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succusentericus which carry this process further that is small molecules of
proteins are broken down to further smaller molecules. The same is the
condition with fats. Carbohydrate digestion that started in the mouth and did
not occur in the stomach, resumes now as the medium gradually changes to
an alkaline one and the enzymes become active for carbohydrate breakdown.
Activity-4
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Studying the enzymes chart
Let us study the chart showing different enzymes and digestive juices
and their functions.
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Table-1: Digestive enzymes
S.No. Enzyme/Substance Secreted by Secreted into Digestive juice Acts on Products
1 Ptyalin Salivary glands Buccal cavity Saliva Carbohydrates Maltose
(salivary amylase)
2 Pepsin Gastric glands Stomach Gastric juice Proteins Peptones
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3 Bile Liver Duodenum Bile juice Fats Emulsification
(No enzymes) breaking down
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of large fats
into small
globules
4 Amylase Pancreas Duodenum Pancreatic juice Carbohydrates Maltose
5 Trypsin
Trypsin Pancreas Duodenum Pancreatic juice Proteins Peptones
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6 Lipase Pancreas Duodenum Pancreatic juice Fats Fatty acids
and glycerol
7 Peptidases Intestinal glands Small Intestine Intestinal juice Peptides Amino acids
8 Sucrase Intestinal glands Small Intestine Intestinal juice Sucrose Glucose
(Cane Sugar)
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Name the enzymes which act on carbohydrates?
Free distribution by T.S. Government 2019-20 15
Which juice contains no enzymes?
What are the end products of fats?
What are the enzymes that act on proteins?
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A
Transport of the products of digestion from the intestine into blood
(through the wall of intestine) is called absorption. Internally, intestinal
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AN
wall has a number of finger like projections called Microvilli. The villi
increase the surface area for absorption. Blood vessels and lymph vessels
are present in the form of a network in the villi.
Products of digestion are absorbed first into the villi and from here
into the blood vessels and lymph vessels. Thus after maximum absorption
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of food in the small intestine the rest passes into the large intestine. Here
most of the water present is taken up from this material. This material is
then expelled through the anus which is the last part of the alimentary
canal. This passage of undigested material from the body by the way of
anus is called defecation. Food that passes out of the anus still contains
considerable amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, roughages or
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fibres of either carbohydrates or proteins. We will learn some more points
about the coordination about digestive system with other systems in the
chapter coordination in life processes.
Flow chart of human digestive system
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What do you think is the process of digestion?
What are its major steps?
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Food Mouth Buccal cavity Pharynx
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Stomach Oesophagus
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