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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/97105/modular-representations-with-unequal-characteristic-reference-request
## Modular representations with unequal characteristic - reference request ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $G$ be a finite group, and let $K$ be a finite field whose characteristic does not divide $|G|$. I am interested in the theory of fin...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/39302/simple-derivation-of-the-tension-of-a-cord-on-a-suspended-mass
# Simple derivation of the tension of a cord on a suspended mass Just wanted to disclaim this problem -- it is homework. However, I am not asking for the solution, I am wondering if anyone can tell me what I may be doing wrong in solving this specific tension problem. The problem is described by this picture: Now, a...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/differential-geometry/151956-show-continuous-maps-preserve-connectedness.html
# Thread: 1. ## show that continuous maps preserve connectedness Hi guys. Suppose we have two metric spaces $X$ and $Y$, and we have a function $f:X\to Y$ which is continuous on $X$. If $S$ is a connected subset of $X$, then it's easy enough to show that $f(S)=\{f(x):x\in S\}$ is connected. However, suppose there i...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/100970?sort=votes
## before taking on a graduate student [closed] ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) This post asks for resources to handle the following situation: "I, suddenly, have students" and many wonderful answers have been provided. My question here is sort...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_numbers
# Large numbers This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2011) This article . You can help. The discussion page may contain suggestions. (March 2011) This article is ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/109048?sort=votes
## non-artificial examples of non-smooth and non-admissible representations of GL_2 ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $F$ be a finite degree extension over $\mathbf{Q}_p$ and consider the locally profinite group $G:=GL_2(\mathbf{Q}_p)$. P1: ...
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http://openwetware.org/index.php?title=User:David_J_Weiss/Notebook/people/weiss/Formal&diff=prev&oldid=373815
# User:David J Weiss/Notebook/people/weiss/Formal ### From OpenWetWare (Difference between revisions) | | ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/44548/applications-of-systems-of-linear-equations
Applications of systems of linear equations Sorry if this questions is overly simplistic. It's just something I haven't been able to figure out. I've been reading through quite a few linear algebra books and have gone through the various methods of solving linear systems of equations, in particular, $n$ systems in $n...
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http://calculus7.org/2012/03/16/embeddings-vs-embeddings/
being boring ## Embeddings vs embeddings Posted on 2012-03-16 by In mathematics, an embedding (or imbedding) is one instance of some mathematical structure contained within another instance, such as a group that is a subgroup. When some object $X$ is said to be embedded in another object $Y$, the embedding is given ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/124050/how-to-approximate-an-integral-using-the-composite-trapezoid-rule?answertab=oldest
# How to approximate an integral using the Composite Trapezoid Rule I'm trying to estimate the value of the following integral on the interval $[0,1]$ $$I = \int_0^1 \frac{1}{1+x} dx$$ So, using the composite trapezoid rule (and with $n=4$, ie I'm only using the first 4 $x_i$ to do the approximation), I get the foll...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/54343/is-there-a-preferable-convention-for-defining-the-wedge-product/54355
## Is there a preferable convention for defining the wedge product? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) There are different conventions for defininig the wedge product $\wedge$. In Kobayashi-Nomizu, there is $\alpha\wedge\beta:=Alt(\alpha\otimes\b...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/96142?sort=oldest
## Monotonicity of a combination of Bessel functions ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Prove that the following function is decreasing (as a function of a) for a > 0 when 0 < r < 1: $${K_2(ar)I_2(a)-I_2(ar)K_2(a)\over I_2(a)}I_2(ar).$$ The probl...
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http://mattleifer.info/2011/08/01/the-choi-jamiolkowski-isomorphism-youre-doing-it-wrong/comment-page-1/
Mathematics — Physics — Quantum Theory # The Choi-Jamiolkowski Isomorphism: You’re Doing It Wrong! Posted on 1 August, 2011 As the dear departed Quantum Pontiff used to say: New Paper Dance! I am pretty happy that this one has finally been posted because it is my first arXiv paper since I returned to work, and also ...
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http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_decay
# Radioactive decay This article . You can help Wikipedia by finding sources, and adding them. (August 2009) The English used in this article may not be easy for everybody to understand. (August 2010) The trefoil symbol is used to indicate radioactive material. Radioactive decay is the process where the nucleus of ...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2011/07/04/the-hopf-fibration/
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## The Hopf Fibration As a nontrivial example of a foliation, I present the “Hopf fibration”. The name I won’t really explain quite yet, but we’ll see it’s a one-dimensional foliation of the three-dimensional sphere. So, first let’s get our hands on the three-sphere $S^3$. This is by...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4179396
Physics Forums Thread Closed Page 2 of 2 < 1 2 ## limit : alternate defination Quote by ato i really dont know you mean by "computer style code" . You are writing in a format similar to the pseudo-code used by programmers. If you want epsilon-delta in symbolic logic, it'll look more like the fo...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/41209/why-has-the-trace-of-the-energy-momentum-tensor-to-vanish-for-conserved-scaling?answertab=oldest
Why has the trace of the energy-momentum tensor to vanish for conserved scaling currents to exist? In this paper, the authors say that the trace of the energy-momentum tensor has to vanish to allow for the existence of conserved dilatation or scaling currents, as defined on p 10, Eq(22) $$\Theta^{\mu} = x_{\nu} \Thet...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/54656/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 1294 characters in body; added 54 characters in body Here are some extra remarks about the argument. First, this combinatorial principle. Another illustration of the same principle is the fact that a graph is $k$-colorable if and only if every finite subgraph is $k$-colorable. If the graph...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/differential-geometry/143044-subsets-unit-sphere-c-2-a.html
# Thread: 1. ## subsets of unit sphere in C^2 View $S^3$ as the unit sphere in $\mathbb{C}^2$. Now, 1. What are the path connected components of the subset of $S^3$ described by the equation $x^3 + y^6 = 0$, where the x and y refer to the coordinates (in $\mathbb{C}$)? 2. Is it true that the similar subset $x^2 + y...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2008/07/01/column-rank/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=420e8d64d7
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Column Rank Let’s go back and consider a linear map $T:V\rightarrow W$. Remember that we defined its rank to be the dimension of its image. Let’s consider this a little more closely. Any vector in the image of $T$ can be written as $T(v)$ for some vector $v\in V$. If we pick a bas...
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http://lucatrevisan.wordpress.com/tag/spectral-partitioning/
in theory "Marge, I agree with you - in theory. In theory, communism works. In theory." -- Homer Simpson # Tag Archive You are currently browsing the tag archive for the ‘Spectral partitioning’ tag. ## CS359G Lecture 4: Spectral Partitioning January 26, 2011 in CS359G | Tags: Cheeger inequality, Spectral partition...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/pre-calculus/88937-finding-out-if-limits-exist-graph.html
# Thread: 1. ## Finding out if limits exist from a graph I seem to be having some trouble grasping this concept. I want to know how I can tell if a limit exists by looking at a graph (cartesian plane) given specific points. For instance I have the problem: Given the points (0, -3) [its an open dot at this point] an...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/algebra/149260-challenging-grade-6-question-grade-9-a.html
Thread: 1. Challenging grade 6 question or grade 9 ? Abel, Bob, Conan, Dave and Elijah divided a certain number of marbles amongst themselves in the following way: Abel took 1 marble and 20% of the remaining marbles, then Bob took 1 marble and 20% of the remaining marbles. Conan, Dave and Elijah did the same. At leas...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/13422/numerical-computation-of-the-rayleigh-lamb-curves
# Numerical computation of the Rayleigh-Lamb curves The Rayleigh-Lamb equations: $$\frac{\tan (pd)}{\tan (qd)}=-\left[\frac{4k^2pq}{\left(k^2-q^2\right)^2}\right]^{\pm 1}$$ (two equations, one with the +1 exponent and the other with the -1 exponent) where $$p^2=\frac{\omega ^2}{c_L^2}-k^2$$ and $$q^2=\frac{\omega ^...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/102062/list
## Return to Question 3 edited tags 2 corrected to remove an inaccurate link. Given $f:X\to Y$ a morphism of schemes (or stacks if it's not harder), I am interested in a geometric reformulation of the condition that the functor $f^*:D^b(Coh(Y))\to D^b(Coh(X))$ is full. I can only find full and faithful appearing toge...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/97021/how-does-one-prove-int-0-infty-prod-k-1-infty-operatorname-rm-sinc-lef/97043
How does one prove $\int_0^\infty \prod_{k=1}^\infty \operatorname{\rm sinc}\left( \frac{t}{2^{k+1}} \right) \mathrm{d} t = 2 \pi$ Looking into the distribution of a Fabius random variable: $$X := \sum_{k=1}^\infty 2^{-k} u_k$$ where $u_k$ are i.i.d. uniform variables on a unit interval, I encountered the following ex...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/44250/faddeev-popov-ghost-propagator-in-canonical-quantization/44454
# Faddeev-Popov ghost propagator in canonical quantization Obtaining the propagator for the Faddeev-Popov (FP) ghosts from the path integral language is straightforward. It is simply $$\langle T(c(x) \bar c(y))\rangle~=~\int\frac{d^4 p}{(2\pi)^4}\frac{i e^{-ip.(x-y)}}{p^2-\xi m^2+i\epsilon}.$$ But I am unable to pro...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/118988?sort=newest
## Automorphisms of $SL_n$ as a variety ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) What are the automorphisms of $SL_n$ as an algebraic variety? In other words, let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 (e.g., $k=\mathbb{C}$). Let $\ta...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/8374/family-of-function-with-fractional-derivatives
Family of function with fractional derivatives I would like a family of functions $f_a(x)$ so that $f_a$ is $a\in\mathbb{R}$ fractionally differentiable but not $a+\epsilon$ fractionally differentiable. Does anyone know such functions which are easily described? Thanks in advance. - 1 Answer x^a is fractionally d...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-statistics/153924-least-squares-fitting.html
# Thread: 1. ## Least Squares Fitting Hello, It is often said that the square of the correlation coefficient, $r^2$, is the fraction of the variation in y that is explained by its relationship with x. I seek assistance with determining how this translates to the following: 1- $r^2$ = (deviations from trendline)/(st...
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http://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/14664/complexity-results-for-lower-elementary-recursive-functions
Complexity results for Lower-Elementary Recursive Functions? Intrigued by Chris Pressey's interesting question on elementary-recursive functions, I was exploring more and unable to find an answer to this question on the web. The elementary recursive functions correspond nicely to the exponential hierarchy, $\text{DTI...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=400183
Physics Forums ## Spacetime Diagrams - Help With Drawing 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data I need to draw carefully labelled spacetime diagrams (one per section) to illustrate the following: a) The length of a 'rod' which is exactly $1.0$ light seconds long when at rest along the x′-axis ...
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http://www.linuxforu.com/2011/05/what-is-scientific-programming/
# What is Scientific Programming? By Adit Gupta on May 1, 2011 in How-Tos, Open Gurus, Tools / Apps · 5 Comments This article will take you into the world of scientific programming — from simple numerical computations to some complex mathematical models and simulations. We will explore various computational tools but...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/turbulence
Definitions Nearby Words turbulence [tur-byuh-luhns] /ˈtɜrbyələns/ turbulence, state of violent or agitated behavior in a fluid. Turbulent behavior is characteristic of systems of large numbers of particles, and its unpredictability and randomness has long thwarted attempts to fully understand it, even with such powe...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/544/what-is-a-markov-chain/545
# What is a Markov Chain? What is a intuitive explanation of a Markov Chain, and how they work? Please provide at least one practical example. - Also, feel free to retag this question :) – falcon Jul 23 '10 at 8:16 probability is not the best tag for Markow chains, but it could be useful. – mau Jul 23 '10 at 8:30 #...
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http://citizendia.org/Exponential_function
The exponential function is a function in mathematics. The Mathematical concept of a function expresses dependence between two quantities one of which is given (the independent variable, argument of the function Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structu...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/118088/projection-of-a-point-to-a-convex-hull-in-d-dimensions/118097
## Projection of a point to a convex hull in d dimensions ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi, I've got n points in d dimensions (typically n is around 30k-60k and d is 5 or 6). I'm using qhull to calculate the Delaunay triangulation and the co...
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http://cms.math.ca/10.4153/CMB-1998-060-2
Canadian Mathematical Society www.cms.math.ca | | Site map | CMS store location:  Publications → journals → CMB Abstract view # The right regular representation of a compact right topological group Read article [PDF: 83KB] http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/CMB-1998-060-2 Canad. Math. Bull. 41(1998...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?p=4156966
Physics Forums ## If a is even, prove a^(-1) is even... 1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data If a is even, prove a-1 is even. 2. Relevant equations We know that every permutation in $S_n, n>1$ can be written as a product of 2-cycles. Also note that the identity can be expressed as (12)(12) ...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/33601/how-do-i-find-work-done-by-friction-over-a-curve-represented-by-a-polynomial?answertab=votes
# How do I find work done by friction over a curve represented by a polynomial? I am facing a problem in Physics. Problem: What will be the work done by the frictional force over a polynomial curve if a body is sliding on this polynomial($a+bx+cx^2+dx^3+\ldots$) curve from rest from the height $h_1$ to height $h_2$ (...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/28834/event-horizons-without-singularities?answertab=votes
# Event horizons without singularities Someone answered this question by saying that black hole entropy conditions and no-hair theorems are asymptotic in nature -- the equations give an ideal solution which is approached quickly but never actually reached from the point of view of an observer outside the event horizon...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/6209/paradoxical-interaction-between-a-massive-charged-sphere-and-a-point-charge
# Paradoxical interaction between a massive charged sphere and a point charge Suppose we have a sphere of radius $r$ and mass m and a negatively charged test particle at distance d from its center, $d\gg r$. If the sphere is electrically neutral, the particle will fall toward the sphere because of gravity. As we depos...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/56148/wittens-qft-and-jones-poly-paper/56149
## Witten’s QFT and Jones Poly paper ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Data: $M$ is an oriented 3-dim manifold, $E$ is a $G$-bundle over $M$, with $G$ compact simple Lie group. Question: How does $\pi_3(G)\cong \mathbb{Z}$ imply that there exist...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/24582/renormalization-group-in-d-3
# renormalization group in d=3 Do we really understand why the renormalization group in $d=2+\varepsilon$ and $d=4-\varepsilon$ taking $\varepsilon=1$ gives "good" values for critical exponents in $d=3$? Are they exceptions? Is it also the case in high energy physics (particle, string, quantum gravity)? - 1 I would ...
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http://motls.blogspot.com/2012/11/babar-directly-measures-time-reversal.html?m=1
# The Reference Frame Our stringy Universe from a conservative viewpoint ## Monday, November 19, 2012 ### BaBar directly measures time reversal violation Microscopic processes involving particles proceed differently if forced to go backwards One of them is Babar the Elephant. Don't ask me which one – I would guess...
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http://physicspages.com/2013/02/15/lie-derivative-higher-rank-tensors/
Notes on topics in science ## Lie derivative: higher-rank tensors Required math: algebra, calculus Required physics: none Reference: d’Inverno, Ray, Introducing Einstein’s Relativity (1992), Oxford Uni Press. – Section 6.2; Problem 6.1. We looked at a conceptual derivation of the Lie derivative earlier, but now we...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/118717/estimating-the-difference-between-linear-operators
# Estimating the Difference Between Linear Operators If $A, \phi \in \mathsf{GL}(V)$ where $V$ is a normed vector space and we are using the operator norm on $\mathsf{GL}(V)$, I'm trying to show that $$\frac{ \|\phi^{-1}\|^{2} \| A - \phi \| }{1 - \| \phi^{-1}(A - \phi) \|} < \| \phi^{-1} \|^2 \|A - \phi\|$$ wheneve...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/63944/how-do-you-prove-the-following-inequality-concerning-complex-logarithms
# How do you prove the following inequality concerning complex Logarithms? If $0<|w|<1/2$, then $2|w|/3<|\operatorname{Log}(1+w)|$ using power series and modulus inequalities. - It doesn't appear true for $w=0$ – Ross Millikan Sep 12 '11 at 17:48 What's the power series for $\operatorname{Log}(1+w)$? (That's a hint,...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/121771/second-homotopy-of-a-torus-complement-in-the-4-sphere
## Second homotopy of a torus complement in the 4-sphere ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $T$ be the boundary of a solid torus in $S^4$. Are there any theorems or methods which would help one to compute $\pi_2(S^4 -T)$? Or to say if, e.g., i...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/86344?sort=votes
## Interpolation of derivatives ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) If $U$ is an open interval of $\mathbb{R}$ and $f : U \to \mathbb{R}$ is an $L^2(U)$ function with second derivative $f'' \in L^2(U)$ (in the weak sense), is $f \in W^{1,1}(U)$? E...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/type-theory+lambda-calculus
# Tagged Questions 1answer 468 views ### If $f(x)=g(x)$ for all $x:A$, why is it not true that $\lambda x{.}f(x)=\lambda x{.}g(x)$? There's something about lambda calculus that keeps me puzzled. Suppose we have $x:A\vdash f(x):P(x)$ and $x:A\vdash g(x):P(x)$ for some dependent type $P$ over a type $A$. Then it is no...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/183601/on-the-definition-of-the-hausdorff-distance
# On the definition of the Hausdorff distance $\newcommand{\dist}{\mathrm{dist}\,}$ Let $M$ be a metric space and $\emptyset\neq A,B\subset M$ bounded closed subsets. The Hausdorff distance is defined as $$h(A,B)=\max\{\dist(A,B),\dist(B,A)\},$$ where $$\dist(A,B)=\sup_{x\in A}\inf_{y\in B}d(x,y).$$ Why do we define ...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/number-theory/69428-solved-prove-composite.html
# Thread: 1. ## [SOLVED] Prove Composite Problem: Show that $8^{n}+1$ is composite for all $n\geq1$. What I have so far: In general, $a^{n}+1 = (a+1)(a^{(n-1)} - a^{(n-2)} + a^{(n-3)} - \cdots + 1)$ but this only holds for $n$ odd. Is there a way to factor when $n$ is even? Or would I have to find a solution speci...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/26611/local-min-and-differentiability-of-a-function
# Local min and differentiability of a function Suppose there is a function $f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, where $X \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$. 1. If $x^*$ is a local minimizer of $f$ over $X$, must $x^*$ be either of the two cases: • if $f$ is differentiable at $x^*$, then $x^*$ must be a stationary point i.e. $\nabla...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/40170-differential-equation-taylor-polynomial-euler-s-method.html
# Thread: 1. ## Differential Equation + Taylor Polynomial + Euler's Method Consider the differential equation $\frac{dy}{dx} = 5x^2 - \frac{6}{y-2}$ for $y \neq 2$. Let $y=f(x)$ be the particular solution to this differential equation with the initial condition $f(-1) = -4$. a. Evaluate $\frac{dy}{dx}$ and $\frac{d^...
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http://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/5066/hill-cipher-known-plaintext-attack/5093
# Hill Cipher known plaintext attack I know a plaintext - ciphertext couple of length 6 for a hill cipher where its key is a [3x3] matrix. Based on what I've read and learned, to attack and crack keys of [n x n], if we know a plaintext - ciphertext duo of length $n^2$ then we have our set of n equations with n variab...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=226792
Physics Forums ## About polar vectors and pseudo vectors "Polar vector or real vector is a vector which possesses direction inherently (eg. displacement), the direction of polar vector remains unchanged irrespective of the coordinate system chosen. If the components of a polar vector are reversed, the vector obtained...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/77784/list
## Return to Answer 5 added 439 characters in body; deleted 10 characters in body; deleted 26 characters in body As you noticed, it is sufficient to consider the case $$F=\bigcup_{i=1}^n F_i$$ where $F_1$, $F_2,\dots, F_n$ are disjoint convex figures with nonempty interior. Let $s$ be mean shadow of $F$. Denote by $K...
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http://medlibrary.org/medwiki/Grain_growth
# Grain growth Welcome to MedLibrary.org. For best results, we recommend beginning with the navigation links at the top of the page, which can guide you through our collection of over 14,000 medication labels and package inserts. For additional information on other topics which are not covered by our database of medic...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/30529?sort=oldest
## Digraph intermediate connectivity ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) What's the name for a digraph such that for each pair of vertices $u,v$, there is either a path from $u$ to $v$ or a path from $v$ to $u$? I'd call it just connected, since th...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2009/02/17/determining-generalized-eigenvectors/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=fe7f791e1e
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Determining Generalized Eigenvectors Our definition of a generalized eigenvector looks a lot like the one for an eigenvector. But finding them may not be as straightforward as our method for finding eigenvectors. In particular, we’re asking that the vector be in the kernel of not o...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_energy_state
# Energy level (Redirected from Molecular energy state) A quantum mechanical system or particle that is bound—that is, confined spatially—can only take on certain discrete values of energy. This contrasts with classical particles, which can have any energy. These discrete values are called energy levels. The term is ...
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http://nrich.maths.org/48/note
### Fencing Arrange your fences to make the largest rectangular space you can. Try with four fences, then five, then six etc. ### Two by One An activity making various patterns with 2 x 1 rectangular tiles. ### Hallway Borders A hallway floor is tiled and each tile is one foot square. Given that the number of tile...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/11190/list
## Return to Answer 2 added 237 characters in body The drawing of lines as you have explained, gives a group law only in the case of genus $1$ curves. This does not work for any other genus. The reason is that the Riemann-Roch theorem gives the third point, under the composition, and it works out only in the case of...
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http://quant.stackexchange.com/questions/7197/kelly-criterion-and-sharpe-ratio
# Kelly criterion and Sharpe ratio Whats the relationship between the Kelly criterion and the Sharpe ratio? $$f=\frac{p(b+1)-1}{b}$$ where $f$ is a percentage of how much capital to place on a bet, $p$ is the probability of success, and $b$ is the payout odds (eg. 3 dollars for ever 1 dollar bet). Is $b$ (the payou...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/115566/what-does-s-1-2-3-mean
# What does $S = \{1,2,3 \}^*$ mean? Apparently, if one adds an asterisk to the right side of a set definition, it means the set to the left can be built out of elements in the set to the right. How is this so? What does the asterisk officially mean? - ## 3 Answers This notation is most common in discrete mathemat...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/4805/effects-of-space-mining-on-earths-orbit?answertab=votes
Effects of space mining on Earth's orbit I was reading a post about space mining, specially lunar mining. I was thinking about what would change in Earth's orbit if we start bringing tons of rocks to it? I mean, in a huge scale. So, would space mining change Earth's orbit in a way to produce any dangerous effects? If ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/78696?sort=oldest
## Is there an intuitive reason for Zariski’s main theorem? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Zariski's main theorem has many guises, and so I will give you the freedom to pick the one that you find to be most intuitive. For the sake of completen...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/105017/integrating-int-limits-01-1xexeexdx-wolfram-alpha-doesnt-pro/105020
# Integrating: $\int \limits_{0}^{1} (1+xe^x)e^{e^x}dx$ (wolfram alpha doesn't provide the steps for this one) How do I integrate this thing? $\int \limits_{0}^{1} (1+xe^x)e^{e^x}dx$ I've tried all the different integration methods and "by parts" combinations for $u$ and $dv$... - ## 3 Answers Notice first that $...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/98130?sort=oldest
## Determining the maximum number of distance relationships that can be defined between points in Euclidean space ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let there be $m$ points in the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^n$. Randomly choose $k$ distinct pairs o...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendall_tau_rank_correlation_coefficient
Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient In statistics, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient, commonly referred to as Kendall's tau (τ) coefficient, is a statistic used to measure the association between two measured quantities. A tau test is a non-parametric hypothesis test for statistical dependence based on the...
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http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/32386/superspace-uncertainty-principle?answertab=active
# Superspace Uncertainty Principle Do the "operator for translations in superspace" and the "position in superspace operator" follow an uncertainty principle? How "real" is superspace? Aside from being weird (and possibly just a "mathematical trick") is superspace really just an extension of space on the same footing ...
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http://nrich.maths.org/1404
### Be Reasonable Prove that sqrt2, sqrt3 and sqrt5 cannot be terms of ANY arithmetic progression. ### The Root Cause Prove that if a is a natural number and the square root of a is rational, then it is a square number (an integer n^2 for some integer n.) ### Good Approximations Solve quadratic equations and use c...
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http://physics.aps.org/articles/v2/88
# Trend: Nearly perfect fluidity , Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA Published October 26, 2009  |  Physics 2, 88 (2009)  |  DOI: 10.1103/Physics.2.88 Is there a fundamental lower bound on viscosity? To answer this question, we can look at the coldest and hottest fluids th...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/calculus/210636-express-real-imaginary-parts.html
# Thread: 1. ## Express in real and imaginary parts I am having trouble with this question i just dont know where to start, im not looking for a straight up answer just hints to help me on my way to solving it myself. thanks in advance. Express the following complex number in real and imaginary parts; z = 1 / cos^...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=65552&page=14
Physics Forums Thread Closed Page 14 of 15 « First < 4 11 12 13 14 15 > ## [SOLVED] Renormalization Arnold Neumaier wrote: > Matthew Nobes wrote: > > On 2005-04-26, Arnold Neumaier <Arnold.Neumaier@univie.ac.at> wrote: [lattice QCD] > >>But you can't go to the limit, > > > > Yes you can, in perturbatio...
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http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=euclid.aoms/1177692643
### Discrete Dynamic Programming with Unbounded Rewards J. Michael Harrison Source: Ann. Math. Statist. Volume 43, Number 2 (1972), 636-644. #### Abstract Countable state and action Markov decision processes are investigated, the objective being to maximize expected discounted reward. Well-known results of Maitra an...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2011/12/06/drmathochist/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=ae4d6bb289
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Compactly Supported De Rham Cohomology Since we’ve seen that all contractible spaces have trivial de Rham cohomology, we can’t use that tool to tell them apart. Instead, we introduce de Rham cohomology with compact support. This is just like the regular version, except we only use ...
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http://nrich.maths.org/5459/index
### Frieze Patterns in Cast Iron A gallery of beautiful photos of cast ironwork friezes in Australia with a mathematical discussion of the classification of frieze patterns. ### The Frieze Tree Patterns that repeat in a line are strangely interesting. How many types are there and how do you tell one type from anothe...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/118619?sort=newest
## Robin-Laplacian in unbounded domains ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^n$ be an open domain and $\tau>0$. Consider the following boundary value problem $-\Delta v=f$ in $\Omega$, $\partial_\nu v+\tau v=g$ on $\par...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/65340?sort=newest
Paracompact Hausdorff but not compactly generated? Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) I'm sorry to be asking a (possibly) elementary question, but I've run into a problem in point-set topology; I've just read that there exists paracompact Hausdoff spa...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/discrete-math/16209-logic-proof.html
# Thread: 1. ## logic and proof What is wrong with this argument? Let S(x,y) b " x is shorter than y". Given the premise $\left( {\exists x} \right)$ S(s,Max), it follows that S(Max,Max). Then by existential generalization it follows that $\left( {\exists x} \right)$S(x,x), so that someone is shorter than himself. 2...
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http://avatarsearch.com/Emission_(electromagnetic_radiation)
Emission (electromagnetic Radiation) Research Materials This page contains a list of user images about Emission (electromagnetic Radiation) which are relevant to the point and besides images, you can also use the tabs in the bottom to browse Emission (electromagnetic Radiation) news, videos, wiki information, tweets, ...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/cyclotron
Definitions Nearby Words # cyclotron [sahy-kluh-tron, sik-luh-] /ˈsaɪkləˌtrɒn, ˈsɪklə-/ cyclotron: see particle accelerator. Particle accelerator that accelerates charged atomic or subatomic particles in a constant magnetic field. It consists of two hollow semicircular electrodes, called dees, in a large evacuated c...
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http://users.telenet.be/vdmoortel/dirk/Physics/Acceleration.html
Home Is Where The Wind Blows SR treatment of arbitrarily accelerated motion I posted this a while ago on Usenet in group sci.physics.relativity. See the thread: a3M1b.82977\$F92.8834@afrodite.telenet-ops.be ( V1.7 - Most recent additions and modifications: 6-May-2013 ) This is the MathJax version. Click here for th...
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http://nrich.maths.org/1785/solution
### 14 Divisors What is the smallest number with exactly 14 divisors? ### Summing Consecutive Numbers Many numbers can be expressed as the sum of two or more consecutive integers. For example, 15=7+8 and 10=1+2+3+4. Can you say which numbers can be expressed in this way? ### Rule of Three If it takes four men one ...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/73163?sort=oldest
## Lifting infinitesimal deformations for coverings ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Let $f:X \rightarrow Y$ be an (unramified) holomorpic covering map between two (maybe non compact) complex manifolds. Q: Does every infinitesimal deformation o...
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http://unapologetic.wordpress.com/2008/09/24/inverses-of-power-series/?like=1&source=post_flair&_wpnonce=966197e62c
# The Unapologetic Mathematician ## Inverses of Power Series Now that we know how to compose power series, we can invert them. But against expectations I’m talking about multiplicative inverses instead of compositional ones. More specifically, say we have a power series expansion $\displaystyle p(x)=\sum\limits_{n=...
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http://www.reference.com/browse/Koszul_complex
Definitions # Koszul complex In mathematics, the Koszul complex was first introduced to define a cohomology theory for Lie algebras, by Jean-Louis Koszul (see Lie algebra cohomology). It turned out to be a useful general construction in homological algebra. ## Introduction In commutative algebra, if x is an element...
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http://mathhelpforum.com/discrete-math/106593-how-do-you-determine-total-amount-positive-factors-number.html
# Thread: 1. ## How do you determine the total amount of positive factors of a number Part of a homework assignment I'm stuck on from my discrete math class. I suspect this may belong in another forum, but I wasn't sure which one. Part a.) Find the prime factorization of 7056. okay.. no problem $7056 = 2 * 3528 = 2^...
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http://nrich.maths.org/1956/clue
### Surds Find the exact values of x, y and a satisfying the following system of equations: 1/(a+1) = a - 1 x + y = 2a x = ay ### The Root of the Problem Find the sum of the series. ### Fit for Photocopying Photocopiers can reduce from A3 to A4 without distorting the image. Explore the relationships between differ...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/129207/division-of-a-matrix-polynomial
# Division of a matrix polynomial I'm trying to show: Let $C(t)=C_rt^r+C_{r-1}t^{r-1}+\cdots+C_1t^1+C_0\in \mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{F}[t])$ a polynomial with coefficients $C_{i}$ in $\mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{F})$. Show that, exists a matrix polynomial $Q(t)$ such that: $$C(t)=Q(t)(tI_n-A)+C(A)$$ That means, the remainder o...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/88539/sums-of-rational-squares/89948
## sums of rational squares ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) It is a well-known fact that if an integer is a sum of two rational squares then it is a sum of two integer squares. For example, Cohen vol. 1 page 314 prop. 5.4.9. Cohen gives a short...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/23478/examples-of-common-false-beliefs-in-mathematics/42835
## Examples of common false beliefs in mathematics. [closed] ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) The first thing to say is that this is not the same as the question about interesting mathematical mistakes. I am interested about the type of false be...
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http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=190332
Physics Forums ## tension in string A rock of mass 200g is attached to a 0.75m long string and swung in a vertical plane. A) what is the speed that the rock must travel so that its weight at the top of the swing is 0? B) what is the tension in teh string at the bottom of the swing? C) if the rock is now moved to a ho...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/148032/what-is-the-larger-of-the-two-numbers/148035
# What is the larger of the two numbers? What is the larger of the two numbers? $$\sqrt{2}^{\sqrt{3}} \mbox{ or } \sqrt{3}^{\sqrt{2}}\, \, \; ?$$ I solved this, and I think that is an interesting elementary problem. I want different points of view and solutions. Thanks! - 1 This again $e^\pi$ or $\pi^e$ – checkmath...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/106931?sort=votes
## Existence of solution of a Non-linear PDE via Fixed point theorem ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Hi all I've the following non-linear PDE $-\Delta Y + Y^3 =U$ on $\Omega \subset R^n$, open, bounded, Lipschitz boundary domain $Y=0 ,$ on $\...
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http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/products+calculus
# Tagged Questions 3answers 370 views ### Prove this product How to prove this product? $$\prod\limits_{k=2}^ n {\frac{k^2+k+1}{k^2-k+1}}=\frac{n^2+n+1}{3}$$ 2answers 174 views ### How to find finite trigonometric products I wonder how to prove ? $$\prod_{k=1}^{n}\left(1+2\cos\frac{2\pi 3^k}{3^n+1} \right)=1$$ giv...
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http://mathoverflow.net/revisions/59642/list
## Return to Answer 2 Added 'convex' for clarification. If $s$ is a non-zero section whose image lies in $\mathcal U_{n,d}$, then it has constant sign on $V^\ast:=\mathbb R^{n+1}\setminus{0}$ and after possibly multiplying by $-1$ we may assume that $s$ is strictly positive on $V^\ast$. The strictly positive $s$ form...
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http://mathoverflow.net/questions/102580?sort=newest
## How do you compute the dual norm of an induced norm on a subspace of a finite-dimensional Lp-normed vector space? ### Remember to vote up questions/answers you find interesting or helpful (requires 15 reputation points) Say you have a finite-dimensional vector space $V$ with an $L^p$ norm on it. In general, the no...
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