parting of the Red Sea. The biblical record says God used the east wind, blowing all night to push the waters back. Recently, two oceanographers decided to see if they could describe the process in more detail. They published their results in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. It's a well-known scientific fact that a steady wind blowing over a body of water can change the water level. It happens frequently during winter storms on Lake Erie, for example, where steady winds have changed the water level as much as three feet. The two oceanographers decided to see if the same thing could happen on the Red Sea--to be precise, on the narrow sliver of the Red Sea reaching up into the Gulf of Suez where, many scholars believe, the Israelites crossed when they were escaping from Pharaoh's army. The scientists analyzed the topography of the area, using sophisticated computer calculations. They concluded that a moderate wind blowing constantly for about 10 hours could very well have caused the sea to recede a mile or two. The water level would drop 10 feet, leaving dry land for the Israelites to cross. "The Gulf of Suez provides an ideal body of water for such a process because of its unique geography," said one of the scientists. The Gulf is more than 200 miles long but only 12 to 18 miles wide. Winds channeled between the mountains on each side of the gulf could exert a powerful force on the surface of the water and push the water back from the shoreline. Later, an abrupt change in the wind could cause the water to return rapidly, in a sudden, devastating wave. It could easily have trapped Pharaoh's troops, just as the Bible describes. The study doesn't prove that the crossing of the Red Sea actually happened this way, of course. It merely shows that there are perfectly normal forces that God could have used to perform His miraculous deliverance. Now, a skeptic might argue that if there's a natural explanation, then it wasn't a miracle after all. That's how the Boston Globe interpreted the recent study. But if it was only a natural event, isn't it strange that the sea parted just when Moses held out his staff? And that it fell back just when Pharaoh's soldiers were in hot pursuit? No, God may use a natural process to accomplish His goals, but it's still a work of His hand, for His purposes, in His timing. So the next time someone tells you the Bible stories are just too unbelievable to be real history, give them a little science lesson on the laws of nature. And then tell them about the God who created the laws of nature and directs them for His purposes. The One whom "even the wind and the waves obey."
Chuck Colson
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Does America still pay taxes to England?
Does United States still pay taxes to England?
False. U.S. taxpayers do not pay taxes to the Queen of England and the Internal Revenue Service is not an agency of the International Monetary Fund.
Do we pay taxes to the Queen of England?
Does the US give money to England?
In terms of overall spend, the United States is the biggest aid donor, spending $35.5 billion in 2020, followed by Germany ($28.4 billion), Britain ($18.6 billion), Japan ($16.3 billion) and France ($14.1 billion).
When did the US stop paying taxes to Britain?
Parliament would only impose such duties as expedient to regulate commerce and the net income from these duties would be given to the colonies.
Taxation of Colonies Act 1778.
THIS IS IMPORTANT: How do I file a tax extension in Illinois?
Citation 18 Geo. III c.12
Territorial extent British America and the British West Indies
Repealed July 18, 1973
Other legislation
Does England still own America?
These colonies were formally known as British America and the British West Indies before the Thirteen Colonies declared their independence in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) and formed the United States of America.
British America.
British America and the British West Indies
Capital Administered from London, England
Can the Queen take control of America?
So, unlike 15 countries in the Commonwealth realm, such as Canada and Australia, the United States does not have any association with the British Crown, which Her Majesty heads.
Who is the richest royal family in the world?
King Maha is the richest royal figure in the world and he is closely followed by the Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah and the king of Saudi Arabia Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud.
What is the Queen’s net worth?
The net worth of Queen Elizabeth II is $600 million
The Queen receives an annual lump sum, a single payment by the government called the Sovereign Grant. As per the latest account disclosures, this amount stood at 86.3 million pounds for 2020.
Does Canada pay taxes to England?
THIS IS IMPORTANT: How do I find my VAT number UK?
Why does us pay taxes to England?
The U.S./U.K. tax treaty—formally known as the “Convention between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income and on Capital Gains” …
Which country receives the most foreign aid from the US?
In fiscal year 2016, more than 200 countries and regions received aid. That year, the top five countries were Iraq, Afghanistan, Israel, Egypt, and Jordan, each receiving more than $1 billion. The majority of aid to these particular countries is military aid.
Why did England originally tax the 13 colonies?
Britain also needed money to pay for its war debts. The King and Parliament believed they had the right to tax the colonies. They decided to require several kinds of taxes from the colonists to help pay for the French and Indian War. … The colonists started to resist by boycotting, or not buying, British goods.
What did Great Britain do to the colonists?
The British further angered American colonists with the Quartering Act, which required the colonies to provide barracks and supplies to British troops. Stamp Act. Parliament’s first direct tax on the American colonies, this act, like those passed in 1764, was enacted to raise money for Britain.
What are the 4 major British taxes in order?
The laws and taxes imposed by the British on the 13 Colonies included the Sugar and the Stamp Act, Navigation Acts, Wool Act, Hat Act, the Proclamation of 1763, the Quartering Act, Townshend Acts and the Coercive Intolerable Acts.
THIS IS IMPORTANT: What are the two products on which sin tax is levied? |
There are various types of art. Some are created for aesthetic factors, while others are created to express a theoretical idea. Every one of them intend to communicate elegance and also psychological power. Every one of them, however, include creative imagination, technical abilities, as well as emotion. This wide variety of human activities mirrors the diversity of the field. The following are some kinds of art and also their objective. Here are some usual purposes. The definition of art is very wide. If you want learning more concerning them, continue reading.
Art: This is the expression of sensations and emotions through exterior indicators, such as photos, appears, as well as shades. Generally, art is identified by a distinctive feeling that signs up with other people in the exact same belief. Some works are also categorized into periods based on their concept of development. A solitary art piece is an example of a work of art. The term “masterpiece” can describe numerous types of art. This suggests that it can be referred to as an artwork in several means.
Generally, the term “art” suggests any form of art. For example, a painting is an example of art. A musical composition is an example of art. If a tune is an artwork, it can be called songs. Whether it is a poem, a song, or a painting, it is an example of a piece of art. Making use of an interpretation of art is a straightforward means to recognize just how it associates with a specific issue.
The purpose of an art piece might be to discover the nature of understanding. Some people locate art remarkable, while others are drawn to it because of their intrinsic imagination. In this way, art can be both enjoyable as well as helpful. No matter its function, it should evoke strong feelings and feelings. This indicates that, ultimately, it is not a goal of the artist’s creation. As soon as a masterpiece is produced, it should be able to stimulate lots of emotions.
In contrast, the meaning of art can be fairly different. The major purpose of an art is to make the customer feel something that they can refrain from doing. As an example, one guy may feel proud of his success while an additional may share despair. As a result, art is an expression of emotions. It can be a kind of interaction, or it can be a means to interact ideas. Its function is subjective and also depends on context. So, the interpretation of art is not restricted to appearances.
There are various sort of art. An art can be anything that is attractive or stimulates an emotion. For example, an artwork can be an item that is not just functional. It can be used to reveal the feelings of an artist or a society. The function of an art is to express an idea. This is an usual definition of art. There are several types of art, as well as the most common are paintings, sculptures, and paintings.
An interpretation of art is subjective. Basically, it can be any type of job. It can be an art piece. If it is a masterpiece, it ought to be an item that shares sensations. The interpretation of art depends upon the creator as well as the target market. As an example, the musician should have the ability to connect with the public. For instance, a work of artwork might be a piece of art that shares an individual’s personal experiences, or it can be an abstract piece of layout.
Sometimes, art can be healing or utilitarian. Some kinds of art are produced to share the feelings as well as feelings of an individual. Whether it is abstract or concrete, art can be a means of understanding the world. Depending on the medium, an artist can utilize a variety of tools to communicate with individuals. Some types of art are meaningful. If it interest a person’s feelings, the musician can transform a mundane object right into a lovely, important things.
The significance of art can vary depending on the sort of job. A work of art can be totally aesthetic or can likewise have an acoustic component. A masterpiece can additionally be executed in different means. Some types of art include sculptures. Some artists use their creative imagination to produce an object that appeals to the target market. The latter, nevertheless, might be a masterpiece that is highly aesthetic. If it is purely acoustic, the author can express his ideas with noise.
Art is a task in which human beings reveal their feelings as well as imaginative concepts. It involves making use of imagination as well as technological skills. Its primary purpose is to produce charm as well as to make individuals really feel great. There are many different sorts of art, however several of the most popular kinds are repainting, sculpture, and also songs. There are a number of different methods to develop art, as well as this short article intends to explain what every one is. Likewise, you will certainly learn about the distinctions in between these 2.
It is an expressive kind of expression, which surpasses everyday life and also has a deeper significance. It is a representation of a society’s cosmology and is utilized in ceremonial and symbolic features. It is likewise made use of in dancings and also various other efficiencies. It can be seen in a variety of types. It can be as easy as an image or as facility as a mural, and can be as made complex and complex as an opera.
Numerous types of art can be identified into a number of groups. They consist of: watercolours, oils, and pastels. The materials made use of are usually classified according to the design and also tool of the job. Other classifications of art are characterized by their color, structure, as well as kind. Furthermore, they consist of: timber, stone, as well as metal. They can be identified right into numerous styles, which includes: abstract, modern, and modern. The purpose of this classification is to specify what comprises an art work. best acrylic paint
Some individuals may take into consideration infecting one more person an art type, however that is not the instance. An artist can only communicate the sensation of another male through exterior indicators. Making use of a story to communicate a feeling is not art. It is a method of sharing one’s very own feelings, and also a common experience with others. In addition, an artist might not have the capacity to send feelings to other individuals, and also must have the ability to receive one more individual’s expression.
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Is Colombian Spanish the same as European Spanish?
Spanish is the official language in Colombia. What is normally referred to as ‘Colombian Spanish’ is just one of the many regional varieties and is in fact ‘Bogota Spanish’ which is also considered the country’s most elegant.
Is Colombian Spanish different from Mexico Spanish?
Colombian and Mexican Spanish is not vastly different, especially highland Colombian Spanish (Bogota, etc.). In some areas, Colombians use “vos” instead of “tu”; in others they speak primarily in “Uds.” rather than “tu” or even “vos”. definitly the accent is very different between mexicans and colombians.
Why is Colombian Spanish the best?
Bogota became famous for the purity of the Spanish spoken in the capital. Even today, locals still delight in using the full scope of the language, with their distinctive, clear pronunciation. That has led some linguists to declare Colombian Spanish “the best in the world”.
How do Colombians say hello?
The common verbal greeting is “Buenos dias” (Good day), “Buenas tardes” (good afternoon) or “Buenas noches” (good evening/night) depending on the time of day. The formal title to greet people with is ‘señor’ (mister) for men and ‘señora’ (missus) for women.
What is the best Spanish accent?
Some people claim that for these reasons Colombia has the best Spanish accent. Others say that Peru and Ecuador have the best Spanish accent. The Mexican Spanish accent as heard during football games or news programmes is easily understandable.
IT IS INTERESTING: How much does dinner cost in Buenos Aires?
Are Colombians Latino or Hispanic?
Colombians are the seventh-largest population of Hispanic origin living in the United States, accounting for 2% of the U.S. Hispanic population in 2017. Since 2000, the Colombian-origin population has increased 148%, growing from 502,000 to 1.2 million over the period.
What race is a Colombian person?
Most of the population (over 86 percent) is either mestizo (having both Amerindian and white ancestry) or white. People of African (10.4 percent) and indigenous or Amerindian (over 3.4 percent) origin make up the rest of the Colombian population.
What race is Cuban?
According to the official 2012 National Census, the majority of the population (64.1 per cent) of Cuba is white, 26.6 per cent mestizo (mixed race) and 9.3 per cent black. |
Unit Converter
Conversion formula
The conversion factor from meters to millimeters is 1000, which means that 1 meter is equal to 1000 millimeters:
1 m = 1000 mm
To convert 777 meters into millimeters we have to multiply 777 by the conversion factor in order to get the length amount from meters to millimeters. We can also form a simple proportion to calculate the result:
1 m → 1000 mm
777 m → L(mm)
Solve the above proportion to obtain the length L in millimeters:
L(mm) = 777 m × 1000 mm
L(mm) = 777000 mm
The final result is:
777 m → 777000 mm
We conclude that 777 meters is equivalent to 777000 millimeters:
777 meters = 777000 millimeters
Alternative conversion
We can also convert by utilizing the inverse value of the conversion factor. In this case 1 millimeter is equal to 1.2870012870013E-6 × 777 meters.
Another way is saying that 777 meters is equal to 1 ÷ 1.2870012870013E-6 millimeters.
Approximate result
For practical purposes we can round our final result to an approximate numerical value. We can say that seven hundred seventy-seven meters is approximately seven hundred seventy-seven thousand millimeters:
777 m ≅ 777000 mm
An alternative is also that one millimeter is approximately zero times seven hundred seventy-seven meters.
Conversion table
meters to millimeters chart
For quick reference purposes, below is the conversion table you can use to convert from meters to millimeters
meters (m) millimeters (mm)
778 meters 778000 millimeters
779 meters 779000 millimeters
780 meters 780000 millimeters
781 meters 781000 millimeters
782 meters 782000 millimeters
783 meters 783000 millimeters
784 meters 784000 millimeters
785 meters 785000 millimeters
786 meters 786000 millimeters
787 meters 787000 millimeters |
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Transcript of COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS Mathematics ... COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS FOR Mathematics (hyperlinked
Mathematics (hyperlinked pdf of standards only)
Note: This document is not intended for printing, but rather provides a hyperlinked pdf for navigating the standards. Use the links at the bottom of each page to navigate to grade levels, and the grade level overviews to navigate to domains. Although I have tried to make it as accurate a copy as I can, there might still be discrepancies between the two documents. Please report any that you find to
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• Mathematics | Standards for Mathematical Practice The Standards for Mathematical Practice describe varieties of expertise that mathe-
matics educators at all levels should seek to develop in their students. These practices rest on important “processes and proficiencies” with longstanding importance in mathe- matics education. The first of these are the NCTM process standards of problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, representation, and connections. The second are the strands of mathematical proficiency specified in the National Research Council’s report Adding It Up: adaptive reasoning, strategic competence, conceptual understanding (com- prehension of mathematical concepts, operations and relations), procedural fluency (skill in carrying out procedures flexibly, accurately, efficiently and appropriately), and productive disposition (habitual inclination to see mathematics as sensible, useful, and worthwhile, coupled with a belief in diligence and one’s own efficacy).
1 Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Mathematically proficient students start by explaining to themselves the meaning of a problem and looking for entry points to its solution. They analyze givens, constraints, relationships, and goals. They make conjectures about the form and meaning of the so- lution and plan a solution pathway rather than simply jumping into a solution attempt. They consider analogous problems, and try special cases and simpler forms of the original problem in order to gain insight into its solution. They monitor and evaluate their progress and change course if necessary. Older students might, depending on the context of the problem, transform algebraic expressions or change the viewing window on their graphing calculator to get the information they need. Mathematically proficient students can ex- plain correspondences between equations, verbal descriptions, tables, and graphs or draw diagrams of important features and relationships, graph data, and search for regularity or trends. Younger students might rely on using concrete objects or pictures to help concep- tualize and solve a problem. Mathematically proficient students check their answers to problems using a different method, and they continually ask themselves, “Does this make sense?” They can understand the approaches of others to solving complex problems and identify correspondences between different approaches.
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5 Use appropriate tools strategically. Mathematically proficient students consider the available tools when solving a mathe- matical problem. These tools might include pencil and paper, concrete models, a ruler, a protractor, a calculator, a spreadsheet, a computer algebra system, a statistical pack- age, or dynamic geometry software. Proficient students are sufficiently familiar with tools appropriate for their grade or course to make sound decisions about when each of these tools might be helpful, recognizing both the insight to be gained and their limitations. For example, mathematically proficient high school students analyze graphs of functions and solutions generated using a graphing calculator. They detect possible errors by strate- gically using estimation and other mathematical knowledge. When making mathematical models, they know that technology can enable them to visualize the results of varying assumptions, explore consequences, and compare predictions with data. Mathematically proficient students at various grade levels are able to identify relevant external mathe- matical resources, such as digital content located on a website, and use them to pose or solve problems. They are able to use technological tools to explore and deepen their understanding of concepts.
7 Look for and make use of structure. Mathematically proficient students look closely to discern a pattern or structure. Young students, for example, might notice that three and seven more is the same amount as seven and three more, or they may sort a collection of shapes according to how many sides the shapes have. Later, students will see 7� 8 equals the well remembered 7� 5� 7� 3, in preparation for learning about the distributive property. In the expression x2 � 9x � 14, older students can see the 14 as 2�7 and the 9 as 2�7. They recognize the significance of an existing line in a geometric figure and can use the strategy of drawing an auxiliary line for solving problems. They also can step back for an overview and shift perspective. They can see complicated things, such as some algebraic expressions, as single objects or as being composed of several objects. For example, they can see 5� 3px�yq2 as 5 minus a positive number times a square and use that to realize that its value cannot be more than 5 for any real numbers x and y.
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• 8 Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning. Mathematically proficient students notice if calculations are repeated, and look both for ge |
Medically the evaluation by Daniel Bubnis, M.S., NASM-CPT, NASE Level II-CSS, Fitness — composed by Tracey Williams Strudwick top top July 3, 2018
While over there are limitless diets, supplements, and meal instead of plans claiming come ensure fast weight loss, many lack any type of scientific evidence. There are, however, some methods backed by scientific research that do have an influence on load management.
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These strategies include exercising, maintaining track of calorie intake, intermittent fasting, and reducing the number of carbohydrates in the diet.
In this article, we take into consideration nine efficient methods of load loss.
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Methods of weight loss that scientific research supports incorporate the following:
1. Do the efforts intermittent fasting
Intermittent fasting (IF) is a sample of eating the involves consistent short-term fasts and consuming meals within a shorter time period during the day.
Several studies have actually indicated that short-term intermittent fasting, i m sorry is approximately 24 main in duration, leads to load loss in overweight individuals.
The most usual intermittent fasting methods incorporate the following:
It is best to take on a healthy eating pattern on non-fasting days and to prevent over-eating.
2. Tracking her diet and exercise
If someone wants to shed weight, they should be aware of every little thing that castle eat and also drink each day. The most effective way to carry out this is to log every item the they consume, in either a journal or an digital food tracker.
Researchers approximated in 2017 the there would be 3.7 billion health application downloads through the finish of the year. The these, apps because that diet, physics activity, and weight lose were among the most popular. This is no without reason, together tracking physical task and load loss progress on-the-go can be one effective way of regulating weight.
One study found that continuous tracking of physical activity helped with weight loss. Meanwhile, a review study discovered a confident correlation between weight loss and also the frequency of monitoring food intake and also exercise. Even a machine as straightforward as a pedometer have the right to be a beneficial weight-loss tool.
3. Eating mindfully
Mindful eat is a exercise where civilization pay attention to how and also where castle eat food. This practice can enable people to gain the food lock eat and maintain a healthy and balanced weight.
As most civilization lead busy lives, they frequently tend come eat quickly on the run, in the car, working at their desks, and also watching TV. As a result, many civilization are barely aware of the food they room eating.
Techniques because that mindful eating include:
Sitting down to eat, preferably in ~ a table: Pay fist to the food and enjoy the experience.Avoiding distractions when eating: execute not rotate on the TV, or a laptop or phone.Eating slowly: take time come chew and savor the food. This method helps with weight loss, as it provides a person’s mind enough time to acknowledge the signals that they room full, i m sorry can help to protect against over-eating.Making thought about food choices: select foods the are complete of nourishing nutrients and those the will fulfill for hours rather than minutes.
4. Eating protein for breakfast
Protein have the right to regulate appetite hormone to aid people feel full. This is mostly as result of a diminish in the hunger hormone ghrelin and a climb in the satiety hormones peptide YY, GLP-1, and cholecystokinin.
Research on young adults has likewise demonstrated that the hormonal results of eating a high-protein breakfast deserve to last for several hours.
Good options for a high-protein breakfast incorporate eggs, oats, nut and seed butters, quinoa porridge, sardines, and also chia seeds pudding.
5. Cutting ago on sugar and also refined carbohydrates
The west diet is significantly high in included sugars, and this has definite links to obesity, also when the street occurs in beverages fairly than food.
Refined carbohydrates are heavily processed foods that no longer contain fiber and also other nutrients. These include white rice, bread, and pasta.
These foodstuffs are rapid to digest, and they transform to glucose rapidly.
Excess glucose beginning the blood and also provokes the hormone insulin, which disclosure fat warehouse in the adipose tissue. This contributes to load gain.
Where possible, people should swap processed and sugary foodstuffs for much more healthful options. Great food swaps include:
whole-grain rice, bread, and also pasta rather of the white versionsfruit, nuts, and seeds rather of high-sugar snacksherb teas and also fruit-infused water rather of high-sugar sodassmoothies with water or milk rather of fruit juice
6. Eat plenty the fiber
Dietary fiber defines plant-based carbohydrates the it is not feasible to digest in the little intestine, uneven sugar and also starch. Including plenty that fiber in the diet deserve to increase the emotion of fullness, potentially leading to weight loss.
Fiber-rich foods include:
whole-grain breakfast cereals, whole-wheat pasta, whole-grain bread, oats, barley, and ryefruit and also vegetablespeas, beans, and also pulsesnuts and seeds
7. Balancing gut bacteria
One emerging area of study is concentrating on the role of bacteria in the gut on weight management.
The person gut hosts a vast number and range of microorganisms, including roughly 37 sunshine bacteria.
Every individual has various varieties and quantities of bacteria in their gut. Some species can rise the lot of energy that the person harvests indigenous food, bring about fat deposition and weight gain.
Some foodstuffs can increase the number of good bacteria in the gut, including:
A wide variety of plants: boosting the number of fruits, vegetables, and grains in the diet will an outcome in an raised fiber uptake and also a an ext diverse collection of gut bacteria. World should try to ensure the vegetables and other plant-based foods consist of 75 percent of their meal.
8. Acquiring a great night’s sleep
Numerous studies have shown that getting less than 5–6 hrs of sleep per night is associated with raised incidence of obesity. There space several reasons behind this.
Research suggests that insufficient or poor-quality sleep slows down the process in which the body converts calories to energy, called metabolism. As soon as metabolism is less effective, the body may store unused power as fat. In addition, bad sleep can increase the manufacturing of insulin and also cortisol, which additionally prompt fat storage.
How lengthy someone sleeps likewise affects the regulation that the appetite-controlling hormones leptin and ghrelin. Leptin sends out signals the fullness to the brain.
9. Managing your anxiety levels
Stress triggers the release of hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol, which originally decrease the appetite as part of the body’s fight or flight response.
However, when human being are under continuous stress, cortisol deserve to remain in the bloodstream because that longer, i beg your pardon will increase their appetite and potentially cause them eating more.
Cortisol signals the should replenish the body nutritional shop from the preferred resource of fuel, which is carbohydrate.
Insulin then transports the street from carbohydrate from the blood to the muscles and brain. If the individual does not use this sugar in struggle or flight, the body will store it as fat.
See more: Webxtra: East Texas Crisis Center Tyler Tx, East Texas Crisis Center
Researchers found that implementing an 8-week stress-management treatment program result in significant reduction in the body mass table of contents (BMI) of overweight and also obese children and also adolescents.
Some methods of managing stress include:
breathing and relaxation techniquesspending part time outdoors, for instance walking or gardening |
[Solved] auditing self regulation and government regulation
Over the years the accounting profession has been subject to various forms of oversight with varying degrees of success. Nevertheless, it used to be self-regulating. But a series of financial scandals involving once prominent companies such as Enron, WorldCom and Parmalat lead the authorities to consider whether the accounting profession’s self-regulatory oversight system was appropriate to meet the necessary objectives. These corporate failures had shown that the self-regulatory system did not produce credible results and “had the potential to undermine investor confidence in the integrity of the securities markets” (The Treasury, 2006).
As a consequence a number of countries have reviewed their arrangements for independent oversight of the auditing profession. The United States, for example, has introduced tough external audit regulation under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Canada has also introduced a regulator with extensive powers, including a national inspections unit as independent monitor of major audits, while the British and Australian solutions are based mainly on oversight rather than on full regulatory control (Malthus and Scoble, 2005). However, all these oversight bodies are needed to protect the public and the credibility of financial information.
Given the corporate scandals of recent years, the audit profession is now in the forefront of the minds of investors, businesses, regulators and others. Financial reporting, corporate governance and accounting and auditing practices must keep up with the needs of these groups. Effective regulation of the audit profession is one means of ensuring that the profession and the private sector keep pace with these challenges. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the need to strike a right balance between self-regulation and government regulation.
Broadly defined, regulation refers to the making and implementing of rules which direct or constrain the behaviour of a person or group of people being regulated. It is important to acknowledge the role of the profession in the evolution of its regulation. In most developed nations, the licensing and regulation of the accountancy profession was founded through the initiative of practicing professional accountants who often sponsored legislation to set minimum requirements to be designated as a professional public accountant.
Historically, leading practitioners then established a code of professional conduct and, eventually, accounting, auditing and other practice standards. Through much of the 20th century, the requisite knowledge of professional practice standards that protected the public resided nearly exclusively with professional practitioners who founded professional associations to promote their profession and its standards. This led many government regulators who had the legal authority to mandate compliance to choose to adopt the standards of the professional associations by reference or as acceptable interpretations.
Over time and in many countries, such as the United States, this approach evolved into a sophisticated system of government-sanctioned self regulation that for many years was considered adequate, efficient and protected the public. Regulation of the audit profession has typically been included as part of the overall regulation of the accountancy profession and has covered the following areas: •Education and admission standards; •Audit standards; •Ethical standards; and Disciplinary action. Where the regulation has been carried out primarily by the profession, it is often referred to as “self-regulation” and when it is carried out by the government, is often just “direct regulation”. There is no pure model of either self-regulation or direct regulation. The profession rarely regulates without some form of government mandate to do so, and similarly, the government rarely regulates without some form of interaction with the profession.
In general, the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) member bodies, the professional institutes, act under a delegation from their respective governments. The government has given legal recognition to the profession and has given the professional institute a set of roles and responsibilities and some form of reporting requirement. These responsibilities can include admission criteria, continuing education requirements, disciplinary provisions, standard setting and so on. Reporting requirements often take he form of annual reports by the professional body. Under self-regulation then, the government has delegated the responsibility for regulation to the profession and the profession regulates itself within that framework and then reports on its activities. There can be a greater or a lesser degree of government monitoring and oversight. Direct regulation, for example, through the establishment of an audit oversight body, simply means that the government itself has assumed responsibility to regulate part, or, rarely, all of the profession.
However, like self-regulation, this regulation is taking place within a set of roles, responsibilities and reporting arrangements that have been set by government and established in legislation. To be successful, the regulator needs to have an effective working relationship with the profession. In discussing methods of regulation, it is important to remember that accountancy is a profession. That means that professional accountants have an overriding responsibility to the community in which they live, not just to their current clients or to themselves.
So even in circumstances where there is total direct regulation, there is still a need for the profession to regulate the activities and conduct of its members to ensure that this responsibility to the community is fulfilled. The only caveat is that this regulation needs to be efficient and effective. Whatever regulatory framework is used, be it administered by the profession or government, it must give the regulator appropriate incentives to act in the public interest.
Regulators must have a clear, overarching purpose and the ability to resist any moves towards regulation that are self-interested or motivated by special interest groups. Serving the public interest means having regulations that achieve their aim of being effective and efficient without imposing unnecessary costs. The benefits of the regulation – that is, its effectiveness in protecting the public interest – must exceed its costs. The International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) has undertaken work in this area and has developed a series of principles for regulators.
These principles hold that: •The responsibilities of the regulator should be clear and objectively stated; •The regulator should be operationally independent and accountable in the exercise of its functions and powers; •The regulator should have adequate powers, proper resources and the capacity to perform its functions and exercise its powers; •The regulator should adopt clear and consistent regulatory processes; and •The staff of the regulator should observe the highest professional standards, including appropriate standards of confidentiality.
The choice between self-regulation and direct regulation primarily depends on who can meet the IOSCO principles and carry out the required functions most efficiently. For example, a professional body often has considerable expertise regarding the profession so it may be better placed to regulate where this expertise is needed. As well, the professional body’s separation from government can mean that it can react faster and more flexibly than a comparable government agency. In those countries where the profession needs to be strengthened, granting the profession self-regulatory powers can assist it in gaining the necessary expertise.
Direct regulation can be the most appropriate solution if there is a need for the regulator to be completely independent of the profession, or if it is considered inappropriate for the profession to carry out certain functions. Taking into account these factors and differences in history, culture, commercial law and varying stages of economic development, we see at a national level a huge diversity of regulatory approaches. In IFAC’s view there is no “one size fits all” answer to the issue of how to regulate the audit profession at the national level. A cornerstone of our free enterprise system is “freedom of choice. Consumers are free to choose what they wish to purchase and from whom. This simple concept is the powerful engine that drives economies in free markets. At the same time, there is an appropriate role for government oversight in the free market process to ensure that the consuming public is not being misled or defrauded by unethical business practices. IFAC recognises that the role of governments, as well as the role of the profession, will vary, but they should be guided by the principle of striking the right balance – to protect consumers without comprising free enterprise and without inflicting undue costs on the profession or the public.
It is critical that, regardless of whether there is self-regulation, direct regulation or some combination, that both the profession and the regulator act in the public interest and that the benefits of regulation outweigh the costs.
References www. ifac. org/uploads/… and-audit… /jsylph-fcm-audit-regulation-dec-05 www. deti. ie/publications/commerce/2004/auditing/chapter7. pdf www. content. grin. com/document/v116910. pdf
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Questions about example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "Moor"
The meaning of "Moor" in various phrases and sentences
Q: What does moor (as a noun) mean?
A: It's a landscape that you'll find in the British Isles. It's basically rolling hills with mainly grass and bushes.
The term being used for north Africans I believe has been discontinued however we still use it to describe moorish architecture.
Q: What does the moor trong trường hợp này mean?
A: A moor is a type of grassland. It is most commonly found in Western European countries, such as England. You can find more information about moors here:
Q: What does moor mean?
A: It has several meanings.
It can mean to tie a boat up to a dock. You moor the boat.
In Devon, where I grew up, it means wild hill country, as in Dartmoor and Exmoor.
In Somerset, it means wet ground with lots of water. "Moorhen" is a name for a bird that lives in water.
It's also a very old-fashioned word for people from Africa, as in Mauritania. In the play Othello, they call him a Moor. It can also mean Spain when it was Al-Andalus, mostly in phrases like "moorish architecture" (like the Alhambra).
Q: What does moor mean?
A: Open land (land not good for farming) Typically this word is not used in the US. It is more of a British word :)
Example sentences using "Moor"
Q: Please show me example sentences with moor.
A: Wanna see how i'm masturbating? Search me here - My nickname - Krystalll3 ;)
Synonyms of "Moor" and their differences
Q: What is the difference between moor and bog and swamp ?
A: I don't think I've ever heard moor in that context.
In common usage there is no difference between a bog and a swamp.
Swamp is the more commonly used word.
A: moor is an extensive waste covered with patches of heath, and having a poor, light soil, but sometimes marshy, and abounding in peat; a heath while bog is an expanse of marshland.
Swamps are low wetlands; bogs are generally higher than the surrounding land. Swamps receive water from rivers or streams and have some drainage; bogs receive water from precipitation and have no outflow; water is held by seepage. ... Swamps have muddy soil; bogs have peat formed by dead and decaying vegetation.
Ps I had no idea and had to look this up I wouldn’t worry too much about it this is quite complex words
Other questions about "Moor"
Q: I must have to clean with moor my house Does this sound natural?
A: Did you mean "I must clean my house more often"?
Q: moor Does this sound natural?
A: ok, I'm sorry. it's pronounced like this :)
Meanings and usages of similar words and phrases
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Is it wrong to experiment on animals?
Is it wrong to experiment on animals?
Experimenting on animals is always unacceptable because: it causes suffering to animals. the benefits to human beings are not proven. any benefits to human beings that animal testing does provide could be produced in other ways.
Is it ethical for scientists to experiment on animals?
No responsible scientist wants to use animals or cause them unnecessary suffering if it can be avoided, and therefore scientists accept controls on the use of animals in research. More generally, the bioscience community accepts that animals should be used for research only within an ethical framework.
Is scientific testing on animals necessary?
Research that is of little value, poorly designed or conducted, and badly reported is a waste of animals’ lives, causing suffering that should have been entirely avoidable. Animal experiments like these are certainly neither necessary nor justified.
Why is veganism unethical?
Humans do not have moral obligations to other species because other species can have no moral obligations to humans. Veganism is most dangerous because it convinces vegans that they are morally superior to other humans especially if they are willing to kill humans – even their own children – to “save animals.”
Why is animal testing still legal?
The Animal Welfare Act: The Animal Welfare Act, or AWA, is a federal law that addresses the standard of care animals receive at research facilities. This law excludes roughly 95 percent of the animals tested upon—such as rats, mice, birds, fish, and reptiles—and provides only minimal protections for the rest.
Are vegans morally superior?
The study published in Pseudoscience Today found that vegans displayed far higher rates of Moral Superiority Disorder than the general meat eating population; by some measures as much as 500% higher.
Do vegetarians live longer?
A team of researchers at Loma Linda University in the United States has shown vegetarian men live for an average of 10 years longer than non-vegetarian men — 83 years compared to 73 years. For women, being vegetarian added an extra 6 years to their lives, helping them reach 85 years on average.
Do vegetarians poop more?
Does Maybelline test on animals?
Maybelline is owned by L’Oréal, and inherts their animal testing policy. Maybelline’s animal testing policy claims that (1) they don’t test finished products or ingredients on animals, and (2) no third parties test on animals on their behalf unless required by law.
Is being vegan morally right?
Moral veganism accepts moral vegetarianism and adds to it that consuming animal products is wrong. Whereas in everyday life, “vegetarianism” and “veganism” include claims about what one may eat, in this entry, the claims are simply about what one may not eat. They agree that animals are among those things.
Why do vegans think they are superior?
They think they are superior because they believe their philosophy and lifestyle is more consistent with the ideals of justice and environmental responsibility. However, since our culture also values humility, they have to claim they don’t feel superior, even while they compare omnivores to slave owners.
What animals should not be eaten?
Animal lungs (as found in haggis) Animal lungs are a primary ingredient in haggis and the reason why we can’t have this Scottish delicacy in America.
• Casu Marzu: a Sardinian cheese filled with live maggots.
• Shark fins.
• Bushmeat: meat from African game animals.
• Pufferfish.
• Horse meat.
• Hallucinogenic absinthe.
• Sea turtle meat.
• Are scientists allowed to test on animals?
More than a thousand potential drugs for stroke have been tested in animals, but only one of these has proved effective in patients. In most other parts of the world there is currently no such legal imperative, leaving scientists free to use animals even where non-animal approaches are available.
Animal experiments are considered acceptable only if the benefit of the proposed experiment outweighs the suffering of the animals. Ethical review of animal experiments will likely benefit the animal and improve the quality of animal-based research.
Is it healthier to not eat meat?
Do you think we should experiment on animals?
There is a controversial debate over many years whether we should experiment on animals in scientific research or not. On the one hand, it is morally unacceptable to experiment on animals for human benefit. On the other hand, it is indisputable that do not experiment on animals would impede our understanding of scientific include health …
Why are experiments on animals should not be banned essay?
Experiments on Animals Should Not be Banned Essay. Experiments on Animals Should Not be Banned (word count includes paper outline) Technology and animal testing have provided the human population with many advancements in the past century.
Why do we use animals in scientific research?
Animals should be used for testing because they play a meaningful role in scientific research and much more. They do not have the ability of humans and if you say that is horrible and dishonest then think: YOU eat meat too. If you eat meat to live then why not to save human lives?
Is it ethical to experiment on animals for human benefit?
On the one hand, it is morally unacceptable to experiment on animals for human benefit. On the other hand, it is indisputable that do not experiment on animals would impede our understanding of scientific include health and disease, and consequently affect the development of new and vital treatments, even include commercial type of research. |
A verb expression is the portion of a sentence that has both the verb and also either a straight or indirect thing (the verb"s dependents). Take a look in ~ what verb unit volume are, and then watch some verb expression invernessgangshow.net.
You are watching: Which of the following sentences contains a verb phrase?
Teacher composing report as verb phrase invernessgangshow.net
Verb Phrases
Verbs room words that demonstrate an action, such together sing, dance, smell, talk, and eat. When an unified with linking verbs, such together is, must, will, and has, they form verb phrases. Verb phrases have the right to consist that one to three linking verbs, and activity verbs, and sometimes any complements (such as objects or direct objects).
She smells the pizza. (verb is smells)She can smell the pizza. (verb phrase is can smell)
He shows up on screen as one actor. (verb is appears)He has appeared on screen as an actor. (verb phrase is has appeared)
I study Italian. (verb is study)I will have been studying Italian for 3 years. (verb phrase is will have actually been studying)
Verb phrases type tenses as well as present and also past tense, including gradual tenses and also perfect tenses. They likewise demonstrate the sentence’s mood, intention and other information.
Verb expression invernessgangshow.net
A verb phrase have the right to be the property of the clause or sentence. It functions as the verb in a sentence, even when it has more than one word.
Following space some verb phrase instances where the verb expression is the property of a sentence. In this case, the verb phrase consists of the key verb plus any type of auxiliary, or helping, verbs.
She to be walking quickly to the mall.He need to wait prior to going swimming.Those girls space trying really hard.Ted might eat the cake.You should go right now.You can"t eat that!My mom is solving us some dinner.Words to be spoken.These cards might be worth hundreds of dollars!The teacher is creating a report.You have woken up everyone in the neighborhood.Will you get me a marker?Rhonda has been asking for help.My tiny brother will blow out his candles.Are they accusing me the a crime?The team must shake hands through their opponents.Dad has actually tried to readjust my tires before.
Verb phrases help to make her text much more informative and meaningful. Castle are crucial to clear writing and letting your leader know precisely what you’re trying to say.
Verb phrases vs. Verbal Phrases
When verb phrases function as anything various other than verbs, they’re verbal phrases. Linguistic phrases can act like adverbs or adjectives. The expression would include the verbal (participle, gerund or infinitive) and also any modifiers, complements or objects.
See more: Heat In A Heating Curve When Is The Temperature Constant ? Heating Curve And Cooling Curve Of Water
invernessgangshow.net of verb unit volume versus linguistic phrases include:
The man was text massage on his phone. (verb expression was texting functions as the action)Texting top top his phone, the male swerved right into a ditch. (verbal expression texting top top his phone attributes as one adjective; swerved is the verb)The cat watched as the two puppies battled over a bone. (verb expression watched functions together the action)As the cat watched, the two puppies fought over a bone. (verbal phrase as the cat watched functions together an adverb; fought is the verb)The little dog have the right to learn new things. (verb expression can discover functions together the action)The tiny dog was reluctant come learn brand-new things. (verbal phrase to learn new things features as an adverb; was reluctant is the verb phrase)Finally, we have the right to buy a new house. (verb phrase can buy features as the action)Finally, we have the right to afford to buy a new house (verbal phrase to buy a brand-new house features as an adverb; can afford is the verb phrase)She was walking top top the ice. (verb phrase was walking features as the action)Walking on the ice, she slipped. (verbal phrase walking on the ice functions as one adjective; slipped is the verb)
All the these various verbal phrases carry out important beneficial information because that the reader about the activity in the sentence. However, they carry out not function as the activity in her sentence. It is the verb and also verb phrase’s job!
Make your Verbs work-related for You
Verb paragraph are good additions to sentences as soon as you must make your action much more precise. When you’ve mastered verb unit volume in her grammar journey, try out more facility verb forms. A list of phrasal verb is helpful for both native and non-native speaker who have a more difficult time sorting the end these certain verb forms. |
Oxygen Consumption
Oxygen consumption is directly related to demand, while oxygen consumption is the quantity of oxygen consumed in one minute. The following article concentrates on the oxygen intake by the human heart. Highly oxidizing heart tissues such as the myocardium [the heart muscle] have a too high need for oxygen and therefore have a higher than regular oxygen demand.
Heart disease can be traced to oxygen deficiency in the body. Most heart diseases are caused by low oxygen levels, which may affect any organ in the body. Oxygen deficiency may also result from other conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, or congestive heart failure. This condition occurs when the body does not receive adequate amounts of oxygen and is usually caused by low blood flow. This condition can be fatal in some cases if not treated properly. A healthy heart can perform at a high level. Certain conditions, such as heart disease, may require your doctor to improve your health and prevent further complications. Still, a healthy heart condition should be sufficient to allow you to live a life free from medical issues.
When your body is under conditions where it is deprived of oxygen, it produces more cardiac enzymes. This enzyme will cause damage to your heart. During this time, the heart enzymes produced can break down the myocardium and create scar tissue that can slow down the heart rate and damage the myocardium. If the myocardium is damaged, it will not work correctly and unable to perform at a high level. This can lead to a heart attack or cardiac arrest and damage the brain if you cannot respond quickly enough when a cardiac event occurs.
Oxygen consumption by your heart can be measured in many ways. One of these measurements is referred to as the RPE (Rate of Perfusion), which is a measurement of the amount of oxygen delivered to your body at a specific rate. Another is called the Respiration Rate, where the oxygen levels can be monitored by monitoring the amount of air you exhale and the amount of time the oxygen stays in the body.
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Fairtrade Project: Cookstoves for coffee farmers, Ethiopia
Deforestation and climate change are threatening the coffee sector in Ethiopia. Coffee is extremely sensitive to rising temperatures. An increase of just one degree already results in a loss of quality of the coffee beans, two degrees means a loss of productivity and at three degrees the coffee plant has difficulty surviving. If current trends continue, coffee could become a scarce commodity in the coming decades.
Small-scale farmers are particularly hit hard. Rapid deforestation in Ethiopia is leading to increasing drought. Coffee farmers (often women) that depend on the income that their land generates and are financially unable to bear the consequences of the changing climate.
In this project, nearly 20,000 households are benefitting from a more efficient cookstove, the Tikikil, for general use and a Mirt, for a flat round bread made of teff flour (Injera) to bake. The Tikikil replaces the much-used traditional way of cooking on an open fire. The participating households own the cookstoves and pay for these stoves partly in cash and partly with the CO2 credits that the use yields.
Cooking with the Tikikil and Mirt reduces the use of wood and CO2 emissions by 40%.
There is less smoke in the house and more time savings for women who need to collect less wood and can cook faster. In addition, coffee farmers are made more resistant to the consequences of climate change through the implementation of a Climate Academy. The academy promotes, among other things, Sustainable Agricultural Land Mechanisms (SALMS), such as promoting shade trees to protect the coffee plants from too much sun.
Project impacts and benefits:
• Clean cooking prevents the inhalation of harmful smoke
• Less physical strain because less wood has to be collected for cooking
Climate and environment
• Decrease in deforestation and improved biodiversity
• Decrease in CO2 emissions
• Women experience a lot of convenience and can spend more time on family and education
• Women are less exposed to forms of harassment while collecting wood
• By saving time opportunities for women to generate more income
• Local employment through production and maintenance of cookstoves
Mabraat Kabbada is a coffee farmer from Oromia who lives with her husband and children. See her story:
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Different Types of Sports
Different Types of Sports
Maggie Kelley, Sports Editor
Sports consist of three types: individual, dual, and team. An individual sport is a sport that involves two competitors competing against one another. Dual sports consist of teams of two going against each other. A team sport is a sport in which people are organized into groups to compete against each other.
Individual sports are for people who choose to work alone. Some people just don’t like the idea of having someone to help them and could possibly make them lose, so they play a sport that lets them play by themselves. Another reason people play individual sports is because they feel like they would be just fine on their own. This way if they make a careless mistake that costs them the game, they have no one else to take it out on but themselves. Examples of individual sports include boxing, wrestling, golf, fencing, martial arts, tennis, ice skating, skiing, rodeo events, and much more.
A dual-sport is played by partners of two people against another set of partners. Some people feel like they can’t handle just being by themselves, so they resolve to dual sports. Examples of dual sports include tennis (two partners versus two partners), racquetball, etc.
A team sport is any sport where individuals are organized into groups that compete to win. Reasons people play team sports vary. Some people play team sports simply because they like the chance to make new friends. Others like team sports because they will learn how to practice, encourage, and motive their teammates regularly.
Many people can’t decide on whether they would like to work alone, work with another individual, or work with multiple people. Although no matter how many people you play with, whether it’s just one or 10, there is only one goal, and that is to win. |
A polygon having eight political parties is recognized as one octagon. If all the political parties of an octagon are equal and angles space the very same then the octagon is dubbed a constant octagon. A continuous octagon has a total number of 20 diagonals. The amount of all internal angles of a consistent octagon is 1080 degrees. Also, each interior angle is 135 degrees. Theexterior angle of one octagon measures45 degrees and the amount of every exterior angles is 360 degrees. Theoctagon formula is provided to calculate its area, perimeter of one octagon. Learn around the octagon formula with couple of examples offered below.
You are watching: What is the interior angle sum of a regular octagon
What Is Octagon Formula?
The octagon formula is offered to calculate the area, perimeter, and also diagonals of one octagon. To uncover the area, perimeter, and also diagonals of one octagon we usage the adhering to octagon formulas.
Formulas for Octagon:
To find the area of an octagon we use the adhering to formula: Area of octagon formula=2× s2× (1 + √2)
To find the perimeter of one octagon we use the adhering to formula: Perimeter of octagon= 8s
To uncover the variety of diagonals of an octagon we usage the complying with formula: number of Diagonals = n(n - 3)/2 = 8(8 - 3)/2 = 20
s = next lengthn = variety of sides
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Examples UsingOctagon Formula
Example 1: calculate the perimeter and area of one octagon having a side same to 4 units using the octagon formula.
To Find: Perimeter and AreaGiven:s= 4 units.Using the octagon formula for perimeterPerimeter(P) = 8sP = 8 × 4P = 32 unitsUsingthe octagon formula because that areaArea of octagon= 2s2(1 + √2)= 2 × 42(1 + √2)= 77.25483 units2
Answer: Perimeter and area of the octagonare 32 units and also 77.25483 units2.
See more: Is It Possible To Do Work On An Object That Remains At Rest, Work Done By A Constant Force
Example 2:An octagonal board has actually a perimeter equal to 24 cm. Find its area utilizing the octagon formula.
To Find:Area of the octagon.Given: Perimeter = 24 cm.The perimeter the octagon = 8s24 = 8 ss = 3 cm.Usingthe octagon formula for area,Area that octagon = 2s2(1 + √2)= 2 × 32(1 + √2)= 43.45cm2 |
How many Indian soldiers were there in 1962 war?
The Indo-China war, that began on 20 October 1962, saw a month-long standoff between approximately 10,000-20,000 Indian troops and 80,000 Chinese troops. The war ended on 21 November, 54 years ago, after China declared a ceasefire.
How many Indian soldiers participated in 1962 war?
In the war in these treacherous terrains, 722 PLA soldiers were killed and around 1,400 wounded, while the Indian death toll stood at 1,383, and 1,047 were wounded. Besides, 1,696 Indians went missing and over 400 taken as prisoners of war.
How many Indian soldiers died in 1962 war?
The Indian army suffered the following casualties: 1,383 killed, 1,047 wounded, 1,696 missing, 3,968 jawans captured.
How many soldiers were alive in 1962 war?
Legend says that the brave 120 killed close to 1,300 enemy soldiers. Only 6 of the 120 member company survived the war, 114 did not. The remaining six were taken as Prisoners of War (POW) by Chinese, but all miraculously escaped. Out of these six heroes, only four are alive now.
Can China defeat India easily?
India will not be able to fight a two front war, and is deemed to lose both. China can retake Southern Tibet easily, while Pakistan can control the whole Kashmir. … China will be on the leading role in its military power, may be only second to the U.S. Therefore, India will lose this war.
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How many Chinese died in 1962?
The nearly month-long war with China, in which about 4000 soldiers and officers lost their lives, began on October 20, 1962. The 4th Division that had fought admirably during World War II was demolished, and the Indian Army was forced to retreat from Arunachal Pradesh, then known as NEFA.
Who won 1965 war?
India won the war. It held on to the Vale of Kashmir, the prize Pakistan vainly sought. It gained 1,840 km2 [710 sq mi] of Pakistani territory: 640 km2 [250 sq mi] in Azad.
How many wars did India win?
Since India gained its independence in 1947, it has waged four wars intermittently by the 1970s against Pakistan (Indo-Pakistani Wars) and China (the India-China War).
What India lost in China war?
In 1962, India was badly defeated by the Chinese, losing the Aksai Chin region of Ladakh in a matter of days. Unlike in other border zones where the Chinese whipped the Indians, China did not withdraw from its gains. China took almost 15,000 square miles of what had been India in Aksai Chin, and has kept it ever since.
Who started 1962 war?
Exactly 55 years ago, a full-fledge war broke out between India and China. The Sino-India war began on October 20, 1962 when the People’s Liberation Army of China invaded Ladakh and Arunachal Pradesh (then known as the North East Frontier Agency) in a synchronised move.
Who won 1971 war?
The 13-day military conflict is one of the shortest wars in history. It ended with a decisive win for India and led to the creation of Bangladesh. India on Wednesday is observing the 50th anniversary of the 1971 war with Pakistan, also known as the Bangladesh Liberation War.
IT\'S FUN: What is the second oldest port in India?
Who survived in 1962 war?
Only 3 men survived the battle, that took place between 20 – 23 October, 1962. The 3 survivors were Naik Subedar Dashrath Singh, Naik Roshan and Dubey. The young Lieutenant was awarded the Sena Medal for his bravery.
Who is the hero of 1962 war?
Rifleman Jaswant Singh Rawat, MVC (19 August 1941 – 17 November 1962) was an Indian Army soldier serving in the Garhwal Rifles who was awarded the prestigious Maha Vir Chakra posthumously as a result of his actions during the battle of Nuranang in present-day Arunachal Pradesh, India, during the Sino-Indian War.
Who was Kishan in 1962 war?
He was awarded Maha Vir Chakra for his gallant act in the war. He is from Ghadsisar (also known as Sardarshahar) in Churu district of Rajasthan, India. He was enrolled into 1 Rajput/4 Guards unit.
Kishan Singh Rathore.
Colonel Kishan Singh Rathore MVC
Allegiance India
Service/branch Indian Army
Rank Colonel
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Is flag football safer?
Is flag football safer than tackle?
A CDC study published in Sports Health reports youth tackle football athletes ages 6 to 14 sustained 15 times more head impacts than flag football athletes during a practice or game and sustained 23 times more high-magnitude head impact (hard head impact).
Can you get hurt playing flag football?
Flag football is not a contact sport, so the risk of injury is lower than in traditional football. However, knee and ankle injuries are still common.
Is flag football safe for 5 year olds?
Playing football helps children develop a sense of discipline, teamwork and responsibility. But when it comes to the best age to start playing, there isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach. NFL FLAG offers non-contact programs for boys and girls starting at age 5 through 17 years old.
Is flag football rough?
Tackle football is, by nature, a rough sport. … It’s one of the hallmarks of the game. This aspect of the game has concerned many recreational players and parents.
What is a 7 on 7 in football?
The 7-on-7 Passing League is a fun competitive, non-contact way to play football. It is all passing, played on a 40-yard field plus end zone, and allows scoring both on the offense and defense. Passing is now the feature offense, and thus defense, of most teams.
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What is the difference between flag and tackle football do you think it is easier to get hurt playing flag football or tackle football?
Across all leagues, 128 injuries were reported out of 46,416 exposures—that is, a practice or a game. The overall injury rate was 2.76 injuries per 1,000 exposures, which Dr. … Tackle football players in the study reported 2.6 injuries per 1,000 exposures, compared with 5.77 injuries per 1,000 exposures in flag football.
Why is flag football safe?
Many experts believe that flag football is physically safer, especially for young and still developing bodies. Much of that is driven by concerns about concussion and resulting brain injuries, from pro sports on down to the youngest new players. … That said, kids can get injured playing flag football, too.
How can I play football safely?
Safe Play
1. Follow all safety rules used during practice.
2. Know the rules of the game and follow them.
3. Be respectful of the referees and not argue with their calls.
What was a major reason for starting flag football?
From Touch Football evolved Flag Football which is believed to have begun on military bases during World War II to prevent military personal from getting injured and with minimal equipment. |
How a Bad Reputation Helped Win the Day
The Patriot militia had earned a bad reputation for its propensity to run in battle when faced by organized British forces, especially if that enemy was trained professional soldiers. Many of the men in Brigadier General Daniel Morgan’s Patriot force were militiamen. As he faced the British force commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton, one of the fiercest and most abusive British commanders in the Southern states, Morgan wondered if he could rely on his militiamen. Would they stand, or would they cut and run as soon as the British fired on them?
American forces had already been weakened when the overall commander of the Patriot forces in the South, Nathanael Greene, had violated a proven maxim of war: he had divided his already outnumbered army in the face of a superior force. The British commander was Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis. Greene gave one half of the Patriot army to Morgan, and Cornwallis ordered Tarleton to deal with that part of Greene’s army.
As Tarleton’s force approached Morgan’s army, Morgan chose the field of battle, a cow pasture in the Upstate of South Carolina, a place called Cowpens. And he hatched a plan. If it worked, it would provide the Americans with a decisive victory. Such a victory would boost the morale of Patriots throughout the backcountry and weaken the British hold on the South.
Ahead of his army, Morgan positioned skirmishers in a line facing the oncoming British force. When the British came within range, he ordered, the skirmishers were to fire a few shots and then fade back toward the American lines. Behind the skirmishers, Morgan positioned the ill-reputed militia on the crest of a rise in the pasture. As the skirmishers fell back to the line of militiamen, the Americans were to fire two volleys at the British. Only two. Then they were to turn and run, feigning a retreat. Whereas in earlier incidents, the militiamen had fired once or twice and then fled in real terror of the British regulars, this time, their “retreat” was part of the overall plan. If Morgan was right, the sight of fleeing militiamen would convince Tarleton into pursuing them in a frontal attack. It was a plan right out of the Old Testament, a plan similar to that used by Joshua at Ai.
As the British approached, the Americans did as ordered. The skirmishers fired a few shots and then fell back to join the line of militiamen behind them. The militiamen fired two volleys and then “fled.” Tarleton, as Morgan suspected, ordered a full frontal assault, driving the “retreating” rebels before him. What he did not realize was that on the other side of that rise in the pasture Morgan had positioned the rest of his army, and they were regular Continental soldiers. Those men were proven combat veterans who would stand and fight even Britain’s best professional soldiers.
Simultaneously, Morgan’s cavalry flanked the British right while the reorganized skirmishers and militiamen flanked the British left. That day, the Americans won a decisive victory. Combined with the later victory at the Battle of King’s Mountain and Cornwallis’s pyrrhic victory over the Patriots at Guilford Courthouse (where British forces were so weakened and demoralized that they withdrew to Yorktown), British power in the South was ended forever.
Too often, the battles in the Northeast during the War for Independence get prominent attention to the omission of battles in the South that were just as critical to the outcome of the war. It’s time to correct that oversight. If you ever get a chance to visit Cowpens National Military Park, do so. It will increase your appreciation for the liberty that our forebears fought and died to give us.
#DanielMorgan #BanastreTarleton #BattleofCowpens #Militaryhistory #SouthernCampaign #Patriots
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You are here: Home » News » When brewing beer, some knowledge about the boiling process?
When brewing beer, some knowledge about the boiling process?
Views:8522 Author:Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-12-24 Origin:Site
During brewing, wort boiling is a complex process of physical and chemical changes. These changes are complex and difficult to take into account all the favorable conditions at the same time. To a large extent, it needs to be mastered according to the type of products and operating experience.Now let's go and learn about wort boiling.
First of all, do you know why the wort is boiled?
One, stable wort composition
01 enzyme inactivation
In order to maintain the consistency of wort composition and fermentation, the function of amylase should be stopped and the proportion of fermentable sugar and dextrin in wort should be stabilized.
02 Wort sterilization
By boiling, eliminate all kinds of fungi in wort, especially lactobacillus, avoid spoilage during fermentation, so as to ensure the quality of the final product.
03 Protein denaturation and flocculation precipitation
During the boiling process, some proteins which are denatured by heat and flocculated by binding with tannins are precipitated to improve the abiotic stability of beer.
04 Evaporated water
To vaporize excess water in the wort mixture so that the wort is concentrated to the desired concentration.
Malt uesed for Brewing
Two,But in addition to this, there are other reactions to the wort boiling
01 lowers the pH of the wort
When wort is boiled, the pH value of wort is further reduced due to the addition of hops, the formation of acidic melanin and the acidifying effect of calcium and magnesium ions in water, etc., which promotes the precipitation of B-globulin in wort and the decrease of pH value of finished beer, which is beneficial to the biological stability and non-biological stability of beer.
02 Formation of reducing substances
In the boiling process, wort color gradually deepened, formed some complex components of reducing substances, such as reducing ketone, enhanced the antioxidant ability of wort, these substances have a great effect on maintaining the beer flavor stability and non-biological stability
03 Evaporation of undesirable volatile components
During the boiling process, some of the original and newly formed vapour-volatile components of the wort are steamed, including some of the unsavory hydrocarbons in the hop oil, such as geronene.
Brewing process
Three, so we should from what aspects to improve the wort boiling technology conditions?
01 Wort boiling time
Determine the wort boiling time, according to the wort boiling intensity, master the wort mixing concentration, so as to achieve the final required wort concentration in the prescribed boiling time.
The wort boiling time has a great influence on the beer properties. Under normal pressure, the boiling time of light beer (10%~12%) is generally controlled at 1.5~2h, and the thick beer can be appropriately extended. When boiling under pressure of 0.11~0.12MPa, the time can be reduced by half.
Reasonable prolongation of boiling time is beneficial to protein solidification, hop utilization and reduction of substance formation, but not to foam performance.
Excessive extension of boiling time, not only economic unreasonable, wort quality will also decline. For example: wort color, rough taste, reduced bitterness, poor foam, etc., for light beer, the impact is more serious.
Relationship between wort boiling time and concentration:
Wort concentration/%
Boiling duration/min
Wort concentration/%
Boiling duration/min
More than 14
02 Wort boiling strength
When the wort is boiling, the water evaporated per hour is equivalent to the percentage of mixed wort, namely the boiling intensity: the boiling intensity is closely related to the thermal conductivity of the boiling pot, modeling, heating area, steam pressure, wort evaporation area, boiling method, etc.
Valuation of wort boiling strength:
The intensity of wort（%/h）
The intensity of wort（%/h）
At the same boiling time and pH, the boiling intensity is the determinant of how well the protein sets. Different boiling intensity, different transparency of wort, different amount of coagulate nitrogen, but too high boiling intensity has no good effect.
Relationship between boiling strength and solidification Nitrogen content in wort:
Boiling intensity(%/h)
Appearance of wort after boiling
Coagulated nitrogen content 12% wort mg/100ml
Wort is not clear enough, protein condensation poor
The wort is clear, and the protein coagulates are precipitated as elements
Wort is clear and transparent, protein coagulant is flocculent, grain size is large, precipitation is quick
Wort clear and transparent, protein condensation, large particles, rapid precipitation
03 PH value
PH value is closely related to protein coagulation, color and flavor of wort.
The protein in wort is most unstable at its isoelectric point and is easy to coagulate and precipitate. The isoelectric points of various proteins in wort are different, therefore, they are precipitated first and then at different pH values. The ideal pH for wort boiling is 5.2, but this is difficult to achieve under normal conditions and even more difficult to achieve with hard water saccharification. Generally can be in the beginning of saccharification or wort boiling, take the way of acidification, make its pH value lower. With a pH of 5.2~5.6, proteins can generally achieve a good degree of coagulation. The better the protein condensation, the better the non-biological stability of beer.
The interaction between polyphenols and proteins is also an important aspect of protein condensation and precipitation. The lower the pH value of boiled wort, the more readily the polyphenols such as tannins and anthocyanins react with proteins to precipitate, thus reducing the color of wort, improving the taste of beer, and increasing the non-biological stability of beer.
A lower pH value, while favorable for protein condensation, is unfavorable for the isomerization of -acid in hops, thus reducing the utilization of hops.It is ideal to have the wort's pH value in the range of 5.2~5.4 when boiling.
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Pest Library
What You Need To Know About Sacramento Pests
California pests are often difficult to address alone. With so many species and varieties nearby, DIY control is often a stressful and difficult process. The first and most effective step towards getting your pest control concerns under control is to properly identify the pests in question. Below is a comprehensive guide from Empyrean Pest Management that details many pests found around Sacramento, CA.
Some of the smallest household pests, ants, are eusocial insects that specialize in building colonies for their queen and larvae. Ants average anywhere from one-eighth to a half-inch long and best identified by their color patterns of black, brown, red, or yellow. Argentine ants, carpenter ants, and pharaoh ants are three primary ant species found in California. While all of these species have unique characteristics, they each have antennae, six legs, and mandibles.
The damages caused by ant species are dependent upon their unique type. Argentine ants are extremely small and usually associated with food contamination. Carpenter ants chew through large amounts of wood in order to build homes for their young. Although they do not consume wood, carpenter ants quickly weaken solid structures. Finally, pharaoh ants are dangerous vectors of diseases and are known for attacking hospitals, healthcare facilities, and in-patient health organizations.
Preventing ants from infesting your property requires following these helpful tips:
• Seal any entry points around the building that could allow ants to come inside.
• Store all trash or garbage inside a properly sealed bin.
• Clean the premises regularly to eliminate crumbs, smears, or other waste that may attract ants.
By far some of the most dangerous disease vectors in modern homes, cockroaches are pests known for their unsanitary behaviors. You can find three primary roach species in California: The German cockroach, Oriental cockroach, and American cockroach. German Cockroaches are small, light brown insects that prefer to crawl rather than fly. Oriental cockroaches, called water bugs, are attracted to humid or waterlogged homes. Finally, American cockroaches can measure almost three inches long and are light brown.
Roaches prefer to spend their time in areas with easy access to food and water; this usually means dumpsters, sewers, drain pipes, and trash bins. Because of this, they can spread a large number of pathogens from one place to the next. Cockroaches can cause bacterial infections, viral illnesses, and the ingestion of parasite eggs. If they are allowed to survive unchallenged for long periods, roaches will begin laying eggs at a rate of 300 per year.
Keep roaches off your California property by doing the following:
• Keep your home clear of clutter.
• Reduce household humidity levels via technology or hanging bags.
• Remove all food items from counters, as well as dirty dishes.
Occasional Invaders
Some insect species are not found in large numbers very often. In fact, the vast majority of them only come out around California homes during certain times of the year. Called 'occasional invaders' or 'other invaders' by professional entomologists, these insects include creatures like:
• Boxelder bugs
• Cicadas
• Crickets
• Millipedes
• Earwigs
• Silverfish
• Ground beetles
• Fleas
• Ticks
• Clover mites
• Stink bugs
• Pantry pests
Not all occasional invaders are dangerous. Cicadas, crickets, boxelder bugs, millipedes, earwigs, silverfish, clover mites, and ground beetles are more nuisance pests than anything else. However, some other invaders can cause severe physical damage. Fleas and ticks feed on people and pets and cause rashes or spread diseases. Stink bugs consume plants and release a foul odor when crushed. Finally, pantry pests may destroy and contaminate the food products in which they live.
If you are concerned about an occasional invader infestation, consider using these tips:
• Control the amount of moisture present inside the house. Dehumidifiers and desiccant bags are excellent options.
• Store all food items in properly sealed containers.
• Do not leave trash outside or in the house for long periods.
Rodents measure anywhere between three and twelve inches in length and are the most common home-invading pests in the Sacramento area. Rats and mice are frequent home invaders best identified by their furry bodies, pink tails, and large protruding teeth. Roof rats and Norway rats measure up to twelve inches in long and have blunt snouts and scaly tales. In contrast, smaller rodents like field mice and house mice have sharper snouts, large ears, and furry tails.
All rodent species should be considered highly dangerous and extremely aggressive. Both rats and mice have been known to attack humans and pets under pressure, leaving them with bites, scratches, or other lacerations. Rodents may also get into food items or ingredients, contaminating them with pathogens. Many of the pathogens related to rodent activity are very serious, requiring medical attention in order to treat.
Ensure that rodents stay far away from your California home by following these helpful steps:
• Store all food items in glass or plastic bins.
• Eliminate any sources of standing water in the house.
• Have your home protected with ongoing rodent control from Empyrean Pest Management.
Spiders are the most common species of arachnid found in modern Californian homes. Other insects, including ticks, are associated with the arachnid class. However, spiders are not parasitic, nor do they spread diseases. Spiders have eight legs, many eyes, and a pair of fangs. Although they all have some form of venom, not every bite will significantly affect humans. The red hourglass symbol identifies the black widow spider. Brown recluse spiders have unique fiddle-shaped markings on their abdomens. Finally, wolf spiders are large and extremely hairy spiders that can grow to about an inch and a half long.
The vast majority of spiders are nuisance pests to humans. In the wild, spiders are incredibly beneficial creatures that exterminate other harmful pest species lingering nearby. If you notice a large number of spiders making their way into your home, there could be an additional pest infestation attracting them. Although most spiders are harmless, others pose significant threats. The black widow, with its potent neurotoxin, is one of these.
Keep spiders well away from your California home by:
• Wiping away webs that form around windows and walls.
• Using waterproof caulking to seal cracks and gaps in the house.
• Having your home inspected for underlying pest activity.
Stinging Insects
Wasps, yellow jackets, centipedes, and scorpions are prominent stinging insects in California. Wasps and yellow jackets are flying insects measuring three-eights to five-eighths of an inch long, with color patterns of yellow and black. Centipedes are long and spindly insects that are anywhere between half an inch and six inches long. Finally, scorpions are large arachnids with curved, venomous tails that flip up over their backs. You can identify them by their two frontal pincers.
All stinging insects should be considered dangerous. Wasps and yellow jackets can sting multiple times and inflict painful wounds. These may prompt allergic reactions in some victims, which may be fatal. Centipede stings may be swollen and painful, sometimes resembling a bee sting. Finally, scorpion stings can inflict anaphylactic shock in victims. Certain scorpion species, including the Arizona bark scorpion, carry a type of venom that can prove fatal.
If you think stinging insects are in your area, use these tips to stay safe:
• Keep the lawn trimmed low, and prune back any protruding shrubs or tree limbs.
• Make sure to seal off any household entry points properly.
• Have your home professionally inspected for hives, colonies, or other stinging insect signs.
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Home / World Economy / World Economy News / Asia and the great reconvergence
Asia and the great reconvergence
The struggles of policymakers in North America and Europe to comprehend the transformation of the world economy and its shift to Asia in recent decades have led to a distorted picture of global change.
Most of the analysis published in Europe and North America treats Asia as a relatively small, albeit fast-growing, component of a global system dominated by the countries around the North Atlantic.
But if that characterisation were true in 1990, it is no longer an accurate description of the distribution of world economic activity in 2021, and will be wholly out of date by the middle of the next decade.
The large and rapidly growing economies of Asia are increasingly technology innovators, dynamic markets and consumers – not just passive imitators, manufacturers, processors and exporters to North America and Europe.
In 1990, East, South and Southeast Asia accounted for 25% of global economic output, compared with 55% for North America, Europe and the Soviet Union.
But by 2019, Asia’s share had increased to 41% and was rapidly approaching parity with the 43% share for North America, Western and Eastern Europe (“World development indicators”, World Bank, 2021).
By the middle of the 2020s, Asia’s combined economy will have overtaken North America and Europe. By the middle of the 2030s, Asia will likely account for more than half of global activity.
The distribution of economic activity is reverting to a pattern last seen in the 1700s, before the industrial revolution and what historian Kenneth Pomeranz described as the “great divergence” between Europe and Asia.
As recently as 1820, China, India and the rest of Asia accounted for more than half of global economic output (“Chinese economic performance in the long run”, OECD, 2007).
But the subsequent growth surge in Europe and North America left Asia and the rest of the world progressively further behind between the 1830s and the 1950s (“The Great Divergence”, Pomeranz, 2000).
The immediate aftermath of World War Two probably marked the highpoint of the Atlantic-centred global economic and political system.
Four of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council were drawn from countries around the North Atlantic, reflecting the balance of economic, political and military power in 1945.
But Asia has been catching up since the 1950s, led first by the “Asian tigers”, then the acceleration of China’s growth following reform and opening up in 1978, and more recently with India and Southeast Asia.
As a result, the Euro-Atlantic dominated economy of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is on course to be succeeded by an Asia-centred economy in the twenty-first century.
The shift will have profound consequences for the direction of trade, the location of commodity pricing, and the trajectory of carbon dioxide emissions, as well as diplomacy, governance and the balance of power.
The principal flow of energy and raw materials is already towards the consuming centres of Asia, reversing the mid-twentieth century flow from the Middle East, Africa and Latin America towards the North Atlantic.
In consequence, energy and raw materials prices will increasingly be determined predominantly by the business cycle in Asia, something which is also already increasingly apparent.
For the same reason, the future trajectory of global CO2 emissions will be primarily determined by what happens in Asia, especially the speed with which coal, oil and gas are replaced by gas and zero emission energy sources.
Inevitably, as the balance of economic activity shifts towards Asia, so too eventually will political, diplomatic and military power, reversing the westward shift in the correlates of power in previous centuries.
After two centuries of Atlantic-centrism, the consequences of shifting relative power are likely to prove unfamiliar and uncomfortable for policymakers, businesses, workers, consumers and the public in North America and Europe.
Many policymakers and commentators in Washington, London and Brussels are still struggling to comprehend the implications or develop strategies to smooth the adjustment.
Many seem to still assume the major economic and political decisions will be taken in North America and Europe, then passively transposed to Asia, in an extension of the Cold War and post-Cold War system.
But if that was the case in 1945, 1989 and even 2001, it is very unlikely to reflect the way the global economic and political system works in 2021 let alone in 2035 and 2050.
Policymakers need a much better awareness of the long-term economic forces reshaping the global system, so they can attempt to adapt and shape them – or resist and risk rupture and breakdown.
Source: Reuters (Editing by Barbara Lewis)
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Hate propaganda on the Internet
Region: Ontario Answer # 354
The Internet makes it easy for someone to distribute hateful messages to the public. This is usually referred to as “hate propaganda.” The Criminal Code of Canada recognizes three offences that relate to hate propaganda: advocating genocide, public incitement of hatred, and wilful promotion of hatred against an identifiable group. Under the Criminal Code, identifiable group means “any section of the public distinguished by colour, race, religion, ethnic origin, sexual orientation, or mental or physical disability”.
These three offences are considered to be criminal whether they are committed using a printed copy of a document or whether they are distributed over the Internet.
Advocating genocide
Advocating genocide means to promote the destruction or elimination of a race of people. For the offence of advocating genocide, the person who makes the statement will be held responsible. An Internet service provider who unknowingly allows its facilities to be used to post these statements will probably not be held responsible for the statements, but someone who posts the message on the Internet probably will be held responsible. Those responsible for such statements are guilty of an indictable (serious) offence and may be sentenced to jail for up-to five years.
Public incitement of hatred and wilful promotion of hatred
Public incitement of hatred is committed when someone makes statements in a public place that incite hatred against an identifiable group, which are likely to lead to a breach of the peace.
The third offence, wilful promotion of hatred, is committed when anyone makes statements, other than in private conversation, that wilfully promote hatred against any identifiable group. Simply saying “I hate everybody” would not be hate propaganda, but saying “I hate everybody who believes a particular religion” would be hate propaganda.
Since the offences of public incitement of hatred and wilful promotion of hatred do not cover private conversations, promoting hatred in a private email between two people would probably not be considered hate propaganda. However, statements made during an interactive chat session could be considered hate propaganda because chat sessions involve a larger number of people and chat rooms, therefore, can be considered to be a public place.
In addition to criminal penalties under the Criminal Code for individual offenders who distribute hateful messages to the public, Ontario human rights laws can be used to shut down a website and prevent hate propaganda from being distributed to the public.
If you see hate propaganda on the Internet, you should contact the police.
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Often asked: What Is The Poem Rubaiyat Of Omar Khayyam About?
The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám is a lyric poem in quatrains (four-line stanzas). Rather than telling a story with characters, a lyric poem presents the deep feelings and emotions of the poet on subjects such as life, death, love, and religion. The Rubáiyát was published in March 1859 but received little attention.
What is the meaning of Rubáiyát poem?
rubáiyát in British English (ˈruːbaɪˌjæt ) noun. prosody. (in Persian poetry) a verse form consisting of four-line stanzas. Collins English Dictionary.
What is the central idea of the Rubaiyat?
You might be interested: Question: What Is The Charge Of The Light Brigade Poem About?
What does the quote from the Rubaiyat by Omar Khayyám mean?
Context: The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám reflects the Epicurean philosophy of both the Persian poet, Omar Khayyám, and his English translator, Edward FitzGerald. Much of the poem is concerned with the brevity of life and man’s attempt to live life to the fullest during a short existence.
What does the moving finger symbolize in rubaiyat?
The “moving finger” is being used as a symbol for Fate or for Time. The point is that once the moment is past, it’s gone. There’s no way to recapture it, regardless of your prayers or cleverness or anything else.
Who said a loaf of bread a jug of wine and thou?
Omar Khayyam – A loaf of bread, a jug of wine, and thou.
What is the moral lesson of Rubaiyat?
Life is not a straight line at all. Think of how much you have already done, spoken, seen, loved and lived. But what’s more important is: think of how much you can still do but now in a different way. The time to enjoy life with prosperity and security has come.
Why is the Rubaiyat important?
What are the themes in Rubaiyat?
You might be interested: Quick Answer: What Is A Sequence Poem?
What did Omar Khayyam discover?
Omar Khayyam was an Islamic scholar who was a poet as well as a mathematician. He compiled astronomical tables and contributed to calendar reform and discovered a geometrical method of solving cubic equations by intersecting a parabola with a circle.
What is Omar Khayyam most famous for?
Omar Khayyam was a Persian astronomer, writer, poet and mathematician renowned in Iran for his scientific achievements. English-speaking readers know of his extraordinary work through the translation of his collection of hundreds of quatrains (or rubais) in Rubaiyat, an 1859 work on the “the Astronomer-Poet of Persia”.
What is the only certain thing in life according to the poet in Rubaiyat?
Oh, Wilderness were Paradise enow! To talk; one thing is certain, that Life flies; One thing is certain, and the Rest is Lies; The Flower that once has blown forever dies.
Did Omar Khayyam write the Rubaiyat?
What 19th century English poet is best known as the translator into English of the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam ‘?
Edward FitzGerald or Fitzgerald (31 March 1809 – 14 June 1883) was an English poet and writer. His most famous poem is the first and best known English translation of The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, which has kept its reputation and popularity since the 1860s.
Was the Rubaiyat on Titanic?
An actual copy of the Rubaiyat was actually aboard the real RMS Titanic, but was lost in the sinking.
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Solar Cookers
Nearly two-thirds of the world’s population does not have access to modern forms of energy. Close to three billion people across the globe use wood, coal or dung to cook their food. Solar cookers are a simple, proven and cheap solution to this problem.
fr- Les fours solaires
A curved concentrator cooker ("parabolic") in a village in Zambia. © THINKSTOCK
You don't need to be an engineer to build a solar cooker. Most of the time, a piece of cardboard, a pair of scissors and some aluminum foil will do the trick. It’s simple and available to everyone. A cardboard box can be used to make a box cooker1 and a folded windshield shade can be turned into a curved concentrator (parabolic) cooker.2
Makeshift Yes, Gadget No
Solar cookers are easy to make. Fitted with concentrators and positioned to face the sun, they typically reach a temperature of 150°C. Food cooks slowly, but because solar energy is free and abundant, the cookers offer significant cost savings. They also provide other advantages:
• In addition to cooking food, they can sterilize water.
• They protect women’s health by reducing respiratory and eye diseases caused by exposure to smoke from burning wood, coalCoal is ranked by its degree of transformation or maturity, increasing in carbon content from... and dung.
• By eliminating the need to gather wood, a chore that can require long hours of walking, they make life easier for women.
• They prevent deforestation, desertification and carbon dioxide emissions. A single cooker can cut greenhouse gases by one ton per year.
fr - fours solaires 3
A box solar cooker with panels to reflect the Sun's rays. © THINKSTOCK
Different Types of Solar Cookers
There are three basic models:
Cooking time depends on the type of equipment used (parabolic reflectors are faster), the amount of available sunlight and the quantity of food to be cooked.
Various NGOs are dedicated to promoting solar cooking. Some organizations are involved in Africa, at refugee camps in Kenya and Chad, schools in Rwanda and villages in Burkina Faso, while others are supporting initiatives in India or among the Andean communities of Peru and Bolivia.
Sources :
(1) Ekopedia
(2) Solarcooking |
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When AI Becomes Intuitive
How faster, deeper, more intelligent AI is changing business
recent article from The New York Timesreports that for the first time, an AI system was able to pass both an 8thgrade and 12thgrade science test. Aristo, as the system is called, demonstrates the progress made in developing technology that can comprehend language and mimic the logic, reason and decision-making of the human brain.
I sat down with Rashed Haq, Global Head of AI & Data at Publicis Sapient, to discuss the business implications of systems like Aristo and how advancements in AI are primed to disrupt virtually every industry.
Computer generated data visualization
Natural language processing expedites information-gathering and analysis
Systems like Aristo make use of natural language processing (NLP), which incorporates principles of linguistics, computer science, information engineering, and artificial intelligence to train computers to process and analyze significant amounts of information. In recent years, major strides have been made to build language models that conduct data mining, but also simulate very rudimentary types of reasoning. This allows these programs to understand the material and present them in a meaningful way to humans.
According to Haq, one area where this technology can have major implications is healthcare, as the amount of medical information doubles every 73 days. Doctors and other health professionals can use this technology to collect, analyze and summarize relevant information. It can also be used to process test results or compare medical records, lab results or clinical trial data. For example, a recent study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute used deep NLP models to review more than 14,000 medical records. The models provided accurate curation that matched those annotations provided by humans—presumably at a fraction of the time and cost.
Looking to the future, this technology is likely to have the same effect on any type of research, from financial asset management and investment research to product development or food safety.
Generative adversarial networks reduce research and improve design
While AI models typically work to identify patterns, generative adversarial networks (GANs) work in the opposite way, pitting two back-to-back models against one another—hence the term “adversarial.” Using this system, one model creates an output, which can be an image, music, speech or written words, while the other determines if the output of the generator is distinguishable from a known good result (e.g.a photo taken with a camera or a sentence written by a human).As the first model continues to iterate, the discriminator tests validity—with the former looking for ways to outsmart the latter. Eventually, the first model produces an output that the discriminator cannotdistinguish between “real” and manufactured.
Haq shares an example from Insilico Medicine to demonstrate how the GAN model helped radically shorten the research phase of the drug-development process. Using a GAN model, the company was able to test 30,000 different compounds and determine a precise molecule that could be used for animal and human testing—shortening the research timeline from 2-3 years to just 46 days.
Obviously, this is a dramatic reduction in time. However, this GAN also has significant cost implications, as companies in various industries can avoid lengthy research periods and help scientists work more productively while producing better results. For example, Autodesk, a company that manufactures parts for cars and planes, uses this technology to create new design components. Partnering with Airbus, they developed a 3-D cabin partition that was stronger than the original, but half the weight.
Deep reinforcement learning improves sequential decision making
One of the most recent developments in AI is deep reinforcement learning (DRL). This model uses trial and error to fulfill a set objective within a defined environment. Initially, DRL was made popular by gaming applications, such as AlphaGo and AlphaZero, which were developed by Google DeepMind.
However, DRL also has powerful business implications. At its core, this technology can assist organizations in process configuration and sequential decision making. For example, by analyzing and optimizing sequences, DRL can determine optimal traffic configurations, dictating precisely when and where to change signals. This model can also be used to optimize resources at data centers and control network traffic. Looking to an effective use case, Google deployed a program similar to AlphaGo to reduce its data center cooling bill by 40 percent
From Artificial to Real: How companies can begin their advanced AI journey
An expert with a combined 20 years of experience in the fields of AI and analytics, Haq works with organizations from a variety of industries, including financial services, retail, healthcare, energy and automotive, to help them understand how to leverage this technology. As a first step, he works with clients to brainstorm AI use cases and develop a business case. They then map the use cases with different algorithms and models. Finally, they lay out what additional data is needed to begin the project.
Nova Halliwell
Nova Halliwell
Thought Leadership |
• Damon Swisher
Motion of the Ocean: The Oscillating Wave Generator
Marine Energy: How Possible Is It?
Well, the truth is: EXTREMELY Possible! Over the last few years (and I mean it, like over the last 20 years) the ocean energy generation industry has been bursting with ideas, though unfortunately their coverage remains relatively low. It's likely because the efficiency of the abundant projects varies considerably, so few of them are likely to be the saving grace against the call for fossil fuel reduction.
That being said, the options are there. Some of them are low-hanging fruit, like using hydrodam-type technology; while others tend to be a lot more creative. The Oscillating Wave Surge Converter (or OWSC for short) is one such project. You can read further studies and details about it here.
Check out our article on buoys that generate energy using the ocean waves here if you're interested in wave energy!
What Is It!?
Have you seen those oscillating wind turbine structures? Those are pretty cool - if you haven't, I attached a picture below.
Basically the way these work; when wind interacts with the flute structure, it causes the flute to vibrate back and forth. That vibration is converted into energy. Pretty cool, right? These are also candidates for oceanic energy harvesting as well; but the OWSC is using the ocean directly, so they will be the focus for this article.
The OWSC works in much the same way - except instead of a blade, it uses a plate, or paddle. The paddle is fairly large; in some models, it can extend above the ocean surface to capture the momentum from the total wave surge.
Essentially, the moving water particles beneath the surface of the water created during a wave surge near the shore are harvested by the OWSC, whose paddle is allowed to rotate around an access on an anchored platform as shown in the image above. This rotation compresses a hydraulic piston, which is connected in series to a generator system which is then connected to shore power. Some combinations have the piston connected to a hydraulic line full of pressurized fluid, which feeds to a turbine on shore.
The efficiency of these devices is debated, as a single paddle/converter structure is not predicted to exceed even 1 MW of energy generation. That being said, the strategy suggested for these devices would be able to breach that number if the paddles are lined up in parallel, capturing as much of the wave surge near-shore as possible. In other words - as more development, study, and planning is conducted, these could become a coastal community power generation replacement! They are extremely green, pose little risk to the environment in their area, and aren't a threat to aquatic life.
It's possible the OWSC could be another candidate for near-shore power generation for near-shore marine sensors and oceanographic equipment, like the solution deployed by Ocean Power Technologies.
If you enjoy this type of content, you should seriously consider following TheVast on Twitter and Facebook, and subscribing on Youtube for out multiple series of fun and informative videos about the ocean and marine technology! If you'd like to go a step further, you can also subscribe to our newsletter for bi-weekly updates on the biggest oceanic news!
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Rockpool Creatures
• SEA LIFE, Rockpool
The amazing micro-habitats full of incredible creatures!
Rockpools are made from water left behind when the tide goes out. Lots of different creatures live in these shallow pools – they all need to be tough to adapt to different temperatures and waves crashing overhead!
If you're exploring Rockpools at the beach, remember these important rules:
• Safety first: Make sure you’re with an adult and only explore when the tide is going out. Wear non-slip shoes.
• Be kind to creatures: Put any rocks back carefully and try not to the disturb creatures you find. Never take them home with you!
Star Fish
Starfish are found in every ocean in the world! There are over 2000 known species, each one is full of surprises!
Starfish have no brain, heart or blood! What they do have is a specialised stomach. They can eject part of it out of their body to digest food much bigger than their mouth, and then suck it all back in to finish digesting it... Gross!
Chocolate Chip Starfish
Did you know?
• A starfish can drop an arm at will if it needs to? If one is grabbed by a hungry predator they will drop it off and make their escape, eventually growing a new arm to replace it!
• Most starfish have 5 arms but some species can have up to 24! Starfish have hundreds of little tube feet which they use to walk, stick to rockfaces and respire!
Guests at the Rockpools at SEA LIFE Weymouth
Rockpool Experience
Watch out for the tide! At the Rockpool, you'll find creatures native to the UK. Make your way over the bridge at the back and if you're there long enough, the tide will wash in - caution, you will get wet!
If you go to the seaside it's always wise to look but don't touch as other species can give you a nasty sting, such as the beautiful, purple Snakelock Anemone.
Jewel Anemone
Anemone Facts
• Sea Anemones are in fact animals and are closely related to Jellyfish and Corals. They have no brain heart or blood, but that doesn't stop them from being great predators!
• Stinging tentacles help Anemones to catch tiny plankton which they draw into their mouth. Don't worry though as all the Sea Anemones you'll find in our Rockpool are safe to touch as their stings are too weak for us to feel.
Carcinus Maenas
Crabs are crustaceans along with Lobsters and Shrimp. Crabs have eight legs and two claws.
Instead of having a bony skeleton like we do, crustaceans have an external skeleton which protects their body like a suit of armour!
As Crabs grow, they sometimes get too big for their shell! Can you guess what they do next? They wriggle out of a hatch in the back of it, and grow themselves a whole new, bigger shell.
The Crabs in our Rockpool are Common Shore Crabs. Their reddish-brown colouring helps them to hide in the sand and look like a stone, so predators don't spot them! |
Government shutdown: What happens to Social Security, SNAP, VA benefits and more?
The U.S. Senate failed on Monday to pass a measure that would have suspended the federal debt ceiling and stave off a partial government shutdown set for the end of this week.
>> Read more trending news
The bill, introduced by Senate Democrats, sought to pass a measure that funds the government through Dec. 3, and suspends the debt ceiling through Dec. 16, 2022. The measure had already been approved by the House.
Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Kentucky, said of the vote that Republicans are not willing to pass any measure that would raise or suspend the debt ceiling.
“We will support a clean continuing resolution that will prevent a government shutdown,” McConnell said. “We will not provide Republican votes for raising the debt limit.”
Majority Leader Sen. Chuck Schumer, D-New York, said he had hoped Republicans would join with Democrats to pass the measure and avoided a shutdown of the federal government.
“There is a very simple step we can take today to guarantee the government won’t default and won’t shut down,” Schumer said on the floor Monday.
“To do otherwise is the height of recklessness, irresponsibility,” Schumer added.
While both parties have promised to work to fund federal government operations before the midnight Thursday deadline for money to run out, so far, Congress has enacted no appropriations bills that would set discretionary spending levels for the next year.
What will happen to such programs as Social Security, veterans benefits and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) if the government shuts down? Here’s what we know about the shutdown now.
What does it mean when the government shuts down?
A government shutdown happens when Congress fails to pass bills to fund federal agencies and programs.
There are two types of spending in the federal government — mandatory spending and discretionary spending.
Mandatory spending is just that, spending that is required by law for specific programs. The remaining money in the federal budget is known as discretionary funds. Usually, discretionary funds make up about 30% of the national budget.
Each year, Congress must pass budget legislation that consists of 12 appropriations bills that fund programs for the next fiscal year which begins on Oct. 1.
So far, none of those bills have been passed by Congress.
If the appropriations bills are not passed, or, in their place, a continuing resolution (more about that below) is not enacted, then the agencies that depend on those funds will have to shut down.
The shutdown means that the agencies must stop all non-essential discretionary functions until a funding bill has been passed and signed into law by the president.
Some functions paid for by discretionary funds are deemed “essential” services. Those essential services will continue, as do all the mandatory spending programs.
Is the shutdown likely to happen?
The White House told agencies last week to prepare for a shutdown. After Monday’s failed vote, we are closer to a shutdown, but it is not a done deal yet.
What is a continuing resolution, and what does it have to do with a government shutdown?
A continuing resolution, or “CR,” is legislation that funds government operations at the current spending level.
CRs can fund the government for days, weeks or months. A CR that passed the House last week would fund the government through Dec. 3. It must still pass the Senate and be signed by President Joe Biden.
What is the debt ceiling?
It’s the limit on how much money the federal government is allowed to borrow to pay for certain services.
The current borrowing limit is $28.4 trillion.
What happens if Congress does not raise the debt ceiling?
If the limit is not raised, the government will run out of money to service the debt the country owes. That would happen sometime in October, according to Treasury Sec. Janet Yellen. The government would not be able to pay for its purchases or any other federal obligations.
The U.S. has never defaulted on its debts. Because of that record, the country can borrow money at low rates.
How are agencies affected if the government shuts down?
There is no one plan for all agencies of government in the event of a shutdown. Each agency has its own plan, and the plans are coordinated through the Office of Management and Budget.
Whether an agency furloughs its federal employees during a shutdown depends on how the agency is funded.
If it is an agency with mandatory funding, generally, it remains open. If the agency falls under the umbrella of discretionary funding, then it will most likely be closed, and the employees sent home.
An exception would be if the agency has essential duties to perform. Those generally have to do with public safety, such as law enforcement, air traffic control and maintenance of the power grid.
If that is the case, then the employees come to work, but are not paid to be there. In the past, they have received their pay after a resolution is passed that authorizes the back pay.
Here are where certain agencies and services fall in a government shutdown:
Social Security: Social Security checks are still delivered in the event of a shutdown. However, such things as benefit verification and card issuance would be put on hold until the shutdown is over.
Medicare services: Medicare services will continue, at least for a time.
Veterans Administration: VA care and services will continue. Disabled veterans, dependents and survivors would continue to receive their payments from the VA.
The U.S. Postal Service: Mail will be delivered in the event of a shutdown. The U.S. Postal Service is an independent agency.
Air travel: Transportation Security Administration officers and Federal Aviation Administration air traffic controllers are considered to be “essential” federal workers, so they continue to work during any shutdown. They would be working without pay.
COVID-19: According to an agency shutdown plan reported by Reuters, 62% of employees at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control could be furloughed
The Department of Health and Human Services’ shutdown plan says the CDC “will continue full support” for public health needs, according to Reuters.
“The agency is certainly going to be operating at lower efficiency,” said David Reich, a former congressional staffer now at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities think tank.
“The worst time in the world we want to shut down the government is in the middle of a pandemic where we have 140,000 people a day getting infected and 2,000 people a day dying,” Dr. Anthony Fauci told the Washington Post last week. “That’s the time when you want the government working full blast to address this.”
IRS: The Internal Revenue Service would furlough the majority of its employees, though some would stay to process what they can when it comes to tax returns.
Child Tax Credit: It is expected that the monthly Child Tax Credit would be processed by those still at the IRS.
Food inspection: The EPA would put a hold on food inspections.
National Parks: During the 2013 shutdown, national parks were closed. During the 2018-19 shutdown, most parks remained open but without visitor services.
The National Institutes of Health: The NIH would not admit new patients.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: SNAP funding is mandatory, but CRs often only authorize benefits for 30 days after a shutdown begins. SNAP is commonly known as the food stamp program. |
European School Partnership for Sustainability (ESPS)
Use of water in our school
The ecological footprint is affected by many factors, as transportation, food, energy etc. Our aim is to examine the contribution of water consumption in our schools ecological footprint. To reach our aims we put some simple questions.
• Where and how do we use water?
• Why do we use water at school?
• Could we reduce the amount of water that we use? What?s the difference with last year?s measurements?
Firstly, we consume water at outside taps, where students can quench their thirst. Sometimes taps are licking water and they need to be fixed. It might seem a minor consequence, but at the end of the day we end up with a large amount of wasted drinkable water in litres. In order to reduce the amount of water wasted, we should change the tap system entirely, replacing the existing ones with taps that use buttons instead of levers.
Secondly, water is also used in flushing toilets. We don?t own an eco-friendly cistern system, so even if we don?t need all the water that?s in the container, it is still going to be all emptied. Also, what we could use isa robust polyethylene bag, which is sat at the bottom of the cistern. When the toilet is flushed, up to 3 liters of water is held in the bag. The fact that we do not own such a system costs us a lot of water that could be used in other ways.
According to our recent studies, we found out that during the period of 40 weeks we consumed around 229.000 lit. That shows us that approximately every student used 729,3 lit every year. While that number is not huge, it could be reduced. That?s what we aimed for 2014.
When we got the results we were pleasantly surprised. During the same period of time (40 weeks) our school used around 180.000 lit. That brings us to the conclusion that we reduced our ?energy footprint? as regarding water, by (229.000 ? 180.000) 49 thousand (49.000) litres.
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April is Sikh Heritage Month
With half a million Sikh Canadians residing in Canada, Sikh communities and culture are something to celebrate
In 2019 the Canadian Parliament passed the Sikh Heritage Month Act, designating the month of April as Sikh Heritage Month across Canada for centuries to come. Canada was the first nation to recognize Sikh Heritage Month as law.
By designating April as Sikh Heritage Month, Parliament chose to not only highlight but celebrate significant contributions Sikh communities have made and continue to make to Canada’s social, economic, political and cultural heritage.
April is an important month for Sikh Communities across Canada. In April, Sikh Canadians celebrate Vaisakhi, which serves as a reminder to the Sikh community of the creation of the Khalsa order and, more so precisely, the Panji Piare, which translates to “the beloved five.”
During the first-ever Vaisakhi in 1699, the 10th Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, tested his followers’ courage. In front of crowds of people with a sword in hand, he asked if any volunteers would sacrifice their lives for their religion. One by one, five men came forward and joined the Guru inside of his tent. Soon after, the five men emerged—alive and wearing turbans. The five men who emerged are known as the Panji Piare and were declared the first members of the Khalsa order by the 10th Guru of the Sikhs after being baptized.
The Khalsa order promotes justice and equality for the creation of a more equal and just society, commits to wearing the five articles of faith, and practices daily meditation. Sikh Heritage Month enables Sikh communities to enhance Sikh awareness and organize Vaisakhi celebrations more so extravagantly.
Vaisakhi is usually celebrated on April 13 and begins with a visit to the gurdwara, Sikh’s place of worship. After religious services wrap up, a day of celebration takes place. Sikh individuals usually wear colourful clothing or traditional garb and take part in parades, singing and dancing. On Vaisakhi, Sikh communities also offer community members free food per a tradition called langar, where all community members, no matter how wealthy or poor, come together to share a meal.
Canada is home to over 500,000 Sikh-Canadians and therefore represents one of the most prominent Sikh diasporas in the world. Within a statement made by the Minister of Diversity and Inclusion and Youth, Minister Bardish Chagger stated, “since the arrival of the first Sikh immigrants in the late 19th century, members of this community have contributed to Canada through their achievements in all areas of society and have helped shape the diversity found within it.”
She went on to add, “Sikhism’s core principles include equality, generosity, openness, and compassion. Sikh Heritage Month is an opportunity to reflect on the pivotal role that Sikh communities have played, and continue to play, in building a stronger and consciously more inclusive Canada.”
“As Minister of Diversity and Inclusion and Youth, and on behalf of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and the Government of Canada, I invite Canadians of all backgrounds to learn more about the unique history and culture of Sikh communities in Canada. I wish everyone a very happy Sikh Heritage Month! Keep well and safe.” |
Which countries of East Africa are island nations?
A few of the island nations that East Africa encompasses include Mauritius, Seychelles, and Comoros. Other parts of East Africa are the notable French territories that are considered to be part of East Africa even though they are technically ruled by foreign countries.
Which African nations have islands?
Sovereign island nations
• Union of the Comoros.
• Republic of Madagascar.
• Republic of Mauritius.
• Republic of Seychelles.
• Republic of Cape Verde.
• Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe.
• Mayotte.
• Réunion.
How many island nations are in Africa?
What island country is east of Africa?
Mauritius, island country in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa.
What African country is closest to Italy?
What is tunisia? Definition: African country closest to Italian shores.
Can you buy an island and make it a country?
Originally Answered: Can you buy an island from a country? You can buy an island, just as you can buy a farm, or any other piece of land, in most countries.
AMAZING: Your question: When did the East Africa food crisis start?
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Why Frank Capone Was Even More Bloodthirsty Than His Brother Al
Published May 24, 2018
Updated April 27, 2021
Al may be the most famous Capone, but he was far from the deadliest.
Frank Capone
Frank Capone was born in 1895, the middle child of three boys born to Theresa Capone who launched the most infamous Chicago-area gang in the 1920s during the Prohibition era. Not much is known about Frank’s life, but his death bloody death in April 1924 is well-documented.
Two Brothers With Different Ways Of Getting What They Want
Al Capone Mugshot
Wikimedia CommonsThe mugshot of Al Capone, the brother of Frank Capone, from the 1930s.
Al’s motto was, “Always try to deal before you have to kill,” Frank had no such predisposition. Frank would say, “You never get no talk back from no corpse.”
As such, mafia historians believe Frank Capone ordered the deaths of at least 500 people in his short career. Capone’s credo for carnage would come back to haunt him at the end of his life, though also potentially save his little brother’s life in the process.
The Bloody Elections In Cicero
Democrats were mounting a serious charge against Joseph Z. Klenha, the Republican mayor and a puppet of the Capone-Torrio families.
It was all hands on deck to ensure Capone’s interests prevailed in Cicero. The family had been kicked out of Chicago, so it moved its operations to the nearby suburb where it ran speakeasies, taverns, and whorehouses during Prohibition. Klenha supported the open debauchery in defiance of anti-alcohol laws.
On the night before the election, Frank Capone led a team of his gang to the office of Democrat William Pflaum who was running for town clerk. Capone’s gang roughed him up and destroyed his office.
The police weren’t particularly interested in stopping it, as some officers were likely on Capone’s payroll.
The following day, the actual election saw even more turmoil. Frank Capone didn’t want to leave his fortunes to chance. He sent his gang into Cicero to make sure citizens voted for Klenha instead of the opposition candidate.
Anyone who said they were voting for Democrats had their ballot confiscated by one of Capone’s gang. The mobster then marked the ballot for a Republican candidate, returned it to the voter, and then escorted the voter to the ballot box.
Election officials weren’t capable of stopping the Capone gang because they had no weapons or firepower to combat several armed men at polling places. Any officials who spoke up against the gang members were kidnapped until the end of the election while three people were shot to death and another one had his throat slashed.
Prohibition Raid In Ontario
Wikimedia Commons A raid in Ontario during Prohibition, a common scene when authorities seized alcohol.
Capone’s gangs shot one Democratic campaign worker in both legs, took him to a Chicago-area hotel, and eight Democrats joined him to watch over their injured comrade.
By late afternoon, citizens of Cicero banded together to save their town. County judge Edmund K. Jarecki deputized 70 Chicago police officers who rushed to the scene. Having dealt with Capone before, Chicago police knew how to effectively confront his gang. Some of them arrived in limousines and unmarked cars to disguise their presence until the last possible moment.
As cars pulled up, Frank Capone wasn’t sure if it was a rival gang arriving. He took no chances.
As soon as the car doors opened, Frank opened fire. His shots missed two officers arriving on the scene. Before Capone could fire again, he was fatally shot at point-blank range.
Al Capone escaped the carnage and would run the family’s empire from this point on. If Frank had waited for the officers to get out of the cars before shooting at them, chances are they would have shot his younger brother as well.
Despite the bloodshed, the Republicans still won the election.
Frank Capone’s funeral was a massive affair. The gambling joints and whorehouses in Cicero closed for two hours to pay tribute to the elder Capone. Al purchased a silver-festooned coffin for his elder brother and the coffin was surrounded by $20,000 worth of flowers. So many people sent flowers for condolences, the Capone family needed 15 cars to carry them to the cemetery.
Even more bizarrely, the police officer who fired the fatal shot made an appearance at the funeral and expressed his sympathy.
The Capone family was so entrenched in Chicago in 1924 that Frank’s funeral was lavish enough for an elder statesman. Somehow, Capone’s trail of death throughout his career didn’t diminish his legendary status.
Next, check out Frank James, brother of outlaw Jesse. Then, check out these photos of what life was like in the 1980s mafia.
William DeLong |
The Republic of India is a country located in South Asia.
It borders China to the north, the Indian Ocean to the south, Pakistan and the Arabian Sea to the west and Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and the Gulf of Bengal to the east. India is also close to the islands of Sri Lanka, the Maldives and Indonesia. Its land area covers 3.3 million sq. km., making it the seventh largest country worldwide. It is the second most populous country in the world, with more than 1.25 billion inhabitants. It is projected to surpass China as the world's most populous nation in ____
India's capital is New Delhi, while its most populated urban center is Mumbai, also known as Bombay, with 12 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area of more than 20 million people. The official languages are Hindi and English, along with 22 other co-official languages. Its official currency is the Indian Rupee (INR)
The Indian economy is the seventh largest worldwide and the third in terms of purchasing power parity. It is also one of the fastest growing economies, and is strongly diversified, from traditional agricultural activities and handicrafts in small villages, to a great diversity of modern industries and services. Slightly more than half of the workforce is employed in agriculture, but the service sector is the most important part of the country's economy, accounting for half of the national GDP.
India's main agricultural and livestock products include rice, wheat, oilseeds, pepper, cotton, jute, tea, sugar cane, potatoes, water buffaloes, sheep, goats, poultry and fish. Its main industries are textiles, chemicals, food processing, steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining, oil, machinery and software. India is a major exporter of technology and software services. Other exports include petroleum products, some textiles, precious stones, engineering goods, chemicals and leathers.
Flag Theory is a strategic internationalization process aimed at allocating specific elements of personal finances and business in strategic locations to improve freedom, privacy and wealth.
Below, you can find how to do business and set up a company in India, investment opportunities, banking options and how to get residency and citizenship in this South Asian nation. |
‘Lying like an epitaph’ is one adage which cannot be adduced in the normal sense to Henry’s epitaph on the Meusan plates, because it was not written by others but by himself. As we saw in the elucidation of the Gesta Stephani, Henry Blois needs his legacy in history to be that of a good man. He is very vain in the way he wants to control his own legacy and genuinely feels others in posterity should see him as the benevolent Venerable Bishop.
We can say exactly the same for the following poetical piece as Henry’s vanity extended to being remembered well:
When the hastening light has withdrawn at the setting of the sun,
Henry, the noble Bishop, is dead.
The fading hours of his life worry us,
He has passed free from his bodily prison.
What is his death here but a passing or escape from death?
For whom after this life, will be everlasting?
The people without a pastor, over such a funeral for their father
Shall weep, senseless, and feel pain at having outlived him now.
The monks shall raise complaints, draw out sighs.
Henceforth the clergy shall bedew their faces and cheeks with tears.
Deadly rumour stirs each sex to mourn,
Everywhere casting down old sorrows,
Whatever age appears how much more mature.
As piety compels, is turned to tears.
All to be pained, recall a source of equal grief,
No one is believed to be equal to such a man.
He, renowned in morals, famous in life on birth,
He makes no one his pedigree with nobility.
Judge of justice, law, and patron of faith,
What is right, whatever is wrong he took long care to know.
Among priests, on the pulpit,
Exalted, he taught whomever, as seemed fitting.
How wise, how fluent he was in sermon
And brief in eloquence, scarcely either my reason
Or sermon shows, I double in this way, strong in gift:
He was the Cicero of our time,
Son of the generous stock of Kings, gem of parents,
And he was a glory of the world, the summit of religion.
The guide of the Kingdom, the defence and hope of the powerful,
Staff of the weak, loving covenant of peace.
Rome, head of the world, rich in foreign treasures,
Has been made wealthier by his gift.
The cities of Italy, which are from the Alps within,
Hold famous the name of Noble Henry,
But the land of his birth first was Gaul
He knew his plan and work for a long time.
His direction subjected to the direction of his kind.
In no part was he empty of the honour of his praise,
So that I may reveal the truth, which I have seen in our time,
All England obeyed his rule.
Shall I report each one? Which are greater in the narration,
Greater the series, by the purpose of the theme,
But how much this my brief letter requires an end.
I wish to add enough, few notes, to many.
Tell me the pontiff who functioned with so much honour,
How he conquered the flesh, how he overcame it?
A model of life, his radiance shines on in the world,
Free of blemish, by the ornament of modesty,
The fleeting seductions of pleasure do not tempt his mind.
A love of levity claimed none of that.
Honourably, he relieved hunger for the bread and thirst for drink,
What remains shall be cut short, he rejoices only to love.
In great wealth, in a heap of riches,
He was generous to the poor and sparing with himself.
Whatever he kept in his time, he raised prayer
For the utility of nature, reason alone the reigns.
He extended the habits of virtue to every condition
He thought that it were wicked to fall into vice.
Strict rest, humble sleep, continuous fast,
Press upon you lest your limbs swell from sleep.
Oh grief! He is your, Oh grace, rich foster son!
Ripped from us, the world pains at his loss.
Death has no rule over him, because it withdraws conquered,
Life rejoices that he is the victor.
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Home » What do the numbers in a man page mean?
What do the numbers in a man page mean?
The number corresponds to what section of the manual that page is from; 1 is user commands, while 8 is sysadmin stuff. The man page for man itself (man man) explains it and lists the standard ones:
The standard sections of the manual include:
1 User Commands
2 System Calls
3 C Library Functions
4 Devices and Special Files
5 File Formats and Conventions
6 Games et. al.
7 Miscellanea
8 System Administration tools and Daemons
Distributions customize the manual section to their specifics,
which often include additional sections.
There are certain terms that have different pages in different sections (e.g. printf as a command appears in section 1, as a stdlib function appears in section 3); in cases like that you can pass the section number to man before the page name to choose which one you want, or use man -a to show every matching page in a row:
$ man 1 printf
$ man 3 printf
$ man -a printf
You can tell what sections a term falls in with man -k (equivalent to the apropos command). It will do substring matches too (e.g. it will show sprintf if you run man -k printf), so you need to use ^term to limit it:
$ man -k '^printf'
printf (1) - format and print data
printf (1p) - write formatted output
printf (3) - formatted output conversion
printf (3p) - print formatted output
Note that the section can sometimes include a subsection (e.g., the p in 1p and 3p above). The p subsection is for POSIX specifications; the x subsection is for X Window System documentation.
The history of these section numbers goes back to the original Unix Programmer’s Manual by Thompson and Ritchie in 1971.
The original sections were
1. Commands
2. System calls
3. Subroutines
4. Special files
5. File formats
6. User-maintained programs
7. Miscellaneous
konqueror also describes non-standard sections: (thanks to @greg0ire for the idea)
0 Header files
0p Header files (POSIX)
1 Executable programs or shell commands
1p Executable programs or shell commands (POSIX)
2 System calls (functions provided by the kernel)
3 Library calls (functions within program libraries)
3n Network Functions
3p Perl Modules
4 Special files (usually found in /dev)
5 File formats and conventions eg /etc/passwd
6 Games
8 System administration commands (usually only for root)
9 Kernel routines
l Local documentation
n New manpages
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Tricks to improve your probability aptitudes
Probability is an important subject for people who want to operate in data analysis, consultancies, and data sciences. There has been a surge in probability issues; that is why there is a requirement to improve probability skills. It is the same reason why there is an integration of the topic with big data analytics, a popular subject of artificial intelligence, and machine learning.
Know which tricks can be applied to help enhance probability skills
Emphasis on Knowing the Probability Concepts
It is advisable not to get by heart the probability rule and formulas. All you require is to comprehend the theories and what you are doing. And when not clear, can get improved by learning apps to enhance your probability. It is an adequate option to seek help rather than memorizing. Since it will be harder to understand the problems successfully, it will be difficult to ensure good grades. Always take your time to discern what you are doing to enhance your probability skills.
Rework on New Concepts and Practice All the Problems
Avert jumping directly to solving problems, and it can be hindering and lead to confusion. Limit time and study your books and rework on the notes given by your teachers. Alternatively, when in class, confirm that you pay attention and take fair notes. When the teacher offers practice problems, assure you finish them on time. It is the nicest time to comprehend what you understand and strengthen your skills.
Solve All the Additional Problems
It is useful to spare sufficient time to practice. If you have challenges with a particular module or topic, assure you practise more to enhance and solve any issues. The best technique is, to begin with, the easier problems of the same category as you move to twisted ones. However, when you confront any complex work, ask for assistance in getting to the solution.
Alter the Word Problems Up
Some learners have a more problematic time understanding probability theories, unlike other learners. The advisable manner would be to examine the problems out loud and even illustrate the problem. When you can imagine/visualize, it will deliver a better kind to promote probability skills.
Connect Probability with Real Life
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Always Study Online
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You require to Know the Difference between AND/OR
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Maya: Modeling from a Source Image
Apply knowledge of tools and techniques in Maya to create a 3D model of a character using reference images.
We will work through the process of creating a character model of a simple penguin in class. We will learn to import images to use for reference in our project. We will use numerous tools in Maya to create our model.
Turn In:
When finished with your penguin, use the snipping tool to capture multiple images from different angles with your edges visible on the mesh. I want to see your edge flow. Post the images to your blog.
Adobe Illustrator: Gang of Ninjas
I can use common adobe illustrator tools effectively with a 70% accuracy.
Following the given instructions, the student will use shape, text, and pen tools to create a vector image of a Gang of Ninjas. The student will also demonstrate their ability to effectively use fill and stroke, manipulate shapes, and create characters is various poses. Feel free to get creative as you work.
create a gang of ninjas |
4 things that lower your immune system organs
Immune System Organs
Immune system organs are vital as they protect the body, and we have to use every means to do what is appropriate to safeguard it.
Do you have lower immune system organs? If yes, then you need to be cautious and see a doctor for the necessary steps because it may be more prone to constant infections in the body.
Immune system organs made up the body’s immune system with white blood cells, antibodies, and other components, including lymph nodes and organs.
Many disorders can lower the immune system organs and may even cause a person to become immunocompromised, and it can range from mild to severe. We discover that it can be from birth, while others from environmental factors, which includes:
• Malnutrition
• Viral hepatitis
• HIV
• Certain types of cancer
• Medical treatments
With the explanation above, it should come as no surprise that washing your hands often, getting enough sleep, and some other things can protect you from viruses and germs. And most people don’t know that factors in your life could be compromising your body’s ability to guide itself.
Many people don’t have time to rest; your level of stress, how you drink, how much physical activity you get, and the air you receive take a toll on your immune system organs.
Signs of a lower Immune system organs
One of the primary signs or symptoms of a lower immune system is susceptibility to infection. At the same time, those who get this infection result from weak immune system organs.
Here are infections that most people with a weak immune system get include:
• Meningitis
• Bronchitis
• Pneumonia
• Skin infections
In this article, we are going to look at the factors that lower the immune system organs.
Four things that lower your immune system organs
Anxiety can affect your immune system because stress and too much worry aren’t germed fighters. You can get your immune system organs to weaken by having anxious thoughts every time.
Frequent stress takes an even bigger problem and makes it harder to fend off the flu, shingles, herpes, and other viruses.
The best thing is to see your doctor about it if you can’t overcome your anxiety and gets into everyday life.
Sedentary Lifestyle
This aspect lacks some crucial factors you need to practice; a sedentary lifestyle means sitting and avoiding exercise can affect your body’s ability to fight infection in your body. Studies show that in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Regardless of age, gender, and other harmful habits like smoking and drinking, a sedentary lifestyle is joined to an increased risk for premature death.
Even 30 minutes of exercise can help prevent, as NIMH advises, cause inactivity to lead to an impaired immune system, inflammation, and other chronic diseases.
Lack of low Vitamin D
Immune system organs
Immune system organs
Lack of low vitamin D in the body is not good enough as you know that you need it for strong bones and healthy blood cells.
Another thing is that it helps boost your immune system. Start eating eggs, fatty fish, and fortified foods like milk and cereal.
Then sunlight can be another critical source, maybe in the summer, just 5-15 minutes of rays on your hands, face, and arms like 2-3 times a week is enough.
Certain Medications
Immune system organs
Those are the drugs that treat allergies, arthritis, lupus, IBS, and organs transplant. An example is Corticosteroids, as are TNF inhibitors for inflammation and chemotherapy for cancer. Make sure you talk with your doctor before you adjust any prescription medication.
These four factors can significantly help boost and maintain your immune system organs without having any virus infection in the body.
Don’t do self-medication if you are experiencing any symptoms or signs of infection in your body.
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Valonia ventricosa (wikipedia.org)
132 points by Szpadel on July 25, 2019 | hide | past | favorite | 39 comments
I think it's a bit of a cheat to call these things single-celled. They're really lots of cells where the cells are connected by cytoplasmic bridges.
Sure, topologically that's the same, but biology isn't topology. There are lots of organisms like this:
I don't know this species specifically, but functionally, organisms like this work much the same as multicellular organisms, with the domain round a nucleus equipped with protein synthesis machinery and other organelles running mostly independently, and coordinating with the other ones via chemical signals. It's just that the signals can move around without having to cross a cell membrane.
EDIT: And if you count this as a single cell, then presumably you'll count a muscle fibre, which is also many nuclei inside a single cell membrane, in which case there are larger single cells inside your own body:
Well, longer at least.
There's a biological and topological difference between a multinucleate cell (coenocyte) and an organism made up of distinct cells.
Certainly. Human muscle fibres and nerve axons are single-celled, but they aren't organisms.
Note that this is just one of the largest, not the actual largest. The actual known largest appears to be this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syringammina_fragilissima
"It is not known how the organism feeds or reproduces"
This is amazing for me. Sometimes it seems that everything is already discovered and if not we just need to put some tech into it to analyze the mystery and get an answer.
The reality is that we are still far away from that. And that any discovery involves dedication, investment and serendipity.
Smart extraterrestrials know not to interact on land and with humans
Just like most of us dont interact with sharks and tigers
Dolphins can be quite friendly.
A decent pop-science video about them on Youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szIcnSIlrDE
Ok, we took largestness out of the title.
Or should we just change the URL to the larger one?
IMO changing the URL to point to something completely different is bad because it makes the discussion confusing.
Example: the recent discussion of a very long Cocoa identifier for a Chinese kinship term (I don’t remember the exact one) was changed to a slightly different one that was two characters longer. Making a bunch of the existing discussion confusing was not worth the value of changing the URL, in that case.
Right now, 20% of HN's first-page articles are greyed out. Before today, I don't recall ever seeing more than one or two. Does this reflect a code change?
No. What you're describing sounds like the 'visited' style for links in titles. Is it possible that you've just clicked on more stories today?
Oh. OK, I am using a different VM. With Firefox and no add-ons. So I guess that something was blocking 'visited' style.
Edit: Not NoScript.
Needs to be fixed in the title
Reminds me of slime molds. They are large single cell organisms that have multiple nuclei. A "supercell". I always wanted to keep one as a pet, but I can never find one despite them being fairly common.
Very cool! As a kid I found these on the beach on vacation in St. Croix. Never knew what species they were - they turned clear after a night in a glass of seawater so I couldn't keep them.
I love seeing submissions like this on the front page. I come for the post-mortems of severe outages and I stay for the discussion of algae.
I'm amazed to see it. Valonia is a pest in reef aquariums. I can't think of anything less popular, and now it's front-page news.
Valonia ventricosa bubbles are relatively small, around 4cm. Smaller than many chicken eggs. Largest viable single cell organism is still the ostrich in its egg phase.
Unicellular organisms have zero or one nucleus. If they have two or more nucleus is multicellular
>> Unicellular organisms have zero or one nucleus. If they have two or more nucleus is multicellular
Hmm, is that true? Looks like there are unicellular organisms with multiple nuclei:
multiple nuclei means division by mitosis, if a single cell suffer mitosis and split the nucleus is not a single cell anymore. Are two cells sharing the same citoplasm and membrane for a while. Cells remaining citoplasmatically connected with is brothers by a bridge by its entire life aren't uncommon in some multicellular organisms (is typical of all the kingdom fungi so is pretty common among life beings in fact).
Valonia vesicles are able to hold several smaller bubbles attached. They differenciate from the larger bubble by a process similar to gemation and quickly replace it when is too old or damaged and it bursts. If a bubble equals a cell in function and looks, an organism able to have rhizoids and other smaller cells glued to its main cell, is clearly pluricellular.
For those interested in organisms without a nucleus they're called prokaryotes [1], and apparently red blood cells don't have nuclei either.
[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryote
What would this taste like?
Assuming you pulled it straight from the sea, it'd probably be salty and slimy.
The internals of cells are mostly water, protein, and DNA, which don't really taste like anything to our tongues. Most sugars are stored as glycogen, so you wouldn't get much sweetness. There also wouldn't be much texture, as it's lacking any sort of bone or shell.
You are describing an extremely nutrient-rich food with no immediately apparent defence against predation. To the extent that it is difficult to understand how this could exist in the wild.
I suspect that this alga has some interesting and perhaps surprising defences, in line with its relatives. (And, that these may well impact on its taste)
For example, spirulina is said to be spiral because this allows it to spontaneously flee from approaching water fleas, with no active energy use: primarily depending on the laws of physics.
If we leave glycogen in our mouth for seconds/minutes, would the acids in our mouth decompose it into glucose which would taste sweet? Yes, I have no knowledge about chemistry.
Nope. There is no acid in the mouth, and acid doesn't break down carbohydrates anyways, its all enzymes in the intestine.
Amylase, the thing in the mouth, breaks down starches, like in rice or bread. Glycogen is different from these though, as it has different linkages, and can't be broken down by amylase.
Thank you!
Like a mouthful of saltwater in a sour envelope packed with razor blade-like microcrystals of silica and calcium carbonate.
Probably edible in a strict sense (if growing in clean waters), as Codium and other similar algae are, but the experience wouldn't be pleasant.
with a diameter that ranges typically from 1 to 4 centimetres (0.4 to 1.6 in) although it may achieve a diameter of up to 5.1 centimetres (2.0 in) in rarer cases.
Mind: Blown
What about dinosaur eggs?
> An organism refers to any individual living thing that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and maintain homeostasis. It can be a virus, bacterium, protist, fungus, plant or an animal.
This creatures defy definition boundaries. Some act as animals with structures to run and travel fast, but can photosinthesize also so can fit at the same time in the old definition of plants. Currently they are neither animals nor plants. Some fungus walk and climb and some bacterias can act "like a beehive" with a collective purpose in some phases of its cycle. Bacterias reproduce when divide, but often its cells remain losely attached in tetrads or chains.
Bird eggs increase its cells by division and sometimes a single egg can produce two twin animals. Are they reproducting?. Well, in some sense, yes.
Or ostrich eggs, for that matter....
What does this look in the inside?
Apparently it consists of a very large vacuole, surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm. Has multiple nuclei and chloroplasts spread around.
Are any of the organelles visible to the naked eye?
The cell is a little scaled-up, but the organelles are of normal size.
Heh. So it's like a regular cell but everything inside of it is full of padding? What is it padded of, water?
No padding, just lots and lots of organelles.
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Swedish sj-sound
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The Swedish sj-sound is represented by [] in the IPA. It is most commonly spelled with Sj. Sk is the next most iconic spelling, but only occurs before e, i, y, ä, or ö. The spelling xj only occurs in the place name Växjö [vɛːkɧœː]. X is a combination of K and S, so Xj is basically "Ksj." |
Reasons why Citizens Don't Vote
Published: 2019-09-03 00:00:00
576 words
3 pages
5 min to read
Each eligible citizens right to vote is provided for in the constitution. This was however not the case some decades back as only a minority few had the right to vote while some groups were locked out from exercising their voting rights. Yet despite progress made to safeguard the voting rights of all eligible citizens, the majority of them still do not vote. This paper explores the reasons as to why eligible citizens do not exercise their voting rights.
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Most citizens do not vote because they do not have the interest to vote. Based on the findings of the 2008 Census Bureau survey, 13 percent of eligible American citizens did not have an interest in voting. They were totally indifferent of the candidates who were to be elected into power. An equal percentage of the polled citizens did not like their candidate, or the issues addressed. These voters had a natural dislike for their candidate or the issues and policies that these candidates stood for. Approximately a quarter of the voters registered in 2008 did not vote due to lack of interest in the polling process and a dislike for their choice candidates and the policies these candidates stood for (Lopez and Taylor).
Approximately a third of the registered voters did not vote because of illness, or they were held up or their schedules conflicted with the voting dates. 15 percent of the voters reported that they could not vote because they were either sick or had a disability, majority of who were the elderly. 17 percent of these registered citizens claimed that they were either too busy doing some other activities or that their schedules could not allow them to vote. Their activities and schedules were deemed of more priority to the exercising of their democratic right to elect the people who would lead them.
The remainder of the polled citizens did not vote because of logistical problems encountered during the voting process. The majority of these were not well acquainted with the voting process as they found it complicated and entailed too many processes and a lot of reading. Of these, 6 percent had problems with their voter registration, 3 percent claimed that their polling stations were an inconvenience to them, another 3 percent claimed not to have voted owing to transportation problems, and a marginal 0.2 percent reported that they could not vote due to unfavorable weather conditions (Lopez and Taylor).
The majority of American citizens who are eligible to vote do not exercise their rights either due to a dislike of their choice candidate or lack of interest in politics, illnesses, disabilities, busy or conflicting schedules, or logistical issues involved in the voting process. Can anything be done to reverse this current state of affairs? Some of the issues that prevent citizens from exercising their voting rights can indeed be rectified. Many states are in the process of making voter registration and voting easy, friendly and convenient to the voters. Also, voter sensitization programs should be undertaken so that the voters are well versed with the polling process. Citizens also have a responsibility of ensuring that they know their choice candidates as well as the policies that they stand for. Voting is the only way of removing bad governance and reinstating a desirable regime.
Work Cited
Lopez, Mark, and Paul Taylor. "Dissecting The 2008 Electorate: Most Diverse In U.S. History". Pew Research Center's Hispanic Trends Project. N.p., 2009. Web. 20 Apr. 2016.
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Welcome to the Treehouse Community
Looking to learn something new?
Python Flask Basics Welcome to Flask Multiply View
Stuck on Challenge 2
I don't fully understand what the question wants me to do
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
def multiply(num1, num2):
return '{} * {} = {}'.format(num1, num2 , num1*num2)
1 Answer
Megan Amendola
.a{fill-rule:evenodd;}techdegree seal-36
Megan Amendola
Treehouse Teacher
Hi there! Nice work so far! In part 2 it is asking you first to add another route, so the original @app.route('/multiply') should still be in your code. The new route should have 2 arguments in it like the /add route in the video at 2:50.
Instead of arguments, you just have a route with two 5s in it. to make then arguments, you need to enclose them in <> and give them the name you are using in the function, num1 and num2. You also need to make sure they come in as integers by using int: on each argument like this: <int:num1>.
When you pass your arguments into your function, this is where you can set the default values of 5. Set each variable equal to five: num1=5, num2=5.
Then, inside of your function, you only need to return the result of 5*5 not the whole expression 5 * 5 = 25.
It comes together like this:
def multiply(num1=5, num2=5):
return str(num1 * num2) |
Ribonucleic-acid synonyms
rī'bō-no͝o-klē'ĭk, -klā'-, -nyo͝o-
Part of speech:
A nucleic acid present in all living cells and many viruses, consisting of a long, usually single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units, with one of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil bonded to each ribose molecule. RNA molecules are involved in protein synthesis and sometimes in the transmission of genetic information.
Find another word for ribonucleic-acid. In this page you can discover 1 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for ribonucleic-acid, like: and rna. |
CNC Internal Grinder
CNC internal grinders are also a form of precision grinding machine which uses an abrasive ball device to guarantee high-quality, low-energy results. Each grinding wheel class is intended for a specific level of machine tool performance and so you must always choose the one with your desired degree of precision. The two types of CNC machines available are Self-rectifying and External CNC. Self-rectifying CNC machines can use either a spring arrangement or a direct current system. External CNC machines are used with electrical and hydraulic power supplies.
A CNC internal grinder machine is the most precise and minimally-weighted alternative for precision milling and welding. This type of grinding utilizes the principle of self-cleaning that makes it possible to precisely maintain and regulate the condition of the grinding components at any given time. This minimally-weighted and highly efficient CNC milling system can offer you the most precise results in a short period of time. It can give you consistent, even, polished and shaven cutting edges.
A CNC internal grinder operates on two main axes. One axis is designed to run parallel to the work surface while the other axis is designed to spin in a horizontal direction. The two major types of CNC machines are namely Hydraulic and Horizontal. Hydraulic internal CNC grinders are mainly used for large scale production operations whereas the CNC horizontal type is used for smaller production operations.
An internal CNC milling system consists of a number of different components such as the grinding spindle, a number of variable speed or super speeds, the computer and a control unit. The CNC grinding spindle is the part that provides the interface with the computer and to which the control commands are transmitted. The CNC machine has various different methods of movement. The most common and reliable is the ball bearing roll motion. However, depending on the requirements of the customer various other types of movement can be used.
In order to provide high precision and high performance output an internal grinder machine consists of a variable speed or super speed CNC milling wheel along with a fine-threading slide and a high precision diamond plate. The fine-threading slide ensures that the fine line cuts are perfect irrespective of the size of the workpiece. The diamond plate is precision ground to remove any burrs and to improve the quality of the final product. The CNC machine also comprises a programmable software that is programmed to allow the operator to specify the parameters of the operation and feed the material into the CNC machine with the appropriate parameters.
The CNC machines can also be built into other machinery which may include a table-top unit or even a hand held desktop device. Although there are many variants of CNC machinery, the most popular among them are the hydraulic and the cylindrical units. Hydraulic CNC machines are designed to operate with a piston and driven by an electric motor with precision levels up to 9.9%. The cylinder units are capable of providing high-precision machining to a variety of materials such as aluminum and steel. |
Why women have less power than you think
By Laura Jones
Global Institute for Women's Leadership
Image source, Getty Images
The discovery that more men than women hold positions of power rarely comes as a surprise. What may be more unexpected is that things are not always as they seem when women appear to have equality.
Countries can sometimes stand out for their efforts at getting women into positions of power.
Take, for example, Rwanda's appointment of a cabinet in which half of the posts went to women. Its move came just days after a gender-balanced cabinet was named in Ethiopia.
Elsewhere in the world, there are many striking examples of women having equality with men, or even outperforming them, in other jobs that offer power and influence.
Walk into a courtroom in Slovenia and the judge is four times more likely to be a woman than a man. In journalism, Namibia stands out: half of its top newsroom posts are held by women.
It is not difficult to find other countries which buck the trend for a particular job. Half of IT professionals in Malaysia are female, along with six out of 10 medical researchers in New Zealand and five out of 10 engineers in Oman.
That women hold these posts, which are so often dominated by men, is to be welcomed. Yet while it may seem obvious that other countries could learn from these examples, it is often worth asking ourselves where influence really lies.
The power of judges
Image source, Getty Images
Image caption, Ruth Bader Ginsburg is one of three female judges in the US Supreme Court
Fresh in many people's minds will be the controversy surrounding the confirmation of judge Brett Kavanaugh to the US Supreme Court, despite allegations of sexual assault - which he denied. The Supreme Court - in which three of the nine judges are women - is an example of a system in which top judges wield considerable power.
As in the UK, the legal system is based on common law. In the US judges are often appointed late on in their careers - sometimes through male-dominated networks - and the law is based on their decisions and precedent.
By contrast, in other countries such as France and Slovenia, judges' power is far more constrained. In these civil law systems - which are based on written rules - judges have less discretion to make their own interpretations.
And the way in is different too. Law graduates become judges by passing a competitive exam to enter training straight after graduating.
The fact that positions are allocated on academic merit rather than via a tap on the shoulder makes a big difference.
More than six out of 10 judges in France are female, but the position comes with a loss of pay. Lawyers can often earn more working in private practice.
Some of the highest percentages of female judges are found in post-Soviet societies. Like Slovenia, seven out of 10 judges in Romania and Latvia are women.
Under communism the role of the judge was not only poorly paid but much constrained by ideological factors - the real power lay elsewhere. The judiciary in these countries still has a relatively low reputation and earning power.
After the upheaval
In other professions, it is often the case that women have gained power following a period of change, or upheaval.
For example, in communist-era Bulgaria, journalism was primarily a function of the state. But after 1989, press freedom grew and many well-educated and entrepreneurial women changed their career path and now have parity in top-level newsroom jobs.
In Rwanda, parliamentary gender quotas were introduced in 2003. The move came after the the destruction of government institutions during the genocide of 1994.
Image source, Getty Images
Image caption, Rwandan President Paul Kagame with 80 new MPs in September 2018
That six out of 10 parliamentarians is now female puts it ahead of every other country worldwide.
But here too there are questions over what real power looks like.
Rwanda's male leader, President Paul Kagame, has been accused of being authoritarian. Some have argued that having large numbers of female MPs offers little in the way of concrete power.
On the other hand, others have pointed to the wider social effects of women's presence in parliaments.
This may include increased respect for women from family and community members, and greater ability for women to influence decisions.
So what does all this tell us?
The relationship between women and power is complex and it's difficult to draw strong conclusions from looking at any one statistic - it's important to always look at the bigger picture.
While we may still have a long way to go, we know that having more women in top positions - even if they're not perfect - can be symbolically powerful, increasing people's acceptance of female leaders.
Nonetheless, one thing does seem clear: when things are done the way they've always been done, change happens very slowly - if at all.
About this piece
Laura Jones is a research associate at the Global Institute for Women's Leadership, at King's College London.
The Global Institute for Women's Leadership carries out research to better understand and address the causes of women's underrepresentation in leadership positions.
Edited by Duncan Walker |
The secrets of Paul Revere’s 1795 time capsule
By Alejandro Freixes, CCNN Head Writer
Revere's ride
Paul Revere is famous for his “Midnight Ride”, warning the Colonial militia that British forces.
Boston officials unearthed a time capsule from 1795, buried by American Revolution heroes Samuel Adams and Paul Revere almost 220 years ago. That’s older than your great-great grandpa! The box had historic treasures like five folded newspapers and 24 coins, as well as a rectangular silver plate that historians believed was made and engraved by Revere.
Famous for his “Midnight Ride” on horseback, Revere alerted the Colonial militia that British forces were coming before the battles of Lexington and Concord. He was also a rich silversmith who helped equip navy ships.
Adams was one of the Founding Fathers of the USA, like Benjamin Franklin and George Washington, who encouraged the 13 colonies to break free of Britain’s rule. He guided Congress towards issuing the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and helped create the Constitution and Bill of Rights for America’s legal system. Plus, he was a cousin of John Adams, who became the second President of the USA.
Featured image courtesy of Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Facebook. |
Definition Of Justice In Socrates And Euthyphro's Piety
Ancient Greeks lives center on their gods, and their daily lives consist of trying to live as piously as possible. Piety is the core moral laws during this time. To live piously is to live in harmony with the gods. It is extremely important that they must please the gods, that to act any other ways, acting impiously, is illegal and will result in punishment. Socrates is one philosopher that lives during this time. Socrates would go about the city, questioning people about their beliefs and understanding of any subject. He believed that helping his fellow men understand that they do not truly know anything will be beneficial to them. As Apollo told Socrates, he is the wisest because he knows that he does not know. When Meletus accused …show more content…
After Meletus and his supporters summon Socrates on charges of impiety, Socrates immediately obeys, for he believe that he had done nothing wrong, and he can convince the jury of their wrongs. He head to King Archon, where he meet Euthyphro, a self-proclaim expert on piety, who was also there on matters relating to such topics. The two intellects discuss the nature of piety, upon which Socrates ask Euthyphro for his definition on piety. Euthyphro first answer piety in terms of justice and legal matters. In his first definition, piety is acting justly in punishing those who do wrong, regardless of who they are (Euthyphro, 5D-E). Seen in this definition are the legal laws tie in with piety. Euthyphro represents the common Ancient Athenians who believe in the legal status of piety and use piety to serve justice. Socrates questions the definition and on his second definition, Euthyphro answers, “pious is what all the gods love, and its opposite, what all gods hate, is the impious” (Euthyphro, 6E-7A). Socrates, as a philosopher, goes around asking and questioning people on their beliefs and their knowledge. This is something that some gods do not approve of for it means Socrates is acting outside his human realm. By Euthyphro’s definition, Socrates is impious because he is doing something some gods do not approve off. Only actions that all gods approve off are considered to be pious. However, if an action is already deem to not be pious, then it does not matter if all gods hate it, the people will see it was impious regardless. In Socrates case, they see Socrates as impious simply because he is not pious, which does not necessarily imply
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Why and How to Soil Test - The First Step to Better Soil Health
Updated: Sep 10
The first step to better soil health should always begin with a soil test. Every property is different. A good soil health regime should be tailored to your farm’s specific conditions and needs. Hence, why you test your soil!
Soil tests are not expensive, ranging anywhere from $30 to $80 a test depending on what you test for, but it gives you a baseline showing where you started and charts your soil improvements over time. A soil test can reveal critical issues with your soil that you would otherwise take a best guess at.
What Does a Soil Test, Test?
The basic “macro” soil test will tell you the fundamental composition of your soil and give you a good idea of the available nutrients for plants.
It will include basics like your soil PH — how acid or alkaline your soil is. It will tell you what your available nutrient levels are, testing nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium, calcium and sulfur. Most soil tests will include your percentage of organic matter, the organic content readily available in your soil that provides nutrients to plants as it breaks down.
Depending on what crops you are growing or if the basic soil test indicates any imbalances, you might want to test your micronutrients. That’s called a “micro” soil test and usually checks for boron, copper, iron, manganese and zinc levels.
Most labs will offer recommended amendments for specific crops based on your soil test and have somebody on staff to answer questions and help you interpret your soil test. Otherwise, there are many resources online to help analyze your soil tests, including this great one from PennState Extension.
Test Your Soil Consistently
Once you get your first soil test done, stay consistent.
Use the same lab. Different labs will present things differently, even use slightly different metrics for measurement, which can make comparing your soil tests from year after year confusing.
Also, test your soil at the same time every year. Many nutrients (especially nitrogen) will test differently depending on how warm the ground is. If you test your soil in the early spring one year (when nitrogen is bound up by cold weather) but then the following year you test in mid-summer (when nitrogen is more plant-available because the ground is warmer), it could lead you to false assumptions about your total nitrogen availability and how your soil health regime has been influencing it.
How Often Should You Test Your Soil?
How often you test your soil will depend on what crops you are growing and, potentially, how closely you want to stay on top of changes in your soil.
If you are starting with a new soil improvement strategy, you might want to test every year for the first few years to chart the results of your efforts. Otherwise, it depends on what you are far |
Flagging Content as Unverified Makes Consumers Less Susceptible to Fake Health News
The University of Kansas has recently published a study conducted with the goal of examining what makes people susceptible to false news about health. Researchers propose a question about the position big tech companies have in spreading unverified information online. They also highlight the responsibility of such companies for taking the steps to help prevent this phenomenon.Fake News
Researchers created a fake article about vitamin B17 causing cancer and shared it with 750 participants. The fact is, there is no such thing as vitamin B17 and they wanted to examine how will the way the article was presented affect participants’ perception of the credibility of the information. The question was also how inclined would they be to share the content on their social media. To do that, they varied the style, professional credentials of the authors, and how they labeled the article (is it flagged as suspicious or not).
Read Also: NYU Researchers Use Google Search Data to Predict COVID-19 Outbreaks
They found that how the articles were presented did not have a role in people’s decisions and that knowledge about social media is the only factor that affected their decision to share it. There was a total of eight different versions of the article that were shared with the participants. One version was presented as if it was written by a doctor followed by a short biography and their professional credentials, as well as their byline. In other versions, the author persona was a mother who has experience in creative writing and writes blogs about lifestyle. As far as writing style, they varied from journalistic articles to ones with a more informal tone of voice.
The authors of this study suggest that individuals are generally not very invested in determining the credibility of the news they encounter online. Mental work is required when people are evaluating whether the content is trustworthy or not for themselves. They have a tendency to trust tech companies to provide credible resources of information online. This is the reason why the authors highlight the importance of these companies taking the responsibility for the content they present to their users.
Social media efficacy is a factor that stood out when it comes to being more careful in evaluating information. People with more knowledge and better skills when it comes to technology were generally more careful to trust the information presented to them. They were also less inclined to decide to share the content.
Read Also: Northwestern University Researchers Recommend Taking the News in Small Doses to Avoid Being Stressed Out
Interest in information about health was not an important factor when it comes to information evaluation. However, what is important is that people who seek this type of content, are more inclined to share the articles they found, whether it is accurate and verified or not. The research shows that writing style and credentials don’t have a significant impact on how people perceive the accuracy of articles or on their adherence to share and recommend them.
On the other hand, it was significant whether or not there was a flag implying that there is unverified information in the article. If the article was flagged, people were more hesitant to trust, share, and recommend it. This is where the significance of big companies’ responsibility comes to light even more. Social media and other companies need to provide verified content and add labels if it is false, unverified, and dangerous. This plays a big part in preventing fake news from spreading. Flagging content makes the consumers more cautious and skeptical. By doing this, big tech companies can create an environment where people can trust and share verified information. We see now more than ever, during a worldwide COVID-19 pandemic why having reliable information is so important.
Read Also: Coronavirus: The Real and False Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines
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What causes wildfires?
Brains On! Science podcast for kids
By American Public Media
What causes wildfires?
Tuesday, 20 July
A fire can be super useful or cozy or even magical. But it can also be dangerous -- and in the case of wildfires, if they burn long and hot enough, they can destroy ecosystems and send lots of harmful smoke into the air.
In this episode, we're going to find out why wildfires are getting bigger and why wildfire season is lasting longer now. We'll learn how the tribes who've lived in what is now called Northern California managed the forests and kept fire in check for thousands of years, and how those practices are being used today.
We'll hear from a friendly house about how to stay safe from smoke inside and find out how firefighters work to contain fires once they've started.
Plus, our Moment of Um answers the question: Is the name of a letter considered a word?
This episode is sponsored by Bobby Wonder, a podcast from GoKidGo. You can support Brains On at brainson.org/fans — there you can donate, join our free fan club, check out our merch or buy our book!
Heart UK |
Clock hands
Correct answer:
x = 79 °
Step-by-step explanation:
12:02+3:00=15:02=03:02 x=(3+2/60)/123602/60360 x=(3+2/60)3026=79°=79°
Tips to related online calculators
Do you want to convert time units like minutes to seconds?
Related math problems and questions:
• Hands
• Clock Tower
clock What angle is betwenn hands on Clock Tower when show 17 hours and 35 minutes?
• Clock hands
• Little hand
clock2 What angle shifted little hand on the clock after one hour and 38 minutes?
• What time is it?
clocks2 What time is it, when there is four times less time left until midnight than the time that has elapsed since noon? What time is it, when one-fifth of the hours that have passed since midnight is equal to one-third of the hours that are missing by 12 o'clo
• Free time
• Clock
hodiny How many times a day hands on a clock overlap?
• Speed of clock
• The big clock
• Lunch
• Clock mathematics
• Similarity
similar_triangle Are two right triangles similar to each other if the first one has an acute angle 70°, and the second one has an acute angle 20°?
• Acute triangle
• Garden
• Tram stop
elektricka The blue tram stops every 12 minutes, the red one 8 minutes. At 8 o'clock they left the stop together. How many times do they meet at a stop before 11 am?
• Grandmother's clocks
kukuckove-hodiny Grandmother's clock is late every hour by half a minute. Grandmother set the clock exactly at 8.00 am. How many hours will show after 24 hours?
• Truck
truck Truck went for 4 hours and 30 minutes. If truck increase speed by 11 km/h, went same distance in 2 hours. Calculate this distance. |
The Virus That Causes Mono Linked To Seven Autoimmune Diseases
A stain of cells containing the Epstein-Barr virus. Wikimedia Commons
Aliyah Kovner 20 Apr 2018, 22:34
A growing body of research suggests that viral DNA or proteins introduced into the body can contribute toward the development of serious diseases long after the initial viral infection has passed.
The paper, published in Nature Genetics, sheds light on how diseases with complex origins may arise and provides molecular targets for future treatments.
EBV is so prevalent that an estimated 90 percent of individuals will be infected by the time they are 20. Once inside the body, the virus inserts a copy of its genome into B cells, instructing the cell to produce its viral proteins for it. When the B cell replicates and divides, so does the viral genome, and thus, the virus and its protein products linger in the body indefinitely.
The seven diseases are known to arise after B cells mistakenly flag the body’s own tissue as dangerous, yet a combination of environmental and genetic factors appear to be at play.
To connect the dots between EBV, B cells, genetics, and the development of autoimmune disease, a team co-led by Dr John Harley analyzed a large database of DNA sequences from EBV-infected and EBV-negative B cells using an algorithm that identifies regions where proteins that may influence gene transcription are bound to the strand.
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Why Didn’t the Auditors Find the Fraud?
She was right, and her scheme worked until an auditor found a problem with the bank reconciliation. That problem led to further investigation, which ultimately uncovered the fraud. You could say that the fraud was discovered by accident. The board of the directors wondered why the auditors didn’t find the fraud sooner, since it had been ongoing for at least three years.
The answer was simple. The auditors followed the rules, but those rules aren’t always effective at uncovering a situation that is purposely disguised by a dishonest employee.
The bookkeeper used what she knew about the accounting process and the year-end audit to escape detection. She knew that management wasn’t checking her work or monitoring the bank account. By utilizing small-dollar transactions, recording false transactions in the accounting system, and discarding canceled checks, she successfully beat the system and ran off with hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Auditing Defined
Audits and reviews are procedures performed on the financial statements of a company, for the purpose of determining whether the financial statements include any material misstatements. Misstatements are essentially wrong numbers due to numerical errors, fraud, or errors in interpreting the accounting rules. Misstatements are material if they are large enough to make a difference to a user of the financial statements, such as a bank or investor.
Auditors utilize sampling techniques to test certain transactions during the performance of an audit or review, since it would be nearly impossible and too expensive to examine every single transaction. The sampling may be aimed at the largest items or the items on the financial statements that pose the most risk of misstatement. If material errors in the financial statements are discovered, the auditors will direct management to correct them.
So how does fraud fit into the idea of material misstatements? Misstatements can be caused by either error or fraud. Auditors have some responsibility for the detection of both errors and frauds that are material, but this responsibility is not absolute. Auditors give “reasonable” assurance that material misstatements have been uncovered, but not total assurance.
Errors are much more likely to be discovered during an audit than are fraud. Fraud schemes are crafted to purposely exploit the accounting system and controls, and therefore it is more difficult for an auditor to find them. Since auditors are not all-knowing beings, the assurance that the financial statements are correct can only be “reasonable” assurance and not total assurance.
Auditing Rules
It’s important to understand the guidance given to auditors on the topic of fraud. Accountants performing audits in the United States follow Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) in their performance of audits. Additional guidance is provided in the Statements on Standards for Auditing and Review Services (SSARS) and Statements on Auditing Standards (SAS). These sets of authoritative guidance outline the responsibilities that auditors have for finding fraud while performing audits and reviews.
SAS number 99, “Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit,” became effective in late 2003. This statement directs auditors to use professional skepticism and to consider that a fraud could have occurred and could materially affect the financial statements. The auditors must consider and identify the risk of fraud, and must continuously evaluate evidence throughout the audit to determine whether or not there are any fraud indicators.
The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) recently issued SSARS number 12, “Omnibus Statement on Standards for Accounting and Review Services.” This applies to reviews, rather than audits. Reviews provide less assurance on the financial statements, as the review procedures are typically less thorough and less detailed than audit procedures. This statement dictates that during a review, the auditor is not required to assess the risk of fraud or develop plans specifically to identify fraud.
The guidance for auditors is continuously evolving as the accounting profession acknowledges that fraud is becoming a bigger issue for clients. All of this alphabet soup can be boiled down to the fact that it is management’s responsibility, not the auditor’s, to prevent and detect fraud. The auditors must consider fraud throughout their procedures, but they do not have an absolute responsibility for the detection of fraud.
Expectation Gap
If the guidance on fraud is so clear from the perspective of the auditor, why does there seem to be an expectation gap between the auditors and the clients?
Regardless of whatever guidance exists, clients are inclined to mistakenly expect that auditors can, must, and will find fraud if it exists within the company.
The client sometimes fails to acknowledge that the auditors clearly outline their audit and review responsibilities with engagement letters. Those letters usually state that the auditors provide reasonable assurance that they will detect material misstatements, but not absolute assurance.
The client also often does not consider the fact that immaterial frauds may never be found. If a fraud is not large enough to “make a difference” in the financial statements, then it stands to reason that it most likely will not be detected. Detecting an immaterial fraud would be like finding a needle in a haystack.
The expectation gap boils down to misconceptions on the part of the client. Management and employees wrongly believe that reviews and audits can and should always detect fraud. Auditors also bear some responsibility for the expectation gap, and they might consider addressing this issue verbally with the client. That discussion should echo the engagement letter and address any concerns or unrealistic expectations held by the client.
Audit Alternatives
Executives, attorneys, and board members may be left asking themselves why they pay for audits if the procedures aren’t going to detect all the potential problems with the numbers. Audits and reviews have their place in the business world, as they help companies identify risky areas of the financial reporting process, and they hopefully find material errors and frauds.
Since reviews and audits can only provide limited (but not absolute) assurance on the numbers, they are only one part of a company’s financial picture. If management wants to go a step further, they will look beyond audits and reviews.
Internal control reviews with a “focus on fraud” can help prevent fraud. They probably won’t detect old frauds, but the involvement of an anti-fraud professional during the review of controls will help the company identify areas of the company most at-risk for fraud.
The next step is the development of procedures specifically designed to prevent fraud. This requires management to take a proactive stance against fraud. Since management cannot fully rely on audits and reviews to detect fraud, the better alternative is to shore up controls so that the opportunities for fraud are decreased.
At the end of the day, the responsibility for fraud prevention and detection is on the company’s management. Executives and manager must clearly understand the inherent limitations of audits and reviews, and recognize that they cannot and will not detect all frauds. Audits and reviews should not be avoided or discarded, but management is advised to add proactive fraud prevention measures to help the company maintain better control over the potential for fraud.
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History at St John’s
“There is no agreed single canon of historical content. History should allow pupils to encounter very different societies from their own, and to weigh different interpretations. They should study important themes from British history but also from European, American and non-Western history. The subject should be relevant: more distant history, such as the Crusades or the Reformation can often be just as illuminating as more recent topics. Above all, history should encourage openness of mind, respect for other views, and the ability to distinguish a valid and a shoddy line of argument.”
Sean Lang, Historical Association
1. Self – We want our pupils to have an understanding of how history has impacted upon their current lives by comparing different historical periods
2. Others – We want our pupils to learn about different cultures and religions within different historical periods so that they understand and appreciate cultural diversity beyond their own community
3. Wider world – We want our children to have skills and knowledge to adapt to the ever-changing world considering historical events and their impact |
Drowning is one of the leading causes of death, disability, and injury for children under 5 years of age in California, and the second leading killer of youngsters age 1-14 nationwide.
The number of young, severely brain-damaged near-drowning victims has increased rapidly in recent years. Residential care of these victims averages over $250,000 annually per child, and is the leading cause of admission to state hospitals. Presently there are over 700 individuals maintained in California state facilities.
About The Drowning Prevention Foundation
The Drowning Prevention Foundation's DPF’s mission is to prevent the tragedy of drownings through the use of public information, education and policy change. DPF is a non-profit, community-based organization which was established in 1985. It is recognized both locally and nationally as the leading expert in drowning prevention methods, technology, policy and activities.
DPF’s activities include working to strengthen local, state, and national legislation on pool fencing, providing technical assistance to other local, state, and national coalitions and agencies; producing and distributing educational materials on drowning prevention; and advising parents and caregivers on improving the safety of backyard pools, spas, hot tubs, and bath tubs.
A Drowning Happens in Seconds
It could happen to you! A diligent father switches his attention to the phone while his child sinks lifelessly to the bottom of the swimming pool. A normally attentive mother is cooking in the kitchen, her youngster falls into the neighbors pool. A conscientious babysitter is distracted by the needs of one of her many charges, another wanders off and drowns.
Obviously supervision is critically important, but it’s virtually impossible to supervise small children every minute of every day. That is why parents and caregivers must provide multiple layers of protection pool fencing, self-closing-self-locking gates, pool and door alarms, automatic safety covers, swim lessons with appropriate programs considering developmental readiness of the students as well as constant supervision.
Safety Guidelines
play, and while in pool at all times.
• Any gate or door leading to the pool area should be selfclosing and self-latching, opening outward, with the latch placed on the pool side out of reach.
• Install panic alarms on all house doors and windows leading to the pool area and automatic safety cover over the pool. Completely remove cover before children are allowed in pool.
• Drain off water that accumulates on top of the pool cover. A child can drown in as little as two inches of water. Keep reaching and throwing aids, such as poles and life preservers, on both sides of the pool.
• All non-swimmers should always wear approved personal flotation devices when they are near water.
• Swimming lessons do not always insure safety. A child who falls into water unexpectedly may panic and forget their swimming skills.
• It is crucial that you and all of your child’s caregivers can swim and know how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an emergency. Immediate CPR could prevent death or massive brain damage.
• Keep a LAND PHONE near pool when outside. 911 calls will automatically show address of the emergency to dispatcher - CELL PHONES do not!
Nine Myths of Drowning
1. Is drowning really a common problem?
Yes. Drowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional death among children ages 1-4 in California and the second leading cause of death in children ages 1-14 in the nation.
3. Isn’t it more important to have a locked gate to keep neighbors out?
No. 65% of the children were at their own home at the time of the incident. 46% of the children were last seen safe inside the house just before the drowning. 72% had direct access to the pool once they were outside the house.
4. Isn’t it just parental neglect that causes drowning?
5. Won’t swimming lessons protect a child from drowning?
No. Swimming lessons do not always prepare a child for a drowning or a near drowning situation.
6. Isn’t constant supervision enough to prevent drowning?
No. We recommended “layers” of protection which include a well maintained, non-climbable fence with a self-closing, self-latching gate, alarm systems and safety pool covers.
7. Is there any proof that fences or safety barriers work? Can’t a child climb over a fence?
In studies conducted in Australia and New Zealand, the findings suggest that adequate, four sided pool fencing reduced drowning by 80%. Studies in Arizona demonstrated a 50% reduction.
8. Won’t fences detract from the aesthetics of pools?
35% of residential drownings were not at the home of the victim.
Drowning Is Preventable! |
How many flags are around the washington monument
How tall are the flags around the Washington Monument?
Located at the base of Washington Monument and evenly spaced around the 260 foot diameter circle are fifty 25 foot tall aluminum flag poles which fly the American flags and represent the 50 states.
How many stones are in the Washington Monument?
Why is the Washington monument 555 feet 5 inches tall?
Why does the Washington Monument have two colors?
Is the Washington Monument 666 feet tall?
The Washington Monument is a hollow Egyptian style stone obelisk with a 500-foot (152.4 m) tall column surmounted by a 55-foot (16.8 m) tall pyramidion. Its walls are 15 feet (4.6 m) thick at its base and 1 1⁄2 feet (0.46 m) thick at their top.
Washington MonumentDesignatedOctober 15, 1966Reference no.66000035
Can you go inside the Washington Monument?
Admission to the Monument
Although it is free and open to the public, guests need to get tickets in order to tour the monument. Tickets can be reserved in advance of you can go to the Washington Monument Lodge on 15th Street adjacent to the Monument to pick them up. You’ll be given a specific time for your tour.
You might be interested: How many embassies are in washington dc
Why is there a height limit in DC?
Why is the Washington Monument not in line with the White House?
Why, in a city so based on order and symmetry and strong axes, does the Washington Monument not line up?! Because the ground right at the intersection of the center of the White House and the center of the Capitol was not strong enough to support such a giant structure.
How deep is the reflecting pool in DC?
Which is taller the Eiffel Tower or the Washington Monument?
The Eiffel Tower is approximately 324 meters tall, while the Washington Monument is about 169 meters. Therefore the correct answer is the Eiffel Tower is 155 meters taller than the Washington Monument. … The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889.
Why is DC called DC?
You might be interested: How many people are related to george washington
What is Washington most known for?
How much does it cost to visit the Washington Monument?
What is the tallest building in Washington DC?
Washington Monument
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Artwork. by . James Q. Jacobs
Paper Casts
Paper Casts are an easy and fun art project. All you need is a blender, water, newsprint, some porous cloth, a sponge, a household garbage bag and a mold. You might also want some litmus paper and calcium carbonate for adjusting the pH balance to neutral. Mineral additives, like copper carbonate, will make your paper unpalatable to insects. Once the paper cast is dried, you can seal it with gesso and paint it with acrylic paints.
Instructions: Liquefy wet newsprint (or other paper) on high for one minute, one sheet at a time. Presoaking makes this step easier. Strain the results through a porous cloth to remove water. In a pan stir to an even consistency, so the remaining moisture is evenly distributed. The batch should be somewhat like oatmeal. Pour this out over a form into an even layer and press with a sponge until no more water lifts out. Continue drying by pressing with dry newspaper and weights. Change the newspaper daily. To avoid warping the cast keep it pressed with weights and newspaper until completely dry. I often use a sheet of plastic and then plywood over the paper to help keep the cast flat. The plastic keeps the plywood dry, so it does not warp later. For larger casts, I have used clamps to compress the drying assemblage.
I have been using my woodcut blocks as molds for both pottery and paper making. The background of this page is a composite image of two of the mold blocks. My technique with these blocks requires a 2 mil plastic layer between the block and the paper, so they easily separate. I have also made some carved wood blocks especially for paper casting. These I coat with household wax instead of using a plastic separator. There are other methods of making paper casting molds, including using silicon sealer.
The finishing of the dry cast paper product involves sanding the edges and any rough spots, then painting with gesso to seal the paper. I do two coats of gesso and resand between coats. Then I apply acrylic paints. To hang the finished product, a strong cord can be glued to the back with epoxy.
Artwork Sampler
Anthropology | Ancient Astronomy | Web Design | Photo Stock
Published Summer Solstice, 1999. |
The Flint Water Crisis
LeeAnne Walters shows contaminated water from her home in Flint, Michigan
Shouldn't everyone have access to clean water? In Flint, Michigan, people don't, and are in dire straits as a result.
What is it?
The Flint Water Crisis has been taking place for two years, but only now has it gotten any attention. In 2014, Flint switched its water supply from Detroit to the Flint River. Immediately, people began to notice a difference. The water smelled and tasted awful, and people began to develop rashes, lose hair, and become very sick. Flint officials continued to assure residents that the water was safe to drink. However, in 2015, lead was found in the water in multiple Flint residents’ homes and a state of emergency was declared. The people of Flint were getting lead poisoning. President Obama has ordered $5 million of federal aid, and various agencies are working to provide people with clean water and water filters. Unfortunately, severe damage has already been done.
Who does it affect?
The residents of Flint: The adults in Flint who have consumed the water are likely to have lead poisoning, which can cause problems such as pain, memory loss, mood disorders, miscarriages, and more. The residents of Flint have also lost faith in their government’s ability. Flint’s sheriff stated that, “They have lost faith in the capacity of government to work with them. And it’s hard to say, ‘You know, you’re wrong.’
The children: Children are the most vulnerable to lead poisoning, especially children under 6. It can cause various health issues, from developmental delays to hearing loss.
Undocumented immigrants: Flint’s population is largely minority, and out of this, there are about 1,000 undocumented immigrants. Unfortunately, these immigrants cannot get the clean water they need from the water distribution centers because they cannot produce the identification necessary to receive this water. Fortunately, churches such as St. Mary’s Catholic Church and Mission of Hope have been giving out water to immigrants, homeless people, and low-income residents.
How can we help?
Donate: There are groups and people who are providing Flint with clean water, and the United Way of Genesee County has created the Flint Water Fund to buy filters and bottled water. You can also donate to the Flint Water Study, a group who is testing Flint’s water and making sure residents know if their water is safe to drink.
Sign: A petition was created to call on Flint’s Governor Snyder to stop charging Flint residents for their water bills. It currently has over 8,000 supporters, and it needs more! The petitions description also has more links and places to contact and donate to.
The water crisis in Flint is a serious problem. Lead poisoning is dangerous and often deadly, and the people of Flint, Michigan need any help they can get. Please, if you can, consider donating to one of the organizations above, or if you can't, sign the petition, because every little bit helps.
Other sources: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
To celebrate the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee next weekend, the IAM looks back over how roads and road safety have changed since the Queen came to the throne sixty years ago.
Road Deaths UK
• Since 1952, over 313,000 people have died on UK roads*.
• The good news is that the number of road victims is on the decrease. In 1952, 13 people a day died on our roads, compared to five a day now*. When you take increased vehicle numbers into account, roads are actually six times safer.
• Today’s roads would be beyond recognition to drivers in 1952. Vehicle numbers have steadily increased from four million to 34 million in the last 60 years.
• The first motorway was introduced in 1958, with the current motorway speed limit of 70mph set in 1967.
• Many important road safety laws have been brought in during the Queen’s reign, including the MOT test, drink drive limit, and compulsory seatbelt and motorcycle helmet wearing.
• The UK’s leading road safety charity, the IAM, was set up in 1956. Since ’56 more than 400,000 drivers and riders have passed the advanced test.
IAM chief executive Simon Best said: “Road safety gets better by the year, and the technology of roads and cars improves all the time.
“And I’m delighted to say that road safety still receives royal support, in the form of the IAM’s patron, the Duke of Kent, and the Prince Michael International Road Safety Awards.
“Last year there were 1850 fatalities on our roads. All of them were preventable. Spending on road safety and roads must remain a priority, to keep the UK at the top of the world road safety league table.” |
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Chapter 2. Connective Tissue Proper
A 7-year-old girl repeatedly sprains her ankles badly. The injuries appear to result during normal play activity. The joints are extremely extensible, and the tendons and skin are unusually flexible. These findings can best be explained by an inherited disorder that affects which of the following protein families?
A. Actin
B. Collagen
C. Elastin
D. Fibrillin
E. Keratin
F. Myosin
The answer is B: Collagen is a structural protein that ensures strength and minimizes flexibility. If the inherited disease affected collagen, the joints then would be more flexible and, therefore, more prone to injury. Actin, myosin, and fibrillin are proteins found in muscle. Elastin is a connective tissue protein; if it were damaged, the skin would lose flexibility. Keratin is a structural protein of the skin, fingernails, and hair.
What are the three basic components from which all types of connective tissue are constructed?
A. Arteries, veins, and capillaries
B. Cells, fibrous proteins, and ground substance
C. Collagen, hyaluronic acid, and fibronectin
D. Fibroblasts, fibroproteins, and proteoglycans
E. Mast cells, lymphocytes, and adipocytes
The answer is B: Connective tissues are constructed from cells that are surrounded by extracellular matrix, which consists of fibrous proteins and ground substance.
Which constituent of connective tissue is most responsible for impeding the movement of pathogens through the lamina propria that underlies epithelia?
A. Collagen fibers
B. Ground substance
C. Mast cells
D. Plasma cells
E. Reticular fibers
The answer is B: Ground substance has a viscous, gel-like consistency, which helps impede invasion by pathogens. Successful pathogens often secrete hydrolytic enzymes, which can reduce the viscosity of extracellular matrix and facilitate spread of the invaders.
Marfan syndrome results from a genetic mutation in the gene that encodes the protein fibrillin. Patients with Marfan syndrome experience various symptoms, ranging from misalignment of the lens to fatal rupture of the aorta. Which component of connective tissue is most directly responsible for these wide-ranging symptoms?
A. Collagen fibers
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How To Sight In A Rifle Scope – A Simple Guide
Anybody interested in shooting accurately from a long distance needs to have a rifle scope. When it comes to how to sight in a rifle scope, there are a few things you should keep in mind. While there is some technical knowledge required for this, by following a few simple steps you should have no trouble sighting your rifle scope just fine.
As always when dealing with firearms, the most important thing is to make sure you have all the correct equipment and information. After that, simply follow the procedure carefully and pay attention to safety.
Rifle Scopes
6 Simple Steps To Sight In A Rifle Scope
Step 1.
Start by mounting scope. First, you need to get your rifle and mount the scope onto it using the appropriate mounts (so that they will withstand your rifle´s recoil).
This step is extremely important, for obvious reasons. If you were to mount the scope with a wrong type of mount, it could end up flying off when shooting, thus causing a risk of injury.
Once you are done mounting it, make sure it´s tightly mounted. You can use loctite (or a similar industrial adhesive) on the screws, if necessary, for additional grip.
Step 2.
At this point, you need to assemble all the materials you will be needing. These are:
Padding, to protect yourself and your rifle´s finish.
A rifle rest (or sandbags).
At least a hundred rounds of ammunition.
A bore sighter.
Screwdrivers (needed for adjustment of the scope).
Some targets.
Also, you may put a bi pod/tripod on with your scope, if you plan on using one on our rifle.
Step 3.
Now, you will need to bore sight your rifle.
To do this, first you must set your targets at 25 yards, and at 100 yards away. Now rest your rifle (on a bipod, tripod, sandbags, etc.) to make sure it stays in place while you sight it. It´s important to make sure no part of the rifle is resting on a solid surface.
With a bolt-action rifle, you´ll just remove the bolt and look down the bore, until your bore gets aligned with the target. In the case of a single-shot rifle, you´ll have to open the action. It should be noted that auto-loader rifles cannot be sighted using this method. The same would apply to pumps.
Now adjust the stand your rifle is on so that the target at 100 yards distance is at the center of your view (when viewing from the breech). Then adjust the scope so that the cross-hairs become totally aligned on the target; do this without moving the rifle itself at all.
At this point, you will have a fully sighted rifle for 100 yards.
Step 4.
Now you sight it to 25 yards. Once you´re finished, you just replace the bolt and then proceed to set your scope to the maximum level of magnification you can get, while still retaining a clear view.
Fire a round at the very center of the target that´s located at 25 yards distance.
Step 5.
After firing, make sure you´re unloaded and grab your binoculars. You´ll need to look for where your shot landed exactly, in order to make the necessary adjustments. If your shot hit low on the target, then you´re going to compensate by adjusting upward, and so on. The manufacturer of your scope will have provided the specific instructions for how to do this on your specific model of scope.
Just keep repeating this process until all your shots are hitting near the center of the target.
Step 6.
Last but not least. now you are going to sight your rifle to 100 yards away. Wait until your barrel has cooled down, then get down into a comfortable position, relax and, when you´re ready, carefully fire three shots at the target.
Now, all that´s left to do is to check where your shots landed (using your binoculars), and adjust to compensate any deviations you might observe. It´s a good practice to adjust your sight so that, when you shoot at the center of your target, your shots will land roughly around 3 inches above the center. This way you will have the widest possible range when shooting.
The Ultimate Optics Guide to Rifle Shooting
At this point, you are done! Always remember to follow each step carefully, take your time while doing it, and be safe at all times. |
Keep Your Memory Active With These Ideas | Antarctic Krill Oil
1 Cup tomorrow morning, burns 3 lbs of belly fat
Is it hard for you to keep track of information? Do you seem to forget things when you need to know them the most? If you are having any problems with your memory, the information in this article can prove helpful. Read through this article and see what you can do to help improve your memory and build a strong foundation for your mind for years to come.
By coming up with mnemonic devices, you will be able to remember things for a longer period of time. Good mnemonic devices work in much the same way that shorthand works for stenographers. By associating a bit of information with a word or item, you can make the correlation that helps you recall it at a later time.
If you need to remember an important amount of information, study it in different locations. This allows you to dissociate this information with certain locations. As a result, it becomes more of a portion of you. Think of it this way – when you change up the places where you learn things, it’s easier for the information to move from your short-term memory to your long-term one.
Paying Attention
You can help improve your memory by consciously paying attention and not passively listening. While you might think you already are paying attention, your mind may not absorb the information enough due to wandering. Clear all other thoughts from your mind and give your full attention to what is being discussed and presented. Consciously think about the information and this can solidify your memory.
TIP! Make sure you are getting an adequate amount of sleep. Sleep is a key component in how well your short and long-term memory work.
Invest in some sticky pads if you are forgetful! Put them in places that you know you will frequently look at, such as next to your computer or cell phone. These notes will help you remember important tasks and information.
Using your brain frequently and in interesting ways keeps it limber, just like exercising the muscles every day keeps them in top shape. You can improve brain function and potentially stop your brain from degenerating with age if you challenge your brain with puzzles.
If you want to exercise your brain, try playing certain kinds of memory games. Some of the memory games available are a lot of fun to play, and they will enhance your memory skills no end. Other than your memory, these games often improve focus, attention and concentration. You can play many memory games for free online.
TIP! Staying socially engaged is a great way to boost the strength of your memory. This will help keep your mind alert and focused, and your spirits lifted.
Stay socially active to keep your memory healthy. Your spirits will say up and alert. If you’re feeling alone or downhearted, your mind isn’t as stimulated, and your brain doesn’t get the workout it needs. Talking and interacting with friends, even if it is online, keeps your mind sharp and better able to remember things.
Try to exercise regularly to help your memory. Exercise can be more beneficial than most people might think in helping resolve memory issues.
Teaching other people is a fantastic way for improving your memory. For example, if you are forgetting a story about when you taught your grandson to swim, talk about it to more people. Retelling something makes the memories associated with it stronger, and thus harder to forget.
Doubt Yourself
Do not doubt yourself. Many people think that your memory goes with old age. That’s not always the case. Anticipating a decline in memory can turn out to be a self-fulfilling prophecy. If people question things about your memory, you could eventually doubt yourself. You can help your memory just by believing that it is still healthy and strong.
In order to help your memory, try rehearsing things you know and relating them to what you are studying. Associating something short-term with a long-term memory can really help you better remember things. It also accelerates the speed at which you can turn short term memory into your long term memories.
Listening to classical music can aid in improving the memory. Soothing and soft music helps relax both your body and mind, and it also aids in improving memory. So try some classical music the next time you are taking a relaxing bath, and maybe light some candles as well.
TIP! Memory loss comes with old age and causes many frustrations. Prescription drug interventions can help slow memory loss, especially in patients suffering from dementia.
Adding fish oil to your diet really helps enhance your cognitive abilities. You can improve your memory by using fish oil, which contains Omega-3 fatty acids. Getting the dosage right is essential, so contact your physician before taking this supplement.
Are you frustrated with your problems learning new things? When you are trying to remember new material, you should try to relate it to things that you already know. If you link information together with things you know already, you can more easily remember the information.
One good and fun way to learn new information is to set it to music. This technique is often used to help children learn to sing the alphabet by memorizing it. Any repetition with melody makes it easier to remember. Sing out your next thought that you have, and see how easy it is to recall the thought.
TIP! A good tip to make your memory better is to begin a routine where you exercise regularly. A little daily exercise can do wonders.
If you are trying to commit important information to memory, such as test questions, you should create an organizational system that groups subjects together in a logical fashion. Keeping your studying organized has been shown to help memory retention.
It is very helpful to have a great memory. It can make your life easier in numerous ways every single day. |
set_baseline_env_name method
Class: ConfigurationPlatform: Selenium 3Language: Python SDK:
Use this method to set the name of the environment that will be used to determine the baseline.
Eyes stores a set of mappings from an environment name to an environment E, where E is defined as a triplet <OS, Browser, Viewport>. You can specify that Eyes uses the baseline defined by the environment name instead of the test environment by calling this method, passing the name of the environment as a parameter. If the name is undefined in the server when this test runs, and this property is assigned before then call to open, then the name will be created and defined on the server with values of the current test environment.
configval = config.set_baseline_env_name(baseline_env_name)
config.baseline_env_name = configval
configval = config.baseline_env_name
The name of the baseline environment.
Return value
Type: Self |
I'd like to find the angle in radians between two equatorial coordinate i.e from RA dec of point 1 and RA and dec of point 2.
There are multiple formulae for how to calculate this angle. The simplest is to construct the unit vectors: $$\begin{align} \hat{n}_i & = \left[\begin{array}{c} \cos \delta_i \cos \alpha_i \\ \cos \delta_i \sin \alpha_i \\ \sin \delta_i \end{array}\right] \end{align}$$ where $\delta$ is the declination and $\alpha$ is the right ascension, then take the dot product of the vectors for the two positions, and finally use $\hat{n}_1 \cdot \hat{n}_2 = \cos \theta_{12}$. The dot product results in the following equation:
$$\cos(\theta_{12}) = \sin(\delta_1)\sin(\delta_2) + \cos(\delta_1)\cos(\delta_2)\cos(\alpha_1 - \alpha_2)$$
The problem with that approach is that it loses numerical accuracy very quickly when $\theta_{12} \ll 1$ radian. Thus the Haversine formula: $$\theta_{12} = 2\operatorname{arcsin} \left(\sqrt{\sin^2\left(\frac{\delta_2 - \delta_1}{2}\right) + \cos \delta_1 \cos \delta_2 \sin^2 \left(\frac{\alpha_2 - \alpha_1}{2}\right)}\right),$$ is often preferable. There is an algorithm that covers all cases, Vincenty's formulae, but it is much more complicated to implement.
You can find a good discussion of practical differences at this Geographic Information Systems Stack Exchange Question.
• $\begingroup$ Why would you use Vincenty's formulae for this? Those formulae are for computing geodesics on an ellipsoid by approximating elliptic integrals. But the celestial sphere is a perfect sphere, so no elliptic integrals are required. $\endgroup$
– PM 2Ring
Feb 22 '19 at 15:17
• 1
$\begingroup$ BTW, Vincenty's formulae were developed in 1975 for use on the desktop calculators of the time, modern computers can use superior algorithms. I strongly recommend Charles Karney's geographiclib. FWIW, Dr Karney is a major contributor to several Wikipedia articles on ellipsoids, especially Geodesics on an ellipsoid. $\endgroup$
– PM 2Ring
Feb 22 '19 at 15:21
I wanted to make a comment on Sean's answer, but I do not have the reputation to do that. I guess I will take a stab at an answer with apologies to Sean.
When converting from spherical coordinates to cartesian, you have to pay attention to the assumptions of the spherical coordinate system being used. In this case the assumption used in the equatorial coordinate system about the meaning of the Declination angle is different then the assumption used in the first equation in Sean's answer. We know this because the value for x is (cos δi * sin αi). This is correct for inclination, or the case where the angle is between the vector and the Z axis. For equatorial coordinates the angle is between the vector and the XY plane.
Spherical coordinate systems using inclination are diagrammed here:
Wikipedia on spherical coordinate systems
The equatorial coordinate system is diagrammed here:
Wikipedia on the equatorial coordinate system
So to calculate the Cartesian vectors for a given equatorial point from the usual astronomical notation to degrees or radians. Right Ascension is given in hours, minutes and seconds. An hour is 15 degrees. (The are 24 hours in a complete revolution and 360/24 is 15.) A minute is 1/60 of an hour. 15/60 gives 1/4 so every minute is 1/4 of a degree. Finally, a second is 1/60 of a minute. Multiplying the fraction of a minute in a second (1/60) by the number of degrees in a minute (1/4) gives the number degrees in a second. (1/(60*4)) = 1/240. Multiply the hours by 15, then the minutes by 1/4 and finally the seconds by 1/240, then add the three numbers together.
More info here:
Wikipedia on Right Ascension
There is a similar bit of work for Declination. Declination is in Degrees, minutes, seconds. We don't have to convert from hours to degrees since the declination does not use the idea of hours. Minutes and seconds convert as with Right Ascension.
More here:
Wikipedia on Declination
After this conversion you can transform the coordinates from spherical to Cartesian. In order to do this, we need to know the radius, or distance from the origin of the coordinate system and the object. Equatorial points don't usually come with this information. We can use 1 because the distance doesn't change the angle between the two points. It also makes the math easier.
To get X, we start by calculating the projection of the vector on the XY plane.
LenXY = 1*cos(Declination)
We next need to calculate the projection of the vector on the XY plane onto the X axis.
X = LenXY*cos(Right Ascension) or
X = cos(Declination)*cos(Right Ascension)
The process for Y is similar but of course we want the projection on the Y axis. This will be sin(Right Ascension) instead of cos.
Y = LenXY*sin(Right Ascension) or
Y = cos(declination)*sin(Right Ascension)
Finally Z is the projection of the original vector on the Z axis. Since Declination is relative to the Z axis, although measured with respect to the XY plane, we can calculate the projection directly.
Z = 1*sin(Declination) or
Z = sin(Declination)
I believe the Haversine would work as it is meant for work with longitude and latitude. Latitude makes use of a declination angle the same way Declination in equatorial coordinates does.
Since the issue appears to be the limit of the amount of a precision typical floating point numbers in computers have, I would suggest looking at math libraries that support arbitrary precision. A library for Python is here: Link to Python Arbitrary Precision library
Finally, here is a link to a description on how to calculate the position of the moon and planets given their orbital elements.
Computing Planetary Positions
• $\begingroup$ Hi @jeffry7. I believe Sean's answer is most correct except for an "obvious" mistake: the X and Y components cannot be identical. I will try to correct his post and add the equation that should be given (the equation for the dot product). $\endgroup$
– JohnHoltz
Feb 22 '19 at 3:15
• $\begingroup$ Hi @JohnHoltz, that does look better. It might be helpful to add which angle in Sean's answer is which. If, like me, you don't know which symbol means which angle, then using his answer is not straight forward. $\endgroup$
– jeffry7
Feb 24 '19 at 3:17
Your Answer
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How Fast Can Guinea Pigs Run?
Guinea pigs are small animals that can run quite fast. If your guinea pig has ever escaped from their cage or struggled out of your arms, you know how hard it was to run after them and catch them.
They have awkwardly tiny legs compared to their body sizes. However, they also have positive allometry of leg length and their body masses.
Guinea pigs are prey animals and because they cannot fight back, their survival mode is running away so as not to become a predator’s meal. This has made them adapt well to this survival mechanism.
So maybe you’ve seen them while on a run and wondered whether they are the fastest small animals or how fast they can run. Well, you’re just about to find out.
How fast can guinea pigs run?
Guinea pigs can run as fast as 6 miles per hour on average. They run at different speeds depending on their breed and body size. Their speeds are well adapted for short sudden runs at high speed.
Their running ability is developed such that they can get moving right after birth. Young guinea pigs will run around following their mothers as they eat. They are also born with the instinct of running away in case of predators.
Pregnant guinea pigs are capable of running as fast as they normally do no matter the stage of their pregnancy. Whether they are pregnant with one or two little guinea pigs, the size of the fetus will not hinder their running ability hence their usual running speed.
Fastest guinea pig
In July 2009, according to the Guinness World Records, ten guinea pigs participated in a 10m race with the fastest guinea pig, Flash, coming first and at a record of 8.81 seconds.
Do guinea pigs enjoy running?
Yes, guinea pigs like running. Every now and then you will see them running all over their cage popcorning around and playing especially if they are happy and content.
This is good for their health and body weight. It’s a great exercise that helps to prevent boredom and avoid obesity which comes with negative factors like constant lethargy in your pet or even diabetes.
Also, because they are born with the instinct of running to avoid danger, they will tend to run and hide whenever they sense that a predator is nearby.
Where can guinea pigs run?
Now that we have seen the benefits of running to guinea pigs, you may want to know where you can let them run. Is their cage okay? Should you take them out?
Well, guinea pigs can run in their cages, inside the house, or even outdoors. You have to be very careful though if you let them out to prevent injuries or the case of a lost pet.
Let’s look into ways to ensure safety at all times.
In the cage
It’s perfectly okay for guinea pigs to run around their cage, after all, that’s where they spend most of their time. Have a large enough cage for these running games so that they don’t feel cramped up.
A good size for a cage with only one occupant is 7.5 square feet and for two guinea pigs, it’s 10.5 square feet. This should provide enough space for their runs and all cage accessories like their bowls, water bottles, hay, toys, and beddings. Always try to distribute everything around the cage.
Inside the house
You can let guinea pigs out of their cages to stretch out and enjoy being in a different environment. If you do not have a big outdoor space, your house can work the trick just fine.
However, your house is filled with things that could easily harm your pet so you should be extra careful and watchful. Guinea pigs are small animals so they can easily get lost or get stuck in tiny spaces.
Do make sure to:
• Remove any electric cords that could be lying down.
• Cover small spaces that your pet could use to escape.
• Put away all human foods.
• Lay toys around for them to play with.
• Provide snacks and treats.
• Place some towels down in case they want to pee.
If you have a spacious outdoor, you can let your guinea pigs out every once in a while. Guinea pigs love the outdoors because they get to breathe in the fresh air and sniff on things as they have their little adventures.
Keep a keen eye on them so that they don’t run away. Do fill up little spaces they could pass through to escape. They will enjoy running outside because it’s just like their natural habitats where they roam freely.
Do guinea pigs like exercise balls and wheel runs?
You may have seen movies like G-Force where guinea pigs run in exercise balls and thought of how cute it would be to get your pet one of those. Exercise balls and wheel runs provide run exercises.
They are popular with small animals like hamsters and mice which would make you think that guinea pigs will love them too. In reality, they are dangerous to them.
Hamsters and mice have different skeletal anatomy to guinea pigs which enables them to stretch well on exercise balls and wheels.
Guinea pigs on the other hand have delicate spines that cannot stretch and bend well on the wheels and balls. They can easily get hurt and even die while on the wheels.
Guinea pigs can lack enough air circulation while in the exercise balls as they are not well ventilated. If temperatures are high in the ball it could lead to heatstroke as guinea pigs cannot regulate their temperatures.
Guinea pigs are fast runners and you will notice them running around their cages often. Build some tunnels and mazes with cardboards for them to run through and exercise as they are playing.
If they are playing outside their cages, make sure that you do not leave them unsupervised to avoid losing your pet, them getting stuck somewhere, or getting injured.
Guinness World Records (2009)
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Pen and Ink Techniques
The basics and terminology of ink art.
Some of the common techniques, vocabulary and tools and that I recommend trying for beginners of ink art.
Hatching: An ink drawing technique where you apply tone and texture in rows of parallel lines.
Cross Hatching: Where you crisscross several layers of hatching in order to darken your tones.
Stippling: Ink drawing technique where you apply tone and texture by altering the density and distribution of ink dots such as a fine pen for light shading using more distance between each dot and increasing the dots to create a darker more dense appearance.
Value:The lightness and darkness of an object or colour.
Tonal Range: Various shades of grey between absolute black and absolute white.
Line: A mark made by a pencil, brush, tool, etc., forming a part of a design.
Form: Pertains to the shape and structure of a particular object.
Contrast: A line, shape, colour or value that differs from those which are dominant in the work.
High Key: Exclusive Use of light or pale values.
Low Key: Exclusive use of dark values.
Texture: The way a surface feels or appears to feels.
Pattern: Repeated line, design, colour, etc.
Pen and Ink Techniques used in Illustration
This is the line work illustration of the banner image above for my Narnia Snow Queen / Witch. I have used several of the above mentioned techniques to show how they work together and on their own to create various effects. The use of thin lines for the background and thicker lines for the foreground helps to create the illusion of depth.
Pen and Ink Tools
There is a wide array of pens and inks out there like anything from a crow’s quill, traditional dip pen to contemporary markers and brushes, but I find Sakura Pigma Micron – Pigment Fineliner Pens with nib sizes: 0.20mm, 0.25mm, 0.35mm, 0.45mm, 0.50mm or 01/03/05/08/Graphic/Brush works well for me. The ink will not bleed through the paper, and is indelible and lightfast which dries to a neutral PH, they are also water resistant so they are great for using with watercolours or washes.
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In Glogpedia
by aherickson
Last updated 7 years ago
Language Arts
English Language Learners ELL, ESL EFL
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By. Alex Erickson
Parachuting is when a person jumps from an aircraft, and falls towards the ground with the help of gravity. The person has a parachute strapped onto their back, and when they get close enough to the ground, they release the parachute to slow their fall.
There are many types of parachuting, such as free flying, tracking, formation sky diving, pond swooping, cross country, night jumps, sky surfing, and base jumping.
Many of these parachuting types are similar. Formation skydiving is when mulptiple people parachute, but in the free fall, they grab onto each others arms to form a geometrical shape. Pond swooping and cross country are both competitive. Pond swooping is when a person glides across a pond and is trying to get to the shore, and cross country is when a person trys to glide as far as possible in the air. Sky surfing is when you have a board attached to your feet, and you glide through the air as if you were surfing. BASE jumping is when you jump from a platform instead of an aircraft.
Parachuting makes you feel the adrenalin rush when you are about to jump. While you are freefalling you feel like you are free from anything or anyone; just you. As the wind rushes by you, you pull a tab to activate the parachute. From there it is gliding safely towards the ground gracefully and safely.
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Posted by: episystechpubs | September 3, 2020
Editor’s Corner: Dissolving Distinctions, Pt. 2
Good morning! I’m back with your final five word pairs that have dissolving distinctions (and a little bonus information at the end). I know it’s only Thursday, but I can see the long holiday weekend from here, and I want to wish you a very happy Labor Day. But first, read on to learn about the distinct meanings of the following words.
1. Convince/persuade: To convince someone is to cause that person to accept a truth, while to persuade is to cause someone, through reasoning or argument, to do something. Thus, the distinction is between influencing thought and prompting action.
1. Ensure/insure: To ensure is to guarantee, while insure has a more specific sense of indemnity against loss, but the latter word is widely used in the sense expressed by the former word. (Assure, with the same root, means “convince or give confidence” and is also often employed as a lazy substitute for ensure.)
1. Figuratively/literally: Figuratively pertains to hyperbolic or metaphorical references, while literally means “in an exact or strict sense,” but many people misuse the latter word as an intensifier when they intend to convey the sense of the former word, as in “My head literally exploded when she said that!” One who literally experienced such a phenomenon would no longer be alive to report it. [dbb – Many of you have told me this is a pet peeve. I hear you.]
1. Libel/slander: Both libel and slander are, in legal usage, acts of defamation—communication of a falsehood that damages an entity’s reputation—but libel is written expression, while slander is an oral statement.
1. Poisonous/venomous: In literal usage, the distinction is one of delivery—poison produced by living things acts on an individual when one eats or touches it, and chemical poisons, though they may be administered by a person to another, do not themselves “choose” to poison the victim. By contrast, venom is injected into its victim by a bite or a sting from another animal, either in self-defense or in an attack on prey by a predator. Figuratively, poisonous describes a psychologically dysfunctional environment or person, while venomous applies only to an individual, often one who is malevolent or spiteful.
Two other word pairs that deserve distinction are if and whether and what and which: In the case of if and whether, if is employed when describing a condition, as in “I will take a river cruise on the Seine if I visit Paris,” and whether denotes a choice or a doubt, as in “I don’t know whether I will (or “will have time to”) take a river cruise on the Seine when I visit Paris.” In conversation and in informal writing, if is acceptable in the latter senses, but in formal writing, use whether. Likewise, which is a more specific usage that what when referring to particular selections: “I don’t know which outfits I’m going to pack” is preferable to “I don’t know what outfits I’m going to pack.”
Donna Bradley Burcher | Senior Technical Editor | Symitar®
About Editor’s Corner
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Ever wondered how to teach a new language? Read this!
Learning how to read and write in a new language is very crucial. It can expand your professional capability and improve socialization chinese classes by Yi This is especially when you have moved or are planning to move to a new country where they speak a different language. Teaching a new language is, therefore, a big responsibility. Here is how to prepare a new language to beginners.
Implement varied classroom setups
The most traditional classroom setup is where the students sit in rows with the teacher upfront. This is ideal for formal instruction where the teacher imparts knowledge directly upon the learners using a whiteboard or blackboard. Another typical setup is where the teacher sits in the middle of the classroom, surrounded by the students. It allows for more interaction between the instructor and the learners. However, these are not the only setups that can be implemented for learning a new language. Here are some others;
The semi-circle: this is where all the tables and desks are pushed to the walls. After that, the seats are placed in the middle space in a semi-circle. Students can now use them for warm-ups or paired exercises.
Face to face: this is a setup where the students sit in chairs opposite each other. The tables are removed to enable direct eye contact. This setup is also applicable for pair work. In the face to face setup, it is essential to make sure that there’s some space between the learners for you to move around. This facilitates smooth supervision.
Back to back: this is an arrangement where the students sit with their backs to each other. They’re able to hear but can’t see each other. It is ideal for practicing telephone conversations. That’s because the learners depend on what they understand more than what they see.
Draw as much as possible
Learners of new languages depend immensely on illustration. They prefer to see what they are learning about. For this reason, it is essential to draw a lot as you explain concepts, objects, or animals in the new language. Along with this, you can have charts that are printed with pictures labeled in the native and new languages at the same time.
Apply scripted role play
Students understand the material quickly when they are learning from each other. Due to this, it is beneficial to have them learn through scripted role-play. You can set up situations such as buying a postcard, buying a train ticket, or booking a hotel room. Through reading the script and also practicing it practically, the students can learn and enjoy at the same time.
Teaching a new language requires patience. It also requires expertise and creativity. The guidelines explained above can help you to learn how to perform this task. They are reliable indicators of how to teach a new language. |
predatory birds texas
Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The silky-flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds which occur mainly in Central America. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. Your contact information is used to deliver requested updates or to access your subscriber preferences. The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers. Most, but not all, are rather plain. Birds of prey include hawks, eagles, owls, osprey, kites and falcons. Includes photos and descriptions of behavior, habitat, and seasonal occurrence. As a family they are omnivorous, but individual species specialize in eating fruits, seeds, insects, or other types of food. Their bodies tend to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. These birds have adaptations which allows them to submerge and walk on the bottom to feed on insect larvae. Order: Passeriformes Family: Aegithalidae. Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. Order: Procellariiformes Family: Diomedeidae. They are typically associated with open woodland. The gnatcatchers are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. “Birds of prey are really any bird that has a curved beak and talons, and they are also carnivores,” says Laura VonMutius, education manager for the Audubon Center for Birds of Prey in Maitland, Florida. The oystercatchers are large, obvious, and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open molluscs. These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their structure and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. any personal information to the agency. Order: Suliformes Family: Phalacrocoracidae. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. … Before I list my most dangerous animals in Texas, I do want to make it clear that virtually all wild animals just want to be left alone and present no threat to humans under normal circumstances. See more ideas about Birds, Pet birds, Beautiful birds. These are mainly small arboreal insectivores, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing. E-Newsletter Archive. The gallery contains 320 birds that are seen in the Upper Texas Coast area. Pandionidae is a monotypic family of fish-eating birds of prey. Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. Oyster, shrimp, clams mussels and some crabs subject to license requirements, possessions limits, means and methods of take and size restrictions. Order: Falconiformes Family: Falconidae. Visit the best birdwatching spots in the United States, including the species you'll see in each location, and when they migrate throughout the year. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves. The wood-warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down. The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. Order: Procellariiformes Family: Oceanitidae. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. The UK’s birds of prey come in a huge The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. All are insectivorous. Birds appeal to our appreciation of diversity and beauty, and birdwatching provides a great opportunity to enjoy the great outdoors. Black Gap Wildlife Management Area Peregrine Falcon … One boy suffered cuts to the face after a gull stole his sausage. Identifying these birds of prey can be exciting; however, it is important to be careful and bring the right equipment in order to stay safe. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name. Manage My Subscriptions, archive Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. They feed on seeds, fruit, and plants. Their food is insects and seeds. Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. They encourage people to … Typical or "true" owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. Finches are seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Many species have distinctive black head patterns (especially males) and long, regularly cocked, black-and-white tails. They are strong, acrobatic fliers. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. The plumage displayed by this bird can vary widely depending upon age, color morph, and whether migratory subspecies are in the area. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. Loons are aquatic birds, the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Birds of prey, also known as raptors, include species of bird that primarily hunt and feed on vertebrates that are large relative to the hunter. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills, and ibises use to clean off fish slime. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. The members of the birds of prey consists of the mighty California Condor, an endangered species that is struggling to survive on a continent where its habitat is shrinking and man-made obstructions are hindering its survival. Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. It was placed in its own family in 2017. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet. Texas A&M University Press, College Station. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Identify birds in North America for bird watching or as a bird guide. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. Cover photo by Chase Fountain, TPWD. Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. Oct 23, 2020 - Explore Melissa Geis's board "Birds of Houston & Texas", followed by 388 people on Pinterest. Written descriptions of sight records of these species have been accepted by the TBRC. The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. The northern mockingbird is the state bird of Texas. 12 BIRDS OF PREY WITH CALL No copyright infringement intended. Many have attractive songs. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas. The TOS handbook of Texas birds. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance. Order: Passeriformes Family: Icteriidae. Red-tailed Hawks are year round residents, but their numbers increase in the winter when northern populations migrate into Texas. Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. … The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. Texas Birds Introducing Texans to Common Birds Unless otherwise noted, photos courtesy of Jim DeVries. The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. The list of birds of Texas is the official list of species recorded in the U.S. state of Texas according to the Texas Bird Records Committee (TBRC) of the Texas Ornithological Society. The footage is used for educational purposes. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. Vultures are also sometimes included as birds of prey. Order: Passeriformes Family: Tyrannidae. The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey. This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers (Parulidae) but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. Wild Birds: All wild birds that migrate through or are indigenous to Texas, along with their plumage or other parts, eggs, nests and young are protected from harming, killing and/or possession by state and federal law except that European starlings, English sparrows, and feral pigeons may be killed at any time and their nests and eggs may be destroyed. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. The olive warbler has a gray body with some olive-green on the wings and two white wing bars. Text by Mark Klym. They are small to medium-sized birds. Most members of this family are insectivores. McKinney, B. R. 1994. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. Night Vision. Predators and Prey Abound. Birds of Prey include; the condor, eagles, falcons, harrier, hawks, osprey, shrikes, vultures and more. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. The list of birds of Texas is the official list of species recorded in the U.S. state of Texas according to the Texas Bird Records Committee (TBRC) of the Texas Ornithological Society. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. Order: Procellariiformes Family: Hydrobatidae. The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses of the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Threskiornithidae. Birds of Prey Large birds of prey, such as eagles, owls and hawks, may appear majestic in flight, but can ravage a population of wild birds. Find birds of south texas stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. The approximately 30 species in this family were formerly lumped with the families Pipridae and Cotingidae. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Most of the more than 150 species in this family are found in the New World. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Scolopacidae. They have long, broad wings. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood-warblers apart from their heavier bills. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae. Some have crests. Skuas and jaegers are in general medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Jacanidae. For birders and identification of wild birds. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. ‘Birds of prey’ are large, predatory bird species that have hooked bills, sharp talons, strong feet, and keen eyesight and hearing. Order: Phoenicopteriformes Family: Phoenicopteridae. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. This is the only species in its family. Order: Passeriformes Family: Certhiidae. Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in Texas as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. Order: Passeriformes Family: Bombycillidae. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary. Snakes: While most snakes are not fast or agile enough to catch birds, even slower, more deliberate snakes such as boas or pythons will prey on eggs and nests. They are related to waxwings and most species have small crests. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Order: Procellariiformes Family: Procellariidae. The cardinals are a family of robust seed-eating birds with strong bills. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Trogons are residents of tropical forests worldwide with the greatest diversity in Central and South America. Order: Passeriformes Family: Thamnophilidae. [1] Of them, 163 are considered review species. This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the Check-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 61st Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS). Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family. As of June 2020, the list contained 654 … The long-tailed tits are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. what birds and animals, perceived as predatory, can be legally controlled and under what circumstances, rather than a detailed discussion of individual regulations. Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A 10-foot-tall carnivorous bird roamed the Earth millions of years ago, but it wasn't trapped in isolation. Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Most animals will only attack people if they are either surprised and feel directly threatened, or if they are attempting to protect their young. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. Order: Galliformes Family: Odontophoridae. Order: Accipitriformes Family: Accipitridae. Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Until 2018, this family's three species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae. "Check-list of North and Middle American Birds", "Google map of locations related to thick billed parrots", List of birds of Guadalupe Mountains National Park, National Register of Historic Places Sites,, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 October 2020, at 13:31. Vultures are also sometimes included as birds of prey. . Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country. The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. Additionally, they have keen eyesight for detecting food at a distance or during flight, strong feet equipped with talons for grasping or … Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish. The chachalacas, guans, and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. Order: Pelecaniformes Family: Pelecanidae. Order: Podicipediformes Family: Podicipedidae. Anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long straight beaks. Its single species possesses a very large and powerful hooked beak, strong legs, strong talons, and keen eyesight. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. Order: Passeriformes Family: Vireonidae. The birds can weigh more than 3 pounds, with wingspans Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. However, they did not meet the criteria (identifiable specimen, photo, video, or audio recording) for inclusion on the official list. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water. Raptors typically feed on small mammals and birds, including finches, sparrows and many As the name implies, most are insectivorous. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. the color was was … Identify birds in North America for bird watching or as a bird guide. Order: Trogoniformes Family: Trogonidae. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen. An additional accidental/historical species has been added from another source. Order: Passeriformes Family: Calcariidae. Birds travel widely and are very good at finding islands on which to nest. Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The birds aggressively steal food from humans, causing potential injuries from the massive, razor-like bills. As the bird attains full maturity over the course of 3-4 years, the pupils slowly darken into a reddish-brown hue. Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. For birders and identification of wild birds. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. Predatory birds are birds that hunt and eat other animals that are considered large compared to the bird itself. The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Order: Phaethontiformes Family: Phaethontidae. Order: Passeriformes Family: Thraupidae. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color which is often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. The waxwings are a group of passerine birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, and skimmers. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Haematopodidae. Horned lizards use their horns to defend against predatory birds. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Order: Passeriformes Family: Ptiliogonatidae. See more ideas about Birds, Beautiful birds, Pet birds. Order: Psittaciformes Family: Psittacidae. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Surf Scoter: This medium-sized diving duck is entirely black except for white patches on the forehead and nape. Often birds are seen with binoculars or with the naked eye, and only a fleeting glimpse is available. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence. Order: Accipitriformes Family: Pandionidae. Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. The jacanas are a family of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Order: Passeriformes Family: Passeridae. They are forest birds which tend to feed on insects on or near the ground. Order: Cathartiformes Family: Cathartidae. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body. Based on numerous analyses related to these birds’ prey size, their aggressiveness and the proportion of the bird’s body size in relation to the prey size, we have appointed the winner and the whole list in that category. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes, and cryptic plumage. Gyrfalcon: Large northern falcon with three color morphs: dark, white, and gray. Immature birds, or birds that are only a few years old, can also readily be identified by having yellowish pupils. The thick-knees are a group of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. The male's head and breast are orange and there is a black patch through the eye. Order: Columbiformes Family: Columbidae. Order: Passeriformes Family: Cardinalidae. Order: Coraciiformes Family: Alcedinidae. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water. Harpy Eagles are some of the world’s largest and most powerful birds of prey. Gulls are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Email subscriber privacy policy The world’s largest predatory birds Many people wonder which bird is crowned ‘king of the skies’. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Nuthatches are small woodland birds. Children under 13 years of age must have a parent/guardian's consent before providing and cookie statement. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. The only member of this family in the New World, the verdin one of the smallest passerines in North America. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. account_circle The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. Their feet are four-toed and webbed. Six species were introduced to Texas, two are known to be extinct and another is thought to be, and a fourth is extirpated and possibly extinct. Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Stercorariidae. Many species are brightly colored. The best way, as it turns out, is to hijack birds. Insects and spiders, including those listed federally as threatened or endangered, are not protected under state law. As of June 2020, the list contained 654 species. The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. Content of this site copyright Texas Parks and Wildlife Department unless otherwise noted. Water birds that can reliably seen hunting throughout the year include Great Blue and Little Blue Herons, Snowy Egrets, Great Egrets, … The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. Order: Ciconiiformes Family: Ciconiidae. Order: Passeriformes Family: Hirundinidae. The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds mostly restricted to the New World, though a few other species in the family are found in Asia. The Old World flycatchers form a large family of small passerine birds. Discover what eats birds, including the most dangerous predator of all. Order: Caprimulgiformes Family: Caprimulgidae. These are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. | See temporary closures and business changes, Texas Farm and Ranch Land Conservation Program, The Texas Department of State Health Services, Zoonoses Control Division. Summer Year Round Migration Winter (non breeding) iii How to Use This Book Range Maps:: I am not familiar with Texas birds so I hope you can help ID this bird the beck is orange and it was gray with some orange feathers in it's wings. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects. Order: Passeriformes Family: Polioptilidae. Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Owls in the family Tytonidae are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. Order: Passeriformes Family: Motacillidae. They make woven bag nests in trees. Jun 13, 2019 - Explore mscalzo's board "Predatory birds", followed by 174 people on Pinterest. Order: Passeriformes Family: Muscicapidae. [2] Common and scientific names are also those of the Check-list, except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them. Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. Order: Passeriformes Family: Troglodytidae. They tend to feed on small mammals, birds, insects and reptiles. Order: Passeriformes Family: Peucedramidae. Texas A&M’s Veterinary Medicine program encourages, pet owners living closer to rural areas to look for nesting areas, and to stay away. Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. Note: Since birds are not usually in hand when identifying, our identification key are based on visual cues. These tags are used to annotate some species: Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Recurvirostridae. East Texas Birds, Birding, and Bird Watching We love bird watching, and East Texas is a great place for that interest! Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. Order: Charadriiformes Family: Burhinidae. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. Order: Passeriformes Family: Fringillidae. Verdins are insectivores, and are usually solitary except when they pair up to construct their conspicuous nests. Birds are at risk from many odd predators, including plants, fish, and frogs. Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. The kinglets and "crests" are a small family of birds which resemble some warblers. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colorful facial ornaments. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Order: Passeriformes Family: Passerellidae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns. They feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. The Red-tailed Hawk is a large bird with a wingspan that can approach 5 feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. They are very small insectivorous birds in the single genus Regulus.
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September 16, 2021 5 min read
In times of high stress, your mental health is often one of the first changes you'll notice. Perhaps your once happy-go-lucky attitude has been replaced by a negative outlook. Or maybe you're finding yourself overcome with negative and compulsive thoughts. Stress can mess with your mind in a number of ways. But as it turns out, there are physiological explanations for nearly all of the effects of stress and we're going to tell you more about them in this post. So, if you've always wondered how stress affects the brain (and what you can do about it), this is one post you won't want to miss!
What is Stress?
Before we begin exploring how stress affects the brain, let's first do a recap of how stress works in general.
As much as stress has a negative connotation, it's not always a bad thing. Stress is, in fact, a response to threats. It's meant to protect us.
For example, when your brain tells your body to protect itself from a stressor or threat, a number of things happen. One being our digestion slows down so those resources can instead go toward fighting off whatever threat you are facing.
It's all thanks to a number of stress hormones that these things happen, including the big one: cortisol!
As Harvard Health Publishing explains:
As a result of making sure the rest of the body has the energy it needs to fight or flee, a number of other systems are affected. In addition to digestive changes we just mentioned, this can also include things like sweating, increased heart rate, and muscle tension.
These things don't seem so bad on their surface. After all, you'll most certainly want the energy to escape an impending threat when it appears.
But here's the problem, with chronic or ongoing stress, we end up in a constant state of "fight-or-flight." We can't relax, and over time, this leads to a cascade of effects on the brain and body.
How Stress Affects the Brain
When it comes to exactly how stress affects the brain, there are a number of profound findings from medical studies worth covering.
Interestingly, stress can not only change the structure of certain parts of the brain, but researchers have also discovered it can even cause parts of the brain to shrink.
For example, this study from Stanford University found that stress can actually shrink the neurons in the brain.
Now, before you begin panicking about shrinking your brain from stress, it's worth noting this is usually the result of long-term chronic stress. At the same time, this type of stress is also different from the anxiety many of us feel on a daily basis.
The Difference Between Stress and Anxiety
So that brings us here to your next question: What's the difference between stress and anxiety?
Simply put, anxiety is a feeling whereas stress is a physical response. Stress is something that can be actively measured by testing the levels of stress hormones (like cortisol) in the body. On the other hand, anxiety is subjective, and it can only be measured on a personal scale.
This doesn't mean, however, that stress and anxiety don't relate to one another at all! In response to stress, we may begin to experience anxiety. For example, if we have a rise in stress hormones thinking about an upcoming test? This in turn causes us to feel anxiety.
Now it's time to talk more about the effects of chronic stress—rather than acute stress or anxiety—on the brain. When it comes to how stress affects the brain, the findings tend to be ever-evolving. Research is constantly being done on the topic and there are many gray areas still left undiscovered.
Chronic stress means high levels of cortisol, the primary stress hormone, over time. Ultimately, a higher level of this hormone has a dramatic effect on the brain. But also on a number of the body's systems! From digestive changes to mood changes, respiratory changes, and even reproductive consequences, there is virtually no part of your body stress can't touch.
But since this post is all about how stress affects the brain, let's talk more about that.
How Chronic Stress Affects the Brain
In this Ted Talk from journalist Madhumita Murgia, she offers one of the most straightforward explanations for how chronic stress affects the brain:
"Chronic stress increases the activity level and number of neural connections in the amygdala, your brain's fear center. And as levels of cortisol rise, electric signals in your hippocampus, the part of the brain associated with learning, memories, and stress control, deteriorate. The hippocampus also inhibits the activity of the HPA axis, so when it weakens, so does your ability to control your stress. That's not all, though.
Cortisol can literally cause your brain to shrink in size. Too much of it results in the loss of synaptic connections between neurons and the shrinking of your prefrontal cortex, the part of your brain that regulates behaviors like concentration, decision-making, judgement, and social interaction. It also leads to fewer new brain cells being made in the hippocampus. This means chronic stress might make it harder for you to learn and remember things, and also set the stage for more serious mental problems, like depression and eventually Alzheimer's disease."
What Does This Mean for You?
It's easy to start panicking once you learn more about what stress can do to the brain. It's a vicious cycle, because worrying about what stress can do to the brain only causes more stress. Stress, in many ways, is inevitable. And as we've covered, a certain amount is good. But once it becomes chronic, this is when the negative consequences can start to set it.
But rather than feeling doomed about a life of stress, what if you took action today? What if there was a way to become more resilient to life's stress and set yourself up for mental and physical well-being? There are a number of ways of doing this you might already be aware of—you know, things like exercise, meditation, and eating well.
(Take a look at this post to learn more about building emotional resilience)
There is one method you might not have considered yet and it's one we're eager to tell you more about: vagus nerve stimulation.
Meet the Vagus Nerve
Did you know your brain and body are designed with the ability to self-soothe during or after stressful moments? It’s a process we know as neuromodulation. This is where your parasympathetic nervous system kicks in to slow your heart rate and breathing in moments of heightened tension..AKA, when you're in flight-or-fight mode! Your vagus nerve is the ultimate ‘chill-out’ machine, signalling the brain to release calming neurotransmitters like acetylcholine and serotonin.
There are a few different ways to experience VNS for yourself. For centuries, different populations have been practicing a number of methods for doing so, including deep breathing, cold water plunges, and meditation.
There are also more invasive methods of VNS, including surgical implantation of a neurostimulating device in the neck.
But let's say you're not eager to take a cold plunge or have a surgical procedure to experience the calming effects of VNS. Well, prepare to meet your new best friend: Xen headphones by Neuvana!
Xen is a patented electronic device that delivers gentle micropulses through headphones directly to the vagus nerve located in your ear. It pairs wirelessly to your Neuvana app, where you can customize your sessions. The result? Improved focus and calm anywhere you are.
Ready to try it for yourself? Click here to get Xen. |
One of the most peaceful trips I ever took was the one to the Australian Outback. Uluru loomed large in my mind ever since I saw pictures of it in an encyclopedia as a child, and seeing it in front of me reminded me of how delicate our planet is sometimes–how it is a force beyond our reckoning and yet so pliable to our wants as humans.
Bushfires aren’t always a bad thing. Just like other ecosystems, sometimes there needs to be death before there can be growth. Sometimes, this death has been caused by humans (like the fires started by the Aboriginal people over thousands of years) and other times, by natural occurrences. The world is always in flux–adaptation is needed in order to survive.
australian bushfires
Photo by Manuel Meurisse.
However, the devastation occurring at this moment from the fires in Australia is more than just the planet trying to find a natural balance. With more than 75 percent of the country reporting worse fire conditions this year and people losing their homes, this is more than just the world righting itself after a few changes in temperature. We are creating a planet that is more difficult to live on day by day.
The entire continent has been affected with temperatures increasing up to 34 degrees fahrenheit higher than average. Rainfall has decreased dramatically in several areas of Australia, and as these changes become more intense every year, it is almost impossible not to feel hopeless about our earth and its future. What could one hundred people do? What could a single individual do?
Awareness is the first step to understanding these changes and how they affect environments and living things within them. Animals and the environment are suffering the most, with 1.5 billion living things dying and unable to understand what is going on. We are losing people too–26 at the writing of this article (and hopefully no one more).
Once we are able to understand why this is happening, we can make steps toward preventing more devastation. Australia has been one of the areas most affected by climate change, and where it is located on the planet traps carbon emissions more than other places might. This is one of the reasons why it is on fire, as well as other forms of environmental strife.
So what can we do to help? Whether we choose to knit new pouches for baby kangaroos or we donate our time and money to organizations that are working to find solutions, we are doing something. It might not seem like a lot, and the overwhelming horror of the death and destruction the fires have left behind might seem larger than anything we can possibly do, but small actions are sometimes the most effective. They’re the ones that need to be completed first before we can move onto bigger issues.
It also invites a larger conversation about how we approach our relationship with our planet on a global scale. We need to make these fires the forefront of our issues. We need to do more than throw our hands up in despair when we see our world on fire around us. Whether this is through politics, amongst family and friends, or on social media, it’s up to us to help when it is needed and to take these concerns globally.
australian busfires
Photo by Daniel Sessler.
One of the reasons I found the Outback so peaceful was it is inherently tied to our primal relationship with nature. There is something very profound about the red dirt covering the ground, the sky going on seemingly forever. For me, knowing a place I felt most connected with the earth was experiencing has been difficult, and I can only imagine what it must feel like for those who call it home. Australia is a place unlike any other and we must do what we can to help it remain that way.
While I stood out underneath the stars of the Southern Hemisphere, Uluru looming in the darkness, I was reminded of a quote from Bruce Chatwin’s “The Songlines” about his time experiencing the continent of Australia and its emotional power:
It’s time for us all to cross over and demolish our houses if we care about our home.
If you would like to assist those dealing with the consequences of the Australian bushfires, you can donate and find out more at these organizations:
Header photo by Ondrej Machart. |
PCB Connector Types and Its Uses
PCB, aka the printed circuit board, has become the lifeline to every electrical device we use these days for different use. The PCB helps link among PCB connectors to transfer signals from one component to another to help the entire device work properly.
Depending on their applications, functioning, and construction design, you will find many PCB connector types in a single device. The classification mainly includes board-to-board and wire-to-wire PCB connections, but it also has different subcategories due to versatile uses.
In today’s discussion, you will find the details about the common types of PCB connectors and their uses that will be understandable even for novices.
So, let’s check it out.
Table of Contents
What Is PCB Connector?
A PCB connector will connect electrical components. The connection could be on the conductive track itself. Also, it could be between the pads used in the circuit board. Many devices come with multiple PCBs and use various equipment or connections to link two or more printed circuit boards within the device.
You will find the connectors right on the circuit boards. It aims to transfer power or signals from one PCB to another to help the device function properly. Also, it may transfer the signal from one unit of the device to another via the different boards and connections.
The Two Main PCB Connector Types
Countless devices use the PCB connectors in different ways, which have usurped the development of different connections. That’s why it is essential that the connection type meets the design necessity of the device and is also suitable for it.
The two common types of PCB connectors are-
Board to Board Connections:
As the name suggests, the board-to-board PCB connectors link between two PCBs. It doesn’t use any cable or wire for the connection and transfers signals wirelessly. For the permanent board-to-board connections, manufacturers use the ‘fit and forget’ method.
The connection uses receptacles and pins instead of wires for signal transfer..
Wire to Board Connections:
The connection uses wire or cable to connect printed circuit board and PCB connectors. It is an easy connecting process for different devices and cost-effective too. It is used mostly in normal PCB devices where there’re not so many complex connections.
Apart from these two main PCB connectors, you will also see many connection types for PCB, depending on their functions and designs. The list includes the following ones-
Male PCB Connectors:
The PCV connector comes with a row of pins. The pins are simple and arranged in various spacing within the board. The pin arrangement works with its headers and is also known as pin header connections for the boards. The spacing differs from 0.1 inches to 0.2 to 0.197 inches or even more.
Female PCB Connector:
The female connector for PCB is also referred to as a socket connection. People also call it the header receptacles for its design. The female connector will accommodate the male connector header tightly within it.
The male and female PCB connections create a safe passage for the electrical components to pass through power and electrical signals.
Backplane Connectors:
The backplane connector helps to connect two different PCBs snuggly. The connection reduces signal loss, and so boosts the data transfer rate between the boards. It is, in reality, a support structure and provides help to connect printed circuit boards.
You can also use it to integrate different electrical components on its plane. The method is known as a daughterboard.
USB Connectors:
In today’s world, USB connection is the heart of many devices. Also, you will see the USB connectors more frequently than most other types of PCB connectors. You can see it in smartphones, laptops, tablets, computers, and where not!
There are four types of USB connectors you will find in modern-day devices-
• USB-A: Computers and laptops have USB-A type connectors along with the female end. The common example includes computer mouse, memory sticks, etc. The female end works as the receptacle, and the male ends as the header to connect devices.
• USB-B: Type B USB connectors are bulky and heavier. It is used in large devices where spacing isn’t an issue, such as music players.
• USB-C: Type C connectors are the latest edition in the USB sector and have been the key of most smartphones these days. Its updated design is strengthened for most demanding jobs. It can transfer power, data, and video at the same time. So, it is the most versatile USB connector s at present. It also doesn’t have polarity, so you won’t have to bother about male or female ends to connect the devices with a USB-C cable.
• Micro-USB: Likewise, USB-C connectors, Micro USBs are also the latest release. You can find it in smartphones, digital cameras, external hard disks, etc.
RCA Connectors:
RCA connectors are amongst the oldest PCB connectors and have been in the industry for nearly a century now. Until modern-day PCB connectors took over in the 21st millennium, almost every device used RCA connectors.
It transmits S/PDIF and stereo audio. It also transmits composite videos. Since the invention of USB connectors, RCA connections have lost their place and are nearly extinct now.
Audio Connectors:
As the name suggests, audio connectors are designed to transmit and transfer audio from one device to another. It has a varied size, and the size will determine where and how the audio connectors will be used.
The invention of Bluetooth and wireless transmission of data have slowly taken over the audio connectors, and they are also on the verge of extinction. There are three different types of audio connectors-
• The 6.5mm connectors are the mainstream connectors and are used in amplifiers and guitars mostly.
• The 3.5mm connectors are actually the headphones. You will see it on smartphones, PCs, laptops, and MP3 players. It is also the most common audio connector type.
• The 2.5mm audio connectors are versatile since it has both headphone and microphone. So, you can use both of these benefits at the same time.
Barrel Connectors:
Barrel connectors for PCB are old but highly versatile. You can find the connector in AC/DC converter adapter. It is adaptable easily in different demanding needs and accommodates various power ratings as well.
Its sleeve works as the covering. The sleeve could be made of either plastic or rubber with 3.55mm or 5.55mm size variations. Its actual connector is the metal part with a 2.1mm pin.
Molex Connectors:
Molex connectors are also among the oldest PCB connection types. You can see it on the computers of the previous generation. The connection has a pin model, and it is used to generate power to various drives of the computer and devices.
The main benefit of this connector is that a high amount of current can pass through it without any damage. So, it is durable and dependable for abusive services.
JST Connectors:
JST connectors are designed and marketed by the company with the same name. If you are looking for permanent applications of the connection, JST connectors with their reliability and compact design will be your best option.
Once you attach the connector within the PCB, it will be extremely difficult to detach it.
IES Connectors:
It is a kind of transmission system that deals with AC power. You can find the IEC connectors in the older TV and computer versions but not in the latest models. It lacks any AC/DC converter, which has resulted in its diminishing in recent days.
Final Words
We have tried to include only the most commonly used and known PCB connector types in the list. However, there’re so many types of PCB connectors that it is nearly impossible, to sum up all of them within one article.
Some common connector types for PCB also include pin header connector, testing connector, screw terminals, alligator clips, IC clips, banana, and SMA connectors. FX PCB excels in developing PCBs to work with different connectors for various devices with reliability and affordability to make your business boom.
Peter Gong
Peter Gong
I am Peter Gong. I have been working in PCB and PCBA industry for 15+ years now. I have been a part of the PCB revolution with my dedication to circuit board technologies and creative ideas. I write in FX PCB to impart my knowledge on PCB and PCBA for all circuit board lovers, manufacturers, and users. |
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The Fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate – I part
Japan during the nineteenth century was portrayed as being primitive. It was obviously feudalistic yet there were likewise some more crude tribalistic components to Japanese society.
In the four-layered social chain of importance of Japan, the tactical class was at the top, the normal laborer ranchers were next underneath them, and the craftsmen and experts were beneath the worker and the business class was at the base. This likely mirrored a more straightforward social construction where there were just the laborers and the tip-top fighters who shielded them. Individuals who lived by exchanging instead of actual work in the fields were an irregularity in such a general public and socially suspect. Indeed, even the craftsmen didn’t exactly squeeze into the straightforward laborer society.
The tactical class, the samurai, had a minimal real source for their militarism since the unification and placation of Japan under the Tokugawa faction. The samurai lived on an allowance paid for through a duty on the ranchers. This duty was a significant weight on the ranchers, taking a near portion of their creation.
Some samurai lived beyond their means; in other words, their allowance; and ventured into the red to the socially detested vendors.
The weight of obligation on the samurai made the vendor class much more despised. It was anything but a solid society, that Japan of the mid-nineteenth century. Japanese saddle blankets are an easy and effective method for relieving weight and pressure from your horse’s back.
Contact with the rest of the world had been cut off during the sixteenth century. The narrative of that segregation is told somewhere else. That confinement cost Japan incredibly. Its innovation was static and in reverse. Socially it might have been steady, however at that point again it might just have been unbending and truth be told weak. A kaftan is a variant of the robe or tunic, and has been worn in a number of cultures around the world for thousands of years and is of Asiatic origin.
Japan in 1800
The Japan of 1800 was a medieval state. The tactical station of the samurai ruled the governmental issues of Japan. The multitude of the state was a pecking order of samurai with rank controlled by heredity. The top of this design was the Shogun. Since 1603 the Shogun had been the top of the Tokugawa family. Albeit ostensibly just a tactical representative of the Emperor, indeed the Shogun was the almighty leader of all Japan. The legislative leader of the Emperor’s capital, Kyoto, was designated by the Shogun. For this essential locale, the Shogun generally picked a nearby, faithful individual from his family. This made the Emperor himself essentially a detainee under house capture of the Shogun. The managerial capital of the Shogunate was Edo, later to be called Tokyo (eastern capital).
The pay of the samurai came from an allowance paid by the Shogunate from a rice expense of around 50% demanded on the ranchers. A portion of the amazing samurai, including the Shogun, held broad domains from which they additionally got pay.
During the nineteenth century, the shipping lanes from North America to Asia brought the boats into the area of Japan however the boats couldn’t land there because the Shogun announced that all outsiders, other than the authorized Dutch brokers, would be killed. Indeed, even boat-destroyed mariners who appeared on Japanese shores were killed.
The Samurai chest seal is a high-performance occlusive dressing designed to treat penetrating chest wounds along with securing other wound dressings.
Throughout the long term, the disallowance of the Shogun against unfamiliar boats arriving in Japan turned out to be increasingly excruciating. Commodore Perry was given the errand of curing the circumstance.
At the point when Commodore Matthew Perry in 1853 constrained the Shogun to allow Japanese dealers to exchange with visiting unfamiliar boats, he didn’t expect to disturb the Japanese social framework, yet that is actually what occurred. The Shogun lost face in not having the option to forestall unfamiliar appearances. Strongly traditionalist and nationalistic Japanese, especially in the areas of Satsuma and Choshu, felt the Shogun ought to be rebuffed and supplanted. They were especially enraged that the Shogun had gone into a concurrence with the outsiders without first getting the Emperor’s consent. This made the weakness of the Emperor self-evident. For this social blunder, the Shogun must be supplanted. This substitution was framed as far as the reclamation of the Emperor to be the head of state.
It was not clear how the Shogun could be cut down. A portion of the nationalistic Japanese, called Shi-Shi (men of high reason), completed deaths of outsiders and those Japanese who worked with the outsiders. These demonstrations of fear anyway would have little impact on themselves. As a result, there were, as demonstrations of fear-based oppressors typically are, just horrible exposure stunts.
In the second part of the article, we will continue with more detailed presentations. |
linux development
Few More Apps Are Standing Out in Android Application Platform!
android development
Python is an open-supply programming language that’s great for creating web and cell apps. Applications like Instagram and Dropbox are constructed utilizing Python. Since Python has a code that is very easy and easy to know, this uncomplicates the net and software program development, making the process extra efficient. Another charming function of Python is its compatibility to integrate with different languages, making it a more versatile possibility. Python is regarded match for creating system administration apps for it permits developers to easily talk with the working system through the ‘os’ module.
Easy to understand, work together and simple to implement, Python programming language is an elegant language that permits you to code the identical program with a lot fewer strains than PHP. Since these languages are less popular in the development of web purposes, the CWEs that plague the other languages are much less frequent here.
It permits developers … |
Australia to provide rover for future NASA lunar lander mission
HUNTSVILLE, Ala. — NASA and its Australian counterpart have agreed to cooperate on a future robotic lander mission where Australia will provide a small rover as part of a test of resource utilization technologies.
NASA and the Australian Space Agency announced Oct. 12 that Australia will provide a rover that will be included on a commercial lunar lander mission no earlier than 2026 as part of the country’s role in the NASA-led Artemis lunar exploration effort.
The rover, weighing no more than 20 kilograms, will scoop up lunar regolith and return it to the lander, depositing it into a NASA in situ resource utilization (ISRU) experiment on the lander. That ISRU payload will then attempt to extract oxygen from iron and silicon oxide compounds in the regolith.
The rover is part of an Australian program called Trailblazer, the flagship element of the government’s “Moon to Mars Initiative” announced in 2019. The Australian government is committing $150 million Australian ($110 million) to that initiative over five years, leveraging technologies that Australia has expertise with, such as mining and robotic operations, for lunar exploration.
“Australia is at the cutting edge of robotics technology and systems for remote operations, which are going to be central to setting up a sustainable presence on the moon and eventually supporting human exploration of Mars,” Enrico Palermo, head of the Australian Space Agency, said in a statement.
Neither the Australian Space Agency nor NASA disclosed many details about the rover or the mission it will fly on. The Australian Space Agency said that an “industry-led consortium of Australian businesses and research organizations” will develop what it calls the “foundation services rover,” so named because it can provide services that can be the foundation of future permanent human outposts. The agency said that will provide additional details about the mission later this year and solicit proposals in early 2022.
Australia’s lunar exploration initiative stems from a September 2019 agreement with NASA, where the country announced its intent to participate in Artemis and made that $150 million contribution. Australia was also among the first countries to sign the Artemis Accords in October 2020.
Australian officials see the space industry generally, and the lunar exploration initiative specifically, as an opportunity to grow the country’s economy and role on the global stage.
“This is an incredible opportunity for Australia to succeed in the global space sector and is central to our government’s vision to secure more jobs and a larger share of the growing space economy,” Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison said in a statement, citing the government’s goal of tripling the Australian space economy to $12 billion by 2030 and creating up to 20,000 jobs.
“This agreement will serve to strengthen the longtime relationship between the United States and Australia in areas related to space exploration, a relationship that goes back more than half a century to the days of the Apollo program,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson in an agency statement.
While NASA welcomed the Australian rover contribution, it also suggested the rover would not be on the critical path for the ISRU payload flying on that future lander mission. NASA noted in its statement that the ISRU experiment will have its own means of collecting regolith. The Australian rover, the agency stated, “offers a second means of collection and increases the overall chances of a successful demonstration.” |
How much water can a baby drown?
Young children are especially at risk. They can drown in less than 2 inches (6 centimeters) of water. That means drowning can happen in a sink, toilet bowl, fountains, buckets, inflatable pools, or small bodies of standing water around your home, such as ditches filled with rainwater.
Can a baby drown in a teaspoon of water?
Lewis Maharam says it’s a condition known as “dry drowning.” It takes just a few teaspoons of water to go down the wrong way and into the lungs. … He says the lungs are irritated and start to secrete fluid — and children can actually drown in their body’s own fluid.
Can infant drown from inhaling water?
It occurs when a child inhales a small amount of water, either through the nose or mouth, leading to a spasm in the airways that causes them to close up. While this sounds incredibly uncomfortable, keep in mind that a child does not have to be visibly struggling for dry drowning to occur.
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At what age can you dunk a baby under water?
How do I know if my child is dry drowning?
Symptoms of dry drowning
The laryngospasm could be mild, causing breathing to become difficult, or it can be severe, preventing any oxygen from getting in or out of the lungs. Symptoms to watch for after a water incident include: difficulty breathing or speaking. irritability or unusual behavior.
Do you bleed when you drown?
Profuse bleeding was reported in more than 40% of all drowning patient records. Accordingly, all prospectively investigated drowning patients presented with pronounced bleeding from various sites, accompanied by a 100% fibrinolysis in ROTEM analysis (Fig.
Can a teaspoon of water drown you?
You gasp because it’s cold, it shocks the body and it only takes a teaspoon of water to drown,” said Barton. That’s it, just one teaspoon of water. The lungs cannot handle more than that.
What is dry drowning in infants?
What is the difference between dry and secondary drowning? Dry drowning occurs when a child inhales water through the nose or mouth, causing a spasm in the airway and difficulty breathing. The drowning is called “dry” because water does not enter the lungs because of spasm (reflex closing) of the vocal cords.
How common is secondary drowning in babies?
While drowning is the second leading cause of accidental death among children, and fifth leading cause for all ages, dry drowning and secondary drowning are both extremely rare. Typically these post-immersion respiratory syndromes only occur after a near drowning incident.
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How long can a baby survive underwater?
Is blowing in a baby’s face bad?
Blowing gently on your baby’s face, especially around the forehead will cause your baby to blink and look at you in surprise. This can aid in calming her. Always remember never shake a crying baby because this can cause irreparable damage and even death.
Can 3 month old go in pool?
Babies can go into water from birth. However, they can’t regulate their temperature like adults, so it’s very important to make sure they don’t get too cold. … Therefore, it’s generally best to wait until your baby is around 2 months old before you take them swimming.
Are baby swimming lessons worth it?
The AAP now says children aged one to four can benefit from learning to handle themselves in the water, but it still does not recommend any formal water-safety program for babies under the age of one.
How can I remove water from my lungs at home?
Ways to clear the lungs
2. Controlled coughing. …
3. Drain mucus from the lungs. …
4. Exercise. …
5. Green tea. …
6. Anti-inflammatory foods. …
7. Chest percussion.
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18 февр. 2019 г.
What do you do when a baby chokes on water?
What happens if a child swallows too much pool water?
Although swallowing a small amount of pool water is harmless, it’s important for parents to realize that ingesting too much can lead to chlorine poisoning or so-called recreational water illness, according to Dr. Sampson Davis, an emergency room physician at Meadowlands Hospital Medical Center in New Jersey. |
How the odometer works in GpsGate
Odometer setup
An odometer is something that measures the total distance a vehicle has traveled. There are two types of odometers in GpsGate. Device odometer and server/virtual odometer.
Device Odometer
Many but not all GPS trackers have a built-in odometer. The main advantage of having an odometer is accuracy.
If your device supports odometer reading, you can activate it in the Device Mapper.
Server odometer
The server/virtual odometer is a GpsGate accumulator (in the image GPS distance).
It will accumulate the distance traveled for a vehicle over time.
Enable the odometer to the vehicle
By default, the Odometer is not enabled when you create a user. To activate it, follow these steps:
1. Edit the user properties.
2. Under Accumulators, right-click on the vehicle and select Edit User. You can set a new odometer value at any time.
Reports and tracks
All reports and tracks will use the enabled odometer. If no odometer is enabled, GPS distance will be used.
Adjusting the odometer value
To edit the odometer, you need to edit the user and introduce a new value and the choice of a date:
When you do a change/modification to an Odometer for a specific date, then the odometer will create a correction for that date and adjust the current value.
Example 1
An example:
Time Odometer Value
T1 0
T2 15
T3 20
Making a correction at T2 and set the value to 10 will correct T3 and the value will be changed to 15 (T3 = Set value on T2 (10) + diff (5) = 15):
Time Previous Odometer Value Correction New Odometer Value
T1 0 0
T2 15 -5 10
T3 20 -5 15
Example 2
Let's try with an example where the value of T3 was 15:
1. We do a correction of T3 and set it to 10
Time Previous Odometer Value Correction New Odometer Value
T1 0 0
T2 5 5
T3 15 -5 (new correction) 10
T4 20 -5 (from T3 correction) 15
2. We later set the value of T2 > 10, so the status of the odometer at T4 will be as follows:
Time Previous Odometer Value Correction New Odometer Value
T1 0 0 0
T2 5 +5 10
T3 15 -5 10 The value doesn't change since we have set the value at T3 to be 10
T4 20 -5 (from T3 correction) 15 Change at T2 doesn't affect this, since at T3 we said it was 10
This means that if you do a correction anytime between T2 and T3, it will be reflected from that time until T3 (not until T4), where we have a set value. That way, the system can get historical values for accumulators at any given time in the past.
Effect upon changing the odometer in the device mapper
If you change the odometer, you need to reprocess reports and tracks for the change to effect on historical data. New data will always use the currently selected odometer.
Read how to reprocess tracks here. |
What are the 3 main mountains in China?
What are China’s three mountains?
Top Popular Mountains in China
• Mount Everest.
• Yellow Mountain.
• Wuyi Mountain.
• Mount Wutai.
• Mount Jiuhua.
• Mount Kailash.
• Wudang Mountain.
• Putuoshan Mountain.
What are the top 3 mountains?
The Top Ten: The World’s Highest Mountains
Rank Mountain Feet
1. Everest 29,035
2. K2 (Mount Godwin Austen) 28,250
3. Kangchenjunga 28,169
4. Lhotse 27,940
What are the 3 tallest mountains in China How tall are they?
The Highest Mountains In China
Rank Tallest Mountains in China Elevation
1 Everest 29,029 feet (shared with Nepal)
2 K2 (Chhogori or Godwin-Austen) 28,251 feet (shared with Pakistan)
3 Lhotse 27,940 feet (shared with Nepal)
4 Makalu 27,825 feet (shared with Nepal)
What were the main mountains in China called?
Mountain Elevation Notes
Mount Emei Sichuan 3,099 metres (10,167 ft)
Mount Erlang Sichuan
Mount Everest Tibet 8,848 metres (29,029 ft)
Gasherbrum I Xinjiang 8,080 metres (26,509 ft)
What is the most beautiful mountain in China?
Huangshan is the most beautiful mountain in China. It is located 240km to the west of Hangzhou and 40 minute flight from Shanghai. Huangshan Mountain is well known for its sunrise and sunset, granite peaks, the gnarled forms of ubiquitous Huangshan pine trees, and the other-worldly sea of the clouds.
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Which country has no mountain?
No mountains
Is Kilimanjaro taller than Everest?
When Everest is the tallest peak of the world, Kilimanjaro is the highest freestanding mountain in the world.
Mount Everest Base Camp Mount Kilimanjaro Peak
Altitude – 5,550m Altitude- 5,895m
Duration – 2 weeks Duration: 5 to 9 days
Is Everest really the tallest mountain?
Mount Everest’s peak is the highest altitude above mean sea level at 29,029 feet [8,848 meters]. … Mauna Kea is the tallest mountain from base to peak at more than 33,500 feet [10,210 meters].
What is the tallest mountain underwater?
With its overall height putting Mount Everest to shame, Mauna Kea stretches impressively from the ocean floor to the snowy peaks where it gets its name. That title goes to Mauna Kea volcano on Hawaii. Much of its base is on the ocean floor, nearly 6,000m below the surface. |
Latest posts by the anesthesia consultant (see all)
8-year-old Matadi Sela Petit, who journeyed from the Democratic Republic of Congo to Los Angeles for surgery, died at Cedars-Sinai Hospital on December 16, 2018, from what has been described as “a rare genetic reaction to the anesthesia.” Matadi was born with a cleft lip and a tumor on the left side of his face/cheek that grew into the size depicted in this photograph:
Matadi Sela Petit
The Dikembe Mutombo Foundation, created by retired National Basketball Association star Dikembe Mutombo, sponsored the boy to come from Congo to the United States for the surgery. Matidi’s cleft lip was treated earlier with help from the foundation.
According to The Washington Post, “The Dikembe Mutombo Foundation . . . headed by the former NBA star said that during the delicate surgery on Dec. 16, the boy suffered a rare and unexpected genetic reaction to anesthesia.”
This was a tragic outcome, and my sympathies go out to the patient’s family, to the Foundation, and also to the physicians who treated the boy. Cedars-Sinai is an outstanding medical center—one of the finest in the United States—and has a reputation of having an outstanding medical staff.
What “genetic reaction” could have occurred during the anesthetic? No details have been released in the press, and readers are left to puzzle over what went wrong. As a practicing pediatric anesthesiologist, I’m interested in what happened. I have no access to medical records, nor any inside information on the case, but based on my education and experience my impressions follow below.
Regarding “a rare and unexpected genetic reaction to anesthesia,” the phrase used in the press release to describe the event, I see these possibilities:
1. Malignant Hyperthermia. Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a disease in which a severe reaction occurs during general anesthesia, only among patients who are genetically susceptible. Symptoms include hypermetabolism, muscle rigidity, high fever, acidosis, sudden high blood potassium levels, and a risk of cardiac arrest. MH can only occur in patients who have the genetic predisposition to the disease, and who are then exposed to a potent anesthetic gas (e.g. sevoflurane, desflurane, or isoflurane), or the intravenous muscle relaxant succinylcholine. The treatment for MH involves emergency intravenous injection of the antidote dantrolene, immediate cooling of the patient, and immediate treatment for acidosis and elevated potassium concentration. The treatment for MH is usually effective if the diagnosis is made promptly. The quoted mortality rate for MH is now less than 5%. A potent anesthetic gas such as sevoflurane is commonly used in most pediatric anesthetics, and could have been used in Matidi’s case. Succinylcholine carries a Black Box Warning from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regarding its use in pediatric patients, and it was unlikely to be used in this Matidi’s anesthetic. Even if Matidi had a previous surgery for his cleft palate, it is not unheard of for a patient to fail to develop MH on their first exposure to potent inhaled anesthetics, and yet develop MH on a later exposure.
2. An occult muscular dystrophy. A patient who has an undiagnosed genetic muscular dystrophy can develop a sudden cardiac arrest after the administration of the muscle relaxant succinylcholine. Administration of succinylcholine to a patient with an occult muscular dystrophy can cause sudden cardiac arrhythmias, and for this reason succinylcholine carries a Black Box Warning from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, restricting its use in pediatric patients to emergencies. Because of the Black Box Warning against using succinylcholine in pediatric anesthesia, it is unlikely succinylcholine was used in this patient’s anesthetic.
3. The mass effect of the tumor in this patient’s face. If one can assume Matidi was born with this tumor, then the existence of this congenital mass lesion next to his airway and breathing passages is a genetic issue. From the photograph of Matidi, the tumor dominated his face. The tumor pushed his mouth to the right, and likely encroached on breathing anatomy. Once general anesthesia is induced, large tumors like this can compress the airway further. Every general anesthetic requires safe management of A-B-C, or Airway-Breathing-Cardiac, in that order. A child such as Matidi with markedly abnormal facial anatomy brings the risk of the loss of control of the airway at any point during the anesthesia or surgery. Loss of airway means there is no clear path for oxygen to traverse from the anesthesia machine through the head and neck to the lungs. Lack of oxygen to the lungs can lead to lack of oxygen to the brain and heart. Five minutes of oxygen depletion to the brain can cause anoxic brain damage. Oxygen depletion to the heart can cause cardiac arrest. Airway problems related to congenital diseases are discussed in the article Specific Genetic Diseases at Risk for Sedation/Anesthesia Complications, in the journal Anesthesia & Analgesia.
After scouring the world’s anesthesia literature and textbooks, I can find no other plausible “genetic reaction to anesthesia” to explain this patient’s death.
This patient’s care will be discussed in peer review and quality assurance committees at the hospital where the event occurred. There is always an autopsy on any unexpected death in an operating room, and more information may come from that. But whenever there is an adverse patient outcome, for medical-legal reasons, do not expect the healthcare professionals to reveal the specifics of what happened to the outside world.
The most popular posts for laypeople on The Anesthesia Consultant include:
How Long Will It Take To Wake Up From General Anesthesia?
Why Did Take Me So Long To Wake From General Anesthesia?
Will I Have a Breathing Tube During Anesthesia?
What Are the Common Anesthesia Medications?
How Safe is Anesthesia in the 21st Century?
Will I Be Nauseated After General Anesthesia?
What Are the Anesthesia Risks For Children?
10 Trends for the Future of Anesthesia
Should You Cancel Anesthesia for a Potassium Level of 3.6?
Advice For Passing the Anesthesia Oral Board Exams
What Personal Characteristics are Necessary to Become a Successful Anesthesiologist?
1. Wouldn’t be nice if causes of deaths like these weren’t hidden. Yes some doctors may be found to have been responsible for the deaths, others would benefit from knowing what happened and it might not happen to someone else. I wonder how you feel about this lack of information and protection of doctors over patients and patients rights. Do you have any suggestions how patients can help stop this secrecy practice. As a doctor I assume you would like to know what happened so if you every were faced with a similar situation you might be able to save the patient.
1. Cathy,
Every medical center has a Quality Assurance Committee in which physicians review all complications, adverse outcomes, complaints, and deaths. The QA Committee examines the medical records, interviews the doctors, and comes to conclusions regarding what went wrong and how to improve on that process in future cases. QA information is confidential, and not available to malpractice attorneys. Because of the malpractice lawsuit threat, physicians will not reveal detailed information to the public or to the press. If there is a malpractice trial, and the case is eventually closed, then the details of what went wrong may be revealed to the public and the press. Until that time, all lips will be sealed.
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The Japanese art of ‘kirie’ by Masayo Fukuda
Today we look at the intricate work of Japanese artist Masayo Fukuda, who makes extremely detailed and delicate pictures by cutting out sections from a single piece of paper:
The art of Kirie, literally meaning “cut-picture" is thought to have originated in Japanese religious ceremonies around 700 AD.
Masayo started paper cutting when she was in high school. She had always liked drawing and making birthday cards that were a bit different for friends and family.
She draws a detailed image, usually on white paper, and then uses an extremely sharp scalpel type of instrument to cut out tiny sections as a 'negative' space. Of course the works are two-dimensional and have no depth. So Masayo tries to express depth using both thick and very fine lines, and that contrast of the lines gives a three dimensional quality to the resulting panels which form the image.
The total picture is revealed against a black background, which makes both the detail and the depth stand out.
Masayo has long been fascinated with sea creatures, since growing up near Kujukuri Beach in Chiba Prefecture, which is a famous surfing spot. She was fascinated with collecting seashells as a young child, and was keen to learn more about the creepy and mysterious creatures of the deep, such as jellyfish, octopus and deep sea fish.
As an adult she was shocked to see the bleached corals off the island of Okinawa (south of Japan). She now features a lot of marine creatures in her work as a way to draw attention to the beauty of the ocean and the terrible effects of man-made substances such as plastics, which are ruining these pristine habitats.
It requires intense concentration and a steady hand, as you can imagine! I’m not sure that I would have the patience or a sufficiently steady hand to undertake this work!
If you would like to watch this 3 minute video you will see other examples of Masayo’s work, and gain an appreciation of just how tiny some of the detail really is…… |
Home . USA Cats . LaPerm Cat
LaPerm Cat
The LaPerm is a breed of rex cats, with the most remarkable feature being its soft and bouncy curls caused by a dominant gene. It has a medium-sized muscular body with a long neck and legs. The head is wedge-shaped with a somewhat rounded outline, while the muzzle is slightly broad. The almond-shaped eyes, broad noses, and flared ears are some of its other physical traits. The LaPerms with shorter fur have a bottle-brush type tail, and those with a longer fur have a plumed tail with ruff.
Quick Information
Physical Appearance & Size
Weight:Males: 7-10 lbs (3.2-4.5 kg) Females: 5-8 lbs (2.3-3.6 kg)
Height:6-7 inches
Size of Litter:3-6 kittens
Colors & Patterns
Coat:Loose, springy, wavy, light, airy without thick undercoat; Longhaired: fullness and length vary seasonally, sometimes parts down naturally; Shorthaired: does not have earmuffs or ringlets, texture is harder
Color:All colors or patterns are possible; torties, tabbies, and reds are common; chocolate, colorpoints, lilac, darker points, shaded, and ticked tabbies are also bred
Other Characteristics
Other Names:Dalles LaPerm
Group of Breed:Domestic
Lifespan (Life Expectancy):10-15 years
Size of Litter:3-6 kittens
Personality Traits:Lovable, active, intelligent, sociable
Lap Cat:Yes
Good with Children:Yes
Vocalization (Noise):Low
Country of Origin:The USA
Competitive Registration/Qualification Information:GCCF, TICA, CFA, WNCA, SACC
History and Origin
Because of a natural mutation in a tabby barn cat called Speedy, a bald female kitten with tabby patterns on the skin and big, widely spaced ears was born on a farm in the city of Dalles, Oregon, in the year 1982. Soon, its coat started to develop with soft, curly hairs.
As a result, the farm owners Richard and Linda Koehl named it Curly. Eventually, Curly mated with different male cats in the neighborhood, including a Manx and a Siamese, producing the first litter of LaPerm kittens that inherited the dominant trait of curly coat from their mother.
According to the geneticists, these cats were different from the other curly-coated cat breeds like the Cornish, Devon, and the Selkirk Rex. These cats were eventually recognized by different cat registries including Cat Fanciers Association and The International Cat Association.
Temperament and Behavior
The humorous and adorable LaPerm cat with its clownish and mischievous behavior keeps its family members amused all day. It often demonstrates its cleverness and playfulness by opening doors, swiping things, or tapping at the back of its owner with its paws. Though it likes to follow its master around and sit in the lap or on the shoulder, it does not have the tendency to cling at all times.
As an inquisitive cat, it loves to get into things. However, it is a friendly and pleasant pet to live with. It is not always vocal, but will interact when wanting attention from its people. Known for its patience and gentle behavior, it gets along well with older children and household dogs that are friendly to cats. With early socialization, it can learn to accept the presence of guests.
To keep your LaPerm’s coat in the best condition use a comb with rotating teeth to brush its soft curls twice or thrice a week. A little water can be used to dampen its curls, which helps in setting them properly.
If it develops small mats, gently brush out with a greyhound comb. A periodic bath can be given by pressing a towel against its coat. Allow it to dry in a draft-free place. Do not use a blow dryer since it might make its coat frizzy.
Weekly brushing its teeth will keep away periodontal diseases. Trimming its nails every week is also recommended. If your cat’s ears are dirty, you can wipe them by using a soft cloth dampened with a mixture of warm water and cider vinegar.
The LaPerms are a healthy breed of cats with no known health concerns. Nonetheless, you should always check the written health guarantee while buying a kitten from the breeder.
Being moderately active, it likes to keep itself busy playing with cat toys like catnip toys, interactive teasers, lasers, mouse, and scratching posts. It enjoys climbing high up on a cat tree so that it can observe everything closely.
Teach your cat to follow different sets of commands such as to shake its paw, to roll over, to sit, etc. Do not teach too many new tricks at a time since it will only confuse your pet. Instead, you should be more patient and consistent in your approach. Introduce your LaPerm kitten to other pets, including cats and dogs, but under controlled circumstances.
A balanced diet with the right amount of protein, vitamins, and carbohydrates is recommended for the LaPerm cat. If you are giving your pet commercial cat food, check whether it meets the AAFCO (American Association of Feed Control Officials) standards. Since it is prone to obesity, its daily calorie intake should not exceed 70 Kcals/kg of body weight.
Interesting Facts
• The first LaPerm cat to gain the Champion recognition from the TICA was Dennigan’s French Maid of Shoalwater.
• Champion Uluru BC Omaste Po of Quincunx was the first LaPerm that was imported to the UK.
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My watch list
For other uses, see Squid (disambiguation).
Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID) are very sensitive magnetometers used to measure extremely small magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions. They have noise levels as low as 3 fT·Hz−½. For comparison, a typical refrigerator magnet produces 0.01 tesla (10−2 T), and some processes in animals produce very small magnetic fields between 10−9 T to 10−6 T. Recently invented SERF atomic magnetometers are more sensitive but are physically huge and power intensive to operate compared to SQUIDs. For decades SQUID sensors were the only way to measure very small magnetic fields.
History and design
There are two main types of SQUID: DC and RF. RF SQUIDs can work with only one Josephson junction, which might make them cheaper to produce, but are less sensitive.
Uses for SQUIDs
Probably the most common use of SQUIDs is in magnetic property measurement systems. These are turn-key systems, made by several manufacturers, that measure the magnetic properties of a material sample. This is typically done over a temperature range from that of liquid helium (~4K), to a couple of hundred degrees above room temperature.
For example, UC Berkeley Physics Professor John Clarke has been using SQUIDs as a detector to perform Magnetic Resonance Imaging. While high field MRI uses precession fields of one to several tesla, SQUID-detected MRI uses measurement fields that lie in the microtesla regime. Since the NMR signal drops off as the square of the magnetic field, a SQUID is used as the detector because of its extreme sensitivity. The SQUID coupled to a second-order gradiometer and input circuit, along with the application of gradients are the fundamental entities which allows his research group to retrieve noninvasive images. SQUID-detected MRI has many advantages such as the low cost required to build such a system, its compactness, the ability to image human extremities, and its application for tumor screening.
Another application is the scanning SQUID microscope, which uses a SQUID immersed in liquid helium as the probe. The use of SQUIDs in oil prospecting, mineral exploration, earthquake prediction and geothermal energy surveying is becoming more widespread as superconductor technology develops; they are also used as precision movement sensors in a variety of scientific applications, such as the detection of gravity waves. Four SQUIDs were employed on Gravity Probe B in order to test the limits of the theory of general relativity.
SQUIDs in fiction
• The science fiction writer William Gibson made reference to SQUIDs in his 1981 story Johnny Mnemonic, where a genetically engineered ex-military dolphin uses a SQUID implant to read a memory device in the title character's brain.
• In the film Strange Days, SQUIDs are used to record and play back human memories, some of which are exchanged on the black market.
• In Michael Crichton's 1999 novel Timeline, SQUIDs are mentioned as a part of the Quantum Teleportation device developed by ITC.
• Jon Courtenay Grimwood's novel redRobe makes reference to SQUID probes being used to read memories and thoughts as part of a particularly invasive interrogation.
See also
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "SQUID". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia. |
what is a packet sniffer
Photo via nick RHYDER/Flickr (CC-BY) Remix by Jason Reed
How to protect yourself against packet sniffers
Is someone trying to steal your internet data?
Ben Dickson
Layer 8
When you compose an email and press send, type in the URL of a website in your browser, or post a new update in your social media app, your information is broken down into packets of data and sent to its destination, whether it’s a computer in the next room or a server sitting in a data center thousands of miles away.
However, you and the receiving end are not the only parties that will have access to the data. While your information travels through the veins of your local network and the internet, it can be picked up by packet sniffers.
What is a packet sniffer?
Packet sniffers, also known as packet or protocol analyzers, are tools that can intercept and log the traffic running on the networks they’re connected to. They can be bought as specialized hardware or as software that is installed on computers and uses the host device’s network interface to monitor network traffic. Wireshark is a popular open-source packet-sniffing program.
How does a packet sniffer work?
On wired networks, depending on the type and configuration of switches used, packet sniffers will have access to all or a segment of the information that is being exchanged. On wireless networks, packet sniffers can only scan one channel at a time, unless the device running the software has multiple wireless network interfaces.
Packet sniffers can reveal a lot of information, such as which services and websites you’re visiting, and possibly what information you’re sending and receiving.
Who uses packet sniffers?
Packet sniffers were originally intended for administrative uses. Network administrators use packet sniffers to monitor corporate networks and perform diagnostic tests or troubleshoot problems.
However, malicious hackers use the same tools to eavesdrop on their victims to steal sensitive information, especially if it’s being sent in unencrypted format. They can also combine packet sniffers with other tools to manipulate packets in the network traffic and serve malicious content to the target. Another evil use of the tools can be replay attacks, in which attacker repeat an action performed by a user, such as approving a financial transaction or a sensitive operation. Public Wi-Fi networks are an especially attractive target for packet-sniffing hackers, where they can easily net unwary users.
packet sniffer
Photo via EFF Photos
How to protect yourself against packet sniffers?
While there’s little you can do to prevent a well-placed packet sniffer from picking up your network traffic, there are several measures that can render monitoring of your activity useless.
In general, encryption is your best defense against any form of eavesdropping, and packet sniffers are no exception. Limiting your browsing to encrypted websites (starting with https) will prevent packet sniffers from seeing the content or the specific page you’re visiting.
A more effective alternative is to use a virtual private network (VPN). VPNs encrypt your entire network traffic and conceal the websites, services, and apps you’re using. Sniffers will only be able to see a stream of encrypted data traveling between you and your VPN service provider.
If you want to go deeper and find potential packet sniffers on your network, you can use Antisniff, a tool that detects network devices that are set to “promiscuous mode,” a technical setting that is required for running packet-sniffing tools.
Like every other tool, packet sniffers have plenty of good and evil uses. It ultimately depends on whose hands they’re placed in.
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Eczema: Can Your Child Inherit This? | Elica Mometasone Furoate
Eczema: Can Your Child Inherit This Skin Condition?
Your child may have your eyes and the shape of your face, and your partner’s nose and skin color—or it could be the other way around. Fear of dentists, utter lack of athletic ability, and even a dislike for Mexican food are less obvious traits your child may inherit, too.
But those are not the only things you may pass down. There is a chance that your children may also inherit skin conditions such as atopic eczema.
The Genes-Eczema Connection
What does eczema have to do with genetics? Parents with atopic eczema must have a gene that causes the skin condition, right? According to science, it’s not so simple.
The immune system is set up and controlled by the genes. This means that more than one gene may cause eczema, and a child must have the right combination of genes to develop the condition. This is why it is difficult to predict whether the child will inherit it or not, and why the condition seems to appear out of nowhere sometimes.
But one thing is certain: children can surely inherit eczema from their parents.
The Good News: No Effect on Child’s Development
Fortunately, if you are an expectant or breastfeeding mother who is experiencing symptoms of eczema, you don’t have to worry about it interfering with the child’s development before birth, or the baby catching it from breast milk.
If they inherit it, it is not because you experienced a flare-up during pregnancy or while breastfeeding—it’s all genes and a few other factors like diet, lifestyle, and the environment.
Can you prevent transmitting eczema by birth?
Because eczema can be inherited, there is no way to prevent it. Once you have it though, there are ways to prevent flare-ups. Avoiding specific triggers and proper skin moisturization can reduce recurrence of itchy eczem rashes.
Triggers include hot climate, dry, cold weather, harsh cosmetics, infection and certain foods. Stress can play a role as well; for instance, when the children’s parents are separated, the kids experience an increased risk of eczema, according to a recent study.
Other triggers include:
• pollen
• mold
• dust
• animal dander
• harsh soaps
• clothes made of wool or coarsely woven materials
• certain skin care products, perfumes, and colognes
• tobacco smoke
• excessive heat
• sweating
Putting moisture back into your child’s skin is another way to keep their eczema under control. Choose a plain, unscented, and child-friendly moisturizer that does not have fragrance or preservatives, and apply onto your child’s skin often, especially after bathing and washing.
The Best Advice: Talk to the Experts
But of course, if you suspect eczema, it is always best to consult a pediatrician. A thorough medical history is the best diagnostic tool, with a family history of allergies, asthma, and hay fever as important clues. Apart from doing a physical examination and a family history check, the doctor will likely ask you about your child’s health background and symptoms, as well as allergies and any medicines the child is taking.
If your child develops eczema, remember that it’s not your fault. It’s not something you could have prevented 100%, even when doing everything right as a parent. What’s more important is that now you have a better understanding of what it is and how to prevent flare-ups; at least you know what to do.
If symptoms persists, consult your doctor.
ASC Reference No.: B098P021821ES, B055P042821ES, B119P042921ES, B091P043021ES, B071N101321ES, B072N101321ES, B073N101321ES |
Educating young people who are blind or vision impaired
Rules of Sport X
Sport X is played between two teams of eleven players. Four of these must have sufficient sight to follow a football, and are called Fielders, the remaining seven need have no sight, are termed Runners, and are numbered 1 to 7 and play in that order.
The ground consists of a field about 80 yards by 40 yards surrounded by a wide path of gravel or other hard surfacing, and crossed by two small paths about 25 yards from either end. By the centre of these small paths stands a basket, and at either end of the ground is a “home” or “‘base” and a basket for tapping to help give direction to the runners. The Runners collect at their respective “homes” and the Fielders pair off with their opponents in open field as in netball. The teams wear distinctive colours, e.g., Red and Blue.
The game is started by the umpire calling Red No. 1, and this player then comes forward to the centre of the small path and takes the football; on the whistle she throws it into the field in any direction and begins to run down the centre of the field to the opposite small path. She continues to run between the small paths as long as the Fielders can keep the ball in play, thus scoring runs. The Fielders on the Red side keep the ball in play by batting it with one hand or kicking it away from their opponents in any part of the field – the Blue Fielders endeavour to pick up the ball with two hands and place it in their basket, when the whistle stops play, and the Runner No. 1 returns to the “home” towards which she is facing. During this play remaining members of the Red team start to run round the outside track, scoring one each time they pass a “base.” They stop on the whistle, stepping off the track to wait on the outer edge for their next turn, when they continue on round from that point. As they have to be back at their base when their number is called, Nos. 2 and 3 usually remain at their base until after their throw.
The Fielders re-form at the opposite end and Blue No. 1 is called and the Blue Runners score round the track and the Red Fielders endeavour to pick the ball up and put it into the basket at their end. No. 2 Red is then called and so on alternately both on the field and on the track.
Should a Runner succeed in running 4 times between the small paths, the whistle stops play, and 6 is added to the Field score instead of 4.
Should the ball when thrown reach the side track beyond the half-way mark without being touched by a fielder, it is called a boundary throw and 3 is added to the Field score without being run, and all the Runners on the track at the time may continue on to the next ” home.” The Runner scoring on the field should be given the right of way between the small paths, the fielders being penalised for obstructing her, one point being taken from the score of the offending team.
Should the ball roll off the field on the side track at any point the whistle stops play. If it went off a Fielder of the scoring side, the whistle stops play. If it went off a Fielder of the scoring side, the score on the field for that turn is cancelled; if it went off the opposite side, the Runner is given the run she was completing as well as those she had scored.
The ball used is an Association Football size 5, though size 4 can be used. During play a tapping sound is kept up at either “home” to help the Runner keep a straight course. The game is usually played 15 minutes each half, the second half continuing in order where the game was stopped.
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Spinal Stenosis
Spinal stenosis refers to the narrowing of the spaces within a patient’s spine. This can lead to pinching of the nerves that travel through the spinal cord. Patients experience many of the symptoms associated with nerve damage in the spine. Spinal stenosis is of two types based on the location of the condition. If the stenosis occurs in the neck, it is known as cervical stenosis, and if it appears in the lower back, it is known as lumbar stenosis.
Spinal stenosis can occur due to a myriad of reasons. Most forms of stenosis occur due to a reduction in the open space within the spine, which houses the spinal cord. Conditions include:
• Bone overgrowth: Formation of bone spurs in the spine as a result of wear and tear. These bone spurs can grow into the spinal canal, leading to spinal stenosis. This can occur as a result of osteoarthritis and Paget’s disease.
• Disc herniation: Herniation of the shock-absorbing discs between the spinal vertebrae due to wear and tear due to age or other underlying issues.
• Due to the thickening of the spinal ligaments over time. This is also a result of wear and tear but could be caused due to other underlying issues.
• Tumors: Tumors in the spinal region can lead to added pressure and stress on the spine. This can lead to pinching in the spine, leading to stenosis.
• Spinal injuries- Injuries to the back can lead to spinal stenosis due to inflammation and swelling or due to fractures in the spinal vertebrae.
Though all of these causes act differently, the core result is the same – the area within the spinal vertebrae is reduced.
Depending on the type of stenosis, a patient may experience different symptoms. In cervical stenosis, the patient may feel pain, numbness, tingling, and weakening in the arm, foot, or leg. Besides the pain, patients may also experience reduce motor control as a result of weakened muscles. This can lead to problems with walking and balance. Since cervical stenosis occurs in the neck, patients often experience neck pain. With lumbar stenosis, the conditions are usually waist down. A patient may experience pain, numbness, tingling in all parts of the lower body. This can make walking, standing up, and sitting down extremely painful. As with cervical stenosis, since lumbar stenosis occurs in the lower back, patients usually experience pain in this region. Additionally, patients may have bladder and bowel dysfunction due to spinal nerve damage. If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms described above, please consult a doctor at the earliest.
The diagnosis of spinal stenosis is performed via physical examination, investigating a patient’s medical history and imaging scans. The doctor may look for signs of swelling or inflammation in the spine by gently pressing in the discomfort regions. Imaging scans such as X-rays and CT scans give more insight into the condition, helping narrow down the stenosis’s exact location and severity.
The use of anti-inflammatory medication and pain-killers can help improve the spine’s condition while also reducing the discomfort a patient experiences. Treatment may also include physical therapy involving stretching and muscle strengthening exercises. Patients may also be advised to wear a back brace to prevent unnecessary movement in the spine. If the patient’s condition is severe and the other forms of treatment do not work, surgery may be required. |
Your presentation-development partner … demonstrate and inspire!
Concept 031
Stairs with Barrier Step
Stairs with Barrier Step example of possible use
These stairs are an interesting way to demonstrate a step process that is inefficient, ineffective, disruptive, etc. The stairs are equally vertically spaced except for one step. This one step represents a barrier or major obstacle. This series contains nine sets of stairs: 2 stairs through 10 stairs, with all of the variations and including one with equally spaced steps.
Take a look at the series example. Too many activities reside in step 3. The next slide might be a 9-step equally spaced set of stairs that spread out the steps in the original step 3. This is a good option if step 3 can be broken into sequential steps. If the activities in step 3 need to be performed in parallel, then restate the activities as bullet points, stacked boxes containing activities, or other stacked arrangement that implies separate efforts taking place at the same time.
Tutorial for Tickets/Coupons
Keywords: stair step chart, barrier chart, obstacle chart, step progression chart with barrier
Categories: Concepts, Flows - Horizontal, Flows - Vertical
Links to instructions for getting the framework into your presentation
Click on a name for more information.
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Speech on Fashion
Speech on Fashion in English for Students
Fashion is the ability of a person to look good by applying a new style of wearing clothes or by styling the hair beautifully. It reflects the creativity of a person. It is all about looking good by following a few trends of clothing or styling. Most importantly, it is about being comfortable and confident in whatever clothes you wear.
Your sense of fashion helps to express yourself better so that you feel connected to more people. People who are more fashionable and are dressed properly for events have the advantage of creating a good impression.
India is a country where fashion is celebrated with grandeur, a country where fashion is a religion for a few, and a country where being fashionable is always trending. Fashion helps people to connect to the modern world and explore their creativity.
Here we have provided a long and short speech on fashion and along with that we have also given 10 line pointers about the speech on fashion for students.
Long Speech on Fashion for Students
Good morning to everyone present here. Today I would like to give a 3-minute speech on fashion, I hope it helps you all. According to the dictionary, fashion is a manner of doing something. Fashion is the application of a new style of clothing, hairstyle, or body gesture that is trending in society. Fashion is very important for everybody living in a society.
Fashion is not only about always being glamorous. Fashion trends and the clothing of a person sometimes also help in indicating the status of a person in society. If you want to make a first good impression on anyone then dress properly.
In India, fashion is an important part of everyone’s life. India is a democratic country and has 29 states and I can assure you that each state has its own fashion trend. Fashion is not only about a popular trend that is famous on social media, it is about representing the essence of the state. From Jammu Kashmir to Puducherry Indians follow different fashion trends and wear different clothes.
India has its own glamorous and entertainment industry. This industry is known for its talented fashion designers for their styles in clothing, makeup, and hairstyles. Youth in India mostly celebrate fashion trends like a holiday with joy and happiness. Fashion trends are not only followed by big Bollywood stars and celebrities but every youth in India. Many people who are fans of these stars follow the fashion trends they do in a movie or a commercial. Fashion is a big industry in India and has a massive following among the youth. The Indian fashion industry make around 108 billion dollars every year
As mentioned before India has people from different cultural backgrounds and because of that, there is a different fashion style among them. In the case of North India, many women and girls prefer to wear Sarees and salwar suits whereas in south India many women prefer to wear a Kanjeevaram saree, and in the case of men they were a shirt and a lungi on the occasion of a wedding. Fashion helps in describing the culture of an individual and his background for example when it comes to Indian Muslims they prefer to wear long kurtas when attending a prayer and the same goes with every person from a different religious background.
So you may be thinking what are the benefits of fashion? well, fashion tells a lot about a person. The way a person dresses tells a lot about him or her. Even for a person who does not follow a trending fashion trend, the way he or she dresses tells a lot about that person. By following a fashion trend, it helps in deciding what to wear at a specific time or occasion.
Another benefit of the following fashion is that it helps us to keep up with the modern world as we all want to look stylish and fashionable. A great way to create a first good impression is to follow a particular fashion trend. For example, if you are attending an interview it is very important to be dressed formally as it helps to provide a good first impression on the invigilator. Last but not least, fashion helps in making a person feel comfortable and relaxed. When you are confident everything will go well and you can create a positive impact.
To conclude this 3-minute speech on fashion, I do agree fashion is required in life if you want to make a good impression on someone but fashion should not be done only to impress someone. Being comfortable in your own skin is the best fashion trend a person could follow. Always be proud of how you look, especially all the students. Please don't force yourself to look like a celebrity if it harms your mental peace. Do not follow the fashion trends if you are not comfortable with it or if it’s hurting you emotionally. Be happy and confident about how you look and how you dress and if you do that I can assure you that many people will love you and follow you. thank you.
Short Speech About Fashion
Good morning to everyone present. Today I want to give a persuasive speech about fashion. Fashion is applying a new hairstyle or clothing which is trending in society. Fashion is required and is very important for people who are living in a society.
Fashion plays a crucial role in everyone’s life and the type of dresses we wear, the accessories we use or the ornaments we wear helps in expressing the kind of fashion we like or follow.
Fashion also helps in reading a person, what a person likes or dislikes and the background of that person could be determined by seeing the clothes he or she wears.
Fashion helps in creating a good first impression at an event. For example, let us imagine you are attending an important interview for a company, will you attend the meeting by dressing up informally or formally. Surely formal right? as you want to create a good impression. I am sure that if you are dressed up informally the interviewer will not even give you a chance to speak. That is the importance of fashion as it gives you an advantage at an event or an occasion.
Fashion has a great significance in India. India is a country where the fashion industry makes up to 108 billion dollars a year. Indian population is significantly under the influence of traditional fashion as well as western fashion.
Fashion is celebrated like a holiday in India. and the youth are massively influenced by celebrities and actors to follow a fashion trend.
Due to its diverse traditions and customs people in India follow different fashion styles for various occasions. Salwar suits or sarees are preferred by women for celebration. For men, it is generally dhoti and kurta as a traditional outfit.
To conclude, I want to say that it is up to the individual to follow a fashion trend. The most important thing is to be comfortable in your own skin. The main thing about fashion is to be comfortable and if you are comfortable and positive about the clothes you wear, trust me you are creating a positive impact on everyone. So enjoy the fashion you like and always be happy. Thank you
10 Lines Speech on Fashion Trends
1. Fashion trends are done to look good and create a good impression.
2. Fashion tells a lot about a person. the way a person dress
3. By following fashion trends, it helps in telling what to wear on a specific occasion or event.
4. Following a fashion trend helps everyone to keep up with the modern world.
5. Fashion influences many people’s lives in a bigger way.
6. The Indian fashion industry has a yearly revenue of about 108 billion dollars. This shows the popularity of fashion trends among the youth.
7. One way to create a positively good impression is to follow a fashion trend.
8. A speech on fashion for students should include the importance of fashion trends and how the students can feel comfortable with what they wear.
9. Dressing according to a fashion trend helps in making you more relaxed and confident when speaking to a person.
10. The greatest fashion trend a person could follow is to be comfortable in his or her skin. Always be optimistic and love yourself. |
Separation and purification technology impact factor
Separation and purification technology impact factor not very
Northern Borneo consisted of the British colony of North Borneo, the Kingdom of Sarawak, which was ruled by a British family separation and purification technology impact factor as the "White Rajas", and the British protectorate of Brunei. World War II was disastrous for the British Malayan Command.
The Japanese swept down both coasts of the Malay Peninsula and despite fierce fighting, much of the British military was tied down fighting the Germans in Europe. Those that separation and purification technology impact factor in Malaya simply could not cope with the Japanese onslaught.
By 31 January 1942, the British had been pushed all the way back to Singapore, which then fell to the Japanese on 15 February 1942. The situation was no different on Borneo, which fell to the Japanese on 1 April 1942 after separation and purification technology impact factor of fierce fighting.
The Japanese occupation was brutal, and many, particularly the ethnic Chinese, suffered and perished during the occupation. Among the most notorious atrocities committed by the Japanese was the Sandakan Death Marches, with only six out of several thousand prisoners surviving the war. After World War II, the Federated Malay States, the unfederated Malay States and the Straits Settlements of Malacca and Penang were federated to form a single British colony known as the Malayan Union, with Singapore splitting separation and purification technology impact factor to form a separate colony.
In the Malayan Union, the sultans of the various states ceded all their powers except those in religious affairs to the British crown. However, widespread opposition to the Malayan Union led the British to reconsider their position, and in 1948, the Separation and purification technology impact factor Union was replaced by the Federation of Malaya, in which the executive positions of the sultans were restored.
The Union Jack was lowered and the first Malayan flag was raised in the Merdeka (independence) Square on midnight 31st Hadassah medical pfizer 1957.
Six years later, Malaysia was formed on 16 September 1963 through a merging of Malaya and Singapore, as well as the East Malaysian states of Sabah (known then as North Borneo) and Sarawak on the northern coast of Borneo, with Brunei deciding not to join. The first several years of the country's history separation and purification technology impact factor marred by the Indonesian confrontation (konfrontasi) as well as claims to Sabah from the Philippines.
Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy, nominally headed by the Paramount Ruler (Yang di-Pertuan Agong), who is "elected" by the rulers (7 sultans, the Yang Di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan and the Raja separation and purification technology impact factor Perlis) for a five-year term from among the rulers of the 9 royal states of Malaysia, though in practice the election usually follows a prescribed order based on the seniority of the rulers at the time of independence.
This gives Malaysia a unique political system of rotational monarchy, in which separation and purification technology impact factor of the state rulers would take turns to be the separation and purification technology impact factor of Malaysia. The current king, from Kedah, was sworn in on 13 Dec 2011. Malaysia's government is largely based on the British Westminster system, consisting of a bicameral national parliament, with each separation and purification technology impact factor the states also having their own unicameral Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly).
The head of government is the Prime Minister, who is the party leader of the winning party in the lower house. The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) party and its National Front (Barisan Nasional) coalition ruled Malaysia until 2018. In practice, the king is only the nominal Head of State, while the Prime Minister is the one who wields the most authority in government.
Peninsular Malaysia (Bahasa Malaysia: Semenanjung Malaysia) occupies all of the Malay Peninsula between Thailand and Singapore, and is also known as West Malaysia (Malaysia Barat) or the slightly archaic Malaya (Tanah Melayu). It is home to the bulk of Malaysia's population, its capital and largest city Kuala Lumpur, separation and purification technology impact factor is generally more economically developed.
Within Peninsular Malaysia, the West Coast is more developed and urbanised and separated from the more rural East Coast by a mountain range - the Titiwangsa. Some 800 km to the east is East Malaysia (Malaysia Timur), which occupies separation and purification technology impact factor Ibalizumab-uiyk Injection (Trogarzo)- FDA third of the island of Borneo, shared with Indonesia and Brunei.
Partly covered in impenetrable jungle where headhunters roam (on GSM networks if nothing else), East Malaysia is rich Viltolarsen Injection (Viltepso)- FDA natural resources but very much Malaysia's hinterland for industry, and focused more on mass than individual tourism. Trovafloxacin and Azithromycin (Trovan - Zithromax)- FDA East and West Malaysia have been subjected to vast logging activities in the last decades, however, and much of its rainforests have been transformed into palm oil plantations, especially in the flatter areas.
Areas with pristine rainforest do remain, though, especially inland where the terrain is more mountainous. The terrain consists of coastal plains rising to hills and mountains. Peninsular Malaysia consists of plains on both the East and West coasts, separated from each other by a mountain range known as the Barisan Titiwangsa separation and purification technology impact factor runs from North to South.
Separation and purification technology impact factor is a multicultural society. There is hence also a profusion of faiths and religions, separation and purification technology impact factor Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Taoism, Hinduism, Sikhism and even shamanism on the map. Exact dates depend on local astronomical observations and vary from one country to another.
Ramadan ends with the Eid ul-Fitr festival extending over several days. One of johnson cleaning significant characteristics of Malaysian culture is its celebration of various festivals and events. The year is filled with colourful, exhilarating and exciting activities. Some are religious and solemn but others are vibrant, joyous events.
14.02.2019 in 11:29 Эрнест:
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15.02.2019 in 14:38 Анфиса:
17.02.2019 in 19:50 tenmecenmo:
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Vector processor : définition de Vector processor et synonymes de Vector processor (anglais)
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définition - Vector processor
voir la définition de Wikipedia
Vector processor
A vector processor, or array processor, is a central processing unit (CPU) that implements an instruction set containing instructions that operate on one-dimensional arrays of data called vectors. This is in contrast to a scalar processor, whose instructions operate on single data items. Although Intel processors and their clones were designed initially as scalar, contain an increasing number of specialized vector instructions such as those supplied by the Advanced Vector Extensions set.
Vector processors first appeared in the 1970s, and formed the basis of most supercomputers through the 1980s and into the 1990s. Improvements in scalar processors, particularly microprocessors, resulted in the decline of traditional vector processors in supercomputers, and the appearance of vector processing techniques in mass market CPUs around the early 1990s. Today, most commodity CPUs implement architectures that feature instructions for some vector processing on multiple (vectorized) data sets, typically known as SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data). Common examples include VIS, MMX, SSE, and AltiVec. Vector processing techniques are also found in video game console hardware and graphics accelerators. In 2000, IBM, Toshiba and Sony collaborated to create the Cell processor, consisting of one scalar processor and eight vector processors, which found use in the Sony PlayStation 3 among other applications.
Other CPU designs may include some multiple instructions for vector processing on multiple (vectorised) data sets, typically known as MIMD (Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data). Such designs are usually dedicated to a particular application and not commonly marketed for general purpose computing.
Vector processing development began in the early 1960s at Westinghouse in their Solomon project. Solomon's goal was to dramatically increase math performance by using a large number of simple math co-processors under the control of a single master CPU. The CPU fed a single common instruction to all of the arithmetic logic units (ALUs), one per "cycle", but with a different data point for each one to work on. This allowed the Solomon machine to apply a single algorithm to a large data set, fed in the form of an array. In 1962, Westinghouse cancelled the project, but the effort was re-started at the University of Illinois as the ILLIAC IV. Their version of the design originally called for a 1 GFLOPS machine with 256 ALUs, but, when it was finally delivered in 1972, it had only 64 ALUs and could reach only 100 to 150 MFLOPS. Nevertheless it showed that the basic concept was sound, and, when used on data-intensive applications, such as computational fluid dynamics, the "failed" ILLIAC was the fastest machine in the world. The ILLIAC approach of using separate ALUs for each data element is not common to later designs, and is often referred to under a separate category, massively parallel computing.
Cray J90 processor module with four scalar/vector processors
Vector processing techniques have since been added to almost all modern CPU designs, although they are typically referred to as SIMD. In these implementations, the vector unit runs beside the main scalar CPU, and is fed data from vector instruction aware programs.
Vector processors take this concept one step further. Instead of pipelining just the instructions, they also pipeline the data itself. There are fed instructions that say not just to add A to B, but to add all of the numbers "from here to here" to all of the numbers "from there to there". Instead of constantly having to decode instructions and then fetch the data needed to complete them, it reads a single instruction from memory, and "knows" that the next address will be one larger than the last. This allows for significant savings in decoding time.
To illustrate what a difference this can make, consider the simple task of adding two groups of 10 numbers together. In a normal programming language you would write a "loop" that picked up each of the pairs of numbers in turn, and then added them. To the CPU, this would look something like this:
execute this loop 10 times
read the next instruction and decode it
fetch this number
fetch that number
add them
put the result here
end loop
But to a vector processor, this task looks considerably different:
read instruction and decode it
fetch these 10 numbers
fetch those 10 numbers
add them
put the results here
read instruction and decode it
fetch these 10 numbers
fetch those 10 numbers
fetch another 10 numbers
add and multiply them
put the results here
Not all problems can be attacked with this sort of solution. Adding these sorts of instructions necessarily adds complexity to the core CPU. That complexity typically makes other instructions run slower—i.e., whenever it is not adding up many numbers in a row. The more complex instructions also add to the complexity of the decoders, which might slow down the decoding of the more common instructions such as normal adding.
In fact, vector processors work best only when there are large amounts of data to be worked on. For this reason, these sorts of CPUs were found primarily in supercomputers, as the supercomputers themselves were, in general, found in places such as weather prediction centres and physics labs, where huge amounts of data are "crunched".
Real world example: vector instructions usage with the x86 architecture
Shown below is an actual x86 architecture example for vector instruction usage with the SSE instruction set. The example multiplies two arrays of single precision floating point numbers. It's written in the C language with inline assembly code parts for compilation with GCC (32bit).
//SSE simd function for vectorized multiplication of 2 arrays with single-precision floatingpoint numbers
//1st param pointer on source/destination array, 2nd param 2. source array, 3rd param number of floats per array
void mul_asm(float* out, float* in, unsigned int leng)
{ unsigned int count, rest;
//compute if array is big enough for vector operation
rest = (leng*4)%16;
count = (leng*4)-rest;
// vectorized part; 4 floats per loop iteration
if (count>0){
__asm __volatile__ (".intel_syntax noprefix\n\t"
"loop: \n\t"
"movups xmm0,[ebx+ecx] ;loads 4 floats in first register (xmm0)\n\t"
"movups xmm1,[eax+ecx] ;loads 4 floats in second register (xmm1)\n\t"
"mulps xmm0,xmm1 ;multiplies both vector registers\n\t"
"movups [eax+ecx],xmm0 ;write back the result to memory\n\t"
"sub ecx,16 ;increase address pointer by 4 floats\n\t"
"jnz loop \n\t"
".att_syntax prefix \n\t"
: : "a" (out), "b" (in), "c"(count), "d"(rest): "xmm0","xmm1");
// scalar part; 1 float per loop iteration
if (rest!=0)
__asm __volatile__ (".intel_syntax noprefix\n\t"
"add eax,ecx \n\t"
"add ebx,ecx \n\t"
"rest: \n\t"
"movss xmm0,[ebx+edx] ;load 1 float in first register (xmm0)\n\t"
"movss xmm1,[eax+edx] ;load 1 float in second register (xmm1)\n\t"
"mulss xmm0,xmm1 ;multiplies both scalar parts of registers\n\t"
"movss [eax+edx],xmm0 ;write back the result\n\t"
"sub edx,4 \n\t"
"jnz rest \n\t"
".att_syntax prefix \n\t"
Programming Heterogeneous Computing Architectures
See also
1. ^ Malinovsky, B.N. (1995 (see also here http://www.sigcis.org/files/SIGCISMC2010_001.pdf and english version here)). The history of computer technology in their faces (in Russian). Kiew: Firm "KIT". ISBN 5-7707-6131-8.
2. ^ Kunzman, D. M.; Kale, L. V. (2011). "Programming Heterogeneous Systems". 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum. pp. 2061. DOI:10.1109/IPDPS.2011.377. ISBN 978-1-61284-425-1. edit
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Five Illnesses Commonly Associated with Asbestos exposure
Asbestos-related illnesses have become more common due to the many years, or often decades, it can take to manifest. The effects of exposure to asbestos are extremely serious, including a number of life-threatening illnesses.
Here are the five main illnesses associated with prolonged or repeated exposure to asbestos.
1. Asbestosis – Heavy or regular exposure is believed to be the cause for this illness, where the lungs become scared. Sufferers can suffer from severe shortness of breath and could be at greater risk of developing lung cancer or mesothelioma.
2. Lung Cancer – In the UK alone, asbestos has been linked with 2-3% of lung cancer deaths. If significant exposure to asbestos coincides with being a regular smoker, there could be a synergistic effect in the forming of lung cancer.
3. Mesothelioma – This is a rare form of cancer that can take up to 30 years to manifest after initial exposure to asbestos. It attacks the protective lining that covers most of the bodies organs.
4. Pleural plaques – This is a localised form of scaring in the lungs. It is almost exclusively linked to asbestos exposure and can take more than 20 years to manifest. It is thought that around half of all people who were exposed over long periods of time will develop the condition.
5. Pleural Thickening – While Pleural Plaques are localised, when the scaring along the lining of the pleura is widespread, it is called pleural thickening. Although not considered as serious as mesothelioma or lung cancer, it can adversely affect the lungs and cause shortness of breath. In some cases, sufferers sometimes develop lung cancer at a later stage.
Among those thought to have been a greater risk of contracting an asbestos-related illness are plumbers, painters, gas fitters, laggers, thermal insulation engineers, building workers and decorators.
If you or someone in your family has been diagnosed with an asbestos illness or any other kind of industrial disease it may be time to seek compensation. |
Question: How do I find silver hallmarks?
Finding and Identifying Silver Hallmarks on Different Pieces. With almost any silver or silverplate item, youll notice tiny stamped marks somewhere on the piece. These can take the form of pictures, words, names, letters, or numbers. It may help to have a magnifying glass and some silver polish handy.
What is the stamp mark for silver?
Lion Passant A stamp indicating the purity of the silver is called the assayers mark. The mark for silver meeting the sterling standard of purity is the Lion Passant, but there have been other variations over the years, most notably the mark indicating Britannia purity.
How do you date sterling silver?
How do you identify sterling silver hallmarks?
For example, the lion passant is standard to identify a piece as sterling silver. If this mark isnt there, it means the piece is most likely silver plated. You can find a list of the common town marks, date letters, and other hallmarks online or in a number of different guide books.
What does a sterling silver mark look like?
American sterling silver is marked with one of the following hallmarks: “925,” “. 925,” or “S925.” the 925 indicates that the piece contains 92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals.
What does the letter H mean on silver?
What do the symbols mean on silver?
They include: 1) symbol for the town in which the silver content was certified, called an assay or town mark; 2) symbol for the year of manufacture called the date letter; 4) symbol for the standard mark guaranteeing the silver content. The English silver standard is also 925/1000.
What is the difference between sterling silver and 925 silver?
A: Sterling silver is an alloy of silver containing 92.5% pure silver and 7.5% of other metals, usually copper. Silver jewelry marked with a 925 is sterling silver jewelry that has been certified to contain 92.5% silver content. Sterling silver is harder than silver and is more suitable for jewelry making.
Do pawn shops take 925 silver?
Multiply the weight of your bullion or jewelry (just the silver part) by the percentage of silver that your Fineness symbol indicates. For example, lets say your silver weighs 21.4 grams and that it is . 925 (sterling silver). Since sterling silver is 92.5% silver, you would take .
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Should A Damaged Tooth Be Extracted?
Unfortunately, there’s no straightforward answer to this question. Today’s dental procedures are designed in such a way to protect to natural teeth in all possible ways. A good dentist Albuquerque nm will try to save your natural teeth as much as possible. But, in some cases, tooth extraction becomes necessary, especially when a badly decayed or damaged tooth seems to jeopardize the health of the surrounding teeth.
However, there are certain situations where tooth extraction is necessary. Knowing the conditions that require tooth extraction is imperative so that you can help prevent it from happening and react quickly to save the tooth by making informed decisions.
So, When Tooth Extraction Is Necessary?
Severely Decayed Tooth
Bacteria is present in our mouth in the form of plaque. Plaque is a sticky film-like bacteria and one of the major causes of dental problems, including cavities and gum disease. They eat the same sugars that you do, creating acids that attack a tooth’s outermost layer, enamel, and cause cavities. When the outer layer of a tooth is compromised, it’s easy for bacteria to seep through the inner part of the tooth, affecting the dentin and nerve.
Minor cavities, when caught early, could be fixed with a filling, while severe tooth decay can become very serious. In severe dental cases, a root canal is the only viable option to save the tooth. The affected root of the decayed tooth will be removed, filled, and sealed. Finally, a cap will be placed to protect the teeth. This restores the functionality and avoids complications caused by missing teeth.
On the other hand, in worst cases like severely decayed teeth like its hard-to-reach abscess require extraction. There’s no other option to save the tooth. So, the key is to act quickly before it becomes worse. When caught early, cavities can be reversed and treated. Moreover, cut down on sugary and starchy foods and follow good oral hygiene to prevent dental decay and protect your teeth.
Gum Disease
Gum disease is one of the major causes of tooth loss. Like dental decay, when caught early, gum disease can be reversed and treated. If left unattended, gum infection can progress into a more severe form of gum disease called periodontitis, leading to tooth loss. When a tooth is extremely allowed to weaken and infected by gum disease, there are only two options, including extraction or waiting for them to fall on their own. If your gums bleed when your brush or floss, rush to the dental clinics in Albuquerque nm immediately and get it treated.
Wisdom Teeth
Impacted wisdom teeth can create a lot of dental problems, jeopardizing surrounding teeth. So, tooth extraction is the viable option. In fact, wisdom teeth removal is a preventive measure taken to save healthy teeth.
No one likes to extract a tooth, not even the dentists. Tooth extraction is used as a very last resort when nothing can be done to help the tooth. So, only a dentist can determine whether or not you need a tooth extraction.
Are you nervous about tooth extraction? Do you have a severely affected tooth that’s needs treatment? Please call our clinic to make an appointment. Our dentist can help you suggest the right treatment plan, including tmj treatment albuquerque.
The author is a blogger and dentist Albuquerque NM. Along with the team of professionals, he provides a range of dental services, including tmj treatment that is designed to improve patient’s health and smile. Visit for more details.
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Birdwatching or birding is the observation and study of birds, as opposed to ornithology which is a formal study of birds. Bird watching is a very relaxing and yet exciting pastime.
Birding can be done with the help of a pair of binoculars or a spotting scope, but many birders can identify birds by just hearing their calls, observing their silhouettes or their flight patterns.
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A difference of opinion between intelligent design and evolution is ongoing — anyone who looks into the structure of the cell and sees the myriad of operations occurring has to stop and wonder: How can evolution account for this? And if evolution is a culling process, what generated the initial set of entities to be culled? On the other hand, intelligent design advocates have to answer some questions also: Why does the mitochondria structure in the cell exist? How does one account for adaptations? Where did that pesky reverse transcriptase come from?
Anyone looking at a system as complex as the cell is inclined to make statements that such complexity could never have evolved. One would do well, however, to look into the phase space of a very simple coupled polynomial system. The phase space solution set of these polynomials become chaotic in the mathematical sense of the word. An incredible complexity exists in even the simplest equations. Steven Wolfram has show that simple generators can produce the complex patterns on a mollusk shell. So complexity in itself is not an indicator of intelligent design.
Consider the mitochondria structure in the cell. This is a structure which provides cellular energy. Current thinking is that, at some point, a cellular organism ingested a bacterium of similar structure to the mitochondria, and instead of the bacterium’s proteins being digested, as usually happens, the bacterium instead survived as a symbiote within the cellular organism. The fact that the structure exists indicates a fortuitous occurrence rather than a structured design — unless one wants to argue that this ingestion was part of the design.
Also adaptations clearly occur. Man has been adapting domestic animals and grains for millennia. MRSA is a bacterium which has adapted to the human immune system, much as AIDS has adapted to the human T cell. And clearly these adaptations have passed beyond the somatic. The existence of reverse transcriptase throws a monkey wrench into the orderly intelligent design process. No electrical engineer would design a control system with a pole in the left hand plane, which is what a molecular design with reverse transcriptase amounts to.
So if God exists as an intelligent designer, are we to believe that it is as Woody Allen quips: ” …the worst you can say about Him is that basically He’s an underachiever.”
Evolution theorists have to do a little introspection also. Evolution in its strictest sense is the process by which adaptations make the transition from the somatic to the germ line. That is to say, adaptations that are passed along to offspring. Organisms with the adaptation, in the sense that they are more suited to the environment, survive to procreate. Less well adapted to the environment, they do not survive and eventually they are eliminated (rendered extinct). Thus evolution is a culling process — the fittest are those organisms which survive, with continued existence being the only criteria. But this begs the questions of the adaptations in the first place. Where did they come from and what was the source of the original pool from which viable processes were ‘selected’? Evolution is a backwards acting process, a culling of options. Somewhere in the process there is a need for new adaptations, new structures. There is some support for the hypotheses that radiological mutations provides such a pool. Other thought suggests that matter is endowed with self-organizing properties.
The physical world is described by the laws of thermodynamics. The second law, which states that entropy tends to increase, leads to the ultimate final state being the heat death of the universe. Evolutionists are constrained by this law. There is a preferred direction for processes. Combining things together into a higher energy state seems to violate the second law. If, as Ben Stein notes, life evolved from lightning striking the mud puddle, there are a lot of missing links, most of which violate the second law.
Note that the fact that they are missing is not surprising: Why shouldn’t they be missing. Millions of years could have passed under identical geological conditions which produced our fossils without proteins and amino acids being preserved — they are just too fragile. Only after life adapted and generated shells, bones and mineral inclusions could there be a preserved slice of the process to study.
But life itself seems to violate the second law. The significant factor, the one spark that distinguishes life from all other matter seems to be the ability to self-organize. The question is whether self-organization is another natural law which we have overlooked or the result of some prime mover or intelligent designer. Certain nanostructures are known to self organize — the so-called self-assembly process. So it is conceivable that all that electrified mud self organized into amino acids, complex phosphate chains, proteins and that the sieve of selection gave us the foundations of cellular metabolism.
Is self-organization a result of a process that has been overlooked and is responsible for that initial pool of selectees we evolved from? Or is this process the indicator that there is some higher intelligence guiding the development of life, but in a way that is far more clever and inscrutable than either side in the debate supposes? |
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