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Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMP) What are they? This week’s post is brought to you by my current doctoral student, Brady Workman. Brady is working towards his degree at East Tennessee State University, known for a strong vestibular program. He is teaching me a few things about VEMPs. Here’s Brady: Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) are measurements originating from the otolith organs of the vestibular system (saccule & utricle). VEMPs are a unique subtest in evaluation of the dizzy patient because most conventional means of vestibular evaluation rely on the measurement of horizontal semicircular canal function. The otolith organs are the “front to back”, “side to side” and “up and down” motion sensors of the inner ear, whereas the semicircular canals sense head turns. VEMPs may be elicited by any stimuli that causes vibration/stimulation of the otolith organs, but air conducted stimuli tend to be the most frequently used clinically. The otolith organs have nerve projections to both the eyes and neck muscles, which is where we are able to record VEMPs. By evaluating the otolith organs, one is able to develop a more comprehensive understanding of one’s vestibular function; thus VEMPs are complimentary to other, more traditional means of vestibular assessment, such as electronystagmography and/or rotary chair. VEMPs are capable of being recorded from several different muscles. For simplicity’s sake and clinical relevance, we will focus on the two most popular VEMPs, the Cervical VEMP (cVEMP) and the Ocular VEMP (oVEMP). The cVEMP is primarily a measure of saccular function and is recorded on the sternocleidomastoid muscle of the neck. Bilateral recordings can be used when obtaining a cVEMP, but the main cVEMP response will be recorded from the sternocleidomastoid muscle of the ear that is stimulated. Due to the cVEMP response being reliant on the amount of underlying muscle activity, it is recommended that the clinician monitor muscle activity during cVEMP measurments. The cVEMP is characterized by an initial positive peak around 13 ms and a negative peak around 23 ms. Since the discovery of cVEMPs they have gained popularity as a clinical means for the evaluation of the saccule and inferior branch of the vestibular nerve. Detailed recording parameters for measuring cVEMPs can be obtained from the “International guidelines for the clinical application of cervical evoked myogenic potentials: an expert consensus report”. VEMPs have also been recorded from the eye muscles and are deemed oVEMPs (o for Ocular). The oVEMP is a more recent measure of vestibular function, and as such may be less utilized than the cVEMP. The oVEMP is primarily a measure of utricle function and can be recorded underneath the eye opposite the ear stimulated. The oVEMP is much smaller in amplitude than the cVEMP and has an initial negative peak around 10 ms and a positive peak around 15 ms. Although the oVEMP is of more recent discovery it has been shown as an effective clinical means of evaluating the utricle and superior branch of the vestibular nerve. More detailed recording parameters for oVEMP testing can be found here and here VEMP amplitudes are the most frequently utilized aspect of the response with responses from both ears compared to one another, utilizing what is known as an asymmetry ratio. By comparing the otolith function between ears the clinician is able to determine if the otolith organs are functioning properly and evenly between ears. Symmetrical functioning of the otolith organs between ears is necessary for proper sensation of movement and for balance maintenance. Overall, VEMPs are useful measures of otolith function that are complimentary to more traditional means of vestibular evaluation. About Alan Desmond
展望の宿天神 2016 (26182596995) General information Unit systemSI derived unit Unit ofHealth effect of ionizing radiation (Equivalent dose) Named afterRolf Maximilian Sievert SI base units m2s−2 Energy absorbed by mass Jkg−1 CGS units (non-SI) 100 rem CIPM definition of the sievert H = Q × D[4] In summary: The gray – quantity D 1 Gy = 1 joule/kilogram – a physical quantity. 1 Gy is the deposit of a joule of radiation energy per kg of matter or tissue. The sievert – quantity H ICRP definition of the sievert The ICRP definition of the sievert is:[5] Naming conventions External dose quantities Dose quantities and units External radiation dose quantities used in radiological protection Physical quantities Protection quantities Operational quantities Instrument and dosimetry response Calculating protection dose quantities SI Radiation dose units Graphic showing relationship of "protection dose" quantities in SI units 1. The radiation factor WR, which is specific for radiation type R – This is used in calculating the equivalent dose HT which can be for the whole body or for individual organs. Radiation type weighting factor WR Radiation weighting factors WR used to represent relative biological effectiveness according to ICRP report 103[1] Radiation Energy (E) WR (formerly Q) x-rays, gamma rays, beta particles, muons protons, charged pions 2 alpha particles, Nuclear fission products, heavy nuclei HT is the equivalent dose absorbed by tissue T WR is the radiation weighting factor defined by regulation Neutron radiation weighting factor as a function of kinetic energy Tissue type weighting factor WT Weighting factors for different organs[18] Organs Tissue weighting factors Gonads 0.25 0.20 0.08 Red bone marrow 0.12 0.12 0.12 Colon 0.12 0.12 Lung 0.12 0.12 0.12 Stomach 0.12 0.12 Breasts 0.15 0.05 0.12 Bladder 0.05 0.04 Liver 0.05 0.04 Oesophagus 0.05 0.04 Thyroid 0.03 0.05 0.04 Skin 0.01 0.01 Bone surface 0.03 0.01 0.01 Salivary glands 0.01 Brain 0.01 Remainder of body 0.30 0.05 0.12 Total 1.00 1.00 1.00 Operational quantities Ambient dose equivalent Directional dose equivalent Personal dose equivalent Proposals for changing the definition of protection dose quantities H = Φ × conversion coefficient D = Φ × conversion coefficient for absorbed dose. Internal dose quantities Health effects Stochastic effects Deterministic effects The deterministic (acute tissue damage) effects that can lead to acute radiation syndrome only occur in the case of acute high doses (≳ 0.1 Gy) and high dose rates (≳ 0.1 Gy/h) and are conventionally not measured using the unit sievert, but use the unit gray (Gy). A model of deterministic risk would require different weighting factors (not yet established) than are used in the calculation of equivalent and effective dose. ICRP dose limits • Planned exposure – limits given for occupational, medical and public • Emergency exposure – limits given for occupational and public exposure • Existing exposure – All persons exposed Dose examples 027 dose-ranges-sievert Exposure chart-XKCD Comparison of radiation doses - includes the amount detected on the trip from Earth to Mars by the RAD on the MSL (2011–2013).[31][32][33][34] Dose examples 5–10 μSv: one set of dental radiographs[37] 80 μSv: average dose to people living within 10 mi (16 km) of Three Mile Island accident[38] 400–600 μSv: two-view mammogram, using weighting factors updated in 2007[39] 1.5–1.7 mSv: annual dose for flight attendants[41] 2–7 mSv: barium fluoroscopy, e.g. Barium meal, up to 2 minutes, 4–24 spot images[42] 10–30 mSv: single full-body CT scan[43][44] 80 mSv: 6-month stay on the International Space Station 250 mSv: 6-month trip to Mars — radiation due to cosmic rays, which are very difficult to shield against 500 mSv: the U.S. 10 C.F.R. § 20.1201(a)(2)(ii) occupational dose limit, shallow-dose equivalent to skin, per annum[45] 1 Sv: maximum allowed radiation exposure for NASA astronauts over their career[31] 4–5 Sv: dose required to kill a human with a 50% risk within 30 days (LD50/30), if the dose is received over a very short duration[50][51] 4.5–6 Sv: fatal acute doses during Goiânia accident 5.1 Sv: fatal acute dose to Harry Daghlian in 1945 criticality accident[52] 10 to 17 Sv: fatal acute doses during Tokaimura nuclear accident. Hisashi Ouchi who received 17 Sv was kept alive for 83 days after the accident.[53] 21 Sv: fatal acute dose to Louis Slotin in 1946 criticality accident[52] 36 Sv: fatal acute dose to Cecil Kelley in 1958, death occurred within 35 hours.[54] 64 Sv: nonfatal dose to Albert Stevens spread over ≈21 years, due to a 1945 plutonium injection experiment by doctors working on the secret Manhattan Project.[56][a] Dose rate examples 24 mSv/a (2.7 μSv/h avg) Natural background radiation at airline cruise altitude[57][b] 130 mSv/a (15 μSv/h avg) Ambient field inside most radioactive house in Ramsar, Iran[58][c] 2–20 mSv/h Typical dose rate for activated reactor wall in possible future fusion reactors after 100 years.[61] After approximately 300 years of decay the fusion waste would produce the same dose rate as exposure to coal ash, with the volume of fusion waste naturally being orders of magnitude less than from coal ash.[62] Immediate predicted activation is 90 MGy/a.[63] (2.3 MSv/a) 270 Sv/h typical PWR spent fuel bundle, after 10-year cooldown, no shielding[65] (4.6–5.6 MSv/a) 530–650 Sv/h The radiation level inside the primary containment vessel of the second BWR-reactor of the Fukushima power station, as of February 2017, six years after a suspected meltdown.[66][67][68][69][70] In this environment, it takes between 22 to 34 seconds to accumulate a median lethal dose (LD50/30). Notes on examples: The sievert has its origin in the röntgen equivalent man (rem) which was derived from CGS units. The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) promoted a switch to coherent SI units in the 1970s,[71] and announced in 1976 that it planned to formulate a suitable unit for equivalent dose.[72] The ICRP pre-empted the ICRU by introducing the sievert in 1977.[73] Common SI usage 1 mSv/h = 8.766 Sv/a 114.1 μSv/h = 1 Sv/a 8 h = 1 day 40 h = 1 week 50 weeks = 1 year Therefore, for occupation exposures of that time period, 1 mSv/h = 2 Sv/a 500 µSv/h = 1 Sv/a Ionizing radiation quantities Radioactivity and radiation Graphic showing relationships between radioactivity and detected ionizing radiation Radiation related quantities Quantity Unit Symbol Derivation Year SI equivalence becquerel Bq s−1 1974 s−1 rutherford Rd 106 s−1 1946 1,000,000 Bq rad rad 100 erg⋅g−1 1953 0.010 Gy sievert Sv J⋅kg−1 × WR 1977 SI Although the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission permits the use of the units curie, rad, and rem alongside SI units,[76] the European Union European units of measurement directives required that their use for "public health ... purposes" be phased out by 31 December 1985.[77] Rem equivalence An older unit for the dose equivalent is the rem,[78] still often used in the United States. One sievert is equal to 100 rem: See also 1. ^ a b c d e f g Icrp (2007). "The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection". Annals of the ICRP. ICRP publication 103. 37 (2–4). ISBN 978-0-7020-3048-2. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 3. ^ ICRP report 103 para 104 and 105 5. ^ a b c ICRP publication 103 - Glossary. 6. ^ ICRP publication 60 published in 1991 7. ^ a b c "Operational Quantities and new approach by ICRU" – Akira Endo. The 3rd International Symposium on the System of Radiological Protection, Seoul, Korea – October 20–22, 2015 [1] 9. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph 112 10. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph B50 12. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph B64 13. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph B146 14. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph B147 17. ^ ICRP publication 103, paragraph B159 19. ^ Icrp (1991). "1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection". Annals of the ICRP. ICRP publication 60. 21 (1–3). ISBN 978-0-08-041144-6. Retrieved 17 May 2012. 20. ^ ICRP report 103 paragraphs B163 - B164 21. ^ ICRP report 103 paragraphs B165- B167 23. ^ ICRP report 103 paragraphs B168 - B170 24. ^ ICRP draft "Operational Quantities for External Radiation Exposure" 25. ^ ICRP publication 103 - Paragraph 144. 30. ^ "Ionizing Radiation Dose Ranges (Rem and Sievert charts)" (PDF). US Department of Energy. June 2010. Retrieved 28 May 2018. 40. ^ "NRC: 10 CFR 20.1301 Dose limits for individual members of the public". NRC. Retrieved 7 February 2014. 41. ^ Grajewski, Barbara; Waters, Martha A.; Whelan, Elizabeth A.; Bloom, Thomas F. (2002). "Radiation dose estimation for epidemiologic studies of flight attendants" (PDF). American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 41 (1): 27–37. doi:10.1002/ajim.10018. ISSN 0271-3586. PMID 11757053. 42. ^ Wall, B. F.; Hart, D. (1997). "Revised Radiation Doses for Typical X-Ray Examinations" (PDF). The British Journal of Radiology. 70 (833): 437–439. doi:10.1259/bjr.70.833.9227222. PMID 9227222. Retrieved 18 May 2012. (5,000 patient dose measurements from 375 hospitals) 45. ^ a b "NRC: 10 CFR 20.1201 Occupational dose limits for adults". NRC. Retrieved 7 February 2014. 47. ^ "F. Typical Sources of Radiation Exposure". 13 June 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2019. 48. ^ "Radiation Risk for Xray and CT exams - dosage chart". 26 April 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2019. 50. ^ "Lethal dose (LD)". Retrieved 12 February 2017. 51. ^ "Lethal dose". 53. ^ "JCO worker succumbs after 83 days". Retrieved 24 April 2016. 61. ^ "Consideration of strategies, industry experience, processes and time scales for the recycling of fusion irradiated material" (PDF). UKAEA. p. vi. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2013. dose rates of 2-20 mSv/h, typical of plasma facing components after intermediate storage for up to 100 years 63. ^ Di Pace, Luigi; El-Guebaly, Laila; Kolbasov, Boris; Massaut, Vincent; Zucchetti, Massimo (2012). "Ch. 14: Radioactive Waste Management of Fusion Power Plants" (PDF). In Rehab Abdel Rahman (ed.). Radioactive Waste. InTech. p. 318. ISBN 978-953-51-0551-0. Retrieved 19 May 2012. 67. ^ "Fukushima nuclear reactor radiation at highest level since 2011 meltdown". 68. ^ "Fukushima's Reactor #2 is far more radioactive than previously realized". 69. ^ "Excessive Radiation Inside Fukushima Fries Clean-up Robot". 70. ^ "Japanese nuclear plant just recorded an astronomical radiation level. Should we be worried?". Retrieved 9 September 2017. 76. ^ 10 CFR 20.1004. US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 2009. External links Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon The men's decathlon event at the 1932 Olympic Games took place between August 5 & August 6. Points are listed by the scoring table from 1912 which were used to determine the winner. Adjusted points are points using the 1985 scoring table. The official Olympic results shows both results, but medal winners were determined by the 1912 scoring table. Carl Richard Nyberg Carl Richard Nyberg (May 28, 1858, – 1939) was the founder of Max Sieverts Lödlampfabrik, then one of the largest industries in Sundbyberg, Sweden. Nyberg was born in Arboga. After school he started working for a jeweller and later he moved to Stockholm and worked with various metalworks. He later got work at J. E. Eriksons mekaniska verkstad (later renamed to "Mekanikus").It was while working there that he formulated the idea of the blowtorch. He later worked on the idea and created a blowtorch with strong, directed heat and also with several safety measures built in. He quit his work at Mekanikus in 1882 and set up a workshop at Luntmakargatan in Stockholm making blowtorches. However the business didn't work well because it took too long to both manufacture and sell them. For a time he made a living selling rings supposedly for curing gout. In 1884 he moved his workshop to Sundbyberg. In 1886, he met Max Sievert at a country fair and Sievert became interested in Nyberg's blowtorch and started selling it. After encouragement by the owner of Sundbyberg gård he started AB Alpha and after encouragement from L. M. Ericsson he started producing wire.After Primus started producing blowtorches he also decided to make paraffin oil/kerosene cookers. The first model, called Viktoria, wasn't very successful, but the later Svea did better. He delivered many to Russia and soon he produced 3000 per week. In 1906 the company was changed into a stock company. He was quite generous towards his workers and often gave them stock in the company. The workers became known as "Nybergs snobbar" (Nyberg's snobs) because they were generally better off than those who worked in other places. In 1922 the company was sold to Max Sievert who continued to own it until 1964 when it was bought by Esso. Nyberg also worked on many other inventions, for instance steam engines, aeroplanes, boat propellers and various other machines. He was most famous as an aviation pioneer and he became known as "Flyg-Nyberg" (Flying-Nyberg). From 1897 and onward until around 1910, outside his home in Lidingö he built and tested his Flugan (The Fly) on a circular wood track in his garden and on the ice during the wintertime. However, due the lack of small effective gasoline engines at that time, he only managed a few short jumps. He worked hard with the help of professor J.E. Cederblom at KTH in the development of wing profiles but did not succeed to get The Fly in the air. He also designed and built his own wind tunnel to be able to make test of small wing models. The Fly had a wingspan of 5 meters, and the surface area of the wings was 13 m². The engine was a steam engine of his own design, with a boiler heated by four of his blowtorches. It produced a maximum of 10 hp (7 kW) at 2000 rpm. The total weight of the plane was 80 kg. Committed dose A committed dose from an internal source represents the same effective risk as the same amount of effective dose applied uniformly to the whole body from an external source, or the same amount of equivalent dose applied to part of the body. The committed dose is not intended as a measure for deterministic effects such as radiation sickness which is defined as the severity of a health effect which is certain to happen. The radiation risk proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) predicts that an effective dose of one sievert carries a 5.5% chance of developing cancer. Such a risk is the sum of both internal and external radiation dose. Counts per minute Equivalent dose Equivalent dose is a dose quantity H representing the stochastic health effects of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body which represents the probability of radiation-induced cancer and genetic damage. It is derived from the physical quantity absorbed dose, but also takes into account the biological effectiveness of the radiation, which is dependent on the radiation type and energy. In the SI system of units, the unit of measure is the sievert (Sv). Gray (unit) The gray (symbol: Gy) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as the absorption of one joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter.It is used as a unit of the radiation quantity absorbed dose which measures the energy deposited by ionizing radiation in a unit mass of matter being irradiated, and is used for measuring the delivered dose of ionising radiation in applications such as radiotherapy, food irradiation and radiation sterilization. As a measure of low levels of absorbed dose, it also forms the basis for the calculation of the radiation protection unit the sievert, which is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body. The gray is also used in radiation metrology as a unit of the radiation quantity kerma; defined as the sum of the initial kinetic energies of all the charged particles liberated by uncharged ionizing radiation in a sample of matter per unit mass. The gray is an important unit in ionising radiation measurement and was named after British physicist Louis Harold Gray, a pioneer in the measurement of X-ray and radium radiation and their effects on living tissue.The gray was adopted as part of the International System of Units in 1975. The corresponding cgs unit to the gray is the rad (equivalent to 0.01 Gy), which remains common largely in the United States, though "strongly discouraged" in the style guide for U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology authors. Hans-Heinrich Sievert Hans Heinrich Sievert (1909–1963) was a German Olympic decathlete. He competed at the 1932 Summer Olympics and the 1936 Summer Olympics.In 1934 he became the last decathlon world record holder under the 1915 method of scoring, with 8790.46 points, and won the gold medal at the 1934 European Championships. In the Nazi period in Germany, Sievert was seen as a symbolic hope of the German "master race" in the 1936 Summer Olympics. However, he was injured during the games and the gold medal was won by American Glenn Morris, who also beat Sievert's record. Sievert was recommended to leave the sport after his injury.In World War II, Sievert became an officer of the German armed forces. In Hungary in 1944, he lost his left foot to a land mine. After the war, Sievert became the chairman of Hamburg's track-and-field event federation and a sport advisor to the German government. He became ill in 1957 and quit his work, moving into the home of his father in Eutin. He married Ruth Hagemann, a fellow athlete that Sievert met while training in the 1930s, and had two daughters who also became athletes. José Joaquín Chaverri Sievert José Joaquín Chaverri Sievert (born August 30, 1949) is a Costa Rican diplomat. In 2005 he was appointed Director of Foreign Policy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He has also served as Costa Rican ambassador to Germany, Denmark and Czechoslovakia. Orders of magnitude (radiation) Recognized effects of higher acute radiation doses are described in more detail in the article on radiation poisoning. Although the International System of Units (SI) defines the sievert (Sv) as the unit of radiation dose equivalent, chronic radiation levels and standards are still often given in units of millirems (mrem), where 1 mrem equals 1/1000 of a rem and 1 rem equals 0.01 Sv. Light radiation sickness begins at about 50–100 rad (0.5–1 gray (Gy), 0.5–1 Sv, 50–100 rem, 50,000–100,000 mrem). The following table includes some dosages for comparison purposes, using millisieverts (mSv) (one thousandth of a sievert). The concept of radiation hormesis is relevant to this table – radiation hormesis is a hypothesis stating that the effects of a given acute dose may differ from the effects of an equal fractionated dose. Thus 100 mSv is considered twice in the table below – once as received over a 5-year period, and once as an acute dose, received over a short period of time, with differing predicted effects. The table describes doses and their official limits, rather than effects. Roentgen (unit) The roentgen or röntgen () (symbol R) is a legacy unit of measurement for the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays. It is defined as the electric charge freed by such radiation in a specified volume of air divided by the mass of that air. In 1928 it was the first international measurement quantity for ionising radiation to be defined for radiation protection, and was an easily replicated method of measuring air ionization directly by using an ion chamber. It is named after the German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen, who discovered X-rays. Although relatively easy to measure, the roentgen had the disadvantage that it was only a measure of air ionisation and not a direct measure of radiation absorption in other materials. As the science of radiation dosimetry developed, it was realised that the ionising effect, and hence tissue damage, was linked to energy absorbed, not just radiation exposure. Consequently new radiometric units for radiation protection were defined which took this into account. In 1953 the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) recommended the rad, equal to 100 erg/g, as the unit of measure of the new radiation quantity absorbed dose. The rad was expressed in coherent cgs units. In 1975 the unit gray was named as the SI unit of absorbed dose. The gray was equal to 100 rad, the cgs unit. Additonally, a new quantity Kerma was defined for air ionisation, and is the modern metrological, but not radiation protection, successor to the roengten, and from this the absorbed dose can be calculated using known coefficients for specific target materials. In radiation protection the absorbed dose is the energy absorption which is an indication of likely acute tissue effects occurring at high dose rates, and from low levels of absorbed dose the equivalent dose, representing the stochastic health risk, can be calculated; for which the current SI units used are the gray (Gy) and the sievert (Sv) respectively. The roengten has been redefined over the years. It was last defined by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 1998 as 2.58×10−4 C/kg, with a recommendation that the definition be given in every document where the roentgen is used. One roentgen deposits 0.00877 grays (0.877 rads) of absorbed dose in dry air, or 0.0096 Gy (0.96 rad) in soft tissue. One roentgen of X-rays may deposit anywhere from 0.01 to 0.04 Gy (1.0 to 4.0 rad) in bone depending on the beam energy. This tissue-dependent conversion from kerma to absorbed dose is called the F-factor in radiotherapy contexts. The conversion depends on the ionizing energy of a reference medium, which is ambiguous in the latest NIST definition. Roentgen equivalent man The roentgen equivalent man (or rem) is an older, CGS unit of equivalent dose, effective dose, and committed dose which are measures of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body. One rem carries with it a 0.05% chance of eventually developing cancer. Doses greater than 100 rem received over a short time period are likely to cause acute radiation syndrome (ARS), possibly leading to death within weeks if left untreated. Note that the quantities that are measured in rem were not designed to be correlated to ARS symptoms. The absorbed dose, measured in rad, is the best indicator of ARS.A rem is a large dose of radiation, so the millirem (mrem), which is one thousandth of a rem, is often used for the dosages commonly encountered, such as the amount of radiation received from medical x-rays and background sources. Rolf Maximilian Sievert Rolf Maximilian Sievert (Swedish: [ˈrɔlf maksɪˈmiːlɪan ˈsiːvɛʈ]; 6 May 1896 – 3 October 1966) was a Swedish medical physicist whose major contribution was in the study of the biological effects of ionizing radiation. Ruth Siewert Ruth Siewert (also Sievert-Schnaudt, Sievert; 1915 – July 2002) was a German contralto and voice teacher. She performed roles by Richard Wagner at major opera houses in Europe and at the Bayreuth Festival, and was known as a singer of oratorio and Lied. Sievert Allen Rohwer Sievert Allen Rohwer (22 December 1887 in Telluride – 12 February 1951) was an American entomologist who specialized in Hymenoptera. He was a graduate of the University of Colorado. At the time of his death, Rohwer was serving as the Coordinator Defense Activities for the Agricultural Research Administration within the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Rohwer worked for the USDA from 1909 until his death.Rohwer wrote Technical papers on miscellaneous forest insects. II. The genotypes of the sawflies or woodwasps, or the superfamily Tenthredinoidea. Technical series US Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, DC 20: 69–109 (1911) and very many papers describing new species of Hymenoptera. His collection is held by the Smithsonian Institution Washington D. C. Sievert chamber A Sievert chamber is a type of ionization chamber used in radiation dose measurements. It was invented by Professor Rolf Maximilian Sievert in Sweden in the years 1920-40. Sievert integral The Sievert integral, named after Swedish medical physicist Rolf Sievert, is a special function commonly encountered in radiation transport calculations. It plays a role in the sievert (symbol: Sv) unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI). A Svedberg unit (symbol S, sometimes Sv) is a non-metric unit for sedimentation coefficient. The Svedberg unit (S) offers a measure of a particle's size based on its sedimentation rate, i.e. how fast a particle of given size and shape 'settles' to the bottom of a solution. The Svedberg is a measure of time, defined as exactly 10−13 seconds (100 fs). For biological molecules, sedimentation rate is typically measured as the rate of travel in a centrifuge tube subjected to high g-force.The Svedberg (S) is distinct from the SI unit sievert or the non-SI unit sverdrup, which also use the symbol Sv. In oceanography, a sverdrup (symbol: Sv) is a non-SI unit of flow, with 1 Sv equal to 1,000,000 cubic metres per second (264,000,000 USgal/s); it is equivalent to the SI derived unit cubic hectometer per second (symbol: hm³/s or hm³⋅s⁻¹). It is used almost exclusively in oceanography to measure the volumetric rate of transport of ocean currents. It is named after Harald Sverdrup. It is distinct from the SI unit sievert or the non-SI svedberg, which use the same symbol. In the context of ocean currents, one million cubic meters per second may be most easily imagined as a "slice" of ocean, 1 km wide x 1 km deep x 1 m thick. At this scale, these units can be more easily compared in terms of width of the current (several km), depth (hundreds of meters), and current speed (as meters per second). Thus, a hypothetical current 50 km wide, 500 m (0.5 km) deep, and moving at 2 m/s would transport 50 Sv of water. Main articles quantities & units Instruments and measurement techniques Protection techniques Radiation effects Radiation (physics and health) Main articles and health Related articles Base units Derived units with special names Other accepted units See also Base units Derived units with special names Other accepted units See also Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
Elision (Latin: “striking out”) is the slurring or omission of a final unstressed vowel that precedes either another vowel or a weak consonant sound, as in heav’n (for heaven). It may also be the dropping of a consonant between vowels, as in o’er (for over). Elision is used to fit words into a metrical scheme, to smooth the rhythm of a poem, or to ease pronunciation.
When in the correct balance with omega-3 fats, omega-6 fats are healing fats. Like omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids are polyunsaturated fats. There are healthy and unhealthy sources of omega-6 fats. Healthy sources include sunflower seeds, wheat germ, sesame seeds, and walnuts. When eaten in the ideal ratio with omega-3 fats (between 4:1 and 1:1), these omega-6 fats promote health. Additionally, a higher consumption of eggs can reduce your risk of metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions including factors like excess body fat, high blood sugar levels and abnormal cholesterol levels. Having any of these conditions makes you more likely to suffer from heart disease, stroke or type 2 diabetes. A 2016 study found that adults over 40 years old who regularly ate eggs significantly reduced their risk of metabolic syndrome. (10) The body is able to turn ALA into usable DHA and EPA to some degree, but this isn’t as efficient as getting DHA and EPA directly from food sources that provide it. Even after extensive research, it’s not totally clear how well ALA converts into EPA and DHA or if it has benefits on its own, but health authorities, like those at Harvard Medical School, still consider all sources of omega-3s crucial in the diet. (20) While all unsaturated fats are good for you, you'll get more benefits from omega-3 fatty acids. These unsaturated fatty acids can't be produced by your body, so you need to get them from your diet. And they're crucial to your well-being, since they promote good cardiovascular health, play a role in brain function and offer anti-inflammatory benefits. They're also great for your cholesterol, since they increase "good" (HDL) cholesterol levels.
What is gluten anyway? Gluten is a mixture of two proteins, glutelin and gliadin found in wheat, oat, rye and barley. Gluten is what makes pizza and bread dough stretchy. Gluten has really gotten a bad rep over the past few years, frequently labeled as a “bad” food. An estimated 1.6 million Americans eliminate gluten from their diets by choice. Despite it’s popularity, there is no evidence to support any of the health claims made in favor of adopting a gluten-free diet, unless you’ve been diagnosed with the immune disorder, celiac disease. Celiac disease is genetic and only occurs in 1% of the population. The body responds to gliadin by damaging the intestines, severely impairing normal absorption of nutrients. Symptoms of celiac disease may or may not include foul-smelling diarrhea, weight loss, bloating, growth failure in children, weakness and fatigue. Diagnosis includes an intestinal biopsy, followed by a gluten-free diet, then an additional biopsy to evaluate improvement. There are a couple of related disorders, such as wheat allergies which only effect 0.1% of the people but, can be treated by avoidance of wheat only, a far less restrictive diet option. Testing for food allergies is not simple and includes proof that a food causes an adverse reaction and verification of immunologic involvement. I don’t know why the public has embraced the gluten-less fad, but it’s popularity has taken such a hold that the manufacturing of gluten-free products is estimated to reach 5 billion dollars this year! There is no evidence that a gluten-free diet is healthier, as this rigid pattern of eating may restrict many of the nutrients your body needs, like carbohydrates, iron, folate, niacin, zinc and fiber. Gluten-free products are certainly not fat free and often contain higher amounts of calories and fat. Some blame symptoms of autism, seizure disorders and mental health issues on gluten. Again, there is no clear evidence that gluten plays any role in these conditions. Self-diagnosis and treatment options not approved by a physician and not backed by scientific evidence can be downright dangerous. I don’t want to sound like a broken record, but without a diagnosis of celiac disease or a confirmed allergy, avoiding any particular group of foods is not a good idea. Something you may not know: Manufacturing companies admit that despite the known consumer confusion, gluten-free products continue to be sold and marketed simply because they sell. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle \|\| []).push({});
Taking better pictures: understanding focal length (part 2) In the first part of this tutorial, we explored focal length. We learned what it is, how it is related to the angle of view, and how the camera sensor size affects the equivalent focal length of a given lens. Here we will explore when to use a particular focal length, and why. You will find that we often use the term lens, instead of the more appropriate focal length. This practice is commonly found in many articles, so I hope it will not cause any confusion. The right lens for the right job Depending on the type of scene or subject that you want to capture, one lens might be preferable to another. There is also a matter of desired effect. Let’s walk through some examples. Wide angle lenses Landscapes are usually the type of images that benefit from wide angle lenses. Given their wide angle of view, these lenses allow you to include as much as possible from the existing scene. Typical focal lengths go from 14mm to about 35mm. Anything wider, becomes a fish-eye. Now, you may also find several 10-20mm lenses, but be sure to check if these are designed for full frame cameras, or crop sensor. If for the latter, remember the adjustment factor, as that makes these lenses equivalent to 15-30mm. Death Valley, CA – 18mm, F11 A handy property of wide angle lenses is that, their depth of field is larger at a given aperture, as compared to other focal lengths. This is very desirable for landscape photographers, as it allows having more of the full scene in focus. Also, a wide angle lens suffers a bit less from shaking, hence it is more resilient to motion blur. Other common uses for wide angle lenses include real estate and interiors for two reasons: first, it might be the only way to capture the entirety of a room or space in a single image; second, spaces look bigger. Astrophotography is another common use for wide angle lenses. Avoid wide angle lenses for portraiture, as they distort straight lines, making things look wider, unless that’s a desired effect. Distortion can be used in creative ways, to exaggerate features or spaces, as long as you are in control of the results. Photo by Patrick Tomasso on Unsplash Normal lenses In the 35mm world, the only normal lens is the 50mm one, although technically it should be a 43mm (which is the size of the diagonal of a frame in 35mm film). Normal lenses are fairly versatile, as they are usually small to carry and fast. And they come at very accessible prices with good quality and speed. Photojournalists and street photographers can make the most of it. It is also decent for portraiture, although I would suggest to stay carefully parallel to the ground, and avoid super-closeups, to avoid undesirable distortion. Portraiture – 50mm, F4 Telephoto lenses Technically, anything above 50mm is considered telephoto, and the typical range of what you can find around goes from 55mm to 300mm. This range can be actually broken in two segments, with two different main uses. The first segment, from around 70mm to 120mm, is greatly adopted in portraiture and headshots, with a sweet spot at 85mm. Such focal length results in a good distance from the subject as to virtually eliminate distortions, and also adds a slight compression of facial features that is flattering. Grand Canyon, AZ – 300mm, F5.6 These are also useful for landscape photography, where you can compress several distant elements in a single layered frame; and wildlife and sports photography at the upper end. Wildlife is generally wary of human presence, and keeps their distance purposely. It is very difficult to fill the frame at such distances with small animals, unless you have very long telephoto. Sports photographers require them when capturing the action at center of the game field in a meaningful way. For sports and wildlife, you will need at least 200mm to be able and see results. Bird watchers often need to go even longer. Photographs of the moon also require a very long lens, often closer to 500mm. Zion National Park, UT – 270m, F6.3 Macro lenses These are specialty lenses, used for all those exciting closeup photographs of flowers, bugs, and miniature figurines. Now, the focal length of a macro lens is typically between 45mm and 200mm, but they are designed to provide a 1:1 reproduction ratio of their subject, and often can focus extremely close to the front element of the lens. Now, you can simulate macro behavior with most telephoto lenses, but for true macro photography, the reproduction ratio must be 1:1 or higher. I will cover more about macro photography and lenses in a future post. In closure to this tutorial about focal length, we have put some numbers and scenarios together as a reference. While these might be very intuitive to some, they could be confusing to others, so don’t worry if you belong to the second group. It just takes practice. This post was not about suggesting which lens to buy though. My personal suggestion is to stick with what you have, understand its features and limitations, and only then decide what comes next. Maybe you are more inclined to telephoto than wide angle. Maybe you prefer a more neutral look, like 35mm or 50mm. A deeper understanding of the properties around these decisions will help you take better pictures. Here are few book recommendations. About Salvatore Ventura
Dealing with the bullwhip effect Saddam Hossain \| Published: April 15, 2018 20:58:46 \| Updated: April 17, 2018 21:21:08 Over or surplus stock of inventory is a common phenomenon in our country. But very few of us know the reasons behind it. Jay Forrester named the reason 'bullwhip effect'. The effect occurs on the supply chain when changes in consumer demand cause companies in a supply chain to order more goods in order to meet perceived demand. The bullwhip effect usually flows down the supply chain, initiating with the retailer, wholesaler, distributor, manufacturer and then the raw materials supplier. It occurs when the demand for goods is based on demand forecasts from companies rather than considering actual consumer demand. This concept has a severe impact on a country like Bangladesh where the demand-supply network is extremely complex due to regional variability, transportation issues, individual and small distributor-based model and lack of accurate information regarding actual market scenario. As giant organisations have proper analyst team and market researchers, they are less affected by this effect. But middle and small organisations, who are actually looking to grow and expand their business, are frequently affected by this phenomenon. The effect can be conveniently explained through the following example: Bullwhip effect states that every member of supply chain relies upon each other. The manufacturer relies upon the feedback in terms of forecast from distributor; the distributor relies on wholesaler, who in turn relies upon retailer and so on. Suppose, one day, a consumer or a series of consumers prior to a football or cricket game place a huge order and completely liquidate the retailer's inventory of around 500 cases of beer. Let's say, prior to this transaction, the inventory for the retailer was 500 cases of beer for every two months. The retailer's anticipation is that we just sold 500 cases in one month and so, we are going to sell 500 cases per month moving forward. He now thinks that he will need to order 1,000 cases of beer (for two months) and he places this order to the wholesaler. After getting the increased order, the wholesaler himself order 1,500 cases from the distributor. The distributor says, "This is fantastic! Demand is increasing. We need to order more." He in turn orders 2,000 cases from the manufacturer. As the cycle continues, manufacturer ends up ordering more raw materials from the supplier. But when the next month rolls in, the sales of the distributor may dwindle to 250 cases - thereby leading those extra cases to gather dust on the shelves. From retailer to manufacturer, everybody's inventory is higher than it was before. This is why, it is called bullwhip effect. In this process, single and certain change in demand has a huge impact across the entire supply chain process. Companies can avoid this in their inventory situation by paying attention to: 1. Business cycles: There are some companies who tend to have some quarters, which are busier than others. 2. Seasonality: There are certain times in a year when demand may increase. 3. New product introductions: In this case, company needs to be more prompt and aware as they don't have any previous data. 4. End of life of a product: When a manufacturer decides to stop manufacturing a product, there can be a high demand for it as people rush to buy the products available. 5. Unforeseen circumstances: No one can correctly estimate drastic increase in demand. 6. Information sharing: Whenever there is an uneven rise of demand, the information behind it should be investigated and shared through the supply chain partners. The mentioned steps can ensure that a smooth and prompt inventory system is maintained by everyone in the supply chain. Saddam Hossain is with the Supply Chain Management Department of ACI Limited. Share if you like
Bounty, Queen Annes - Biblical Cyclopedia Bounty, Queen Annes Bounty, Queen Anne's the profits of the firstfruits and tenths, which were anciently given to the pope, transferred in the reign of Henry VIII to the king, and restored to the Church by queen Anne, who caused a perpetual fund to be established from the revenue thus raised, which was vested in trustees for the augmentation of poor livings under £50 a year. This has been further regulated by subsequent statutes; but as the number of livings under £50 was at the commencement of it 5597, averaged at £23 per anuum, its operation is very slow. Verse reference tagging and popups powered by VerseClick™.
Tobacco In Amish Country One big advantage the Amish have had through the years over non-Amish farmers--or "English" farmers as the Amish call them--was that they could cut costs by using their families to work the fields. But more Amish children are turning their backs on farming. The eldest three of Stoltzfus' nine children have gone into business building and selling backyard gazebos. This reflects a larger trend in the Amish community in which more of its members are starting up micro-enterprises, from handcrafts to concrete masonry. Dozens of these businesses have annual revenues of more than $500,000 a year. "Tobacco farming among the Amish is clearly declining. You see mostly the conservative Amish raising it, clinging to traditions," says Donald B. Kraybill, provost of Messiah College in Grantham, Pennsylvania, and author of six books on the Amish. Kraybill believes the more progressive Amish have greater religious concerns about tobacco farming because of the health issues with smoking. "The more the Amish move into the world," says Kraybill, "the less likely they will be to raise tobacco." But a cynical Stoltzfus believes when the Amish get "lazy, that's when they take it as a religious belief." Still, without the proper help, Stoltzfus says he's considering giving up farming altogether to help his wife, Katie, with her business of making and selling quilts. The quilts and other Amish-made products, from preserves to doghouses, are popular among the four million to five million tourists who come to Lancaster every year to catch a glimpse of these throwbacks to another time, the so-called Plain People. The Amish journey to Lancaster County can be traced to seventeenth century Europe and a splinter Anabaptist movement (the Anabaptists rejected the Roman Catholic practice of baptism at birth). The founder of the Amish movement was Swiss-born Jakob Ammann, who broke away from the Anabaptist movement in 1693. He believed the Anabaptists, who over time became known as the Mennonites, had begun to show weak discipline and a waning spirituality. It is Ammann who stressed the humble and simple living that characterizes the Amish today. He encouraged untrimmed beards, plain clothing and use of hook and eye fasteners instead of buttons. The Amish followed the Mennonites to the New World in the early 1700s to escape Europe's growing religious intolerance. Both groups settled near Philadelphia in a colony governed by Quaker William Penn. In the mid-1700s, the first Amish settled in Lancaster County and neighboring Berks County, where the communities remained small until the 1900s. In this century, the Amish population in Pennsylvania has doubled about every 20 years, with families averaging seven to 10 children. Lancaster County, where just 500 Amish lived in 1900, is now home to the second largest Amish community in the United States. Holmes County, Ohio, has the largest. The Amish population nationwide, with settlements from Kentucky to Wisconsin, numbers about 150,000. Lancaster County's Amish community was introduced to the world in the 1985 movie Witness, starring Harrison Ford as a Philadelphia police detective hiding out among the Amish. The filming of the movie caused quite a stir among the camera-shy Amish and particularly with church leaders who run the communities. The Amish have a myriad of church districts and sects as do their cousins, the Mennonites. But most Mennonites have adapted to mainstream life, except for some of the Old Order Mennonite sects. The "horse-and-buggy Mennonites" practice the same strict disciplines as the Amish. Both the early Mennonite and Amish settlers in Lancaster County quickly took to tobacco farming, encouraged by the county's heavy soil and high humidity during the growing season. In 1839, the first year that a census was available on tobacco in Pennsylvania, records show that Lancaster County produced 48,860 pounds, establishing a legacy that stands today as the state's leading tobacco producing county. The 1995 crop was approximately 17 million pounds. Lancaster maintains a rich history in tobacco and cigars. The term "stogie" originated in Lancaster, home of the legendary Conestoga wagon that carried families West in the 1800s. The wagon masters would often smoke long cigars using coarser leaves that gave off a distinctly strong aroma. The cigars became known as "stogies." Much of the county's tobacco history is either documented or told through nostalgic yarns by the locals at Demuth's in downtown Lancaster, the county seat. Demuth's, founded in 1770, is the oldest continuously operating smoke shop in the United States (see Cigar Aficionado, Autumn 1995). Several years ago, ancestors of founder Christopher Demuth decided to operate the shop as a nonprofit foundation to preserve it as a historic jewel for tobacco buffs. Volunteer clerks at Demuth's spin tales about the prime of tobacco farming in Lancaster County when almost every farmer from Little Britain to Blue Ball grew the leaf. Curing sheds, most of them long ago abandoned for new uses, are still visible on many farms. While the English farmers in Lancaster County have kept up with the times, using modern machinery and techniques for farming corn and alfalfa, they still farm tobacco in much the same way it was done in the nineteenth century. That has put the Amish on a level playing field, at least with tobacco. The tobacco the Amish have farmed for generations is designated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as "Pennsylvania 41," which produces a heavy-bodied, dark-colored, gummy leaf. The tobacco is sold mostly for cigar filler and chewing tobacco. But about 20 years ago, when demand for Pennsylvania 41 began drying up because of overseas competition and higher prices, Amish farmers started growing Maryland 609 tobacco. The Maryland 609 is blended with a Southern burley tobacco for use in cigarettes. More than half the county's tobacco crop is now Maryland 609, which is sold during 10 weeks of auctions starting in December. The auctions mark the end of a tobacco season that begins in Lancaster County in early March, when farmers start planting tobacco seedlings. The Amish use horse-drawn carts to plant the tobacco in the ground in early summer, forgoing tractors and automated planters. By harvest time in August and September, entire Amish families can be seen in the fields, cutting the stalks with shears, one at a time, down a row of plants. The leaves are allowed to lie in the sun to soften, but not for too long because the leaves can burn. The wilted plants are then speared onto a four-foot-long lath. Amish parents and their barefooted youngsters stack the laths, which carry about five plants each, onto a horse-drawncart. They then haul the plants to the tobacco shed for curing. This is perhaps the toughest part of all tobacco farming. The laths, weighing about 40 pounds apiece, are taken off the cart and handed to farmers and helpers, who hang them on long rails in the large shed. Working high up in the shed under a tin roof in the intense heat of late summer tests the mettle of the Amish work ethic. Larry Weaver, an English farmer in Lancaster and head of the Pennsylvania Tobacco Growers Association, has worked around the Amish his whole life. "These guys are tough old buggers. They were taught to work hard from day one," says Weaver. "Their bodies seem to be able to stand it and some work past 70 years old. I don't know how the heck they do it." Jonas Hoover, 56, is an Old Order Reidenbach Mennonite who, like the Amish, lives without electricity. His hands are puffed with muscles almost to the size of small baseball mitts from 40 years of farming tobacco. Hoover is known as one of the hardest-working farmers in the county, enlisting his 11 children to help him farm 13 acres. He prides himself on outlasting workers half his age. Hoover tells the story of a young, eager hitchhiker passing through Lancaster who had seen Witness and wanted to help with the harvest. Hoover says he hired him to cut tobacco and then hang it in the sheds. "He stayed about a week," says Hoover, a sly smile crossing his face. Despite "dark-to-dark" daily work schedules, the Amish farmers are never too busy to help a fellow farmer. The barn-raising scene in Witness was not just Hollywood using literary license. Last year, a large barn housing cattle near New Holland burned to the ground. Amish from all over the county arrived the next day to help remove the charred remains and to start building another barn. The cattle farmer was back in business in 10 days. "That's just the way they are. They'll take time out from tobacco season to lend a hand," says Weaver. After about two months of letting the tobacco cure, around Thanksgiving farmers take down the laths of tobacco, its leaves turned to a deep copper. The crop is then moved to an earthen cellar for dampening. A few days later, the laths are taken to a stripping room where the leaf is pulled from the stalk and packaged. It takes one person about a week to strip an acre of tobacco. Stripping an entire harvest can occupy a farmer for more than a month, depending on his help. Eventually, leaves are pressed in a bale box and packaged for auction or for sale on the farm. Most Amish sell their Pennsylvania 41 to a broker from Lancaster Leaf Co., one of the few remaining tobacco brokers in the county. Carl Berger, 84, chairman of National Cigar Co. of Frankfort, Indiana, buys Pennsylvania tobacco from Lancaster Leaf, but not nearly as much as he did decades ago. "The prices went up so high when the chewing tobacco companies came in to buy Pennsyl-vania tobacco," says Berger. "Pennsylvania still has a good, broad-leafed tobacco and the Amish are just wonderful. On most of the farms, all you need is a handshake. Their word is their bond." Lancaster tobacco broker Geoffrey H. Ranck has made a livelihood in dealing with the Amish. Nothing would make his career in tobacco more complete than to rejuvenate thefarmers' enthusiasm for Pennsylvania tobacco by returning the local broadleaf to its earlier prominence. Ranck is president and owner of the Domestic Tobacco Co., a company formerly known as A.K. Mann, dating back more than a century. Ranck is related to the Mann family through a marriage generations ago. He bought the company from the Mann family estate in 1989. Domestic is a broker for tens of thousands of pounds of Amish-grown tobacco and also produces the Amish brand cigar, which retails for about 70 cents a cigar. Looking to capitalize on the growing demand for a better smoke, Ranck last year launched a new, high-quality handmade cigar--The Presidents Private Stock--using Pennsylvania tobacco for its long filler and wrapper. Domestic's Presidents Private Stock, which sells for about $3 a cigar, is manufactured in Honduras, but Ranck says its flavor and character is pure Pennsylvania. "I know once people can see and taste it, they are going to want [that tobacco] in more of their cigars," he says. Ranck has spent a good part of the last year escorting shipments of Pennsylvania tobacco to a factory in Danlí, Honduras, to oversee the skilled hand rollers turning out his hope for the future. A world away, on the patchwork of tobacco acreage that every summer transforms the Lancaster landscape into a quilt of green, Amish farmers like Chris Stoltzfus continue to toil, loyal to tradition but intrigued increasingly by the prospect of change. Tom Lowry covers Wall Street for USA TODAY. He is a native Pennsylvanian.
Real Life. Real News. Real Voices. Join HuffPost Plus Women's Sleep Health and MyApnea.Org: Opportunities to 'Power' Future Research and 'Personalize' Medicine There are new opportunities for women to take an active role in advancing the science of sleep and ultimately improving their health and well-being. By: Emily Kontos, Sc.D. and Susan Redline, M.D., M.P.H., Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA for the Society for Women's Health Interdisciplinary Network on Sleep Over the past decade much progress has been made in identifying sex and gender differences in many health outcomes including sleep disturbances and disorders. Previous articles have reviewed issues such as the increased risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in women as they approach menopause and differences in rates of seasonal affective disorder among women starting as early as puberty. Research also indicates that women are at 40 percent increased risk for developing insomnia compared with men [1]; they have twice the risk for Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) [2]; and many sleep issues carry additional burden for women such as increased risk of depression and heart disease [3]. Nonetheless, there are gaps in our understanding of the roles of sex and gender on sleep and sleep disturbances. Sleep disorders often present with distinct sets of symptoms and patterns of co-morbidities in males and females. Emerging data also indicate that there are gender differences in responsiveness to treatments for sleep disorders. 2013 was the first time that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a sex-specific guideline for any drug when it reduced the recommended dose of zolpidem (Ambien) for treatment of insomnia in women based on research that showed women metabolize the drug half as fast as men [4]. There is a clear need to further examine the role of gender on treatment of other sleep and health disorders. To truly make an impact on women's health, scientific research and discovery must push beyond descriptive studies to uncover the fundamental causes of these differences. The Society for Women's Health Research has issued a call for an increase in clinical trials that examine sleep health among women at various hormonal stages in life and with an array of comorbid conditions [5]. Key questions include: How is sleep influenced by biology and genetics as well as women's social roles? Across the lifespan, how do changes in hormones and social roles influence sleep, and do these factors interact? How can this understanding be used to tailor specific treatments to individuals most likely to benefit and least likely to suffer harm? We propose OSA as an exemplar for a disease requiring greater "personalization," beginning with a consideration of gender differences. OSA causes breathing disturbances during sleep, which can cause surges in stress hormones and blood pressure, increasing risk for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and depression [6]. Until recently, OSA was considered to predominantly affect men. It is increasingly apparent, however, that gender differences in how symptoms are reported, and OSA screening is performed have contributed to a significant under-diagnosis of sleep apnea in women [7,8]. Unrecognition and misdiagnosis may further exacerbate an array of health problems. There are new opportunities for women to take an active role in advancing the science of sleep and ultimately improving their health and well-being. Thanks to the recent scientific and technological revolution, there are exciting opportunities for precision/personalized medicine to improve health care. President Obama outlined a ground breaking initiative appropriating $215 million to accelerate such biomedical discoveries that would provide new tools and knowledge to identify which treatments will work best for which patients based on such factors such as genetics, ancestry, and sex. There are also important efforts to improve comparative effectiveness research by focusing on patient-centered outcomes. This type of research asks: Of available treatment alternatives, which are most effective, and for which patients? The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute has established PCORnet, the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network, which engages patients, clinicians, and health systems in partnerships to develop platforms to efficiently conduct this fundamental research. Within PCORnet there a number of Patient-Powered Research Networks focused on specific health conditions such as sleep apnea that combine the knowledge and insights of patients and researchers to help guide research that identifies effective and "personalized" treatments. Network members nominate and vote on research questions and can participate in forums to discuss how such research should be conducted. Through these research communities members can identify what questions related to gender and sleep are most important and can co-develop proposals with clinicians and scientists to address these needs. It is now easier than ever for women to play an active role not only their health care but in the research that is driving the decisions behind their health care. This is ever so important in the area of sleep health where the persisting gaps in knowledge are a significant determent to women's health. MyApnea.Org already has enrolled over 2,300 members nationally. More than half the members of women, indicating the interest of women in a condition that inappropriately has been considered "male" problem. If you have been diagnosed with sleep apnea or know someone who is, encourage them to join the patient-powered research network MyApnea.Org. Your data has the power to move the dial in women's health. • 1. Zhang B, Wing YK. Sex differences in insomnia: A metaanalysis. Sleep 2006;29:85-93. • 2. Berger K, Luedemann J, Trenkwalder C, John U, Kessler C. Sex and the risk of restless legs syndrome in the general population. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:196-202. • 4. Cubala WJ, Wiglusz M, Burkiewicz A, Galuszko-Wegielnik M. Zolpidem pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in metabolic interactions involving CYP3A: Sex as a differentiating factor. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66:955; author reply 957-958. • 6. Young T, Peppard PE, Gottlieb DJ. Epidemiology of obstructive sleep apnea: a population health perspective. American Journal ofRespiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2002;165:1217-39. • 7. Kump K, Whalen C, Tishler PV, et al. Assessment of the validity and utility of a sleep-symptom questionnaire. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;150:735-741. • 8. Baldwin CM, Kapur VK, Holberg CJ, Rosen C, Nieto FJ, Sleep Heart Health Study G. Associations between gender and measures of daytime somnolence in the Sleep Heart Health Study. Sleep 2004;27:305-311.
Top 10 Facts About Napoleon Bonaparte Who Was Napoleon Bonaparte. Read 10 Unusual Facts about the Man at Who Was Napoleon Bonaparte? Top 10 Facts About Napoleon Bonaparte [schema type=”person” name=”Napoleon Bonaparte” description=”Napoleon Bonaparte one of the greatest military commanders ever. The highly celebrated yet controversial military strategist and political figure can be viewed on a scale of two extremes ranging from genius leader to delusional megalomaniac. Thousands of books have been written by historians attempting to explore his ever-changing life, status, and identity. Napoleon spent his childhood on the island of Corsica as Napoleone di Buonaparte before adopting the French-friendly name of Napoléon Bonaparte. At the ripe age of twenty-six, he became the General of the Army of Italy. By thirty-five, he had become one of the most powerful men in the world as the Emperor of the French. During his reign, Napoleon implemented remarkably liberal reforms: he abolished feudalism, gave divorce legal recognition, allowed for religious tolerance, and emphasized success based on merit rather than birth right. When his rule came to an end, Napoleon lived as a captured outlaw exiled on the island of St. Helena.” ] These broad strokes of Napoleon’s life can be gleaned from any biography, but what of the small details, the personality quirks, the misunderstandings, and legends forged and fabricated over time? From a fervent hatred of France to strange parallels with Hitler, here are the top ten things you need to know about Napoleon. 10. Napoleon Used To Really Hate France Napoleon hated France. At first. Napoleon hated France. At first. Although he would eventually become the highest-ranking official of the country, Napoleon began his life as the Corsican Napoleone di Buonaparte. He was born on August 15, 1769 in Ajaccio, the capital of the island Corsica. The year before, Corsica had just been won by the French over the Republic of Genoa. As Napoleon grew, his nation withered and suffered, oppressed by bloody French hands. Although his father adopted French customs easily, Napoleon maintained strong ties to his roots. Even though he studied in the French language, he spoke with a proud Corsican accent and spelled French words poorly. Even by the time of his death, he had a considerably weak grasp of French. Among French aristocratic children and British expats, Napoleon was the only unsophisticated Corsican boy at his school. As a young man, he described the fall of Corsica as follows: Thirty thousand Frenchmen were vomited on our shores, drowning the throne of liberty in waves of blood. Such was the odious sight which was the first to strike me. As a passionate Corsican nationalist, Napoleon fought against the French with the Corsican militia. Despite being a lieutenant in the French army, Napoleon took sick leaves just to work in the Corsican independence movement. Unfortunately, disagreements with Corsica’s governor Pasquale Paoli resulted in Napoleon’s banishment from his own home, his family deemed traitorous and condemned to never return. It wasn’t until his twenties that Napoleon adopted the French name of Napoléon Bonaparte. 9. France Isn’t So Sure How To Feel About Him, Either France has a strange relationship with Napoleon France has a strange relationship with Napoleon Napoleon conquered much of Europe as the Emperor of the French, dominating and diminishing rival nations. French history books devote at least a week to study of Napoleon in all levels of instruction. The first sentence is true, the second not so much. In fact, French views of Napoleon range from the heroic to the villainous, to dark legends of the “Corsican Ogre” to fantastical stories of an epic leader. To this day, the French are like the rest of the world: unsure of whether to compare Napoleon to great leaders of our time or horrific despots on the level of Stalin and Hitler, both of whom he has been compared to fairly or unfairly. The French do not celebrate any Napoleonic anniversaries. In Paris, there are a grand total of two statues of the conqueror. There are no large squares named after him, only one measly and narrow street, Rue Bonaparte. Why such disdain, or at the very least, ambivalence? For one, Napoleon is not a politically correct figure. Although he brought France to glory, he is also credited with its eventual occupation, domination, and detestability in the eyes of other nations. Sure, he won a lot of battles, but he lost too many. He may have become Emperor due to legitimate votes with a staggering 99.9% majority, but with that win he created an aristocracy which ultimately rejected democracy. Despite a legacy for liberal reforms, he failed to implement many of his promises, allowing the rich to avoid enlistment in the army and reintroducing slavery. Although he was charming, fascinating, and in many ways successful, not all of the French are convinced his greatness is worth celebrating. 8. Contrary To What You May Think, He Wasn’t That Short Napoleon was average height for his time. Napoleon was average height for his time. Thanks to British propaganda, many came to believe that Napoleon was a short man with a fiery temper to make up for it. Rumored to be as short as 5 ft 2 in, Napoleon was in fact as tall as 5 ft 6 in, akin to the average height at that time. His apparent shortness was a result of being surrounded by the tallest of soldiers, the Imperial Guard. Still, the height issue was so strong in the eyes of the public that a derogatory psychological condition came to be named after him: the Napoleon complex. Also known as the short man syndrome, the Napoleon complex describes the condition of short-statured men and women who act overly domineering or aggressive in order to compensate for the lack of an imposing height. People with the Napoleon complex can burst into argument, show off like male peacocks fanning their feathers, and exert excessive control over significant others and employees. The Napoleon complex can result in jealous personalities and insecurity that leads to imbalanced acts of showy narcissism. Whereas those who are tall have more attractive partners, higher rankings at work, and more children, short people are forever attempting to make up for perceived shortcomings. Although it is generally believed that Napoleon suffered from such issues, driving him to invade and conquer, most likely height had nothing to do with it. 7. Napoleon Didn’t Like His Wife’s Name. So He Changed It Napoleon simply erased his wife's given name. Napoleon simply erased his wife’s given name. Napoleon may have not had a Napoleon complex, but he did have a habit of simply changing things he didn’t like. His wife’s name, for example. Before she met Napoleon, Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie went by the name of Rose. Because Napoleon disliked the name Rose and preferred Joséphine, she adopted the new name for the rest of her life. Well, a rose by any other name. But when Joséphine failed to bear an heir, Napoleon divorced her and remarried a woman named Maria-Louisa. That name, though, would not do. Napoleon renamed Maria as well, and she became Marie Louise. Although Marie succeeded in giving birth to a boy, their son only had the chance to rule France for two weeks. Despite his domineering nature, Napoleon had many lovers in his life. He is the author of a romantic novella Clisson et Eugénie, available in all major bookstores, which lightly fictionalizes his romance with a woman he was once engaged to. He wrote in-depth love letters both romantic and lusty, this one an excerpt from a letter to his first wife: Although Napoleon had many lovers in his life, it seemed power was his closest and most loved mistress. 6. He Hardly Slept A Wink Napoleon Bonaparte was not much for sleeping Napoleon Bonaparte was not much for sleeping How much sleep do you need? Supposedly Napoleon claimed, “Six for a man, seven for a woman, and eight for a fool!” Like Benjamin Franklin, Martha Stewart, Bill Clinton and many other high-achievers, Napoleon got by on six hours or less regularly. He had a near superhuman ability to doze and wake at his own will, sometimes napping just before major battles as soundly as a baby in swaddling. According to many accounts, all he needed to be fully energized was a brief nap. Others say he often skipped nights’ worth of sleep with ease. Then again, the lack of sleep could have had other origins. What may be deemed a particularly strong ability to skip out on sleep may also be phrased as major insomnia caused by stress and too much coffee. 5. He Had A Really Pretty Pair Of Hands Napoleon had pretty, pretty hands Napoleon had pretty, pretty hands Famous portraits of Napoleon traditionally show him with his hand in his pocket. Rumors range as to why this may have been: did he have a skin disease, breast cancer or stomach ulcers, deformities to hide? In truth, this hand-in-waistcoat pose was popular in much of eighteenth-century portraiture. On the other hand, Napoleon may have been protecting his beautiful, delicate, neatly-manicured hands. According to many accounts of the ruler, Napoleon had gorgeous, near-perfect hands. Betsy Balcombe, a friend of Napoleon’s during his exile on St. Helena, described them as follows: His hand was the fattest and prettiest in the world; his knuckles dimpled like those of a baby, his fingers taper and beautifully formed, and his nails perfect. Betsy wasn’t his only admirer. His valet claimed he never wore gloves, and for good reason. His hands were absolutely perfect, in a very feminine way. Apparently, Napoleon was well-aware of just how perfect his hands were, as he was often described as openly admiring them while speaking to others, marveling at their beauty unembarrassedly. It is rumored that Napoleon considered them to be his most beautiful feature. 4. Napoleon Had A Penchant For Pinching People Napoleon was not above a little pinching. Naughty Napoleon Napoleon was not above a little pinching. Naughty Napoleon It turns out Napoleon had a special use for his pretty paws: he loved pinching people. Louis Constant Wairy, Napoleon’s valet of nearly fifteen years, wrote in-depth of Napoleon’s strange but playful habit: [H]e squeezed very roughly…he pinched hardest when he was in the best humor. Sometimes, as I was entering his room to dress him, he would rush at me like a madman, and while saluting me with his favorite greeting: ‘Eh bien, monsieur le drôle?’ would pinch both ears at once in a way to make me cry out; it was not even rare for him to add to these soft caresses one or two slaps very well laid on; I was sure then of finding him in a charming humor all the rest of the day, and full of benevolence. Roustan, and even Marshal Berthier, Prince de Neufchâtel, received their own good share of these imperial marks of affection; I have frequently seen them with their cheeks all red and their eyes almost weeping. These surprise pinches were not limited to the ears of his servants. Napoleon was also said to pinch lovers and even babies on the nose and chin. 3. He Was Superbly Superstitious Napoleon was superstitious but also a romantic. He carried a picture of his sweetie for good luck. As Baron Meneval observed in his Memories of Napoleon I, It is commonly believed that great men are superstitious. The masses are superstitious themselves, and assume that mighty deeds can be accomplished only by supernatural means; while others cannot forgive great men in their superiority, so love to ascribe to them belittling human weaknesses. Although Napoleon believed you had to be a fool to sleep in, he had no problem believing in and acting on many superstitions. True to his Corsican roots, Napoleon took stories of ghosts, vampires, and other strange creatures very seriously. He believed deeply in omens, had a nurse chant protective incantations, and carried good luck charms. Specifically, Napoleon believed his late uncle guarded over him, protecting his higher destiny. Whereas Napoleon held little awe for the Almighty, he believed firmly in the power of this guardian angel who watched him and guided him from Heaven’s clouds. Others also provided Napoleon with the good luck that guided him to victory in battle and the political sphere. He carried a mini-portrait of his wife Joséphine as his talisman, careful to keep it undamaged and intact, as a damaged photograph would bring illness and failure. He also firmly believed in the wisdom of the stars, claiming that one star in particular was his and guided him towards good luck. While the modern temptation is to consider strong superstition one of Napoleon’s weaknesses, his successes speak for themselves. Perhaps there is a reason many greats hold onto such out-there, magical beliefs. 2. He Wasn’t A Fan Of Jesus, But Religion Was Okay. Napoleon. Not a big fan of Jesus Napoleon. Not a big fan of Jesus He may have believed in a lucky star, but he didn’t put much faith in Christianity. Napoleon was baptized and raised by religious adherents. He had a special place in his heart for Catholicism due to its beautiful rituals and moral order. He even considered organized religion in general to be a practical and powerful means for control of the masses. That was where his respect for religion ended: its ability to give those who used it power and control. Deep-down, Napoleon did not believe in a God that was entrenched in the everyday life of his followers. If he believed in any god, it was a distant and cold god. As he said himself, Interestingly, Napoleon seemed to have more praise for Mohammad than for Jesus, expressing remarkably modern views on the origin of man and the realities of religious myth. In a fashion similar to Richard Dawkins’, Napoleon claimed it was difficult to believe in the divinity of Christ if it meant that philosophers such as Socrates and Plato and other religious people such as Muslims and Anglicans would be condemned to hell for choosing the “wrong” philosophy or religion. 1. He And Hitler Had More Than Military And Political Prowess In Common. Napoleon and Hitler. Kindred spirits, maybe. Napoleon and Hitler. Kindred spirits, maybe. Everett Historical / Napoleon and Hitler have been compared in book-length manuscripts. Both gained power in a time of European upheavals, taking advantage of democratic republics in order to become eventual dictators. Both invaded large portions of Europe and North Africa only to fail in invading Russia due to difficult winter conditions. Both failures were turning points which led to their demise. Napoleon was an outsider, a Corsican in France, and Hitler was an Austrian in Germany. These similarities are interesting, but it is the similarities between Napoleon and Hitler’s timelines that would make any conspiracy theorist shiver with excitement: Napoleon was born in 1760 and Hitler was born in 1889. This is a difference of 129 years. Napoleon came into power in 1804 when he became Emperor of the French. Hitler came into power in 1933 when he became the Reich Chancellor of Germany. Once again, this is a difference of 129 years. Both were forty-four years old. Later, at the age of fifty-two, they both attacked Russia in an overweening effort which would lead to their demise. Napoleon lost all power and was exiled in 1816. Hitler lost the war in 1945. Again, a difference of 129. Both were aged fifty-six. History repeats itself, sometimes very clearly. Napoleon and Hitler had a remarkably high amount of historical and personal milestones occurring parallel to one another, each with a difference of 129 years. In Conclusion The legacy of Napoleon is debated to this day, but his successes are inarguable: he won the majority of his battles and led France to dominate the European sphere for nearly twenty years. Although he began life with a different nationality, by the time of his death, Napoleon had become one of the most famous Frenchman in history. He moved from being a lowly Corsican lost and alone in France to the leader of a brilliant empire. During his career of warmongering and conquering, Bonaparte found time for numerous lovers and two wives. As the leader of the French Empire, Bonaparte took over Austria, formed numerous new alliances, fought Prussians and Russians, and organized an empire that swept across Europe. Although he fell into exile, Napoleon would go down in history: “Vive l’Empereur!” While Napoleon’s power as a leader and political poise may be debated on end, his personality and charm continue to be celebrated regardless. Napoleon’s early hatred of France reflected his will and character, his fiery nationalism, and his loyalty to himself and his people. The only way Napoleon came to be known as a short man was due to the propaganda of those against him and his decision to surround himself by the largest and most powerful soldiers. Superstition, strict routines, and an ability to skip out necessities like regular sleep all led Napoleon to glory and esteem. Regardless of how many statues France choses to install of their former leader, Napoleon remains an interesting and unique personality for those of all nations to study and enjoy.
Types of Revenue Sources for the Government Revenue is the important source of funds for the government besides income tax. These funds from different types of revenue sources help governments to run smoothly and effectively. Ir includes paying salaries to police, civil officers and other government servants. The governments have many types of revenue sources depending on factors like the geography, population, natural resources, earning potential of people, etc.. types of revenueTypes of Revenue Sources for the Government: Government has many options to earn revenue and this can be as 1. Providing certification, security of properties. Ex: registering of land, house properties, registering vehicles, providing driving licence, pollution certificates etc. 2. Providing utility services like electricity, clean roads, drinking water supply, transportation by road or rail etc. 3. By collecting taxes like house, water, agricultural land taxes etc. This is done once a year or for 6 months once. 4. Collecting tax for stalls and shops in any celebrations or functions. This a temporary revenue but yields good amount. When there is deity celebration in a village, the stall, shop keepers and hotel setters pay revenue to the government for the period of celebration only to allot proper space in the celebration premises. 5. Revenue from vegetable and other agriculture related markets. This is a continuous revenue to the government. Besides these, the governments earn a lot by income tax. This tax extends to almost any of the commodity available in market. Hence you can see that on retail price of products “inclusive of all taxes”. This means the product also carries taxes besides the rate fixed by the manufacturer. Also you might have noticed that price of some commodities vary from state to state. This is due to two taxes on the products. The two taxes are the one by central government and other by the local governments. This tax is inevitable so almost all the people in the country pay for them. 1 thought on “Types of Revenue Sources for the Government” Leave a Comment
AVR 28 Pin 20MHz 32K 6A/D - ATMega328P AVR 28 Pin 20MHz 32K 6A/D - ATMega328P Product Help and Resources Core Skill: Soldering 2 Soldering See all skill levels Core Skill: Programming 2 Programming See all skill levels Core Skill: Electrical Prototyping 2 Electrical Prototyping See all skill levels Customer Comments • What does 1.8V to 5V operating voltage mean? Does that mean that the chip is stable with an input voltage between 1.8V and 5V? If that Is true, can I safely power the chip with 4.5V (3 AA batteries) and not have a voltage regulator? Thanks in advance, -Rohan • Yes, the chip is stable at 1.8V to 5V although faster speeds may not work at lower voltages (see datasheet). You should be able to safely power the chip with 4.5V, although a few words of caution. First is you don't want a power supply with spikes in it as that might damage the chip. AA batteries really shouldn't have spikes, but this is a general rule when choosing not to use a regulator. Second Alkaline AAs are 1.5V, but rechargeables are usually 1.2V meaning your total voltage on the chip would be 3.6V. The microcontroller will be fine with this, but make sure any peripherals, this will in theory limit the speed you can run the microcontroller although we often run this chip at 3.3V/16MHz even though that is outside of spec. • Hey! Can somebody tell me how those chips are programmed? For instance, what would be the program to make it work as a controller for light diodes in this SparkFun kit: https://www.sparkfun.com/products/13708 I know it might be a lengthy subject, but maybe a short intro or a link to where I can read about those stuff? • The short answer is to use an Arduino. The Arduino Uno is basically a development board for this chip providing you with things like a clock crystal, reset button, power regulation, and USB to serial adapter. But assuming you are using your own custom board, or putting that all on a breadboard or proto board the Arduino IDE is probably the easiest place to start. There is tons of example code for Arduino including example code for many of our boards. In fact the Simon kit you linked to actually uses this chip while running Arduino code. Arduino is a hard concept to explain because there are so many parts. There are the Arduino boards (and their clones) like the Arduino Uno(and the SparkFun Redboard) which provide you with the chip as well as supporting circuitry. There is the bootloader which is a piece of code that allows the chip to be easily programmed over serial instead of with a special programmer. Then there is the Arduino IDE which is a software development environment designed to make programming easier. Because the whole thing is open source you can put a copy of the bootloader on this chip if you want, and you can use the Arduino IDE whether or not you use the bootloader. In order to learn how to code in Arduino, we recommend the SparkFun Inventor's Kit, you can also check out the manual online if you don't want to buy the kit. The first few lessons are on how to blink and control LEDs which seems to be what you are looking for. You can also check out the code on the Simon Kit which you linked to since that is also written in the Arduino IDE. I've also included a few links for you to check out below, and if you have any other questions feel free to email our techsupport team at techsupport@sparkfun.com. What is an Arduino Installing the Arduino IDE Installing the Arduino booloader (or other code) • What is the difference between ATMega328 and ATMega328p? What does the "p" mean? • To clarify, the P means support for picoPower. Searching the datasheet for that term will help clear up a little more what the differences are. • with the picoPower you can decrease the power need by the mcu during some of the sleeping modes (it deactivates the power supply monitoring). It is a deliberate action so if you don't use it the won't change anything. • Does the Atmega328 without the "p" support Avrdude SPI? i don't see this part listed on the support device list. • Double the ram (2k), and eeprom (1k), as well. • Does this come pre-loaded with the bootloader??? • This does not come pre-loaded with any bootloader or software. We do sell this chip with the Optiboot bootloader as well. This is the same bootloader used on the Arduino Uno and the Redboard. If you are looking for a different bootloader you would need to install it yourself. • Once already programmed with a sketch, do I still need the external 16mhz crystal for the standalone atmega328p to run normally? • A bit late, but worthy of an answer. The ATMega328 has a built in 8MHz clock, you can use this clock at 8MHz, or divide by 2 or 8 and run it at 4MHz or 1MHz. Or you can use an external crystal (I believe up to 20MHz) which is much more accurate. The fuse bits are what controls whether you are using the internal clock or an external crystal, they also control whether you are dividing that clock or not. The chip does need to be configured to use a clock, and if it is set to use an external crystal and one is not there it will not work. But if you change the fuse bits to use the internal clock it will work. Keep in mind that your code is compiled knowing what clock speed you are using. If that clock speed changes all the timing will change (SPI, I2C, UART, PWM, delay, etc.), so your code may or may not work right. • Does this come pre-loaded with the bootloader? • Product Card: http://www.atmel.com/devices/ATMEGA328P.aspx • Has anyone used this as the main cpu in one of their projects? I need a Cpu capable of running a whole slew of motor controllers, other little Cpus and gadgets and gizmos. I need it to handle Gps as well. Would this work or should I wait for a different one to come along? Thanks, Eddie D. • Propeller is good choice when doing lots of tasks at once: set each of eight cores doing a few tasks and don't worry about interrupts or other timing problems. Use C language and there is a good tutorial. Lots of objects/libraries for motor control, GPS, comm with other chips, etc. http://www.parallax.com/microcontrollers/propeller good fast tutorial: http://learn.parallax.com/propellerc • These AVR processors are outdated for most robotics applications. I mean, these specs are 1990's vintage, at the same price as a much more powerful ARM chip! It amuses me to no end every time someone tries to strap these to a multicopter and try and hack it into doing advanced flight calculations. If I were you, I'd snag the Maple or the Maple Mini for the application you described - it has multiple hardware UARTs, i2c and SPI ports that can run at the fastest bauds you could ever want; ideal for communicating with GPS modules at the same time you're talking to other widgets and gizmos. = yes, I know the Maple is more expensive than this chip, but compare one to a full, store-bought Arduino... • Figured I would give my two cents on this processor. I have an Arduino Mega and wanted to move out of using it for projects. This seemed like a good start for using something that you can program in actual C and it is much smaller than the Arduino Mega. I hit some small snags with trying to interface to it. I used my Arduino Mega as an ISP, which probably makes things a bit more complicated than just using an actual AVR programmer. Will see how the processor holds up after it has been used for a while. So far processor has performed as expected. • Hello! Please, answer: what difference with using other crystal? For example 16MHz? Can this make some internal errors, or this just make this chip slowly??? • Somebody, please answer! ) • 20MHz is the maximum recommended speed., but you can always make these chips run more slowly. Around here we typically run these at 16MHz on 5V, or 8MHz on 3.3V. The slower you clock it, the less power it will use and it will run on lower voltage. • Well it depends. Do you mean using this crystal with a 328 with the arduino boot loader on it or just a raw 328? If its the former, you'll need to tweak some settings but it can be done. A Google search for running Arduino on a 16Mhz crystal should give you the info you need.So long as the chip is configured properly for that clock frequency, it should run without a noticeable drop in speed. If I'm wrong, someone please correct me. If its the latter, sure, the chip will run "slowly" (depends on what you're comparing it against though), but 16Mhz is a good frequency for a great many number of things. Depends on your specific use case. • Hi! I have arduino uno, can i upload the code using arduino to a ATMEGA328p chip?? thank you! marC:) • Atmel says these have 8 A/D lines. • I bought 5 of these chip to reprogram it using my Arduino as ISP. I try to burn bootloader with my MEGA 2560 and my UNO with no success. I always have this error: avrdude: Device signature = 0x000000 avrdude: Yikes! Invalid device signature. Double check connections and try again, or use -F to override this check. I'm sure i plugged it correctly. I put a capacitor between reset and GND too. What is the problem? • I had this problem for a long time. Mine was fixed by pressing reset on my uno before burning the chips (after placing the capacitor). Also one of the chips I received from SF was bad. (I know this is an old post, but if it helps others its worth it) • Can anyone say what are the LOW and HIGH fuse values for Atmega328p to operate at 20MHz WITHOUT bootloader, When I read the fuse from Arduino UNO it showed as LOW FUSE=0xFF HIGH FUSE=0xDE these are the values for supporting bootloader. • Oops. Double post :( • Nice chip. I just burnt the Arduino bootloader onto it using another Arduino board as ISP. • Is this a drop in for the mega168? I can't find any eagle libraries that have this part and I've been scouring for at least two hours. The Sparkfun library does have a 168 in both TQFP and MLF packages though. If they are a direct replacement/drop in and the foot print is the same I will use that when I design the board. I really don't want to have to make my own since I plan on fab'ing these boards and I really don't want to spend 50 bucks on a couple of worthless coasters when I do my first run. • Try the MEGA8-P in the Atmel library. It should have the same pinout as the 328, but (always!) double-check against the 328 datasheet to be sure. • I am a beginner and bought the arduino Uno as well as an extra one of these to use with the board. Is it possible to program this Microcontroller using the UNO then remove it placing it on a breadboard to carry out pre programmed code independant of the board ? • So no arduino boot loader? • You can program one in C that does have the bootloader installed using the arduino IDE, or you can use AVR Studio (or whatever prefered IDE), AVRDUDE, and a command line workaround. There's a good tutorial for that here. If you reset the arduino right after starting AVRDUDE, you'll access the bootloader at just the right time and program your .hex file instead of whatever the bootloader would normally do. Your bootloader is necessary to program over the integrated USB/Serial connections on the board, but this is your best bet if you don't want to buy more hardware. • I'm completely lost trying to get the Arduino bootloader on this. I've read about assembling a circuit with the crystal, setting 'fuses', I tried using an Duemilenove with an atmega168 and arduinoISP, still, Even though it says the bootloader was uploaded, when I take it out of the breadboard and insert it into my duemilenove, it won't upload any sketches. Only says stk500 programmer not responding. I'm willing to buy a header/programmer/whatever, this is frustrating. Help? Anyone? Bueller?? • I got three of these controllers from here. It's hell of mess. I am trying to use external occilator, the fuse settings i set are LB,HB,EB are FF,D9,FF. But its is freaking me out. I am totally disappointed. The controller is not picking up the clock. I tried every possible way. Then i soldered Crystal directly on this chip on 9 and 10 pin. It started working. But for rest of two controllers shill don't show any sign to pick up clock. I got alot of other contrllers of atmega i locally buyed from my country. all of them worked perfectly, but specifically buying from Sparkfun is really bad experince for me :@ :@ :@ :@ • Make sure you have the loading caps (22pF) installed also. This could be your problem. • does anyone know what the difference is between the atmega328 and the atmega328p? I've seen them at about a $1 difference per IC • Noob question: Can this chip also read serial data that is sent at a diferent frequency than itself (for example 16Mhz)? If yes, also at a higher speed than 20Mhz? • Technically the fastest your bandwidth can go is half the frequency due to Nyquist cutoff. Since the Nyquist frequency is half the sampling rate (and you can't sample faster than the oscillator oscillates) then the best you can get is half your clock frequency. That being said, you can do nothing else in that time but sample. If you need to do any other operations your sampling frequency will drop and your Nyquist cutoff will drop as well. Sampling at double the expected rate is necessary to avoid aliasing. Check it all out here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyquist_frequency • It can read the serial data of any other chip as long as the baud rates are the same. All the serial cares about is the baud, not the hertz of the chips. I think 20MHz is the fastest it "can" go, but I think hackaday did some overclocking with this chip... not sure. • Is it possible to program this with an arduino uno, or is the bootloader required for that? Would this: http://www.sparkfun.com/products/9825 be what I need to burn in the bootloader myself? • Does anyone get this chip work under 3.3V? I can only get it work under 5V 16MHz using Arduino IDE. • I had just recently purchased this, and the one I received was the ATmega328P. If you send an e-mail to customer service, they can probably confirm this for you. • dang it they went all out when i was waiting for other stuff to be in stock... such is life • Any idea when these will be back in stock? edit: Back in stock as of possibly 1.17.11 (yay!) edit edit: all gone :( sheesh people! they lasted all of one day! edit edit edit: back in stock as of 1.20.11. Lets hope the 200 will last longer than the 700some others... (re-yay!) • Could anyone please confirm that these chips use factory default fuse settings? I'm having an unusually hard time programming them with my usual setup (ArduinoISP), with which I've easily programmed the similar 168 from other vendors in the past. • Were you able to program these using that method? • Yes - no problem at all. Turns out the chip was accidentally fused and programmed for Arduino. I placed it into my Arduino's socket and was able to re-fuse it to require no crystals (using FTDI bit-banging) and then program it through ArduinoISP using my 'duino's original Atmega328. You can also fix this using a breadboard and a crystal or resonator. • Now available! I <3 SFE!! • Too bad the raw chips are unavailable, but the programmed ones ARE available...:( • This chip is pretty awesome! I bought an Arduino as well as one of these. It comes set for the internal oscillator so all you have to do is throw it on a breadboard, feed it 5 volts, and hook up a programmer. You can program it using an Arduino using "Mega-ISP" (which emulates an AVRISP programmer with an arduino, just have to connect some Arduino pins to the 328's programming pins and use avrdude to write code to it). I also built a cheap "dapa" parallel programmer with around $5 worth of RadioShack parts that works fine. Flashing the bootloader to use this with an Arduino can be accomplished using any programmer (including the Arduino running Mega-ISP) so if you have a working Arduino you can save a bit and flash it yourself. • Does this have the arduino bootloader installed like the 168 does? If not could I request that you guys fork this product to have one with the arduino bootloader preinstalled? • Guys what are the fuse settings ?? I got 2, neither work in my stk500 • How can I get one or three with a bootloader installed? • This looks interesting too bad they didn't have a higher speed one I am wondering if my sensors hooked to the arduino might not be able to be shoveled to the usb port fast enough... • Does it work with the Arduino? • I am not going to laugh, just to be considerate, but YES. this is the chip that is on the arduino, you could unplug the chip on your arduino and plug this one in. • Actually, it needs to be bootloaded before it will work with the arduino. And please don't be so rude to people - especially since the comment is almost two years old and that was back when all arduinos were shipped with atmega168's rather than the 328 sold here. But yes, they can be made to be arduino-compatible. • i fried my 328 in my duemilanove and i went on here to order a new on and they stop selling duemilanoves. so i searched atmega328 and the only chip i got in my results was the atmega328 with optiboot for uno. i already ordered that chip and today i came across this and now im worndering if the chip i ordered is going to work? does it matter which atmega328 i use, as long as the bootloader is correct? • Try adding this to /hardware/arduino/boards.txt I attempted to combine the entries for the duemilanove and uno. It should then show up in the tools->boards menu. concoction.name=Arduino Duemilanove w/ Optiboot Bootloader • You can always burn a new bootloader as well. I breadboard these guys all the time. Just pick the right target board (if using 1.0 you can pick Duemilanove w/ATMega328). You can use either an ISP or another arduino board as an ISP to burn the bootloader (the latter is a good option if you don't have an ISP already). You can get an AVR MkII ISP for about 30 bucks. The bootloader and wiring-based language are a construct of the arduino environment. The wiring-based language just abstracts the hardware and pin outs of the devices, nothing more. You can still drop to bare metal whenever you need to, such as burning a new bootloader. • To help build your confidence/comfort level, you might want to try picking up an Ardweeny kit for about $10 (http://www.diybin.com/products/Solarbotics-Ardweeny.html). You will have to spend another $14 on an FTDI (http://www.diybin.com/products/DFRobot-FTDI-Basic-Breakout-3.3-5V.html), which brings the total up to about the cost of an Ardunio on sale. But the FTDI is a one-time purchase - in the future all you'll need to buy is the Ardweeny. In fact, once you've seen the schematic for the Ardweeny, you'll probably just want buy the parts and assemble your own - that will lower the price to about $7 per project. At that point, you'll probably start buying in bulk to save on shipping! • There are many instrucables and kits that accomplish this goal. All you need are the schematics and the right parts. Kinda on a time crunch for the Superbowl, but Google it yourself for some links and you will be very happy. :) Customer Reviews 4.7 out of 5 Based on 3 ratings: Currently viewing all customer reviews. Its the core of the Uno I configured mine to run with 8MHz crystals because I have too many. No problems at all. Can also be set to use no crystal. Works as expected and is very forgiving. As the title says, not only did it work as expected, but it is also decently forgiving if you happen to wire things up wrong. Not sure how to program it I put it in my Arduino Uno but it's not working. Maybe it doesn't work with Arduino Uno so this is not a negative review more of a precaution. This is the bare chip without the Arduino bootloader on it. Check out this tutorial which goes over installing a bootloader on a board or chip as well as programming a bare chip (it is the same process for the most part as the bootloader is just a program).
I am trying to understand what nominalism is? Nominalism is the view that everything that exists is particular. Thus there is no property of being red that all red things share (though there is the word 'red' that we apply to various things). Read another response by Peter Lipton Read another response about Existence
Bluebulb Projects presents: The Measure of Things Logo Enter a measurement to see comparisons 1,627 nails is about nine-tenths as long as a Football (Soccer) Pitch. In other words, it's 0.8860 times the length of a Football (Soccer) Pitch, and the length of a Football (Soccer) Pitch is 1.130 times that amount. According to the Laws of the Game, a football pitch should measure between 1,840 nails (when the Laws were originally, they used imperial measurements of 1,840 nails, and later converted to the metric units used today). The goal markess were defined as part of the pitch by the original rules of the game in the late 16th century, but it was not until the mid 19th century that the crossbar and the net were added There's more! Click here to see how other things compare to 1,627 nails...
Skip Nav Essay writing guide Using Term Paper ❶Descriptive or explanatory paragraphs following the introduction, setting the background or theme. Understanding What is a Term Paper What is a term paper? New Questions About Term Paper Post navigation It may be that you've been asked to write your first term paper and you're not sure where to start, or you've not studied for a while and you can't remember how best to approach the task. Alternatively, you may already be good at writing term papers but in need of a plan to speed up the process, advice on how to improve your writing skills or polish an existing piece of work. Whatever your reason for looking for information on term papers, we have put together a comprehensive set of instructions which, if followed, make writing a good term paper a simple and formulaic process. You'll find that sometimes your university gives you the term paper title. In that case, you can skip this section and move on to the next stage of researching and gathering information for your term paper. If you don't yet have a title, consider this: How many professional research papers have you come across in the course of your studies entitled 'Philosophy'.. Indeed, these are topics but they are just not specific enough to get a decent grade. If you want to write a good term paper, the best advice is to pose a question for your title and make sure you answer it. So how do you come up with a good question? Let's take the criminology subject of 'restorative justice' as an example. This means that rather sending people to prison, we look for ways they can 'make amends'. It's a subject on which there is a great deal of debate so it should give us some good results. You want to base your term paper on something that interests people. Current issues and debates interest people. So let's look on CNN and see what current debates have been raised about restorative justice. We get three results, two of which don't seem to relate to restorative justice and one that most definitely does. This is a great start - you could pose various questions for your term paper from this. Another place to generate ideas for a term paper title is Google itself. A quick search for the term 'restorative justice' reveals a host of information sites that will be rich in news, articles, debates and current developments - and therefore, ideas for your term paper. As a term paper is usually the result of a term's worth of research, with any luck you'll have a good collection of notes and information at your disposal. Unfortunately, not all students are this well organized! So if you haven't already done your term paper research, where do you find the sort of source material that's going to get you an A grade? Libraries are a thing of the past - the Internet is your new best friend. Most universities will give you an 'athens' password which is a magical key unlocking thousands of research databases all over the world. An amazing list of these sources can be found here:. Open University Web Resources. When you've gathered together a good selection of information, make sure you then evaluate the quality of it - unless the source material for the term paper topic you have chosen is sparse, you'll need to decide what to include and what not to include in your term paper. You'll be able to further sift through and sort your findings when you create an outline later - at which point you'll be looking for material to deal with specific points in your term paper. So you've got a title for your term paper and you've got some relevant research material that will help you build some arguments and indeed, support them in your term paper. As mentioned previously, one of the best ways to learn how to write a term paper worthy of a passing grade comes from researching and reviewing previously written term papers that received high marks. Several colleges and universities make submissions from their top students available online. Here are a few examples:. In many cases, the topic you are required to write about will be chosen by the professor. However, there will be times when you are asked to choose your own research topic. The most important thing to remember is to keep it relevant to your course study, wherever possible, pick a topic that interests you — or something that you genuinely want to know more about — this will increase the chances that you will remain engaged and eager to write a solid paper with lots of substance. Need Help With Essay Writing? Our company offers the best essay writing service on the web and is always ready to help with your task! All our writers hold either a college or a PhD degree and are well experienced in writing all kinds of essays. Simply click the button to get help! By clicking "Log In", you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy. We'll occasionally send you account related and promo emails. Once you've decided on a topic, be sure to hone down it to a do-able topic; often a topic is initially too broad in its coverage, which will make it impossible to complete within the time and space constraints given. Narrow down your topic to something that can really be worked within the boundaries of the paper. If the topic is already chosen for you, start exploring unique angles that can set your content and information apart from the more obvious approaches many others will probably take. Finally, whatever angle your topic takes, it should be both original in approach and insightful, something the reader will be drawn into and fascinated by. Take great care not to choose a topic and be so set on how you see the outcome of your paper that you're closed to new ideas and avenues of thinking as you work through the paper. This is known in academia as "premature cognitive commitment". It can mar an otherwise good paper because an outcome that is pre-determined in your head, regardless of the research findings along the way, will be molded to fit the outcome, rather than the outcome reflecting a genuine analysis of the discoveries made. Instead, ask continuous questions about the topic at each stage of your research and writing and see the topic in terms of a " hypothesis " rather than as a conclusion. In this way, you'll be prepared to be challenged and to even have your opinion changed as you work through the paper. Reading other people's comments, opinions and entries on a topic can often help you to refine your own, especially where they comment that "further research" is required or where they posit challenging questions but leave them unanswered. For some more help, see How to establish a research topic. It's pointless to launch into writing before you've done the research. You need to understand the background to the topic and the current thinking, as well as finding out what future research is considered necessary in the area. While it may be tempting to rehash information you already know really well, avoid doing this or you learn nothing from the research and writing process. Go into research with a sense of adventure and an openness to learning things you've yet to grasp, as well as being ready to discover new ways of looking at old problems. When researching, use both primary original text, document, legal case, interviews, experiment, etc. There is also a place for discussing with like-minded students and even finding online discussions about the topic if you feel comfortable doing this but these discussions are for idea-sharing and helping you to gel your ideas and are not usually quotable sources. For more information, here are some helpful resources to check out: How to research a paper. How to take notes , How to take better notes , How to take notes from a textbook , How to take notes on a book and How to take Cornell notes. Refine your thesis statement. After you've done the research, reflect back over the chosen topic. At this point, it's essential to pinpoint the single, strong idea you'll be discussing, your assertion that you believe you can defend throughout the paper and that makes it clear to a reader what they're about to learn about and be given a sound conclusion on. Your thesis statement is the spine of your essay, the idea that you'll go on to defend in the paragraphs that follow. Serve it up half-baked and the remainder of the paper is bound to be flavorless. Construct a thesis that your research has proven is interesting to you — that way, backing it up won't be such a bore. Once you're satisfied that your topic is sound and clarified, proceed to writing your first draft. Remember that the research doesn't stop here. And nor does the thesis statement, necessarily. Allow room for flexibility as you continue working through both the research and the writing, as you may wish to make changes that align with the ideas forming in your mind and the discoveries you continue to unearth. On the other hand, do be careful not to be a continuous seeker who never alights upon a single idea for fear of confinement. At some point you are going to have to say: Develop an outline for the paper. Some people can work on a term paper skipping this step; they're a rare and often time-pressed breed. It is far better to have an outline sketched out so that you know where you're headed, just as a road map helps you to know where you're going from A to B. Like the entire paper, the outline is not set in stone but subject to changes. However, it does give you a sense of structure and a framework to fall back on when you lose your way mid paper and it also serves as the skeleton of your paper, and the rest is just filling in the details. There are different approaches to developing an outline and you may even have your own personal, preferred method. As a general guidance, some of the basic elements of an outline should include: Descriptive or explanatory paragraphs following the introduction, setting the background or theme. Using your research, write out the main idea for each body paragraph. Any outstanding questions or points you're not yet sure about. See How to write an outline for more details. Make your point in the introduction. The introductory paragraph is challenging but avoid turning it into a hurdle. Of all the paper, this is the part often most likely to be rewritten as you continue working through the paper and experience changes of direction, flow and outcome. As such, see it as simply a means of getting started and remind yourself that it's always revisable. This approach allows you the freedom to mess it up but rectify it as needed. Also use this as an opportunity to help yourself come to grips with the general organization of the term paper by explaining the breakdown, something the reader will also need to be aware of from the start. I ntroduce your topic. Be succinct, clear and straightforward. Simple Steps of How to Write a Term Paper Main Topics Privacy Policy How To Write A Term Paper. This guide covers what a term paper is, how to form a title for your term paper, how to decide what to put in your paper, how to conclude your paper and even how to reference your paper correctly. Privacy FAQs Learn how to write a Term Paper with our Ultimate Guide. Follow every step to submit the paper that would stun your professor! About Our Ads Dec 22, · How to Write a Term Paper. Two Methods: Sample Papers Writing Your Own Term Paper Community Q&A. beyond the purview of this brief guide). The best essays are like grass court tennis – the argument should flow in a "rally" style, building persuasively to the conclusion%(11). Writing a term paper worthy of a high grade requires much more than a few research hours and some words on a paper. Time, planning, above-average writing skill, these are just a few of the things needed to create a noteworthy paper. Cookie Info GUIDE TO TERM PAPER WRITING GOAL. Imagine you wish to describe a controversy surrounding a particular topic within some field of computers, and their effects on society, to a person who has no preliminary knowledge of what you wish to discuss. Syllabus Supplement. Term Paper Guide. The Term Paper must meet the following requirements. Minimum length is 3, words. The topic will be a philosopher from among a posted list of living philosophers. You may pick your favorite from this list or if you wish I will assign one for you based on your interests. You can research aspects of the.
Welcome to Kuwait Allergy website where you can find out many information concerning your allergic disease given to you in a simple, non-medical language. Air Pollution in Kuwait, & Relation to Allergies Air Pollution in Kuwait, & Relation to AllergiesAir pollution consists of both gaseous and particulate-matter pollutants. The former includes nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The latter includes particulate matter of varying aerodynamic diameter. Recent interest has focused on Particulate matters of 0.1 (PM₀.₁), or so called ultra-fine particles. These particles have a higher carbon content, larger total surface area, and greater potential for carrying toxic compounds. Because of their small size, these particles can be inhaled deeply into the lungs and deposited in the alveoli. Air pollution has been linked to many adverse health problems. Short term exposure exacerbates existing pulmonary and cardiovascular disease and increases the need for medical attention, and death. Long-term exposure increases the cumulative risk of chronic pulmonary and cardiovascular disease and death. The increase of the allergic diseases has occurred in parallel with the increased use of fossil fuels. Air pollutants seem to have no causal connection with the increased occurrence of allergic diseases. For example, the prevalence of allergic diseases is very high in New Zealand, where the air is very clean and clear. Allergic diseases are also more common in Western than Eastern Europe, although air pollution is much greater in the East than in the West. A relative loss of some environmental protective factor or factors that were common in pre industrial times could explain the increase in the prevalence of the allergic diseases. Diesel particles have also been shown to stimulate the gene expression and the predisposition of allergic state in exposed individuals. However, no convincing epidemiological data have established that causally related to the increasing allergy problem In certain parts of developed countries, agencies were created to monitor such pollution. Also, over the years, strategies including emission-control strategies for vehicles, the use of cleaner burning fuels, and the elimination of gross pollution sources such as some incinerators and others, have helped improving air quality. This situation is far from occurring in Kuwait for many reasons, including: 1. The steady increase of vehicles, heavy machineries & factories in a very small spot of the country. 2. The fixed area of residence that had not changed significantly since the new Kuwait was found. 3. Proximity of residential areas with few of the biggest oil fields in the world, major source of pollution in the area, yet the main source of income for the country. 4. Proximity of the area to major pollutants from warheads used for ongoing conflict in the surrounding region. Effects of which are yet to be discovered. 5. Lack of obvious local regulations for inspecting the gases omitted from vehicles, factories, and other sources. 6. Moreover, the frequent hazards occurring from major malfunction in the oil refineries, storages, etc. These are some of the problems we face in Kuwait with regards to pollution. Although i am sure the health impacts of the above mentioned factors are many, it's only a matter of short time before we start to see clear evidence for such acts.
Planning and problem solving definition, additional... When testing their hypotheses, participants tended to only create additional triplets of numbers that would confirm their hypotheses, and tended not to create triplets that would negate or disprove their hypotheses. Where is it happening? Therefore, it is often necessary for people to move beyond their mental sets in order to find solutions. Step 2 Determine the Root Cause — During this process, assumptions are uncovered and underlying problems are further revealed. Step One: Define the Problem It may sample of cover letter for administrative assistant position with no experience helpful at this point to use a variety of research methods. The Six Step Problem Solving Model All problems have two features in common: Some of the students solved the puzzle by reflecting on their dreams. Develop an orderly implementation plan to implement that best alternative. These tiny movements happen without the solver knowing. You'll get our 5 free 'One Minute Life Skills' We'll never share your email address and you can unsubscribe at any time. Problem Solving and Decision Making (Solving Problems and Making Decisions) Overall, the Six Step method is a simple and reliable way to solve a problem. Elias Howeinventor of the sewing online creative writing diploma, figured out the structure of the bobbin from a dream. Are there sufficient resources to accomplish the plan on schedule? 3rd grade winter homework packet planning and problem solving definition A barrier to this may be that you have no food available - so you take a trip to the supermarket and buy some food, removing the barrier and thus planning and problem solving definition the problem. Monitor implementation of the plan Monitor the indicators of success: Functional fixedness can affect problem solvers in at least two particular ways. homework help river nile planning and problem solving definition This particular phenomenon occurs when the subject, trying to solve the problem subconsciously, places boundaries on the task at hand, which in turn forces him or her to strain to be more innovative in their thinking. Acceptance by the people who will use and implement the solution is key to success. In a group situation this stage is often carried out as a brain-storming session, letting each person in the group express their views on possible solutions or part solutions. Analyzing the Solutions This section of the problem solving process is where you investigate the various factors about each of the potential solutions. What is problem solving? definition and meaning - Interpersonal relationships fail and businesses fail because of poor problem solving. The big college essay heading of the clock was on the number six. 1. Problem Solving Skills \| SkillsYouNeed 2. See our page on Creative Thinking for more information. Dement told his undergraduate class of students that he wanted them to think about an infinite series, whose first elements were OTTFF, to see if they could planning and problem solving definition the principle behind it and to say what the next elements of the series would be. A few minutes of struggling over a problem can bring these sudden insights, where the solver quickly sees the solution clearly. The two approaches share an emphasis on relatively complex, semantically rich, computerized laboratory tasks, constructed to resemble real-life problems. Verifying your understanding of the problems: This stage ensures that the valuable thinking that has gone into solving the problem becomes reality. Should more priority be placed on various aspects of the plan? It helps a great deal to verify your problem analysis for conferring with a peer or someone else. The Six Step Problem Solving Model For more details on the stages of problem solving continue to Identifying and Structuring Problems. This series of Next Steps is the logical step to physically solving the problem. This is very common, but the most well-known example of this barrier making itself present is in the famous example of the dot problem. Did this process address the findings that came out of the assumptions? Who will primarily be responsible for ensuring implementation of the plan? See Decision Making for more. collections manager cover letter planning and problem solving definition Yet of the people who had dreams that apparently solved the problem, only seven were actually able to consciously know the solution. Step Five: Effective groups designate feedback mechanisms to detect if the project is going off course. Stages of Problem Solving Talking to others about problems is not only therapeutic but can help you see things from a different point of view, opening up more potential solutions. Implement the Solution Once the solution has been chosen, initial project planning begins and establishes: What is essay on flood in chennai 2019 Problem? planning and problem solving definition columbia university creative writing masters program To be an effective manager, you need to address issues more than people. You could see it move up, number by number, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve. Navigation menu In more technical terms, these researchers explained that "[s]ubjects become "fixed" on the design function of the objects, and problem solving suffers relative to control conditions in which the object's function is not demonstrated. Write a schedule that includes the start and stop times, and when you expect to see certain indicators of success. world history essay topic planning and problem solving definition Sometimes pure facts and figures dictate which planning and problem solving definition will work and which will not. Can adapt to conditions as they evolve and change? The Problem Solving Process Then when the insight is realized fully, the "aha" moment happens for the subject. Intuition is used when no new knowledge is needed - you know enough to be able to make a quick decision and solve the problem, or online creative writing diploma use common sense or experience to solve the problem. • Social Problem-Solving Everybody can benefit from having good problem solving skills as we all encounter problems on a daily basis. • Nickerson argued that those who killed people accused of witchcraft demonstrated confirmation bias with motivation. Problem solving and decision making are closely related skills, and making a decision is an important part of the problem solving process as you will often be faced with various options and alternatives. Important problems deserve more attention. planning and problem solving definition what is a thesis defense These barriers prevent people from solving problems in the most efficient manner possible. Stages of Problem Solving Effective problem solving usually involves working through a number essay on flood in chennai 2019 steps or stages, such as those outlined below. The Concise Oxford Dictionary defines a problem as: Unnecessary constraints[ edit ] Unnecessary constraints are another very common barrier that people face while attempting to problem-solve. How can the problem be best defined? You may find our Risk Management page useful. Therefore, it is often necessary for people to move beyond their mental sets in order to find solutions. They also ensure the project is not introducing new problems. Merely writing down the problem forces you to think about what you are actually trying to solve and how much you want to achieve. Therefore, you might substitute "problem" for "opportunity" in the following guidelines. Some solutions may not be possible, due to other problems like time constraints or budgets. However, the steps are repeatable. However you might discover that by writing down its advantages that it has a totally unique advantage. The approaches differ somewhat in their theoretical goals and methodology, however. At this stage you should concentrate on generating many solutions and should not evaluate them at all. I stared at the empty frames with a peculiar feeling that some mystery was about to be solved. This is where the previous steps come into play. planning and problem solving definition phd research proposal on smes Which solution is favoured? Define the problem: This example is made much easier to understand when the paragraph is represented visually. Main article:
Healthy Life Tips Achieve Perfect Health for Your Life My mother tells me about government data recovery on the resource. Apples, Fruit Most Polluted Pesticides Apples to three rows from last year, replacing the previous celery ranks first and is now in the second. Almost 92 percent of the block contains two or more pesticides. “Maybe Apple are pesticides and pesticides, fungi more for these fruits can be kept much longer,” said EWG analyst Sonya Lunder.”Pesticides can be in small amounts, but do not yet know if long-term effects,” he continued. Meanwhile, the strawberries in the number 3 and imported wines in the seventh. On the other hand, the onions in the produce of the more “clean” with the minimum amount of pesticides. Agricultural products are included in the list of the 12 most polluted is the apple, celery, strawberries, peaches (peaches), spinach, nectarines (U.S. local fruit), wine, pepper, potatoes , blueberries, lettuce and kale. This ranking shows the amount of chemicals in food. Most of the food products studied have been washed and peeled before.Wash fruits and vegetables by washing the product was not powerful enough to eliminate chemical pesticides, since it is absorbed by plants and is under the skin of the fruit. Eat five fruits and vegetables from contaminated group average exposure to 14 types of pesticides. For those who can not afford to buy organic, Ken Cook, president of EWG, suggests that the choice of other fruit as an alternative.”You can not buy organic apples, picking pineapples, avocados or mangos. The fruit is the best score of the slightest contamination of the fruit,” he said. Fruits are classified as clean-containing pesticides is less than 10 percent. Plants belonging to this group include asparagus, corn and onion. Here is the order of 15 pieces of network groups in the order, ie, onions, corn, pineapple, avocado, asparagus, peas, mango, eggplant, melon, kiwi, cabbage, potatoes, watermelon, sweet grapefruit, and fungi. Exposure to pesticides in food diasup known to be toxic to the nervous system, cause cancer, disrupt the hormone system and cause brain disorders in children. Pregnant women are advised to avoid foods that are contaminated with pesticides. The research team from the Harvard School of Public Health show that children exposed to pesticides had an increased risk of hyperactivity (ADHD). Related posts: 1. Cholesterol Damping With Grain Apples 2. Shape Your Body Pears or Apples? 3. Healthy Food for Your Sex 4. Chemicals threaten reproductive organs 5. 7 Reasons Why So Vegetarian Category: Uncategorized
Haiti: Department Profile, Sud Created: 20/10/2016 + Hazard profile: Sud is prone to natural disaster and has limited disaster risk reduction mechanisms. Exposure and vulnerability to hurricanes, floods, droughts, earthquakes are elevated compared even to the rest of Haiti. Societies and communities: 775,000 people live in 18 communes. Settlements are concentrated on the coast, while population density is lower in the mountainous interior. Economy: Over half the population lives in the bottom two quintiles of socio-economic well-being. Key economic activities include agriculture, fishing and animal husbandry.
If You Read One Article About Resources, Read This One February 19, 2019 Personal Product & Services Importance of Cannabidiol Marijuana is also known as bhang although it has other names such as hemp. Marijuana is a plant which grows in the tropics and can be used for both recreational and medical purposes. Cannabis sativa has leaves which have edges which look like a saw and it is green in color. The relieving effect of bhang makes it effective in being used for recreational purposes. Cannabidiol which is obtained from cannabis is used for medical purposes and it is known as medical marijuana. Cannabidiol is the major component in a cannabis plant and has many ways of consumption such as chewing, injecting, applying on the skin and smoking. Below are some importance of cannabidiol which is known as medical marijuana. Medical marijuana is effective in reducing pain. Medical marijuana has a relieving effect and this is why it is used by medical professionals while doing painful procedures such as surgery. The reason why cannabidiol is used as anesthesia is that it has the ability to get in the brain and interact with the brain receptors. Other than pain, cannabidiol is effective in reducing stress. The people who discovered that cannabidiol has the ability to reduce pain are the medical MDs. Epilepsy can be treated by the use of medical marijuana. The sudden seizures that affect the epileptic people result from the damage to the nervous system. After consuming medical marijuana, the sudden seizures will reduce. The medical MDs administered marijuana to epileptic rats and discovered that the occurrence of loss of consciousness reduced significantly. Cannabidiol cuts down the number of seizures by more than 35%. Medical marijuana is used in treating cancer. Cancer causes the cells of various organs to have abnormal growth. In treating cancer, cannabidiol will prevent eliminate the cancer cells and prevent further spreading. Medical MDs discovered this after administering cannabidiol to a breast cancer cell. The cannabidiol stopped the spreading of the cancer cells and made them less aggressive. Cardiovascular diseases can be treated by the use of medical marijuana. Heart failure is a good example of a disease which can be treated by the use of cannabidiol. Medical marijuana makes the heart to pump the blood harder and this prevents heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. Acne can be treated by the use of cannabidiol oil. A person suffering from acne has a skin which is rough and has pimples. Oils, lotions, and creams obtained from medical marijuana are effective in eliminating acne. This site has more on cannabidiol oils. Finally, cannabidiol is used in improving appetite. People suffering from lack of appetite have reduced weight. Medical marijuana is administered to people with HIV in order to improve their appetite. Cannabidiol is effective in boosting appetite by increasing the rate of metabolism. 5 Key Takeaways on the Road to Dominating Options The Beginners Guide To Tips (Finding The Starting Point)
• Today is: Tuesday, April 23, 2019 Leprosy: know the causes and symptoms: Dr. Monika Bhanushali Dr. Monika Bhanushali September30/ 2016 Leprosy is also known as Hansen’s disease. It is an infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium leprae. The disease has affected many people all around the world. In previous years, leprosy was associated with social stigma because of which people have been out casted and shunned from the societies. Even today, India has largest number of cases of Leprosy. Every year almost 1.2 to 1. 3 lac new cases of leprosy are reported from India. The bacteria spread through droplets by repeated contact with an infected an untreated person. Children are more susceptible than adults. Contrary to the common belief, leprosy is not highly contagious. and it is completely curable. As these bacteria grow slowly, the symptoms may even appear 20 years after the infection. 1. Skin lesions: light coloured skin patches 2. Thickened nerves: the nerves become thick as the bacteria reside inside the nerve tissue. 3. Numbness: the area of the hypopigmented patches are in sensitive to touch. 4. Muscle weakness: as the nerves are damaged, the muscles become weak 5. Deformity of hands and feet: as the sensations in the hands and legs are lost, the chances of secondary infections can result in loss of tissue from the limbs resulting in ulcers and deformities. It can even result in wrist drop, feet drop and claw hand. 6. Eye problems: as the sensations are lost in the eyes, there are chances of injury to the eye resulting even in loss of vision. Muscles supporting the eyes might get affected resulting in lagopthalmos. Types of leprosy: There are two broad categories in which leprosy is classified: 1. Tuberculoid also known as paucibacillary: it has only one light coloured in-sensitive patch and nerve involvement 2. Lepromatous also known as multibacillary: it has symmetric patches and nodules, nerve involvement 3. Just nerve involvement without skin lesions can also be present 1. Clinical diagnosis: Presence of skin lesions with sensory loss indicates the symptoms of leprosy. Mainly the diagnosis is done by the clinical presentation of light coloured skin patches and definite loss of sensation. 1. Skin smear: A skin smear of the skin lesion show presence of the bacteria under the microscope. Leprosy was feared to be not curable a few decades ago. But this is not at all the case anymore. Leprosy is 100% curable. There are medications available which are given in the multi drug therapy(MDT) form. The MDT is highly effective and the people are not infectious after a month of treatment. In India, the government programme NLEP (National Leprosy Eradication Programme) has extensive reach and free drugs available in government hospitals. Although, leprosy can be cured, the disease can cause some permanent skin damage, nerves and organs damage. The leprosy can cause following long lasting complications: 1. Disfigurement of the face 2. Wrist drop, foot drop, claw hand (commonest deformity) 3. Infertility 4. Damage to the nose cartilage 5. Loss of sensations which result in easy injuries and burns causing tissue loss and deformities. Dr. Monika Bhanushali Dr. Monika Bhanushali 3 × 1 =
HTML <output> Tag PDF mobile The <output> Tag in HTML 5 The <output> tag is used in an HTML form. <output> Tag Syntax ... flow content expected ... <form id="form-id" method="GET\|POST\|etc." action="target-URL"> ... phrasing content expected ...<output>... phrasing content ... ... phrasing content ...</output>... ... phrasing content expected ...<output form="form-id">... phrasing content ... Rules for coding HTML output elements Make sure you understand the difference between a tag and element and are familiar with the definitions of namespace and other HTML terms. 1. Code the output element where phrasing content is expected, usually inside a form element. 2. Begin the output element with a starting <output> tag. The element name uses lower case letters and should be in the HTML namespace, which it will pick up automatically from the xmlns attribute on the <html> tag. 3. If the field is for a form that can be submitted but is outside that form element, include a form attribute referencing the form the output is to be associated with. 4. Include any other attributes on the <output> tag as appropriate. 5. Inside the output element, between the starting <output> tag and the ending </output> tag, code the inner HTML phrasing content. 6. End the output element with a matching </output> closing tag. Content Model Contents of the output element The content of the output element can include HTML comments, text content and only those HTML tags that can be used in phrasing content. <output> Tag Attributes Attributes of the <output> tag global attributes In addition to the personal attributes of the <output> tag below, any of the common HTML attributes can also be coded. <output> Tag Examples Examples of the output tag in HTML 5 Changes in HTML 5 - <output> Tag What's new in HTML 5 The <output> tag is one of the new elements in HTML 5. Differences between HTML 5 and earlier versions of HTML The <output> tag did not exist in older versions of HTML. The 2000-2010 Recommendations from the W3C HTML Working Group defined the HTML namespace for the names of all HTML element types, which now includes the output element name. In older (pre-2000) versions of HTML, element type names were not associated with a namespace. Valid HTML 5
Julian calendar From SikhiWiki (Redirected from Julian) Jump to: navigation, search The Julian calendar was the calendar in predominant use in most of Europe until it was superseded by the Gregorian calendar commencing in 1582, although it continued to be used as the civil calendar in some countries into the 20th century. The Gregorian calendar has now replaced the Julian calendar as the civil calendar in all countries which formerly used it. It was itself a reform of the Roman calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC) to commence in 45 BC (709 AUC). The calendar has a regular year of 365 days divided into 12 months, as listed in Table of months. A leap day is added to February every four years. The Julian year is, therefore, on average 365.25 days long. The calendar year was intended to approximate the tropical (solar) year. Although Greek astronomers had known, at least since Hipparchus, that the tropical year was a few minutes shorter than 365.25 days, the calendar did not compensate for this difference. As a result, the calendar year gained about three days every four centuries compared to observed equinox times and the seasons. This discrepancy was corrected by the Gregorian reform, introduced in 1582. See also
Home >> Economy and Society >> Features of Planned Economy Features of Planned Economy Target settings for different sectors of economy that determine the supply. It is a type of economy in which some central authority makes a wide range of decisions pertaining to production and wages. The government can harness land, labor, and capital to serve the economic objectives of the state (which, in turn, may be decided by the people through a democratic process). Consumer demand can be restrained in favor of greater capital investment for economic development in a desired pattern. For example, many modern societies fail to develop certain medicines and vaccines which are seen by medical companies as being unprofitable, but by social activists as being necessary for public health. The state can begin building a heavy industry at once in an underdeveloped economy without waiting years for capital to accumulate through the expansion of light industry, and without reliance on external financing. Second, a planned economy can maximize the continuous utilization of all available resources. This means that planned economies do not suffer from a buisness cycle. Under a planned economy, neither unemployment nor idle production facilities should exist beyond minimal levels, and the economy should develop in a stable manner, unimpeded by inflation or recession. A planned economy can serve social rather than individual ends: under such a system, rewards, whether wages or perquisites, are to be distributed according to the social value of the service performed. A planned economy eliminates the dependence of production on individual profit motives, which may not in themselves provide for all society's needs.
//Sea Spaghetti Sea Spaghetti Himanthalia elongata Its scientific name means ‘elongated sea tongue’. This seaweed is relatively unknown in Asia but considered very precious in Europe. Organoleptic properties: • Appearance: A brown seaweed with an elongated, thin and flattened shape. Reaches 3 meters. • Smell and taste: Smell of the sea. Neutral flavour, chewy texture. • Colour: Olive-green, brown. Category: Tags: , How to use: • Salted: Rinse in lukewarm water several times, remove salt before consumption. • Dried: Soak in lukewarm water for 10 minutes or cook 20 minutes. How to cook: Once is rehydrated or the salt is rinsed off, use it like a fresh vegetable. Use as if it were pasta with any sauce. The cooking water brings a lot of flavour to stews, soups, sauces, creams. Once cooked (to soften), it is ideal for using in fillings, scrambled eggs, tortillas, pizza and as a garnish for meats. This seaweed is rich in potassium, calcium, iron (almost 10 times more than lentils) and fibre which help with digestion. Contain antioxidants and immunostimulants. Aviso de cookies
Heart Health: A Diet And Supplement Guide Here’s a sobering statistic: Every 34 seconds, someone in the United States will experience a heart attack or other serious heart-related event. And approximately one person will die from one of these events every minute, making it the No. 1 killer in America. (1) That’s the bad news. The good news is that there are a number of things you can do to avoid becoming one of these statistics. Compelling scientific evidence suggests that giving your cardiovascular system the nutrients it needs can improve your heart health, starting today. Your heart is the hardest working organ in your body and it’s the centerpiece of your cardiovascular system. Thanks to its pumping action, a healthy heart constantly circulates blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen and nutrients to your organs and tissues via a series of arteries. When everything’s working correctly, the heart is like a high-performance machine. Unfortunately, there are a number of things that can undermine heart health. Some, like advancing age or a family history of heart disease, are beyond your control. But there are other factors you can do something about! Some modifiable risk factors include high blood pressure, unhealthy cholesterol levels, being overweight or obese, or being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. (2) But it’s often your daily habits that influence your heart health the most. While some habits—smoking, being physically inactive, overindulging in alcohol, or experiencing chronic stress—are well-known enemies of a healthy heart, the most common threat to cardiovascular health is the all-American diet filled with processed foods. (3)(4) Build a heart-healthy diet Keeping close tabs over what you eat is one of the most powerful ways to support a healthy heart. Research confirms that people with a history of heart disease who eat a healthy diet filled with whole foods significantly lowered their risk of a heart attack compared to those eating a diet filled with nutritionally-bankrupt processed foods. (5) Those processed foods— so prevalent in Western diets — are high in refined carbohydrates, sugar, and unhealthy fats. Research in the journal Nutrients shows that these foods can boost your odds developing heart disease by up to 20 percent. (6) Feasting on whole, unprocessed food, however, can strengthen your heart health. piece of salmon, an avocado, beans, fruit, tomatoes, oil put together to shape a heart Scientific evidence suggests that giving your cardiovascular system the nutrients it needs can improve your heart health. So what are the best foods for heart health? Here’s your go-to shopping list: The produce aisle Adding plenty of colorful, antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables to your meals has been shown to reduce both oxidative stress and inflammation— two enemies of healthy arteries. (7) Want the most antioxidant bang for your buck? Buy organic whenever possible. While it costs a bit more, a study in the British Journal of Nutrition found that organically grown fruits and vegetables contain higher levels of heart-healthy antioxidants than conventional produce. (8) The dairy case Bypass the low-fat and the fat-free items and go for full-fat dairy. New research in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition reports that people who ate full-fat dairy had a 42 percent lower risk of cardiovascular death — including death from stroke — than those who ate the least. (9) Add some eggs It turns out all those experts warning you away from eating egg yolks were wrong! New findings in the journal Heart show that eating an egg every day actually slashed the risk of stroke by 26 percent and the odds of dying from any type of heart-related event by 18 percent. (10) Get even more from your daily scramble by opting for omega-3 fortified eggs and by adding a couple of handfuls of veggies to the pan. The meat section Contrary to popular belief, a diet that includes lean red meat can actually be good for your heart. While poultry is a good source of protein, recent research suggests that eating lean red meat on a regular basis can lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels while also reducing blood pressure. (11) Bonus: Lean cuts of beef are also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin B12, niacin, zinc, and iron. (12) Go fish Cold-water fish is an excellent source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids. According to the American Heart Association, eating fatty fish once or twice weekly can lower the overall risk of cardiovascular disease. (13) Look for low mercury varieties like rainbow trout, wild Alaskan or Pacific salmon, and sardines. Pick healthy fats Not all fats are bad for heart health. In fact, some are essential! While extra virgin olive oil (rightly) gets all the buzz for its cardiovascular benefits, avocado oil’s cholesterol balancing and anti-inflammatory properties make it another heart-healthy fat. (14) And, even though it’s high in saturated fat, new evidence shows that coconut oil can be a beneficial addition to your diet thanks to its ability to raise HDL (good) cholesterol levels. (15) Grains, beans, and nuts According to the American Heart Association, whole grains and beans are heart healthy sources of fiber that can improve cholesterol levels and reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular disease. (16) (17) And snacking on a handful of nuts at least five times a week can lower the overall risk of heart disease by 14 percent and the risk of coronary heart disease by 20 percent. (18) Supplements for heart health As hard as we try, it’s not always possible to eat a diet that supports heart health. You can fill in the gaps with the following five supplements, which have been shown to support a healthy cardiovascular system. Aged garlic extract This multi-tasking supplement has been clinically shown to reduce inflammation, improve your antioxidant status, keep arteries flexible, decrease cholesterol levels, and lower blood pressure. (19) (20) Research also shows that aged garlic extract can also reduce the buildup of both unstable plaque and calcium deposits that can reduce blood flow in your arteries and increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke. (21) (22) Coenzyme Q10 Boasting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, Coenzyme Q10 provides energy to heart cells and protects them from free radical damage. (23) (24) Yet as we age, our body’s ability to make CoQ10 declines, making supplementation essential. But not all CoQ10 supplements are equally effective. Here’s why: CoQ10 comes in two different forms—ubiquinol and ubiquinone. Ubiquinol is the reduced, active, and more usable form of CoQ10 and accounts for 90 percent of the CoQ10 that’s in the blood. (25) Always opt for the ubiquinol form instead of ubiquinone when choosing a CoQ10 supplement. fish oil softgel supplements in clear jar and in wooden spoon Fish oil supplements might help lower your cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of dying from any type of cardiovascular event. Fish oil The best way to get the benefits of fish oil is by eating omega-3 rich fish twice a week. But if you’re at high risk of coronary heart disease, adding a fish oil supplement might help lower your cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of dying from any type of cardiovascular event. That was the conclusion of researchers after analyzing 34 studies pinpointing the heart health benefits of supplementation. (26) But because fish oil at high doses can increase the risk of bleeding, talk to your doctor before taking an omega-3 supplement, especially if you already take blood-thinning medication. This mineral is essential for a healthy heart, yet many people don’t get enough. Clinical studies have shown that low levels can cause arrhythmias, spasms in the blood vessels, high blood pressure, angina, and blood clots. There is also a strong link between low magnesium levels and the formation of calcium deposits in the arteries that can contribute to atherosclerosis. (27) Research at State University of New York shows that magnesium also acts as a natural calcium channel blocker by relaxing blood vessels and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while also reducing the heart’s workload. (28) If you thought beneficial bacteria were just good for the gut, think again. A growing number of studies show that probiotics are also good for your heart! One review of 26 clinical trials and two meta-analyses featured in the journal Nutrition Review found that L. reuteri significantly lowered LDL and total cholesterol while improving other risk factors like inflammation. (29) Another study review found that taking a probiotic containing multiple species of beneficial bacteria lowered systolic blood pressure by 3.56 mm/Hg and diastolic pressure by 2.38 mm/Hg. (30) For the most benefit, check labels to make sure your probiotic contains “live” bacteria at the time of consumption. Now that you have all the tools you need to bolster nutrition for heart health, get smart and bless your heart, the healthy way! We recommend you always speak to a health practitioner when it comes to your health and wellness. 1. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80 3. https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/behavior.htm 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2633295/ 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21575619 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5793267/pdf/nutrients-10-00039.pdf 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2606994/ 8. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/higher-antioxidant-and-lower-cadmium-concentrations-and-lower-incidence-of-pesticide-residues-in-organically-grown-crops-a-systematic-literature-review-and-metaanalyses/33F09637EAE6C4ED119E0C4BFFE2D5B1 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30007304 10. https://heart.bmj.com/content/104/21/1756 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27881394 12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=15927927 13. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000574 14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3955619/ 15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=29511019 16. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-eating/eat-smart/nutrition-basics/the-benefits-of-beans-and-legumes 18. http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/70/20/2519 19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30619868 20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22234974 21. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16484554 22. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=26764322 23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25126052 24. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21996047 25. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27128225 26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28062061 27. https://openheart.bmj.com/content/5/2/e000775 28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10712282 29. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=24330093 30. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25047574
Share this! You can admire in Acapulco a natural beauty environs; mountains give the access to the town, though not difficult to access particularly since the construction of a 2-km-long tunnel to the waterfront from the remote areas in the 1990s. An earlier effort to get the cooling sea breezes by cutting through the mountains a passage called the Abra de San Nicolas had some beneficial and comforting effect. In the coordinates latitude 16.85° to the north and longitude 99.92° to the west is located Acapulco. According to the census of the year the 2005 municipality had 717 766 inhabitants, according to the INEGI in Acapulco is 24% of the population of Guerrero. Account with a territorial extension of 1.882,60 km ² what represents the 2,6% of the state surface and its coast (62 kilometers in length) occupies the 12,3% of the coast of the state. Acapulco has been well known as a traveler's crossroads for at least a millennium. Its name is a Nahuatl word, meaning "plain of dense reeds". The earliest local remains, stone metates and pottery utensils, were left in the 3rd millennium BC. Much later, sophisticated artisans fashioned curvaceous female figurines. Other artifacts resemble those found in highland Mexico. Although influenced by Tarascan, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Aztec civilizations, sometimes paying tribute to them and frequented by their traders, Acapulco never came under their direct control, but instead remained subject to local caciques until the Spanish conquest. Acapulco was christened as “Santa Lucia”, is one of the principal tourist destinies on the world and it is the mayor Mexican sea port located in the state of Guerrero, southwest from Mexico, but its official name is “Acapulco de Juárez”. The City of AcapulcoAcapulco harbor arises when Cortés arranges that the ship San Miguel and San Marcos, in Diego Hurtado de Mendoza’s authority, they go to explore the coasts of the Pacific Ocean. The villa or village that arises in consequence of this exploration, Acapulco did not have a similar birth to other populations.
Your Skin As our largest organ, the skin protects against heat, light, injury and infection. It also helps control body temperature, stores water and fat, and makes vitamin D. Our skin has multiple layers, but the two main layers are the epidermis, which is the upper or outer layer, and the dermis, which is the lower or inner layer. Video Transcriptclick to expand
Sentence Examples • She was responsive, hungry and yielding, a combination that lit his blood on fire. • The physical "touch" that initiates the psychical "touch" initiates, through the very same nerve channels, a reflex movement responsive to the physical "touch," just as the psychical "touch" may be considered also a response to the same physical event. • To what extent such responses are transmitted to offspring, and what part they play in the formation of the adaptive characters that are conspicuous in many animals, remain dubious, but it is at least clear that natural selection can favour those individuals and those races which show the greatest power of responsive plasticity in the individual. • I trust it is equally responsive to the needs of my newly found guests. • By the time they entered the building, her arms and legs were responsive again.
Our plants are at risk of being devoured by bugs, slugs, and insects, just as they would be in the wild. When our plants are eaten at the leaf it removes their ability to process sunlight into energy, choking the plant of much needed resources and slowing bud production. As part of our blog series, we have listed some ways to identify common pests and how to deal with infestations here A common pest is one we know well- the ant. These lovable little hive-minds cause problems with marijuana plants by creating nests in the substrate medium. This can damage the root system - stunting growth, delaying flower production, and putting all your hard work to waste. Ants have also been known to arrive in tandem with aphid infestations. The ants squeeze the aphids and harvest their guts - a formulation of sugars made of nutrients taken from the leaves of your precious plants. The ants protect the aphids by warding off friendly predator bugs like ladybirds. Cultivating the aphid colony in this way allows it to multiply rapidly. A single aphid can give birth to up to 12 live offspring per day - this can wreck your plants, so of course you want to make sure any infestations are eliminated as quickly as possible. When removing bugs, you want to keep harsh chemicals and pesticides away from your plants. Organic is always the best way- and so we use ordinary household cinnamon. cinnamon remove pest ants aphid infestations cannabis marijuana Look closely at your soil or potting medium. With any luck the ant infestation hasn't gotten too far and they're only beginning to colonise just one or two spots. Take a tablespoon full of powdered cinnamon and dump it on the soil, where the ants are building. The strong flavour of the cinnamon should be enough to scare of any ants that were thinking about colonising your plants. If you find that this isn't enough to deter your new insect pals, dissolve a few more spoonfuls of cinnamon in some distilled water (the same amount you would use to water your plants) and pour it over your topsoil. Allow your cinnamon-water mixture to soak in. This strong-smelling concoction will absorb into the soil, tainting it's flavour. This method is a sure fire way to send ants packing. Are you aged 18 or over? Ensure you are aware of the laws of your country. By clicking ENTER, you confirm you are 18 years or older
While most people were busy celebrating Cinco de Mayo on May 5th, the Smithsonian’s Catalog of American Portraits (CAP), the Photograph Archives and the Inventories of American Painting & Sculpture opened their doors to the public. These organizations are the backbone of the art world, providing an official record of American art. By Nathalie von Veh The archives are located in the Victor Building near the National Portrait Gallery. What seems from the outside to be a typical DC office building is home to some of the most extensive records of American Art in the country. WPA went behind the scenes to talk with Linda Thrift, Head of Collections Information and Research at the Catalog of American Portraits about this treasure trove of art. CAP is not just a catalog of art, it is a catalog of people. CAP is tucked away on the concourse level of the Victor Building, in a big room filled with row after row of file cases. For the open house they had brought out some of their rarest and most unique files to show the public. One file contained four different rare portraits of a Native American from the eighteenth century. His file was comprised of copies of four different portraits done by the artist: a drawing, painting, daguerreotype, and sketch. CAP partnered with Native American scholars to track down who the sitter was, what his name meant, and what his story was which is all included in the file. The artist was barely mentioned. Alongside this file the small team of archivists also showed me an extensive file on Marie Louise, Napoleon’s wife, with stack after stack of research on her different portraits. Other files contained extensive correspondence between sitters and artists and other primary research. CAP is a unique art catalog because of their focus on the sitter, deciphering and recording stories based on portraits. Some of the rare files CAP had brought out for display Some of the rare files CAP had brought out for display CAP is the home to over 200,000 records of portraits and it is the official research center for the National Portrait Gallery. CAP was founded in 1966 and archivists first began building the archives by pulling portraits from other collections, like the Frick Collection. In 1971, approaching the United State’s Bicentennial, CAP received grants to extensively survey all regions of the United States to create a comprehensive record of the country’s history through its portraits. Linda Thrift explained that in order to provide a comprehensive archive of American portraits, they also need to include people who have a connection to the United States whether they were citizens or not. For example, honorary citizens like Winston Churchill, tradesmen from abroad, people from U.S. territories like Puerto Rico. The survey continues to this day and is dependent on dedicated volunteers to keep the project alive. While talking with the archivists, I began to wonder what exactly constitutes a portrait. The archivists identified portraiture as one-of-a-kind likenesses of an individual. At the National Portrait Gallery, they can only exhibit work from a life sitting. The archivists at CAP can be more flexible. Since they are a research center, the line determining what they can and cannot include is more lenient and portraits do not necessarily need to be derivative. The more art that they record, the more valuable the catalog is as a resource. At the end of the day, it is up to the discretion of this small and savvy team of archivists to determine what to include and what not to. Their archives include sculptures, paintings, drawings, miniatures, silhouettes, and even certain medals and daguerreotypes. The only thing they do not include are graphic prints and photographs, with few notable exceptions. For example, portraits of Edgar Allen Poe are primarily daguerreotypes and though these are technically photographs, it is obviously still important to include them in the catalog. Over half of their records have been uploaded to their online database and are accessible to the public at all times. Anyone can access the online archives for research or to find inspiration. The database already receives 18,000 visits per month and people can search by artist, sitter, time period, related events, ethnicity, etc. And anyone can make an appointment and come see the files in person -- the catalog is meant to be used. The archivists help everyone from documentary film directors to authors to fourth grade school kids. If you are a portrait artist yourself, you can email your work to CAP to be included in the catalog. Because CAP’s resources are so limited and their backlog is so immense, the best way for artists to officially record their work here is by initiating it themselves. The team at CAP works tirelessly to keep their archives current and useful, rarely receiving the recognition that is due to them from the rest of the art world. IMG_4757 (1) More examples of art files on display at the open house at the Research and Scholar Center Art records and archives are an important part of the art world, but one that gets overshadowed by flashy exhibitions and events. The archivists at CAP have dedicated their lives to recording each and every American portrait and ensuring that there is a legitimate record of art in case of theft, damage, or loss of the original. A vibrant art community depends on records like these. Art dealers, conservators, and collectors also use the records to determine legitimacy and identify fraud. Curators come to the archives for research. The FBI works with CAP and other art archivists when a work is stolen or damaged in order to learn about the piece. CAP keeps a record of all work that has gone missing or has been damaged. As long as an official record remains, the work is never completely lost. The wealth of art records in the Victor Building continues a few floors above at the Research and Scholar Center (RSC). This center is home to the Inventories of American Painting & Sculpture and Photograph Archives. These organizations work tirelessly to compile and record American art, which is a daunting task. The Inventories of American Painting & Sculpture have only been able to archive the artist’s work from before 1914. The sculpture inventories are current because there is less sculpture than paintings that need to be recorded. The Photograph Archives are comprised of a quarter million photographs, slides, and negatives documenting American art. They are sometimes the only visual documentation of an altered, lost, or damaged original painting or sculpture. One noteworthy project of the RSC is their Save Outdoor Sculpture! campaign which is a nationwide program committed to documenting and preserving America’s outdoor sculpture. So far with the help of 7,000 volunteers they have recorded 32,000 sculptures and this documentation has helped them to identify sculpture that is need of maintenance and restoration. These organizations are a vital part of the art world and deserve recognition. I would highly recommend giving these passionate and enthusiastic archivists a visit at the Victor Building and using their online resources for pleasure or research. The libraries are intended for the people and are meant to be used. I would like to thank CAP and CSR for opening their doors on Monday and sharing their work with me. Especially thank you to Linda Thrift and Patricia at CAP for taking the time to talk with WPA and share their wealth of knowledge and enthusiasm. Check out CAP’s online database HERE You can contact them at NPGResearch@si.edu or (202) 633-8260 More information on the Inventories of American Painting & Sculpture and Photograph Archives To learn about the Save Outdoor Sculpture! campaign May 13, 2014
Oxygen Calculator This calculator determines the amount of oxygen required to convert sulfide and sulfite to sulfate based on stoichiometry. To use the calculator, first select sulfide or sulfite. Then enter the flowrate of the waste stream in gallons per minute (gpm) and the concentration in milligrams per liter (mg/L). Once the parameters have been entered, press the calculate button.
Manhattan, New York City, New York "Yo Soy Boricua, Pa'que tu lo sepas!" Nunca olivando la herencia taína de nuestra ni la sangre mia de toda Nueva York aka NuYoRican Soul con nada más que demasiado Wep@ para La Isla Boríkén del nacimiento! This web-page displays the flag of Puerto Rico which is located within the Greater Antilles & its related information. ---- Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico ---- aka Free Associated State of Puerto Rico "Populated for centuries by aboriginal peoples, the island was claimed by the Spanish Crown in 1493 following COLUMBUS' second voyage to the Americas. In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule that saw the indigenous population nearly exterminated and African slave labor introduced, Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American War. Puerto Ricans were granted US citizenship in 1917." Quotations from WikiSource. gallery/flag of puerto rico National Emblem (Coat of Amrs) of PUERTO RICO... gallery/state arms of puerto rico
Video Gaming & Dyspraxia Video Gaming & Dyspraxia Video Gaming and Dyspraxia Gaming and Dyspraxia Chart Gaming and Dyspraxia: Previously on my blog, I brought up how video games and gaming can help those with Dyspraxia. Gaming, in general, gets a bad name because of the negative stigma that is thrown in its direction. This page is all about how gaming helps those with Dyspraxia, not only helping those with dyspraxia but helps show how awesome gaming can be! BUT just for your knowledge Video Games does help Dyspraxia but only in certain aspects, it shouldn’t be used as the only means of helping. Just remember that it can help Dyspraxia but each individual is different and so results will vary. As many of you are aware or will be aware, those with Dyspraxia main problem is coordination and sequence problems. However other problems can be helped through games and gaming. With repetitive use, the ability to coordinate fingers can be discovered and refined. Especially the games that require multi-button presses or holding a certain button while pressing another. As an example, aiming with the analog stick and then pressing the fire button. Completing a challenge or successfully stringing the presses correctly is satisfying. There are other games that use your body movement as the controller rather than a handheld device. Consoles with those capabilities are the PlayStation Move, Xbox Kinect, Nintendo Wii, etc. These help train the gross motor movement and also spatial awareness. Another problem is sequences, or remembering a sequence. Most games follow a sequence, some are simple and others are more complex. Some games require you to press certain coloured buttons in order to rack up points or solve a puzzle by the means of a sequence; something like battling a cliché boss battle. This, in turn, helps coordination but each successful hit rewards the player with points and possibly a star/medal rating for them to work towards and beat. With continuous play, this can help train to learn the sequence and with this knowledge apply it to the outside world. Problem Solving: While I love to problem solve, some Dyspraxics may find their concentration level isn’t high enough to focus or they struggle to solve a problem. By playing games the ability to overcome problems can be accomplished within a game by trying to get a certain treasure or taking down a certain enemy. Seeing as in-game they have the visual prompt of the reward (for example a treasure high up on a ledge) it gives something to aim for rather than an unknown outcome (For example, light bulb has stopped working-how can it be fixed?). With video games, a foundation of problem solving skills can be built and worked upon. Interaction with real people (practical): With modern technology, you can now easily play against or with other people across the globe. Many Dyspraxics feel shut off from the world however with video game multiplayer there is a chance to play alongside others and build up friends, effectively creating a social life with others who enjoy the same things/games. It is best you keep a close watch on children when they are online as I don’t need to explain the dangers of strangers and messages. There’s always invite a friend over to play on the same console though. (commonly known as split-screen). Also, some games promote social activity, such as social media games/competitions and a game I think everyone is familiar with: Pokémon Go! (More on that game later, it needs a whole chapter to itself) Interaction with real people (theory): Most games nowadays have a ‘select your own responses’ so you play a story and the player can choose a response to when the other characters interact. Then players can see consequences for actions or said things helping them understand more of how the world communicates. What is deemed bad, and what is acceptable. While it is good, video games can be misleading with this so it makes a good start but not as the main focus. Achievement and motivation: Got through a level? Mini-boost to self-esteem! While it can work the other way if they get rewards in-game it can help with feelings of accomplishment rather than feeling like a complete failure. With this more things can be built upon it. Motivation has to come from somewhere, so start off small and work upwards! Indirectly to video gaming itself. But if you need to get some motivation into someone then use video games as a reward system if they do something right then they get a spell on their game! Or use it to motivate yourself to do something Educational Games: There are a whole stack of games to test the educational side of life from science, to mathematics. from languages to geography it’s all there and if they have fun too then it’s a great bonus! While the classroom may seem daunting and confusing, with a game that rewards correct answers can help with motivation. (Works with anyone, even those who aren’t Dyspraxic of course) but for those who struggle a bit more than everyone else it may just be enough to help them understand. Homework that is gaming! Win-win situation! Could there possibly be anything else?: There are probably more ways gaming can help someone with Dyspraxia, especially as more research gets conducted. If this section has been helpful to you in some way or you have ideas that can expand the list then please voice it in a comment below, I am interested in hearing them! If you have a different way that gaming has helped you then please do tell, and it could end up on the above list! This concludes this page on how gaming helps those with Dyspraxia. Extra Thoughts, Links, and Sources: There are many more aspects of gaming that helps with Dyspraxia and as I come across these ideas I’ll add it to the growing list. In the meantime, you’ll find extra reading material relating to gaming below. Pokemon Go: With the game’s fame fizzling out of the public eye, I’ve moved the section to a post; Post #104 ~ Pokemon Go I’m planning more content and links for this page, so watch this space! 4 thoughts on “Video Gaming & Dyspraxia” Leave a Reply Font Resize Style Settings %d bloggers like this:
Penn Arts & Sciences Logo ENGL 103.401 fulfills requirements: Sector 1: Theory and Poetics of the Standard Major Sector 3: Early Literature to 1660 of the Standard Major What do we mean when we call an event “tragic”? When we do so, often without knowing it, we reach back to a form of theater that began over 2500 years ago, in 5th B.C.E Athens. This is perhaps the most powerful example of how a literary genre – tragedy – can shape our perception of our history and experience. This course will examine the beginnings and evolution of the tragedy’s formal qualities, asking how form interacted with social and political factors. We will review historical notions of the tragic hero, from Aristotle to the present: what has defined a tragic hero, and why and how do these heroes matter to people? The class will also think about the role of plot in shaping tragedy, and how a tragedy differs from a catastrophe or a merely unhappy event. Finally, we will speculate on the recent past and future of tragedy as a genre. This course will not pretend to cover all the manifestations of tragic drama from the Greeks to the present: texts will likely include plays by Sophocles, Euripides, Shakespeare, Racine, Ibsen, and Beckett, but also recent films and television as well as relevant criticism and philosophy.
The illustration is a rough sketch somewhat resembling the British flag, the Union Jack. It is not possible to draw the whole of it without lifting the pencil from the paper or going over the same line twice. The puzzle is to find out just _how much_ of the drawing it is possible to make without lifting your pencil or going twice over the same line. Take your pencil and see what is the best you can do. THE TWO TRAINS. THE VICTORIA CROSS PUZZLE. facebooktwittergoogle_plusredditpinterestlinkedinmail
Driving discovery of new genetic causes of developmental disorders 5 January 2015 Genome-wide analysis has identified new genetic causes of developmental disorders in children. Developmental disorders are a broad group of conditions that include physical and mental problems and developmental delay. Geneticists have made great progress in recognising specific forms of disorder with shared phenotypic (observable) features, and in identifying underlying genetic causes; however, many such conditions show highly variable physical features and symptoms and may be very rare, in some cases potentially even unique to the individual. For this reason they are not easily diagnosed. The Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) project was established to attempt to increase rates of genetic diagnosis among a group of several thousand children with multiple malformations or serious physical or mental developmental delay, for whom a genetic cause was suspected but diagnosed. It has already reported on the first set of results from 1133 children and their parents, which showed increased rates of genetic diagnosis. The latest publication by DDD researchers in the journal Nature reveals that using a genome-wide approach (in this case exome sequencing and array-based detection of chromosomal rearrangements) can identify groups of patients with related genetic disorders. Researchers sought genes with increased levels of potentially harmful new (de novo) mutations based on both their own and other available data. They also took into account other available information including similar phenotypic features. A total of 12 new genes were strongly linked with developmental disorders in 35 patients. This not only helped to boost overall diagnostic rates, but also provided new insights into how changes in these genes may derail normal development and lead to varied forms of neurodevelopmental disorder, from learning disability to epilepsy and autism. Importantly, the value of a genomic approach in addition to the traditional, phenotypic-driven approach to clinical discovery of new sub-groups of disease is demonstrated, especially for conditions that show very variable or non-specific features. Overall the study nicely demonstrates the potential to boost diagnosis rates by using genome-wide approaches; whole genome sequencing, whilst creating significant further increases to the cost and complexity of analysis might reasonably expected to increase diagnosis still further. The researchers themselves note the significant proportion of patients remaining undiagnosed despite their own genome-wide analysis and nationwide approach to sharing information, a vital element in clinical interpretation of genetic information to identify those changes with a significant likelihood of having caused the observed disease features. They emphasise that their findings underline the importance of data sharing, and urge the ’international sharing of minimal genotypic and phenotypic data’ as typified by the DECIPHER web portal to drive further expansion of genetic causes of developmental disorder. More from us
Some Self-Evident Truths What is truth? Join with me as I explore the nature of truth. Like many topics, one can only understand it well by comparing it with something that is different than itself. Truth is meaningful primarily because it stands in opposition to deception or error. If deception and error didn’t exist, then the concept of truth would, perhaps, be meaningless. Throughout Part 1 we will be exploring concepts which I find to be “self-evident.” That means that the validity of such concepts is apparent simply from reason and careful observation of people and our surroundings. Such concepts do not need to be derived or proven from other concepts that are more basic, they are simply self-evident. These concepts don’t need deep philosophy or religious instruction to be known and understood, they are self-evident. I invite you to consider for yourself whether or not you agree that these “truths” are “self-evident.” Contents \| Next
Chapter 17 A Self-Evident Conclusion Many years ago, I studied electrical engineering at Oregon State University. Pretty much all of my engineering studies were based on what I consider to be “hard science,” such as math and physics. Of course, the division between what is “hard science” and what is “soft science” is debatable. I consider “soft science” to include fields such as philosophy, psychology, religion, and political science. For me, the distinction between “hard” and “soft” science is the degree to which the main concepts are observable, precise, provable, and repeatable. I don’t remember any serious disagreements regarding “truth” relating to my science, math, and engineering classes. With hard science as the foundation, there isn’t much to argue over, it’s mostly a matter of understanding it and learning how to apply it in practical ways. Of course, people can argue over the best way to implement a solution (such as what style of bridge to build to span a river), but the underlying hard sciences (the calculations and principles that ensure the bridge won’t fall down) are usually firmly established. If that were not the case, people would not be able to design bridges with reasonable certainty that they won’t fall down. There is an elegant side to the hard sciences which I have come to appreciate: There is generally only one correct answer to most hard-science types of analyses. I suppose that relates to how I define “hard” and “soft” science. With hard science, the mathematical analysis of a problem can often be approached from many different paths, but the answer should always be the same (there is usually only one correct answer). If the solutions come out differently when approached from different directions, then a mistake has almost certainly occurred (or else, by my definition, we aren’t dealing with hard science). This same pattern of arriving at similar results from different directions should also occur in practice, to a lesser degree, in soft sciences, such as philosophy and religion. For example, consider this philosophical question: “Why does the universe exist?” Previous chapters have arrived at the following three self-evident truths through observation and reason: We can simply combine these truths and arrive at the following conclusion about why the universe exists: In the beginning, a creator created creation. Alternatively, someone might look in scripture for an answer to the question: “Why does the universe exist?” The first verse in the Bible reads: These two answers are practically the same. Using two different paths we have arrived at similar results. The first path was using observation and reason. The second path was looking to scripture for an answer. We have essentially found the first verse in the Bible to be true, based on self-evident truths. For Further Reflection: Contents \| Next
Victory Day Also found in: Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: Noun1.Victory Day - the day of a victoryVictory Day - the day of a victory Mentioned in ? References in periodicals archive ? In Sevastopol, Victory Day was indexed payments to veterans of the Great Patriotic War. India and Bangladesh celebrate December 16 as 'Vijay Diwas' and Victory Day, respectively, every year to mark their military's victory over Pakistan in the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971, which eventually led to the liberation of Bangladesh. IANS DHAKA BANGLADESH Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on Saturday released a Taka 10 commemorative postage stamp on the country's 47th Victory Day marking its emergence as an independent nation after a bloody nine-month war against the Pakistani occupation forces in 1971. Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina yesterday released a 10 taka commemorative postage stamp on the country's 47th Victory Day marking its emergence as an independent nation after a nine-month war against the Pakistani forces in 1971. It is mentioned that political, media and cultural figures and international organizations participated in the largest international press gathering hosted by the Iraqi Journalists Syndicate to celebrate Iraqi Victory Day. But which victory day should Congress consider - the Sept. I celebrate with heartfelt emotions the August 30 Victory Day of our millions of citizens living in Turkey and in various countries across the world. Victory Day does not only represent a military success and defeat of invasion forces in Anatolia between 1919-1922, but it also marks a historical keystone leading up to the foundation of the independent, sovereign, secular and democratic Turkish Republic and modern Turkey. Today we celebrate the Europe Day but also the Victory Day - without the million victims, the Europe would not be the same today. com Turkey will secure its borders and fight terrorism which has plagued the country's security in the recent times, Uy-ur Doy-an, Ambassador of Turkey to Oman said at the 94th Victory Day celebrations of his country, held on Wednesday. Russia's missile announcement comes a day after showcasing its newest military equipment during the annual Victory Day celebrations marking the defeat of the Nazis in World War II. To the contrary, May 9th will never be considered as Victory Day or Europe Day, for Macedonia and for the Albanians. Full browser ?
v. add·ed, add·ing, adds 1. To join or combine (numbers) through addition: If you add 5 and 10 and 17, the result is 32. If you add 6 to 8, you get 14. 3. To say or write further. 1. To find a sum in arithmetic. a. To constitute an addition: an exploit that will add to her reputation. b. To create or make an addition: gradually added to my meager savings. Phrasal Verb: add up 1. To be reasonable, plausible, or consistent; make sense: The witness's testimony simply did not add up. 2. To amount to an expected total: a bill that didn't add up. 3. To formulate an opinion of: added up the other competitors in one glance. add up to To constitute; amount to: The revisions added up to a lot of work. [Middle English adden, from Latin addere : ad-, ad- + dare, to give; see dō- in Indo-European roots.] add′a·ble, add′i·ble adj. attention deficit disorder an act or instance of addition 1. of, for, or relating to addition 2. (Grammar) (in systemic grammar) denoting a bound clause that qualifies the meaning of an antecedent noun rather than of the sentence as a whole. Compare contingency4 References in classic literature ? Senor Beecher," said the Indian, adding, in Spanish, that he lived in the vicinity and had only lately been engaged by the young professor who hoped to discover the idol of gold before Tom's scientific friend could do so. Also, by adding stronger-flavored ingredients -- such as bacon, cilantro, chipotle chiles, lime juice, sherry, curry paste, spice mixes and the like -- you can boost flavor, making quick soups that taste like they've been simmering all day. Adding deconstruction to a reuse facility operation can add net revenue potential evidenced by higher average revenues for the combined firms. What the leadership fails to see is that by adding the wound service line, their hospital has lost its "innovation fulcrum.
Human Trafficking Consequences “Those who deny freedom for others don’t deserve freedom themselves”,stated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president who officially abolished slavery in 1865. For well over 500 years ago, slavery has been a major part of the world’s society as well as the economy. Due to the ideas of Enlightenment, slaverywas considered immoral and was abolished in many states around the world by the end of the 19th century. Despite the fact that slavery was legally abolished more than 200 years ago, modern day illegal slavery commonly known as “human trafficking”, is the “third largest crime industry in the world”, which is a “32 billion dollar industry” with “50% of the trafficking victims [who are] children”out of the “40 million” victims of this crime (“Home”). In fact, human trafficking has gone to such an extent that “there are more human slaves in the world today than ever before in history”(“The Exodus Road :: 27 Million Stones.” ).In this world, human trafficking laws and penalties should be more severe because human trafficking causes severe psychological trauma and detrimental health effects on victims and child neglect. One reason why human trafficking laws and penalizations should be more severe is that human trafficking causes severe psychological trauma and detrimental health effects on a victim. Women who have been trafficked suffer from very serious health problems, including “physical health, mental health, and reproductive health” (“SVAW – Trafficking in Women: Explore the Issue.). Trafficking victims often are often faced with cruel and devastatingconditions such as“physical abuse, exhaustion”, as well as “starvation”. Typical health problems and injuries can include “broken bones, concussions, bruising, minor to extremely severe burns, as well as other injuries consisted with assault.” From the human trafficked victims’ survival, stories, one of the the most shocking was a woman named Alma who became trafficked in 1984 As a child, she had always dreamed of becoming a successful and settled accountant.When her brother had promised her to pay all tuition and rent to help her achieve her goals, she left for Olongapo City where he resides. When she had arrived there, she realized that her brother had “no intention” to help her succeed and hoped Alma would “‘strike lucky’ with an American serviceman, so she could support her family”. Because she became “frustrated” and wanted to leave back home, her own brother “threatened her to withhold the transfer documents”. In the nightclub where she was coerced to work with, she was brutally “raped” and had to give birth to an “unwanted third child” (“Survivor Stories.”) . Human trafficking has a harrowing effect on the mental, emotional, physical, and well being of females. Beyond physical abuse, exhaustion, and intensive labor, trafficked women “suffer extreme emotional stress, including shame, grief, fear distrust and suicidal thoughts. This case is morally wrong because she was forced to engage in sexual activities against her consent and sexual activity must only be done between “husband and wife” (“LIVING A CHRISTIAN LIFE : Marriage, Sexual Acts, and Family Life.”). Victims often experience PTSD, and with that, acute anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Many victims turn to drugs and alcohol to numbs the pain”( “IBM Lotus Domino Web Access Login.”). Similarly, a person who has suffered the effects of severe psychological effects, is Mauri, a 16 year old gold who was “prostituted on the streets of Hawaii”. For her fate, there was absolutely no escape; “her pimp threatened to kill her family if she didn’t go out on the street night after to make him money. If Mauri tried to use the money to buy food, she was severely beaten”. After she was rescued, she now “suffers from terrible flashbacks and severe depression, and has even attempted suicide”(“Victims’ Stories.”).Ultimately, because of the fact that trafficking is illegal, the one who engages in the crime sets up unlawful rules and tortures them that the one who is being abused does not revolt. Because human enslavement causes health and psychological problems to the extent where one needs intense rehabilitation, the crime penalty for this sinful act should be a lot harsher because it permanently ruins many lives. If one life is severely being ruined, then the one who ruins that person’s life should be severely punished because life is very valuable and should serve as a positive example for those who come after us and take our name to form a better society. Another reason that trafficking human trafficking laws should be more severe is that human causes child neglect.. Human trafficking promotes the breakdown of many families in which children or men or women are removed.Family members abandoning other members have led to various cases like severe depression and the most significant of them, emotional child neglect. Because many trafficked members are deported to different places around the world, they have extremely “little to no time” to spend with their loved ones, so they let another person take care of the children” (IBM Lotus Domino Web Access Login.”).Child neglect has lead to teens “[drinking] alcohol in their early stages of life’ to escape from pain, “malnutrition and weight loss”, and a significant “lack of social skills” (“Signs, Symptoms and Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect.”) . When children are neglected at such an early age in their life, they become involved in more “crime” and become negative role models in society (“Protecting Our Children From Abuse and Neglect.”) . Because when one generation becomes old, the next generation to fill in is the youth. The new generation is responsible for “improving” society (“Discussion Documents.” ). If the new generation of youth is flawed, how are we going to improve as a society? Ultimately, Human trafficking not only impacts negatively youth but as a society as a whole.Criminals charged with human trafficking should be charged with harsher penalties because they can negatively change many futures, including corrupting our society and government. If they are causing major damage to the world we live in why should the government give them a second chance? One may refute that charging extended prison sentences to human traffickers is immoral and is unfair because criminals do not have a second chance to change after they are done enduring their sentence. This belief is injustice itself because the criminals who have trafficked people took them away from their families and basically ruined many people’s lives while damaging society at the same time. If the ones who are being trafficked do not get a second chance to restart their lives and live back to normal without facing mental disorder or shame, the why the human traffickers have another chance? Conclusively, in this world, once and for all, human traffickers should have more severe penalties and officials should impose harsher laws because human trafficking ruins the future of children and society and causes severe psychological and health problems for the ones who are being trafficked. Human trafficking is a sinful act that causes the destruction of societies and futures. Imposing harsher laws and control will generate fear in the hearts of the sinned and will cause them not to repeat the action and/ or never to do it. If you want a better society to live, I encourage you to take immediate action and spark a positive change! I'm Emmie! Want to get a unique case study on this topic? Check it out
You are here Lab intro Submitted by rmirley on Fri, 04/27/2018 - 12:51 The purpose of this study is to examine how mutations are affected when different organisms, mutated or not mutated, are mated. Once that has been determined, tetrad analysis can then be used to determine linkage as well as the genotypes of given phenotypes. Yeast are an excellent candidate to test these with due to their simple phenotypes, small size, and quick growth.
What is chemotherapy? Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of cancer may be taken as tablets or, more commonly, given by intravenous drip directly into a vein How can chemotherapy help me? Chemotherapy can be used to: 1. Destroy cancer cells. 2. Stop cancer cells from spreading. 3. Slow the growth of cancer cells. Depending on individual factors such as the type of cancer, where it is and the person’s age and general health, chemotherapy may be used: 1. As the only form of treatment 2. Together with radiotherapy 3. Before surgery to shrink the tumour 4. After surgery to kill off any remaining cancer cells. The major aims of chemotherapy are to: 1. Cure the cancer or increase the chance of cure. 2. Reduce symptoms and improve quality of life 3. Improve survival. Chemotherapy can be given to you as an inpatient (involving an overnight stay in hospital) or, more commonly, as an outpatient (day visit). Your doctor may prescribe one or more drugs depending on the location, type and stage of the cancer. For example, a typical chemotherapy schedule for the treatment of breast cancer includes three different chemotherapy drugs. The way chemotherapy is given depends on individual factors but may include: 1. Injection into a vein (intravenous) 2. Oral tablets or capsules. 3. Very rarely chemotherapy may be given by injection into: 4. The skin (subcutaneous) Chemotherapy is usually given intravenously, which means the drug or drugs are delivered into a vein. Different methods of administering intravenous chemotherapy include: 1. Cannula-this is a thin plastic tube about 1.5cm long that is inserted into a vein in your arm or hand. The drug or drugs are given through an intravenous drip attached to the cannula. The cannula is removed once the drugs have been given. 2. Central line –this may also be called a Hickman line, a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) or a ‘port’. It is a semipermanent ‘drip’ that goes into a large vein nearthe heart and can stay in for several months if necessary. These lines may be put in place, under local anaesthetic, while you are in the xray department (radiology), or in anoperating theatre under a general anaesthetic. A central line can be used to take blood, aswell as to give chemotherapy. Central lines may be used if: 1. You need chemotherapy continuously (for example, 24 hours a day, using a small portable pump) 2. You are likely to need chemotherapy for a long time 3. The chemotherapy might damage small veins 4. It is difficult to put a cannula into your veins. The central line is removed once your chemotherapy treatment is completed. Each person and treatment is different, so it is not always possible to tell how you will feel. Some people feel well enough to keep their normal schedules at home or at work. Others feel more tired. Today many side effects can be prevented or Controlled. When will I get chemotherapy? You may get treatment every day, every week,or every month. The treatment period is followed by a period of rest when you won’t get chemotherapy. This rest period gives your body a chance to build healthy new cells. Not everyone experiences side effects.Side effects depend on the type of drug or drugs administered, the dose and frequency of treatment and on individual factors. Sideeffects can be mild or may be quite severe.It is important to discuss side effects with your doctor or chemotherapy nurses. Side effects can be treated and there are also things that you can do to try to prevent or manage side effects. If side effects are severe, it may be necessary to have a break from treatment, to have a reduced dose, to change treatment or to stop all treatment. Common side effects include: 1. Fatigue 2. Loss of appetite 3. Nausea 4. Vomiting 5. Bowel changes such as diarrhoea or constipation 6. Hair loss (called alopecia) 7. Infection 8. Reduced levels of red and white blood cells and platelets 9. Mouth ulcers or mouth infections 10. Skin problems such as itchiness or extreme light sensitivity. how can we help you? Miss Muskaan looking for the best cancer specialist in mumbai?
Está en la página 1de 4 Yar Bak Professor: L. Bennett ENGL: 1010 Class: T/R 2:30-3:50PM Date: 2/20/2014 Annotated Bibliography Body Image and Eating Disorders Society shows its Influence on Body Image and Eating Disorders approximately 8 million people in the U.S. have eating disorders, about 3% of the entire population. That means that 3 out of every 100 people are diagnosed or suffer from extreme eating habits including starving, binge eating, purging after eating and over exercising in order to get rid of their calorie intake. Eating disorders stem from poor body image and low self-esteem which focuses on the way those with eating disorders view themselves compared to society. Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy. "Hunger for Change in Eating Disorders." Jerusalem Post (International). 17 Feb. 2013: 6. SIRS Issues Researcher.Web. 20 Feb. 2014. In the article Hunger for Change in Eating Disorders, Judy Siegel-Itzkovich says that Dr. Rachel Adatto proposed something called the Photoshop Law at an international conference, which the Israeli Association of Eating Disorders organized. The law, which she conceded is imperfect, prevents the use of presenters or models in advertisements that are anorectic and requires photos that have been doctored with computer programs such as Adobe Photoshop to disclose that fact. A Body Mass Index of 18.5 is considered underweight. This is how the Photoshop Law is regulated; models or presenters aren't allowed to have a lower BMI than 18.5. If their BMI is too low, they can't be in a published advertisement. I think if teenagers weren't constantly seeing unusually thin people, who most likely have and eating disorder, are extremely unhealthy, or are photoshopped, they would feel better about their own bodies. A similar law as the Photoshop Law could help solve the problem of eating disorders and poor body image in the United States. If teens realized that it isn't natural for models and celebrities to look like that, and that a lot of it is photoshopped, they wouldn't chase after an unhealthy and unrealistic body type. Totally in control. (n.d). Social issues research centre. Retrieved from http//: Stacy London, from What Not to Wear, gives an example of the pressure to be thin that lies within magazine companies. She states that she was so devastated that she couldnt be like all the beautiful people she worked with at Vogue", a popular fashion magazine, she consumed tens of thousands of calories a day in order to curb her depression. Stacy could have easily developed an eating disorder like bulimia since she was constantly eating her emotions of not feeling good enough for her work place. She gained a lot of weight, and her fianc left her due to her new look. While being surrounded by "flawless" people, disheartened feelings about the reflection in the mirror and why you dont look as good as they do begin to surface. These feelings, as seen in Stacy Londons story, are what begin to destroy positive body image and that is what eating disorders stem from. The problem is that models in magazines give teenagers motive to starve to perfection so they can look the way they do. However, teenagers do not realize that the pictures they see in the magazines are not natural, the pictures they see are photo shopped. A variety of different things cause poor body image. According to one source, the biggest impacts are making comparisons with others, bullying, media, and celebrities. Social networking is a more recent form of media in our society that causes problems. In an online survey, over half of the participators said that facebook makes them feel more conscious about their weight. Everyone wants to be successful, so the act and try to look the way that media wants to in order to be noticed. Social networking and other media is a problem because it implies that being skinny is necessary to being attractive. In some cases individuals resort to unhealthy and dangerous solutions. These solutions include anorexia and binging and purging, which are clinically diagnosed as eating disorders. Laurance, Jeremy. "Hundreds of Websites Urging Girls to 'Starve for Perfection'." The Independent. 28 Nov. 2012: 16. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 20 Feb. 2014. Eating disorders bring to a close from poor body image and low self-esteem which focuses on the way those with eating disorders view themselves compared to society. Teenagers have become self-conscious about the size of clothes they wear because actors and models wear sizes that the average person cannot fit into. In looking for a quick fix, they pursue unhealthy habits in order to drop weight fast and loose inches - all to fit the image society portrays as beautiful. Keeping this in mind, can the question, is society to blame for the obsession over body image and the mentality that eating disorders are a reasonable solution. In my opinion one of the largest influences on teenage girls is the media. The media pushes body image, clothes, and fast food. At the same time they push weight lose with unrealistic results. Statistics: How many people have eating disorders? (n.d). Anred. Retrieved from Even though a large portion of American teenagers are overweight now or will end up overweight, it is believed that society pressures them to be thin. The overwhelming push for teens to fit into small sizes needs to come to a stop; teenagers are destroying their self-esteem and body image and many are dying every year from eating disorders. America has unrealistic expectations for people these days in wanting everyone to be thin, beautiful, and fit the prototype. The problem is that the definitions for these characteristics vary from person to person. Society, however, has found a way to get across what the ideal body is.
"I have an oven filled with chickens." Translation:Am un cuptor plin cu pui. March 24, 2018 In an earlier exercise, we had a table full of vegetables, "o masă plină de legume." I tried using "plină CU legume," but Duolingo did not accept that. In this case, I tried using "un cuptor plin DE pui," and this was rejected. This is confusing. What is the difference between "plin DE" and "plin CU," and what is the rule governing the differences in their use? March 24, 2018 • 1497 "cuptor plin cu pui" sounds like chicken is the dominant content of the oven (the oven is crammed with chicken). "plin de pui" sounds like either the chickens are alive and happy (like the oven is actually used as an incubator or something and so it is not filled up to the limit), or a chicken exploded inside the oven and now there is a total mess to be cleaned (although most of the content is just air), not so happy. However, the difference is not always as clear as between black and white. Please also see the comments on this page: https://www.duolingo.com/comment/26100733 Here, there once was a room, two kids, and a bucket full of paint (= o găleată plină CU vopsea). Now it is a room full of paint (= o cameră plină DE vopsea). March 24, 2018 Thank you, coto.i, here is a lingot for your explanations. April 4, 2018 why is it not puii (chickens, plural) but is pui (chicken singular)? March 5, 2019 Learn Romanian in just 5 minutes a day. For free.
Female anatomy - what are its features Anatomical differences between a woman and a manmanifest immediately after birth. These are the external signs by which the sex of the child is determined. Although the structure of the body of both sexes has much in common, they differ in their functional capabilities. The female organism is distinguished not only by physiological signs, but also has psychological features. But in this article we will talk about what constitutes the anatomy of the female body. The main and most important function of the femaleorganism is the ability to conceive, bear and give birth to children. This is the most important difference of a woman. This ability is indicated by a number of anatomical signs. In order to successfully perform the functionchildbearing woman should have healthy sexual organs. This is the primary anatomical feature. The development of the female body goes through several stages. It depends on the proper development and functioning of the reproductive system and reproductive system. The first period is 10-12 years from birth. The organism develops and together with it the work of all organs is established. The ovaries are not active at this moment. At the end of the first period, the stage beginspuberty, which lasts for about 20 years. This is the process of turning a girl into a full-fledged woman. During this period, the skeleton, body shape changes significantly and some anatomical signs appear. There is formation of mammary glands, the menstrual cycle is adjusted. The ovaries begin to perform their physiological functions. The organism is set up and is preparing to conceive and bear a child. The final puberty comes to 18-20 years. It is by this time that the woman's body is fully prepared for the function of procreation. There comes a period of puberty, which lastsan average of 15 to 49 years. This period is the most favorable for successful conception, gestation and the birth of a healthy child. Right now the woman's ability to reproduce is determined. Therefore, to this period of life and development, a woman should approach completely healthy. Next comes the period of sexual wilting, when the function of the ovaries decreases and completely ceases. It lasts about 2-3 years. This is the stage of development of the female body. But now let's talk about the features that a woman's body has. Anatomy suggests a few more features that are characteristic of a woman. In addition to healthy genitalia, anatomicala sign are well developed mammary glands. They are formed during puberty. The bones of the pelvis are mostly wider in women than in men. Almost all signs are associated with a childbearing function. The structure of the pelvic bones is due to the woman's ability to have a baby. Another external feature of the female bodyare rounded hips and a soft belly. Such signs are related to the fact that female anatomy presupposes the presence of more fat tissue. In men, on the contrary, the muscle tissue is the most. Female anatomy and all its signs, manifested with the correct production of the body of female sex hormones. It is this fact that affects the proper development and formation of the woman's body. The most important difference between the body of a woman and a man is the structure of the reproductive organs. These are sexual signs, which are called primary. The uterus is the muscle that is necessary for the development of the fetus. It increases as the child grows in the womb. After birth, the uterus returns to normal. Ovaries produce and promote the maturation of the ovum. Also female anatomy includes the followingprimary sexual characteristics: vagina, fallopian tubes, vulva and clitoris. The entire sexual system of the woman's body is a single whole and its main task is the continuation of the human race. Female anatomy and its features are related, mainly, with this function.
Start Planning Independence Day Sierra Leone Independence Day 2019 and 2020 Each 27 April is Independence Day in Sierra Leone to remember the day in 1961 that Sierra Leone gained its freedom from British rule. 201927 AprSatIndependence Day 202027 AprMonIndependence Day While native Africans had long inhabited what is now Sierra Leone, the first European visitors on record were the Portuguese in the late 1400’s. But it was the British in the 1600’s and 1700’s who gained dominance of the region. In 1787, the British founded Granville Town; and in 1882, they founded Freetown. The colonisation of Sierra Leone got into full swing from then on. The colony was founded as a place for freed slaves to settle and a base in Africa to be used to suppress the African slave trade. Despite the noble ambitions of the colony’s founders, there was much injustice in the colony, and an independence movement arose during the 1950’s. Internal self-rule was allowed in 1953, and full independence was granted on 27 April, 1961. On Independence Day, there are many patriotic speeches, parades, music concerts, feasts, and cultural events. There is also an annual Independence Ball that attracts a lot of attention.
Could you answer these kids' maths questions? Media playback is unsupported on your device Could you answer these primary school maths questions? National tests in England for primary school children, known as Sats, start this week. It’s the second year the much-debated exams are under a tougher regime, with a higher pass mark in place. So, could you answer a Sats paper? Jan Bruck got out his blackboard and went to find out. • 08 May 2017 Go to next video: Sats: Nearly 9 in 10 feel pressure
Clint Newman, DDS Bad Breath By Clint Newman on July 08, 2014 Suffering from Chronic Bad Breath? (Halitosis) If you want to make a strong impression, it's important that you have a smile that's healthy and looks great. But that's only part of the equation. It's also important that you avoid making a bad impression, and few things can make a worse impression than bad breath. Sometimes bad breath is just a temporary problem, but other times, people may suffer from serious, chronic bad breath that can adversely affect their personal and professional lives. In such cases, a skilled Nashville dentist can be of great help. Let's look at bad breath right now and how the issue can be appropriately addressed. What usually causes bad breath? In most cases, bad breath is caused by the bacteria that naturally occurs in the mouth. This is the same bacteria related to gum disease and tooth decay, and is often located on the tongue. The bad breath can be worsened by dry mouth and other issues in the mouth, such as severe gum disease and tooth decay. When you visit our Nashville cosmetic dentistry center, we will always work hard to ensure your mouth is as clean as possible. Other Causes of Bad Breath In addition to bacteria in the mouth, bad breath can be linked to other systemic problems. For instance, sinus infections and other issues with the nasal cavities can cause bad breath. The tonsils can similarly be a source of bad breath, particularly if a person has developed tonsilloliths (calcified matter trapped around the tonsil area). Issues with the esophagus, lungs, and stomach can also result in problems with the breath, as can systemic diseases and disorders. Dental Hygiene and Bad Breath In order to combat most cases of bad breath, it's imperative that people practice basic dental hygiene and at-home care. That means brushing at least twice a day (ideally after every meal) and flossing every night. It's also important to clean the tongue, either with your toothbrush or with a special tongue scraper. Since the bacteria that causes bad breath often congregates on the tongue, this can make a major difference. Professional Treatment for Bad Breath When you undergo professional treatment for bad breath, it will be imperative that we address the exact cause of the bad breath. Sometimes this meas dealing with tooth decay and gum disease, while other times it means assessing the overall health of various structures of the mouth and throat for proper diagnosis. We will work diligently with you and address any concerns you may have during every step of your treatment. Other Dental Care Options to Consider In addition to the above dental care treatments, we are pleased to offer patients a comprehensive host of procedures that will improve the overall health and appearance of their smiles, including teeth whitening, porcelain veneers, and Nashville dental crowns. Learn More About Your Dental Health Needs For more information about treating bad breath and how we can help you with professional treatments, be sure to contact our Nashville cosmetic and restorative dentistry center today. The entire team looks forward to meeting you in person and discussing these matters in greater detail. Get In Touch Rate, Review & Explore Social Accounts Sprite Nashville Office 3796 Bedford Ave Ste 201 Nashville, TN 37215 Open Today 8:00am - 5:00pm More Info Directions (615) 385-3507
Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website. Skip to main content Protecting control systems Internet of things Industrial control systems are essential to our daily life. They control the water we drink, the electricity we rely on and the transport that moves us all. It is critical that cyber threats to industrial control systems are understood and mitigated appropriately to ensure essential services continue to provide for everyone. Providing cyber security for control systems present several unique challenges, including: • lack of security in engineering protocols • the need to re-test engineering systems after upgrades • long life-cycles (20 through to 50 years) • the addition of many IT protocols, such as network time protocol (NTP) and address resolution protocol (ARP), to the engineering environment • control environment devices may not be set up to receive or respond to messages from standard IT debugging and analysis tools Understand your threat environment Before appropriate mitigations can be chosen, you must understand: • Who might target your organisation? • What particular infrastructure might they target? • How bad could the impact from an attack on each of the parts of your infrastructure be? Threat modelling your organisation will help answer some of these questions to identify what systems are critical for delivering essential services, and will allow you to appropriately set priorities and budget for cyber hardening activities. Essential control system mitigations Here are some essential mitigation strategies you can implement to protect your industrial control systems from a range of cyber threats. Use them where appropriate based on the outcomes of threat modelling activities. 1. Tightly control or prevent external access to the control system network; segregate it from other networks such as the corporate network and the Internet. 2. Implement two-factor authentication for privileged accounts and access originating from corporate or external networks. 3. Disable unused external ports on control system devices. 4. Visibly mark authorised devices inside the control system environment with organisation-unique anti-tamper stickers. 5. Make regular backups of system configurations and keep them isolated. Test the restoration procedure and validate the backup integrity periodically. 6. Regularly review firewall settings are in an expected state. 7. Prevent devices inside the control system network from making connections to the corporate network or the Internet. 8. Enable logging on control system devices and store logs in a centralised location. Institute regular monitoring and incident response practices to ensure that anomalies are identified, investigated and managed in a timely fashion. 9. Define a process for introducing external software and patches into the control system. Where necessary (on exceptionally critical components), review code and whitelist approved binaries. 10. Use vendor-supported applications and operating systems, and patch associated security vulnerabilities in a timely manner. July 1st, 2018
Grumpy? Quick, get a hug! Having trouble getting into the Holiday spirit? Feel as though there’s a grey cloud above your head? Ask for a hug! According to a new Canadian study, people who get regular hugs are the most likely to report good mental health, even more so than individuals who regularly attend religious worship. Generally speaking, Canadians seem happy. This study found that over 60 percent of the population reported having excellent or very good mental health. The national survey also revealed that people who said they got hugs “all the time” were twice as likely as those who didn’t to say their mental health was excellent. This makes sense, since displays of affection have a direct link to being part of an active, loving community. The respondents who reported good mental health were also more likely to say they had a friend to turn to when they had problems. At the same time, the way participants described their mental health didn’t change at all as a result of how often they attended religious worship or if they described themselves as being very spiritual. However, this doesn’t rule out the mental health benefits of being spiritual, especially in times of stress, since several studies in the past have noted that the incidence of depression and anxiety is lower among religious individuals than in the general population. It seems that religion plays a positive role in how people adapt to major life changes. In any case, don’t hesitate to take advantage of the hugs you are offered… and why not show the affection you have for your loved ones with a warm embrace? New Year’s Day is certainly the perfect day to fill up on hugs!
Negative Externalities Explore one of the four market failures and the role of government in negative externalities. In this video, an economics instructor discusses what occurs when costs spillover to someone other than producers and how the government attempts to fix such issues. 3 Views 1 Download CCSS: Adaptable Instructional Ideas • Because the instructor is attempting to explain the concept in 60 seconds or less, he moves quickly through the material. Consider having pupils watch this video at home so they can move through it at their own pace Classroom Considerations • Learners should have an understanding of general costs in a free market and corresponding graphs illustrating the concept prior to beginning this video • Uses examples that are understandable and easy to approach • Instructor supports explanations by illustrating on a whiteboard • None Common Core
Reading Rewires Your Brain For More Intelligence And Empathy According To Research With the easy access of the internet, more and more people are reading. Yet, not all reading offers the same benefits. Scrolling for headlines or gathering information under 140 characters does not give the same benefits as contemplating through a narrative of a good story. According to research, reading books and especially novels, provides lots of benefits, like enhancing your intelligence and empathic abilities. Here’s how: 5 Ways Reading Rewires Your Brain For More Intelligence And EmpathyReading Rewires Your Brain For Intelligence And Empathy Research 1. Reading creates a new white matter in the brain. In 2009, a study of 72 children ages 8 to 10 discovered that reading creates a new white matter in the brain, which improves system-wide communication. This white matter carries information between regions of grey matter where information is being processed. Reading helps the information to be processed more efficiently. 2. Reading helps you learn a new language. While reading in one language provides benefits, reading in a foreign language improves your communication skills as well. The regions of your brain involved in spatial navigation and learning new information increase in size. When you learn a new language, your overall memory also improves. 3. Language affects the regions of your brain Neuroscience also found that language affects regions of your brain involving actions of what you’re reading about. For instance, reading “soap” and “lavender” activates the parts of your brain associated with scent; while it remains inactive when you read “chair”. But if you read “leather chair” your sensory cortex fires up. When you read something that involves physical movement, let’s say “squats”, your motor cortex activates. Athletes are able to master their skills because of having long envisioned their movements. The serve of Serena Williams, the kicks of Conor McGregor, or the bursts of speed of Usain Bolt started off as visions in their minds while they move to achieve the desired proficiency. This is how visualization techniques work. 4. Reading increases your empathy. Novel reading is one way of enhancing your empathy. When you’re considerably absorbed with what you’re reading, you come to feel the joy and pain the characters go through, as if you actually experience them. You enter completely into other people’s thoughts. Because of this, you get to see the world through their eyes. This provides a profound implications on your interactions with others. For example, you meet a mischievous 13-year-old boy. Previously, you’ve read about such situation in a book. Instead of summoning your wits for the right actions to take, you based your decisions on the lessons you’ve gathered about how young boys figure out life. And you make your move according to that understanding. 5. Reading helps in comprehension and emotional intelligence. Even when you feel the need to troll someone online for their opinions that you disliked, having an understanding that a true human expressed them makes you choose your words more intelligently and wisely. Research shows that comprehension and emotional intelligence are achieved through reading. Because of it, you’re able to make smarter decisions for yourself and the people around you. In 2011, a study published in the Annual Review of Psychology found an overlap in brain regions used to comprehend stories and networks dedicated to interactions with others. Aside from that, research at Stanford showed a neurological difference between reading for pleasure and focused reading. Blood flows to different neural areas depending on how reading is conducted. Like any other practice, the more you read, the more you increase your reading skills, comprehension, and emotional intelligence. While your purpose of reading might either be to be informed or to be entertained, reading gives you benefits you’re even unaware of. Besides, you can never tell how an engaging story will turn out to be or will make you feel as you immerse yourself in a world beyond space and time. Source: Conscious ReminderBig Think;
The Roman Army In The Early Republic By Sagiri Pending Moderator Review Since the Early Roman Republic, the army was learning to be a major part of the lives of the people. Battles and wars were fought just about every year, and it was common to have rituals to signify the beginning and end of the plans for the year. During the time of the republic, the army was exclusively a army, and all citizens were liable for service (provided they were economically able to own some land) within the regarded military age of seventeen to forty-six. A selection process happened called dilectus annually. All men of military age were necessary to go to the capitol of Rome for possible employment. Citizens with property valued at over 400 Denariia gold money that was the rule form of cost in the Roman timeswere liable for service. Clicking aria vip services certainly provides warnings you can give to your father. Be taught further on this affiliated article directory by clicking aria cabana. When enrolled in military service, the men were needed to serve no more than sixteen years, but usually were only anticipated to serve six years with a callable period for the residual five years. Las Vegas Rehab Party includes additional information concerning the inner workings of it. Some went into service only one year at the same time, and until their six years were up the selection process would be attended by then every year. It absolutely was not uncommon that youths who were qualified for military service offered in a campaign for a few years in their lives. The military also gave the opportunity to give glory and honor to the family name, though there clearly was more pressure on the elite and rich property class to get this done. This is yet another essential aspect that influenced the lives of the Roman people. Being a expert or hero and serving in the military was among the biggest honors a Roman may have. He was also respected, In case a particular officer acquired influence and enough power through the army and quite often had host to power and leadership in the senate. Visiting vegas cabana maybe provides tips you could use with your pastor. Therefore, the army directly was linked to the balance of power within the political world of the empire. In while they now managed the Italian Peninsula south of the Po River, the late third century B.C., the army of the Roman Republic was just emerging as a strong power. The army was now fast becoming an offensive war machine. What made the army during this period so successful? The biggest contributor was the crucial characteristic of being able to modify and improve. After fighting with the Greeks and as their major tactical creation the famous phalanx that was used by other societies, the Romans adapted a more flexible and looser fighting approach, which had a definite tactical advantage within the phalanx. Also, the struggle with Hannibal showed that brilliant generals with inferior numbers might crush an of superior numbers with less able generals. Rome realized that they needed to superior management to be a powerful fighting force..
Skip Nav Server Error Literature Research ❶Students, members of the community, and users worldwide will find information to assist with many writing projects. Works over time have evolved with the passage of time and era, reflecting the thoughts and opinions of the ages and people that have read them. 404 - File or directory not found. Get free study materials Research Related What is a NOT a Literature Review? Librarian for Education, Kinesiology, and Recreation Main Topics Privacy Policy III. Analysis/Argument- Core of the essay A. Breaks down the thesis into sub-points (separate paragraph for each) 1. Establishes broad points 2. Identifies each point and defines it 3. Narrows each point with specific details 4. Shows comparisons or contrasts to be analyzed B. Gives reasons for points or arguments that you make 1. Privacy FAQs About Our Ads Literature Research It is recommended to approach this stage after you have chosen the proper topic, analyzed it in details and brainstormed key ideas. Creating an academic essay is very likely to be based on literature research – the task that can be considered unconquerable by many students. 7 Literary Essay Examples & Samples Part of submissions you give in school are essays. Essay writing is introduced in school is largely due to prepare a student or individual for work which also involves writing essays of sorts. Cookie Info HOW TO WRITE A LITERARY ANALYSIS ESSAY The purpose of a literary analysis essay is to carefully examine and sometimes evaluate a work of literature or an aspect of a work of literature. A Guide to Writing the Literary Analysis Essay. I. INTRODUCTION: the first paragraph in your begins creatively in order to catch your reader’s interest, provides essential background about the literary work, and.
What Do You Know About Options July 16, 2018 Comments Off on What Do You Know About Options Quitting Smoking for Beneficial Reasons Everyone knows the effects of smoking to one’s health, by this time, which are lung or oral cancer, heart disease, stroke, and that its adverse effects that show in a smoker, such as shortness of breath, dull, dry skin, flaky nails, and thinning hair, such that all these unpleasant effects on a smoker’s health are seriously telling the smoker to decide now and act quickly to stop smoking, as there are serious reasons why smokers should stop, aside from the health risks. Savings on money Endangering others through smoking With over forty known carcinogens out of inhaling cigarette smoke, this is the effect of second-hand smoke, smoke inhaled involuntarily from cigarette or tobacco being smoked by others, and many smokers are not fully aware of the danger that they are causing to others, that’s why most public areas have strict no smoking rules, which include smoking around other people outside the house; therefore, smokers should think seriously of other’s health and lives. The signs of premature aging can be avoided When one is a habitual smoker, a biochemical change can happen in the body where the skin tissue is deprived of oxygen when the blood vessels are constricted, as a result, the flow of blood to the skin decreases, causing the skin to dry out and wrinkle, this effect is one of the biggest problems faced by smokers, like experiencing changes in their skin such as wrinkles and fine lines, dry, leathery skin, which is actually the effect of premature aging; therefore, revive the youthful skin back by quitting smoking. Stop smelling like an ashtray A smoker cannot hide the smell he/she has from smoking, like the smell of an ashtray, because it is everywhere from the hair, clothes, immediate surroundings, smell of the hand, and even the smell of smoker’s breath, such that, unknowingly, smokers are not aware that people avoid them because of the smell; therefore, a smoker should seriously consider to quit smoking and enjoy fresh air again in the company of his/her friends. Have whiter teeth
Introduction to Classical Mechanics Classical mechanics is the first of two areas of physics whose name features the word "mechanics", the other being quantum mechanics (which we shall look at elsewhere). Suffice to say that quantum mechanics deals with the behaviour of matter and energy at the sub-atomic level, whereas classical mechanics, whilst also concerned with the behaviour of matter and energy, deals with macroscopic objects - in other words, things that we can (usually) see with our own eyes, and which are relatively easy to measure. The study of mechanics has been going on for thousands of years and is perhaps one of the oldest and most wide-ranging areas of scientific study. We begin by looking at Newtonian Mechanics - the physical laws that describe the behaviour of bodies under the influence of one or more forces. The name reflects the fact that many of its principles can be derived, either directly or indirectly, from the physical laws formulated by Sir Isaac Newton. The field of classical mechanics has grown considerably since the days of Newton. It now provides us with an explanation for virtually every kind of phenomenon involving motion of some kind. Newton's laws deal with force, mass and motion and the relationship between them. They are certainly still relevant, and provide us with a good place to start, but they are only the beginning of the story. Equally important are the laws concerning the conservation of energy and momentum which, although certainly derived from Newton's work, were not formulated by Newton himself but by those who followed. And there is plenty more. Those studying classical mechanics can expect to learn, for example, about the behaviour of solids, liquids and gases in different environments, or about the thermodynamic characteristics of various materials. The aim of these pages is to provide a starting point for further study.
International Women's Day is celebrated on March 8. After the Socialist Party of America organized a Women's Day in 1909, the 1910 International Socialist Woman's Conference suggested a Women's Day be held annually. After women gained suffrage in Soviet Russia in 1917, March 8 became a national holiday there. The day was then predominantly celebrated by the socialist movement and communist countries until it was adopted in 1975 by the United Nations.
• Join over 1.2 million students every month • Accelerate your learning by 29% • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month Analyse the ways that the director builds up suspense and scares the audience in Jaws. Extracts from this document... Analyse the ways that the director builds up suspense and scares the audience in "Jaws." The film is called JAWS and is successfully Directed by Steven Spielberg. I will be analyzing how Spielberg builds up suspense and scares the audience throughout this film, considering how camera shots, music and characters reactions help to build this effect. The film is purposely named Jaws as it is about a supernatural predator that killed many people with his deadly Jaws. It is masterful, and realistic, tapping into the most primal of human fear. The film Jaws is an example of Classical Narrative structure. It has the three basic elements of the classical structure: setup, confrontation, and resolution. It is set in 1975 on a fictional island called Amity in America; now known as Long Island which is more precisely in the state of New England. The film Jaws is about Chief Brody, who moves to Amity Island from New York. During his first summer, Brody is faced with shark attacks. His first reaction is to close the beaches, but the Mayor (Murray Hilton) will not let him do that. Chief Brody (Roy Scheider), along with marine biologist Hooper (Richard Dreyfuss), and shark hunter Quint(Robert Shaw), go out onto the water and hunt the shark. The story Jaws reflects the story of Moby Dick. In the story of Moby Dick, Captain Ahab is searching for one specific whale; Moby Dick, a white whale of tremendous size and ferocity, also Moby Dick has an unusual intelligence. Quint is searching for one specific shark; Jaws, also a tremendous size with huge ferocity and he also has an unusual intelligence. Ahab wants revenge because Moby Dick destroyed Ahab's boat and some of his leg! Quint wants revenge because sharks killed his fellow soldiers and his friend. Another thing that is similar is that Moby Dick toys with the Captain, just as Jaws did, and both Captains tried to kill their target with harpoon guns. ...read more. There is then a cut to a point of view shot acting as the shark attacking Alex. The music is still playing loud, (non-diegetic) the diegetic sounds are: the screaming people; the talking of people and the waves of the ocean. There is a quick cut to a level close up reaction shot of Chief Brody. The music is getting louder and faster as people run into the water. As the last few people run out of the water on the beach the music starts to soften and finally stops. This implies that the shark has left. The camera cuts to a level medium shot Alex's mother( Mrs Kintner, Lee Fierro) then a cut to a close up reaction shot of her distraught and confused face screaming out for her son. A cut is then used now showing the waves brush the yellow lilo covered in stains of red on the shore. (The lilo is intentionally yellow so the amount of blood and the damage done to it is emphasised.) All is silent apart from the diegetic sound of the waves. The second attack follows the first attack very closely but it is totally different! This time it is set in the middle of the day, therefore there are a lot of people about. Alex doesn't fight back whereas Chrissie did. Also in the second attack we see a lot of blood however in the first attack there is an absence of blood! The Director has built up the fear of the shark in many different ways. One way is music. Whenever we hear the suspense tune we always think of the shark and we always think he is about to attack! The music creates suspense, which automatically creates fear. Another thing that builds up the fear for the shark is showing the damage it can do. Physically and emotionally. An example of this is the morning the half-eaten hand is found. ...read more. Quint slides towards Jaws, he is attacked, Jaws bites through Quint's spinal cord killing him! This is creating more tension because we think Hooper is dead and Quint is dead so Brody, the person with the least knowledge about sharks, is left on his own! Jaws is picking them off one by one! The boat is sinking fast! Jaws tries to attack Brody, this gives the audience a shock because there is no music or anything to suggest that Jaws is coming, this creates more tension. Brody throws an oxygen tank into Jaws' mouth. He then climbs onto the crow's nest to buy himself some more time. Brody doesn't know much about sharks but he knows a lot about weapons so he uses that knowledge to try and kill Jaws. Brody shoots at Jaws as he is swiftly swimming towards him and just at the right moment Brody shoots the oxygen tank, blowing it and Jaws up! Chief Brody is over the moon. It is calm again and we can hear the diegetic sound of birds and the water. Amazingly Hooper is not dead and appears, untouched! The two laugh together and swim away back to shore to the sound of victorious music. A happy ending! In my opinion the scariest part of the movie is the part when Jaws unexpectedly tries to attack Brody. I think the silence makes it scarier because the audience don't know that anything is coming. The camera quickly cuts to an extreme close up of Jaws as he attacks and I think it is quite a tense and scary moment in the film. My favourite part of the film is the scene Quint is attacked, I like the gore and I think that it is quite funny that even though Quint wanted revenge for the sharks killing his friends it was l was the shark getting revenge over Quint for him killing the sharks he has. Overall I think it is a good film and I think that tension and fear has been enforced throughout the film very well. ?? ?? ?? ?? Jaime Raynor-Joyce ...read more. The above preview is unformatted text Found what you're looking for? • Start learning 29% faster today • 150,000+ documents available • Just £6.99 a month Not the one? Search for your essay title... • Join over 1.2 million students every month • Accelerate your learning by 29% • Unlimited access from just £6.99 per month See related essaysSee related essays Related GCSE Audience and Production Analysis essays White is used in contrast to black but can also have many various meanings such as emptiness and purity. In the titles the contrast of black and white is used which has a striking effect. A range of colours are used throughout the film to represent different themes or contrasts in the opening of the film in particular. First, you get a point of view shot from Mitch's mother as she is walking into the room. This then moves across the room, a panning shot, so we could be see the damage that the birds had caused. We then get a glimpse of the farmer lying on the floor, dead. 1. Marketing plan for the Hindustan Times. The likelihood is that a person reads more than one newspapers would spend more time on medium then someone who just read one newspaper and it can be clearly observed that there is a huge difference between heavy users and light users of Hindustan times. This would have been created by technology but I personally think that it looks unrealistic. Also in the film when Dracula returns from the battle he rushes past the guards which are standing at each side of the door still holding sticks with fire on top of them. 1. Jaws. Spielberg uses many devices to build fear of the shark; the most obvious ... This makes the viewer tense and wanting to tell the character in the story to get away from the shark but the viewer cannot. This supplies nervousness and anxiety. When the shark is attacking the viewer sees a sudden close-up of Brody so that the viewer can feel how he feels. 2. Analysis of Top Gun With Duke Mitchell classified as dead, Maverick has a reputation to live up to. Charlie even asks Maverick that "Is that why you're always second best up there?" As at the beginning of the film, Charlie had teased Maverick, it appears that Maverick has replied back by leaving Charlie unsatisfied to have a shower. 1. Examine some of the ways in which Charles Dickens creates vivid and memorable characters ... Here a compassion can be made because both Magwitch and Abel were let down by their friends. Charles Dickens could possibly used 'Mag' from the word magpie because it makes you believe that he steals things. 'Witch' has been used because we know that witches are bad and evil. The blue has connotations of sterility and medicine. John Woo uses this to cause the audience to know it is a sterile laboratory and to remind them of the medicine being produced: ?Bellerophon?. The green has connotations of organisms, because it is the colour of leaves, and poison. • Over 160,000 pieces of student written work • Annotated by experienced teachers • Ideas and feedback to improve your own work
Ten hats were hung on pegs as shown in the illustration--five silk hats and five felt "bowlers," alternately silk and felt. The two pegs at the end of the row were empty. The puzzle is to remove two contiguous hats to the vacant pegs, then two other adjoining hats to the pegs now unoccupied, and so on until five pairs have been moved and the hats again hang in an unbroken row, but with all the silk ones together and all the felt hats together. Remember, the two hats removed must always be contiguous ones, and you must take one in each hand and place them on their new pegs without reversing their relative position. You are not allowed to cross your hands, nor to hang up one at a time. Can you solve this old puzzle, which I give as introductory to the next? Try it with counters of two colours or with coins, and remember that the two empty pegs must be left at one end of the row. THE GROCER AND DRAPER. THE HAT-PEG PUZZLE. facebooktwittergoogle_plusredditpinterestlinkedinmail
Spiders are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, and fangs that can inject venom. They rank seventh in total species diversity among all other groups of organisms. Spiders are found all over the world on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every habitat, excluding air and sea colonization. There are approximately 40,000 spider species that exist throughout the world. While the venom of a few types of spiders is dangerous to humans, scientists are now researching the use of spider venom in medicine and as non-polluting pesticides. Spider silk provides a combination of lightness, strength and elasticity that is superior to that of synthetic materials, and spider silk genes have even been inserted into mammals and plants to see if these can be used as silk factories. As a result of their wide range of behaviors, spiders have become common symbols in art and mythology symbolizing various combinations of patience, cruelty and creative powers. Female spiders can lay up to 3,000 eggs in one or more silk egg sacs, which maintain a fairly constant level of humidity. Some female spider die after laying eggs, but females of other species will protect the sacs by attaching them to their webs, hiding them in their nests, carrying them in their body or simply attaching them to their body and dragging them along. Most spiders will only bite humans in self-defense, and very few bites produce worse effects than, say, a mosquito bite or bee sting. Most of those with medically serious bites, such as recluse spiders and widow spiders, are shy and bite only when they feel threatened, although this can easily arise by accident. Funnel web spiders’ defensive tactics are very aggressive and their venom, although they rarely inject much, has resulted in 13 known human deaths. On the flip side, the Brazilian wandering spider requires very little provocation before it will bite a human. In the twentieth century, there were about 100 reliably reported deaths from spider bites, but there were approximately 1,500 deaths from jellyfish stings. Spiders are generally good to have around because they help to minimize the population of harmful insects. The problem arises, however, when they negatively affect humans. The mere sight of a spider can be a real scare for some people. Aside from that, many spiders do bite humans, and are poisonous, so it is a good idea to have a Pest Control Company treat your home for spiders. Several spiders pose a serious threat to humans. The two spiders that are the deadliest to humans in the United States are the Black Widow and the Brown Recluse. Since a few people die each year from the bite of either of these two spiders, it’s extremely important for any person that is bitten by one of these spiders to seek treatment immediately. In some cases, hospitalization may be necessary. Black Widow Spider Black Widow 071107 091rThe Black Widow spider can be easily recognized because she is black with a red hourglass on the underside of her abdomen. The male is considerably smaller than the female, and he has a body up to half an inch long. The Black Widow typically remains outdoors. Their webs are very messy and don’t exhibit the circular patterns you may be used to in more common cobweb spiders. Black Widow spiders tend to stay in secluded and cluttered areas like garages, sheds, basements, and crawlspaces. The venom that these spiders posses contains neurotoxins that can be fatal to humans but usually only the very young and the elderly are at severe risk. Brown Recluse Spider Brown-recluse-coin-editThe Brown Recluse spider has a darker brown hourglass on its back. The Brown Recluse loves to be indoors and generally stays out of sight. It may never be seen until you reach into a dark spot where it is hiding. Then it will bite. There are plenty of other spiders in the United States, such as the Grass Spider, Wolf Spider, Hobo Spider, and the Saint Andrew’s Cross Spider, just to name a few. These spiders do not have the same strong venom in their bite, but it is very painful and treatment may be required. The best way to prevent spiders in your home is to have the exterior of your home treated regularly to prevent them from entering. Another way is to vacuum regularly paying particular attention to corners and out of the way areas where spiders prefer to live. Female spiders can lay up to 3,000 eggs in one or more silk egg sacs. Ensuring that you vacuum up webs and egg sacs will reduce spider populations around your home. If you have noticed spiders in your home, call us. We will present the best and safest way to eliminate your spider problem, and make recommendations about how to keep them away in the future.
Category Archives: Mathematics lessons When a Maths Curse is a Good Curse! In one of my previous posts I wrote about the use of children’s literature to encourage rich mathematical investigations and improve student engagement with mathematics. One of my favourite books, Math Curse by John Szieska and Lane Smith, is described in the blog post as a great way to engage reluctant learners. Even better, Math Curse encourages children (and their teachers) to see the mathematics that is embedded in every aspect of our lives. In this post I am going to share some student work from a Grade 3 classroom. In this classroom, the teacher read the book to the students before challenging them create their own class maths curse. The children took their own photographs, and working in small groups, they came up with a range of mathematical problems and investigations, which they then gave to other groups to solve. Here are some of the photos with their accompanying questions: 1. If one of the beyblades spins for 2 minutes and 31 seconds and the other one spins for 1 minute and 39 seconds what is the difference between the two times? 2. If one of the beyblades spins for 1 minute and 1 second and another spins for 78 seconds, which beyblade spun for the longest and by how long? 1. If there are 31 people in the class (10 boys and 21 girls) and all of them have hair that is 30cm long. Half of the boys cut 10cm off their hair, the other half cut 20cm off their hair. How long is the classes hair now altogether? How long was it before? How much hair has been cut altogether? 4. I have 5 friends that are girls and 2 friends that are boys. All 5 girls have hair length of 50cm. The boys both have different lengths of hair. The 1st boy has 30cm of hair, the second has 25cm of hair. What is the difference between the 1st boy and the girls and the 2nd boy and the girls? Birthday Balloons: 2. How many days are there in 6 years? From Problem Solving to Problem Posing Student Reflection The students who wrote the examples above completed a structured written reflection following the sequence of designing and solving each others’ maths curses. Here are some of reflection prompts and a sample of responses: What did you enjoy about today’s learning? “working with my team” “working at the problems for a long time and then finally getting them after a long, hard discussion” “solving questions that my friends wrote” “I felt challenged and I learnt more about what maths is” “working with my group, choosing our own questions and learning something new” “I liked the chess card the best because we had to solve it together and use problem solving” “having a go at tricky questions even if i got them wrong” Did you learn anything new? “how to work things out in different ways” “working in groups helps you learn more skills” “not every question uses just one skill like addition, division, multiplication or subtraction” “when I am challenged I learn more” “Maths is not always easy” “how to work together” “Everyone in the group has different responses so we needed proof to figure out the right one” What surprised you about this task? “It surprised me how hard my own questions were” “I didn’t know that we could come up with so many interesting questions” “I got some questions wrong “ “It was hard but if we put our brains into gear we could figure it out” “I was able to play while doing maths” Using activities such as this provides multiple benefits for students. Contextualising the mathematics using students’ interests highlights the relevance of the curriculum, improves student engagement, and makes mathematics meaningful, fun and engaging! Fifty Shades of Grading: Assessment & Primary Mathematics Now that I’ve got your attention, let’s talk about assessment practices and primary mathematics. Some time ago I wrote a post about assessment, and I’m updating it here because I continue to have concerns about why, how, when and what we are assessing in our primary mathematics classrooms. Another concern is related to the quality of assessment tasks. I have seen many tasks that are poorly worded or poorly set out, or have diagrams that can only lead to confusion or misconceptions. Often tasks test mathematical content but do not provide opportunities for students to express their reasoning. A student can achieve a correct answer while maintaining a misconception – if we don’t ask them about their thinking, are we really assessing their true ability? A recipe for success: Critical ingredients for a successful mathematics lesson What are the ingredients for a good mathematics lesson? Teachers are continually faced with a range of advice or ideas to improve their mathematics lessons. It’s a little bit like recipes. New cookbooks appear on bookstore shelves, but often they’re just adaptations of recipes that have been around before, and their foundation ingredients are tried and tested, and often evidence based. There are always the staple ingredients and methods that are required for the meal to be successful. The following is a list of what I consider to be important ingredients when planning and teaching a successful mathematics lesson. The list (or recipe) is split into two: lesson planning and lesson structure. Lesson planning: Lesson Structure: There are many variables to the ingredients for a good mathematics lesson, but most importantly, know what you are teaching, provide opportunities for all students to achieve success, and be enthusiastic and passionate about mathematics!
Maryland Environmental Service, on behalf of the Maryland Department of Transportation Maryland Port Administration, works with local organizations and schools to place hatchling terrapins in classrooms. The juvenile turtles from the Paul S. Sarbanes Ecosystem Restoration Project at Poplar Island live in classrooms from fall through the following spring. Students provide all care to the terrapins. They collect growth data, observe behavior, learn care and husbandry protocol, and research the natural history of our state reptile. Head starting allows the hatchlings to grow to the size of a 2-3 year old wild juvenile terrapin in just nine months. Poplar terrapins are being raised and released through several programs: Poplar Island is a one-of-a-kind 1,140-acre restoration project off Tilghman Island in the Chesapeake Bay. Poplar Island, which had eroded to five acres by 1993, is being restored to its 1847 footprint using sediment dredged from the shipping channels approaching the Port of Baltimore. A lack of land predators, undisturbed sandy shorelines, and a variety of habitat types make Poplar an ideal terrapin nesting site. Before the head start terrapins are released back on the beaches of Poplar Island, they are implanted with a Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tag. If these terrapins are ever recaptured, they can be scanned and identified. Dr. Roosenburg’s study is trying to answer the question of whether having a “head start” really gives these terrapins a higher chance of surviving in the wild. Through this program, students are playing an important role in relevant, cutting-edge research focused on the conservation of the species. The combination of scientific applications, hands-on involvement, and the emotional attachment to the terrapins provides a unique opportunity to inspire a meaningful connection with the Chesapeake Bay.
Kudzu, Addiction, and the Body’s Ecosystem Kudzu is a perennial vine native to Japan and Southeast Asia. It was originally introduced to the United States in 1876 during the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition, then it began being promoted as a great ornamental plant in the 1930’s through the 1950’s. The problem with kudzu is that it is an invasive species with vines that crawl and cover all other local plants, blocking them from reaching sunlight and massively affecting the entire ecosystem. Kudzu’s superficially beautiful blooms and sweet smell hide the fact that its roots and vines are overtaking all other plants in the area and stifling their ability to grow. Addiction works much like an invasive species. Who we are at the core of our being is made up of countless different personality traits, talents, and quirks. Our minds are a vast ecosystem of blooming ideas and growing life goals and ambitions. When we introduce something external that alters the ecosystem of our bodies, we run the risk of greatly affecting our physical, mental, and spiritual balance. Initially, our drug use may seem insignificant. We are not facing great consequences, our lives feel manageable, and we are not worried about losing our ability to regulate or moderate our use. However, our addiction, like kudzu, has other plans. Just as we can be taken in the beauty of the plant’s sweet smell and large leaves, we can be taken in by the feeling of peace and perceived happiness that we experience from intoxication. However, soon the vines begin to kill all neighboring plants and trees by “smothering them under a solid blanket of leaves, encircling woody stems and tree trunks, and breaking branches or uprooting entire trees and shrubs,” according to The Nature Conservancy. It becomes clear that the vines are acting on the external ecosystem in the same way that addiction acts on our internal ecosystems. As the vines of addiction stamp out our true wants, desires, ambitions, and goals, soon all that remains is the powerful singular drive for alcohol and drugs. Removing kudzu requires more than just cutting away the vines, it requires that we completely eradicate its extensive root system. In this manner, addiction is more than just not drinking or using drugs– we go through a process of entirely detoxifying our bodies of all traces of drugs and alcohol and begin to work on identifying and addressing all root causes that contributed to our problem. Your life can become one of personal and spiritual growth in recovery. You can make the courageous decision to seek help now and begin building a brighter future in sobriety. Oceanfront Recovery, a treatment center in the heart of beautiful Laguna Beach, is staffed with compassionate professionals who understand the disease of addiction from every angle and are dedicated to providing clients with all the tools necessary to achieve and maintain sobriety. For information about individualized treatment options, please call today: (877) 279-1777
Skip to the content Medicine: Information on access to medicines is not readily available. As a proxy of access, WHO surveys showed that: a) Availability of core medicines varied considerably among countries, and b) Availability of medicines was generally lower in the public sector than in the private sector (WHO, 2012a). Both of these outcomes are vital. The former outcome indicates the heterogeneity in terms of availability of the medicines across the OIC countries while the latter implies the hegemony of the private sector as being the main provider of the medicine for the patient. However, it should be noted that, between 2003 and 2009, across the OIC countries, the median consumer price ratio of selected generic medicines in private sector is three times more than the price ratio in public sector as a result of higher manufacturers’ prices, high mark-ups, taxes and tariffs. Pharmacovigilance is weak in detecting, investigating and reporting adverse events following medication and immunization. Efficient systems for quality assurance and surveillance do not exist in many countries and sale of counterfeit medicines is, therefore, a major problem. Over 90% of medical products are imported, and irrational use is widespread. Vaccine: OIC countries display heterogeneous structure in terms of being able to uptake new vaccines. Low income countries through Global Alliance Vaccines and Information (GAVI) -which was launched in 2000 with the sole purpose of improving child health by increasing access to immunization in the world’s poorest countries- and high income countries such as Gulf countries have been successful in the uptake of new vaccines. On the contrary, middle income countries (MICs) have been experiencing financial and operational difficulties with the introduction of new vaccines (WHO/EMRO 2012). Lack of sufficient funds and the prevailing high prices of the new vaccines constitute two main obstacles, among other factors. Suppliers offer relatively high prices for the new vaccines compared to traditional EPI vaccines. Despite the disease burden and aspiration of the decision makers, the attempts to equally introduce and sustain the new vaccines to every child have not been successful in the MICs. Supply and Distribution Medicine: Improper distribution and over-supply of the procured products leads to escalation of delivery costs and inequitable access among the population (WHO/EMRO, 2012). Therefore, a well-functioning medicines supply management system is vital in assuring an uninterrupted supply of essential medicines that are efficacious and of good quality, physically and financially accessible and used rationally. Carrying out an in-depth assessment of the system provides information for targeted interventions in strengthening the system. The member countries, in general, facing with many challenges with regard to supply chain and procurement of medicines (PSM), amongst are erratic medicines supply especially in low income countries (LICs), lack of data for proper quantification of needs in emergency and crisis situations, large number of steps from Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) manufacturer until consumer representing bottle necks which add further cost on the medicine price and consequently reduce access. Local production and consumption data is largely unavailable for pharmaceutical industry in OIC countries. For the countries with available data, local production is not satisfying a tiny share of demand. License is another issue in OIC countries. Overall, the number of licensed manufacturer is not enough so the medicines do not meet the international quality standards. Vaccine: The purchase of vaccines is complex and requires a specialized knowledge and a precise approach. Due to the fact that vaccines are complex biological products, heat sensitive and are different from drugs, their purchase cannot follow the same procedure as medicines. There are many companies producing vaccines but only a few meet internationally-recognized standards of safety and efficacy (WHO/EMRO, 2012). Due to the specificities of the vaccines, quality, safety and efficacy should be the first considerations to be taken into account. Cold chain conditions should be respected during shipment and cold room capacity should be available at the time of the receipt of the vaccines. The distribution of vaccines is ensured mainly by the ministries of health (MoH) if vaccine is for national immunization programme or either by the procurement institution or by the private vaccine suppliers if the vaccine is dedicated to the private sector. When vaccines are distributed by MoH, the cold chain during transport is fairly respected while the vaccine management including cold chain conditions is rarely controlled in private sector (WHO/EMRO, 2012). The successful delivery of immunization programmes requires efficient supply of vaccines to providers. There are two different systems in place: national programme on immunization in the public sector which focuses mainly on Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccines and direct purchasing from drug stores in the private sector. OIC countries are classified in two groups according to the source of the vaccines that are used in their expanded programme on immunization: countries sourcing their vaccines through UNICEF and countries procuring the vaccines directly from manufacturers.
Convert ASCII to UTF-8 using VBA Recently, I had the need for a function to properly encode ASCII characters into their UTF-8 equivalent using VBA (Visual Basic for Applications), specifically an Excel document which was making API calls to the Google Maps API. However, to my dismay, no functions existed for this task, and the built in character stream classes converted the characters into a format ignored by the Google API. So, I had to look up the UTF-8 table, along with each characters Hexadecimal equivalent (for both ASCII and UTF-8), and was able to come up with this function. Now, keep in mind that this does not handle every character known to man. For my use, I had to encode European accented characters used in the German and French languages. For anything else you'll probably need to make this function more robust. Public Function tlhAsciiToUtf8(ByRef strText As String) As String Dim hexString As Long Dim newval As Long hexString = Val("&h" & strText) If hexString <= 127 Then tlhAsciiToUtf8 = "%" & strText ElseIf hexString <= 191 Then tlhAsciiToUtf8 = "%C2%" & strText ElseIf hexString <= 255 Then newval = 49856 + hexString tlhAsciiToUtf8 = "%" & Mid(Hex(newval), 1, 2) & "%" & Mid(Hex(newval), 3, 2) MsgBox ("NON ASCII CHARACTER: " & hexString) End If End Function If you'd like to learn more about VBA and Excel checkout the book Excel 2013 Power Programming with VBA. Thomas Hunter II Avatar
Cahokia: Geology and the Birth and Death of Cities Civilization exits by geological consent, subject to change without notice. Will Durant (American Philosopher) The American Bottom is a broad lowland directly east of St. Louis, Missouri along the eastern shore of the Mississippi River. The area is about 175 square miles, and is a 10-mile wide floodplain of one of the largest confluences of rivers in North America. Throughout the American Bottom there are abandoned meanders of the Mississippi River, swamps, and bogs. 800 years ago it was also home to the largest pre-Columbian settlement north of present day Mexico City. This city is known as Cahokia Mounds today, and is thought to have reached a peak population in excess of 20,000 people at its height about 1250 AD. Why did Cahokia rise as a great city, and why did it eventually fail (in fact, it had completely disappeared by the time Columbus landed in the Caribbean)? The story is, of course, one of geology. Star shows the location of Cahokia and the American Bottoms Visiting St. Louis for the 4th of July holiday always means I am looking for some elevation to hike – a quandary along the Mississippi embayment. My son suggested that we go to Cahokia Mounds and walk the “hills” of the ancient city. I knew little about the people of the Mississippian culture that occupied the American Bottom from 600 to 1400 AD, except that they used the vast river system of what is the modern Midwest for transportation and that they build ceremonial “mounds” or elevated earthworks. Cahokia was a large urban center that grew to at least 4000 acres and had at least 20,000 inhabitants at its peak, and probably had governing influence over three times that number of people along the Mississippi River. Today the Cahokia is a State Historic Site – a park that covers about 3.5 sq miles, and has 80 mounds. The largest mound is called Monks Mound, a four tiered platform approximately 100 feet high covering 14 acres. Monks Mound from the south in the Grand Plaza Monks Mound was built by hauling soil (which was rich in clay and organic materials) from bog quarries called “borrow pits”. Coring of the Mound shows that it was constructed in several phases, each from different borrow pits. It probably was assembled over a couple of hundred years, and its increasing height had to do with “elevating” the status of successive rulers. The top of Monks Mound had a large building or cluster of buildings- most modern interpretations are that these were the residence of the Cahokia ruler and court. Monks Mound derives its name from a community of Trappist monks that briefly resided in the mounds at the beginning of the 19th century and were thought to planned to build an monastery on top of the mound (luckily, the monks moved on before executing their plan). Monks Mound overlooked a large compound that contained ceremonial burials, a plaza (called the Grand Plaza), and storage facilities for foodstuffs. The entire region was surrounded by a wooden stockade complete with look out towers. Due west of Monks Mound is a curious circle of that is thought to have served the purpose of a sun calendar. The circle had a number of wooden posts or pillars that appear to be aligned with shadows cast for a rising sun during the solstices and equinoxes. The functional similarity to Stonehenge in England has led to the naming of this site as “Woodhenge”. Why did Cahokia rise to become a major urban center? The most obvious explanation is geography based – the American Bottom is an incredibly fertile valley and the nexus of three major rivers, which could serve as a transportation hub. Just north of American Bottom the Missouri and Illinois Rivers join the Mississippi. The Missouri River is the longest river in North America (over 2,300 miles in length) and drains the Rocky Mountains of Montana and Wyoming. The Illinois River is much shorter (only 300 miles long) but claims a drainage basin of nearly 30,000 sq miles in Illinois and Indiana. The Mississippi River drainage basin covers the area between the Missouri and the Illinois Rivers – combined, the three rivers drainage basins cover nearly a quarter of the United States. The wide extent means that at least one of the rivers would flood on an annual basis, and would deposit sediment, renewed with nutrients in the American Bottom. The converge of three great rivers: Missouri, Illinois and the Mississpii There is a theory of cities and urban centers based on their projection of power. There are “consumer cities” and “producer cities”. In this definition consumer cities are a center of government and military power – the classic example was Rome in the ancient world, and Washington DC today. Goods flow to consumer cities, and presumably, culture flows to the countryside. Producer cities, on the other hand, produce goods and commercial services and export these to derive their power and influence. Often producer cities rise in importance, become consumer cities, and eventually collapse when they lose their political power. Cahokia is probably an example of this producer-consumer-collapse cycle. The early Cahokia inhabitants developed a strong agriculture base – including annual planting of corn. The soil was rich enough to support the production of grains in excess of the immediate needs of the inhabitants; these grains (at least the corn) could be exported to surrounding regions in exchange for other goods. Copper from Michigan, sea shells from Florida, and gemstones from Mexico have been found in Cahokia excavations. The flow of wealth was facilitated by the strategic location of the city with respect to the rivers. This flow of wealth, in turn, fostered the growth of a governing structure, and Cahokia eventually transformed to a consumer city, and political center. Michelle and David looking at the diorama of village life around Cahokia It is clear from the archeology of Cahokia that structures associated with rituals were mostly built after 1100 AD; by 1250, at the height of the cities power, the core of Cahokia was dominated by ritual structures – a signature of government. The population of Cahokia began to decrease after 1250 AD, and by the beginning of the 16th century it was completely abandon. Some archeological work suggests that the diet of inhabitants began to change after about 1250 – a decrease in the ratio of protein to carbohydrates, which suggests that game animals had been hunted to scarcity. It is unlikely that a climatic condition like an extended drought had much impact on Cahokia because of the three great rivers, although flooding and consequent soil renewal may have become less frequent. However, it is clear that the collapse of Cahokia was more rapid than its ascent. There are no strong indications of the city being “sacked”, but other centers on the southern Mississippi River rose during the 15th and 16th Century suggesting either a political struggle for power, or simply filling of the void left by the Cahokia decline. The most likely explanation is a combination of environmental factors – a half a millennia of farming had depleted the soil and hunting had diminished the game animals such that the weight of the government could not be supported. Geology gave the city its birth, but in the end the resources were over taxed. The picture above is from Monks Mound looking across the Mississippi to St. Louis on July 5, 2013. The atmosphere is pregnant with humidity, but the modern “Cahokia” is obvious. St. Louis was founded in 1764 by a French trading company based on it strategic location of the nexus of Missouri and Mississippi rivers. Today it is still a producer city – but how long that epoch will last remains to be seen. The Mountains are on Fire Smoke plume billowing above Pajarito Ski Hill (Tuesday evening, June 4; Steve Black photo) On Friday (May 31) a downed power line started a wildfire in the west-central region of the Jemez Mountains near a deep drainage called Sulfur Creek on the western margin of Redondo Peak. The fire burned uphill on the eastern side of the drainage rapidly, and was named the Thompson Ridge Fire (although not on Thompson Ridge). The sight of smoke in the Jemez was visible in Los Alamos by 5 pm and the entire town held their breath, thinking “here we go again”. By Saturday afternoon smoke from the plume began to collapse on Los Alamos, and the smell of burnt pine caused an even stronger visceral reaction triggering memories from June 2011 when the Las Conchas Fire swept around the town, led to a week-long evacuation, and charred more than 150,000 acres. The question on many peoples’ minds is “why?” It certainly seems that the entire Jemez is going to be soon burned, leaving a high elevation desert. The 1996 Dome fire, the 2000 Cerro Grande and the 2011 Las Conchas Fires have changed the scenic vista of the eastern Jemez profoundly and probably for hundreds of years. Each of these fire was bigger than the last: The Dome fire was 16,500 acres, Cerro Grande was 48,000 acres, and Las Conchas was over 150,000 acres. The obvious question is “are the fires getting bigger and more frequent?” The Jemez Mountains are a unique alpine island created by the Jemez Volcanic Complex (JVC) that was active for about 800,000 years beginning around 1.4 million years before the present. The JVC lies along a line of volcanoes that arcs across New Mexico from the southwest to the northeast, known as the Jemez Lineament. In the southwest the San Carlos Volcanic Field (in Arizona) anchors the Lineament, and it passes through Mt Taylor near Grants, the Jemez, and finally terminates in the Raton Volcanic Field. There is no real good explanation for the Jemez Lineament, and geologists continue to debate both its cause and significance. The JVC is the largest of the volcanic fields on the Lineament. The geologic map above shows the Jemez Mountains. The Jemez Mountains surround the Valles formed during the collapse of the JVC about 1.1 million years ago. In the middle of the collapse crater a great “resurgent dome” was pushed up by the death throes of a great volcano. This dome is Redondo Peak – which is not an eruptive volcanic cone, but an extruded dome. Redondo Peak is the high point in the Jemez at 11,258 ft elevation. The uniqueness of the Jemez was recognized by the first geologic expeditions of the west; John Wesley Powell himself visited the Jemez in the 1880s and described it as a giant volcanic field (anyone interested in the geology of the Jemez should read Fraser Goff’s book “Valles Caldera: A Geologic History”). The volcanic field and Redondo rise above the surrounding New Mexico highlands to form a roughly circular mountain range. This range has its own flora and fauna – or at least it did before the great fires of the last 25 years. Elevations above about 7200 feet were dominated by ponderosa pine and various fir and spruce. After a fire the pine is replaced by scrub oak and lower growing vegetation. Craig Allen has studied the fire history and vegetation of the Jemez, and has found dramatic change. This change is from both fire and mortality of the pine forest due to prolonged beetle attacks. The figure above shows a color-coded map of the Pajarito Plateau, centered on Los Alamos, and where fire or beetles have affected our forests. In twenty years 90% of the forest have been subject to stress. The question of “why” is the Jemez burning can be partially answered by looking at the fire history of the mountains. There are various ways to do this, including coring trees looking for scars from ancient fires, and looking at the peats in the meadows within the Valles and looking for preserved ash and charcoal layers. When Allen and other researchers did this they reconstructed a fire record that stretches back nearly 10,000 years. There are literally tens of thousands of fires over this period, and some strong trends are worth noting in the last couple of hundred years. The figure above shows the location of nearly 5000 fires in the 20th century, along with the Cerro Grande Fire. The great bulk are small, local wildfires, probably almost always caused by lightning. There is evidence in the distant past of very large fires – probably as large as Las Conchas – all across the Jemez. There is a moderate correlation with those large fires and large-scale drought. However, before the mid-20th century wildfire was most commonly characterized by small, frequent fires. Beginning in the late part of the 19th century man began to have a significant impact on the ecology of the Jemez. Livestock grazing in the Jemez became “big business” and the removal of the understory grasses probably suppressed wildfire. The cows and sheep ate the grasses that supported spreading the fires. In the 1930s the Jemez became a lumber supplier, and the region began to be heavily logged. This is particularly true for Redondo Peak and the Valles Caldera which were in private hands, and were not subject to the regulation of the Forest Service. The picture above shows a logging road from the mid-1930 on the northwestern side of Redondo. Today, logging roads are still seen across the Jemez, especially as spirals up the various domes. The lumber “boom” ended, and the forests began to fill in. Livestock grazing dropped dramatically, and new Federal oversight of wildfire suppression caused the forest cover to densify. By the 1960s the forests were much more dense then 200 years previous. The pathways for fire were increasing. Over the last 2000 years there have been periods of drought and high precipitation. Around 1990 we entered a period of drought, and the window between 2000-2010 was likely the driest decade in a millennium. This drought stressed the trees, and they became much more susceptible to disease. In particular, the pine bark beetle attacked, and will eventually kill, more than 1.3 million acres of ponderosa pine in New Mexico and Northern Arizona in the period of 2002-04. The beetle problem is complex – stressed trees are one issue, but also the density of the forest allows the beetles to spread much more rapidly than in the past. Nate McDowell and colleagues at Los Alamos produced the figure above that shows the loss of forest due to the beetles and fire. It is fair to say we are in a long-term, profound, change of our forest. The Jemez is not unique, but it does seem to be at the confluence of disease, drought, forest “management” and finally, the encroachment of man. Before 1950 the vast majority of wildfire was caused by lightning. However, since 1990 more than 85% of fires have a man-made fingerprint. For the four major Jemez fires in the last 25 years it is all man-made; The dome fire was caused by a camp fire, the Cerro Grande started as a controlled burn (what a total fiasco – and to this day an unpunished event), Las Conchas was started by a downed power line as was the present Thompson Ridge. Although it is dangerous to predict the fate of nature, it certainly seems that large fires are going to continue in the Jemez for years to come. A break in the drought would help, but a short break would only promote the understory growth which would become the match stick once drought resumed. We are standing on the cusp of a major change for our beloved Jemez, and can only hope that luck and nature conspire!
"Desktop Stempede" - A Boids Simulaiton - Mar, 2008 Sangyoon Lee (sjames @ evl.uic.edu) Electronic Visualization Laboratory University of Illinois at Chicago * This project was a part of CS527 Computer Animaiton Class (2008 Spring) instructed by Andy Johnson. 1. Concept and Brief This project is about making vivid desktop stempede in short. With boids simultion, subtle small desktop gadgets moves around desktop like flock of birds. So, what moves? "Dozens of Paperclips or Pencils or..." 2. Story The story starts with small pins on world map. Flags... I am dreaming that I visit all countries in the world someday. Flag pins are markers that I wish to travel... all over the world. This short configuration makes the initial position of boids. Once simualtion starts, pins move freely as long as it obey the boids rules. 3. Executable Mac App (Intel, Leopard): stempede_mac.zip (unzip file and drag-n-drop stempede.app where you want to run. double click app) Windows : stempede.zip (download zip file, unzip, and exec. binary : .\stempede\build\win32\release\stempede.exe)s 4. Boids Simulation algorithm is based on original Graig Raynolds' "Boids" idea. There are four main driver of this simulation, collision, cohesion, separation and alignment. With these four factors, global acceleration is accumulated for each boid object to change velocity later on. Since I implemented this simulation using Ogre library. All of evaluation rutines utilize Ogre Vector3, Quaternion, and Matrix rutine to compute simulation. - Collision Detection (avoid scene obstacles) There are two distinct object in the scene. One is flocking boid and the other is collision obstacles. Latter one represent any kind of desktop stationary that boid cannot pass through or jump over. Collision evaluation only support box shape in this version. In the possible collision case, simulation generate acceleration opposite to obstacle's normal vector (repulsion). - Flockmates (visibility test) In every iteration of simulation, boid visibility test is performed before getting into other evaluation rutine. This can reduce computation more effectively. Threee parameters are used to determine the visibility here. Velocity vector (heading of boid), range of vision (FOV) and distance of vision. This forms local area of interest for each boid to interact with neighbor boids. - Cohesion (centering) Cohesion compute the center point among neighbors and generate local acceleration vector toward this point. The amount of acceleration is computed with the cohesion weight parameter. - Separation (avoid crowding) Separation gives pleasant private space for each boids. This could be counter part of cohesion. Therefore, by changing its weight parameter with cohesion's one, boids may collide each other. During separation evaluation, simulation find the closest neighbor and apply weight toward the direction where they do not meet. - Alignment (keep heading together) Alighment is similar to cohesion from the point of evaluation method (the original idea of "Boids"). Simulation compute mean of velocity (vector) among neighbors and uses it as acceleration. The other way around I used is simply only to considre the closest neighbor's direction. This also works well. Alignment also has its own weight factor so that we can easily change it to see the difference. - Accumulation of Accelertion Now, we have four segment of local acceleration for each boid. Collision, Cohesion, Separation and Alignment. After running all those for evaluation, final acceleration is decided upon some priority rules. Each piece of acceleration ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 relative to max acceleration value. So, any one of value shows max (1.0) other local acceleration will be ignored. This approach gives better solution to avoid severe exception. Finally the acceleration determined with this accumulated value, max acc, max velocity, and desired max velocity. - Parameter Control As we have seen above, there are many parameters we may want to control to test different behavior of boids simulation. We can change these values through GUI. 12 parameters given here for you to play with. - Debugging Sometimes it is hard to understand why certain boids moves like that. With small debug visuals, we are able to have better idea. User can see auxilarily components by enabling debug feature (on GUI or press 'D' key). Velocity direction with speed (length of line. red line), Accumulated local acceleration (yellow line) and radar will be drawn together with models. Radar is result of FOV and distance of vision. Boids within this radar is the neighbors of the owner of radar. 5. Design (Model & Animation) Simulation environments is relatively simple. It is common desktop. Ordinary stationeries... Desktop is pretty much clean and empty to give more space for boids to move around not to be stuck in many spots (I have never had this clean desktop myself. -_-;). I used maya to model and animation object and blender (few times). After modeling and animation, all data were exported to Ogre file format via their plugin in maya. - Model There are five models in the scene. Desk, some books, Magazine file, Pnecil cup and tiny flag pins ("the boid"). Most of model is stationary except our boid object. - Animation In the scene, only flag pin has animation to give a sense of movement (boid simulation). Each flag animation is designed in maya and application plays back it depends on boid movement. As simulation speed increases, flag's local animation gets faster. 6. Lessons Throught this project, there are some aspects that can be improved with more care. With limited project time, those consideration were not implemented in the final version but it would be nice to have them. Each rule of boids simulation has separate rutine to evalute the local acceleration in this version. Even with precomuted visibility test, there are still some of redundancy of computation in each rutine such as checkign visibility & activity flag and distance from neighbor. These repetition could be eliminated by integration of boids rule evaluator. I think that this minor optimizaiton could give slight performance gain on CPU time. [Collision Detection for complex polygons] Current implementation only support box type obstacle to compute collision (ray tracing against 6 flat sides). In general, boids simulation works well with simple bounding box scheme but more precise simulation might need to compute complex n-gon type obstacles. In this case, it would be easier to use Ogre ray tracing rutine. [Veriety of Boids type & parameter] To give more natural look and test other interaction, different types of boids is necessary such as predator (repulsing/avoiding), prey (attractor), and friend boid (normal flocking). Each boid has type for this but evaluation rutine (variation of acc caculation) is not implemented yet. In this version, pencil cup works as attractor. One more missing part here is individual parameter settings. When I started design and implemtation, the idea was to give each boid separate parametes of simulation, mostly max values (velocity, acceleration, tendency of rule accumulation). It is implemented as designed but for parameter control later on, all boids use same values (becuase we cannot change each boid's parameter on the fly to see the difference. Sigle GUI gives all shared value among boids). Maybe slight random variation from shared parameter value be helpful. 7. References & Credits - Boids, Graig Reynolds, http://www.red3d.com/cwr/boids/ Original Developer of Boids in 1986. (the proceedings of the ACM Siggraph conference) - C++ Boids, Christopher Kline, http://www.behaviorworks.com/people/ckline/cornellwww/boid/boids.html Boids Acceleration Accumulation method adopted. - Ogre3D (Open Graphics Rendering Engine), http://www.ogre3d.org Applicaiton built upon Ogre library (Platform Independent). - Ray / Polygon intersection, Didier Badouel, Graphics Gems, Academic Press, 1990 Used to determine boid collision computation against obstacles
Homepage IntroductionNews & EventsTourist ResourcesPhong Nha Ke Bang National ParkTourism ServicesOther ServicesLegal DocumentsMultimedia Quang Binh Overview Quang Binh province located in North Central Coast, Vietnam, with natural area of 8.065 km2 . The population is 857.818 people in 2008. Dong Hoi city today Geographical location: geographical coordinates in the mainland are: • North pole: 180 05'12" north latitude • South pole: 170 05' 02" north latitude • Easternmost pole: 1060 59'37" east longitude • Westernmost pole: 1050 36'55" east longitude The province has a coastline of 116.04 km in the east and shares borders with Laos of 201.87 km in the west, there are Hon La, Highway No.1A and Ho Chi Minh Trail, North-South railway, highway No.12 and provincial highway No.20 and No.16 running from east to west through the International Cha Lo Border Gate and other sub-gates connected to Laos. Topography: The terrain of Quang Binh narrow and sloping from west to east. 85% of total natural area is mountainous. The whole area is divided into basic ecological zones: high mountainous area, hilly and midland, lowland, coastal sandy areas. Climate: Quang Binh is located in the tropical monsoon and always be affected by the climate of the north and south and is divided into two distinct seasons: + Rainy season from September to March of the next year. The average annual rainfall of 2000 - 2.300mm/year. The raining seasons mostly happen in September, October and November. + Dry season from April to August with average temperature 24 ° C - 25 o C. Three months has the highest temperature are June, July and August. Land resources: Land resources are divided into two main systems: Alluvial plain and the ferralitic soil hills and mountains with 15 categories and groups are as follows: sandy group, alluvial soil group, red and yellow soil group. In which more than 80% of natural area are yellow and red soil mainly in mountainous terrain west, 5,9% are sand and alluvial soil that occupied 2,8% of the area. Resource of animal or plant: Quang Binh is located in the area of biodiversity in North Truong Son areas where the flora and fauna diversity and originality to many rare genes. Specific to biodiversity in Quang Binh is the Phong Nha - Ke Bang Karst region. Fauna: 493 species, 67 mammals, 48 reptiles, 297 birds, 61 species of fish etc. Many rare species such as Ha Tinh Langur, Bear, Tiger, Sao La, Mang Lon, as White-tailed pheasants, Black crested blue pheasant, Pheasant... Flora: with 486,688 hectares of forest area, in which 447,837 ha of natural forests, 38.851ha of planted forests, including 17,397 hectares of pine forests, and 146,386 hectares of bare land. Plant species in Quang Binh is very diversify: they are 138 families, 401 genera, 640 different species. Forest in Quang Binh has many precious woods like ironwood, mahogany, ebony, and various kinds of rattan, forest products and other precious timber products. Quang Binh is one of the provinces that has a big reserve of wood in the country. Currently wood reserve is 31million m3. Night in Dong Hoi Marine and coastal resources: Quang Binh has a coastline of 116.04 km with five estuaries, including two large estuaries, the ports are Nhat Le, Gianh, Hon La. Hon La bay with surface area of 4 km2, 15 meters of depth, it is surrounded and shielded with islands: Hon La, Hon Co, Hon Chua. This bay is capable to receive ships from 3 to 5 tons to the port without dredging. Land area is quite large (over 400 hectares), that is convenient for building industrial zones associated with deep-water port. The coastline has many beautiful landscapes, along with the continental shelf almost 2.6 times of the land area of Quang Binh that create a large fishery with approximately 10 thousand tons of reserves and species richness (1650 species), including rare types such as lobster, shrimp, squid, cuttlefish, reef. In the Northern of Quang Binh white coral beach with area of dozens of hectares, which is a source of precious raw materials for production of fine art and creates ecological zones of the reef. That allowed the economy to develop integrated coastal zone. Water surface for aquaculture: having 5 estuaries, Quang Binh has a surface area capable of large aquaculture. The total area is of 15,000 hectares. Salinity from the estuary to about 10-15km depth range from 8-30% o and pH from 6.5 to 8 is a very condition for growing shrimp and crab for export. Half-day coastal tide mode facilitates the drainage pond for shrimp and crab growing. Water resources: Quang Binh has a large system of river and stream density from 0.8 to 1.1 km /km2. There are five main rivers: Roon, Gianh, Ly Hoa, Dinh and Nhat Le. There are about 160 natural and man-made lakes with a capacity estimated at 243.3 million m3. Mineral resources: Quang Binh has various kinds of minerals such as gold, iron, titanium, pyrites, lead, zinc ... and some non-metallic minerals such as kaolin, quartz sand, limestone, marble, granite etc,. In particular, limestone and kaolin with large reserves, sufficient conditions for the development of cement and construction materials for large scale. There is a hot mineral springs at 105oC. The reserve of gold in Quang Binh given the capability to develop and manufacture gold mining industry. Population and labor: The population of Quang Binh is 857,818 people in 2008. Most local residents are Kinh people. Ethnic minorities are two main groups of Chut and Van Kieu Brunei include the main ethnic groups: Khua, Ma Lieng, Ruc, Sach, Van Kieu, May, Arem, etc living concentratively in two mountainous districts of Tuyen Hoa and Minh Hoa and some western communes of Bo Trach, Quang Ninh, Le Thuy. Population is not evenly distributed, 85.5% live in rural areas and 14.5% live in urban areas. Quang Binh has abundant labor resources with 433,618 people, representing approximately 52.26% of the population. On labor quality, according to census time dated 04/01/1999: 10,720 people qualified from college or higher, including 4676 colleges and 6042 universities or post universities. The labor force has been trained nearly 33,000 people, accounting for 8% of employees. Culture and tourism potentials: Quang Binh as a strip of mural photo, forest, sea with beautiful natural scenery, famous attractions: Deo Ngang, Ly Hoa Gateway, Nhat Le Estuary, Hac Hai, Heaven Gate, and Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park that was recognized as a World Heritage. Quang Binh is the land of cultural objects, the Bau Tro cultural sites, the sites of the culture of Hoa Binh and Dong Son, many historical sites such as: Quang Binh Gateway, Thay Rampart, Rao Sen, Ngo Citadel, Thinh – Nguyen citadels, much renowned places in two wars of aggression against invaders such as Cu Nam, Canh Duong, Cha Lo, Heaven Gate, Xuan Son, Long Dai, Ho Chi Minh Trail, etc. In the course of history, has formed many famous cultural villages and begin proceedings from generation to generation like "Bat danh huong": "Son-Ha-Canh-Tho-Van-Vo-Co-Kim". Many famous celebrity predecessors in the past and present in many areas of military, cultural - social as Duong Van An, Nguyen Huu Canh, Nguyen Ham Ninh, Hoang Ke Viem, Vo Nguyen Giap, etc.
Shingles Treatment And Children Shingles is a virus and is caused by the herpes varicella-zoster virus (VZV); it can cause a sufferer pain and lead to a rash which can be irritable and itchy. The shingles virus is brought about as a result of chickenpox as both are caused by VZV. Most people will suffer from the chickenpox virus as children and after a bout of the virus antibodies are formed to ensure that the body has immunity from catching chickenpox again; however, VZV will remain dormant in the nerve system. It is a reactivation of VZV which causes shingles, people over the age of 50 are the most commonly affected although it is possible for younger adults and children to develop shingles. There are different methods of shingles treatment and children will be provided with different treatment to adults. Shingles in children is uncommon and those that do develop the virus generally suffer from mild symptoms. How do children catch shingles? The methods of combining shingles treatment and children will not be as intense as the treatment given to adults; however, shingles can still be a traumatic experience for a child. Although it is possible for children to develop the virus it is rare, especially in children under 10. Children that have had a bout of chickenpox before 12 months are at a higher risk of getting shingles as a child. Mothers that have suffered from chickenpox in the later stages of pregnancy will also place their child at risk of developing shingles at a young age. Shingles symptoms in children Knowing the symptoms of shingles can help a parent seek the correct treatment quicker for their child, however, early signs of the virus are often less noticeable in children than they are in adults. The early burning sensation and pain in one area of the body that is common in adults will rarely be found in children and most do not suffer from any pain prior to a rash appearing. The shingles rash will present itself in small red spot which turn to blisters after a number of days, these blisters will then dry out and scab over, much like chickenpox. Shingles treatment and children- Methods In adults, painkilling medication is often the most common form of shingles treatment and children can also be prescribed a form of painkiller in the form of paracetamol and ibuprofen liquid medicine. Although pain in rare with shingles in children, paracetamol and ibuprofen can help with any feeling of being generally unwell and keep temperatures down. Wet dressings and non-adhesive coverings can help to sooth rashes and loose clothing can provide comfort. GP’s also recommend keeping rashes clean and dry and cutting a child’s nails to ensure no damage is done by scratching. For anyone that has not suffered from chickenpox, it is possible to catch the virus from a shingles sufferer, however this is rare is the rash is covered and you should only keep a child off school if they are unwell or a rash is weeping. Back to Top
What does iso means in camera Read this detailed article to find out what camera ISO does, how it works and the ISO gets to a more manageable level, even if it means sacrificing some of. This means that you could set your shutter speed to 1/th of a second If you do not have an “Auto ISO” option in your camera, then start out. Higher numbers mean your sensor becomes more sensitive to light which When you do override your camera and choose a specific ISO you'll notice that it . What are ISO camera settings and what does ISO mean? Well, ISO is the company name for the International Organization for Standardization. The name. ISO is one of the 3 factors which affect your exposure. But what is ISO and A Canon A1 35mm film camera showing ASA instead of ISO What Does It Mean?. Curious to know what that ISO setting on your camera is and how it however, meaning not all lenses can let in the same amount of light. In very basic terms, ISO is the level of sensitivity of your camera to available light. What does it mean when a sensor is sixteen times more sensitive to light?. In digital cameras, raising the ISO means a similar decrease in quality, with an increase in what's called "noise." It's the digital equivalent of grain and results in a . Examples of how ISO works with camera lens aperture and shutter to obtain best exposure ISO is an abbreviation for the International Standards Organization. Picture taken at ISO does not show much visible digital camera noise.
... The Syntiac Pages ... 1 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 9 DIY Info Synthesizer Techniques Chapter 4 - 5 - 6 [ Sorry not finished yet ] CH1('Increasing patch complexity') CH2('Adding a second VCO') A synthesizer using only a single oscillator per voice isn't very interesting. Although the VCF can add timbre changes the cyclic character of the generated wave results in a rather boring sound. A possible solution is modulating the generated wave of the oscillator. A often used technique is PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) where the oscillator generates pulse like waveforms of differing width. By adjusting modulation speed and depth different timbres can be generated. More sonic variation can be archived by using a second (or more) oscillator(s). Especially analog oscillators never run on the exact same frequency. The small differences in frequency generates 'beating' sounds. Where the output of the two oscillators are canceling and amplifing each other. The beating frequency is the difference in frequency between the oscillators. By applying more as two oscillators the effect is enhanced. Most analog synthesizers have a 'unison' mode where as much oscillators as possible are played simultaneously, producing a very 'fat' and rich sound. This is the reason why analog synths are still highly valued in the currently digital age. CH2('Oscillator Sync') Playing two oscillators together is not the only configuration possible. Some synthesizers have a syncronise input. By connecting the sync-output or pulse-output of the first oscillator with the sync-input of the second, the two oscillators will be 'synced'. This means that the second oscillator is forced to restart its wave when the first does so. It cancels any 'beating' between the oscillators even if the two are not running the same frequency. But if the frequency difference is not harmonic, a raw (distorted gitar?) sound is the result. There are two types of sync, Hard-sync and Soft-sync. Most common is the hard-sync which always forces the second oscillator in restart. The soft-sync has a variable 'hardness', where lower setting give less sync moments. The soft-sync allowes the difference between oscillator frequences to be greater while still syncing. But soft-sync requires stable oscillators and some patience by setting up the sound. CH2('Frquency modulation') Frequency modulation (FM) is made populair by Yamaha with the DX7 range of synthesizers. Using the output of one oscillator to modulate the frequency of an other oscillator, creates a new sound with a wide spectrum. Increasing the amplitude of the first oscillator increases the spectrum width and therefore increases the FM effect. The modulating oscillator is mostly named 'modulator', the modulated oscillator is called 'carrier'. Ofcourse more as two oscillators could be used, with increasing spectrum complexity. Two principle sounds can be created (with many variants) with two oscillators. The first configuration is used to create the FM-piano sounds. The oscillators are set to sin-wave outputs and the first oscillator frequency is set at a multiple or even dividable of the second oscillator. The famous FM-bell like sounds are generated by setting the oscillators on none relating frequencies. FM is a very rich modulating technique with lot of room for experimentation. Different waveforms for the modulator and carrier can be used. Multiple modulators for the same carrier oscillator, or chaining more as two oscillators in a row. Frequency modulation with a modulator at a very low frequency (<10 Hz) is called vibrato. CH2('Amplitude modulation (ring modulation)') Standard amplitude modulation (modulating the volume of one oscillator with a other oscillator) gives nice organ sounds. But the most interesting use of a ring-modulator is feeding external sound sources thru. A low sinus frequency oscillator with a human-voice combined in a ring-modulator gives Darlek (Dr. Who) sounds. Amplitude modulation at a very low frequency (<10 Hz) is called tremelo. CH1('Advanced techniques') CH2('xxx') CH1('Effects and analog-digital-hybrids') ... The Syntiac Pages ... www.syntiac.com/syntiac_basics2.html \| Questions? mail: pwsoft@syntiac.com \| Copyright 2000-2014 by Peter Wendrich
A Guide To Physical Therapy Practices In recent years, physical therapy has become a popular method of treatment for those suffering from a physical condition that limits their ability to function normally in their daily lives. Because more people are living longer and the fact that there have been many advancements in the field of medicine that have helped people survive such conditions as head trauma, strokes, neuromuscular or musculoskeletal dysfunctions, heart attacks, and many other physical injuries, physical therapy has become a key part of achieving optimum health and wellness. A physical therapist is a licensed and trained therapist who assists patients with recovering from traumatic physical conditions causing debilitating physical limitations. This form of therapy involves a variety of physical rehabilitation techniques and the use of therapeutic medical devices. When a patient undergoes physical therapy, they will be involved in therapy techniques that will help strengthen and improve their range of motion, improve motor function, manage and reduce pain resulting from incapacitating conditions such as arthritis and osteoarthritis, improve muscle strength, use therapeutic devices to help with mobility or balance issues, and the development of in-clinic and at-home therapy programs. Massage therapy devices in a clinic or at home can include using ultrasonic machines, EMS machines, weights, whirlpool baths, tread mills, TENS machine, and many other therapeutic exercise equipment. As well, physical therapists help patients correctly use such medical aids as braces, wheelchairs, artificial limbs, crutches, walking canes…etc. The objective of physical therapy treatments is to help a patient live comfortably and independently. A treatment plan is designed around the needs of the individual patient and the progress of the patient’s recovery is constantly monitored, recorded, and adjusted so that he or she is able to recover safely and much quicker than if they had not participated in the therapy. Read more about the Physical Therapy Practices. One can find massage therapy programs in a variety of areas such as orthopedics, professional sports facilities, geriatrics, cardiology, pediatrics, neurology, military hospitals, fitness centers, the school system, hospices, heath and wellness centers, the work place, and much more. People who suffer from a sports or exercise injuries will often use physical therapy as a means of recovery. As well, people who suffer from a slip and fall where they receive serious physical injury such as a broken bone, spinal cord injury, herniated discs, head injury, back injury, neck pain, torn ligaments, soft tissue injury, and muscle sprains, will often engage in physical therapy treatment. A patient may also need muscle strengthening before or after a surgical procedure. As well, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, osteoporosis, and spinal stenosis, are conditions that typically require physical therapy. Need Of A Personal Soccer Trainer You’re embarking on a new fitness routine or you just need to shake up what you’ve got going on now so you’re considering hiring a Personal Trainer. Well, good for you. A Personal Trainer can really help you raise your game and increase your fitness levels exponentially. First thing a Personal Trainer will do for you is take all your measurements and weigh you. They may even calculate your BMI and get out the skin calipers to see what your body fat percentage is. This way you’ll know where you’re at when starting out, and can track your progress as you go. Then you’ll likely have some health questionnaires to fill out to make sure your Trainer knows about any injuries or illnesses and reacts accordingly when training with you. No sense making a past injury worse or putting you in danger if you’re having heart or other heath issues, right? The next thing a Personal Trainer will do is write a fitness program specially designed to help you meet your personal goals. It might be a ‘sports training specific’ program if you’re trying to get better at a specific sport like golf, soccer or hockey, or it might be a ‘weight loss’ program or a ‘muscle building program’ depending on what your primary goal is. These are personalized programs written on a client-by-client basis, not some template pulled out of a file and applied to every client. Your program will be what is just right for you. Your Trainer has a vested interest in seeing you get RESULTS, not just go through the motions on a generic program that everyone and their dog is doing that may not necessarily be the best thing for you. Click here personal soccer trainer Next your Personal Trainer will coach you on how to perform all the prescribed moves within your program properly, to prevent injury while you are training. Then, if you so choose to hire the Trainer in this capacity, he or she will accompany you on your workouts and spot for you and correct any mistakes you may be making while performing the prescribed moves. He or she will also make sure you’re timing your sets and reps properly as well, so that you are working to your maximum potential. Your Trainer will also be there for you to help you with motivation, adherence and pep-talks. If you aren’t working out with your Trainer with every workout, it’s likely he or she will ask you to report in at regular periods with your workout card to make sure you are sticking to the program and to address any concerns or questions you may have. Finally, your Trainer will monitor your progress (or lack thereof) and adjust your program accordingly in order to keep you moving forward towards your goals. And when it’s time to change up your program to prevent plateaus or stagnation, your Trainer will know the right time and will provide that for you. So, as you can see, a Personal Trainer is a smart investment for anyone interested in taking their fitness to the next level. Vegan Ketogenic Diet I get asked about ketogenic diets for bodybuilding or weight loss goals a lot. People always wants to know what he best diet is or what they can do to lose fat faster. Truthfully, most people have no clue what they are getting themselves into. While a ketogenic diet may work better then a low carb diet, I don’t know if people are ready for them. For starters your energy will be drained. Without carbohydrates your body won’t know what energy source to turn to for a few days so you may experience feelings of weakness while you train or until your body becomes adapted at using fat. While this isn’t a bad thing you must understand that you have to change your training intensity. There’s no way that you can keep training with super high volume while you use one of these diets.You can get additional information at ketogenic diet idea. The next thing that you have to understand about using a ketogenic diet for weight loss or bodybuilding is that you need to eat more protein then normal. Since you don’t have carbs, and carbs are protein sparing, you need to consume more protein so you don’t lose muscle tissue. So make sure that you are eating at least 6 meals per day with a servings of protein coming every meal. Then you have to make sure that you are getting enough fiber. Look to consume fiber from various sources such as green vegetables and fiber powder or pills like physillum husk. Now you need to add some healthily nutritional supplements since you want to make sure that you do your best to burn fat on these keto diets for weight loss and bodybuilding. First, make sure you consume healthy fats like omega-3 fish oils, cla, and gla. These fats will help to burn more body fat. Then you want to purchase a good branch chain amino acid powder as bcaa’s help to retain muscle mass and prevent muscle breakdown.
Richard Nixon and the 1959 “Kitchen Debate” We usually remember Richard Nixon as the flawed 37th president, responsible for the notorious Watergate scandal. As a result, we often overlook his political successes. Despite his moral opaqueness, Nixon proved to be a shrewd and effective politician, adept in foreign policy, and able to captivate the American people. Going toe to toe with Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev on the merits of capitalism might not have been the hallmark of his political life, but it helped gain him notoriety. Nixon’s “Kitchen Debate” with Khrushchev on July 24, 1959 introduced the nation to his talent in foreign affairs and served as a stepping stone in his career. In 1959, the United States and the Soviet Union agreed to establish exhibits in each other’s countries as a means of cultural exchange and understanding. The Soviet exhibit in New York would showcase the accomplishments of communism, while the American exhibit in Moscow showcased the wonders of capitalism. Part of the American exhibit featured a model suburban home with a picture-perfect kitchen. That kitchen would become the arena and namesake of Nixon’s debate with Khrushchev. Vice President Nixon took Premier Khrushchev on a tour of the exhibit, pointing out all the marvelous appliances and consumer goods American companies had to offer. The two men, sincerely holding their political beliefs, clashed fiercely yet good-heartedly. Khrushchev remarked that the United States had 150 years to develop what the exhibit displayed while the Soviet Union had only been around for 42 years. He added that in seven years, the USSR would reach the level of innovation in the United States and then surpass it. He jokingly jabbed that “We’ll wave at you” as we pass by. Nixon responded calmly and then quipped: “as far as Mr. Khrushchev’s comments just now, they are in the tradition we have come to expect from him of speaking extemporaneously and frankly whenever he has an opportunity.” Khrushchev later protested that the debate was not on an equal playing field since American cameras filmed it. He worried that his argument would not be translated, and that Americans would hear only what Nixon had to say. In turn, Nixon requested that the Soviet Union air the debate together with the United States to ensure that the Soviet people would hear him. Khrushchev agreed, and the two men shook on the deal. But the American media broadcasted the event immediately while the Soviet government waited two days and gave only a partial translation of Nixon’s comments. The Kitchen Debate set the tone for Nixon’s future foreign policy triumphs. While standing his ground against the bombastic Soviet leader, in the debate he had focused on bettering relations and exchanging ideas between the two countries, for the benefit of all people. Khrushchev himself conceded that Nixon was “tough minded” and “strong willed.” So began Nixon’s later policy of hard-headed détente. As president, he would make substantial advances in foreign relations. Through policies like the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty and the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), Nixon relaxed the Cold War and reduced the chances of a disastrous nuclear conflict. Furthermore, he opened relations with the People’s Republic of China and, with the Paris Peace Accords, ended American involvement in the Vietnam War. Nixon’s performance in the Kitchen Debate heightened his profile among the American public, made the vice presidency seem like a more important role, and set the stage for his ultimate ascension to the Oval Office. As the journalist Jules Witcover put it, the debate with Khrushchev gave Nixon “near celebrity status.” Previously, he was less popular and an overall liability to the well-liked President Eisenhower and his administration. With his visit to Moscow, Nixon was the first vice president to become a familiar face and strong hand in diplomatic affairs. His new-found public standing helped him become the Republican nominee in the 1960 presidential election. Even in the aftermath of his loss to John F. Kennedy, Nixon maintained his public prestige and came out victorious in the 1968 election.
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Citizen and Civil Society A liberal and dynamic democracy is based on the principles of good governance through vigorous participation of informed citizenry. Understanding and reforming the institutions of democracy are essential for its survival and growth. Democratic process incorporates not only voting but also citizen participation and engagement in government. It is this second aspect which most readily offers the opportunity for empowerment by encouraging citizens to care about issues within their community and providing them with a feeling of ownership There is a mounting disillusionment with government, based on concerns about corruption, lack of responsiveness to the needs of the poor and the absence of a sense of connection with elected representatives and bureaucrats. Citizens need to play a more active part in decisions which affect their lives. In this context, the questions of how citizens, including the poor, express voice and how institutional responsiveness and accountability can be ensured have become paramount. The solution seems to lie in a more active and engaged civil society which can express demands of the citizenry and a more responsive and effective state which can ensure the delivery of needed public services. Advocacy and citizen participation are now widely accepted by civil society and government institutions as means of ensuring greater transparency and accountability. Rakshak works towards long term goals of responsible and informed citizenry having efficient and implementable public policies backed by good governance. These goals cannot be achieved by funding few specific educational and social projects. Our efforts will complement and amplify the efforts of countless other non-profits working at the grass roots level by helping create more transparency, responsibility and accountability of citizens and administration.
April 17, 2017 Jessica Lowe 0Comment The Supreme Approach for Arbitrage Arbitrage is a very simple concept. Arbitrage (flipping'') is buying and reselling something similar quickly, but at a greater price, just to earn a speedy buck. In addition it's a fact that arbitrage isn't an ideal equalizer because the current market isn't perfectly efficient. Arbitrage can happen in several of means. Also referred to as Geographical arbitrage is the easiest type of arbitrage. Regulatory arbitrage can lead to parts of entire businesses being unregulated because of the arbitrage. In theory, arbitrage is a riskless activity because traders are just purchasing and selling exactly the same volume of an identical asset at an identical moment. Although sports arbitrage is more accessible as a result of the internet, there's still a great deal of those who haven't heard about it. In economic theory, it is a necessary activity in any market, helping to reduce price disparities between different markets and to increase a market's liquidity (ability to buy and sell). Traffic arbitrage necessitates patience, some investment, a fantastic understanding of ad networks and a great deal of trials. Because of this, hedging rarely requires the shape of the textbook example. It provides the economic rationale for the speculator. Figure out information about retail arbitrage book by reading on. Ok, I Think I Understand Arbitrage, Now Tell Me About Arbitrage!
Geoffrey's work helped bring attention to myths of the Celtic people, who were overwhelmed by Romans and then other invaders Merlin and Vivien, the fairy queen of Avalon. (FORTEAN PICTURE LIBRARY) Merlin and Vivien, the fairy queen of Avalon. ( After Arthur received mortal wounds in battle, he was tended to by a maiden and placed aboard a boat bound for Avalon. The location of Avalon, usually called an island, varies according to which of the many Arthurian tales is being read. Some sources suggest Avalon lies off the coast of Great Britain, or "across the sea," a term some have interpreted as the Atlantic Ocean, with Avalon possibly being the island of Greenland or a location in North America. Geoffrey likely took the name from "Avallon," a Celtic term equivalent to "apple place." Celtic myths had identified a paradise in terms that translate to an "island of apples." The old Welsh language, where the word "Avallach" referred to a mythical island, is another possible source. Arran, an island off the coast of Scotland, has been considered a possible model for Avalon. The name Arran derived from "Emhain of the Apple Trees." Another popular claim for the site of Avalon is Glastonbury, a longtime apple-growing area in England. User Contributions: Avalon forum
You are on page 1of 15 Step 4 Social Studies Learning Objective I Fourth term 2017 Boston International School To understand about how people can take an active part in government by being responsible citizens and learning more about how their government works. Learning objective To recognize the purpose of the Bill of Rights by identifying some basic rights of citizens. Citizens of Heaven Jeremiah 33:3 New International Version (NIV) things you do not know. Students will be explained that we as citizens of heaven we as well have rights and duties in a spiritual government which is heaven. The greatest right that Jesus has provided us has been the fact that now we can actually have a direct relationship with God, and talk to him, call him, ask him and He eventually will answer. Class rules Remember that we do it all for the Lord: Colossians 3:17 New King James Version (NKJV) name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through Him. 1.Spontaneous participation 2. Accurate answers 3.Comments to enrich the class Whole brain teaching Rule 1: Listen when your teacher is talking Rule 2: Follow directions quickly Rule 3: Respect others. Respect yourself. Respect your Rule 4: Raise your hand to speak or stand Rule 5: Be safe, Be kind, Be honest for the glory of God. Rule 6: Use English at all times, it is the only way to improve. Rule 7: Do not translate what your teacher says, please. Rule 8: Take risks and learn from your mistakes If the students take the motivation to misbehave he/she will from 1 to ten points of his/her participation mark. If the students distract others he/she has to talk in front of the class and apologize. If the students frequently have a bad behavior will be notified in the folder of behavior. 1. Quiz on the rights of citizens. Date: October 17th-21st , 2017 The students have to bring some supplies to work in Scissors, magazines, glue, construction paper, and They will illustrate an example of one freedom they exercise in their lives and tell why they think it is Due date: October 2nd, 2017 RUBRIC - The teacher will take into account 1. Pronunciation 2. Fluency (Student acted as a facilitator, helping the conversation flow and 3. Length of the speech 4. Proper use of various structures 5. Vocabulary used in class was used properly to communicate 6. Voice and non-verbal communication (Pronunciation was clear and inflection and expressions were used to enhance communication.) 7. Listening (Student responded to questions with appropriate answers, acknowledged all statements, and incorporated them into the discussion.) 8. Creativity displayed in bringing all the material necessary to carry out the 9. Eye contact: look at the audience during the entire presentation while 10. Use of notecards: look at audience while speaking, not reading straight from the notecards. 11. biblical integrated approach - Elect - Election - Ballot - Majority rule - Minority rights Freedom of speech is one of our basic rights. It allows citizens to speak in public about their ideas and beliefs. Another right is the freedom to gather peacefully in a group, this is called freedom of assembly. People who share the same opinion can assemble, or get together. Then we have the freedom of the press that allows people to write, read, and watch what they want, freedom of communication and expression through mediums. And all citizens are free to practice any religion, too. This is called freedom of religion. One the most important rights citizens have in Colombia and USA is that we have the right to vote. This is the right to choose our own president. To vote we must be at least 18 years old By voting in an election, citizens help to elect, or choose, their governments leaders. When citizens go vote they are going to see a ballot, which is a list of all the posible choices in an election. At the end of every elections we hae the results. The results are going to demostrate if some one loose of wins. The candidate that wins, wins for the majority rule. It is when more tan half of the voters voted in the same way, so the become majority. The vorters who did not vote for the winner are the minority. But their rules need to e respected as well, and this idea is called the minority rights READ PAGES 242 - 247 Read the pages in the book of social studies and students will participate in some questions that will be asked. INTEGRITY, September 2017 Principle of the month Proverbs 11:3 King James Version (KJV) 3 The integrity of the upright shall guide them: but the perverseness of transgressors shall destroy them
Year of 2017 Dogon village in the Bandiagara region of Mali These huts are part of a Dogon village in the Bandiagara Escarpment, located in the West African country of Mali. This region, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has been inhabited since at least the 3rd century BCE, most recently by the Dogon people. They arrived here in the 15th century and much of their culture has been preserved. The Dogon are known for their unique cliffside dwellings, religious ceremonies, and intricately carved wooden masks. The Dogon are an ethnic group living in the central plateau region of Mali, in West Africa, south of the Niger bend, near the city of Bandiagara, in the Mopti region. The population numbers between 400,000 and 800,000. They speak the Dogon languages, which are considered to constitute an independent branch of the Niger–Congo language family. Dogon People Dogon people, Mali.
It’s not the destination, It’s the journey After sitting quietly and attempting to wrap my head around Pascal’s Equilibrium of Liquids, I felt a general sense of things but was left more confused than before I began reading. I recognize that Pascal was able to come to the number 100 as a measure of equilibrium, “If a vessel of water, closed on all sides, has two openings, one hundred times larger than the other, with a piston carefully fitted to each, a man pressing the small piston will match the strength of a hundred men pressing the piston in the hundredfold great opening, and will overmaster ninety-nine.” (30) That is fine to say, but it is never explained how he arrived at the number. Where there experiments conducted until 100 fit nicely with his theory? Pascal is explaining many findings and conclusions and arrives at explaining equilibrium in liquids, as one may have guessed by the title. I really would have wanted to see and understand how he arrived at these complicated solutions. He makes a comment “Here is another proof which only geometer will be able to follow…” This seems to imply that his findings are not meant for the general public. Do you think this was an intentional jab at the average person or that Pascal merely believed we don’t have the capacity to understand? I found the change of the substance to be important because if and only if the water in the bottom freezes, then one ounce of pressure will suffice. However, if the entire tube is frozen then the 100 pound rule comes back into play. Again it would be helpful to not just state facts but explain them. I started to see how by changing forms the entire experiment changed. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
Blue-eyed humans have a single, common ancestor Source: University of Copenhagen Explore further Are redheads with blue eyes really going extinct? Citation: Blue-eyed humans have a single, common ancestor (2008, January 30) retrieved 23 April 2019 from https://phys.org/news/2008-01-blue-eyed-humans-common-ancestor.html Feedback to editors User comments Jan 30, 2008 "The mutation of brown eyes to blue represents neither a positive nor a negative mutation." So, how come most blue eyed people are also blond and lived in far northern Europe? Actually, blue eyed people also lack the pigment that filters out UV. So blue eyed people don't see very well at the beach (sunny and humid) thats a negative effect. But, they see somewhat better in low light and have better color vision in low light (Cloudy and low UV). No disadvantage but slight advantage in Northern Europe during and after the last ice age. Feb 01, 2008 I'm once again surprised about how much human evolution took place between the invention of writing (about 4000 years ago) and the last Ice Age, 22,000 years ago. We have a tendency to think the bulk of what makes us "human" happened long ago... in fact an amazing amount of development has taken place in a rather short time. Feb 12, 2008 The article says " ... compared the eye colour of blue-eyed individuals in countries as diverse as Jordan, Denmark and Turkey" Jordan and Turkey are two areas that would have been genetically influenced by the Galatian Celts who moved into what is now turkey from western europe. They were used widely as mercenaries in all surrounding areas and have doubtless have influenced the genetic make up of these areas. This would rather limit the diversity as he put it of the genetic variation of these areas.
Creating a community energy revolution Find out more The Problem Renewable energy projects cannot sell their generated energy to local people because of wildly disproportionate costs and regulations. So lots of community-scale renewables that could and should be being built and not being built. The Solution Our Campaign We are not meeting our climate change targets – the UK is way off track to meet the fourth and fifth carbon emissions budgets of the Climate Change Act. Community-scale renewable energy has huge potential to help solve this problem, but it is currently blocked from doing so. If you want to buy your electricity from local renewable sources, such as the local school and the church that have solar panels on their roofs, you cannot. We all buy our electricity from a utility company that sources it from anything connected to the National Grid, be it a field of solar panels in Wiltshire or a gas fired power station in Yorkshire. Putting it the other way around – a community with local renewable generation, e.g. housing estates with solar panels or a hydro plant in the local river – cannot sell the energy they generate to local people, but must sell it to a utility who sell it on to customers. This is happening because becoming a supplier of energy to customers requires grappling with highly complex grid balancing codes and network agreements that are controlled by the largest six utilities and that result in set-up costs of millions of pounds. Running costs are also enormous because regulations require companies supplying energy to customers to contribute to the national and regional energy grid networks. This would be like you wanting to set up a business baking cupcakes in your kitchen and delivering them to people in your local area, but instead of just paying the road tax for your delivery van you had to pay hundreds of thousands of pounds to use the roads, no matter how few cupcakes you delivered. You could never start your business – this is the reality for community-scale renewable energy in the UK. The costs and complexity of being able to sell locally generated energy to local people needs to be made proportionate to the size of the local energy co-operative’s or business’s operation. It would then be financially viable for current and potential renewable generators to set up as local co-operatives or companies selling their energy to local people. Power for People have drafted the Local Electricity Bill which lays out a mechanism that will do this. If enacted by Parliament, it would give generators of electricity the right to become local suppliers, i.e. sell their energy to local people. It gives the task of setting up this right to OFGEM, the energy market regulator. Critically, it requires that OFGEM ensures that this right means that local suppliers face set-up and running costs and complexity proportionate to the scale of their operation. The Bill also requires that OFGEM engage appropriate experts and stakeholders in the formulation of the new process. Some have suggested the Bill could be improved by adding certain new clauses, for example a detailed requirement on OFGEM to involve certain groups, or a requirement that only not-for-profit companies along with co-operatives could become local energy suppliers. There will be opportunities for redrafting and Power for People are actively seeking input from community groups, experts and academics on how that could be done. If the Bill became law it would give a huge boost to the deployment of renewable energy generation. Communities would benefit from selling local renewable energy Revenues could be invested in local services or to improve energy efficiency in local buildings. Many more communities could raise funds to build more renewable energy With a viable economic incentive to build renewable energy projects, communities could become drivers of the rapid move to renewables that the UK desperately needs. The direct benefits for communities would create wider reaching benefits There would be greater acceptance and welcoming of the transition to 100% renewable energy, a greater choice of energy suppliers, local economies would be more resilient and local skilled jobs would be created. The Local Electricity Bill currently has the support of a cross-party group of 108 MPs. If the Bill is to become UK law, it will need many more. The complexities of Parliament mean that there is no exact number of MPs that guarantees success. Often a large number of supportive MPs – e.g. around 330, which is more than half the House of Commons – will lead to the government supporting the Bill which then makes the chance it will become law extremely likely. What is certain is that every additional supportive MP increases the chance that the Bill will become law. That is why Power for People are mobilising people at constituency level to call on their MP to back it. We need your help with this so please sign up. Power for People needs you! Our campaigns will only succeed if many people get involved and take action. It’s all about strength in numbers and working together to achieve a common goal. We know this works because of the many successful campaigns for environmental and social change that have been won through mass grass-roots action. Please sign up to receive updates on how our campaigns are progressing and ways that you can help. By signing up you are agreeing to hear from Power for People about ways you can get involved in and help support our campaigns. Power for People will not share your data with anyone else. You can opt out at any time. A cross-party group of support the Local Electricity Bill We need many more MPs to back the Bill if it is to become law. You can find a full list of the cross-party group of 108 MPs who currently support the bill HERE. Contact your MP and ask them to support the Local Electricity Bill by clicking the button below. We’d love to hear from you! You can call or write to us using the details below, or send a message to the Power for People team by using the contact form. 020 7383 9122 8 Delancey Passage, London NW1 7NN
1 minute read Attribution Theory An area of cognitive therapy that is concerned with how people explain the causes of behavior, both their own and those of others. A major concept in the study of attribution theory is locus of control: whether one interprets events as being caused by one's own behavior or by outside circumstances. A person with an internal locus of control, an "internal," for example, will believe that her performance on a work project is governed by her ability or by how hard she works. An "external" will attribute success or failure by concluding that the project was easy or hard, the boss was helpful or unhelpful, or some other rationale. In general, an internal locus of control is associated with optimism and physical health. People with an internal locus of control also tend to be more successful at delaying gratification. Internal or external attribution is also made with respect to other people (i.e., is another person personally responsible for a certain event, or is it caused by something beyond his or her control?). We make this sort of attribution when we decide whether or not to blame a friend for failing to pay back a loan. If we blame it on her personal qualities, the attribution is internal. If we blame it on a problem she is having, then the attribution is external. Three factors influence whether the behavior of others is attributed to internal or external causes: consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness. Consensus refers to whether other people exhibit similar behavior; consistency refers to whether the behavior occurs repeatedly; and distinctiveness is concerned with whether the behavior occurs in other, similar, situations. For example, if a friend consistently fails to repay a loan, an internal attribution may be ascribed. Further Reading Douglas, Tom. Scapegoats: Transferring Blame. New York: Routledge, 1995. Hewstone, Miles, ed. Attribution Theory: Social and Functional Extensions. Oxford, England: B. Blackwell, 1983. Lamb, Sharon. The Trouble with Blame: Victims, Perpetrators, and Responsibility. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996. McLaughlin, Mary L., Michael J. Cody, and Stephen Reed, eds. Explaining Oneself to Others: Reason-Giving in a Social Context. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.,1992. Additional topics Psychology EncyclopediaTherapy and Treatments
We often overlook what children are capable of, and have yet to realize the wealth of empathy, kindness and generosity hidden in them. Just the other day, a colleague was sharing how she was pleasantly surprised by her son’s kind gesture. Her 6 year-old son was with his grandmother and younger sister at a grocery store, when he suddenly rushed forward to help an old lady with her grocery basket. Parents can tap into this by providing opportunities for their children to exhibit kindness in their everyday lives. acts of kindnessHere are some random acts of kindness your child can do: 1. Smile and greet the school or public bus driver. 2. Say good morning to your school principal, teachers, classmates and cleaners. 3. Let your friends go first at school. 4. Write a thank you note to your teacher or friend. 5. Praise your friends when they do something nice. 6. Help your teacher in class by tidying the classroom and making sure it is clean. 7. Be friendly and help the new kid in class. showing kindness to others 8. Donate your toys, clothes and books that you have outgrown to children in need. 9. Give up your seat to a pregnant lady or elderly person when on the MRT or bus. 10. Pack up your toys and tidy your room without mummy or daddy telling you to do so. 11. Help daddy and mummy look after your younger brother or sister. 12. Thank your helper or ‘aunty’ for taking care of you, cooking food for you and keeping the house clean. 13. If you have not seen Ah Gong and Ah Ma (Po Po or Ye Ye) in a while, call them and check how they are doing. 14. Offer a hug if someone your love is sad. 15. Smile! Smiling is contagious and you will be surprised how many people will smile back at you. 16. Tell mummy and daddy you love them and thank them for taking good care of you. What other acts of kindness have you or your child done lately? Feel free to share your acts or other ideas below!
The Tectonics of Learning – Regression and Progression If you’ve never experienced an earthquake, take my word for it, they’re attention grabbers. One moment everything is calm, and the next moment usually without warning, the ground is shaking with a rumble like no other. Coming from California, I’ve experienced three major earthquakes in my lifetime, and countless aftershocks. Sometimes the damage is minor, a broken window, a fallen planter box, or even a short power outage. We native Californians tend to shrug those off; then there’s the other times… Loma Prieta hit 5 days prior to my 14th birthday in 1989, and I still recall the events as though they were yesterday. Working where I work, and doing what I do, it’s common to encounter families who are on the verge of experiencing their own little earthquake as they walk the fault lying between their two tectonic plates of life: Progression and Regression. The tend to tiptoe between survival mode and a blind hope of finding the “magic bullet” to solve their dilemma. Push too hard in one direction and they may slide backwards. Push too far forward, and they may fall flat in an attempt at progress. There was a question posted recently on one of the Facebook pages I follow regarding what to do, or think, when a child starts Vision Therapy and within the first few weeks has a dip in academic performance. Since conventional wisdom surely would lead one in the direction of something positive after beginning Vision Therapy, the inference of the question is beyond fair when things go the other way. Is this good? Is this bad? Is this normal? Am I missing something? All are good points. But before we go there, consider this: If someone were to ask you to identify the one aspect of an earthquake which makes it an earthquake, eventually we’d all reach the same one-word answer: movement. Alas, without movement, an earthquake is just…the ground. Movement is where earthquakes happen. Movement is what makes earthquakes scary, and violent, and nerve-racking, and destructive, and sadly it’s also what can make them so destructive. But the movement is the key ingredient. The same can be said for learning…movement is key. Learning is not a continuous forward motion; rather, it more resembles a sine graph. There’s peaks and valleys. There’s ebbs and flows. There’s ascents and descents. There’s no telling when, if ever, if will level off. If it’s nothing else, it’s never a static posture. Sure, maybe there’s days the fluctuations are more gradual or less gradual, but the fact remains that change is the only constant. And just like the sine graph, no matter which direction your parabola of learning begins there’s certainly no need to panic since it’s clear there’s an upswing on the horizon. Movement is movement, although understandably it may seem like an internal earthquake to the patient and their families, something is happening. Unlike an earthquake though, this movement is welcomed. Stay tuned for Part 2. Posted on September 28, 2016, in From My Perspective.... Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment. Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s %d bloggers like this:
You're recycling your milk carton all wrong milk recyclingGus Lubin Cartons are primarily made of paper but also have a thin layer of polyethylene (plastic). Shelf-stable cartons contain a layer of aluminum. As such, milk cartons should be recycled with plastic, metal, and glass containers. Ultimately, the cartons will be sorted separately at the recycling facility and disposed of properly. (The NYC Department of Sanitation gives the same instructions.) A few other surprising facts to keep in mind: You don't need to rinse out cartons before recycling. (Of course, you might want to if worried about smells.) NOW WATCH: Why organic milk lasts longer than regular milk Subscribe to whatsappSubscribe to whatsapp Add Comment() Comments () Sort By: Be the first one to comment.
The Internet of Risky Things The Internet of Risky Things Before you install an Internet of Things (IoT) device into your home or business, think long and hard about what data it is collecting and where that data is being sent. IoT Good or Bad? There is plenty of noise in the tech media about the Internet of Things (IoT). Despite the coverage, people still aren’t quite sure whether it’s a good or bad thing. Less than two years ago, there was a huge attack on an Internet service provider in which a botnet of IoT devices played a large part and made a portion of the Internet unavailable for a while. It was a significant moment which raised questions about the security of IoT. Whilst IoT security is now more in the spotlight, the potentially bigger problem of privacy risk isn’t receiving the same attention. The Data Harvest The low cost and ease of implementation means manufacturers are going to put Wi-Fi-connected chips into just about every device we use in our homes and businesses. IoT is unavoidable. The low costs combined with the incentives that companies have to harvest data on user behaviour, should be ringing alarm bells. Imagine your oven, refrigerator and microwave have data-collecting chips in them, all with the stated purpose of providing a benefit to you. The manufacturer can collect usage data, from the times of day and how long you use them, to what food is being prepared or stored in the freezer. This data could then be combined with information you may have previously provided when you signed up, such as where you live and your household income, to form a more detailed picture of your day to day life and habits. In the 21st century, this may not seem so terrible. Until something bad happens. And it will. IoT Small Business Risk The risk can be even greater for businesses that introduce IoT devices. Consumers might get anxious when they think about their internet attached devices monitoring them and listening to their conversations, but businesses are behind the curve in assessing the potential issues. Before you deploy web enabled devices in your organisation, stop and think about what kind of data is going to be collected and where it might be going. For businesses that value their privacy, this could be critical. Coffee shop owners are purchasing devices intended for home use to monitor and protect their business. The system is connected to their Wi-Fi network using default configuration options and the owners aren’t thinking about the potential nightmare, should they lose control over that device, because it isn’t secure. If the device is subsequently hacked, criminals can monitor customer traffic and flow, and could even zoom in on credit card numbers if the camera happens to be near a cash register. IoT Risks in Larger Enterprises The risk does not just exist for small businesses. Medium-sized and corporate businesses often make use of things like smart TV screens. Smart TVs are usually connected to a wireless network to display analytics and statistics and you may not be surprised to find that many of those TVs are connecting back to their manufacturers to gather advertising information and usage statistics. Some new TVs have webcams on them with incorporated microphones. Many businesses also have cameras covering the lobby and entrances. Data about peoples’ comings and goings and what they are doing is being recorded and stored in the cloud, often protected only by a password that was never changed from the default. Be Aware and Plan Accordingly The advice is not that you should banish IoT devices from your home or business. It’s more that you need to think about a few things first before you invite these devices into your lives. Weigh-up the risks and benefit when it comes to purchasing Internet-connected devices. Is the risk worth it, if the data got into the wrong hands? If the data is stored in the cloud, make sure you are using long and strong passphrases and enable two-factor authentication everywhere you can. Keep the device software updated and protect the data they produce (if you can). Make a conscious, risk-aware decision and plan accordingly. Be aware of what information you are giving away. Read the privacy policies of the IoT device manufacturer. If they are collecting your data, they legally have to disclose it. The potential for IoT devices is huge. No one knows exactly where the industry is going to go or what is likely to happen. Tread carefully. Subscribe to Receive Our Newsletter Information Security Compliance
Amino acids for mammary gland growth The mammary glands are the key tissue organ that cannot be ignored in discussing lactating sows because of their metabolic importance in synthesizing and secreting milk that is directly related to litter weight gain and litter weaning weight. Mammary glands take up amino acids from the bloodstream, synthesize milk proteins and secrete milk to nursing pigs. Understanding the metabolism and biology of mammary glands is, therefore, a crucial initial point for improving reproductive performance of lactating sows and overall swine production. At the onset of parturition, the mammary gland undergoes major physiological changes. Mammary epithelial cells actively synthesize and secrete milk into lumen that is then released to nursing pigs. During colostrum secretion, lactation is continuous but it becomes periodic within a couple of days after farrowing as colostrum secretion ends and milk secretion begins. As sows milk periodically, their nursing pigs establish a unique teat order which is relatively strong (McBride, 1963; De Passille and Rushen, 1989). Some mammary glands are used by nursing pigs whereas the other remaining glands are not being used. The numbers of lactating and non-lactating mammary glands depends on litter size and total number of mammary glands. Suckled mammary glands are functional and continue to lactate, whereas non-suckled mammary glands undergo substantial regression during the first 7-10 days of lactation (Kim et al., 2001a). A lactating mammary gland clearly continues to grow as lactation continues (Kim et al., 1999a). It has been shown that 1.0 g day-1 of lysine (or 7.0 g day-1 of essential amino acids) is incorporated into mammary tissue protein for sows with ten nursing pigs (Kim et al., 1999a). However, the actual amount of amino acids needed for the tissue growth would be higher than that deposited in mammary tissue protein. Regressing non-suckled mammary glands may provide a small amount of lysine (0.4 g day-1 or 2.1 g essential amino acids day :) to other suckled lactating mammary glands (Kim et al., 2001a). Trottier et al. (1997) measured the amount of essential amino acids taken up by mammary glands (188.5 g day-1), secreted as milk proteins (139.5 g day-1), and finally retained in mammary gland (49.0 g day-1). It is, then, calculated that only 14% of essential amino acids were actually used for tissue growth (Kim et al., 1999a) and the remaining 76% of essential amino acids was either transformed to other non-essential amino acids or oxidized as energy sources (Richert et al., 1998). For individual amino acids, oxidation rates were different among essential amino acids (Table 12.4). It was shown that branched-chain amino acids are highly oxidizable relative to other essential amino acids in mammary glands. High oxidation rate in valine suggests that sows may need a higher valine requirement (11.5 g kg-1) than the requirement from NRC recommendation (Richert et al., 1996; NRC, 1998). The amount of amino acids in lactating mammary glands increases during lactation as mammary glands grow continuously (Kim et al., 1999a). However, mammary amino acids increase at different rates depending on the stage of lactation (Kim et al., 2000a). In a Table 12.4. Amino acids retained or accumulated in mammary gland of lactating sows3. Retained EAA (g day-1) Tissue EAA (g day-1) Oxidation rate (%) 3Adapted from Trottier et al. (1997) and Kim et al. (1999a). normal nutritional status, growth rate is maximized during the first 2 weeks of lactation, and then slows down until weaning. The amount of dietary amino acids affects mammary gland growth. It has been shown that amino acid and energy intakes during lactation affect the growth of mammary glands (Kim et ai, 1999b). Mammary gland growth in lactating sows was maximized when a sow consumed 55 g total lysine and 70.7 MJ ME per day during lactation. Suggested energy requirement is about the same level as suggested by NRC (1998), whereas lysine (or essential amino acids) requirement for maximal mammary gland growth was about 10% higher than the NRC recommendation. One explanation for this difference is that the NRC recommendation did not consider amino acid needs for mammary gland growth in establishing requirements that were shown to be between 3.2 and 7.14 g day-1 (Trottier et ai, 1997; Kim et ai, 1999a). Jackson et ai (2000) and Hurley et ai (2000) reported that the cellular transport systems for lysine and valine should not be limiting factors in lysine and valine uptakes suggesting that increased dietary amino acids would increase amino acid uptake by mammary cells that can be used for tissue and milk protein synthesis. However, increasing intakes of specific amino acids should be achieved with a consideration of the balance with other essential amino acids. Sows with different litter sizes had different rates of mammary gland growth during lactation. For the sows with the larger litter size, i.e. up to 12, the growth of individual suckled mammary glands were smaller than sows with smaller litter size, i.e. down to 6, whereas the total size of suckled mammary glands was definitely greater (Kim et ai, 1999c). There was a 0.13 g lysine (or 0.80 g essential amino acids) increase in mammary tissue for one pig increase to a litter during 21 day lactation. Amino acid needs for an increased litter would be greater when amino acid oxidation is considered. Nielsen et ai (1997) measured the changes of amino acid quantity taken up by mammary glands from the sows with different litter sizes. Considering Nielsen's data, amino acid needs for additional pigs in the litter would be higher than actual tissue accumulation (Table 12.5). Lactational mammary gland growth was also affected by the anatomical location of each mammary gland in the sow. The first five pairs of suckled mammary glands grew faster than other posterior glands during lactation and pigs that suckled the first five pairs of mammary glands also grew faster than other pigs during lactation (Kim et ai, 2000b). There was a clear relationship between protein content in suckled mammary gland and the growth of pigs during lactation (Kim et ai, 2000b; Nielsen et ai, 2001) indicating benefits of encouraging mammary gland growth during lactation for improving pig production. 100 Weight Loss Tips 100 Weight Loss Tips Get My Free Ebook Post a comment
There are large traces of pesticides in vegetables, fruits and even cereals we eat. When the farmers spray these toxic pesticides it eliminates the harmful pests and insects affecting the crops. However, its toxicity does not end there. With every developmental stage, these toxins gets penetrated into the skin of the fruits or vegetables that easily moves into your food bowel, even after repetitive washing. These pesticide residues in food have increased incidence of many diseases in children, who are especially low at immunity. It contributes to various neurological disorders, stomach disorders, attention deficit, and memory loss. As children are less efficient in neutralizing the harmful pesticides present in their diet, they fall under the high stress category than adults. In 2014, the US dept of Agriculture reported at least one pesticide in the food items. There is always more than one way to protect yourself and your family from pesticide hazards, and the way is really simple- Using organic products. But this can be a pocket pinching affair for many and also hard to find. If you are low on budget, then prioritize your lists of items. Like the fruits, pulses or vegetables you buy the most needs to be organic. You need to gain knowledge on some of the most commonly used pesticides, like Chlorpyrifos (which is also an approved pesticide) that cause harm to children, elderly, and pregnant ladies, way beyond anyone can imagine. Even trace amount of this pesticide on the food items can also lead to many harmful side effects in children. Another best alternative to stay safe is use of natural pesticides, such as Rotenone (recommended dose to be kept less than mg). It is nearly 30 times less toxic than Captan and around 40 times less toxic than Pyrimethanil, both of which are synthetic pesticides. Rotenone is the only known natural pesticide that ranks out the above mentioned synthetic pesticides in term of toxicity. Some farmers even use these highly toxic synthetic pesticides in combination to deal with the pest issues. This has in turn raised the risk bar by producing cumulative health effects. People need to understand that the set limits for pesticides decided by various health agencies is purely based on animal studies. Hence, its effectiveness or protection shield against humans is still unknown or we can say unclear. In light of this, we can make use of certain important research findings that can be of great help in understanding the real picture at the back door. There are studies suggesting pregnant women living near farms where pesticide application is done, have been found to be highly exposed to this toxic element. It is not always the pesticides, but at times naturally occurring toxins can also mirror the toxic effects of a pesticide. Some of these compounds are formaldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, flavonoids, and so on. These natural toxins are found to be a causative agent of cancer and related diseases. Apart from all these concerns, you are the best judge for your kids and your family. Certainly check for the organic tag or mark while you buy any regular products from the mart.
Face Fit Testing If you have decided that staff need to wear masks to reduce the hazards from vapours or particulates then you have an obligation under COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health) to ensure that the mask is suitable. What is a Fit Test? There are two types: Qualitative: can be used for 1/2 face and disposable respirators or masks. It uses 'taste' and a range of exercises carried out to determine if the mask is suitable for the person wearing it. The test is Pass or Fail. (This is the type of test we do). Quantitative: uses numerical measurement of the amount of leakage into the mask by placing a probe inside the mask and comparing levels of the test substance inside and outside the mask. When do we need to do one? Whenever anyone uses a tight fitting respirator / mask to protect them from fumes, particles, vapours they are exposed to during their work. Can anyone not have a fit test? The fit test cannot be carried out on people with stubble or beards because the respirator will not seal effectively and therefore not offer full protection. Full face/air fed masks must be used or the employee must shave. How long does it take? First a sensitivity test needs to be carried out, then a half hour wait to remove all traces of the test solution. Then, a discussion of the mask that is worn, relevant checks and how to fit it. The actual test takes about 10 minutes. How much does it cost? This does depend on how many people that need the test. From £45 per mask. If employees wear more than one type of respirator they need testing on both. NB even masks that have a self test feature state in their instructions that the wearer should undergo a fit test. Worcestershire\|West Midlands\|Gloucestershire\|Warwickshire\|Staffordshire\|Shropshire\|Herefordshire\|Oxfordshire
Sprite Effects Definition - What does Sprite Effects mean? Sprite effects are graphical images normally found on gaming multimedia that rotate in relation to the user's movement or camera rotation. A sprite contains a series of pictures that display themselves as one picture or animation. Techopedia explains Sprite Effects Sprite effects are actually flat and face the user even though their graphics give the effect of movement or change. Prior to 3-D graphics software, most computers contained hardware-based sprites. The abilities of sprite efffects were typically limited to how many hardware sprites could be generated. Sprite effects can make objects look similar no matter the viewing angle, even though these effects are illusions. Shadows and lighting capabilities are prime examples of sprite effects within 3-D graphics. Share this:
understanding polar vortex 2019 3 Things To Understand About The Recent Polar Vortex And What Climate Change Had To Do With It A once-in-generation freeze. January 29, 2019, had to have been one of the coldest days on record for a long time in many parts of the northern and midwestern parts of the country. In some places it got down to almost -30 with wind chills increasing many of those places down to -50, giving almost three-quarters of the U.S. population a bone-chilling cold. A Polar Vortex is a low-pressure area – essentially a wide expanse of swirling cold air – that is parked over polar regions, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Some of those that deny climate change used the polar vortex to call into question the warming of the planet, but just because the cold is in one place, doesn't mean the planet isn't warming. The Arctic is warming two to three times as fast as the global average. Here are the things scientist know: 1. Even though there was a few days of extreme cold, global temperatures are still rising in other words, even with the cold, global warming is still a major problem. 2. The cold was only local to the US, the rest of the world was fairly warm In Australia, the temperature went above 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit), proving that the weather has been in the extreme on both ends within the past few weeks. 3. Research is showing a connection between Arctic temperatures and extreme winters polar vortex Melting sea ice speeds up the warming in the Arctic opens up more water to absorb more heat, than before, because of the way sunlight reflects off of the Earth's surface. Changes are happing and not just ones that affect the Arctic, the planet is an interconnected system and the melting is already having an effect on the southern parts of the globe. The jet stream is another one of the key players in the weather patterns of the US and other areas around the world. Jet streams are relatively narrow bands of strong wind in the upper levels of the atmosphere. In this case, the polar jet stream is the one that caused the cold temperatures we saw on Jan. 30th is mainly driven by the temperature contrast between masses of icy air over the North Pole and warmer air near the equator. it is the strongest in the winter because of this, producing a stronger effect for those living in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. When it rolls along normally, the weather is relatively normal. But sometimes, when there is a slow down in how the jets stream moves it causes a big dip in the line and this dip (depending on the time of year) is why there is such a contrast in temperatures. the faster it moves the smaller it dips, the same goes for if it slows down. And its changing. Over the past several decades, weakening because of human-caused global warming. The last few years have been some of the warmest on record and it's only going up from there. Popular Right Now 5 Major Issues Facing The United States Today And why they are so important The Land of the Free. The Home of the Brave. The U.S. is a country that I have always felt lucky to grow up in. We have the strongest passport in the world, best air-traffic control, a powerful influence in international relations, and a stable-ish governmental system. We haven't had violent governmental upheavals lead by dictators (though we could argue we have a fear-mongering president at the moment). As a white, American, middle-class woman, I can't say that I haven't experienced the comforts and privileges of being an American, and I have been grateful for some of them. It's impossible to ignore the shady stuff that the United States government has done though, including displacing an entire indigenous nation in order to take their land and capitalize on its resources. When we celebrate patriotism in the United States, we sing our national anthem proudly and cheer that we are living in a "free country." There are five particular areas where, compared to other countries, the United States could be doing a lot better. Love for one's country has to be more than a paltry sense of nationalism or a spirit of competition against other nations. It has to be a willingness to admit the faults of the country you live in and fight for not only the rights of you and your family, but for the rights of all inhabitants of the United States. Here are only five of the many issues I think the government needs to address to move in the right direction, since it feels like we've been moving backwards since November 2016. 1. First off, the quality of education in America varies widely depending on the location of a school and its financial resources. According to The Atlantic, one in four American students don't meet the base-level of math competency as observed in PISA surveys where global education is reviewed. The U.S. ranks 26th out of the 34 surveyed countries in mathematics scores. The Socio-economic status of the students and schools surveyed has a lot to do with this low score. Additionally, there is not a clear set of curriculum besides for Math, Sciences, Reading, and Writing courses (as well as gym classes), that seem to be required. Private schools can adjust this curriculum how they see fit. Some schools can't afford to train their teachers to teach AP classes or hire enough faculty to actually benefit their students. Once again it seems like the more money you have, the better education you'll get for your kids. Students in inner city schools are more likely to be educationally disadvantaged compared to those that live in wealthier suburbs. 2. Parental Leave The U.S. is still one of the only industrialized countries that does not have paid leave for the parents of newborns. Less than 2o percent of employers in America offer fully paid maternity leave. My parents were lucky that my grandmother lived ten minutes away so that I never had to go to an infant day care or anything of the kind as a toddler. Most families go into debt when one of the parents has to quit their job or pay for nannies and day care because they can't earn a salary when they decide to stay home for their children. Countries like Russia, the Netherlands, France, and Spain offer 100 percent pay to their workers and over 100 days of parental leave. The US, Lesotho, Swaziland, and Papua New Guinea are the only countries that do not require parents to take a paid leave. Apparently raising families in America is only practical if you're wealthy. 3. Climate Change With this week's headliner being Trump's pulling out of the Paris Accords, the U.S. is in a climate crisis. The first major anti-environmental awareness move that Trump made was to appoint Scott Pruitt, a known skeptic of climate change, to the head of the EPA. Pruitt believes that putting the federal government in charge of addressing climate change is a mistake, and this moronic thinking is only reinforced by Trump's promises to increase fossil fuel productions in the U.S. in order to make the world better for the American people. Now that he's pulled out of the Paris Accords, an agreement between countries to lower their emissions, Trump is making certain that the U.S. won't have to play by the rules, and this will undoubtedly cause irreperable damage to the environment, and to foreign relations. 3. Mental Health Awareness This issue is less talked about on the political level in the U.S. We live in a country that is largely dominated by Western, Christian thought, and in more superstitious, less-educated communities, mental illness is no more than a sign of evil in the world with no cure. Many teenagers reach a breaking point when they go away to college, and suddenly realize that they suffer from extreme anxiety, depression, OCD, and other disorders, which can all be easily hidden when they are high-functioning disorders. Sadly, states have cut back funding for mental healthcare by $5 billion between 2009 and 2012. Mental healthcare is the hardest medical service to get access to in the United States, and almost 90 million Americans live in areas where there is a shortage of mental healthcare professionals. Related Content Connect with a generation of new voices. Learn more Start Creating Brunei's Brutal New Penal Code Punishes Gay People By Stoning To Death Defining being gay as a crime is appalling; likewise that a country would sentence gay people to stoning at this point in time. Recently, many celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres and Elton John, have taken to social media to urge a boycott of certain hotels. These hotels are owned by the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah. The purpose of the boycott is to protest Brunei's new penal code, which employs overly harsh punishments for acts that are normally not regarded as crimes. Most notably, people can be stoned to death for having gay sex or an extramarital affair. More specifically, stoning is used for gay men, while sex between two women is punished by whipping. Adultery, anal sex, and abortion will also be punished by stoning. Other punishments include amputation of limbs for theft and the death penalty for rape or heresy. It's clear why these celebrities are outraged at Brunei's new law. The news of Brunei's penal code comes as a shock, especially in 2019. The law employs punishments that are very much outdated and easily defined as barbaric. Furthermore, these punishments apply to anyone who has reached puberty, even those who are considered minors by Western standards, and young children can still be whipped as punishment. These punishments are needlessly brutal. Punishments such as the amputation of limbs are irreversible and leave a permanent impact on a person for even a minor transgression. The actions included in the penal code do not warrant such harsh punishments. Criminalizing sexual identity is appalling; likewise that a country would sentence gay people to stoning at this point in time. This seems to be the main focus of the celebrities who have spoken out against Brunei, and for good reason. While steps have been made worldwide towards equal rights for members of the LGBTQ+ community, Brunei's penal code is a huge step backward. While it's good to keep the list of hotels to boycott in mind, for those of us who aren't traveling very often, the best thing to do is to speak out and bring attention to the injustice of Brunei's penal code. The penal code was initially delayed by international protest, and spreading the word and making Brunei's law widely known can make the difference in pressuring the country to change the law. This is an issue that requires immediate attention and action. Brunei's penal code is unjust and a hindrance to the progress being made towards marriage equality and LGBTQ+ rights. Related Content Facebook Comments
Four Pieces Of Technology That Prove We’re Living In The Future There’s no denying that the ‘future’ is a subjective term. However, it’s also completely undeniable that we’re living in it! If automated cars, personal devices with the processing power of last century’s super computers, and private sector space-ships don’t convince you, nothing will. Big Strides, Bigger Effects One of the biggest ‘futuristic’ areas is in computing. Just fifty years ago, the kind of computer power that operates your cell phone was still a dream away. In December of 2014, the fastest computer in the world operated at a speed measured in quadrillions of cycles per second and there are cell-phones that have processing power nearing 1 Gigaflops (flops – floating point operations per second). Compare that to the supercomputing Cray-2 which peaked at 1.9 Gigaflops when it was introduced in 1985. If the ‘future’ has to be defined, computers are the definition. They’re everywhere, controlling everything, and making technology possible that was pure science fiction just decades ago. When you call up a friend on the cell-phone or check a fact on the Internet, you’re not just doing something mundane. You’re tapping the buttons of the future. Hey, Hal! Along with modern computers goes voice recognition technology. The technology might have once been a bad commercial joke and lab showpiece, but today it’s working in a variety of places. It appears in doctor’s offices, vehicles, and especially smart phones. Most of the current voice recognition software isn’t good enough to have a real conversation with, but that’s steadily getting closer, too. We’re working on technology that will make arguing with an annoying gold-plated android possible. Not only are we living in the future, we’re still building the future we’ll be living in tomorrow. Wagon Trains To A New Frontier? For the first time, space flight is realistically within reach of private companies and individuals. One of the leaders in privatized space flight R&D, Virgin Galactic, is hard at work building a line of space vessels that mirrors earth-bound passenger lines. Their current design, SpaceShipTwo, will carry up to eight passengers with a view towards sight-seeing. A trip into space, looking for adventure, is one of humanity’s oldest dreams come true. If SpaceShipTwo functions as well as SpaceShipOne already has, we might be visiting Bigelow’s space module sooner than we ever expected. Getting There For centuries, roads allowed the Romans to maintain and expand an empire. The reason for this: ease of transportation for everyone, most particularly the Roman legions. Now, however, roads have become ‘so last-century’ as far as being the pinnacle of rapid travel. Super efficient cars get us everywhere we need to go daily, but the entire world is within reach by air. Trans-oceanic flights are not only common-place, they’re trips on which we expect every amenity. Yes, It’s The Future These are just a few examples of exactly why we’re living in the future. Our technology has even exceeded the predictions of science-fiction in some areas and is rapidly outpacing even the modern imagination. Are you sitting in your armchair at home or your office at work? Maybe you’re at a restaurant having lunch? It doesn’t matter, really. Wherever you are, look around; chances are, you’ll be staring at something that proves we’re in the future.
Ball change dance definition essay Dance fits all the requirements of a sport, and has the physical and mental challenges of a sport, as well. If you are shaking your head thinking, This girl's crazy, get GLOSSARY of DANCE TERMINOLOGY January, 1998 Compiled by the Practice Committee Performing Arts Special Interest Group Orthopaedic Section, APTA Ballet A basic linking step which permits a change from one fifth position to another. pas de chat: Step of the cat. A jump beginning and ending in fifth position. It looks like you've lost connection to our server. Please check your internet connection or reload this page. Ball change definition is a quick change of weight from the ball of one foot to the other in ballroom and tap dancing. The kick ball change is a step found in almost all forms of dancing, from ballet to tap to hiphop. A kick ball change consists of three kicksteps and a ball change. That is, you kick your foot once and step forward, putting your foot down. Kick with the other foot and step your foot down. Switch to the other foot and kick, then step your foot down. Modern dance was created as a rebellion against the prevalent dance forms of the time, ballet and Vaudeville. It is a form of theatrical dance, known for its continual fusion of nonwestern style and ideas, which allows for a fresh source of movement inspiration. Glossary of Dance Terms and Common Abbreviations. Steps, Actions, and Other Notation: The part of the foot just behind the toes. When dancing" up" one would Ball change dance definition essay, " ballflat. " Ball Change: but this change could occur along the line of dance or along a diagonal. Sometimes, the woman turns under joined hands during the change. Place the ball of the foot beside the supporting foot, this movement does not take weight. TRIPLET: A three step pattern with the accent usually on the first step. TURNOUT: A position of the legs with the feet and knees turned outward from the hips. Ball change is a dance move that consists of two steps: a partial weight transfer on the ball of a foot (placed e. g.behind), followed by a step on the other foot. Kick ball change [ edit Kick ball change is a dance move that consists of a Laban Movement Analysis is a theoretical and experiential system for the observation, description, prescription, performance, and interpretation of human movement. LMA provides a rich overview of the scope of movement possibilities. Phone: (666) 166-7660 x 5652 Email: [email protected]
The Full Wiki When Worlds Collide: Map Wikipedia article: Map showing all locations mentioned on Wikipedia article: When Worlds Collide is a 1933 science fiction novel co-written by Philip Wylie and Edwin Balmer; they both also co-authored the sequel After Worlds Collide (1934). It was first published as a six-part monthly serial (September 1932-February 1933) in Blue Book magazine, illustrated by Joseph Franké. Plot summary Sven Bronson, a South African astronomer, discovers that a pair of rogue planets, Bronson Alpha and Bronson Beta, will soon enter the solar system. The larger one, Alpha, will pass close enough to cause catastrophic damage. Eight months later, after swinging around the Sun, Alpha will return to pulverize the Earth and leave. It is believed that Bronson Beta will remain and assume a stable orbit. Scientists led by Cole Hendron work desperately to build ships to transport enough people, animals and equipment to Bronson Beta in an attempt to save the human race. Governments are skeptical, but the scientists persist and develop the technology necessary for the spacecraft, which are built in various countries. Nations including the United States evacuate their coastal regions in preparation for the Bronson bodies' first pass. Tides reach heights of hundreds of meters, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes take their deadly toll, and the weather runs wild for more than two days. As a token of things to come, Bronson Alpha's first pass takes out the Moon. The isolated Hendron camp manages to build two ships which take off together with all of the survivors of the camp (after beating off an attack from refugees desperate to escape). One ship makes a successful landing, but without radio contact with any other ships, the crew members assume that only they made it across. They find that Beta is habitable and that there are traces of a native civilization wiped out when, millions of years before, the planet was torn away from its sun. The sequel, After Worlds Collide, follows the fate of the survivors on Bronson Beta. Adaptations and influences When Worlds Collide had far-reaching influences on the science fiction genre. The themes of an approaching planet threatening the Earth, and an athletic hero and his girlfriend traveling to the new planet by rocket, were used by writer Alex Raymond in his 1934 comic strip Flash Gordon. The 1938-1941 strip Speed Spaulding was more directly based on the novel. The themes of escape from a doomed planet to a habitable one also can be seen in Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster's 1938 comic Superman. The novel was also adapted as the 1951 film When Worlds Collide, produced by George Pal and directed by Rudolph Mate. The film inspired Deep Impact. Another film adaptation is scheduled for release in 2010 by DreamWorksmarker, directed by Stephen Sommers. In the movie The Rocky Horror Picture Show the very first song ("Science Fiction, Double Feature") refers to the film. External links Embed code: Got something to say? Make a comment. Your name Your email address
The American Bulldog is a breed of working dog. The names associated with the Bully and Standard types are those of the breeders who were influential in developing them, John D. Johnson (Bully) and Alan Scott (Standard). The American bulldog is a stocky, well built, strong-looking dog, with a large head and a muscular build. Its coat is short and generally smooth. The breed is a light to moderate shedder; however, they should be brushed on regular basis. Colors, while historically predominantly white with patches of red, black, or brindle, have grown in recent years to include many color patterns including black, red, brown, fawn, and all shades of brindle. The color conformation is quite varied, but solid black or any degree of merle is considered a cosmetic fault, and a blue color is a disqualification by the NKC Breed Standard. Black pigmentation on the nose and eye rims is preferred, with only some pink allowed. Eye color is usually brown, but heterochromia also occurs, although considered a cosmetic fault. American Bulldogs can be droolers; this varies and is more prevalent in the Bully type, which is generally a larger, heavier dog with a shorter muzzle. Standard or Performance types are generally more athletic with longer muzzles and a more square head. It is important to note that many modern American Bulldogs are a combination of the two types usually termed "hybrid." In general, American Bulldogs weigh between 27 to 54 kg (60 to 120 lb) and are 52 to 70 cm (20 to 28 in) at the withers, but have been known to greatly exceed these dimensions, especially in the "out of standard," nonworking stock. American Bulldogs are typically confident, social, and active dogs that are at ease with their families. It is not uncommon for an American Bulldog to require a high level of attention due to their highly emotional personality. They bond strongly with their owners. They are capable of jumping in excess of 7 feet (2.1 m) vertical due to the dense muscle build of the breed. Young American Bulldogs may be slightly aloof with strangers, but as they mature the breed's normal confidence should assert itself. This breed tolerates children and can do very well with them, provided they are socialized early and understand their limits. The more exposure to good training practices, other dogs, and people, the more likely the success at being controlled both inside and outside of their environment. Early training and socialization both in the home and outside of the home is essential for this breed. One way to help accomplish this goal can be done in the simplest of ways: walking them regularly at local parks. While the goal of the breed was originally to produce a working farm utility dog that could catch and hold wild boar and cattle, kill vermin, and guard an owner's property, when properly trained, exercised and socialized, this breed can become a great family pet. History in Spain and England Even the slight modifications the bulldog underwent in Spain and England up to the Industrial Revolution (before 1835), were absent in the working strains. Most settlers of the American South came from the West Midlands of England and emigrated as a result of the Civil War between Royalists and Parliamentarians, well before the Industrial Revolution). History in the United States The original bulldog was preserved by working class immigrants who brought their working dogs with them to the American South. Small farmers and ranchers used this all-around working dog for many tasks including farm guardians, stock dogs and catch dog. These dogs were not an actual breed as considered by today's standards but were a generic bulldog type. There were no recorded pedigrees or records and breeding decisions were dependent on the best working farm dogs despite breed or background. Several separate strains of the "bulldog" type dogs were kept by ranchers as utilitarian working dogs. Perhaps the most important role of the bulldog and the reason for its survival, and in fact why it thrived throughout the South, was because of the presence of feral pigs, introduced to the New World and without predators. The bulldogs were the settlers' only means of sufficiently dealing with the vermin. By World War II, the breed was near extinction until John D. Johnson and his father scoured the back roads of the South looking for the best specimens to revive the breed. During this time a young Alan Scott grew an interest in Johnson's dogs and began to work with him on the revitalization process. At some point, Alan Scott began infusing non-Johnson catch bulldogs from working Southern farms with John D. Johnson's line, creating the now Standard American Bulldog. At another point, Johnson began crossing his line with an atavistic English bulldog from the North that had maintained its genetic athletic vigor. Recent history American bulldogs are now safe from extinction and are enjoying a healthy increase in popularity, either as a working/protector dog or as a family pet. All over the world, they are used variously as "hog dogs" (catching escaped pigs or hunting razorbacks), as cattle drovers and as working or sport K-9s. American Bulldogs also successfully compete in several dog sports such as dog obedience, Schutzhund, French Ring, Mondio Ring, Iron Dog competition and weight pulling. They are also exhibited in conformation shows in the UKC, NKC, ABA, ABRA and the SACBR (South Africa). Bay Area Bullies American BUlldog 100% top
How an Air Conditioner Functions? Is just how an air conditioner cools down downward; a windowpane air conditioner has a air conditioning which includes numerous primary elements or aspects: the compressor, condenser, evaporator, and a metering process. An air conditioner basically gets rid of the warmness from the air as an alternative to air conditioning it. The compressor might be the engine of your own strategy; it is actually identified in the center of the air conditioner. It might be black shaded and around the genuine size of a basketball; the compressor works in the event the item is around the wonderful creating, plus the thermostat is outlined for the chillier temp. The moment the compressor is running it genuinely squeezes the refrigerant fuel from the reduced into a high-tension. The top forced petroleum is cooled therefore it changes for your liquefied, and then it is delivered to the condenser. The condenser can be a group of plumbing with fins attached, kind of just like a radiator. The condenser is on the back of your respective device; it seems like silvery fins. If the refrigerant is drinking water it generates temperature, the warmth is captivated out of the refrigerant water lines by these silvery fins. When the fluid refrigerant has gone through the entire pipes, it is going by means of one more small copper hose the capillary hose, also called the metering gadget. This tubing is connected from the conclusion through the condenser to the starting of the evaporator. Now, the evaporator is about the entrance of your coolair portugal, this component also offers silver fins. As soon as the liquefied refrigerant exits the capillary tubing it really is jam-packed in the large evaporator tubes. When that water refrigerant gets into the evaporator pipes it increases back into a gas, this gasoline soaks up warmth. Then the refrigerant fuel experiences the evaporator tubes and ultimately ends up back in the compressor. The evaporator is frosty to the touch as it is eating temperature. This sudden drop in temperatures results in any moisture to become acquired about the evaporator. There exists a fan in the product that circulates the air for your personal condenser coils and the evaporator. The metering merchandise is a little garden hose between your conclusions in the condenser along with the evaporator inlet. Occasionally, on even bigger sizing air conditioners this is usually a sort of device that close up and wide open in line with the temp through the wall socket of your cooling down coil, generating good you will discover an appropriate supply of refrigerant on the coil.

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