text stringlengths 12 4.76M | timestamp stringlengths 26 26 | url stringlengths 32 32 |
|---|---|---|
1703 in Ireland
Events from the year 1703 in Ireland.
Events
June 11 – Charles Hickman is consecrated as Church of Ireland Bishop of Derry.
September 11 – a privateering expedition comprising the ships St George and Cinque Ports commanded by William Dampier leaves Kinsale for South America.
Parliament of Ireland assembles, the first under Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and the first for five years.
Popery Act (An Act to prevent the further Growth of Popery), enacted by the Parliament of Ireland, reintroduces gavelkind: when a Roman Catholic dies, his estate is to be divided equally among his sons (legitimate or otherwise) if they retain their Catholic faith.
Treason Act (Ireland) 1703, enacted by the Parliament of Ireland, enforces the Protestant line of succession to the British throne.
Sir Robert Doyne is appointed as Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas.
The Parliament of Ireland investigates the possibility of improving navigation on the rivers Shannon and Barrow and constructing a Newry Canal.
Births
February 5 – Gilbert Tennent, Presbyterian pastor in Colonial America (d. 1764)
March 1 – Philip Tisdall, lawyer and politician (d. 1777)
Arthur Gore, 1st Earl of Arran, politician (d. 1773)
John Ussher, politician (d. 1749)
Approximate date
John Blakeney, politician (d. 1747)
Samuel Boyse, poet (d. 1749)
Henry Brooke, novelist and dramatist (d. 1783)
George Faulkner, publisher and bookseller (d. 1775)
Deaths
References
Category:Years of the 18th century in Ireland
Ireland
Category:1700s in Ireland | 2023-08-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9736 |
UNPUBLISHED ORDER
Not to be cited per Circuit Rule 53
United States Court of Appeals
For the Seventh Circuit
Chicago, Illinois 60604
Submitted June 9, 2005*
Decided June 30, 2005
Before
Hon. RICHARD A. POSNER, Circuit Judge
Hon. JOHN L. COFFEY, Circuit Judge
Hon. ANN CLAIRE WILLIAMS, Circuit Judge
No. 04-3497
OLANDO K. CHAFF, Appeal from the United States
Petitioner-Appellant, District Court for the Central
District of Illinois
v.
No. 04-1278
RICK V. VEACH,
Respondent-Appellee. Joe Billy McDade,
Judge.
ORDER
In 1992 Orlando Chaff and two other men invaded a home in the Southern
District of Florida, kidnapped the homeowners and their child at gunpoint, and
robbed the house of cash and jewelry. A plan to hold the family for ransom was
thwarted, and the three were arrested. Chaff later pleaded guilty to conspiracy to
commit kidnapping, 18 U.S.C. § 1201(c); attempted obstruction of commerce by
robbery, id. § 1951(a); use of a firearm during and in relation to a crime of violence,
id. § 924(c); and possession of a firearm by a felon, id. § 922(g)(1). He was
sentenced to a total of 240 months’ imprisonment derived principally from a 180-
month term on the § 922(g)(1) count and a consecutive 60-month term on the
*
After examining the briefs and record, we have concluded that oral argument
is unnecessary. Accordingly, this appeal is submitted on the briefs and record.
See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
No. 04-3497 Page 2
§ 924(c) count. Chaff also received 150-month terms on the kidnapping and robbery
charge to run concurrently with each other and with the longer term imposed on
the § 922(g)(1) count. Chaff appealed, and in March 1997 the Eleventh Circuit
affirmed in all respects. United States v. Chaff, 108 F.3d 342 (11th Cir. 1997).
Chaff then filed a motion to vacate under 28 U.S.C. § 2255, which the Florida
district court denied. In June 1999 the Eleventh Circuit denied Chaff’s application
for a certificate of appealability.
Five years later, in August 2004, Chaff petitioned for habeas corpus under 28
U.S.C. § 2241 in the Central District of Illinois where he is serving his federal
sentences. Chaff claimed that his conviction under § 1951 (commonly known as the
Hobbs Act) must be vacated because, in his view, the government’s factual basis did
not establish that the home he robbed affected commerce, as was necessary to
convict. Chaff relied on Jones v. United States, 529 U.S. 848 (2000), which holds
that the arson of an owner-occupied home that is not used for any commercial
purpose cannot be prosecuted under 18 U.S.C. § 844(i) because a home is not
“property ‘used’ in interstate commerce or commerce-affecting activity” and thus
does not satisfy the commerce element of the statute, id. at 850-51. In a
memorandum submitted with his petition, Chaff contended that § 2241 is the
appropriate means to attack his Hobbs Act conviction because § 2255 was
“inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of his detention.” See 28 U.S.C. § 2255
¶ 5; United States v. Prevatte, 300 F.3d 792, 798-99 (7th Cir. 2002); In re
Davenport, 147 F.3d 605, 608 (7th Cir. 1998). It was inadequate, he contended,
because a successive motion under § 2255 is limited to claims based on newly
discovered evidence or a new rule of constitutional law. Prevatte, 300 F.3d at 797.
His claim, in contrast, is that the Supreme Court’s interpretation of § 844(i) in
Jones establishes that he is actually innocent of the Hobbs Act charge.
The district court concluded that § 2255 was not inadequate because Chaff
could have challenged the commerce element on direct appeal by relying on
“respectable authority” from other circuits, e.g. United States v. Menutti, 639 F.2d
107, 110-12 (2d Cir. 1981) (holding in prosecution under § 844(i) that residence was
not “used” in commerce despite being advertised for rental and receiving natural
gas, electricity, and insurance from out-of-state companies); United States v.
Pappadopoulos, 64 F.3d 522, 528 (9th Cir. 1995) (holding in prosecution under
§ 844(i) that residence lacked commerce nexus despite receiving natural gas from
out-of-state sources), or in his § 2255 motion by relying on an Eleventh Circuit case
decided while his appeal was pending, see United States v. Denalli, 73 F.3d 328,
329-31 (11th Cir 1996) (holding in prosecution under § 844(i) that residence lacked
commerce nexus despite owner-occupant’s use of home computer for international
business).
No. 04-3497 Page 3
Had Chaff been prosecuted in this circuit, he might have a better argument
that § 2255 is ineffectual, assuming, as the district court did, that Jones even
affects the “concept of ‘commerce’” in the Hobbs Act. Cf. United States v. Marrero,
299 F.3d 635, 655-56 (7th Cir. 2002) (expressing concern that, despite recent
decisions including Jones, government was unwilling to recognize limits to reach of
Hobbs Act); but see Wilkerson v. United States, 361 F.3d 717, 732 n.8 (2d Cir. 2004)
(labeling as “significant” that Supreme Court, despite Jones, has declined to review
sufficiency of commerce nexus under Hobbs Act). When circuit law is “so firmly
against” a petitioner, he need not raise the issue to preserve it for later collateral
attack should the law change. Davenport, 147 F.3d at 610. Chaff’s claim, to the
extent it rests on analogy to 844(i), would have been foreclosed by our caselaw until
it was overruled in Jones. See United States v. Stillwell, 900 F.2d 1104, 1107-08
(7th Cir. 1990) (holding in prosecution under § 844(i) that commerce nexus is
satisfied where private residence serves no business purpose but receives natural
gas from out of state); see also United States v. Martin, 63 F.3d 1422, 1426-27 (7th
Cir. 1995) (holding in prosecution under § 844(i) that vacant apartment building
withdrawn from rental market was still “used” in interstate commerce).
But when Chaff filed his § 2255 motion in the district of conviction, he had
the benefit of the Eleventh Circuit’s recent decision in Denalli, and therefore had a
reasonable opportunity to raise the legal theory he advances in his § 2241 petition.
And because when he litigated his § 2255 motion Chaff had an “unobstructed
procedural shot at getting his sentence vacated,” he cannot argue that § 2255
provided an inadequate remedy. See Davenport, 147 F.3d at 609-10; see also
Wofford v. Scott, 177 F.3d 1236, 1244 (11th Cir. 1999) (§ 2241 unavailable for claim
that was not “squarely foreclosed” by circuit law at the time of direct appeal or
§ 2255); United States v. Barrett, 178 F.3d 34, 53 (1st Cir. 1999) (“[W]here a
prisoner had an opportunity to present his claim properly in his first § 2255
petition, but failed to do so, any ‘ineffectiveness’ of his current § 2255 petition is due
to him and not to § 2255."); Abdullah v. Hendrick, 392 F.2d 957, 963 (8th Cir. 2004)
(§ 2255 does not free inmate from failure to raise available claim in earlier § 2255
motion). Accordingly, the district court correctly held that § 2241 is not a remedy
available to Chaff.
AFFIRMED.
| 2024-04-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2232 |
A talk from the conference: Evangelical in a Pluralist Society: Evangelical Engagement, Interfaith, and Ecumenical - The 2014 Evangelical Theological Society Eastern Region meeting (held at St. Mary's Seminary & University, Baltimore, MD, March 22-23, 2014) - Key note speaker: Gerald McDermott. Dr. McDermott is the Jordan-Trexler Professor of Religion and Distinguished Senior Fellow, Baylor Institute for Studies of Religion at Roanoke College. This conference featured lively discussion and respondents to Dr. McDermott from Adam Gregerman (Jewisth - St. Joseph’s University), Terryl Givens (Mormon - University of Richmond), and Jacques Berlinerblau (Securlarist - Georgetown University), as well as Peter Enns (Eastern University) and John Franke (Yellowstone Theological Institute). These discussions were moderated by David Neff (retired editor and chief of Christianity Today).
Dr. Franke is particularly interested in engaging postmodern thought and culture from the perspective of Christian faith in order to explore the opportunities and challenges they present for the witness and ministry of the gospel. In addition to teaching at Biblical, he has lectured and taught on the relationships between theology, ministry, and postmodernity in the United States, Canada, England,... read more
Also of Interest -
Customers who purchased this item also purchased the following items | 2023-10-17T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6590 |
Q:
How to restore PostgreSQL database from dump file
I am trying to restore the backup file to PostgreSQL DB by;
pg_restore -d db_name -U user_name -C backup.dmp
However, I get this error when I executed this command.
pg_restore: [archiver] unsupported version (1.14) in file header
The version of the PostgreSQL DB I'm using is 11.6 (Ubuntu 11.6-1.pgdg18.04+1)
I assumed I need to upgrade PostgreSQL DB so I tried this command on the server.
brew upgrade postgresql
However, I get this error this time..
Error: postgresql not installed
I would appreciate any help or advice.
Thank you very much.
A:
It sounds like you are trying to work with a dump file that was created on a Mac, and you are trying to restore it on another machine (or the other way around?). brew is a Mac package manager. The equivalent for Ubuntu is apt. To install Postgres on Ubuntu, please follow the steps on the Ubuntu page of the PostgreSQL website. To upgrade, you should be able to do apt-get upgrade.
You may also not be able to brew upgrade postgresql on your Mac because Postgres may have been installed in another way (you may want to use Spotlight to find out whether your pg_dump lives in some .../Cellar/... folder or a .../Postgres.app/... folder (or some other folder), and perform your upgrade accordingly.
In either case, it seems you are encountering this archiver error message because of a missing security patch
| 2024-01-04T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6535 |
Q:
Приостановка потока на неограниченное время
Как наиболее оптимально из главного потока приостановить дочерний поток (Thread и Runnable) на неограниченное время, а затем его возобновить?
A:
Обновление
Вы не можете «приостановить» чужой поток. Потоки должны сотрудничать для этого. Самый простой метод, наверное — использовать обыкновенный Lock.
Вот пример:
import java.time.*;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.*;
class Test
{
static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
Thread worker = new Thread(() -> {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
Thread.sleep(20);
// если lock взят, мы будет ждать здесь
// если нет, мы его берём и тут же отпускаем
lock.lock();
lock.unlock();
System.out.println(LocalTime.now());
}
} catch (InterruptedException ex) { }
});
worker.start();
Thread.sleep(100);
System.out.println("Locking...");
lock.lock();
// теперь lock.lock() в другом потоке будет ждать
Thread.sleep(500);
lock.unlock();
// в теперь не будет
System.out.println("Unlocked");
worker.join();
}
}
Пару из lock.lock(); lock.unlock(); нужно расставить по тем местам, где рабочий поток должен будет проверять, не нужно ли приостановиться. Это и есть «сотрудничество» — поток сам вызывает возможно блокирующий код в тех местах, где он хочет проверить, не нужно ли ему приостановиться.
A:
Не пользуйтесь методами Thread.suspend() и Thread.resume().
Это лучше осуществить с помощью wait()/notify().
| 2023-10-10T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6357 |
{
"name": "plastic",
"displayName": "Plastic",
"version": "4.1.0",
"private": true,
"description": "A simple theme.",
"categories": [
"Themes"
],
"homepage": "https://will-stone.github.io/plastic/",
"bugs": {
"url": "https://github.com/will-stone/plastic/issues"
},
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "https://github.com/will-stone/plastic"
},
"author": "Will Stone",
"publisher": "will-stone",
"scripts": {
"prebuild": "rimraf themes",
"build": "./src/build.js",
"dev": "nodemon ./src/build.js",
"lint": "eslint . --ignore-path .gitignore",
"prerelease": "yarn build",
"release": "vsce publish"
},
"contributes": {
"themes": [
{
"label": "Plastic",
"uiTheme": "vs-dark",
"path": "./themes/master.json"
},
{
"label": "Plastic - deprioritised punctuation",
"uiTheme": "vs-dark",
"path": "./themes/master-deprioritised-punctuation.json"
},
{
"label": "Plastic Legacy v2",
"uiTheme": "vs-dark",
"path": "./themes/v2.json"
},
{
"label": "Plastic Legacy v2 - deprioritised punctuation",
"uiTheme": "vs-dark",
"path": "./themes/v2-deprioritised-punctuation.json"
}
]
},
"husky": {
"hooks": {
"pre-commit": "lint-staged"
}
},
"lint-staged": {
"*.{css,json,md}": [
"prettier --write"
],
"*.{js,jsx,ts,tsx}": [
"eslint --fix"
]
},
"nodemonConfig": {
"ext": "js,yaml",
"ignore": [
"themes/*"
]
},
"prettier": "@will-stone/prettier-config",
"eslintConfig": {
"extends": [
"@will-stone/eslint-config",
"@will-stone/eslint-config/node"
]
},
"resolutions": {
"minimist": "^1.2.3"
},
"devDependencies": {
"@will-stone/eslint-config": "^1.10.0",
"@will-stone/prettier-config": "^3.0.1",
"eslint": "^7.0.0",
"fs-extra": "^9.0.0",
"husky": "^4.2.5",
"js-yaml": "^3.13.1",
"lint-staged": "^10.2.6",
"nodemon": "^2.0.4",
"prettier": "^2.0.5",
"rimraf": "^3.0.2",
"vsce": "^1.79.3"
},
"engines": {
"vscode": "^1.45.0"
},
"icon": "icon.png",
"__metadata": {
"id": "0615a8d1-878b-482f-b36c-773d1ed16adb",
"publisherId": "744e71fe-bf60-4aba-94b1-d6e77d16fa27",
"publisherDisplayName": "Will Stone"
}
}
| 2023-10-06T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4253 |
package graphdriver // import "github.com/docker/docker/daemon/graphdriver"
import (
"syscall"
"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
)
var (
// List of drivers that should be used in an order
priority = "zfs"
)
// Mounted checks if the given path is mounted as the fs type
func Mounted(fsType FsMagic, mountPath string) (bool, error) {
var buf unix.Statfs_t
if err := syscall.Statfs(mountPath, &buf); err != nil {
return false, err
}
return FsMagic(buf.Type) == fsType, nil
}
| 2023-12-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6160 |
If you have been on Olive Street between Vandeventer and Spring Avenue, you may have noticed the massive amount of dirt being moved on the North and South sides of the block. Those muddy lots will soon be home to a massive housing project by the name of "Olive West".
Emily Pulitzer and Steve Trampe originally unveiled the plans last year but no renderings of the homes were released at the time. Since then, some progress has been made on the site, such as leveling existing structures and preparing infrastructure. Now, a City of St. Louis Planning Commission document for July, reveals the scope of the project, the designs of the houses and a conceptual design of the apartment building at Vandeventer and Olive. The team of world renowned and local architects totals 7 firms. Those firms are...
Michael Benz - St. Louis (Wolfner Building rehab)
MOS Architecture - New York City (Housing)
Productora Architects - Mexico City (Housing)
Marcias Peredo - Guadalajara, Mexico (Housing)
Tatiana Bilbao - Mexico City (Housing and Planning)
Michael Maltzan - Los Angeles (Apartment Building)
Mitchell-Wall Architecture - St. Louis (Partner)
These 7 firms will take part in perhaps the most exciting new housing development in decades.
The homes, seen in the first image in the story, are fairly simple and basic but are more unique than some of the homes going up around town currently. However, due to them being in black and white, it is hard to determine the façade color which more unique. The houses will start at $250,000 and go up to $450,000 depending on the model you choose, size and finishes. 3 of the 4 home designs will be built first so potential buyers can see the finished product before making a decision. Those model homes will be built on the Northside of the street.
While the houses take up the Eastern majority of the site, the apartment project will take up the vacant lot at Vandeventer and Olive. The apartment building will be designed by Michael Maltzan, an architect from Los Angeles. The design, as presented, will be very angular and will have a large central courtyard surrounded by the building's unique geometry. The new building will be connected to the Wolfner Building and will total approximately 26,580SF of leasable square feet. This equates to 35 apartment units.
The new building will also be 4.5-stories along Vandeventer but only two at the Wolfner Building. For the first floor, it will be partially underground, at -3FT, but it will also stick up out of the ground by 6FT. The first floor will serve as parking (approximately 47 spaces). This allows for the first floor of apartment units to be slightly elevated from Vandeventer.
While the building is still in design, the ambition to create an architecturally significant project on the site is clear. The apartment portion of the project would be taken up by a different entity than Trampe or Pulitzer. The cost wasn't mentioned in the PUD document.
The design of the building, and floor plans, are below.
Below is an example of the type of work that Michael Maltzan has done. Expect to see small, punched windows included in this apartment building. You can see them, very lightly, in the rendering above. They'll look similar to the building below when completed.
The Olive West housing portion of the project will begin construction, on the model homes, by summer’s end. | 2024-06-26T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3906 |
China has ratified the landmark Paris agreement on climate change just hours before the start of the G20 summit, where representatives of the world's leading economies will gather.
The standing committee of China's National People's Congress voted to adopt "the proposal to review and ratify the Paris Agreement" at the closing meeting of a week-long session, state news agency Xinhua said.
The ratification by China, the world's biggest polluter with about 25 percent of global carbon emissions, took place ahead of the G20 meeting in Hangzhou where the United States, the world's second biggest polluter, is also expected to announce it will ratify the accord.
G20 countries emit about 80 percent of global greenhouse gases, with China and the US responsible for about half of that.
"The timing of this announcement is important because it comes a few hours before the start of the G20 Summit," Al Jazeera's Adrian Brown, reporting from Hangzhou, said.
"We understand that President Barack Obama will announce the United States will also ratify the deal."
The Paris agreement was signed in December 2015 by nearly 200 countries. But before today's announcement, only 23 signatories, responsible for about one percent of global emissions, had ratified it.
"For the accord to go into legal effect, however, at least 55 countries need to ratify the agreement. What China and presumably the US will do is set an example for other countries to follow," Brown said.
READ MORE: COP21 - Any agreement is better than no agreement?
The main goal of the deal is to slash greenhouse gas emissions and keep global temperature increases to "well below" two degrees Celsius.
Experts have said that target is already in danger of being breached, with the UN weather agency saying that 2016 is on course to be the warmest year since records began.
Environmental groups have reacted to the Chinese announcement with cautious optimism, stressing other countries must also ratify the Paris deal.
Greenpeace East Asia's senior climate policy adviser, Li Shuo, said both China and the US should put pressure on other G20 countries to ratify the agreement: "Xi and Obama should seize the opportunity to lead the world's 20 wealthiest nations by joining and building on the Paris Agreement." | 2024-06-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4387 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a planar electric precipitator, particularly to a planar electric precipitator which is easy to manufacture and of flat shape to be suitable for industrial and home use.
2. Description of Related Art
In conventional art, particles suspended in the air are removed by letting an air flow pass through a channel in which a pointed electrode is placed. Direct voltage between the electrode and a collecting plate causes the particles contained in the air flow to be ionized and drawn towards the collecting plate and thus to be removed from the air.
Electrostatic air cleaning apparatuses as just described work effectively and therefore are widely used to clean air in closed rooms. However, conventional electrostatic air cleaning apparatuses generally have large volumes and need to be placed on floors, which consumes valuable space and is inconvenient.
The main reason for a large volume of a conventional electrostatic air cleaning apparatus lies in a large thickness due to required distances between electrodes and collecting plates and the need to install several layers of electrodes and collecting plates for better effectivity.
Another shortcoming of conventional electrostatic air cleaning apparatuses is the difficulty during manufacture of precisely controlling distances and mutual orientations between electrodes and collecting plates, so as to prevent smoke from entering air channels and preserving ionizing capability.
The present inventor has been aware that conventional art does not solve the problems of large volume, difficulty of manufacturing and cost reduction. U.S. patent publication no. US005925170A “Electric dust-collection unit and air-cleaning apparatus” discloses an electrostatic air cleaning apparatus having a plurality of electrodes, each made of a wire with a needle tip, oriented parallel to each other, which results in a large thickness and hence a large volume of the apparatus. Furthermore, the electrodes, being separable from a base, during manufacture need to be placed precisely one by one, which is difficult and expensive.
U.S. patent publication no. US006524369B1 “Multi-stage particular matter collector” discloses an electrostatic air cleaning apparatus having a plurality of electrodes, each being a metal plate with sharp edges, vertically placed on a horizontal collector plate. Therefore, the apparatus has a height that is hard to reduce, resulting in a large volume.
U.S. patent publication No. US005322550A “Electrical dust collector” discloses an electrostatic air cleaning apparatus having a plurality of electrodes which are made by punching and bending a metal plate and a plurality of collecting plates made by punching and bending a metal plate, too, and interleaving with the plurality of electrodes. This apparatus has a somewhat reduced thickness, but a satisfactorily small volume is not achieved. Furthermore, manufacturing by punching and bending into precise angles is difficult due to the elasticity of metal plates, so that precision and hence effectivity of the apparatus are not sufficiently high.
U.S. patent publication No. US005492557A “Filter device for air purification” discloses an electrostatic air cleaning apparatus having a plurality of electrodes which are made from a metal plate by punching a plurality of holes with pointed flaps reaching inside and being bent away at predetermined angles to form electrodes. Thereby the apparatus is almost flat, but a minimum thickness is still required by orienting a collecting plate perpendicular to the electrodes. | 2023-12-16T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1914 |
Q:
Passing parameters to results in struts2 does not work
I have configured result as follows : Its my custom result type.
<result-types>
<result-type name="myBytesResult" class="blahblah.MyBytesResult" />
</result-types>
<action name="myAction" class="blahblah.MyAction">
<result name="success" type="myBytesResult">
<param name="pptId">${pptId}</param>
</result>
</action>
And my result has setter/getter for pptId and MyAction also has setter/getter for pptId. But when i check in my result, Its not setting pptId (I am getting ${pptId} as string in result). It seems its not getting getter from Action.
What could be reason for the same ?
The code MyAction
public String doDefault() {
System.out.println("Default Called");
setPptId("MyPpt");
return "success";
}
public byte[] getMyImageInBytes() throws Exception {
try {
//.....
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return null;
}
public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
public String getPptId() {
return this.pptId;
}
public void setPptId(String pptId) {
this.pptId = pptId;
}
MyBytesResult
private String contentType;
private String pptId;
public void execute(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
//...Some more code for settign response
System.out.println("pt Id[" + this.pptId + "]");
}
public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
public String getPptId() {
return pptId;
}
public void setPptId(String pptId) {
this.pptId = pptId;
}
A:
Updated answer
So, after some digging, it appears that this is actually working properly. It is the responsibility of the Result to evaluate the incoming data as an OGNL expression if that is necessary. This is how the redirect and http header results work. You can parse the value against the stack in your custom result as follows:
String resolvedPptId = TextParseUtil.translateVariables(pptId, stack)
From the Javadoc for translateVariables:
Converts all instances of ${...}, and %{...} in expression to the value returned by a call to {@link ValueStack#findValue(java.lang.String)}. If an item cannot
be found on the stack (null is returned), then the entire variable ${...} is not
displayed, just as if the item was on the stack but returned an empty string.
| 2024-05-15T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3178 |
Q:
adding nested field in angular reactive form
I'm using Angular 6 and have written API in Django.
I have a Profile model serialized under User model.
Using Postman I'm able to save records to Profile like
# JSON
{
'name': 'John',
'profile': {
'about': 'About me string'
}
}
# or form field
name = 'John'
profile.about = 'About me string'
Now, In Angular application, I am trying to send data in the same format described above to the endpoint. For that, the formGroup is like
this.aboutForm = this.fb.group({
profile: this.fb.group({
about: new FormControl('', [
Validators.required
])
})
});
And when the HTML form be like
<form [formGroup]="aboutForm" (submit)="submit()" #form="ngForm">
<textarea formControlName="profile.about"></textarea>
</form>
But this is giving error as
error service Error: "Cannot find control with name: 'profile.about'"
A:
You should use formGroupName instead of formControlName for nested controls.
Enclose the textarea inside div with formGroupName=profile and then use the formControlName=about for your texarea
| 2024-07-27T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6785 |
On the Value of Analytic Philosophy
Two years have now passed since I abandoned the study of analytic philosophy and turned to history, a discipline with fundamentally different aims and methods, even when, as in my case, the historical subject matter is philosophy itself. This change of focus has given me the opportunity to reflect with hindsight on the academic and intellectual value of analytic philosophy as a subject, and the value of the skills acquired therefrom when applied in other domains of enquiry.
John R. Milton, who taught me history of science at King's College, London, once remarked that analytic philosophy has some striking similarities to medieval scholasticism, both good and bad. On the whole, I think there is much truth in this. Like medieval scholasticism, analytic philosophy demands from its practitioners a high degree of intellectual rigor and clarity. Commendably, the scholastics spent a great deal of time attacking their own positions in order to improve and solidify them, and this practice also characterises the best of analytic philosophy, which examines itself and its methods to a degree that is rare in other fields.
Like the philosophy of medieval schoolmen such as Ockham and Scotus, analytic philosophy, as it is taught, is exclusively textual. The object of study is always one or more texts containing philosophical arguments where the tools of logic are used to tackle the often difficult and invariably abstract problems therein. Typical undergraduate training in philosophy involves three or more years closely analysing dense, complicated works of philosophy containing arguments often formulated with sophisticated but implicit premises and inferences. The student learns how to analyse the coherence of these arguments by questioning their premises and searching for flaws in the logical superstructure derived from them. Properly taught and pursued, the study of analytic philosophy should result in a high degree of critical and argumentative skill reflected in increased skepticism, suspicion of demagogic arguments, resistance to inferential fallacies, clear and succinct powers of expression and an ability to get directly to the heart of any given problem. These are all highly valuable skills, applicable in most occupations. In fact, the general problem-solving abilities produced by philosophical training are in my view highly undervalued by employers, who often suffer from the widespread misconception that philosophy is a “fuzzy” subject and that philosophers are somehow preoccupied with vague and unanswerable questions about “the Meaning of Life.” When I attend family reunions and tell people I study philosophy, I invariably get a quizzical look followed by the question “What do you do with that?” I usually reply that I think deep thoughts about the nature of unemployment.
“We're all scholars of the humanities,” a friend of mine remarked recently, but the kinship between the analytic philosopher and the literary analyst is a tenuous one. In truth, analytic philosophy co-exists uneasily alongside the other humanities. This is something that its practitioners are generally aware of, although there is of course a widespread realisation that in some sense, like history or literary studies, the subject matter of philosophy is and should be man himself. At the same time, however, many analytic philosophers believe themselves to be addressing problems of a fundamentally universal nature. This Platonic strain – the belief that some/many/most philosophical problems exist in vacuo as an intrinsic byproduct of the nature of reality, only incidentally dependent on the nature of man – is an aspect of analytic philosophy that distances it from other humanities. Most historians, for example, recognise that their subject matter is arbitrary and depends on very human factors: every object in the world, every particle of matter, has a history, but historians choose to study only the activities of human beings, and even then confine themselves to certain limited categories of activities deemed pertinent. The analytic philosopher, on the other hand, will typically believe that he is tackling perennial problems that exist independently of the social and cultural context in which they were raised.
Now, I do not wish to defend the theory that all philosophical problems are merely byproducts of contingent cultural and linguistic circumstances. This is, however, true of many of them, especially in the more “human” branches of philosophy – ethics and political philosophy. It is the very failure to realise this – i.e. the “unembedded” nature of the modern analytic philosophical enterprise -- that renders philosophy so alien and irrelevant to real human concerns. Perusing an academic journal of modern Anglophone political philosophy, one finds article upon article implicitly or explicitly justifying and demonstrating the overall excellence of the liberal democratic order enjoyed in Western – and especially Anglophone -- society, while containing not a single argument that is remotely convincing to anyone who is not already firmly dedicated to the underlying principles that make up the very essence of this order. The whole enterprise is strictly a priori and circular in its reasoning. It is, in fact, a form of intellectual masturbation achieved by complex and impressive mental acrobatics. While arguments abound, there is no possible evidence that would persuade adherents of rival political philosophical positions to abandon them. This typically extends just as much to other branches of philosophy: Indeed, the problems of modern analytic philosophy are deemed philosophical precisely because no such evidence is available. Given the right premises, the highly intelligent people who go on to academic careers in philosophy could reach any conclusion they wished: However, the set of acceptable premises on which to build is strictly delimited by an academic orthodoxy that is ignored only at one's peril. As a result, making original contributions to major philosophical debates requires an unusually high degree of intelligence and an inordinate amount of dry but twistedly creative and unforgivingly rigorous thinking. It is takes, after all, a great deal of creativity to squeeze water from a stone. The parallels with late scholastic philosophy are obvious.
It is perhaps because of this desiccated academic consensus that philosophy has, as John Gray puts it, become a “culturally marginal activity” (Gray 1995). Few contemporary philosophers engage with problems that are pertinent or interesting to the thoughtful and curious non-philosopher, much less ordinary people, choosing instead to play a never-ending game of justification and sophistry. The edifice of modern analytic philosophy consists of enormous, logically impeccable and intellectually impressive castles built on foundations that are either taken for granted or unquestionably accepted as foundational. Nowhere, I repeat, is this more evident than in ethics and political philosophy, where most philosophers do little to inform the very real and highly important public debates on moral issues, and when they do, they do so largely in a non-philosophical capacity. It is scarcely surprising that when most people search for justice, meaning and intellectual guidance in life, it is not to academic philosophers they turn but to demagogues, charlatans or the mass-produced self-help books that litter the stands of modern bookstores. Modern analytic philosophy is a culturally bankrupt discipline, rendered incestuous and irrelevant by the ivory tower in which it dwells.
For all its merits, it is due to the factors outlined above that I no longer study philosophy as such – that is to say, my academic work is no longer concerned with finding true possible answers to philosophical questions (or pointing out the faults in other philosophers' attempts to do so). Rather, I study the historical development of the practice of philosophy, and the context in which philosophy is produced. This requires a completely different methodological approach to philosophical texts than that which I was taught in my years as a student of philosophy. When I now read a philosophical text, I no longer ask myself whether its contents are true. Rather, I am concerned with understanding why the author should choose to accept the principles and make use of the arguments he does, looking for evidence of the influence of previous thinkers and social circumstances -- a form of understanding that is alien to the analytic philosopher, who as a rule is concerned only with what makes arguments correct and acceptable as such. This is not, however, to say that the historical approach to philosophy is without its faults. Indeed, a great deal of otherwise valuable historical work is produced with a dazzling philosophical naiveté with respect to the nature of the historical enterprise and the underlying methodological problems facing historical enquiry. Thankfully, my training in analytic philosophy has rendered me more sensitive to these issues than I might otherwise have been. In the end, however, the self-consciously relative nature of modern historical enquiry produces an understanding of philosophy that is somehow more human and more gratifying than that of the analytic tradition.
March 25th 2009 | 2023-09-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8772 |
Pages
Bitcoin analysis for November 10, 2017
The Bitcoin (BTC) has been trading downwards. As I expected, the price tested the level of $6,708. While Wall Street heavies publically shamed bitcoin and its users, Citigroup is taking a more nuanced approach. In a wide-ranging interview at a futuristic conference in New York City, its CEO describes in detail how his firm, the fourth largest bank in the United States by total assets, just behind Wells Fargo, Bank of America, and JP Morgan Chase, will confront the world's most popular cryptocurrency, bitcoin. The technical picture looks bearish.
Trading recommendations:
According to the 4H time frame, I found a bearish engulfing candle formation in the background, which is a sign that buying looks risky. I also found a broken upward trendline, which is another sign of weakness. My advice is to watch for potential selling opportunties. The first downward target is set at the price of $6.060.
Support/Resistance
$7.332 – Intraday resistance (price action)
$7.878 – Major resistance
$6.060 – Downward target
With InstaForex you can earn on cryptocurrency's movements right now. Just open a deal in your MetaTrader4. | 2023-09-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9219 |
2018 Liga Futsal Kebangsaan
Liga Futsal Kebangsaan 2018 () will be the tenth season of the National Futsal League, the Malaysian professional futsal league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 2004. Malacca United are the defending champions, having won their second title in the 2018 season. The league was on hold for 2016 season after a financial problem and postponed to January 2018 for the new season. All matches to be played at Team Home Away .
Teams
Felda United
Kuala Lumpur F.A.
Terengganu F.A.
Melaka
MBPP
Perak
Pahang
KL City
MPSJ F.C.
Kuantan Rangers F.C.
League table
Result table
References
Category:Liga Futsal Kebangsaan seasons
Category:2018 in Malaysian football
Category:2018 in Asian futsal | 2023-09-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4284 |
Are Cryptocurrencies Going to Solve the Marijuana Industry’s Banking problem?
In the past few years, the rise of cryptocurrencies and the marijuana industry have made both controversial markets practically impossible to ignore. With the two most googled economic terms in Canada in 2017 being “marijuana stock” and “the price of bitcoin”, the widespread and continuously growing public interest is undeniable. Bitcoin particularly, has been on an epic rise, soaring more than 2000 percent in value within the 2017 year. Even British Columbia approved the first registered bitcoin fund manager in September 2017. In North America, marijuana sales totaled almost $7 billion in 2016, with a whopping 30% growth rate. To boot, North American sales are projected to top $20.2 billion by 2021. Now the question everyone wants to know: Will cryptocurrencies be a part of the solution for the Marijuana Industry’s banking issue? To comprehend the answer to this, you must first have a deeper understanding of both markets. Here’s what you need to know.
Cryptocurrencies:
What exactly are they anyway? Cryptocurrencies are electronic peer-to-peer currencies. According to CoinMarketCap.com, there are around 1,375 different virtual coins that anyone can buy. The idea of a peer-to-peer electronic currency has been around for decades, but it wasn’t truly successful until the birth of Bitcoin in 2008. Bitcoin, and other virtual currencies, have been designed to fix a large number of flaws surrounding the way(s) money is transacted from one party to another. Cryptocurrencies empower the users, eliminate middlemen (banks, PayPal, etc.), and make international transactions cheaper and easier. Buying cryptocurrencies are now as easy as downloading an app, like Coinbase.
The world is becoming more and more economically unsafe. This is why cryptocurrency is the biggest socioeconomic experiment the world has ever seen. It is inevitably going to change the world of finance. By relying on technology called blockchain, cryptocurrency transactions are so secure that experts consider them to be virtually un-hackable. Every cryptocurrency has its own blockchain, which involves a distributed network of computers securing it by performing complex, mathematical puzzles. For more information about the “puzzles”, research “Proof-of-Work”. Cryptocurrencies cannot be counterfeited and transactions cannot be reversed arbitrarily, which is vital for any functional, secure currency. Cryptocurrencies may help eliminate fraud and even identity theft because funds cannot be manipulated using one’s identity unless the key to those funds are stolen personally from you. Alex Tapscott, co-author of Blockchain Revolution, compares the advent of blockchain to the emerging internet in 1993.
Although the future of cryptocurrencies looks very bright, there are still several problems that need to be solved before cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin achieves mainstream adoption as a form of currency. One of the main issues many cryptographers are working on trying to solve is the speed of cryptocurrency transaction. Bitcoin for example, can only do between 3.3 and 7 transactions per second. Bitcoin will need to be able to process thousands of transactions per second to revolutionize the world. In addition, the price of Bitcoin will continue to fluctuate until mass adoption, which easily discourages people from using it as a currency. Most, if not all, challenges facing Bitcoin can be resolved. The biggest challenge will be educating the public on its use and value.
Marijuana Industry:
As scientific research has continuously proven the benefits of marijuana, and more prohibition laws across North America have dropped, the marijuana industry has been skyrocketing like no other. However, banking and dealing with this industry’s cash flow has been chaotic. Due to the plant still being Federally illegal in the United States, banks have turned away marijuana businesses left and right, no matter how badly they want their money. This has forced marijuana businesses to be cash-based, which is not just inconvenient but very dangerous. These cannabis-related businesses may not be able to access the financial services ecosystem, which includes bank accounts, online merchant services, card swipe orders, and the ability to access capital markets. There is a clear need for a solution to this cash-based industry.
By creating solutions and aiding where centralized institutions have failed, cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology are coming to the rescue. While Bitcoin has become widely popular, there are cryptocurrencies specifically for the cannabis market. PotCoin (POT) was the first developed cannabis cryptocurrency in 2014, and many others came soon after like CannabisCoin (CANN), DopeCoin (DOPE), HempCoin (THC), CannaCoin (CCN), and MarijuanaCoin (MAR). A question many are wondering is: If you’re just looking for a cash alternative, what’s the point of having a cannabis-specific cryptocurrency rather than an all-purpose cryptocurrency like Bitcoin? Sumit Mehta, publisher of cannabis industry report Mazakali Green Paper, says “I don’t fully understand why that matters.” Some blockchain developers have called marijuana-cryptocurrencies pointless, and that may explain why, even with some dispensaries currently accepting cryptocurrencies, business is still almost entirely done in cash. All cryptocurrencies currently have something in common that prevents industries from adopting them as a payment solution. It is that the price of all of these Cryptocurrencies are highly volatile. If a marijuana vendor accepts PotCoin and it’s value rises or falls 33% in one day, that can greatly affect the value of the company’s funds. Businesses prefer when the value of their funds are stable because they are trying to scale their company by satisfying projections & quotas. Cryptocurrencies can make that more like a rollercoaster than an escalator.
It’s not yet clear whether the marijuana industry and cryptocurrencies are a match. However, it is clear to see that blockchain is transforming the world in many aspects, and the marijuana industry is another area that can significantly benefit from this new technology (a secure trail of information- useful to both regulators and customers- that follows a plant from seed to sale). As of right now, “We have too many strict state and federal standards to meet, and right now, the cryptocurrencies don’t allow us to meet those high standards,” stated Zachary Zises, a dispensary owner in Chicago. Overall, digital currencies still have a long way to go and some cannabis industry specialists even believe that the banking issues may get resolved before the widespread adoption of cryptocurrency. The future belongs to those who prepare for it today, so educate yourself and don’t let the complexity of cryptocurrencies scare you away. | 2024-03-23T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1493 |
Ick. Apologies for not following up my own thread before this, but I've been
trapped under something heavy. A few glib responses:
Dave sez: So, if a strategy is demonstrably efficient, then it's a right?
Not at all. However, distribution of resources among the population has to
happen in some fashion, and one assumes that the "most efficient" distribution
is in a sense the one that creates the greatest common good. If introducing
property rights is creates the most efficient distribution and hence the
greatest common good, it's a good thing.
Dave sez: If it's only a matter of avoiding plan interference...
These arguments are completely bogus. The whole "plan interference" argument
in the first place rests on the notion that all people have plans. Making
humans property or concentrating all planning ability in a sovereign person
breaks the assumption, not the argument.
Dave sez: How very Victorian. (re: the mentioned meme)
Yes, in some sense it looks a lot like "elan vital." But hey, I'm not making
this stuff up. Don't shoot the messenger. Check out [1] [2] or a whole host
of other books. | 2023-08-31T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2194 |
Wandering the double mazes of infertility and living in a foreign culture.
Wednesday, 14 September 2011
FET 1: Scan 1
Went in for the first appointment for the FET. Had a quick scan. Lining at 0.5cm; no follicle to show oncoming ovulation yet. Back on Monday.
Talked to Dr K about the number of embryos. He said that because they don't know how well the embryos will survive, he recommends thawing all of them. I don't mind really, despite wanting to try just one embryo at a time. He said the maximum we could transfer would be three, which as I only have three makes no difference to me.
3 comments:
@Michelle - yes, as in this case they want to time the transfer as close as possible to the natural cycle of the body. That way it will mimic a 'natural' conception as closely as possible. I suspect there will be some extra progesterone though. | 2023-10-06T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9294 |
Q:
Assigning Elements to array then printing jquery
I am having an issue where I need to put value from checkboxes into an array, then use toString() on the array and write the array contents to a div. Any help would be really appreciated.
<form id="form" action="" onsubmit="return false">
<div id="inputs" class="alignAndWhiteText">
<div style="margin-left:80px">
<label>List music in the order you prefer</label>
<hr style="margin-right:80px"/>
<div id="selections">
<input type="checkbox" id="popMusic">Pop Music<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="metalMusic">Metal Music<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="countryMusic">Country Music<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="rapMusic">rap Music<br>
<input type="checkbox" id="electronicMusic">Electronic Music<br>
</div>
<div id="userFeedback" style="color:white;text-align:center"><p></p></div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
$(document).ready(function(){
var music = ["","","","",""];
$('#popMusic').click(function(){
music.push($('#popMusic').val());
});
$('#metalMusic').click(function(){
music.push($('#metalMusic').val());
});
$('#countryMusic').click(function(){
music.push($('#countryMusic').val());
});
$('#rapMusic').click(function(){
music.push($('#rapMusic').val());
});
$('#electronicMusic').click(function(){
music.push($('#electronicMusic').val());
});
music.toString();
for(i = 0;i < music.length; i++){
$('#userFeedback').html(music);
}
});
A:
Is this you wanted? I have refactored code and leverage each of jQuery.
$(document).ready(function(){
var music = [];
$( ".musicSelection" ).each(function( index ) {
$(this).change(function() {
if($(this).is(':checked')) {
$('#userFeedback').append("<p>" + $(this).val() + "</p>");
}
});
});
});
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<form id="form" action="" onsubmit="return false">
<div id="inputs" class="alignAndWhiteText">
<div style="margin-left:80px">
<label>List music in the order you prefer</label>
<hr style="margin-right:80px"/>
<div id="selections">
<input class="musicSelection" type="checkbox" id="popMusic" value="Pop Music">Pop Music<br>
<input class="musicSelection" type="checkbox" id="metalMusic" value="Metal Music">Metal Music<br>
<input class="musicSelection" type="checkbox" id="countryMusic" value="Country Music">Country Music<br>
<input class="musicSelection" type="checkbox" id="rapMusic" value="rap Music">rap Music<br>
<input class="musicSelection" type="checkbox" id="electronicMusic" value="Electronic Music">Electronic Music<br>
</div>
<div id="userFeedback" style="color:tomato;text-align:center"><p></p></div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
| 2024-01-06T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6696 |
Millions of syringes, such as that depicted in FIG. 1A (2), are consumed in healthcare environments every day. A typical syringe (2) comprises a tubular body (4), a plunger (6), and an injection needle (8). As shown in FIG. 1B, such a syringe (2) may be utilized not only to inject fluid into a patient, but also to withdraw or expel fluid out of or into a container such as a medicine bottle, vial, bag, or other drug containment system (10). Indeed, due to regulatory constraints in some countries such as the United States as well as sterility maintenance concerns, upon use of a medicine bottle (10) with a syringe (2) as shown in a particular patient's environment, such medicine bottle may only be utilized with a single patient and then must be disposed of—causing significant medical waste from bottle and remaining medicine disposal, and even contributing to periodic shortages of certain critical drugs. Referring to FIG. 2A, three Luer-type syringes (12) are depicted, each having a Luer fitting geometry (14) disposed distally, so that they may be coupled with other devices having similar mating geometry, such as the Luer manifold assembly (16) depicted in FIG. 2B. The Luer fittings (14) of the syringes of FIG. 2A may be termed the “male” Luer fittings, while those of FIG. 2B (18) may be termed the “female” Luer fittings; one of the Luer interfaces may be threaded (in which case the configuration may be referred to as a “Luer lock” configuration) so that the two sides may be coupled by relative rotation, which may be combined with compressive loading. In other words, in one Luer lock embodiment, rotation, possibly along with compression, may be utilized to engage threads within the male fitting which are configured to engage a flange on the female fitting and bring the devices together into a fluid-sealed coupling. In another embodiment, tapered interfacing geometries may be utilized to provide for a Luer engagement using compression without threads or rotation (such a configuration may be referred to as a “slip-on” or “conical” Luer configuration). While such Luer couplings are perceived to be relatively safe for operators, there is risk of medicine spilling/leaking and parts breakage during the loading to provide a Luer coupling. The use of needle injection configurations, on the other hand, carries with it the risk of a sharp needle contacting or poking a person or structure that is not desired. For this reason, socalled “safety syringes” have been developed.
One embodiment of a safety syringe (20) is shown in FIG. 3, wherein a tubular shield member (22) is spring biased to cover the needle (8) when released from a locked position relative to the syringe body (4). Another embodiment of a safety syringe (24) is shown in FIGS. 4A-4B. With such a configuration, after full insertion of the plunger (6) relative to the syringe body (4), the retractable needle (26) is configured to retract (28) back to a safe position within the tubular body (4), as shown in FIG. 4B. Such a configuration which is configured to collapse upon itself may be associated with blood spatter/aerosolization problems, the safe storage of pre-loaded energy which may possible malfunction and activate before desirable, loss of accuracy in giving full-dose injections due to residual dead space within the spring compression volume, and/or loss of retraction velocity control which may be associated with pain and patient anxiety.
Further complicating the syringe marketplace is an increasing demand for pre-filled syringe assemblies such as that depicted in FIG. 5A, which generally comprise a syringe body, or “drug enclosure containment delivery system”, (34), a plunger tip, plug, or stopper (36), and a distal seal or cap (35) which may be fitted over a Luer type interface. Liquid medicine may reside in the volume, or medicine reservoir, (40) between the distal seal and the distal end (37) of the plunger tip (36). Such assemblies are desirable because they may be standardized and produced with precision in volume by the few manufacturers in the world who can afford to meet all of the continually changing regulations of the world for filling, packaging, and medicine/drug interfacing materials selection and component use. Such simple configurations, however, generally will not meet the new world standards for single-use, safety, auto-disabling, and anti-needle-stick. Thus certain suppliers have moved to more “vertical” solutions, such as that (41) featured in FIG. 5B, which attempts to meet all of the standards, or at least a portion thereof, with one solution; as a result of trying to meet these standards for many different scenarios, such products may have significant limitations (including some of those described above in reference to FIGS. 3-4B) and relatively high inventory and utilization expenses.
There is a need for improved injection systems which address the shortcomings of currently-available configurations. In particular, there is a need for safety injection solutions which may utilize the existing and relatively well-controlled supply chain of conventionally delivered pre-filled syringe assemblies such as that described in reference to FIG. 5A. | 2023-08-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6152 |
Q:
Adding keywords to multiple languages in `listings` package
I have a pdflatex project where I need both Python and SQL listings. The listings package works great, I was able to add and reformat the extra keywords for Python with the following code:
\lstset{
language=python,
basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0,0,1},
stringstyle=\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0.627,0.126,0.941},
morekeywords={cls,self,abstractmethod,classmethod,
__call__,__import__,__init__, __nonzero__,None}
}
However, I need to add extra SQL keywords as well, that are not valid in Python, like REFERENCES. How do I add keywords for different languages?
Thank you.
A:
You can define two separate styles, or even two separate environments.
\documentclass[]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{listings}
\lstdefinestyle{Python}
{
language=python,
basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0,0,1},
stringstyle=\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0.627,0.126,0.941},
morekeywords={cls,self,abstractmethod,classmethod,
__call__,__import__,__init__, __nonzero__,None}
}
\lstdefinestyle{Sql}
{
language=SQL,
basicstyle=\small,
identifierstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0,0,1},
stringstyle=\ttfamily\color[rgb]{0.627,0.126,0.941},
morekeywords={REFERENCES}
}
\lstnewenvironment{sql}
{\lstset{style=Sql}}
{}
\lstnewenvironment{python}
{\lstset{style=Python}}
{}
\begin{document}
\begin{python}
parents, babies = (1, 1)
while babies < 100:
print 'This generation has {0} babies'.format(babies)
parents, babies = (babies, parents + babies)
\end{python}
\begin{sql}
CREATE TABLE STATION
(ID INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
CITY CHAR(20),
STATE CHAR(2),
LAT_N REAL,
LONG_W REAL);
REFERENCES
\end{sql}
\end{document}
| 2023-08-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/7201 |
Main Menu
Secondary Menu
Only One RCA TV Input? No Problem.
Introduction: Only One RCA TV Input? No Problem.
My TV only has one RCA input, but I have 4 devices that use RCA. I didn't want to buy parts to build a switch box or buy one, so I came up with this. It is a really easy project to do, it was free for me because I had the spare parts laying around, and it took me about 20 minutes.
NOTE: Turning on more than one device at a time might cause problems, I'm not responsible if anything gets ruined. I doubt it would cause problems, but I wouldn't try it.
Step 1: Materials
-Spare RCA cables
-wire cutters/ wire strippers
-electrical tape
Step 2: Start Strippin'
Cut the RCA cords you need and strip them. This part was actually the most time consuming for me.
Step 3: Connecting
Now just match the colors (red to red, white to white, yellow to yellow) and the ground wires. Once all the wires are connected together, wrap with electrical tape. Just plug in your RCA devices and the TV and your all done. (:
Step 4: Videos
I took 2 vids of me trying it out. My DVD player, Nintendo 64, and Playstation 2 are all hooked up to it and they all worked. Sorry they aren't good quality, I took them with my phone.
Epilog Challenge 9
Science of Cooking
Pro Tips Challenge
Tips
Questions
6 Comments
You are 100% correct in telling people to not turn on more than one device as who knows what that could do to any of the devices attached.
There are switch boxes for a few bucks that only allow one device to be connected at a time. More expensive ones have a remote, but when you think about it, having to get up to turn the switch isn't such a bad thing when one has been sitting on one's butt all day playing COD anyway. Getting up to flip the switch might be the only thing keeping one's feet from atrophying and allow blood flow to return to one's buttocks.
Be that as it may, one approach I've thought of for full automation is to have a relay (or transistor/switch) on each output before the TV input. The relays/switches would be configured to allow signal through by default, but cut it off if any other output has signal. Use a high-impedance rectifier on each console output to detect when video signal was present. If so, this would dis-engage all the other relays except the one with signal. If more than one output has video, it they would disengage each other's relay so neither would get through. So if you have no video, it would probably mean you have more than one console turned on.
If this sounds like an interesting instructable I'd be happy to assist someone with design/construction issues if they took it on but unfortunately can't take it on myself at this time.
Only for the ps2 cord because I had a spare, but other than that, the red and white cord plugs into my dvd player, and I plugged my N64 and PS1 into the input cords. Then I plugged The other RCA plug that I spliced them all to into my TV | 2023-09-09T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4087 |
A new tablet brittleness index.
Brittleness is one of the important material properties that influences the success or failure of powder compaction. We have discovered that the reciprocal of diametrical elastic strain at fracture is the most suitable tablet brittleness indices (TBIs) for quantifying brittleness of pharmaceutical tablets. The new strain based TBI is supported by both theoretical considerations and a systematic statistical analysis of friability data. It is sufficiently sensitive to changes in both tablet compositions and compaction parameters. For all tested materials, it correctly shows that tablet brittleness increases with increasing tablet porosity for the same powder. In addition, TBI increases with increasing content of a brittle excipient, lactose monohydrate, in the mixtures with a plastic excipient, microcrystalline cellulose. A probability map for achieving less than 1% tablet friability at various combinations of tablet tensile strength and TBI was constructed. Data from marketed tablets validate this probability map and a TBI value of 150 is recommended as the upper limit for pharmaceutical tablets. This TBI can be calculated from the data routinely obtained during tablet diametrical breaking test, which is commonly performed for assessing tablet mechanical strength. Therefore, it is ready for adoption for quantifying tablet brittleness to guide tablet formulation development since it does not require additional experimental work. | 2024-06-04T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1932 |
Tag: Organization
Disorder in your home can make it seem like you’re living a mini nightmare. Not only can it be difficult to find things you need, whether it be when you’re cooking, cleaning, or otherwise, but it can also be a subtle source of anxiety that you might not even be aware of. With a little bit of mindfulness, some basic routines, and an ounce of effort you can make sure that your home is well organized on an ongoing basis. You’ll be able to find the things you need when you need them, enjoy the extra space that it brings to your home, and relish in the peace of mind that your home is sufficiently put together. Here are some top tips for getting started.
First, Focus On The Highly-Traveled Areas
For my family, without a doubt the room that sees the highest amount of use is the kitchen. We cook there, we eat there, and we often watch TV there when we’re relaxing throughout the day. I would estimate that aside from the 8 hours we spend sleeping in our bedrooms, the vast majority of our time is spent in the kitchen. It makes sense then that this should be the room that we focus on first, as our efforts will there will have the most impact. This very well may be different for your family. Just take a quick look around at your every day lives and see where you spend the most time. That is where you’ll want to get started. Once you see which techniques work and are worth your time, you can start focusing on the other less-travelled areas in your home.
Remove Items That Are Unnecessary
This is the step that everyone hates, and with good reason. We all love the items that we’ve brought into our lives, and getting rid of them can be painful for any number of reasons. Maybe an item is something that you though would be really cool, or maybe it’s something you spent a lot of money on. The hardest items to get rid of are those that were given to you by someone special. I get it, I’ve been there. Please try to keep those thoughts aside while I explain why this step is so important.
We live in a world full of things, and it’s so easy to accumulate them at a rapid rate. It’s what gets us into the habit of needing more space and needing to bring order to our homes in the first place. So often we think the answer is “more”. A bigger closet, a bigger kitchen, a bigger house. If we keep going down that path it will always spiral out of control. We can’t all afford a huge mansion for our family and all of our things. The simple answer is to cut down on the things that we bring into our home, and to cut down on the things that are already in our home that we simply don’t use or need.
Here’s what I do. I look at each and every item in the area I’m organizing and analyze two things. First, have I used it in the past year? If not, it’s time to remove that item from the area – with one exception. Does that item bring me joy? Perhaps it was given to you by your mother, or a close friend. If so, you can make a case that it’s worth keeping around. If you’re really getting stuck on this part it can be extremely helpful to work with a set of outside eyes. I once hired a team of professional organizers in northern VA, and the results were astounding. If you find yourself having trouble getting rid of your low-use items, I’d recommend that you do they same.
Put Items Where They Are Most Useful
With the unnecessary items removed from the area you’re working on, it’s time to think about where you’re going to put the items that remain. I’ll continue with the kitchen example. Pots and pans belong near the stove. Better yet, they should be within an arm’s reach of where you’ll be using them – the stove top. Similarly, spices and cooking implements should be nearby. Tableware such as glasses and plates should not be in the cooking area, they should be somewhere between the sink and the and the table.
Try to make flow paths with the items in your house. You want to make it easy to do any particular job that is done there. If you’re cooking while your spouse is cleaning, you want to make sure that your items are situated such that you’re not always bumping into each other while you’re working.
I’ve spoken mainly about the kitchen, but these simple steps translate to all areas of your home. With a little planning and effort you can really make your home a comfortable, organized, and functional place to live. | 2024-02-05T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2966 |
Synopsis:
“A New Beginning” and “The Bridge” are two very correct chapters that maintain interest and advance a little bit by trying this new plot terrain, and the patience of the spectators. For now, there are no annoying characters in sight, or strange temporary jumps with those who want to deceive and confuse us, it is more, you can see a more careful production from the staging, editing and effects. Watch for more films by afdah tv without any cost. | 2023-09-11T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9482 |
Tag "Isidro Garcia"
BBC – A 25-year-old woman who went missing 10 years ago in California has told police she was forced to marry her captor and have his child. The unnamed woman in Santa Ana contacted police after finding her sister on Facebook, officers said. | 2023-10-12T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5488 |
1) "Did I mention that I actually was in a war? You know, that thing that you declared for no good reason, so that other people could go and get killed? It's not like you invented that, you know."
2) "I couldn't agree more with the President that we are indeed fighting the White War...I mean, sorry, the Right War...at the White Time. Oops, I did it again."
3) "Could you please not use the phrase 'hard work' so much, considering we're both like, rich as Croesus?"
4) "I'm sorry I mumbled that last sentence, I was worried about appearing as insincere as the President when he does that 'talking down to your level' thing."
5) "Don't even LOOK at my daughters, you scummy old perv."
6) "I'll just take this time to again mention that I actually was in the armed services during Vietnam, which is an excellent way to learn about what happens in a war."
7) "I had prepared a nuanced retort to your lies, but rather than saying it out loud and confusing people, I'll just mention that it's all up at my website, johnkerry.com."
8) "What do you know about offense? Have you ever been shot at? That's when you have to play some D."
9) "I know you've said that you will never stop defending America. But do you foresee starting anytime in the near future?"
10) "If you even mention the word 'leadership' again I'm going to take command of the nearest swiftboat and run it aground upside your head." | 2024-05-05T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4099 |
Robin des bois
Robin des Bois was founded in France in 1985 by pioneers of environmental protection. The NGO’s orientation is decided on by a board elected by the member’s General Assembly and carried out by 8 full-time staff members with multidisciplinary skills. Robin des Bois’ objective is the protection of Man and the Environment by means of all forms of research and non-violent action. Words are our only weapon. On ground investigations, bibliographic synthesis, publishing reports, press releases, letters to authorities, regular participation to a dozen institutional consulting groups and international conventions: we are at work with our grey matter, solid boots and a good dose of flair. We put forward technical, historical, geographical, sometimes philosophical arguments, with a strong will to remain concrete and constructive.
Robin des Bois is supported by a national and international network of supporters and professionals in areas such as the maritime community, anti-environmental criminality, risk management, waste and polluted sites. The NGO is not affiliated to any political party. Our campaigns require perseverance and are to be carried out over the long term. Robin des Bois also takes legal action and part took in the success of the historical law suit concerning the Erika oil spill, and such without the help of a lawyer. The NGO is in France accredited for the protection of the environment.
Robin des Bois around the world.
Robin des Bois publishes in French and English two quarterly information and analysis bulletins: since 2006 “Shipbreaking”, treats of ship demolition and since 2013 “On the Trail” tracking on an international level events of poaching and trafficking in endangered animal species. Both publications are useful tools appreciated as such on a global level. The NGO is an observer to CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), the OSPAR Convention for the protection of the North-East Atlantic, the International Whaling Commission and ICCAT (International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas).
Robin des Bois close to home.
In France, alongside neighborhoods or on its own, the organization tackles pollutions and degradations considered unimportant to some but very important for us: re-use of railroad ties processed with carcinogenic substances, a polluted area contaminated by the closed petrol station at the entrance of town, cutting of trees, hedges and groves, waste dumps next to river sides…
Robin des Bois historian.
Thanks to its archives and historical research, the association elaborates inventories of sites polluted by past industrial or commercial activities and armed conflict. It has thus published inventories of former gas plants, sites polluted by PCBs, locations where war remains have been discovered (bombs, mines, shells…), inventories of sites where radium was used and polluted sites in the Arctic. These reports including recommendations intend to remind the States and real estate promoters of what they might tend to forget.
Robin des Bois in the future.
Industrialization of the sea, the race towards gigantism in shipping, specifically regarding container ships, the hazards of 3D technology, we have seen it all coming and take action so that the worst does not come from it. When the ship the Probo Koala was used as a floating refinery in the Mediterranean Sea and unloaded the toxic waste in Africa, Robin des Bois led an international investigation, published a book and successfully put pressure on the International Community. The NGO has made a top priority of prevention and management of waste from natural and industrial disasters that over the 21st century promise to be devastating. Robin des Bois also looks out towards the cosmos and has published a report on space waste (out of use satellites, rocket sections…), a first of a kind on Earth.
Robin des Bois outright.
Destroying forests and all wildlife they harbor in the name of wood-based energy, sending latex shreds into birds’ stomachs by releasing balloons for celebrations or commemorations, transforming the ocean into windmill factory farms, abolishing one fishing methods without previously studied human and environmental collateral effects, we are outright against it.
Robin des Bois on a tightrope.
Too many tasks, not enough money, thus is the strenuous path Robin des Bois treads upon. The NGO’s yearly revenue is of about 300,000 euros and comes from 4 sources: donations and membership, sale of jojoba oil and vegetable ivory respectively being a substitute to spermaceti and elephant ivory, environmental consulting and a subsidy from the Ministry of Environment. “How do you manage to do so much with so little?” we are sometimes asked. The answer is that we believe in what we do.
Donate
Join
Robin des Bois was founded in France in 1985 by pioneers of environmental protection. The NGO’s orientation is decided on by a board elected by the member’s General Assembly and carried out by 8 full-time staff members with multidisciplinary skills. Robin des Bois’ objective is the protection of Man and the Environment by means of all forms of research and non-violent action. Words are our only weapon. On ground investigations, bibliographic synthesis, publishing reports, press releases, letters to authorities, regular participation to a dozen institutional consulting groups and international conventions: we are at work with our grey matter, solid boots and a good dose of flair. We put forward technical, historical, geographical, sometimes philosophical arguments, with a strong will to remain concrete and constructive.
Robin des Bois is supported by a national and international network of supporters and professionals in areas such as the maritime community, anti-environmental criminality, risk management, waste and polluted sites. The NGO is not affiliated to any political party. Our campaigns require perseverance and are to be carried out over the long term. Robin des Bois also takes legal action and part took in the success of the historical law suit concerning the Erika oil spill, and such without the help of a lawyer. The NGO is in France accredited for the protection of the environment. | 2024-02-28T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8372 |
In recent years, still images that have been picked up by a digital camera, a scanner device, or the like, and formed into files are frequently registered in Home pages on the Internet. Conventionally, still images, obtained by digital cameras, scanners, or the like, are once stored in PCs of the like through media or a communication unit such as serial/USB, and then directly edited by the user to form a HTML file using text editor or the like, or formed into a HTML file by using an exclusively-used HTML editor or the like. These are then registered as home pages in a predetermined server on the Internet. Here, the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-116295 is exemplified as a related invention.
As described above, conventionally, still images, obtained by digital cameras, scanners, or the like, are once stored in PCs or the like through media or a communication unit, and the user directly edits these by handling codes of HTML by a text editor or the like, or an exclusively-used HTML editor or the like is used to form these into a HTML file. Then, these files are registered as home pages in a predetermined server on the Internet, therefore, upon editing or registering these, PCs are inevitably required, and it has not been possible to directly register these in the home pages from a digital camera. | 2023-11-22T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1903 |
Since the 1970’s doctors have been investigating allergic reactions caused as a result of handling or smoking marijuana. In 1971, Dr. Barry Liskow, Dr. Jay Liss, and Dr. Charles Parker reported that “A 29-year-old housewife had symptoms consistent with an anaphylactoid response after smoking a marihuana cigarette for the first time. Scratch testing and passive transfer studies confirmed an immunologic basis for her response and indicated that it was related to the cannabinoid and perhaps specifically to the tetrahydrocannabinol component of the marihuana plant.” Evidence Here Over the years, allergic reactions to marijuana have not been researched as thoroughly as other allergies due to marijuana’s illicit status in many countries globally as well as within many jurisdictions within the United States. One of the most recent studies conducted in 2007 and published in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, concluded that marijuana allergy in and of itself is quite rare. However, further medical and scientific research will likely need to be conducted in order to fully understand people’s reactions to marijuana, not only allergic reactions but the beneficial reactions experienced by medical marijuana patients. For now, it is believed that people who suffer from allergies to the Nettle family of plants including Elm trees are more likely to be susceptible to allergic reactions from coming into contact with or consuming marijuana in different forms. This is of course because marijuana itself is within the Nettle family of plants. In case you don’t believe us. One way to spot a marijuana allergy could be the time of year that it occurs, marijuana pollen is not detected in many areas before mid-July, most years it peaks in mid-August, and it is unlikely to be detected after mid-September. It’s the truth. The allergic reaction is caused by marijuana pollen and not necessarily the marijuana plant itself, as is the case with many allergies. As far as marijuana is concerned, the pollen is only produced by male plants. A female plant that has not been exposed to pollen will not produce seeds, so many growers will kill off male plants when they are discovered or will choose to only grow feminized seeds. However, some growers use pollen to get seeds for future grows, we recommend cloning (Check out our article on cloning) as it saves time and allows you to avoid having to separate male and female plants halfway through a grow. But, back to the whole allergy thing. If you experience the following symptoms after coming into contact with, but not smoking, marijuana, you may be allergic:
• Itchy skin
• Redness where exposed
• rash or hives
• dry, scaly skin
While, experiencing the following symptoms after smoking marijuana may also suggest an allergy:
• itchy, runny nose
• congestion
• sore throat
• itchy, watery eyes (Note: this could just be a sign you’re high.)
• difficulty breathing (i.e. asthma)
Ultimately, if this is something you are concerned about, the best person to speak with would be your doctor. If you are using marijuana medicinally and were prescribed marijuana this may be an easier conversation than for someone who is using marijuana recreationally. Also, if you got to high and just think you are allergic you probably aren’t, stop being a hypochondriac, close WebMD, and find something to eat. It is important to remember that no one in recorded history has ever died as a result of a marijuana overdose or allergy, and most Marijuana Mythbusters know this already. Check out the poll. If you are one of the unfortunate souls who is allergic to marijuana our hearts go out to you, let us know and we will smoke twice as much just for you (not to rub it in or anything). | 2024-01-16T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2576 |
Ted Urness
Harold Edwards Urness (June 23, 1937 – December 29, 2018) was an offensive lineman for the Saskatchewan Roughriders from 1961 to 1970.
CFL career
Urness played in three Grey Cups for the Roughriders, winning one in 1966, the 54th Grey Cup against the Ottawa Rough Riders, losing two, the 55th Grey Cup of 1967 against the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, and the 57th Grey Cup of 1969 against Ottawa again. Except for his rookie year, he and the Roughriders never missed the playoffs. Urness was an All-Star center six years in a row and was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 1989.
Post-football career
After football, Ted served as the Chairman for the Saskatchewan Liquor Control Board, and long serving General Manager for Redhead Equipment in Saskatoon.
He died on December 29, 2018 at the age of 81.
References
External links
Category:1937 births
Category:2018 deaths
Category:Arizona Wildcats football players
Category:Canadian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Category:Canadian football offensive linemen
Category:Grey Cup champions
Category:Sportspeople from Regina, Saskatchewan
Category:Players of Canadian football from Saskatchewan
Category:Saskatchewan Roughriders players | 2023-08-05T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1521 |
1949–50 1re série season
The 1949–50 1re série season was the 29th season of the 1re série, the top level of ice hockey in France. Five teams participated in the league, and Racing Club de France won their first championship.
First round
Paris Group
Alpes Group
Final round
External links
Season on hockeyarchives.info
Fra
Category:1949–50 in French ice hockey
Category:Ligue Magnus seasons | 2024-03-30T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1688 |
local T, C, L, _ = unpack(select(2, ...))
if T.classic or C.skins.blizzard_frames ~= true then return end
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- PvE skin
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
local function LoadSkin()
local StripAllTextures = {
"PVEFrame",
"PVEFrameLeftInset",
"LFDParentFrame",
"LFDParentFrameInset",
"RaidFinderFrame",
"RaidFinderQueueFrame",
"RaidFinderFrameBottomInset",
"RaidFinderFrameRoleInset",
"ScenarioFinderFrame",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialog",
"LFGDungeonReadyStatus",
"LFDQueueFrameCooldownFrame",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameCooldownFrame",
"RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfill",
"LFDQueueFramePartyBackfill",
"LFDQueueFrame",
"LFGListApplicationDialog"
}
for _, object in pairs(StripAllTextures) do
_G[object]:StripTextures()
end
local KillTextures = {
"LFDQueueFrameBackground",
"PVEFramePortrait",
"ScenarioFinderFrameInset",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialogBackground",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameBackground",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialogBottomArt",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialogFiligree",
"ScenarioQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackground",
"ScenarioQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackgroundTopLeft",
"ScenarioQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackgroundBottomRight",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameScrollFrameScrollBackground",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameScrollFrameScrollBackgroundTopLeft",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameScrollFrameScrollBackgroundBottomRight"
}
for _, texture in pairs(KillTextures) do
_G[texture]:Kill()
end
local buttons = {
"LFDQueueFrameFindGroupButton",
"RaidFinderFrameFindRaidButton",
"ScenarioQueueFrameFindGroupButton",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialogLeaveQueueButton",
"LFGDungeonReadyDialogEnterDungeonButton",
"RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfillBackfillButton",
"RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfillNoBackfillButton",
"LFDQueueFramePartyBackfillBackfillButton",
"LFDQueueFramePartyBackfillNoBackfillButton",
"LFGInvitePopupAcceptButton",
"LFGInvitePopupDeclineButton"
}
for i = 1, #buttons do
_G[buttons[i]]:SkinButton()
end
LFGListApplicationDialog.SignUpButton:SkinButton()
LFGListApplicationDialog.CancelButton:SkinButton()
local checkButtons = {
LFDQueueFrameRoleButtonTank,
LFDQueueFrameRoleButtonHealer,
LFDQueueFrameRoleButtonDPS,
LFDQueueFrameRoleButtonLeader,
RaidFinderQueueFrameRoleButtonTank,
RaidFinderQueueFrameRoleButtonHealer,
RaidFinderQueueFrameRoleButtonDPS,
RaidFinderQueueFrameRoleButtonLeader,
LFGListApplicationDialog.TankButton,
LFGListApplicationDialog.HealerButton,
LFGListApplicationDialog.DamagerButton,
LFGInvitePopupRoleButtonTank,
LFGInvitePopupRoleButtonHealer,
LFGInvitePopupRoleButtonDPS,
RolePollPopupRoleButtonTank,
RolePollPopupRoleButtonHealer,
RolePollPopupRoleButtonDPS
}
for _, roleButton in pairs(checkButtons) do
T.SkinCheckBox(roleButton.checkButton or roleButton.CheckButton)
end
local scrollbars = {
"ScenarioQueueFrameSpecificScrollFrameScrollBar",
"LFGListApplicationViewerScrollFrameScrollBar",
"LFDQueueFrameSpecificListScrollFrameScrollBar",
"LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBar",
"RaidFinderQueueFrameScrollFrameScrollBar",
"LFGListEntryCreationSearchScrollFrameScrollBar"
}
for _, scrollbar in pairs(scrollbars) do
T.SkinScrollBar(_G[scrollbar])
end
T.SkinScrollBar(LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.ScrollFrame.scrollBar)
for i = 1, 4 do
local button = GroupFinderFrame["groupButton"..i]
button.ring:Hide()
button:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
button.backdrop:SetAllPoints()
button:StyleButton()
button.bg:SetTexture("")
button.icon:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
button.icon:SetPoint("LEFT", button, "LEFT", 10, 0)
button.icon:SetDrawLayer("OVERLAY")
button.icon:SetSize(40, 40)
button.border = CreateFrame("Frame", nil, button)
button.border:CreateBackdrop("Default")
button.border.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", button.icon, -2, 2)
button.border.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", button.icon, 2, -2)
end
hooksecurefunc("GroupFinderFrame_SelectGroupButton", function(index)
local self = GroupFinderFrame
for i = 1, 4 do
local button = self["groupButton"..i]
if i == index then
button.backdrop:SetBackdropBorderColor(1, 0.82, 0, 1)
button.backdrop.overlay:SetVertexColor(1, 0.82, 0, 0.3)
button.border.backdrop:SetBackdropBorderColor(1, 0.82, 0, 1)
else
button.backdrop:SetBackdropBorderColor(unpack(C.media.border_color))
button.backdrop.overlay:SetVertexColor(0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 1)
button.border.backdrop:SetBackdropBorderColor(unpack(C.media.border_color))
end
end
end)
hooksecurefunc("LFGRewardsFrame_SetItemButton", function(parentFrame, _, index)
local parentName = parentFrame:GetName()
local item = _G[parentName.."Item"..index]
if item and not item.isSkinned then
item.border = CreateFrame("Frame", nil, item)
item.border:CreateBackdrop("Default")
item.border.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", item.Icon, "TOPLEFT", -2, 2)
item.border.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", item.Icon, "BOTTOMRIGHT", 2, -2)
item.Icon:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
item.Icon:SetDrawLayer("OVERLAY")
item.Icon:SetParent(item.border)
item.Count:SetDrawLayer("OVERLAY")
item.Count:SetParent(item.border)
item.NameFrame:Hide()
item.shortageBorder:SetTexture(nil)
item.roleIcon1:SetParent(item.border)
item.roleIcon2:SetParent(item.border)
item.isSkinned = true
end
end)
local function SkinMoney(button)
_G[button].border = CreateFrame("Frame", nil, _G[button])
_G[button].border:CreateBackdrop("Default")
_G[button].border.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", _G[button.."IconTexture"], "TOPLEFT", -2, 2)
_G[button].border.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", _G[button.."IconTexture"], "BOTTOMRIGHT", 2, -2)
_G[button.."IconTexture"]:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
_G[button.."IconTexture"]:SetDrawLayer("OVERLAY")
_G[button.."IconTexture"]:SetParent(_G[button].border)
_G[button.."NameFrame"]:Hide()
_G[button.."Count"]:SetDrawLayer("OVERLAY")
_G[button.."Count"]:SetParent(_G[button].border)
end
SkinMoney("LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameChildFrameMoneyReward")
SkinMoney("RaidFinderQueueFrameScrollFrameChildFrameMoneyReward")
SkinMoney("ScenarioQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameChildFrameMoneyReward")
hooksecurefunc("LFGDungeonListButton_SetDungeon", function(button)
if not button.expandOrCollapseButton.isSkinned then
T.SkinCheckBox(button.enableButton)
button.enableButton:SetFrameLevel(button.enableButton:GetFrameLevel() - 2)
button.enableButton.SetCheckedTexture = T.dummy -- Blizzard changes checked texture, prevent it
T.SkinExpandOrCollapse(button.expandOrCollapseButton)
button.expandOrCollapseButton.isSkinned = true
end
end)
for i = 1, 3 do
T.SkinTab(_G["PVEFrameTab"..i])
end
LFGListApplicationDialog:SetTemplate("Transparent")
PVEFrame:CreateBackdrop("Transparent")
PVEFrame.backdrop:SetAllPoints()
PVEFrame.shadows:Kill()
ScenarioQueueFrame.Bg:Hide()
LFDQueueFrameNoLFDWhileLFR:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
LFDQueueFrameNoLFDWhileLFR.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, 5)
LFDQueueFrameNoLFDWhileLFR.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 6)
LFDQueueFrameCooldownFrame:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
LFDQueueFrameCooldownFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, 4)
LFDQueueFrameCooldownFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 6)
LFDQueueFramePartyBackfill:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
LFDQueueFramePartyBackfill.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, 4)
LFDQueueFramePartyBackfill.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 6)
RaidFinderQueueFrameCooldownFrame:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
RaidFinderQueueFrameCooldownFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, 6)
RaidFinderQueueFrameCooldownFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 8)
RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfill:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfill.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, 6)
RaidFinderQueueFramePartyBackfill.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 8)
T.SkinDropDownBox(LFDQueueFrameTypeDropDown, 300)
LFDQueueFrameTypeDropDown:SetPoint("RIGHT", -10, 0)
T.SkinDropDownBox(RaidFinderQueueFrameSelectionDropDown, 300)
RaidFinderQueueFrameSelectionDropDown:SetPoint("RIGHT", -10, 0)
T.SkinDropDownBox(ScenarioQueueFrameTypeDropDown, 300)
ScenarioQueueFrameSpecificScrollFrameScrollBackgroundTopLeft:Hide()
ScenarioQueueFrameSpecificScrollFrameScrollBackgroundBottomRight:Hide()
ScenarioQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameChildFrame.bonusRepFrame.ChooseButton:SkinButton()
ScenarioQueueFrameTypeDropDown:SetPoint("RIGHT", -10, 0)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.ResultsInset:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.NothingAvailable:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.CategorySelection:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.CategorySelection.FindGroupButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.CategorySelection.StartGroupButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.BackButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.SignUpButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.ScrollFrame.StartGroupButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.RefreshButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.RefreshButton:SetSize(24, 24)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.RefreshButton.Icon:SetPoint("CENTER")
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.FilterButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.FilterButton:SetPoint("LEFT", LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.SearchBox, "RIGHT", 5, 0)
hooksecurefunc("LFGListSearchEntry_Update", function(button)
if button and not button.isSkinned then
button.CancelButton:SkinButton()
button.isSkinned = true
end
end)
hooksecurefunc("LFGListSearchPanel_UpdateAutoComplete", function(self)
for i = 1, LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:GetNumChildren() do
local child = select(i, LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:GetChildren())
if child and not child.isSkinned and child:GetObjectType() == "Button" then
child:SkinButton()
child.isSkinned = true
end
end
local text = self.SearchBox:GetText()
local matchingActivities = C_LFGList.GetAvailableActivities(self.categoryID, nil, self.filters, text)
local numResults = math.min(#matchingActivities, MAX_LFG_LIST_SEARCH_AUTOCOMPLETE_ENTRIES)
for i = 2, numResults do
local button = self.AutoCompleteFrame.Results[i]
if button and not button.moved then
button:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", self.AutoCompleteFrame.Results[i-1], "BOTTOMLEFT", 0, -2)
button:SetPoint("TOPRIGHT", self.AutoCompleteFrame.Results[i-1], "BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, -2)
button.moved = true
end
end
self.AutoCompleteFrame:SetHeight(numResults * (self.AutoCompleteFrame.Results[1]:GetHeight() + 3.5) + 8)
end)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:CreateBackdrop("Transparent")
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame, "TOPLEFT", 0, 3)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame, "BOTTOMRIGHT", 6, 3)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.SearchBox, "BOTTOMLEFT", -2, -8)
LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.AutoCompleteFrame:SetPoint("TOPRIGHT", LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.SearchBox, "BOTTOMRIGHT", -4, -8)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.SearchPanel.SearchBox)
T.SkinCloseButton(PVEFrameCloseButton)
T.SkinCloseButton(LFGDungeonReadyStatusCloseButton, nil, "-")
T.SkinCloseButton(LFGDungeonReadyDialogCloseButton, LFGDungeonReadyDialog, "-")
LFDQueueFrameSpecificListScrollFrameScrollBackgroundTopLeft:SetTexture(nil)
LFDQueueFrameSpecificListScrollFrameScrollBackgroundBottomRight:SetTexture(nil)
LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackground:SetTexture(nil)
LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackgroundTopLeft:SetTexture(nil)
LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameScrollBackgroundBottomRight:SetTexture(nil)
LFDQueueFrameRandomScrollFrameChildFrameBonusRepFrame.ChooseButton:SkinButton()
LFGInvitePopup:StripTextures()
LFGInvitePopup:SetTemplate("Transparent")
LFGDungeonReadyPopup:SetTemplate("Transparent")
LFGDungeonReadyDialog.SetBackdrop = T.dummy
LFGListFrame.CategorySelection.CategoryButtons[1]:SetNormalFontObject(GameFontNormal)
hooksecurefunc("LFGListCategorySelection_AddButton", function(self, index)
local button = self.CategoryButtons[index]
if button and not button.styled then
button.Cover:Hide()
button:SetTemplate("Overlay")
button:StyleButton()
button.Icon:SetDrawLayer("ARTWORK")
button.Icon:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
button.Icon:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, -2)
button.Icon:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", -2, 2)
button.SelectedTexture:SetColorTexture(1, 0.82, 0, 0.3)
button.SelectedTexture:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", 2, -2)
button.SelectedTexture:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", -2, 2)
button.styled = true
end
end)
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.Description:StripTextures()
LFGListApplicationDialogDescription:StripTextures()
LFGListInviteDialog:StripTextures()
LFGListInviteDialog:SetTemplate("Transparent")
LFGListInviteDialog.AcknowledgeButton:SkinButton()
LFGListInviteDialog.AcceptButton:SkinButton()
LFGListInviteDialog.DeclineButton:SkinButton()
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListApplicationDialogDescription)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.Name, nil, 17)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ItemLevel.EditBox, nil, 17)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.VoiceChat.EditBox, nil, 17)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.HonorLevel.EditBox, nil, 17)
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.Description)
T.SkinDropDownBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.CategoryDropDown, 320)
T.SkinDropDownBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.GroupDropDown)
T.SkinDropDownBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityDropDown)
T.SkinCheckBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.VoiceChat.CheckButton)
T.SkinCheckBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ItemLevel.CheckButton)
T.SkinCheckBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.HonorLevel.CheckButton)
T.SkinCheckBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.PrivateGroup.CheckButton)
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ListGroupButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.CancelButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Background:Kill()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog:SetTemplate("Transparent")
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog.BorderFrame:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog.BorderFrame:SetTemplate("Transparent")
T.SkinEditBox(LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog.EntryBox, 276, 17)
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog.SelectButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.EntryCreation.ActivityFinder.Dialog.CancelButton:SkinButton()
-- ApplicationViewer (Custom Groups)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.InfoBackground:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
T.SkinCheckBox(LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.AutoAcceptButton)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset:StripTextures()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset:SetTemplate("Transparent")
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.NameColumnHeader:SkinButton(true)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RoleColumnHeader:SkinButton(true)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.ItemLevelColumnHeader:SkinButton(true)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.NameColumnHeader:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.NameColumnHeader:SetPoint("BOTTOMLEFT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset, "TOPLEFT", 0, 1)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RoleColumnHeader:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RoleColumnHeader:SetPoint("LEFT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.NameColumnHeader, "RIGHT", 1, 0)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.ItemLevelColumnHeader:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.ItemLevelColumnHeader:SetPoint("LEFT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RoleColumnHeader, "RIGHT", 1, 0)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RefreshButton:SkinButton()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RefreshButton:SetSize(24,24)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RefreshButton:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RefreshButton:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset, "TOPRIGHT", 16, 4)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RemoveEntryButton:SkinButton(true)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.EditButton:SkinButton(true)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RemoveEntryButton:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.RemoveEntryButton:SetPoint("BOTTOMLEFT", -1, 3)
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.EditButton:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.EditButton:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", -6, 3)
LFGListApplicationViewerScrollFrameScrollBar:ClearAllPoints()
LFGListApplicationViewerScrollFrameScrollBar:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset, "TOPRIGHT", 0, -14)
LFGListApplicationViewerScrollFrameScrollBar:SetPoint("BOTTOMLEFT", LFGListFrame.ApplicationViewer.Inset, "BOTTOMRIGHT", 0, 14)
end
tinsert(T.SkinFuncs["ShestakUI"], LoadSkin)
local function LoadSecondarySkin()
ChallengesFrameInset:StripTextures()
ChallengesFrame:DisableDrawLayer("BACKGROUND")
hooksecurefunc("ChallengesFrame_Update", function(self)
for _, frame in ipairs(self.DungeonIcons) do
if not frame.backdrop then
frame:CreateBackdrop("Transparent")
frame.backdrop:SetAllPoints()
frame.Icon:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
frame.Icon:SetInside()
frame.HighestLevel:SetFont(C.media.normal_font, 18, "OUTLINE")
end
end
end)
local function HandleAffixIcons(self)
for _, frame in ipairs(self.Affixes) do
frame.Border:SetTexture(nil)
frame.Portrait:SetTexture(nil)
if frame.info then
frame.Portrait:SetTexture(CHALLENGE_MODE_EXTRA_AFFIX_INFO[frame.info.key].texture)
elseif frame.affixID then
local _, _, filedataid = C_ChallengeMode.GetAffixInfo(frame.affixID)
frame.Portrait:SetTexture(filedataid)
end
frame.Portrait:SetTexCoord(0.1, 0.9, 0.1, 0.9)
if not frame.backdrop then
frame:CreateBackdrop("Default")
frame.backdrop:SetPoint("TOPLEFT", frame.Portrait, "TOPLEFT", -2, 2)
frame.backdrop:SetPoint("BOTTOMRIGHT", frame.Portrait, "BOTTOMRIGHT", 2, -2)
end
end
end
hooksecurefunc(ChallengesFrame.WeeklyInfo, "SetUp", function(self)
local affixes = C_MythicPlus.GetCurrentAffixes()
if affixes then
HandleAffixIcons(self.Child)
end
end)
hooksecurefunc(ChallengesKeystoneFrame, "Reset", function(self)
self:GetRegions():SetAlpha(0)
self.InstructionBackground:SetAlpha(0)
end)
hooksecurefunc(ChallengesKeystoneFrame, "OnKeystoneSlotted", HandleAffixIcons)
T.SkinCloseButton(ChallengesKeystoneFrame.CloseButton)
ChallengesKeystoneFrame.StartButton:SkinButton(true)
ChallengesKeystoneFrame:DisableDrawLayer("BACKGROUND")
ChallengesKeystoneFrame:CreateBackdrop("Transparent")
local NoticeFrame = ChallengesFrame.SeasonChangeNoticeFrame
NoticeFrame:StripTextures()
NoticeFrame:CreateBackdrop("Overlay")
NoticeFrame:SetFrameLevel(5)
NoticeFrame.NewSeason:SetTextColor(1, 0.8, 0)
NoticeFrame.NewSeason:SetShadowOffset(1, -1)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription:SetTextColor(1, 1, 1)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription:SetShadowOffset(1, -1)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription2:SetTextColor(1, 1, 1)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription2:SetShadowOffset(1, -1)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription3:SetTextColor(1, 0.8, 0)
NoticeFrame.SeasonDescription3:SetShadowOffset(1, -1)
NoticeFrame.Affix:StripTextures()
NoticeFrame.Affix.Portrait:SkinIcon()
NoticeFrame.Leave:SkinButton()
end
T.SkinFuncs["Blizzard_ChallengesUI"] = LoadSecondarySkin
| 2024-06-07T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5541 |
Q:
PHP header function not working
I used to use this function to redirect from one php page to another:
header( 'Location: student.php?cnp='.$_REQUEST['name']) ;
In my localhost it does work, but if testing it in internet, it doesn't redirect.
I've also tried to give the full path (like http://.../student.php?...) but still it doesn't work. Does anyone know why and what should I do?
A:
Try this:
header('Location: http://www.example.com/someurl.php', true);
Second parameter replaces previous location header (if any).
Also check what HTTP response code you receive (it should be 30X)
If nothing helps you can always redirect by javascript:
echo "<script>window.top.location='http://www.example.com/someurl.php'</script>"
This is not so professional but works even if headers has already been sent.
A:
Try adding session_write_close(); before and exit() after:
session_write_close();
header( 'Location: student.php?cnp='.$_REQUEST['name']) ;
exit();
Just saw the error message in the comments. Add ob_start(); to the top of your pages, under the session_start() if you have that.
| 2023-10-17T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8207 |
You are here
Node Bittrex API Comments
Node Bittrex API is a Node.js library for interfacing with the Bittrex API. The library is open source, however, the Bittrex API requires an API key for use. The library is not officially owned by Bittrex, though it's usage is endorsed by Bittrex on their API documentation page. | 2024-07-07T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1072 |
JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser.
You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website.
About Manchester Madness
Established over 20 years ago as a commercial linen company, Manchester Madness has evolved within the textiles industry to become a leading retailer of bedding and bath items online. With a strong focus on customer service, competitive prices and great brands, Manchester Madness continue to delight their valued customers each and every day.
We understand that the needs of our customers differ from person to person, we have a range that allows you to express your individual and personal tastes and styles without compromise and without breaking the back.
Search
Hilton Luxury Mattress Topper
Cozy and clever. This mattress topper is made from healthy fibres, designed to support and adapt to everyones shape, and is as soft as a cloud. It's function is to ensure a happy, healthy nights sleep every night.
The topper features a 300 thread-count soft brushed cotton top made from hypoallergenic fibres, a comfy and supportive down-like cluster puff fibre fill, and thousands of memory-resistant microfibre clusters that move and conform to your body, providing you with an incredible night's sleep. Comfort and practicality meet with this smart mattress topper from Hilton.
Product Brand
Promo Banner
About Manchester Madness
With over 20 years experience in the bedding and bath industry, we understand what it takes to create a dream home. With all your favourite brands and products at the most competitive prices online why not build your dream today? | 2023-11-07T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8014 |
yAt large—Representing a State ordistrictin its entirety, as a delegate, elector, or Congressman at large.
Bouv.
yState—The section of territoryoccupied by one of the United States. Blacks
yDistrict—A certain portion of the country, separated from the rest for some special purpose.
The United Statesare divided into judicial districts, in each of which is established a district court;
they are also divided into election districts, collection districts, etc.
It may be construed to mean territory; and in the revenue laws the words “district” and “port”are
often used in the same sense. Bouv.
yDelegate—A person elected, by the peopleof an organized territory of theUnited States, to congress, who has
a seat in congress and a right of debating, but not voting. Bouv.
yTerritory—A portion of the country subject to and belonging to the United Stateswhich is not within the
boundary of any State or the District of Columbia. Bouv.
wRepresentative—One who represents or is in the place of another. Bouv.
wPeople— …in constitutional law or discussion, it is often the case that those only who are intended who have a share in the government through being clothed with elective franchise,… For these and similar purposes, the electors, though constituting but a small minority of the whole body of the community; nevertheless act for all, and, as being for the time therepresentatives of sovereignty, they are considered and spoken of as thesovereign people. The termpeople of the United Statesis synonymous with citizens; both describethe political body, who, according to our republican institutions, form the sovereignty, and who hold the power and conduct the government throughtheirrepresentatives. Bouv.
Registered Qualified Elector- One possessing the constitutional qualifications, and registered under the
registration statute.
People of the United States—The sovereign people… Ballentines
So, the United States of America is a government of representatives termed electors, signifying a State meaning they are inhabitants of and are the State i.e. the States of California,.. who meet in the House of Representatives which equals/is the United States of America.
Within the definition of the term United States of America it states: Bouv.
…and the judicial power gives to the supreme court the right of interpreting them. But this courtis but another name for theUnited States, and this power necessarily results from their sovereignty: for the United States would not be truly sovereign unlesstheirinterpretation as well as the letter of the law governed.
…the supreme court, which is nothing else than theUnited States, is the rightful expositor. This necessarily results from theirsovereignty. But theUnited Statesgovernment is one of delegated powers; and nothing is better established… that a delegate can exercise only that power which is delegated to him.
So, the United States, the nine members of the supreme court, are sovereign. Each a delegate and a sovereign, a citizen of that body, the supreme court (United States), and the State wherein they reside, who’s job it is to interpret the constitution.
To give you more…
Union—A popular term for the United States of America. Bouv.
The Preamble to the Constitution reads: We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Translated reads: We the Senate of the supreme court, in order to form a more perfect body of Representatives…do ordain and establish this constitution for this Republic.
This is an American government with its American Constitution i.e. a government of Europeans which is an institutional government.
This government has absolutely nothing to do with you unless you are one of them or of their family. Their Constitution was written for them and them only.
Consequently, the people of the State of.. are the electors whom are representatives of the supreme court (United States) and not you.
In order to be in this body, besides being European, you must be of the public and an inhabitant of a State within the United States (you must be elected into one of the supreme court justices territory i.e. State/District (zip code))
*Inhabitant—The inhabitants of the United States are either native or foreign born. The nativesconsist of first of white persons, citizens of the United States. Second, the aborigines, in general, not citizens of the United States. Third, negroesor descendants of the African race. Bouv.
Native—A natural-born subject or citizen; a denizen by birth… Bouv.
Natural-born subject—One born within the dominions, or rather within the allegiance, of the king of England. Bouv.
The Constitution of the United States, states: Article II; No personexcepta natural-born citizen at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President.
Again, unless you are a European by the definitions above [subject to or owing allegiance], you cannot be the public, the people, a citizen nor president of the United States.
White person—…members of the white or Caucasian race, as distinct from black, red, yellow, and brown races.
This term, however, does not necessarily include all Caucasians. It is apopularandnot a
scientific term, and must be given its popular meaning, and as such is not to be construed
as identical with “Caucasian,” unless the latter term is given its popular meaning, as referring
to recognized racial distinctions existing at present, and not to possibly common ancestry of
dissimilar races. In its popular meaning, “white persons” refers to immigrants from the
British Isles and Northwestern Europe… Blacks 3rd ed.
The definition above gives to you the meaning of “white persons” being immigrants from the British Isles and Northwestern Europe. The term popular by itself is not given in the dictionaries of law, but the following are given:
Popular sense: The sense in which a subject is understood by those conversant therewith. Bouv.
Mooe—An officer in the Isle of Mansimilar to the English Bailiff. Bouv.
Moor—An officer in the Isle of Man, who summons the courts for the several sheadings. This office is similar
to the English bailiff of a hundred. Blacks 3rd ed.
Sheadings—A riding, tithing, or division in the Isle of Man, where the whole island is divided into six sheadings, in each of which there is a coroner or chief constable appointed by a delivery of a rod at the Tinewald court or annual convention. King, Isle of Man. 7. Blacks 3rd ed.
Riding—Where a county or shire was divided into three intermediate jurisdictions, they were called trithings and were anciently governed by a trithing-reeve. Having survived in the county of York, their name became corrupted into ridings; the north, the east, and the west riding. Ballentine 3rd ed.
Tithing—A tenth of a hundred. A hundred was made up of ten tithings, each of which was composed of ten families, and it constituted a governmental district. Ballentine 3rd ed.
Tinewald—The ancient parliament or annual convention in the Isle of Man, held upon Midsummer-day, at St. John’s chapel. Black’s 3rd ed.
This (isle of Man [island of Dr. Moro]) being where the mixing of individuals took place, is also where the judicial districts of tens was lived. [Mexico (Mix-i-co) is were the educating of persons happened, the “ish” person.
Man—A human being. A person of the male sex. A male of the human species above the age of puberty.
Human being—A monster.
Monster—A human-being by birth, but in some part resembling a lower animal. “A monster… hath no inheritable blood, and cannot be heir to any land, albeit it be brought forth in marriage; but, although it hath deformity in any part of its body, yet if it hath human shape, it may be heir. Ballentine 3rd ed.
Sex—The physical difference between male and female in animals.
In the human species the male is calledman, and the femalewoman.
Human— Of, relating to, orcharacteristic of human beings. A person.
Species— A sort, a kind, a class subordinate to a genus, which is a class embracing many species. The expression “an animal of the horse species” would, therefore, only include the animals known as stallions, geldings, mares, fillies and colts. Ballentine 3rd ed.
Male—Of the masculinesex; of the sex that begets young; the sexopposed to the female.
The genus, the “ish” one, a noble. While the man is but a monster.
In all the dictionaries I have searched I have not been unsuccessful in finding the tern England. But, as often the case one can get the meaning from terms of like kind:
English— Of, pertaining to, derived from, or characteristic of England and its inhabitants. The people of
England. The Germanic language of the people of Britain, the United States, and many other
countries.
Citizen—Free persons of color, born in the United States were always regarded as citizens; but the child of a member of one of the Indian tribes within the United States is not a citizen though born in the United States; and although the parents have given up their tribal relations they cannot become citizens until they are first naturalized; the descendants of the aboriginesare not entitled to the rights of citizens. See Supra Bouv.
Supra—Above; over. Bouv.
Color—An appearance, semblance or simulacrum, as distinguished from that which is real. A prima facie or
apparent right. Hence, a deceptive appearance etc..
Also means the dark color of the skin showing the presence of negro blood, and hence it is equivalent to
African descent or parentage. Blacks 3rd ed.
Negro—a black man, one descended from the African race… term “negro” meansnecessarilyperson of color, but not every person of color is “negro”. Blacks 3rd ed.
Free white person—…referred to in Naturalization Act, as amended by Act July 14, 1870, …meaning all persons belonging to the European races then commonly counted as white, and their descendants, includingsuch descendants in other countries to which they have emigrated.
…It includes the mixed Latin, Celtic-Ibreain, and Moorish inhabitants of Spain and Portugal, the mixed Greek, Latin, Phoenician, and North African inhabitants of South Russia. It does not mean Caucasian race, Aryan race, or Indo-European races, nor the mixed Indo-European, Dravidian, Semitic and Mongolian peoples who inhabit Persia. A Syrian of Asiatic birth and descentwill not be entitled to become a naturalized citizen of the United States as being a free white person. Blacks 3rd ed.
Because the “ish” person had Moor blood flowing through their veins, they were termed free white persons. It only makes sense that a white person either free or not is of these persons, therefore a Caucasian.
Caucasian—Pertaining to the white race, to which belong the greater part of European nations and those of western Asia. The term is inapplicable to denote families or stocks inhabitingEurope, and speaking either the so-called Aryan or Semitic languages. Blacks 3rd ed.
White Race—Within the meaning of the Mississippi Constitution of 1890, § 207, providing that there shall be separate schools for the white and colored races, the Caucasian race; –the term “colored races,” being used in contradiction to the white race, and embracing all other races. Rice v. Gong Lum 139 Miss. 760, 104 So. 105, 107. Blacks 3rd ed.
In American constitutional law the word “state” is applied to the several members of theAmerican Union, while the word “nation” is applied to the whole body of the peopleembraced within the jurisdiction of the federal government. Bouv.
State— government. This word is used in various senses. In its most enlarged sense, it signifies a self-sufficient body of persons united together in one community for the defence of their rights, and to do right and justice to foreigners. In this sense, the state means the whole people united into one body politic; (q. v.) and the state, and the people of the state, are equivalent expressions. 1 Pet. Cond. Rep. 37 to 39; 3 Dall. 93; 2 Dall. 425; 2 Wilson’s Lect. 120; Dane’s Appx. _50, p. 63 1 Story, Const. _361. In a more limited sense, the word `state’ expresses merely the positive or actual organization of the legislative, or judicial powers; thus the actual government of the state is designated by the name of the state; hence the expression, the state has passed such a law, or prohibited such an act. State also means the section of territory occupied by a state, as the state of Pennsylvania.
The term “United States” may be used in any one of several senses. [1]It may be merely the name of a sovereign occupying the position analogous to that of other sovereigns in the family of nations. [2]It may designate the territory over which the sovereignty of the United States extends, or[3]it may be the collective name of the states which are united by and under the Constitution. [Hooven & Allison Co. vs Evatt, 324 U.S. 652 (1945)]
The federal zone over which the sovereignty of the United States2 extends is the District of Columbia, the territories and possessions belonging to Congress, and a limited amount of land within the States of the Union, called federal “enclaves“.
District of Columbia—A portion of the country, originally ten miles square, which was ceded to the United States by the states of Virginia and Maryland, over which the national government has exclusive jurisdiction.
By the word state is also meant, more particularly, one of the commonwealths which form the United States of America, the corporation of the electors – the State of…
The district of Columbia and the territorial districts of the United States, are not states within the meaning of the constitution and of the judiciary act, so as to enable a citizen thereof to sue a citizen of one of the states in the federal courts. 2 Cranch, 445; 1 Wheat. 91.
Family of nations—…is an aggregate of states which as the results of their historical antecedents have inherited a common civilization, and are at a similar level of moral and political opinion. Blacks 7th ed.
Again with definition:
Fimily of nations—…is an aggregate(composed of several) of states (a political community organized under a distinct government recognized and confirmed by its citizens and subjects as a supreme power) which as the results of their historical antecedents(prior in point of time) have inherited a common (capable of being inherited)civilization(a law; …covers several states of society), and are at a similar level of moral (general principals of right conduct) and political opinion(view of government).Blacks 7th ed.
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. This is a state paper issued by the congress of the United States of America, in the name and by the authority of the people, on the fourth day of July, 1776, wherein are set forth:
Certain natural and unalienable rights of man; the uses and purposes of governments the right of the people to institute or to abolish them; the sufferings of the colonies, and their right to withdraw from the tyranny of the king of Great Britain.
The various acts of tyranny of the British Icing.
The petitions for redress of these injuries, and the refusal. to redress them; the recital of an appeal to the people of “Great Britain, and of their being deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity.
An appeal to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of the intentions of the representatives.
A declaration that the United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connexion between them and the state of Great Britain, is and ought to be dissolved.
A pledge by the representatives to each other, of their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor.
Theeffect of this declaration was the establishment of the government of the United States as free and independent and thenceforth the people of Great Britain have been held, as the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends.
However, this was not approved, and thus nothing changed.
United States—The Federal government was created in 1777 by the union of thirteen colonies of Great Britain in “certain articles of confederation and perpetual union,” the first one of which declared that the stile of this confederacyshall be the United States of America.” Each member of the confederacy was denominated a “state.” The confederacy, owing to well-known historical reasons, having proven a failure, a new Constitution was formed in 1787, by “the people of the United States” “for the United States of America,” as its preamble declares. Ballentine 3rd ed.
United States citizen—The words “people of the United States” and “citizens” mean the same thing. They both describe the political bodywho hold the power and conduct the government throughtheirrepresentatives. They are the “sovereign people,” andevery citizen is one of this people, and a constituent member of this sovereignty. Every person born in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, becomes at once a citizen of the United States, and needs no naturalization. A person born outside of the jurisdiction of the United States can only become a citizen by being naturalized. Ballentine 3rd ed.
United Kingdom—Great Britain and Ireland. Ballentine 3rd ed.
Popular use: The occasional and precarious enjoyment of property by the members of society in their individual capacity, without the power to enforce such enjoyment according to law. Bouv.
Popular government: A government wherein the body of the nationkeeps in its own handsthe empire, or the right of command. The government of the United States is such a government. Ballentine 3rd ed.
This body described above is none other than the Moorish of Europe, the mixed bloods who have been given a certain portion of land here on this continent to do trade with the aborigines/Muurs. The face of Europe today is the evidence of the slaughter which took place and displaced those Moors/Kings there, just as it was done here on Turtle Island. The creature “man” then took over. We Washitaw Muurs/Moorish Americans and our British brothers the Moors/Mooes had a civil war amongst each other over the issue of the Caucasian slaves. We Washitaw enslaved no one, but our British brothers did. For they could not see that the Caucasian should be free as they new them in their animal state and could not see them past that. Unless be it by marriage and having no deformity. There are 9 Moorish Presidents before Washington that are noted in history. Washington was the first Caucasian president of the United States. Therefore, even this government was one of Moorish foundation until they were illegally taken over by the Caucasian race who assume power by way of color, thus being defacto. Wahsington – “I cannot tell a lie, I did chop down the cherry tree”. While we fought they plotted. The prisons of Europe were opened for those in them to come here.
Black Person—“Black person,” occurring in Constitution and laws, must be taken in its generic sense as contra-distinguished from white. Blacks 3rd ed.
Negro—The word “negro” means a black man, one descended from the African race, and does not commonly include a mulatto. Blacks 3rd ed
What African race is THE African race of which this Negro is descended from??
I have not found African in the dictionaries of law, therefore we turn to the American Heritage dictionary for further clarification:
African— Of or pertaining to Africa or any of its peoples or languages. A person born or living in Africa.
Afrikaans—A language that developed from 17th century Dutch and is an official languageof the Republic of South Africa.
Afrikaner—An Afrikaans-speaking descendant of the Dutch settlers of South Africa.
Dutch—Of or pertaining to the Netherlands, its inhabitants, or their language. German. The Germans.
The word German comes from the word germ:
germ—A small organic structure or cell from which a new organism may develop. Something that may serve as the basis of further growth or development.
german—Having the same parents, or having the same grandparents on one side.
Note that these two terms are lower case just as they appeared in the dictionary. The term german is also found there but like German. Draw your conclusion.
African descent— … members of the races of Africa or their descendants by intermixture with races constituting free white persons, the negro races referred to being those from which the emancipated slaves in the United States descend. Blacks 3rd ed.
So these germs, Afrikaans, Black persons, monsters, human-beings, have no standing in law, therefore, they went to war with their masters, the Moors. They were governed by Black Codes which they turned and used on their masters and took the names and titles which belonged to these Moors. It appears that the mindset of supremacy is alive and well today. The Moors once ruled the world, it only makes since that a supremacy group are who they encountered that made war with them.
WAR. A contention by force; or the art of paralysing the forces of an enemy.
Public war is either civil or national. Civil war is that which is waged between two parties, citizens or members of the same state or nation. National war is a contestbetween two or more independent nations carried on by au-thority of their respective governments.
In the above term Inhabitant, it mentions the aborigines, being, in general, not citizens of the United States and in the term citizen, identifies them as being alike but separate from the Indians though they were commonly called Indians. Let’s examine:
Tribes—See Five Civilized Nations. Bouv.
Five Civilized Nations—Several of the more powerful Indian tribes occupying the Indian Territory, known as the “five civilized nations”, namely the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks and Siminoles, and the tribes incorporated into these nations… Bouv.
Indian—The name of theaboriginal inhabitants of America. It was ruled that the Cherokee nation in Georgiawas a distinct community. Bouv.
Indian Tribe—A separate and distinct community or body of the aboriginalIndian race of men found in the
*United States.
Several Indian Tribes within the limits of the United States have an organized government. See
Choctaw Nation, Chickasaw Nation, Cherokee Nation.
The policy of congressis to vest in the courts of the Cherokee nation jurisdiction of all
controversies between Indians, or in which a member of the nation is the only party. Bouv.
Distinct—Clear to the senses or mind; easily understood or perceived; plain; unmistakable.
Oklahoma; the most enlightened of the Indian peoples of America. Bouv.
So, according to the terms above, an Indian is one of this separate and distinct body of aboriginal men, and not of all the other Tribes but of a particular body of men called aborigines.
Nation—A people, or aggregation of men, existing in the form of an organized jural society, usually inhabiting a distinct portion of the earth, speaking the same language, using the same customs, possessing historic continuity, and distinguishedfrom other like groups by their racial origin and characteristics, and generally, but not necessarily, living under the same government and sovereignty.
Besides the element of autonomy or self-government, that is, the independence of the community as a whole from the interference of any foreign power in its affairs or any subjection to such power, if is further necessary to the constitution of a nation that it should be an organized jural society, that is, both governing its own members by regular laws and defining and protecting their rights, and respecting the rights and duties which attach to it as a constituent member of the family of nations. Such a society, says Vattel, hasheraffairs and herinterest;she deliberates and takes resolutions in common; thus becoming a moral person, who possesses an understanding and will peculiar toherself, and is susceptible of obligations and rights.
…a nation is destined to form only one state, and that it constitute one indivisible whole.
A free nation is one not subject to a foreign government, whatever the constitution of the state. The nation is a moral body, independent of political revolutions. Because it is constituted by inborn qualities which render it indissoluble.
Foreign Country. A foreign country is any territory (including the air space, territorial waters, seabed, and subsoil) under the sovereignty of a government other than the United States2. It does not include U.S.2 possessions or territories.
National—Pertaining or relating to a nation as a whole. Bouv.
Naturalization—The act by which an alien is made a citizen of the United States of America.
The act of adopting a foreigner and clothing him with all the privileges of a native-born
citizen.
A nation, or the sovereign who represents it, may grant to a strangerthe quality ofa citizen, by
admitting him into the body of the political society. This is called naturalization.
It is believed that every state in the Christendom accords to foreigners , with more or less
restrictions, the right of naturalization, and that each has some positive law or mode of its own
for naturalizing the native-born subjects of other states, without reference to the consent of the
latter for the release of the transfer of the allegiance of such subjects.
The fourteenth amendment to the federal constitution provides that “all persons born or
naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United
States and of the state where in they reside.”
It affirms the ancient rule of citizenship by birth, within the territory, in the allegiance, and
under the protection of the country, including all children here born of resident aliens, with the
exception of the children of foreign sovereigns or their ministers, … children
of members of the Indian tribes owing direct allegiance to theirseveraltribes…
At common law a natural-born subject included every child born in England of alien parents…
It made no difference whether the parents were permanently or only temporary residing in
England.
By act of April 14, 1802, congress has conferred power to naturalize upon state courts
having common-law jurisdiction and a seal and clerk.
…the certificate of naturalization issued by a court of competent jurisdiction is conclusive proof
of the citizenship of the person named therein. ..though not the only proof. The judgment of the
court, like every judgment, has been decided to be complete evidence of its own validity.
When no record can be produced showing the naturalization of a foreigner, naturalization may
be inferred form the fact that for a lone time he voted, held office, and exercised all the rights
and privileges of a citizen.
Allegiance—The tie that binds the citizen to the government, in return for the protection which the government
affords him.
Natural allegiance is that which results from the birth of a person within the territory and
under obedience of the government.
At common law, in England and America, natural allegiance could not be renounced except by
permission of the government.
Expatriation—The voluntary act of abandoning one’s country and becoming the citizen or subject of another.
…the act of July 27, 1868, which declares the right of expatriation to be the inherent right of all people, disavows the claim made by foreign states that naturalized American citizens are still subjects of such states, and extends to such naturalized citizens, whine in foreign countries, the same protection accords to native-born citizens. Since the passage of this act, the United States has entered into treaties with nearly all the nations of Europe by which the contracting powers mutually concede to subjects and citizens the right of expatriation on conditions and under qualifications.
So, for you Washitaw Muurs/Moorish Americans, there is no expatriation because you cannot or are not entitled to be citizens of the United States because you are not entitled to their rights. Yaaee,,, Why, because you are Supra – Above and Over! You are not subject to it, You are the sovereign of the land. You do not get permission from that which is beneath you, you control it as it must only exist for your benefit!
COUNTRY. By country is meant thestate of which one is a member.
Every man’s country is in general the state in which he happens to have been born, though there are some exceptions. See Domicil; Inhabitant. But a man has the natural right to expatriate himself, i. e. to abandon his country, or his right of citizenship acquired by means of naturalization in any country in which he may have taken up his residence. See Allegiance; Citizen; Expatriation. in another sense, country is the same as pais. (q. v.) Bouv.
So these “Negros” who took over, tried to expatriate by drawing up a declaration of independence, which was not honored, thus years later about 1898, they drew up the declaration of white independence which was also denied.
‘White Declaration of Independence’
“First That the time has passed for the intelligent citizens of the community owning 90% of the property and paying taxes in like proportion, to be ruled by negroes.
“Second That we will not tolerate the action of unscrupulous white men in affiliating with the negroes so that by means of their votes they can dominate the intelligent and thrifty element in the community, thus causing business to stagnate and progress to be out of the question.
“Third That the negro has demonstrated by antagonizing our interest in every way, and especially by his ballot, that he is incapable of realizing that his interests are and should be identical with those of the community. …
[Note: they left the Fourth out?]
“Fifth That we propose in the future to give to white men a large part of the employment heretofore given to negroes …
“Sixth We are prepared to treat the negroes with justice and consideration in all matters which do not involve sacrifices of the interest of the intelligent and progressive portion of the community. But are equally prepared now and immediately to enforce what we know to be our rights.
“Seventh That we have been, in our desire for harmony and peace, blinded both to our best interests and our rights. A climax was reached when the negro paper of this city published an article so vile and slanderous that it would in most communities have resulted in the lynching of the editor. We deprecate lynching and yet there is no punishment, provided by the courts, adequate for this offense. We therefore owe it to the people of this community and of this city, as a protection against such license in the future, that the paper known as the “Record” cease to be published and that its editor [Alexander Manly] be banished from this community.”
JURY.A body of men selected according to law, for the purpose of deciding some controversy.
This mode of trial by jury was adopted soon afterthe conquest of England, by William, and was fully established for the trial of civil suits in the reign of Henry II. Crabb’s C. L. 50, 61. Bouv.
[C]ongress must be considered in two distinct characters. In one character as legislating for the states; in the other, as a local legislature for the district. In the latter character, it is admitted, the power of levying direct taxes may be exercised; but, it is contended, for district purposes only, in like manner as the legislature of a state may tax the people of a state for state purposes. Without inquiringat present into the soundness of this distinction, its possible influence on the application in this district of the first article of the constitution, and of several of the amendments, may not be altogether unworthy ofconsideration. [Loughborough vs Blake, 15 U.S. (5 Wheat.) 317 – 5 L.Ed. 98 (1820)]
Uniform Probate Code, Section 1-201(40) defines a federal state: Any state of the United States2, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possessionsubject to the legislative authorityof the United States.
IRC 4612(a)(4)(A): (A) In General. — The term “United States” means the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, any possession of the United States, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. .
(A) any of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Canal Zone, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
When reading the various acts of Congress which had declared various people to be “citizens of the United States”, it is immediately apparent that many are simply declared “citizens of the United States3” while others are declared to be “citizens of the United States2, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States2.” The difference is that the first class of citizen arises when that person is born out of the territorial jurisdiction of the United States2 Government. 3A Am Jur 1420, Aliens and Citizens, explains: “A Person is born subject to the jurisdiction of the United States2, for purposes of acquiring citizenship at birth, if his birth occurs in territory over which the United States2 is sovereign …”
Where you born in a hospital? Do you have a birth certificate? If so,, you’ve been naturalized by aliens. If you be Washitaw, then those documents are null and void.
“A great nation is not conquered until it is first destroyed from within”
This brings me to the conclusion: ALL SO CALLED PEOPLE OF COLOR ARE DESCENDANT MUURS, WE ARE ONE, WHO HAVE BEEN DIVIDED, SO AS TO CONQUER AND DESTROY SO THE OCCUPATION MAY CONTINUE!
Cherokee Timeline
1540-1
0. deSoto “visits” the Cherokee and is supposedly one of the first whites seen by the tribe, although written descriptions of the tribe by the Spanish note the wide range of colors in the tribe, from “negro” (black) to light skinned and “fair,” according to Moyano and Pardo.
These Cherokee were/are of the Washitaw Peoples.
Washitaw Indians
Washitaw, Yamasee, Iroquois, Cherokee
Blackfoot, Pequot & Mohegan
(and/or All Indigenous Aborigines of America)
The statistics state only .05% or 1/2 of 1% of all Indigenous people of North and South America are in existence as a result of Christopher Columbus and his Indo-European travelers’ conquests. If there were 1,000 Indians at the time of Indo-European arrival, what’s left of that number in 2006 are 5 Native Americans. Ninety-five (95%) percent were massacred by Columbus and his Indo-European crews shortly after 1492. Around 1900, it was thought Native Americans were on the brink of extinction with only 250,000 left. I would like to share a picture from my family. This is a picture of a relative who was a Michigan Chippewa Indian from the Reservation in Mt. Pleasant, MI, taken in the 1800’s. It is true that Native Americans harbored runaway slaves, but the lady pictured at the right was already in Michigan before the slaves migrated as free people. I don’t think it matters whether Native Americans are Washitaw or Lumbee from North Carolina or Chippewa from Michigan. All tribes have Black Roots. The phenotypes of Native Americans point to the theories held by Diop and Van Sertima. What this amounts too are further discrepancies in what is written in our history books. Even though the evidence is right here and pushed in a person’s face, there are those who still believe the “Old Guard.”
Have you been to a Pow Wow? I have been and was astonished at all of the Black Native Americans. The pow wows I have attended were in Michigan and Ohio. Those Native Americans did not harbor runaway slaves which led me to believe the following: Black Indians are not solely a result of African slaves mixing with so-called Red Indians who were fleeing from slavery as many documented sources would have you to believe. Black Indians are indigenous to America—North, South, and Central before the so-called Red Man, before the Indo-Europeans, before the so-called Bering Strait crossings. The Olmecs, Washitaw, Moors, Yamasee, Mound Builders planted the seed of civilization in the Americas—Black Indians!”
Otter Belt A Medicine Crow King
Comanche Man Sioux
Skulls shed new light on migration to Americas
Cranial shapes hint at two separate waves of settlers
(Life Science 2005)
It is recorded in history books the first group of people to populate North and South America crossed over from Siberia by way of the Bering Strait on a land-ice bridge. Research by authors like Van Sertima and Rogers have already confirmed what is now considered a new revelation set forth by Indo-Euro-American Scientists. Here we go again—VALIDATION by Indo-Euro-Americans. After examining a collection of South American skulls, research indicates that a different population crossed the bridge to America 3,000 years before that first crossing from Siberia.
Indo-Euro-American Scientists have now discovered skulls in South America that look like indigenous Australians, Melanesians and Sub-Saharan Africans more than Northern Asians—THE GIANT OLEMEC HEADS CAME FROM—WAKE UP! Scientists compared 81 skulls from the Lagoa Santa Region of Brazil to worldwide data on human variation.
The information indicates the skulls — dating between 7,500 and 11,000 years ago — were not anomalies but supports the hypothesis that two distinct populations colonized the Americas. The skulls of Aboriginal of America and Northern Asians generally feature short, wide craniums, a broader face and high, narrow eye sockets and noses. This particular collection is remarkably different.
The skulls belonging to the earliest known South Americans — the Paleo-Indians — had long, narrow craniums, projecting jaws and low, broad eye sockets and noses. Drastically different from aboriginal America Indians, these skulls appear more similar to modern Australians, Melanesians and sub-Saharan Africans.
Over 200,000 ancient pyramids and huge mounds of the Earth in the shape of cones, animals and geometric designs can still be found from the southern coast of America to Canada. These structures were built by people known as “The Mound Builders.” They were dark-skinned woolly-haired Blacks who were aboriginal to North America and kin to the Olmecs of South America.
During Pangea, the Afrikan and American continents were joined. The Black Mound Builders were the Washitaw-Muurs (Ouachita-Moors), the ORIGINAL inhabitants of North and South America. Columbus was not entirely wrong in calling these people “Indians”! The true meaning of word “Indian” is (“INDI” meaning black, as in INDIa ink, hINDu and INDIgo the darkest color of the color spectrum). The massive remains of this ancient BLACK civilization /empire still stand in both North and South America.
Ivan Van Sertima writes about the reported: “Evidence for black-skinned natives in the Americas long before the arrival of Columbus Ancient American Magazine (Issue 17), From the distinctly Negroid features of colossal Olmec sculpted heads and a pre-Aztec obsidian bowl being upheld by a figure with unmistakably black characteristics, to the bones of Negroid persons excavated from a 2,000 year-old mound in northern Wisconsin, a wealth of material exists to establish the certainty of non-Caucasian, non-Indian population living in pre-Columbian America along with these other groups.” Many Mound Builders were huge; their ancient skeletons were often 7 to 8 feet. The only other living people on Earth this tall are another group of Blacks, the Massai of Afrika.
Many details are available in “Return of the Ancient Ones,” a book by the Empress of the Washitaw, Verdiacee ‘Tiari’ Washitaw-Turner Goston El-Bey. She is the Empress and Head of the present-day Washitaw Nation in Louisiana, which is recognized by the United Nations.
The earliest people in the Americas were people of the Negritic African race. About 30,000 years ago a worldwide maritime undertaking included journeys from the Sahara towards the Indian Ocean and the Pacific, and from West Africa across the Atlantic Ocean towards the Americas. According to the Gladwin Thesis, (outlined on http://RaceandHistory.com) this ancient journey occurred, particularly about 75,000 years ago and included so called Black Pygmies, Black Negritic peoples and Black Australoids similar to the Aboriginal Black people of Australia and parts of Asia, including India.
Ancient ABORIGINAL Moor Nations of America before and after Columbus include:
0. The Washitaw of the Louisiana/Midwest
0. The Yamasee of the South East
0. The Iroquois
0. The Cherokee Indians
0. The Blackfoot Indians
0. The Pequot and Mohegans of Connecticut
0. The Black Californians (Calafians) (CAL in CALifornia literally means BLAK, after the name of
0. the Great Mamma KALi / Queen KALifa)
0. The Olmecs of Mexico
0.
The Darienite of Panama – A number of Black Negroid Peoples are mentioned in the works of I. Rafinesque (“Black Nations of America,” Atlantic Journal and Friend Knowledge; Philadelphia 1832; p. 86: Also I. Rafinesque, pgs. 121, 186, 187, 194, 208, 209). Rafinesque was a naturalist who explored and took accurate documentation of his works through out the U.S. In mentioning Negroes, Blacks, Moors, Ethiopians….explorers such as Rafinesque referred to Negro Black Africans, not dark skinned “Indians.”
INGO HEAD IN 14TH CENTURY An early Black Californian, a member of the
MEXICO. original Black aboriginal people of
MADE BY THE MIXTECS California and the South Western U.S.
THE WASHITAW PEOPLE
The Oldest Indigenous Peoples On Earth The Washitaw de Muu & The Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah WASHITAW MUURS – THE ORIGINAL AMA-ZON WOMEN
On the 2nd of Muu, ( twenty five thousand years ago ), the Washitaw people decided to leave their native land of Muu. Muu had become decadent and power hungry, but the Washitaw were a peaceful, righteous and honorable family. A matriarchal society since the time of the Empress Ismaale’. The Great Amazon warrior of Muu, it is estimated that her reign began some one hundred thousand years ago. The ancient Washitaw were musicians, historians, herbalists and architects. Their reputations reached far and near. After millennia of spiritual and physical wealth and abundance, wars and significant differences began to occur between neighbors. Forbidden technological powers were used to destroy one another.
The Washitaw Empire has been traditionally been ruled by intuitive and spiritual women with the bloodline dating back to “The Great Empress” Ismaale’ of Muu Proper.
Empress Ui Ua, the new leader of the Washitaw de 2nd of Muu had very powerful intuitive powers. She saw the impending doom for her homeland (Muu). She began to send the architects and their families East to the Holy Land called Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah to survey and construct living quarters, business offices, burial chambers and a National Infrastructure for the coming migration of the Washitaw multitudes. Thus, the pyramids and mounds of Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah (now known as the U.S.A) were constructed. Mounds and pyramids can be found throughout the Ohio Valley, the Tennessee valley, the Mississippi Valley and in the Grand Canyon.
We are the aborigines, or as Lewis and Clark called us, the black and brown, bushy-headed original inhabitants of North America. The Washitaw and Tunica families carry the Emperial bloodline.
The Caucasians took control of our lives and forced us to take on the names Washington and Turner.
Washitaw in English is “The Green Land”.
In the ancient hieroglyphics of Kemit (Egypt) The Green Land” was Uatchita (the original name for the Nile Delta).
The Washitaw Empire has a legacy of over 100.000 years of rulership by Empresses. Her Majestic Highness Verdiacee Tiara Washitaw-Turner (Tunica) Goston El-Bey is the reigning Empress of the Washitaw Muur Nation. She is the legal heir to the Maison Rouge land grants that were skillfully willed to her great-grandfather Henry Turner, son of the Marquis Maison Rouge.
The Marquis Joseph de Maison Rouge was the child of French nobility who was rescued by the Baron de Bastrop during the French Revolution The King of Spain, uncle of the Maison Rouge made the deal to transport his nephew to the “new world” for fear of his life.
While exiled here in Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah, the Marquis married into the Emperial family of the Washitaw. Being a knight in the order of the religion of St. John, his marriage could never be accepted by the Roman Catholic church. Henry Turner was the child of the Marquis de Maison Rouge and the Empress Ayahmareeyah. After the Marquis’ death, Henry Turner recovered all the titles to his father’s land.
Empress Delphi Kimm Washington-Washitaw (1849-1966) reigned during the turbulent years of legal land reclamation.
Many accounts confuse us as descendants of the Mongolians and Siberians who invaded from across the Bering Strait. Yet our oral traditions tell us we have been in Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah for at least 25,000 years and we fought long and bitter wars against those killing machines from the east. When the creature man arrived the wars were 2000 years old. The Caucasian (the Creature Man), the Mongolian and Siberian (later known as the Red Man) joined forces to attempt the complete destruction and obliteration of the Black and Brown Washitaw and Tunica people. The Great War goes on to this day.
We black and brown and white and red people living right here on this land must wake up to the lies that have encrusted us with totally fabricated misinformation as a foundation for all the assumptions that we as human beings instinctively make.
The Name of this land called The United States of America is Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah
The Ancient Ones
Over 11,500 years ago,
Before the United States,
Prior to the British Empire,
Before Columbus’ “discovery” of “America”,
Before the Dark Age of Europe,
Prior to the births of Mohammed or Jesus,
Predating the Roman and Greek Empires,
Before King Tutankhamun was a twinkle in his mother’s eye,
There existed a civilization in the “New World” known as Empire Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah. It is for this reason that the Washitaw People have been recognized as the “Oldest Indigenous People on Earth” !
Originally the race of dark-skinned aborigines of Mu. The Washitaw once inhabited lands now beneath water or raised upon mountains by natures forces. They are most notably recognized as the peoples who constructed the earthen mounds and stone pyramids of North, Central and South “America”. They are the parent of all mound build_ing and pyramid building cultures – worldwide.
For millennia, the Washitaw peoples lived in relative peace. This statement does not and is not meant to imply that there was never a dispute or that people never fought, but the Empire, ruled by its hereditary Empresses, survived any and all civil incursions.
1492 c.e. – Though other Caucasians had long before “found” the “New World”, Columbus is generally given credit for “discovering” the continent. Beyond the fact that what he landed on were only barrier islands (no, he never came to the mainland), his “discovery” was not a surprise to the millions of inhabitants of these great land masses, nor his navigator who had the already ancient map of how to get here.
Upon what is commonly known as the “Americas” was a thriving Empire. All the races had a presence and a place. The “tribes” were a series of nation-states, family groups, or colonies which were residing within the Empire and under the rule of its hereditary Empresses. Trade thrived across the three continents – commercialism at its best. The Washitaw were, generally, a peaceful people (though as with all gatherings of human beings, disagreements and occasional greed did occur). As an Empire, there was no military and no police force – only those designated to deal with the safety and security of the Empire.
With Columbus’ arrival, however, this peaceful Empire would be torn apart – but not destroyed.
The Caucasians’ incursions into Emperial Territory began bloody and that bloodshed has not abated. Columbus himself began it with his mis-use and abuse of the aboriginal people to support the Caucasians’ greed for gold. This expanded with later “explorers” and “conquerors” who could never sate their lust for gold, new and rare woods, tobacco, furs and other goods found only within the Washitaw Empire. These “explorers” eventually even had the audacity to enslave the aborigninal peoples and to start laying claim to these lands for the Indo-European (Cacasian) Nations despite the fact that all the land was widely recognized as owned by the Empress of the Washitaw.
Eventually, Indo-European monarchs saw a way to rid themselves of some of their unwanted subjects. They would lay claim to a piece of Washitaw land (either by claiming a relatively empty piece of land – or more often murdering its indigenous inhabitants) and then empty their debtor’s prisons or chase away unwanted religious or other creatures. The Georgia colony (no relation to the location “claimed“ today), for example, was a penal colony – used to empty England’s debtor’s prisons. Other areas were settled by “Puritans” who left England because they could not expound their own brand of theology on all who surrounded them. These so-called colonies (limited to 50 square miles of land each) never owned the lands they were squatting on; and ALL were confined to the area then known as “New England”.
A few came because they saw a chance at quick wealth; and would get it no matter the cost to the lives of the indigenous native population or the land’s resources…which continues to this day.
These people and their Monarchs settled themselves and colonized these Washitaw lands without treating with the land-owner (The Empress of the Washitaw), without any formal agreement. They claimed, after the fact, to have bought land from the indigenous aboriginal populations, though they were well aware these populations didn’t even own the land themselves – they only leased it from The Empress, the Lawful land owner! More simply put, these “colonists” were the homeless, outcasts and outlaws of foreign continents who, having set up their tents and planted their flags on the Private Lands of the Empress of the Washitaw, decided that because they were there and had superior weapons and were willing and ready to kill the indigenous aboringinal population and were “superior” (in their somewhat deranged logic), they had the right to take all that surrounded them – even if that meant genocide. A logic and activity which continues to this day.
Ultimately two monarchs diverged along two completely different paths—one forcing, the other securing a place within the Washitaw Empire borders, and keeping themselves on Washitaw lands.
England’s George III saw a great opportunity. The alleged crown “colonies” of the “New World” were in an uproar over what they saw as mal-treatment by the English parliament (recall “Taxation Without Representation”). Revolution was brewing and George saw a way to make it pay profits to himself and his descendants; and use Washitaw to fight Washitaw. Playing on the greed of some Washitaw tribes; and with the assistance of several leaders within his colonies, George initiated a plan for the murder of the aboriginal Washitaw peoples and occupation of the Washitaw Emperial lands.
First, George played himself and Parliament against his colonies. In the “war” which ensued, he hired Hessan (German) mercenaries to fight (to minimize British casualties). He also managed to get both sides to hire so-called “Indians” (traitors of the Washitaw Empire) to fight against their two sides and each other – further reducing the aboriginal indigenous population.
Finally, after his alleged “colonies” had declared “independence” he arranged it so that this new “united states of America” placed within their own by-laws (the so-called Articles of Confederation, alleged Declaration of Independence and Corporate Charter known as The Constitution for the United States of America 1787) phrases preserving the obligations of contracts made prior to the “revolution”. Since all the colonies existed by contract with their King and since all trade from and to those colonies was by contract with their King, the ultimate outcome was that the colonies were newly named and no longer subject to Parliament; but, were instead “corporations” in the sole ownership of George, his family and descendants.
The French monarchy took a somewhat different approach. Early on, the French, English, Portuguese, Spanish and others with an interest in this “New World” all took about the same approach. Take what they want, kill whoever gets in the way..
The product of the English path we’ve already seen. The French direction changed with the reign of Louis XVI. Louis was interested in neither politics nor capable of dealing with the revolution which engulfed his reign and himself. Focused on his family and his leisure activities, he failed to deal effectively with the mounting financial crisis which ultimately brought an end to his reign and himself.
His son, Louis XVII, born 27 March 1785, was proclaimed King by royalist exiles after the January 1793 execution of his father.
The second son of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, he became heir to the French throne upon the death of his elder brother in 1789.
After the monarchy’s overthrow in 1792, he was imprisoned with his family. In July 1793 he was taken from his family and, for a brief time, placed in the care of one Antoine Simon, a shoemaker.
Ultimately, with the aide of the Baron de Bastrop, of Spain, and his Uncles, King Louis XVIII of France (in exile in Rome) and King Charles IV of Spain, he was smuggled from France to the so-called “Louisiana Territory” on Emperial Washitaw lands. There he married Empress Ayimareeyah of the Washitaw Empire.
Unfortunately the British Crown and its possession, the corporate United States, found that through deception, intrigue, fraud, mis- and dis-information they could keep the heirs of the French & Washitaw match from their rightful inheritance.
Among the frauds perpetrated by the British Crown, its possession the United States, the “States”, and their agents – witting and unwitting (including, unfortunately, traitors from the Washitaw and some of its tribes/clans/states/families/provinces) are:
Ø A concerted effort to claim that all inhabitants of these continents crossed the Bering Strait (this fiction has continued despite archaeological and carbon date evidence that complex civilization here predated this “land bridge” and all European “civilization“).
“The Washitaw and Tunica families carry the Emperial bloodline. After the U.S. came into our land, these names were altered to Washington and Turner. They also changed the spelling of WASHITAW to OUACHITA, a European misnomer that retained the pronunciation of the original name. The term ‘Washitaw’, colloquially, has come to mean ANCIENT ONES or the Black ones. Clearly printed on the original maps of the Spanish land grants, the river name Rio Negro (river of the Blacks) is simultaneously labeled Rio Ouachita (river of the Washitaw). In the Egyptian (Kemetic) hieroglyphic dictionary, Washitaw appears as WST (USHAUTI, WSHAUTI) AND SBT (SHABTI, SHABAZZ). Pre-Mayan spellings were UAXACTUN / UAXASAKTUN (WAH-HANK-TOON or WAH-SHAK-TOON).
Taken from We Are The Washitaw compiled by Umar Shabazz Bey. Copyright 1996, Washitaw Publishing Company, Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah.”
Disclaimer: This should NOT be construed to mean that all Washitaw were/are black or brown, as has been done in recent years by some self-serving black or brown people.
The Washitaw people are of ALL racial colors and characteristics. Just because the Washitaw Empress is of black skin color (though she carries the blood of many races), some have sought to exploit Her Emperial Highness’ skin color for their own ignorant, misguided, political and greed-motivated agendas.
Further, a concerted effort was made to kill or subjugate the indigenous native populations regardless of their skin color. Most of the indigenous light-skinned population slowly integrated themselves into Indo-European society, forsaking their heritage in an effort to survive. A large part of the indigenous population – the “Asian” and mixed race peoples often referred to as the “red man” has been all too well documented.
However, the dark-skinned peoples, including the Washitaw Emperial families underwent the most insidious treatment. By mixing those who were not killed outright with a relatively small number of captives brought from the continent of Africa; by losing and/or destroying records of family lineage; by propagating the myth that all slaves had come from Africa – most of the descendants of the noble Washitaw culture and civilization had their heritage literally erased from their memories. The Indo-Europeans, who never wanted to believe in a culture or civilization equal to – let alone surpassing – their own, were more than happy to go along with these atrocities and myths.
It has taken the reigning hereditary Empress of the Washitaw the majority of Her life to this point to pull together the documentary evidence to prove what She has known from childhood: that the land presently known as North, Central and South America were and are the private property of Her Emperial Highness, held in Sovereign Trust from the Creator by the hereditary Empresses of the Empire Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah for the Washitaw peoples.
Slowly, painstakingly, and despite continuing efforts by the corporate United States, its subsidiary corporate “States” and its witting and yet unwitting agents, She is regaining control of Her land and sovereignty of and for Her People which includes all those born upon the lands of the Empire Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah. Through the Law of Love, Truth, Peace, Freedom and Justice, in the path of Natural Law, and with the help of the Creator, the Empire Washitaw de Dugdahmoundyah – this hidden Nation – is rising from the ashes.
Emperial Law
Emperial Law is not, at present, “codified“. Codification carries with it it’s own dangers (which the courts in the corporate united States and States have proven time and again) as the letter of the Law and/or corrupt “officials” override the spirit of the law. When a small technicality in procedure can override law and cause the dismissal of an important case; Truth and Justice have been left behind. However, this fact, some of the basic tenets of and principals of law have been proclaimed even as case law is now being written.
The five basic principals of Natural Law upon which all Emperial Law is based are:
Love
Truth
Peace
Freedom
Justice
It is upon these in their pure forms that all activities within Washitaw are to progress. Further principals which have been laid down include:
Þ No discrimination in any form on the basis of race, gender, sexual orientation, age, religion or the lack thereof, spiritual beliefs or the lack thereof, political views or the lack thereof, nationality, ethnic or cultural background, creed or any other difference which does now or may in the future create a distinction between human beings is permitted. This extends to all areas of life.
Þ All people are innocent until proven guilty in an Emperial and/or International Court of Law.
Þ Violations of any Law in the alleged upholding or “enforcement” of the Law is considered a criminal act, treated and subject to the same justice.
Þ Any interference in the lives, property, business or other activities of any Washitaw Citizen/citizen by a non-Washitaw governmental “authority” is prohibited.
Þ Espionage in any form against the Government of the Empire, any Washitaw Citizen/citizen, their property or business is forbidden.
Þ No sales or other taxes, duties, imposts, governmental fees, etc. shall be applicable with the borders of the Empire and to Washitaw Citizens except those specifically imposed by the Emperial government.
Ones must go back to their roots, trace ones genealogy and claim their birthrights from their ancestors. If you are not of the Washitaw nation of families, then you have no lawful claim to land here on this continent called Turtle Island. Know your roots. | 2024-07-10T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9904 |
<UserControl x:Class="Samba.Modules.EntityModule.EntitySearchView"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:FlexButton="clr-namespace:FlexButton;assembly=FlexButton"
xmlns:ListViewEx="clr-namespace:Samba.Presentation.Controls.ListViewEx;assembly=Samba.Presentation.Controls"
xmlns:ListViewLM="clr-namespace:Samba.Presentation.Controls.ListViewLM;assembly=Samba.Presentation.Controls"
xmlns:VirtualKeyboard="clr-namespace:Samba.Presentation.Controls.VirtualKeyboard;assembly=Samba.Presentation.Controls"
mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300" FontSize="20" Loaded="UserControl_Loaded" Unloaded="UserControl_Unloaded">
<Grid Name="MainGrid">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="7*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" MinWidth="80" MaxWidth="300"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="auto" />
<RowDefinition Height="*" Name="ContentRow" MinHeight="50"/>
<RowDefinition Height="auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*" Name="KeyboardRow" MinHeight="10"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Margin="2">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="auto"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<TextBlock Margin="3" FontSize="30" Grid.Column="0" Text="{Binding SearchLabel}" />
<TextBox Margin="3,3,0,3" FontSize="30" Grid.Column="1" Name="SearchString"
Text="{Binding SearchString,Mode=TwoWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"
PreviewKeyDown="SearchStringPreviewKeyDown" Loaded="SearchStringLoaded" />
<FlexButton:FlexButton Grid.Column="2" Margin="0,3,3,3" Content="X" MinWidth="50" Click="FlexButtonClick" />
</Grid>
<ListView Name="MainListView" Grid.Row="1" Margin="5,0,5,0" Background="LightGray" VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing="True"
IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" ListViewEx:ListViewSorter.IsListviewSortable="True"
ListViewLM:ListViewLayoutManager.Enabled="True" ItemsSource="{Binding FoundEntities}"
SelectedItem="{Binding FocusedEntity,Mode=TwoWay}" ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource ListViewItemExContainerStyle}">
<ListView.View>
<GridView AllowsColumnReorder="False" ColumnHeaderContainerStyle="{StaticResource BlueBackground}"
ColumnHeaderTemplate="{StaticResource WrappedHeaderTemplate}">
<GridViewColumn Header="{Binding PrimaryFieldName}" ListViewLM:ProportionalColumn.Width="2">
<GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding NameDisplay}" />
</DataTemplate>
</GridViewColumn.CellTemplate>
</GridViewColumn>
</GridView>
</ListView.View>
</ListView>
<GridSplitter Name="Splitter" Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="2" Height="5" VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"
ResizeBehavior="PreviousAndNext" ResizeDirection="Rows" MouseDoubleClick="GridSplitter_MouseDoubleClick" Background="Transparent"/>
<VirtualKeyboard:KeyboardView3 Name="Keyboard" Margin="5,0,5,5" Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="3"/>
<StackPanel MinWidth="50" Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" Grid.RowSpan="4" Background="LightGray">
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding SelectEntityCommandCaption}"
Command="{Binding SelectEntityCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsEntitySelectorVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding EditEntityCommandCaption}"
Command="{Binding EditEntityCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsEditEntityCommandVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding CreateEntityCommandCaption}"
Command="{Binding CreateEntityCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsCreateEntityCommandVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding RemoveEntityCommandCaption}"
Command="{Binding RemoveEntityCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsEntitySelectorVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding DisplayAccountCommand.Caption}"
Command="{Binding DisplayAccountCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsDisplayAccountCommandVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
<FlexButton:FlexButton Margin="2" Height="60" Content="{Binding DisplayInventoryCommand.Caption}"
Command="{Binding DisplayInventoryCommand}"
Visibility="{Binding IsInventorySelectorVisible,Converter={StaticResource VisibilityConverter}}"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
| 2023-10-17T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2018 |
Army Air Corps Lynx AH7
Nearing the end of its service life as the new Wildcat arrives, the Lynx AH7 is a true workhorse of the Army Air Corps. Although now largely replaced by the Apache in the attack role, the Westland-built AH7 variant of the outstandingly fast and agile multi-role Lynx helicopter continues to fulfil utility duties, and an important training function with 671 Squadron of the Army Aviation Centre at Middle Wallop. One of that unit's pilots will demonstrate the considerable aerobatic attributes of the Army Lynx at RIAT 2014, the AH7 version with its skid undercarriage being the only British military helicopter cleared to perform loops, rolls and 'backflips'. | 2023-08-29T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9820 |
Malaria & Safety – Sabi Sands
Philip lives in South Africa and is the author many guidebooks to African destinations, including the Bradt and Insight guide to South Africa.
Philip lives in South Africa and is the author many Africa guidebooks, including the Bradt and Insight guide to South Africa.
Philip is the author of many Africa guidebooks, including the Bradt and Insight guides to South Africa.
Philip is the author of the Bradt and Insight guides to South Africa.
Safety
Travel within most parks and reserves in South Africa can be done safely in our opinion, as is the case with Sabi Sand. Most of the people you will come across are people who are there to ensure your safari is a good one: staff of the reserves and tour operators. The rest will likely be fellow tourists.
Johannesburg
When arriving from abroad, travel to Sabi Sand is done through Johannesburg in most cases. Crime and carjacking have both been problems here. Although the chance of an incident is very small, you should practice caution and make sensible choices (see links below). The airport itself is actually located well outside of Johannesburg so a stay in, or drive through, the city can be easily avoided when traveling to Sabi Sand.
Malaria & Vaccinations
The wet summer months pose a very slight chance of malaria, as Sabi Sands lies in a malaria zone. Measures should be taken to protect yourself, in the form of using mosquito repellent (containing at least 30% DEET) and taking antimalarials, if you will be visiting at this time. Travel to South Africa, including Sabi Sand, requires several vaccinations.
Wildlife Viewing
There are certain risks involved when viewing wildlife, but these can be easily avoided by listening to the instruction of your guide. Following the 'wildlife viewing safety precautions' below, will also help.
About SafariBookings
SafariBookings is the largest online marketplace for African safari tours. Easily compare offers from 2,938 specialized tour operators. Make decisions like a pro by using our 45,337 reviews and 177 destination guides. More About Us | 2024-02-22T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6817 |
This application makes reference to, incorporates the same herein, and claims all benefits accruing under 35 U.S.C. xc2xa7119 arising from an application entitled, METHOD OFR INTERFACING RATE ADAPTATION PROCESSING UNIT AND BOARD MESSENGER PROCESSING UNIT IN A WIRELESS DATA COMMUNICATION PROCESSING APPARATUS, earlier filed in the Korean Industrial Property Office on Sep. 4, 1998, and there duly assigned Serial No. 1998-36455.
The present invention relates to a method for interfacing a rate adaptation-processing unit (RAPU) and a board messenger-processing unit (BMPU) in a wireless data communication apparatus, and more particularly, it relates to a method for reducing the load on the CPU to be processed and for minimizing inefficient memory usage by the communication protocols.
FIG. 1 depicts a method used in the prior art for interfacing a rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) (10) and a board messenger processing unit (BMPU) (20). The respective RAPU (10) and BMPU (20) represents two different packet data units (PDUs) of two different systems, such as found in IWF system having a wireless subscriber unit and a wired subscriber unit. When the data is transferred between these two different systems, the process of data transfer is made in accordance with FIG. 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, a rate adaptation receiving unit (RARU) (11) of a RAPU (10) processes the data received via a rate adaptation (RA) interface (RAI) using the RA protocol (RAP) disposed therein. In order to transmit the processed data according to the RA protocol to the board messenger transmitting unit (BMTU) (21) of the BMPU (20), the whole processed data, including the common header and the data information, is duplicated in another buffer and transmitted to the board messenger transmitting unit (BMTU) (21) of the BMPU (20).
Similarly, when the data is processed by BM protocol and transmitted to a rate adaptation transmitting unit (RATU) (12) of the RAPU (10), the whole processed data is duplicated in another buffer and transmitted when the data transfer is made from the board messenger receiving unit (BMRU) (22) of the BMPU (20).
In prior art, after the transformation by the respective protocol in two different systems, the whole data are duplicated in another buffer during the data interfacing of the RAPU (10) and the BMPU (20) therebetween. As a result, the load on CPU is increased due to repetitive duplication of the whole transferring data in another buffer when the data is exchanged between two different processing units of two different systems. Thus, the memory is used inefficiently due to such repetitive duplication of the data into another buffer.
One of the objects in according to the present invention is to provide a method for interfacing a rate adaptation-processing unit (RAPU) and a board messenger-processing unit (BMPU) therebetween in a wireless data communication processing units.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce the size of data duplication required when RAPU interfaces BMPU or when BMPU interfaces RAPU, by forming a common header offset, which can be used commonly by either a rate adaptation protocol and a board messenger protocol when the interfacing is performed between the RAPU and the BMPU.
A first preferred embodiment of a method for interfacing a rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) and a board messenger processing unit (BMPU) in a wireless data communication processing apparatus, the method includes the steps of:
in response to a group of protocol data (PD) transferred from one communication system to another communication system, forming a common header field having a rate adaptation (RA) header and a board message (BM) header and a data field in a predetermined area of a data buffer, wherein the common header field is commonly shared by a rate adaptation (RA) protocol and a board message (BM) protocol;
setting a protocol offset for the RA header and the BM header in a predetermined area of the common header field to designate the start of the RA header and the BM header, and setting the first address of each the RA header and the BM header by a message pointer, respectively, to indicate the beginning point for receiving the group of the protocol data in the data buffer;
processing the common header field by either the rate adaptation processing unit or the board message processing unit for transmission, depending on flow direction of the group of the protocol data between the one communication system and the another communication system; and,
transmitting the processed common header field and the data field via a queue interface disposed between the rate adaptation processing (RAPU) and the board messenger processing unit (BMPU), and thereafter locating the message pointer at the first address of the common header for receiving next set of the protocol data in the data buffer.
A second preferred embodiment of a method for interfacing a rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) and a board messenger processing unit (BMPU) in a wireless data communication processing apparatus according to the present invention, the method includes the steps of:
receiving a group of protocol data (PD) in a rate adaptation-receiving unit (RARU) of the rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) via a rate adaptation interface (RAI);
allocating a data buffer according to the received protocol data;
forming a common header field having a rate adaptation (RA) header and a board message (BM) header and a data field in a predetermined area of the data buffer, wherein the common header field is commonly shared by a rate adaptation (RA) protocol and a board message (BM) protocol;
setting a protocol offset for the RA header and the BM header in a predetermined area of the common header field to designate the start of the RA header and the BM header, and setting the first address of each the RA header and the BM header by a message pointer, respectively, to indicate the beginning point for receiving the group of the protocol data in the data buffer;
processing only the RA header starting from the first address of the RA header indicated by the RA pointer by the rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) for transmission;
transmitting the processed RA header of the common header field and the data field via a queue interface disposed between the rate adaptation processing (RAPU) and the board messenger processing unit (BMPU);
processing only the BM header starting from the first address of the BM header indicated by the BM pointer by the board messenger processing unit (BMPU) for transmission;
transmitting the processed BM header of the common header field and the data field via a board messenger interface; and,
locating the BM pointer at the first address of the common header for receiving a next set of protocol data from the rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) via the queue interface.
A third preferred embodiment of a method for interfacing a rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU) and a board messenger processing unit (BMPU) in a wireless data communication processing apparatus according to the present invention, the method includes the steps of:
receiving a group of protocol data (PD) in a board messenger receiving unit (BMRU) of the board messenger processing unit (BMPU) via a board messenger interface (BMI);
allocating a data buffer according to the received protocol data;
forming a common header field having a rate adaptation (RA) header and a board message (BM) header and a data field in a predetermined area of the data buffer, wherein the common header field is commonly shared by a rate adaptation (RA) protocol and a board message (BM) protocol;
setting a protocol offset for the RA header and the BM header in a predetermined area of the common header field to designate the start of the RA header and the BM header, and setting the first address of each the RA header and the BM header by a message pointer, respectively, to indicate the beginning point for receiving the group of the protocol data in the data buffer;
processing only the BM header starting from the first address of the BM header indicated by the BM pointer by the board messenger processing unit (BMPU) for transmission;
transmitting the processed BM header of the common header field and the data field via a queue interface disposed between the rate adaptation processing (RAPU) and the board messenger processing unit (BMPU);
processing only the RA header starting from the first address of RA header indicated by the RA pointer by the rate adaptation processing unit (RAPU);
transmitting the RA header of the common header field and the data field via a rate adaptation interface; and,
locating the RA pointer at the first address of the common header for receiving a next set of protocol data from the board messenger processing unit. | 2024-01-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8224 |
// Jest Snapshot v1, https://goo.gl/fbAQLP
exports[`comments type-assertion-regression-test.src 1`] = `
Object {
"body": Array [
Object {
"declarations": Array [
Object {
"id": Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 9,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 6,
"line": 1,
},
},
"name": "foo",
"range": Array [
6,
9,
],
"type": "Identifier",
},
"init": Object {
"expression": Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 2,
"line": 2,
},
},
"name": "bar",
"range": Array [
28,
31,
],
"type": "Identifier",
},
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 12,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
12,
31,
],
"type": "TSTypeAssertion",
"typeAnnotation": Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 16,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 13,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
13,
16,
],
"type": "TSTypeReference",
"typeName": Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 16,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 13,
"line": 1,
},
},
"name": "Foo",
"range": Array [
13,
16,
],
"type": "Identifier",
},
"typeParameters": undefined,
},
},
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 6,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
6,
31,
],
"type": "VariableDeclarator",
},
],
"kind": "const",
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 6,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 0,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
0,
32,
],
"type": "VariableDeclaration",
},
],
"comments": Array [
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 25,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 18,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
18,
25,
],
"type": "Line",
"value": " test",
},
],
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 0,
"line": 3,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 0,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
0,
33,
],
"sourceType": "script",
"tokens": Array [
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 0,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
0,
5,
],
"type": "Keyword",
"value": "const",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 9,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 6,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
6,
9,
],
"type": "Identifier",
"value": "foo",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 11,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 10,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
10,
11,
],
"type": "Punctuator",
"value": "=",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 13,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 12,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
12,
13,
],
"type": "Punctuator",
"value": "<",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 16,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 13,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
13,
16,
],
"type": "Identifier",
"value": "Foo",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 17,
"line": 1,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 16,
"line": 1,
},
},
"range": Array [
16,
17,
],
"type": "Punctuator",
"value": ">",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 2,
"line": 2,
},
},
"range": Array [
28,
31,
],
"type": "Identifier",
"value": "bar",
},
Object {
"loc": Object {
"end": Object {
"column": 6,
"line": 2,
},
"start": Object {
"column": 5,
"line": 2,
},
},
"range": Array [
31,
32,
],
"type": "Punctuator",
"value": ";",
},
],
"type": "Program",
}
`;
| 2023-10-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4638 |
Why can’t the democratic”elected” politicians leave the President alone help make America strong?
The reason is simple they will never regain control of the White House and the only way to get there is by distracting our President and bringing more illegals into our country!
They will destroy America just to put Trump down.
Today on Fox and Friends Sarah Huckabee Sanders renewed the administration’s rebuke of Congressional investigations:
“It is an absolute embarrassment members of Congress are using all their time and resources into attacking the president when they should look to try to solve problems this country has like the president is doing,”
Video below:
She is right, they are letting personal issues stand in the way of doing what they are there to do and that is to serve the American people!
The expenses of this investigation’s need to come from Democrat funds. Taxpayers shouldn’t have to pay for nonsense.
There is so much hate for President Trump that they can’t see that they are hurting the American people and they don’t care about us. One day it going to backfire on them. How can anybody sleep with all that hate in them? They need a lot of prayers.
Social media censorship is suppressing the truth about the dangers of globalism and brutal cultures infiltrating the west. Please share this article wherever you can. It is the only way we can work around their censorship and ensure people receive news about issues that Democrats and the mainstream media suppress. Scroll down to leave a comment below. | 2024-03-28T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3394 |
Microarray-based method for monitoring yeast overexpression strains reveals small-molecule targets in TOR pathway.
Identification of the cellular targets of small-molecule hits in phenotypic screens is a central challenge in the development of small molecules as biological tools and potential therapeutics. To facilitate the process of small-molecule target identification, we developed a global, microarray-based method for monitoring the growth of pools of yeast strains, each overexpressing a different protein, in the presence of small molecules. Specifically, the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains harboring approximately 3,900 different overexpression plasmids was monitored in the presence of rapamycin, which inhibits the target of rapamycin (TOR) proteins. TOR was successfully identified as a candidate rapamycin target, and many additional gene products were implicated in the TOR signaling pathway. We also characterized the mechanism of LY-83583, a small-molecule suppressor of rapamycin-induced growth inhibition. These data enabled functional links to be drawn between groups of genes implicated in the TOR pathway, identified several candidate targets for LY-83583, and suggested a role for mitochondrial respiration in mediating rapamycin sensitivity. | 2023-09-02T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3656 |
Wednesday, October 31, 2012
Andrew Gelman Tells us to Chill
A small gust of clarity in the fog of discourse:
Last week I was interviewed by a reporter from France, who asked me who I thought would win the election. I said, it’s too close to call. He said, but Nate Silver’s FiveThirtyEight blog on NYTimes.com currently gives Obama a 72.9 percent chance. I think Nate is great, and I was thrilled to have the opportunity to contribute to his blog for a while. But I’d still say the election is too close to call. The online betting service Intrade gives Obama a 62 percent chance of winning, and I respect this number too, as it reflects the opinions of people who are willing to put money on the line. The difference between 63 percent and 75 percent may sound like a lot, but it corresponds to something like a difference of half a percentage point in Obama’s forecast vote share. Put differently, a change in 0.5 percent in the forecast of Obama’s vote share corresponds to a change in a bit more than 10 percent in his probability of winning. Either way, the uncertainty is larger than the best guess at the vote margin. Where is this uncertainty coming from? First, public opinion can shift quickly during the last week of campaigning, as news arrives and as voters make their final decisions. Second, the polls aren’t perfect. Nonresponse rates continue to rise and, although pollsters are working on more and more sophisticated methods for correcting for this problem — an area of my research — we cannot always catch up. Even an average of polls can be wrong, but it’s hard to know in advance of the election how wrong they will be, or in which direction. What I’m saying is that I can simultaneously (a) accept that Obama has a 72 percent chance of winning and (b) say the election is too close to call. .
Link I'm so glad we don't have cable. And yes, I voted (by mail). And no, I have not changed my mind. | 2023-12-16T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5286 |
Already registered? Login Below
LEARNING GOAL: Law enforcement personnel will learn about the neurobiology of trauma and its application to victims of sexual assault. Participants will learn how trauma affects victims’ emotions and behavioral presentations. Special attention will be given to examining how the brain processes and recalls traumatic events. Law enforcement personnel will learn how to apply these concepts to sexual assault investigations.
Performance objectives:
Participants will become familiar with national data regarding sexual assault reporting and sexual assault case attrition
Participants will understand common reasons why victims withdraw from the criminal justice system process and how this can be prevented
Participants will understand how sexual assault case attrition is related to the neurobiology of trauma
Participants will become familiar with neurobiological structures and physiological processes involved in traumatic events
Participants will learn which specific neurobiological structures and physiological processes are involved in sexual assault | 2023-08-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/2917 |
The present disclosure relates to an image forming apparatus that performs a printing process based on a print request transmitted from an information processing apparatus.
In recent years, in companies and government ministries, a plurality of personal computers (PCs) and a common printer are connected to each other by a wired local area network (LAN) or a wireless LAN to construct a network environment.
In the network environment, the plurality of PCs individually transmits print requests to the printer. Whenever the print request is received, the printer performs a printing process based on the received print request.
When receiving the print request in the state in which no printing process is performed, the printer instantaneously starts the printing process for the received print request.
However, when the print request is received from another PC during a printing process (when the print request is received), it is difficult for the printer to instantaneously start the printing process for the received print request. Therefore, in this case, the problem is how to respond to the print request.
As a method for solving the problem, the following technique has been proposed.
For example, when a print request is transmitted from a PC, job information about the print request is registered in a request order list. At that time, no print data is received. Then, the job information to be printed is selected from the job information items registered in the request order list in the order in which the job information is registered and the PC that has transmitted the selected job information is allowed to transmit print data (for example, see Related Art 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2009-269259).
According to the technique disclosed in Related Art 1, the order in which the print requests are received is managed by the request order list. Therefore, when the job information is selected in the order in which it is registered in the request order list, the image forming apparatus can perform the printing process in the order in which the print requests are received.
However, the technique disclosed in Related Art 1 has the following problems.
For example, in Related Art 1, the printer (image forming apparatus) does not receive a new print request that has been transmitted (received) during the printing process and does not spool print data. Therefore, while the printer performs the printing process, the PC that has transmitted the print request cannot close the application until the printer ends the printing process. After the printing process ends, the PC transmits print data and is maintained in a standby state until the spooling of the print data is completed. Therefore, the user who uses the PC to output the print request to the printer needs to wait in front of the PC.
This state will be described with reference to FIG. 8.
As illustrated in FIG. 8, for example, one information processing apparatus 201 transmits print request X to image forming apparatus 100 (Step S100).
When image forming apparatus 100 receives print request X, first buffering unit 101 registers job information about print request X in the request order list.
Then, first buffering unit 101 selects the first registered job information item from the job information items registered in the request order list. Assuming that the job information about print request X is registered first, first buffering unit 101 permits the transmission of print data to the information processing apparatus 201 that has transmitted print request X (Step S101).
When getting the permission to transmit print data, information processing apparatus 201 transmits the print data to image forming apparatus 100 (Step S102).
When image forming apparatus 100 receives the print data, first buffering unit 101 stores the print data in a buffer (buffering process; Step S103). When the storage of the print data is completed, first buffering unit 101 requests print processing unit 103 to perform a printing process (Step S104). Print processing unit 103 performs printing process X based on the print data stored in the buffer (Step S105).
Then, it is assumed that another information processing apparatus 202 transmits print request Y to image forming apparatus 100 (Step S106).
When image forming apparatus 100 receives print request Y, second buffering unit 102 registers job information about print request Y in the request order list.
Assuming that image forming apparatus 100 receives print request Y before the printing process X ends, the job information about print request Y is registered after the job information about print request X in the request order list (the job information about print request Y is the second job information). Therefore, at that time, second buffering unit 102 does not transmit a signal indicating the permission of the transmission of print data. In this way, information processing apparatus 202 is in a standby state (waiting process; Step S107).
Then, when printing process X ends, second buffering unit 102 permits information processing apparatus 202 to transmit the print data for print request Y (Step S108).
When getting the permission to transmit the print data, information processing apparatus 202 transmits the print data to image forming apparatus 100 (Step S109).
When image forming apparatus 100 receives the print data, second buffering unit 102 stores the print data in the buffer (buffering process; Step S110). When the storage of the print data is completed, the second buffering unit 102 requests print processing unit 103 to perform a printing process (Step S111). Print processing unit 103 performs a printing process Y based on the print data stored in the buffer (Step S112).
As such, when print request Y is transmitted from information processing apparatus 202 before the printing process X ends, image forming apparatus 100 does not receive print request Y. Therefore, the user of the information processing apparatus 202 needs to wait until the printing process X ends.
The following method is considered in order to solve the problems.
For example, when the image forming apparatus 100 receives a print request, buffering units 101 and 102 receive the print request and spool the print data, regardless of whether print processing unit 103 performs a printing process.
Specifically, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, when print request Y is transmitted from information processing apparatus 202 (Step S200) or second buffering unit 102 of image forming apparatus 100 receives print request Y, regardless of whether print processing unit 103 performs a printing process, and transmits a signal for performing the transmission of print data to information processing apparatus 202 (Step S201).
When receiving the signal indicating the permission of the transmission of print data, information processing apparatus 202 transmits print data related to print request Y to image forming apparatus 100 (Step S202).
When receiving the print data, second buffering unit 102 of image forming apparatus 100 spools the print data in the buffer (buffering process; Step S203).
When printing process X related to print request X transmitted from information processing apparatus 201 ends (Step S105), second buffering unit 102 requests print processing unit 103 to perform a printing process (Step S204). When receiving the print request, print processing unit 103 performs printing process Y based on the print data stored in the buffer (Step S205).
As such, image forming apparatus 100 spools the print data for each print request. Therefore, it is possible to receive the print request and spool print data in the buffer, regardless of whether a printing process is being performed. In this way, the image forming apparatus 100 can perform the printing process in the order in which the print requests are received. In addition, the user of information processing apparatus 202 does not need to wait until printing process X that is currently being performed ends.
However, this method has the following new problems.
For example, in image forming apparatus 100, after the buffering of print data by buffering units 101 or 102 is completed, print processing unit 103 starts a printing process.
However, when a print request for a plurality of documents is received, the printing process is sequentially performed from the buffered documents.
Therefore, when print requests for a plurality of documents are transmitted from plurality of information processing apparatuses 200 substantially at the same time, the printing process may be to be interrupted.
An example of the interruption will be described with reference to FIG. 10.
For example, when receiving a print request transmitted from information processing apparatus 201, first buffering unit 101 of image forming apparatus 100 buffers print data (Step S300).
It is assumed that the print request transmitted from information processing apparatus 201 is for printing three documents.
First buffering unit 101 spools the print data of the first document in the buffer. When the buffering of the print data is completed, first buffering unit 101 transmits a request to print document to the print processing unit 103 (step s301).
Print processing unit 103 performs a printing process X1 based on the print data of the first document (Step S302).
When the printing process X1 ends, first buffering unit 101 transmits a request to print the second document to print processing unit 103 after the spooling of the print data of the second document is completed (Step S303). Print processing unit 103 performs the printing process X2 based on print data of the document (Step S304).
When print request Y is transmitted from information processing apparatus 202 to image forming apparatus 100 during the printing process X2, second buffering unit 102 buffers print data related to print request Y (Step S305).
It is assumed that print request Y transmitted from information processing apparatus 202 is for printing one document.
When the buffering of the print data is completed, second buffering unit 102 transmits a request to print the document to print processing unit 103 (Step S306).
Print processing unit 103 performs the printing process Y based on the print data of the document (Step S307).
When the spooling of the print data of the third document is completed, first buffering unit 101 transmits a request to print the document (Step S308). Print processing unit 103 performs a printing process X3 based on the print data of the document (Step S309).
As such, when one print request to print a plurality of documents is received and a print request is transmitted from another information processing apparatus 200 during the printing process based on the print request, the printing process may be to be interrupted.
As a result, in some cases, the printout of the document corresponding to print request Y is mixed with the printout of the second document corresponding to print request X and the printout of the third document corresponding to print request X in the output tray of image forming apparatus 100. That is, when the process illustrated in FIG. 10 is performed, the printout corresponding to print request X and the printout corresponding to print request Y are likely to be mixed with each other.
When the user of information processing apparatus 201 moves to image forming apparatus 100 in order to pick up the printout, checks only the first and last pages of the printout, and picks up the printout while thinking that the printout is the user's own, the user also picks up the printout of another user.
When the user of information processing apparatus 201 finds that the printout of another user is mixed with the user's own printout, the user needs to manually sort the printouts, which is very troublesome. | 2024-02-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5462 |
Three victims of IRA attacks have spoken of how they have been forced to live with the legacy of the Troubles.
In emotional scenes at an event in Stormont to mark European Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Terrorism, the three men shared their harrowing experiences and spoke out about the lack of justice for the innocent victims of the conflict.
Noel Downey, who was seriously injured in a car bomb explosion on June 10 1990, told the event that while someone was jailed for his attempted murder he was released early under the Good Friday Agreement.
"There is no release from my injuries," Mr Downey said.
He was getting into his car outside a bar in Lisnaskea when a booby trap bomb exploded.
"I remember the white flash. I was blind and deaf for a period which seemed to be ages.
"I reached over in my blindness and opened the door. I got out of the car and attempted to walk. I kept falling, falling down and falling down. I couldn't understand why. I kept getting up and trying to walk and I kept falling down again. It was only later I realised why. My left leg was gone ... (it) was lying in the back seat of the car.
"There on the pavement were locals and friends. Those men kept me alive until the ambulance arrived. I am indebted for what they did. I remember sitting there on the pavement covered in petrol looking back at my car as they worked on me, trying to keep me awake.
"Life was changed forever.
"There was someone prosecuted and imprisoned for my attempted murder and for membership of the Provisional IRA, but like so many others he was released under the terms of the Belfast Agreement. There is no release from my injuries."
Mr Downey said he wants Sinn Féin and the IRA to "cease the justification of the murder of my friends and attempted murder of me".
He also called for a special pension for innocent victims who were seriously injured during the Troubles.
Also speaking at the event, which was organised by TUV leader Jim Allister and attended by DUP leader Arlene Foster, was David Kelly, whose father Patrick, a private in the British armed forces, was shot dead in December 1983.
David Kelly's father Patrick was shot dead by the IRA in 1983. Picture by Mal McCann
Private Kelly was shot dead by an IRA gang in Derrada Wood, Ballinamore, Co Leitrim at the age of 36. He left behind a wife and four sons.
Mr Kelly said he confronted Sinn Féin's Martin McGuinness six years ago and asked for help in finding his father's killers, but was told "to move on".
"The men who killed my father are still walking around, free men. It is very hard to take, given the effect it had on our family," Mr Kelly said.
He said Martin McGuinness visited his home town while campaigning to become president of Ireland in 2011.
"I felt compelled to confront him. 'You want to be president of Ireland - can you assist me in finding out who murdered my father?'
"He told me it was time to move on. He said that to my face.
"My father was doing his duty, providing for a young family, gave his life for his country.
"It seems like there is a lack of willingness to pursue the perpetrators. I am determined to keep speaking up for him and keep pushing away.
"The people who killed him would like him to be a footnote in the history books, but I say different."
Ken Funston, whose 28-year-old brother Ronald was murdered by the IRA at the family farm near Pettigo 33 years ago on March 13 1984, accused the British and Dublin governments of letting victims down.
Ken Funston's brother Ronald was shot dead by the IRA in Co Fermanagh. Picture by Mal McCann
"The British government have thrown their hands up, the Irish government don't want to know and two groups of terrorists, loyalist and republican, are laughing. They got away with it.
"How can we move on?" | 2023-12-27T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6634 |
Q:
Cannot access virtual directories on Drupal 7
I have installed Drupal 7.37 on AWS EC2 Linux instance. It was working perfectly until I reinstalled httpd24 and PHP 5.5. Since then, the main page loads perfectly but I cannot access my virtual directories. For instance, when I click on Drupal's button "Login" it tries to load mypage.com/user/logout (I have clean URLs activated), but I get error 404.
This is my VirtualHost:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www.mypage.com
ServerAlias mypage.com
DocumentRoot /usr/share/drupal7
</VirtualHost>
And Directory:
<Directory "/usr/share/drupal7">
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
Where should I search for the problem? httpd.conf or php.ini?
EDIT1: Access logs output when I try to access one of these pages. No error log outputs:
xx.xx.xx.xx - - [14/May/2015:16:35:47 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 18900 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36"
xx.xx.xx.xx - - [14/May/2015:16:35:55 +0000] "GET /admin/structure/block?render=overlay HTTP/1.1" 404 219 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/42.0.2311.135 Safari/537.36"
EDIT2: I have another website with virtual directories running on /var/www/html and it works perfectly. But this one (/usr/share/drupal7) doesn't.
EDIT3: I just tried moving my page to /var/www/html and I get the same problem. Could it be a drupal issue while creating these virtual directories (e.g., /admin /artefacts /user)? .htaccess?
A:
Fixed! I just needed to edit the directory with AllowOverride All, as per below:
<Directory "/usr/share/drupal7">
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
| 2024-03-07T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9347 |
MOST HELPFUL POSTS
[deleted account]
I got two different perspectives on this as a child. I had a mom who SPANKED and a father who ABUSED. Even as a small child, the difference was crystal clear to me. Spanking was done in response to obvious and blatant disrespect or disobedience, not for every silly childish mistake. I understood that I had earned that consequence by doing behaviors that I KNEW were wrong. Abuse was usually done without warning, for no apparent good reason and with total disregard for the severity of my "crime". My husband and I spank our children (I should say, "spanked". I can't remember the last time we had to spank anyone.) I believe that spanking or hand smacking is the FIRST choice for small children who are too small to explain dangerous situations to and for slightly bigger kids who are "testing" whether you are going to be the parent or let them steamroll over you. I always make sure that they have been told previously that what they are doing is wrong and that they are KNOWINGLY disobeying or disrespecting me. I never spank if there is any doubt in my mind that the kid knew what they were doing was wrong/not permitted. By making spanking the FIRST choice for certain offenses you ensure that you do not do it angry or go overboard with it. You tell them one time that what they are doing is going to lead to a spanking if it continues, then if they carry on you give them a couple of calm and firm smacks to the behind or a stinging but not hard smack to the hand and they get the message. There are some kids who do not NEED to be spanked because they don't rebel and disrespect as much. For those kids, I think if telling them off ends the behavior, more the better but for many kids, it is the best way to make them understand that YOU are the parent, your authority is valid and they simply have to respect and obey you. I think once the child is old enough to reason with, say 6 or 7, spanking should be rare if ever and reserved for all out "spitting in your eye" type rebellion. Since we spanked our kids when they were younger, we've found that that most of them had already learned by that age to NOT TRY IT, so it has rarely been an issue. RE: the idea of spanking being the same as hitting and violence. That is probably the dumbest argument against spanking. All of my children were sitting in the room when I was reading the previous thread on this topic. I asked all 4 of them if they had a problem knowing the difference between hitting and spanking. My 12 year old actually laughed. They could not imagine that anyone actually couldn't tell the difference. My six year old is not confused on that issue. My children were probably the least violent kids on the block. My children understand that you do not go around hitting people out of anger but that people who are in rightful authority have the right to use physical force against you if you defy them. A knowledge and acceptance of that is very useful in their adult life as well. Try telling the next cop who pulls you over to F-off and that you will NOT show him your license OR registration. See how gently and lovingly he throws you up against the side of the car. Better to learn that lesson from a loving parent who will gently dust your backside than a cop with his knee in your back.
I was spanked, if that's what you want to call it. In todays world my Mother would have been arrested for child abuse....lol I also spanked my kids when I felt they needed it. That's what's wrong with the children today, they all need a good beating and a reminder that they are the children and we are the parents. We make the rules, not them!!!!! OMG I sound harsh but it's true.
I was spanked and so were most kids in my class at school. You had literally 1 or 2 children with parents who didn't do it ever, but they were the exception and not the rule. I've been on this earth for nearly 30 years and times have changed. 30 years ago people didn't have this debate. It was assumed that kids would get a spanking now and then. 50 years ago and you were a bad parent if you didn't do it. Parenting follows trends. All the trend setters today who call spanking abuse would have been the ones to advocate it 50 years ago.
I personally refuse to offer an opinion on the rightness or wrongness of spanking on the welcome page because I don't want to have to defend myself either way on this issue when this thread turns ugly.
I was spanked as a child. My mom had a thick leather strap she used on me and my brother.
Now my grandma... she would send us out back to the willow tree for a switch... if we didn't get one to her satisfaction she would get it and whip you 10 times worse.. always across the backs of our legs so we could still sit down in school... and the good switches.. well, they held a place of reverence in the window for all to see and remember what got them that whippin... As I grew up and my grandmother had passed all of that discipline flew out the window. My mom did her own thing often leaving me alone to do what I pleased which by no means helped me any to say the least.
Now I'm the mom, and I have spanked my daughter on occasion. I don't normally have to as she's very well behaved and we have gotten to the point where taking away the computer or television hurts her worse. I see nothing wrong with spankings. My daughter knows I'm the boss and when the boss is happy she gets to do and have what she likes. I always looked at the children in the grocery store pitching a fit over something they wanted or in the restaurant that won't sit down and be quiet felt sorry for them. To grow up spoiled and coddled and then turn into selfish self-centered adults is a horrible fate; one that any parent should do all in their power to avoid. I'm not saying that spanking is what it takes to achieve that as all children are different and all parents have their own ways but discipline is a necessity.
I was raised in a strict home with the spanking log, belt and smacks across the face. I never felt it got the message across. I became fearful and disrespectful of my mother. Once I was her size I began to fight back and the hitting stopped. I really didn't learn anything by it. I was independent and I was going to be heard and understood. That's all I really wanted as a young person.
I look at my kids, and I feel like they want the same things. They want respect, and they want to be heard. You have to give respect to receive respect. You have to give trust to have trust. I have spanked my kids for being extremely defiant, rude and doing dangerous things. If timeout doesn't work, hitting rarely does either. I don't do that anymore. I think parenting is a learning curve. I wanted to be a better parent than what I experienced as a young person. I could quickly see that the swatting that I was falling into was from my experiences and possibly frustration with not knowing what else to do. I seek help from friends, teachers, counselors and blogs.
Sometimes timeout just doesn't seem to get things to sink it. I have found that some of the behaviors were from mental disabilities my children have. One son has autism and some delayed areas. The other son likely has attention deficit hyper activity disorder--ADHD. Because of these things, my approach must be different. Every child is different, so the approach must be different as well. I think it's important to identify underlying issues such as disabilities, emotions, thought patterns, personality, communication methods, etc.
I try using a counting method to give them time to make better decisions. It also helps me deal with the stress of the situation and not react out of frustration and anger. I hold my little ones in my lap or sit them on the stairs for timeout. I started taking toys, removing the priviledge of riding bikes, playing outside with friends or having a special snack. I use toys, treats and outtings as rewards for good behavior, good decisions, appropriate verbal responses, etc. I let them know that going to the zoo, park, fishing, camping, taking long bike rides, getting ice cream from Diary Queen and other things are rewards for being nice today, sharing with the next door neighbor today, helping mama pick up toys this week, being a good helper and obediant at daycare, etc. They need to be able to make the correlation between making good decisions, feeling good about themselves because they made a good decision and a reward system...with adult help.
Good behavior and trying hard should yield rewards. I help them to be proud of themselves, have self-empowerment and give those words and arms of encouragement to other children and adults around them. It's just too cute to see my 4 and 5 year olds show compassion and kindness to other children, give hugs, pat them on the back, tell them it will be okay, get them another toy to help the child get over crying and frustration, or giving mama a hug when she is stressed out. They learn from us.
We were at the park maybe 3 months ago, and a little boy lost him mom. We could see that his mom and brother were about 100 feet ahead of him. He got turned around and thought he was all alone. My son was 3 years old at the time. He ran all the way across the playground and the pavillions to offer encouragement. He gave the crying little boy hugs, patted him on the back, helped him get up off the ground, told him and pointed where his mama was. My 3 year old yelled for the boy's mother. He stayed there with him until his mom arrived. I was, and am, so proud of him. He took the initiative to help someone he didn't know at all. He knew exactly how to help the boy, and he didn't take any cues from me.
I have found that sometimes I have to change my methods of dealing with stress to teach my kids how to better cope. I teach my boys to talk about their feelings with other kids and they help other kids do the same things. I see my little guys outside talking to kids that were hurt by someone's negligence or accident. They offer encouragement, give hugs, ask if they are okay, stand up to the bully that is years older than them and 2 feet taller and come get me or another adult. Those are adult reactions, and my children are learning to make good decisions from me. I cannot be prouder. That's all I can really expect of them even as adults.
415 Comments
View replies by
[deleted account]
I was spanked as a child and suppose I turned out okay.
That said-let me tell you that I decided not to spank mine, but take away priviledges and talk out WHY the behaviour, deed, etc. was unacceptable. The reason was to help them learn to reason, think things through the next time before they acted, knowing they would pay with lost priviledges. Another thing, is where is the "respect" when you show your child that physical violence IS okay when it is an adult using it on them. I don't think that teaches them self respect. It sends too many mixed messages about love, physical abuse, and is a robber of self respect. Besides-if you are mad enough to hit your child you are too mad to do so.
If you child runs into to middle of the street are you going to take him aside and say "No no timmy we don't run in the street" Or are you going to smack him on the butt so he remembers to stay out of the street. I spanked my kids. But I have to say I asked them the other day if they remember the last time I did. Not one of the 3 could remember.
I had 4 children under 6 and believe me there are so many other ways to teach right from wrong than spanking, dont get me wrong ive done before but realised there are, better ways patience goes along way , plus i always felt guilty i havent spanked in years , i feel much better and they are very well behaved children. Try other methods is my advice but it means sticking to what you say and them knowing that you mean it.
I been spank when i was litle for fighting with my sister....there are times I did spank my kid......It just get to a piont that when he hurts his lil brother and he know what his doing and just ignore it....Its not necesary but there sure are times....
ME and yes but only after three "no's"... three little whomps on the diaper... and only one spank and a no on the leg... so he gets 3 verbal warning, 3 padded warnings and then skin to skin... I've only done it for three weeks and I don't even or rarely have to go more than once on the diaper or saying no... he's 10 mths
You spank your 10 month old baby? Do your child a favor and talk to your pediatrician about other forms of discipline. That has got to be illegal. I'll admit I'm not an advocate of hitting a child of any age, but especially not a baby. You should never hit a baby!
Some of the replies on here are insane. I totally don't get how fearing your parents is a bad thing. Fear encourages respect and honor as it states in the bible. I don't mean fear as in fearing for your life but fear as in respect and reverence. I have seen too many uncontrolled children to know that fear of discipline and fearing consequences is a must for children. I could tell you so many stories of kids I have seen and parents who don't discipline at all or not well enough. Those are the kids having the tantrums out in public. My daughter is no angel but she is pretty good when we are out in public unless she is tired...which is a whole different topic. Making sure your child gets enough sleep is a definate must.
Some of the replies on here are insane. I totally don't get how fearing your parents is a bad thing. Fear encourages respect and honor as it states in the bible. I don't mean fear as in fearing for your life but fear as in respect and reverence. I have seen too many uncontrolled children to know that fear of discipline and fearing consequences is a must for children. I could tell you so many stories of kids I have seen and parents who don't discipline at all or not well enough. Those are the kids having the tantrums out in public. My daughter is no angel but she is pretty good when we are out in public unless she is tired...which is a whole different topic. Making sure your child gets enough sleep is a definate must.
Spanking is good it shows them who is in charge eitherwise they get out of hand. My sister does not spank her kids so they rule her unfortunately. But now that mine is a teenager I do take away the cellphone, the computer and ground her for she to me, to big for a spanking. But I see no harm in it, because what does not kill just makes you stronger. Good luck.
I am actually surprised you got any responses to this question as I think it is a pretty private decision. I would never dream of sharing my discipline methods publicly with people I don't know. I think every child is different and you just have to find the right discipline method that works for you. When you have a strong willed child like I do, it can be challenging to find something that works.
I was spanked as a child and have the emotional scars to prove it. I think it is wrong to hit anyone, but the idea of hitting a defensless child who is only a small fraction of my size is especially disturbing - regardless of the intentions behind it. I don't even hit my dog, why would I hit my kids?
the "emotional pain of being punished in a violent manner" Really? I was spanked ALL THE TIME with a belt and didn't suffer any "emotional pain". That's crazy!
Despite what you think, emotional pain and scars from being physically punished are very real. I, personally, have emotional pain and scars from being spanked. There's just something about your stepfather making you stand against your dresser with your arms wrapped around it and the only thing between the leather belt and your skin is a pair of cotton underwear into your teen years that tends to leave lasting emotional scars. X(
What you just described is not being "spanked." That is abuse. I think the problem on this particular subject is that everyone has a much different idea of the definition of spanking. To me, it might be giving the bum a good whack in order to reinforce a point to a child who blatantly defies. To someone else, being hit across the back with a leather belt might be considered spanking. To me that's abuse. I think this is why anti-spanking parents fell the way they do; they don't want to cross the line into physical abuse that can cause the emotional scarring Tamara is referring to.
Wow what a thread. Everyone has different children and different ways that work. I was spanked as a child and have growen up with no problems. I have a daughter that you can not raise your voice around because unfortunatly her farther and I did alot of yelling in the end of our marriage. I have tried time outs she has deystroyed the door in her bedroom, I have tried 123 magic that seemed to work the best for a long time untill she figured it out. I have spanked her a few times and she knows that it is a last resort for me. Oh by the way she is now ten and all i have to do is say her name in a certian tone and she done and knows it. I have respect for all who can do it without the spank good for you!!!! I choose to spank the few times I did and it was in extreme fright more then anything.
Amy - I didn't say you'd said it was one person bashing another either or that I was the one doing the bashing. I'm the one who said that if I didn't discipline my child the way I do she'll end up in Juvi Hall, because she would be so out of control if I didn't nip some of her behavior issues now. For the most part I'm pretty lucky when it comes to my 6 year old. She stays away from children who back talk and act inappropriate and the behaviors she has displayed in the past have all but disappeared.
Bye for today day Ladies, a special thanks to Tammy and Donna, I hope to see you on this site again ! Bye the way for many years I signed notes and cards as follows: Love Always, Momma-me-ah-can- you-see-ah- I'm-ah da, funny one. ( a sense of humor goes a long way).
I haven't seen anyone bashing anyone else on here. Mothers (Christian or otherwise) are merely expressing their opinions, beliefs, views, etc. nothing more. If anyone has offended anyone on here then those who have been offended need to speak up and be an adult about it and let the person who offended them know just as much and resolve the issue. TinaMarie and I have gotten past our disagreement, and moved on. Can you do the same?
I wasn't refering to just one person, i was spanked and i do spank (not abuse) and there is alot of bashing going on. There are the ones that don't spank saying that any mother that lift her hand to swat their child on the butt when they need it is abusing their child and then you have others that do spank saying that if you don't swat your child your kids will end up in Juvenuile hall. I didnt mean to say that it was you that was doing the bashing it is happening through out the whole forum. If you took offense to what i said then i am truely sorry i was not pointing my finger at anyone, just at what i had obsereved reading all of the post.
Wow, we are all fumbling through this, there is so much to read and so many different circumstances to consider, God Bless You All. Parenting is tough and we try hard and sometimes fail, but we go back at it each day BECAUSE: Our children are worth it ! and all of you Ladies are here to help or become better parents , I applaud you all.
I haven't seen anyone bashing anyone else on here. Mothers (Christian or otherwise) are merely expressing their opinions, beliefs, views, etc. nothing more. If anyone has offended anyone on here then those who have been offended need to speak up and be an adult about it and let the person who offended them know just as much and resolve the issue. TinaMarie and I have gotten past our disagreement, and moved on. Can you do the same?
Thanks for your reply, In our home God and the Bible is our final authority, I realize this is not always the case. I feel badly for the children (like those you mentioned) and the parents of naughty / disrespectful children, it sets a pattern for unhappiness, I am clueless how to rectify those issues not dealt with young or by their parents. I failed to share the most important part of this issue FORGIVENESS, we always told our girls we forgive them, and restored proper fellowship with them. My girls are 22+, 21+ and 15. And you may have guess, but yes I am a Christian, Ministers wife and have used time out, grounding, denial of privileges, and I spanked and was spanked. If at any point I have offended you ,I am sorry and I ask your forgiveness .This site was listed for Christian moms and comments about God and the Bible are very passionate issue for me, because I believe that all we need to know is specifically or generally contained in scripture. I use it daily not just to read, but to direct my whole manner of life. The things I don't like about the web are the things that make it safe,:you can not see my face and expression, nor hear the tone of my voice. My comments were not to be nasty in any way, just to share my perspective, with the facts I live with. thanks again for the interaction. May God Bless You and Yours.
Tina i agree with you and this discussion started out with a simple question and has turned into a bashing zone.
Tina - I agree with you about forgiveness, it is an important part of learning how to grow up and be happy. I was raised in a Christian home, and I turned out just fine, but I also realized following any organized religion was not for me. I have my husband's 100 percent support on not having our child attend organized religion unless she chooses to do so. I refuse to force any kind of religion on her and we are letting her choose her own path to how she comes to know whatever higher being she allows in her life. My husband was allowed to choose his own way when it came to religion and he knows a lot more about the bible and all of it than I do! No kidding! I feel I was forced to attend Church every Sunday and I resent my mom for it, although since having my daughter 6 years ago we have gotten closer. We understand each other much better now and she does not ask me when I am going to go back to church and when am I going to let our daughter attend Sunday School, etc. She respects my beliefs and knows that I will not let my daughter fail to recognize there is something better out there for her. I was in no way offended, although I can see that that may have come across as such and you need not ask for forgiveness from me, but perhaps the other way around.
Thanks for your reply, In our home God and the Bible is our final authority, I realize this is not always the case. I feel badly for the children (like those you mentioned) and the parents of naughty / disrespectful children, it sets a pattern for unhappiness, I am clueless how to rectify those issues not dealt with young or by their parents. I failed to share the most important part of this issue FORGIVENESS, we always told our girls we forgive them, and restored proper fellowship with them. My girls are 22+, 21+ and 15. And you may have guess, but yes I am a Christian, Ministers wife and have used time out, grounding, denial of privileges, and I spanked and was spanked. If at any point I have offended you ,I am sorry and I ask your forgiveness .This site was listed for Christian moms and comments about God and the Bible are very passionate issue for me, because I believe that all we need to know is specifically or generally contained in scripture. I use it daily not just to read, but to direct my whole manner of life. The things I don't like about the web are the things that make it safe,:you can not see my face and expression, nor hear the tone of my voice. My comments were not to be nasty in any way, just to share my perspective, with the facts I live with. thanks again for the interaction. May God Bless You and Yours.
I don't think spanking is a good form of punishment because it doesn't last. A child pulls on the table cloth, you pop him, and then what? Its over. I think time out for the young child and taking away privileges for the older one are better forms of punishment. I know some children are more difficult but I think there is always something more effective than physically hurting your child because he does something wrong. Besides, my mother used a switch on me and I swore I wouldn't do it to my child.
Ok, ok I give - I'm crying 'uncle' here I can't take this anymore. I bow to those who are raising their babies right now, who have no real experience in raising a child and cannot fathom spanking their own flesh and blood. I'm done with this thread and no, nobody scared me away. I am walking away of my own accord and telling you all right now I am through. Thanks so much for being understanding to my opinions, although they did not agree with yours. I appreciate having the opportunity to express my opinions. You're all such great pals.
I believe that not every child is the same, which means what one parent uses to discipline their child, may not work for others. There is a difference in a spanking for discipline, and a beating just because you're annoyed. I've known children who don't respond at all to time outs or favorites being taken away, just as I know some children don't respond at all to spanking. You have to find a method that works best for you and your child, so as not to become an idiot on the Maury show crying about your unruly child.
so let me pose a hypothetical scenerio to you... lets say you've used both spanking and time-outs, priveledges taken away or whatever other means of discipline and "NONE" have worked... you would simply give up on the child and say "ive tried everything, this child is simply unruly"?
the reason i ask this is b/c there is no such thing as a "bad" child... a child is never born bad... we may simply not be disciplining them correctly as the parent... and i dont mean by the means of discipline... it could be a number of underlying factors: behavioural disorders, tramatic experiences, inconsistancy, problems at school etc etc etc. it is ur job as the parent to get to the bottom of 'unruly' behaviour and to simply say the "time-outs" just aren't working is not getting to the bottom of "why" they aren't working... could they be due to how you execute them? could it be due to lack of parental consistancy? could my child be having other issues or additional pressures in his life right now? when a time-out isn't working that is ur time to sit down and be an objective parent...
Look here miss anti-spanking I'm better than you because I would never do it. I personally don't have to spank my child, he responds well to time out, but I understand the necessity of spanking for some parents. I'm not saying that spanking is an ultimate answer niether is time out. The whole point of "finding out what works best for you and your situation" which includes seeking help if nothing is working. Most doctors give wonderful resources to these things. Not one persons way is ultimately the best for every child. I was spanked a small handful of times as a child, and as I said there is a difference to spanking and beating. It is your responsibility to be a PARENT period! Which means do what works best for your child. Just because a parent spanks, does not mean that they are abusive or short tempered or trying to rule out of fear. It has been a method of disipline since way before our times and I can only assume will continue to be a method of disipline for years to come. So try getting off of your high horse fo five minutes and just realize, that you have not had the ability to live everyone else's lives to see why they chose what they chose and why it works for them. You are not all knowing and niether am I. Just because you load yourself up with literature and various forms of information, does not give you the knowledge to pick and choose what is best.
I agree 100% with Jennifer and her opinons. I also respect the fact that she does " load herself up with literature and various forms of infromation"...thats more than many mothers on this site and its unfair to assume she does not have the knowledge to pick and choose what is best.
I was spanked as a child and I can say it really didn't ever do anything productive for our family. I was scared to get spanked after doing something wrong, but that never stopped me from doing the wrong in the first place.
In my opinon, there is NO NECESSITY to spanking a child whether this form of dicipline has been around for years or not. Hitting children in schools was used as a form of dicipline for years, but for some reason its not ok for someone else to hit your child, but it is ok for you to hit your child? LAME
People should take the time to figure out what works for their child, but this should NEVER EVER include hitting/smacking/spanking to any degree...especially out of anger.
How can anyone look at their child and actually cause physical pain to their little bodies....even if it hurts for only 2 minutes.
I can PROUDLY say I am joining Jennifer on her high horse and hope that others will come to their senses and STOP SPANKING CHILDREN.
I too am supporting Jennifer. Having read all of the attacks against her, I feel that many responders on this site has been extremely rude to her with no cause. She has merely expressed her opinion as everybody else has on this forum.
I myself spanked my child and has since stopped because it did nothing to instill discipline in my child. It only made him fear me and created behaviour (ie. reacting with violence when he becomes frustrated) that I believe was directly related to getting spanked. I have LEARNED other methods of dealing with my child's behaviour since. They are just as effective and he is a much happier child because of it!!!! He is also a much better behaved child now than he was when he was being spanked!!!!!!!!!!!
Also, for those of you who have commented that they are "spanking only as a last resort"....this seems to suggest that you are spanking in frustration because you've tried other things that didn't work. Please do not delude yourselves into thinking that you're spanking to discipline...you're spanking to release that frustration (that is anger). I know, I did it. It didn't stop the "bad" behaviour and it did not make me feel any better.
There is NOTHING WRONG with LEARNING from others (be it professionals in child rearing, medical professionals or other parents). All we need to do is to be open to new things...that is what a good parent should be about.
Whether you SPANK or DO NOT SPANK that is your choice. But..do understand that your actions has consequences. You need to ask yourselves why you really spank your child. And be truthful to yourself.
Sorry lady with the pink font. But God establishes authority, judgment and punishment. The Bible Old and New testament has application for today and to say it doesn't visits the issue of if we can believe it or not , if we can't trust it to show us how to deal with others today then why would we trust it to show us how to spend eternity with God. The Bible does not condone abuse, it does however teach us that love with out correction fails, the law of reap and sow establishes fair and equal treatment. Rules protect our rights and responsibilities. Those who break the rules put them selves in the position of punishment. Patterns, are so important for the future. parenting is a responsibility and should be taken seriously, leadership in the parent /child relationship is key, we did not birth pals, playmates, or friends ( those relationships profit us).
Sorry lady with the pink font. But God establishes authority, judgment and punishment. The Bible Old and New testament has application for today and to say it doesn't visits the issue of if we can believe it or not , if we can't trust it to show us how to deal with others today then why would we trust it to show us how to spend eternity with God. The Bible does not condone abuse, it does however teach us that love with out correction fails, the law of reap and sow establishes fair and equal treatment. Rules protect our rights and responsibilities. Those who break the rules put them selves in the position of punishment. Patterns, are so important for the future. parenting is a responsibility and should be taken seriously, leadership in the parent /child relationship is key, we did not birth pals, playmates, or friends ( those relationships profit us).
Sorry lady with the pink font. But God establishes authority, judgment and punishment. The Bible Old and New testament has application for today and to say it doesn't visits the issue of if we can believe it or not , if we can't trust it to show us how to deal with others today then why would we trust it to show us how to spend eternity with God. The Bible does not condone abuse, it does however teach us that love with out correction fails, the law of reap and sow establishes fair and equal treatment. Rules protect our rights and responsibilities. Those who break the rules put them selves in the position of punishment. Patterns, are so important for the future. parenting is a responsibility and should be taken seriously, leadership in the parent /child relationship is key, we did not birth pals, playmates, or friends ( those relationships profit us).
I don't need a bible to tell me how I should act. I grew up attending Church every Sunday and attended Bible Summer Camp for about 10 years. I remember quite well what the bible says is right and wrong. God may establish authority, judgment and punishment, but not quite so forceful in my home. My husband and I are the final authorities, judges and punishers (so to speak) where our child is concerned. No, we did not birth pals, playmates or friends, that much is true. But we also did not birth our children to treat us with disrespect, disdain or foul language either. While it may be true that the Old and New Testaments have applications for how to raise today's children, I fail to see many parents following those applications. Many of my child's classmates at school are foul-mouthed, out of control, beligerent (sorry that isn't spelled correctly) and generally disrespectful to their elders and anyone else who is in authority. They kick, punch, and scream obscenities at staff members at school, think its funny and continue to act inappropriate. Where are these children's parents and why aren't they doing what the bible tells them to do? Is it because perhaps they are not reading the bible or is it because they don't really care for their children and how they behave, so long as they are not interrrupting their daily tv viewing? How would you suggest these parents get their kids back in line? Read the bible to them? Sorry, but my world and yours are complete opposites and I disagree with you.
Sorry lady with the pink font. But God establishes authority, judgment and punishment. The Bible Old and New testament has application for today and to say it doesn't visits the issue of if we can believe it or not , if we can't trust it to show us how to deal with others today then why would we trust it to show us how to spend eternity with God. The Bible does not condone abuse, it does however teach us that love with out correction fails, the law of reap and sow establishes fair and equal treatment. Rules protect our rights and responsibilities. Those who break the rules put them selves in the position of punishment. Patterns, are so important for the future. parenting is a responsibility and should be taken seriously, leadership in the parent /child relationship is key, we did not birth pals, playmates, or friends ( those relationships profit us).
yes i was spanked growing up...and nope. don't spank. personally think that christians need to do a better job at studying proverbs. Personally I think that Proverbs are generally true statements about the way that life tends to work. I think if Christians took Proverbs 31 (the virtuous woman) as literally as they get on the whole spanking/rod bandwagon, we'd have alot of disillusioned angry women out there. Why is it we can so easily take to certain proverbs as so very literal and others as figurative? i don't think it's a good idea to teach "hitting" your children as biblical based on the fact that these are proverbs...not commandments. on a personal level-i don't see the Lord purposefully hurting/hitting His children to teach them a lesson. he seems to use primarily natural consequences to come about as results of their behaviour. now we as parents must come up with consequences sometimes depending on the situation...but to justify hitting your children, yet telling them that is a loving action...is a)confusing b)not even a biblical pattern set forth by God and c)not very creative parenting. i see corrections moments as teaching moments...if i'm too lazy to teach them something because i just want to "spank" them and get it over with...what is that teaching them? what does that teach them about the character of the God I strive to serve? no matter how much i try to explain myself afterwards, it tells them not much else other than..."if i disobey...mommy and daddy will hurt me." i want them to obey because it is right...not because they fear getting hit. Who am I to set myself up as higher than the Lord and say that hitting my child is alright? I am not. Sorry for the atrocious composition and grammar! It's late and I'm pregnant again:P
Wait, wait, wait a minute! Are you assuming that every mother on here is a Christian? Proverbs is Old Testament and completely out of date for parents in the 21st Century. God/the Lord has nothing to do with how we as parents raise and discipline our children. At least, not me. Granted, without this higher being we may not have children in our lives at all. However, if done correctly, a single swat to the behind is enough to let the child know that what they are doing is not acceptable, safe or respectful (depending on the situation at the time). There are many reasons for spanking a child, and I for one know that if I did not keep my child in line with an occasional spanking, she would be so totally out of control and I would not be able to live with her. She would eventually become an uruly, undisciplined teen-ager, I would not be able to control her any longer and would be forced to send her to Juvenile Detention. Yes, that's right, Juvi Hall. HOWEVER, because I am nipping bad/unwanted/disrespectful behavior now while I am still in control of her, I will not have any issues with her when she becomes a teen-ager. Already she has learned that if she backtalks, screams, yells, demands things from either her father or me, she gets a swift swat on the clothed bottom and the discussion is over. I no longer have to chase her around the house trying to get her attention. Discipline is swift and immediate, there is no wondering 'when am I going to be punished?' She knows the minute the words are out of her mouth that she's in trouble. And trust me, she immediately starts to apologize, but still gets the single spanking on her behind. That being said, she does not get spanked for every little thing. If she is respectful, kind and does what she is asked/told to do, no problem. She has even gotten to the point in her thinking process to say'No, I don't want to' but guess what? She does it anyway, knowing there will be less trouble for her and things go smoothly and everyone in the household is happy. Learn to pick your battles, know when to duke it out and when to back off and let kids be kids, but be consistent about it. Sometimes being a parent is a fine line and it's not always easy to walk the walk and talk the talk. You don't always get it right the first time, or the second or the third. Eventually you get to where you are managing your life day to day and things are going along really well. Just my humble opinion - oh by the way.
I got two different perspectives on this as a child. I had a mom who SPANKED and a father who ABUSED. Even as a small child, the difference was crystal clear to me. Spanking was done in response to obvious and blatant disrespect or disobedience, not for every silly childish mistake. I understood that I had earned that consequence by doing behaviors that I KNEW were wrong. Abuse was usually done without warning, for no apparent good reason and with total disregard for the severity of my "crime". My husband and I spank our children (I should say, "spanked". I can't remember the last time we had to spank anyone.) I believe that spanking or hand smacking is the FIRST choice for small children who are too small to explain dangerous situations to and for slightly bigger kids who are "testing" whether you are going to be the parent or let them steamroll over you. I always make sure that they have been told previously that what they are doing is wrong and that they are KNOWINGLY disobeying or disrespecting me. I never spank if there is any doubt in my mind that the kid knew what they were doing was wrong/not permitted. By making spanking the FIRST choice for certain offenses you ensure that you do not do it angry or go overboard with it. You tell them one time that what they are doing is going to lead to a spanking if it continues, then if they carry on you give them a couple of calm and firm smacks to the behind or a stinging but not hard smack to the hand and they get the message. There are some kids who do not NEED to be spanked because they don't rebel and disrespect as much. For those kids, I think if telling them off ends the behavior, more the better but for many kids, it is the best way to make them understand that YOU are the parent, your authority is valid and they simply have to respect and obey you. I think once the child is old enough to reason with, say 6 or 7, spanking should be rare if ever and reserved for all out "spitting in your eye" type rebellion. Since we spanked our kids when they were younger, we've found that that most of them had already learned by that age to NOT TRY IT, so it has rarely been an issue. RE: the idea of spanking being the same as hitting and violence. That is probably the dumbest argument against spanking. All of my children were sitting in the room when I was reading the previous thread on this topic. I asked all 4 of them if they had a problem knowing the difference between hitting and spanking. My 12 year old actually laughed. They could not imagine that anyone actually couldn't tell the difference. My six year old is not confused on that issue. My children were probably the least violent kids on the block. My children understand that you do not go around hitting people out of anger but that people who are in rightful authority have the right to use physical force against you if you defy them. A knowledge and acceptance of that is very useful in their adult life as well. Try telling the next cop who pulls you over to F-off and that you will NOT show him your license OR registration. See how gently and lovingly he throws you up against the side of the car. Better to learn that lesson from a loving parent who will gently dust your backside than a cop with his knee in your back.
You know what's funny? You can have grown up never being spanked and still have confidence/self-image issues. I was never touched by my parents or yelled or screamed at. I was a really good kid and never wanted to disappoint them by doing something wrong. However, I grew up having low self-esteem and married the first man that asked me to marry him. Boy was I stupid. The next man I married was just as bad or worse than the first. I finally got it right the third time. There are no head games or issues on how to discipline our little one. He was spanked, I was not. However, we choose to spank only when necessary (and not as a last resort).
It is not against the law in Alberta to spank your children - but it is however against the law to spank them with anything other then your bare hand - using a wooden spoon, belt, paddle - or any other object can lead to assault with a weapon. (NO LIE LADIES)I used to threaten to use a belt or the wooden spoon and was told clearly and boldly by a Child Services Worker that it is unlawful to threaten to harm a child with an object and further trouble to use it. Just a little tid bit I learned.
Well, thank goodness I don't live in Canada - I'd probably be in prison now. 99.9% of the time I use my hand, but there is on the rarest of occasions that I did use a wooden spoon, not only on my youngest daughter, but also on my now two grown children when they were little and out of control. Granted, I didn't like it, but I suffer from ganglion cysts in my wrist and even though I swatted their behinds only one time, the cysts would swell and cause pain in my wrist and I would not be able to type at my job as a secretary. Hence the wooden spoon. Somehow the wooden spoon was afforded more respect than my hand because they knew it would hurt worse (on a clothed bottom). So...I feel I must let you know that I shared custody of my two older children with their father in another state and being he was a single father, had no clue as to how to properly discipline his children. He let them do whatever they wanted and didn't much give a flying you know what as to where they went or what they did. One (the oldest) has grown up to be a fine upstanding citizen, the other has gotten fat, lazy and sleeps around with other men. She was married, but while in the process of getting divorced slept with another man and got pregnant with her third child by this guy. True story.
yes i was spanked growing up...and nope. don't spank. personally think that christians need to do a better job at studying proverbs. Personally I think that Proverbs are generally true statements about the way that life tends to work. I think if Christians took Proverbs 31 (the virtuous woman) as literally as they get on the whole spanking/rod bandwagon, we'd have alot of disillusioned angry women out there. Why is it we can so easily take to certain proverbs as so very literal and others as figurative? i don't think it's a good idea to teach "hitting" your children as biblical based on the fact that these are proverbs...not commandments. on a personal level-i don't see the Lord purposefully hurting/hitting His children to teach them a lesson. he seems to use primarily natural consequences to come about as results of their behaviour. now we as parents must come up with consequences sometimes depending on the situation...but to justify hitting your children, yet telling them that is a loving action...is a)confusing b)not even a biblical pattern set forth by God and c)not very creative parenting. i see corrections moments as teaching moments...if i'm too lazy to teach them something because i just want to "spank" them and get it over with...what is that teaching them? what does that teach them about the character of the God I strive to serve? no matter how much i try to explain myself afterwards, it tells them not much else other than..."if i disobey...mommy and daddy will hurt me." i want them to obey because it is right...not because they fear getting hit. Who am I to set myself up as higher than the Lord and say that hitting my child is alright? I am not. Sorry for the atrocious composition and grammar! It's late and I'm pregnant again:P
Wait, wait, wait a minute! Are you assuming that every mother on here is a Christian? Proverbs is Old Testament and completely out of date for parents in the 21st Century. God/the Lord has nothing to do with how we as parents raise and discipline our children. At least, not me. Granted, without this higher being we may not have children in our lives at all. However, if done correctly, a single swat to the behind is enough to let the child know that what they are doing is not acceptable, safe or respectful (depending on the situation at the time). There are many reasons for spanking a child, and I for one know that if I did not keep my child in line with an occasional spanking, she would be so totally out of control and I would not be able to live with her. She would eventually become an uruly, undisciplined teen-ager, I would not be able to control her any longer and would be forced to send her to Juvenile Detention. Yes, that's right, Juvi Hall. HOWEVER, because I am nipping bad/unwanted/disrespectful behavior now while I am still in control of her, I will not have any issues with her when she becomes a teen-ager. Already she has learned that if she backtalks, screams, yells, demands things from either her father or me, she gets a swift swat on the clothed bottom and the discussion is over. I no longer have to chase her around the house trying to get her attention. Discipline is swift and immediate, there is no wondering 'when am I going to be punished?' She knows the minute the words are out of her mouth that she's in trouble. And trust me, she immediately starts to apologize, but still gets the single spanking on her behind. That being said, she does not get spanked for every little thing. If she is respectful, kind and does what she is asked/told to do, no problem. She has even gotten to the point in her thinking process to say'No, I don't want to' but guess what? She does it anyway, knowing there will be less trouble for her and things go smoothly and everyone in the household is happy. Learn to pick your battles, know when to duke it out and when to back off and let kids be kids, but be consistent about it. Sometimes being a parent is a fine line and it's not always easy to walk the walk and talk the talk. You don't always get it right the first time, or the second or the third. Eventually you get to where you are managing your life day to day and things are going along really well. Just my humble opinion - oh by the way.
I was spanked as a child. Not abused by no means. I deserved the spankings. I spanked my children but not being mad when I did it. I would just sit in a chair and tell them to come and get across my lap. Didn't yell at them at all, just gave them a wack or two on the butt... I lost my son tragically 2 years ago this Dec. and he was 47 and one of the things he had told me a number of times was, " Mom, I am so proud of the way you and dad raised me. I know the spankings made me a better person and I thank you." I will always remember that. Like I said the spankings were not given in anger. Just wanted to share what he said with you. Thanks
I was spanked as a child but not very often I was pretty good but my brothers were always getting spanked with the belt. I do spank my son, we waited till he understood he was doing something wrong. We usually reserve it for defiance and extreme measures. We usually try not to spank when we are mad or just to punish but to discipline and we have a 3 smack rule anything over that is to hurt him not correct him. If he runs in the street he is going to feel the pain on his bottom that could have happened so he doesn't do it again. Time outs work good for most things for him though, he hates that the most. And since we have spanked him a threat works real good so we don't have to a lot because he knows we will. I think that is the key follow through.
I was spanked as a child but not very often I was pretty good but my brothers were always getting spanked with the belt. I do spank my son, we waited till he understood he was doing something wrong. We usually reserve it for defiance and extreme measures. We usually try not to spank when we are mad or just to punish but to discipline and we have a 3 smack rule anything over that is to hurt him not correct him. If he runs in the street he is going to feel the pain on his bottom that could have happened so he doesn't do it again. Time outs work good for most things for him though, he hates that the most. And since we have spanked him a threat works real good so we don't have to a lot because he knows we will. I think that is the key follow through.
we were beat......... welts up the backs of our legs and sometimes the belt had missed our bare bottoms and welted our lower backs or our sides. We were screamed at ordered around and eventually I was even sexually abused. I respected and feared my elders through it all. Did, I spank? Yes. Did I beat HELL NO! My children have never nor will they ever experience what I did when I was growing up. Was I afraid of the rules of spanking? No, b/c I never beat them. If they needed a 'get your attention' swat on the butt in a store they got it. But, it seldom happened and I think b/c how I did it made it work for me. I did however yell. THAT I am not entirely happy with and found it harder to to retain that. But, the 'laying on of hands' happened. when it was needed. AND it hasn't happened in many years. My children love me .... they hug on me all the time. Even my adult son (19) comes home to mamma to get hugs and of course food. Infact, the last time he got smacked he was 18 years old. I'm 5'2" and he's 6'1" he said i was "acting bitchy". He admitted that he deserved that slap in the face. Of course it was after he laughed a bit (making me madder) at how fast i whirled around on him and caught him.
I believe in spanking not abusing. Their is a big difference. One of the biggest difference is why they get spanked. You don't spank for mistakes. You only spank when it is to displine and no other mannor has worked
AMEN!!!!! YOU GO MAGGIE!!!I THINK DISAPLINE SHOULD START AT HOME, AND PUTTING LITTLE JOHNNY IN A CORNER JUST DOESN'T CUT IT! KIDS AREN'T AFFRAID OF AUTHORITY ANYMORE, AND THAT'S SCARRY! I'M NOT SAYING BEAT THEM, BUT THEY NEED TO KNOW SOME FEAR FOR DISAPLINE. EVER SEEN THE KIDS ON SUPER NANNY? IF THEY EVER NEEDED ANYTHING, IT WAS A GOOD POTCH ON THE BUTT!!!!!
I was spanked as a child....I still remember an incident when my mother chased me around with a slipper to spank me and accidentally broke my lip. She was in such a heat of anger that she didn't even notice it and denied that she did it to me later....that was more than 20 years ago and I still remember and still resent it to this day.
I did spank my little boy when he started acting up at about 2 and 1/2 yrs old but stopped soon after because of the guilt I felt after the spanking. He is now almost 4 years old and I am proud to say that I have not lifted a finger to physically hurt him since then. I knew that I was spanking out of frustration, not out of some sense of lesson in discipline...It certainly didn't teach him anything other than to fear me and to act in violence when he is angry and frustrated. I'm now dealing with the consequences of that.
I guess what I'm saying is that, for me, spanking is not the way to teach discipline. I certainly didn't feel that my parents, having spanked me, taught me well in that regard. It only bred resentment in me for the longest time against my parents. Only now have I come to forgive them but I've also learned that I don't want to have that same kind of resentment towards me by my kids.
YES I WAS SPANKED AS A CHILD, AND FOR GOOD REASONS AS I CAN REMEMBER. I DO SPANK MY CHILD, OCCASIONALLY WHEN NEEDED. I THINK THE REASON KIDS ARE THE WAY THEY ARE TODAY IS BECAUSE THERE'S NO REAL DISAPLINE ANYMORE. A FRIEND OF MINE IS A POLICE OFFICER AND SHE EVEN SPANKS HER KIDS! IT'S OK AS LONG AS YOU YOU KEEP AN OPEN HAND AND IT'S ON THEIR BUTT. THERE'S A HUGE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPANKING AND ABUSE, PEOPLE CAN GET CARRIED AWAY, THEN IT'S ABUSE... TIME OUTS DON'T WORK FOR MY KID, HE'S AS STUBBORN AS I AM....
Yes, I was spanked, spanked my own 2 and also do my 3 grandchildren when needed. You don't have to beat one, but it gets it across. I retired after 35 years of teaching and the behavior and respect of children has gotten so bad. I feel it is greatly due to the lack of discipline of children by lots of parents. When I first started teaching, we could use a paddle. I didn't have to spank too many. All I had to do was get the paddle out of my desk and the children would get very quiet and listen. However, generally when one got in trouble at school, he/she would be in trouble when they got home. That doesn't happen today. For the most part, if a child gets in trouble at school, it's what has the teacher done? So sad, but true.
I was spanked. The Hubs was spanked. We are not spanking our daughter, we have found other methods of discipline that make a lot more sense. I remember feeling incredibly embarrassed, hurt and vulnerable when I was spanked, and I just don't think that's a good way to teach a child what is and isn't right. | 2023-12-30T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8314 |
/* CharAtom.java
* =========================================================================
* This file is originally part of the JMathTeX Library - http://jmathtex.sourceforge.net
*
* Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Universiteit Gent
* Copyright (C) 2009 DENIZET Calixte
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
* your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* General Public License for more details.
*
* A copy of the GNU General Public License can be found in the file
* LICENSE.txt provided with the source distribution of this program (see
* the META-INF directory in the source jar). This license can also be
* found on the GNU website at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html.
*
* If you did not receive a copy of the GNU General Public License along
* with this program, contact the lead developer, or write to the Free
* Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
* 02110-1301, USA.
*
* Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules
* is making a combined work based on this library. Thus, the terms
* and conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
* combination.
*
* As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
* permission to link this library with independent modules to produce
* an executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
* modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under terms
* of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked independent
* module, the terms and conditions of the license of that module.
* An independent module is a module which is not derived from or based
* on this library. If you modify this library, you may extend this exception
* to your version of the library, but you are not obliged to do so.
* If you do not wish to do so, delete this exception statement from your
* version.
*
*/
package com.himamis.retex.renderer.share;
/**
* An atom representing exactly one alphanumeric character and the text style in
* which it should be drawn.
*/
public class CharAtom extends CharSymbol {
// alphanumeric character
protected final char c;
// text style (null means the default text style)
protected int textStyle = TextStyle.NONE;
/**
* Creates a CharAtom that will represent the given character in the given
* text style. Null for the text style means the default text style.
*
* @param c
* the alphanumeric character
* @param textStyle
* the text style in which the character should be drawn
*/
public CharAtom(char c, int textStyle, boolean mathMode) {
this.c = c;
this.textStyle = textStyle;
this.mathMode = mathMode;
}
public CharAtom(char c, boolean mathMode) {
this(c, TextStyle.NONE, mathMode);
}
public CharAtom(char c, int textStyle) {
this(c, textStyle, false);
}
public CharAtom(char c) {
this(c, TextStyle.NONE, false);
}
@Override
public Box createBox(TeXEnvironment env) {
if (textStyle == TextStyle.NONE) {
textStyle = env.getTextStyle();
}
final boolean smallCap = env.getSmallCap();
final Char ch = getChar(env.getTeXFont(), env.getStyle(), smallCap);
CharBox box;
if (smallCap && Character.isLowerCase(c)) {
// We have a small capital
box = new ScaledCharBox(ch, 0.8);
} else {
box = new CharBox(ch);
}
if (isMathMode() && mustAddItalicCorrection()) {
box.addToWidth(ch.getItalic());
}
return box;
}
public char getCharacter() {
return c;
}
/*
* Get the Char-object representing this character ("c") in the right text
* style
*/
public Char getChar(TeXFont tf, int style, boolean smallCap) {
char chr = c;
if (smallCap && Character.isLowerCase(c)) {
chr = Character.toUpperCase(c);
}
if (textStyle == TextStyle.NONE) {
return tf.getChar(chr, TextStyle.MATHNORMAL, style);
} else {
return tf.getChar(chr, textStyle, style);
}
}
@Override
public Char getChar(TeXEnvironment env) {
return getChar(env.getTeXFont(), env.getStyle(), env.getSmallCap());
}
@Override
public CharFont getCharFont(TeXFont tf) {
return getChar(tf, TeXConstants.STYLE_DISPLAY, false).getCharFont();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "CharAtom: \'" + c + "\'";
}
}
| 2024-03-22T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1067 |
Q:
RegEx and JavaScript: Pipes are getting left behind when group is replaced
I'm trying to replace an entire variable within an expression. The variable is preceded by either a start-of-string character (carat) or a pipe, and proceeded by either an end-of-string character (dollar sign) or a pipe. I need to replace the entire variable, including preceding and proceeding characters, with a pipe. I have the following code to capture the variable:
fullVar1 = new RegExp("((\||^)" + "(" + var1 + ")" + "(\||$))");
and the following code to replace the variable:
expression = expression.replace(fullVar1.exec(expression)[1], "\|");
Sadly, any pipes that should have been captured as part of the variable are left behind, although non-pipe characters are replaced as they should be.
Example input:
expression = "A|~A|B";
var1 = A;
var1 = ~A;
Processing:
fullVar1 = new RegExp("((\||^)" + "(" + var1 + ")" + "(\||$))");
fullVar1 = new RegExp("((\||^)" + "(" + var1 + ")" + "(\||$))");
expression = expression.replace(fullVar1.exec(expression)[1], "\|");
expression = expression.replace(fullVar2.exec(expression)[1], "\|");
Expected example output:
expression == "B";
Current example output:
expression == "||B";
What am I doing wrong?
Thanks for your time!
A:
When you are using a string literal you should escape the backslash as well.. This should work:
fullVar1 = new RegExp("((\\||^)" + "(" + var1 + ")" + "(\\||$))");
// ^ ^
JavaScript generally ignores backslash that don't escape a special character. This can be easily demonstrated like this:
console.log("Backslash is ignored:", "\|")
console.log("Backslash is properly escaped:", "\\|")
| 2023-11-05T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3210 |
I’ve been struck by how many conversations revolve around our labels. "I’m ADD, OCD, manic, depressed, disabled, handicapped, diabetic." The list goes on and on. We throw out labels as if they clarify who we are, maybe even our most defining marks.
We use these descriptors as a way of helping people keep their expectations of us in order. The problem is, when we use one of these labels to describe ourselves, they often give us our deepest sense of identity. We believe the lie that the label defines us. We shift from believing a particular label is something we face to believing it’s someone we are.
Labels are powerful things we can misconstrue as our identities. But what if we came to understand that labels don’t define us? That, instead, they are an explanation to help the world understand things we’ve dealt with or come up against? When we don’t view our identity through a label, we’re able to find ways to thrive in spite of whatever label we are living under. This mindset helps us turn from despair to hope in action.
When I faced panic attacks eight years ago, I didn’t have a diagnosis for what was happening. Looking back, it was a grace because this kept me from giving myself a label that I could make part of my identity and give up thinking I could live any other way.
LINK SEEN BETWEEN ADHD AND DIGITAL MEDIA: STUDY
Instead, I tried new approaches to try and overcome my fear of being trapped in tight spaces. Each day I prayed for a heavy dose of peace and courage, and then tried to push through my claustrophobia via exposure. I continued to approach subways, elevators and crowds, scary as it was. Some days I was successful, and some days I’d retreat. But the game-changer was learning who Christ really made me to be and discovering my true identity.
Over time, the small spaces lost their scariness. I didn’t hesitate to hop on an elevator or a subway train. And although my panic attacks began years ago on an airplane, I now hop on an airplane on many Fridays in order to share the healing journey of these rhythms with people around the country. The irony is not lost on me. My pain became my purpose.
CLICK HERE TO SIGN UP FOR OUR OPINION NEWSLETTER
Today, 76 percent of us believe we best “define ourselves” by looking within. That is if we stare deep into our psyches and evaluate our feelings, personalities, passions desires, and even addictions long enough, we will discover our true selves.
But looking only at ourselves can bring disillusionment and lead us to an empty place. Why? Because though our internal realities are true, they don’t define us. They don’t always show us who we really are. After all, isn’t the self always growing? Isn’t the soul-oriented toward God always changing on its journey to eternity? Staring into a mirror might show us what we look like in the moment, but it cannot show us who we are or where we’re going.
So how do we find our true identity, who we are and where we’re going? The Christian faith leads us beyond the trappings of ourselves and into an identity rooted in something more solid, more immovable — God Himself. Identity in Him is trustworthy and unchanging.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
When our identity is found in who God says we are rather than in our highs and lows, our successes and failures, or our desires, affections or shortcomings, we experience the freedom we were meant to enjoy.
If you have worn your own identity label like a name tag, take a moment to ask God who you are in Him. Root yourself deep in that identity. Then, with an identity rooted in the God who gives wisdom, strength and love, go out into the world, secure and confident in who you really are. | 2024-07-02T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5370 |
Hello friends, welcome to my channel.
I am doctor Ritu Jain and I am Homeopathic consultant.
and today I am going to talk about
homeopathic medicine for ASHWAGANDHA.
I will talk about ashwagandha, it's doses
it's symptoms and
how and where it acts on the body
so let us start the discussion about ashwagandha medicine.
Ashwagandha medicine
is a very ancient and known ayurvedic medicine
which is very effective,it is a type of tonic
it is a full body tonic
it has a lot of uses and is very effective
specially the homeopathic name is
Withania somnifera
so Withania somnifera
is a homeopathic medicine name.
Now let us talk about it's symptoms, how
it acts on the body.
specially there are 10 symptoms
so first
in your body
it has a good effect on your brain.
In the brain, it boosts your brain function, which means
if there is lot of brain functioning then
there is memory
loss and your memory is getting weak
and you gradually start to forget then
this medicine very effective for such weak memory people
and increases their memory
you weak memory is recovered and along with that
if you have anxiety and depression then
there also it shows good results.
The next symptom is a very good immune booster
immune booster means
when there is immune weakness
and are often sick then
it strengths your immune system
and it develops your immune system
and your fighting ability towards foriegn bodies increases.
so this one of the best
type of immune booster.Third symptom is
it a type of heart tonic
which is very effective for heart diseases.
If anybody has heart diseases where
they feel tired after walking for a short distance
palpitations are seen then
it is a very effective medicine in this as a heart tonic.
It also works as a liver tonic
because if you have any liver diseases
or any digestive problem
due to weak liver then
there also it is a very effective medicine.
because it specially it reduces cholestrol
and helps in reduction of triglyceroids.
So your triglyceroid reduces and
and even your cholestrol level reduces which helps your heart
and liver to be healthy and relieved.
So it works as a heart tonic.
So there are other symptoms also.
such as there are male and female symptoms
like in males if there
is reduction of testosterone level
there is disturbance like night fall
or erectile dis-function then
there also it is a very effective medicine.
it is very effective in females also
in females if there is
rapid or often
urine infection then
this medicine will be affective that will
work as a very good tonic
and improves your immune system and
reduces your infections.
Along with that there are natural steroids
are also found in your body
which will help you because of which
you don't need to take artificial steroids
so they are found in the body but very small amount because of which
your body gets a lot of help.Along with that
there are ati-inflamatory properties
if you have any swelling or burning
then for that the affective medicine is ashwagandha.
Then apsrt from that there are other symptoms
people who are weak
due to weakness
your muscular mass is weak
foe muscle weakness also it helps a lot.
it boosts your muscular mass
It increases your muscular mass.
The effect of muscular mass is shown
where if you have weakness or your weight
is loss then
this medicine increases your muscular mass and
as muscle mass increases and you grow strong
then the affect can be seen
for your weight gain.
For weight gain also it effects very much
and along with that there is another thing
if you are suffering from obesity then
this medicine can be taken because it
helps in dissolving the fat
and your muscles grow strong then
your body build up improves and becomes strong
and is also healthy . So it is very effective
for weight gain and also for
weight loss because for a healthy body
should not have more fat ,
your muscles should be strong and
and fat should be less.
So this is the action of the medicine
on muscular mass.It
dissolves your fat so
it is a very affective medicine for weight loss
and weight gain.
It is not like that it only increases muscular mass
so the obesity patient cannot take this
as it will increase the fat but it does nit increase your fat
dissolves your fat and makes your muscles strong
if there is muscular disease
like muscular atrophy disease
there also it is very effective medicine
because the muscular muscles
grow strong and is very helpful.
There are many other symptoms
which I cannot complete it in one video
and there is an other very important symptom which
helps you stay young
if you are aging soon then
if you continuously take the medicine
then your body becomes strong
and helps you look young
so you can use it for that also
now let us talk about it's doses
it is generally taken in lower potency
it is taken in mother tincture form or 1x potency form.
so if your unable to take in mother tincture form
then you can take in 1x potency 2 tablets
three times a day
and if mother tinture is taken then the doses
15-20 drops with a half cup of water
2-3 times a day is taken.
you can use it in mother tincture form then
it is very affective.so this was a very little
information about ashwagandha and
if you like today's video then like my video
share and also subscribe to my channel
and if you do not understand in the video
and if you want to know anything more about it
then you can comment and tell me
thank you.
| 2023-10-19T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8479 |
using Studyzy.IMEWLConverter.Entities;
using Studyzy.IMEWLConverter.Helpers;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Studyzy.IMEWLConverter.IME
{
public abstract class BaseTextImport:BaseImport
{
public abstract WordLibraryList ImportLine(string line);
public abstract Encoding Encoding
{
get;
}
public WordLibraryList Import(string path)
{
string str = FileOperationHelper.ReadFile(path);
return ImportText(str);
}
protected virtual bool IsContent(string line)
{
return true;
}
public WordLibraryList ImportText(string str)
{
var wlList = new WordLibraryList();
string[] lines = str.Split(new[] { "\r","\n" }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
CountWord = lines.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++)
{
string line = lines[i];
CurrentStatus = i;
try
{
if (IsContent(line))
{
wlList.AddWordLibraryList(ImportLine(line));
}
}
catch
{
SendImportLineErrorNotice("无效的词条，解析失败：" + line);
}
}
return wlList;
}
}
}
| 2024-02-13T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6848 |
Q:
What is "birthright" really?
I am having a hard time in understanding these biblical verses:
And the sons of Reuben the first-born of Israel—for he was the first-born; but, forasmuch as he defiled his father's couch, his birthright was given unto the sons of Joseph the son of Israel, yet not so that he was to be reckoned in the genealogy as first-born. For Judah prevailed above his brethren, and of him came he that is the prince; but the birthright was Joseph's—
― 1 Chronicles 5:1–2 (JPS)
If [as I understand], one of the rights of being a first-born meant the King and eventually the Messaiah was to be descended from the first born, and this passed from Rueben to Judah, skipping Simeon, Levi, what then did Joseph get with his being given the birthright? What does "birthright" really mean [in Judaism]?
The best and correct answer will correct any misunderstanding on my part.
A:
The "birthright" as used here that went to Yoseph is the "double portion".
The Artscroll commentary on Reuven cites Targum Yonasan as pointing out that there were three items that had been originally given to the first born.
Rashi says:
you do not deserve to serve in the superior positions that were
designated for you.
Targum Yonatan says:
But because you sinned my son, the birthright is given to Yoseph, the
kingship to Yehudah, and the priesthood to Levi
Once Reuven lost the three elements of the bechorah, Yaakov divided them to the most appropriate children.
Yoseph as the firstborn of Rachel and as the savior of the family (and ruler in Mitzraim) was the most appropriate to receive the "double portion". This was expressed when Yoseph's two children were raised to the status of tribe in themselves. ויחי 48:3
Note that Rashi says that each of Bnai Yisrael received the same amount of land so that Ephraim and Menashe received the same amount in total that they would have received as the tribe of Yosef. It was only the honor of banners and marching as separate tribes that caused them to have a "double portion"
Ramban says that each tribe received 1/12 of the land which was then divided so that Ephraim and Menashe now received two portions of land which was the double portion of the "birthright".
Note also that verse 21 has Yoseph given an extra portion (Shechem) as well, though Maharshal says this was in gratitude to the oath he swore to his father. Others say it refers to the extra tribe as above.
@hazoriz pointed to (as well as other pointers in the comments above)
מצודת דוד על דברי הימים א ה, א כי הוא הבכור . ר''ל עם כי הוא הבכור
והיה א''כ מהראוי להזכיר יחוסו ראשון : ובחללו . אבל בעת שחלל ובזה יצועי
אביו ובלבלה לבל יהא מצוי תדיר אצל בלהה אז נלקחה הבכורה מעמו ונתנה
ליוסף להיות נוטל פי שנים כבכור להיות בניו נחלקים לשני שבטים :
Rav Hirsch points out that even though Yosef is worthy of the honor of the bechor, he cannot become the leader of the Bnai Yisrael because he triggered jealousy among his brothers and thus could not bring them together in unity.
Note that in 49:26 Yaakov calls Yoseph "Nezir Echav" which means the "morally ennobled one" and not the crowned one.
My own comment is that we see that Yerav'am split the kingdom and showed that this flaw could still reveal itself.
Levi because of his zeal and feeling of brotherhood was fit for the Kehunah but because of his trait of anger the zeal disqualified him for the malchus. That is why Yaakov said that they had to be split up among the Bnai Yisrael and live on the terumos and maasros but not inherit land. This dependence on his brethren also made him unfit for the meluchah.
My own comment here is that we see what happened when the Chashmonaim took on the role of prince and king and how it led to their downfall.
Yehudah was the one who Rav Hirsch says in 49:10
This trend in Yehudah's character to have influence in the nation both
internally and externally befitted him for "scepter and lawgiving
style", to be the Lord Protector of both material and spiritual
forces.
My own comment here is that he was the one who stepped forward to protect Binyamin, who recognized and admitted his mistakes with the sale of Yoseph and the incident of Tamar. He was the one that Yaakov sent ahead to Mitzraim to prepare the way for the Bnai Yisrael to live in Goshen. He was thus the one who deserved the Malchus.
As we see, Yaakov recognized that these three aspects that would normally have been granted to Reuven as the bechor had to be split to three different elements of his children.
| 2023-08-20T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9147 |
/*
* The BodgeIt Store and its related class files.
*
* The BodgeIt Store is a vulnerable web application suitable for pen testing
*
* Copyright 2011 psiinon@gmail.com
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package com.thebodgeitstore.selenium.tests;
import org.openqa.selenium.Proxy;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.CapabilityType;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
public class FunctionalZAP extends FunctionalTest {
public void setUp() throws Exception {
String target = System.getProperty("zap.targetApp");
if (target != null && target.length() > 0) {
// Theres an override
setSite(target);
}
Proxy proxy = new Proxy();
proxy.setHttpProxy(System.getProperty("zap.proxy"));
// We use firefox as an example here.
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabilities.setCapability(CapabilityType.PROXY, proxy);
// You could use any webdriver implementation here
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
this.setDriver(driver);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
FunctionalZAP test = new FunctionalZAP();
test.setUp();
test.testAll();
test.tearDown();
}
}
| 2024-03-17T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5173 |
174 Cal.App.3d 659 (1985)
220 Cal. Rptr. 195
CHARLES M. SPURGEON et al., Plaintiffs and Respondents,
v.
GEORGE J. DRUMHELLER, Defendant and Appellant.
Docket No. D001676.
Court of Appeals of California, Fourth District, Division One.
November 19, 1985.
*661 COUNSEL
Leon E. Campbell for Defendant and Appellant.
Duke, Gerstel, Shearer & Bregante and Richard D. Bregante for Plaintiffs and Respondents.
OPINION
LEWIS, J.
I
FACTS
Appellant George J. Drumheller entered into a written contract on May 1, 1982, to purchase respondents Charles and Sally Spurgeon's residence for $385,000. The terms of sale were Drumheller would take "subject to" two existing deeds of trust, one of which had a balance of $212,000 and was held by Far West Savings and Loan, a state chartered savings institution, and contained a "due on sale" clause. At that time, Wellenkamp v. Bank of America (1978) 21 Cal.3d 943 [148 Cal. Rptr. 379, 582 P.2d 970], precluded enforcement of a due on sale clause by state chartered institutions unless the lender could demonstrate necessity to prevent impairment of the security or risk of default. Drumheller received a letter from the escrow bank dated June 10, 1982, demanding he complete and return a financial questionnaire from Far West Savings and Loan in order to close the escrow. Drumheller contacted his attorney requesting the escrow be cancelled, and the attorney wrote a letter cancelling the agreement. Respondents filed suit for breach of contract on July 2, 1982.
Respondents relisted the property for sale at $390,000, then dropped the price to $365,000. By November 17, 1982, respondents removed the property from the market. Respondents continue to live in the residence and have never sold it, reoffered it for sale, or intended to sell it since then.
*662 Drumheller alleged a mutual mistake of fact, consisting of a lack of understanding by both parties that the lender, Far West, would "involve itself" in the transaction. The court found there was no such mutual mistake, that appellant was not legally required to respond to Far West in order to complete the purchase, and there was no showing both parties contemplated no financial suitability information would be requested by any existing mortgagee.
The contract price of $385,000 "subject to" the existing encumbrances equated to a cash basis price of $376,090, according to the testimony of respondents' expert, which was the only testimony on the subject of value of the contract. The trial court's statement of decision, No. 12, recites "with regard to the issue of cash value of the contract of sale at the date of the breach, the court is unable to determine what is precisely meant. The contract price was $385,000."
The court found the fair market value of the property reduced to cash as of the date of the breach to be $350,000.
As to value at the time of trial in January 1984, the only evidence was from appellant's expert, whose testimony was the current market value was $385,000, but referred to his report which stated it to be $380,000. He testified that was on an all cash basis. He later testified as to variations from an all cash basis, but that testimony related to value as of 1982. The court's finding on this issue was: "10. With regard to the issue of whether the subject property increased in value from the date of breach to the date of trial, and if so, to what extent, the court's decision is the subject property did increase in fair market value from the date of breach to the date of trial. The court based its decision on the following facts and legal basis:
"a. The fair market value reduced to cash at the date of breach was $350,000.
"b. There was expert testimony that the current market value was $380,000. It was not determined whether this was an all cash basis or otherwise.
The trial court awarded judgment to respondents (sellers) for loss of bargain damages in the sum of $26,090, prejudgment interest at 10 percent from June 23, 1982, cancellation charges of $380, costs of $230.75 and attorney's fees of $6,111.75.
After denial of a motion for new trial, Drumheller appeals, asserting the uncontradicted evidence shows a mutual mistake of a material fact entitling *663 Drumheller to rescind the contract, the respondents are not entitled to damages as a matter of law, and the amount of damages awarded was incorrect.
II
(1) Drumheller's assertion the uncontradicted evidence shows a mutual mistake of a material fact focuses on Far West "involving itself" in the transaction by requesting financial and credit information from Drumheller. Respondents' expert witness Alan Perry testified that although state chartered institutions were precluded from enforcing the due on sale clause under Wellenkamp, supra, 21 Cal.3d 943, absent an ability to demonstrate an impairment of their security or risk of foreclosure, the lending institutions at the time made a practice of requesting or "demanding" information from purchasers buying "subject to" in an effort to cause a renegotiation of the loan rate. (Here, the rate was 11.75 percent on the existing loan and rates in 1982 were higher.) Perry also testified that Drumheller was under no legal obligation to respond to Far West's requests or demands and had the legal right to complete the "subject to" purchase while telling Far West to "go to hell," and the trial court so found.[1] Appellant presses on, contending that misses the point, which is that neither party contemplated Far West would "become involved" by making this demand or request, and that is the mutual mistake.
The court found there was "no showing that both parties contemplated at the time of the contract that no financial suitability information would be requested by any existing mortgagee." Our inquiry is limited to whether any substantial evidence supports this finding, or more accurately, since appellant had the burden of proof on this issue, we look to see whether the state of the evidence compels the finding there was a mutual mistake of a material fact. Appellant argues that under Civil Code section 1577[2] he need only establish a mutual ignorance of a fact or a belief in the present existence of a thing material to the contract which does not exist. Drumheller testified the existing financing was paramount to him, he wanted to avoid any "balloon payment," and he understood "subject to" meant he could continue the existing financing without any involvement of the existing lenders, and he has never been involved with a due on sale clause. Spurgeon *664 had been in the business of building and selling homes, had been involved in eight or ten transactions involving due on sale clauses, and had no reason to believe Drumheller would be sent a request for credit information and no reason to believe he would not. There was no presently existing fact of which Mr. Spurgeon was unaware. We cannot say the trial court's finding is unsupported by the evidence or that the opposite finding was required by the evidence.
III
The evidence here is the fair market value of the property in terms of cash was $350,000 at the time of breach of the contract in June 1982, and $380,000 at the time of trial in January 1984. The cash basis value of the terms of the contract of sale was $376,090.
(2) It is clear that damages for loss of the bargain are measured by comparing the cash value of the contract to the cash fair market value at the time of the breach. (Royer v. Carter (1951) 37 Cal.2d 544, 549-550 [233 P.2d 539]; Abrams v. Motter (1970) 3 Cal. App.3d 828, 840-841 [83 Cal. Rptr. 855]; Civ. Code, § 3307.)[3] It is equally clear that despite this rule, if the property increases in value before trial and the vendor resells the property at a price higher than the value of the contract, there are no longer any loss of bargain damages.
Freedman v. The Rector (1951) 37 Cal.2d 16, 19 [230 P.2d 629, 31 A.L.R.3d 1], observes "[s]ince [seller] resold the property for $2,000 more than [buyer] had agreed to pay for it, it is clear that [seller] suffered no damage as a result of [buyer's] breach." Smith v. Maddy (1983) 146 Cal. App.3d 129, 133 [194 Cal. Rptr. 42], explains "had [buyers] performed [sellers] would be in a worse position. By the resale sellers have obtained a $10,000 increment which is more than sufficient to absorb the $2,648.34 in increased costs of continuing ownership." (3) The same rule of no loss of bargain damages to the vendor applies where the resale is for the same price as the contract price. (Royer v. Carter, supra, 37 Cal.2d 544, 550 ["`Thus in a case where the property is sold at the market value and that value remains constant until after the breach, and the property is then resold at the same price, the vendor could recover no damages under section 3307.'"]; Allen v. Enomoto (1964) 228 Cal. App.2d 798, 803 [39 Cal. Rptr. 815], five months after the breach ["[seller] sold the property ... at the same purchase price as that agreed to by [buyer].... There is therefore *665 no basis in the evidence for any recovery of damages by [seller] from [buyer] under the provisions of section 3307."].)
(4) For the reason that no loss of bargain damages are available to a seller if there is a resale at the same or a higher price than the contract price, the law imposes on the seller of the property the duty to exercise diligence and to make a resale within the shortest time possible. (Sutter v. Madrin (1969) 269 Cal. App.2d 161, 169 [74 Cal. Rptr. 627].) In discussing the duty to mitigate where the vendee seeks return of a deposit, the Sutter court states the requirement that resales be made with reasonable diligence "states a policy applicable to resales of real property. Whether the resale is made one, two or three months later, or whether it be a year or more, it should be made with reasonable diligence to qualify the vendor to an allowance of an off-set against the vendee's claim for restitution of money paid." (269 Cal. App.2d at p. 169.) (5) Although the matter of reasonable diligence in regard to a resale is an issue committed to the sound discretion of the trial court (ibid.) here the facts are not in dispute.
(6) Mr. Spurgeon's admirably candid testimony was that the primary purposes for selling the property were to achieve some cash for starting a business and to eliminate the large monthly payments on the property, and that these needs were met by a series of loans from Spurgeon's father beginning in July of 1982. The new business was developed into a profitable operation, his need for cash was satisfied, and he no longer had a need to sell the home. It is undisputed that at least since November of 1982, the Spurgeons have not attempted to sell the property and in fact have not and do not now hold the property for sale. To the contrary, since at least November of 1982, the Spurgeons have intended to retain the property as their residence.
Under these circumstances, we hold that as a matter of law respondents did not fulfill their duty to mitigate damages. The property having increased in value by the time of trial to a value exceeding the contract price plus respondents' actual expenses, and the decision to take the property off the market since November 1982 being solely in the control and for the benefit of respondents and for reasons unrelated to the marketability of the property, respondents' duty to mitigate is not satisfied and they can no longer maintain their action for damages. (See 1 Witkin, Summary of Cal. Law (8th ed. 1973) Contracts, § 670 et seq., p. 567 et seq.)
We recognize no reported case has dealt with the issue presented here, of an increase in value by the time of trial over the value of the contract, but without an actual resale. One reason for the absence of such decisions may very likely be that vendors who do not resell during a rising market recognize *666 they have an increased increment in their net worth (see Smith v. Maddy, supra, 146 Cal. App.3d 129, 133) and have thus wiped out loss of bargain damages resulting from the earlier buyer's breach of contract.
The judgment is reversed and the case remanded to the superior court to enter judgment for appellant consistent with this decision.
Kremer, P.J., and Staniforth, J., concurred.
A petition for a rehearing was denied December 19, 1985.
NOTES
[1] Since we decide this case in appellant's favor on other grounds, we do not undertake to here explore the necessity for a purchaser "subject to" an encumbrance to cooperate in the lender's investigation of credit worthiness.
[2] "Mistake of fact is a mistake, not caused by the neglect of a legal duty on the part of the person making the mistake, and consisting in:
"1. An unconscious ignorance or forgetfulness of a fact past or present, material to the contract; or,
"2. Belief in the present existence of a thing material to the contract, which does not exist, or in the past existence of such a thing, which has not existed."
[3] "The detriment caused by the breach of an agreement to purchase an estate in real property is deemed to be the excess, if any, of the amount which would have been due to the seller under the contract over the value of the property to him or her, consequential damages according to proof, and interest."
| 2024-02-10T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6402 |
Wayne Pacelle
My View
In the maelstrom that is the election, let’s remember that the 2016 election is ultimately about the values we hold dear in our society. Important things, treasured things, life and death things. The future of our children. The health of our environment. The safety of our communities. The security of our nation. Even the interests of the largest non-voting constituency in the nation.
Nothing less than the fate of untold billions of animals – endangered species, pets, farm animals and others – hangs in the balance this time around
Decades of incremental, bipartisan, consensus progress around the humane consideration of animals are up for grabs. Do we continue our forward motion toward a more compassionate world? Or do we retreat into a darker past where animals can be exploited in any fashion thought to bring short-term profit or even wicked pleasure?
Globe-trotting trophy hunters, factory farming titans, puppy mill apologists, advocates for horse slaughter, those seeking to eliminate the protective space of our nation’s parks and refuges – these are just some of the backward-looking people aligned with the presidential candidacy of Donald Trump. That cast includes Trump’s own sons – who prowl the world with that 19th-century eye to slay big and majestic creatures who they line up in their gunsights for trophies and bragging rights.
As a leader within the animal protection movement, I bring a non-partisan approach to elections, wanting all people of good intention to embrace the universal value that cruelty to animals is wrong.
Among its many harms, staying home sends a message that one does not care about making the lives of animals bearable, never mind great.
So together we have a choice this election. Candidate Hillary Clinton has a long and unmistakable record of defending animals against cruelty. She was a leader for animals as a U.S. senator. In this campaign, she framed the issue as plainly as can be: The way our society treats animals is a reflection of our humanity.
Indeed. America is great because of its humanity, its heart. America is great because of its enduring faith in itself and in better tomorrows.
Animals have a magic place in our journey. For the blind, the elderly, the war wounded, the ill, the bedridden, the lonely, animals aren’t just companions, they are sometimes the only warm presence to hold on to, and we are grateful. Millions and millions of us rejoice at the sight of animals in the wild. Consumers have been heard in the marketplace, and food purveyors are reducing the cruelties of intensive confinement agriculture. Entrepreneurs are in hot pursuit of innovations that will reduce animal suffering and strengthen our economy at the same time.
America is great not because of what divides us, but because of what holds us together across the divides. Our compassion for the least among us is one of those undergirding values. We owe them an hour and our wise vote on Tuesday.
Wayne Pacelle is executive vice president of the Humane Society Legislative Fund, www.hslf.org. | 2023-12-05T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4967 |
#include "smack.h"
#include <math.h>
// @expect verified
// @flag --integer-encoding=bit-vector
int main(void) {
float NaN = 0.0f / 0.0f;
float Inf = 1.0f / 0.0f;
float negInf = -1.0f / 0.0f;
assert(ceilf(2.1f) == 3.0f);
float val = __VERIFIER_nondet_float();
if (!__isnanf(val) && !__isinff(val) && !__iszerof(val)) {
assert(ceilf(val) >= val);
assert(ceilf(val) <= val + 1);
}
assert(ceilf(0.0f) == 0.0f);
assert(ceilf(-0.0f) == -0.0f);
int isNeg = __signbitf(ceilf(-0.0f));
assert(isNeg);
assert(ceilf(Inf) == Inf);
assert(ceilf(negInf) == negInf);
assert(__isnanf(ceilf(NaN)));
return 0;
}
| 2024-04-09T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8870 |
---
title: JavaScript 编程风格
layout: page
category: grammar
date: 2013-06-02
modifiedOn: 2013-10-26
---
## 概述
“编程风格”（programming style）指的是编写代码的样式规则。不同的程序员，往往有不同的编程风格。
有人说，编译器的规范叫做“语法规则”（grammar），这是程序员必须遵守的；而编译器忽略的部分，就叫“编程风格”（programming style），这是程序员可以自由选择的。这种说法不完全正确，程序员固然可以自由选择编程风格，但是好的编程风格有助于写出质量更高、错误更少、更易于维护的程序。
所以，编程风格的选择不应该基于个人爱好、熟悉程度、打字量等因素，而要考虑如何尽量使代码清晰易读、减少出错。你选择的，不是你喜欢的风格，而是一种能够清晰表达你的意图的风格。这一点，对于 JavaScript 这种语法自由度很高的语言尤其重要。
必须牢记的一点是，如果你选定了一种“编程风格”，就应该坚持遵守，切忌多种风格混用。如果你加入他人的项目，就应该遵守现有的风格。
## 缩进
行首的空格和 Tab 键，都可以产生代码缩进效果（indent）。
Tab 键可以节省击键次数，但不同的文本编辑器对 Tab 的显示不尽相同，有的显示四个空格，有的显示两个空格，所以有人觉得，空格键可以使得显示效果更统一。
无论你选择哪一种方法，都是可以接受的，要做的就是始终坚持这一种选择。不要一会使用 Tab 键，一会使用空格键。
## 区块
如果循环和判断的代码体只有一行，JavaScript 允许该区块（block）省略大括号。
```javascript
if (a)
b();
c();
```
上面代码的原意可能是下面这样。
```javascript
if (a) {
b();
c();
}
```
但是，实际效果却是下面这样。
```javascript
if (a) {
b();
}
c();
```
因此，建议总是使用大括号表示区块。
另外，区块起首的大括号的位置，有许多不同的写法。最流行的有两种，一种是起首的大括号另起一行。
```javascript
block
{
// ...
}
```
另一种是起首的大括号跟在关键字的后面。
```javascript
block {
// ...
}
```
一般来说，这两种写法都可以接受。但是，JavaScript 要使用后一种，因为 JavaScript 会自动添加句末的分号，导致一些难以察觉的错误。
```javascript
return
{
key: value
};
// 相当于
return;
{
key: value
};
```
上面的代码的原意，是要返回一个对象，但实际上返回的是`undefined`，因为 JavaScript 自动在`return`语句后面添加了分号。为了避免这一类错误，需要写成下面这样。
```javascript
return {
key : value
};
```
因此，表示区块起首的大括号，不要另起一行。
## 圆括号
圆括号（parentheses）在 JavaScript 中有两种作用，一种表示函数的调用，另一种表示表达式的组合（grouping）。
```javascript
// 圆括号表示函数的调用
console.log('abc');
// 圆括号表示表达式的组合
(1 + 2) * 3
```
建议可以用空格，区分这两种不同的括号。
> 1. 表示函数调用时，函数名与左括号之间没有空格。
>
> 2. 表示函数定义时，函数名与左括号之间没有空格。
>
> 3. 其他情况时，前面位置的语法元素与左括号之间，都有一个空格。
按照上面的规则，下面的写法都是不规范的。
```javascript
foo (bar)
return(a+b);
if(a === 0) {...}
function foo (b) {...}
function(x) {...}
```
上面代码的最后一行是一个匿名函数，`function`是语法关键字，不是函数名，所以与左括号之间应该要有一个空格。
## 行尾的分号
分号表示一条语句的结束。JavaScript 允许省略行尾的分号。事实上，确实有一些开发者行尾从来不写分号。但是，由于下面要讨论的原因，建议还是不要省略这个分号。
### 不使用分号的情况
首先，以下三种情况，语法规定本来就不需要在结尾添加分号。
**（1）for 和 while 循环**
```javascript
for ( ; ; ) {
} // 没有分号
while (true) {
} // 没有分号
```
注意，`do...while`循环是有分号的。
```javascript
do {
a--;
} while(a > 0); // 分号不能省略
```
**（2）分支语句：if，switch，try**
```javascript
if (true) {
} // 没有分号
switch () {
} // 没有分号
try {
} catch {
} // 没有分号
```
**（3）函数的声明语句**
```javascript
function f() {
} // 没有分号
```
注意，函数表达式仍然要使用分号。
```javascript
var f = function f() {
};
```
以上三种情况，如果使用了分号，并不会出错。因为，解释引擎会把这个分号解释为空语句。
### 分号的自动添加
除了上一节的三种情况，所有语句都应该使用分号。但是，如果没有使用分号，大多数情况下，JavaScript 会自动添加。
```javascript
var a = 1
// 等同于
var a = 1;
```
这种语法特性被称为“分号的自动添加”（Automatic Semicolon Insertion，简称 ASI）。
因此，有人提倡省略句尾的分号。麻烦的是，如果下一行的开始可以与本行的结尾连在一起解释，JavaScript 就不会自动添加分号。
```javascript
// 等同于 var a = 3
var
a
=
3
// 等同于 'abc'.length
'abc'
.length
// 等同于 return a + b;
return a +
b;
// 等同于 obj.foo(arg1, arg2);
obj.foo(arg1,
arg2);
// 等同于 3 * 2 + 10 * (27 / 6)
3 * 2
+
10 * (27 / 6)
```
上面代码都会多行放在一起解释，不会每一行自动添加分号。这些例子还是比较容易看出来的，但是下面这个例子就不那么容易看出来了。
```javascript
x = y
(function () {
// ...
})();
// 等同于
x = y(function () {...})();
```
下面是更多不会自动添加分号的例子。
```javascript
// 引擎解释为 c(d+e)
var a = b + c
(d+e).toString();
// 引擎解释为 a = b/hi/g.exec(c).map(d)
// 正则表达式的斜杠，会当作除法运算符
a = b
/hi/g.exec(c).map(d);
// 解释为'b'['red', 'green']，
// 即把字符串当作一个数组，按索引取值
var a = 'b'
['red', 'green'].forEach(function (c) {
console.log(c);
})
// 解释为 function (x) { return x }(a++)
// 即调用匿名函数，结果f等于0
var a = 0;
var f = function (x) { return x }
(a++)
```
只有下一行的开始与本行的结尾，无法放在一起解释，JavaScript 引擎才会自动添加分号。
```javascript
if (a < 0) a = 0
console.log(a)
// 等同于下面的代码，
// 因为 0console 没有意义
if (a < 0) a = 0;
console.log(a)
```
另外，如果一行的起首是“自增”（`++`）或“自减”（`--`）运算符，则它们的前面会自动添加分号。
```javascript
a = b = c = 1
a
++
b
--
c
console.log(a, b, c)
// 1 2 0
```
上面代码之所以会得到`1 2 0`的结果，原因是自增和自减运算符前，自动加上了分号。上面的代码实际上等同于下面的形式。
```javascript
a = b = c = 1;
a;
++b;
--c;
```
如果`continue`、`break`、`return`和`throw`这四个语句后面，直接跟换行符，则会自动添加分号。这意味着，如果`return`语句返回的是一个对象的字面量，起首的大括号一定要写在同一行，否则得不到预期结果。
```javascript
return
{ first: 'Jane' };
// 解释成
return;
{ first: 'Jane' };
```
由于解释引擎自动添加分号的行为难以预测，因此编写代码的时候不应该省略行尾的分号。
不应该省略结尾的分号，还有一个原因。有些 JavaScript 代码压缩器（uglifier）不会自动添加分号，因此遇到没有分号的结尾，就会让代码保持原状，而不是压缩成一行，使得压缩无法得到最优的结果。
另外，不写结尾的分号，可能会导致脚本合并出错。所以，有的代码库在第一行语句开始前，会加上一个分号。
```javascript
;var a = 1;
// ...
```
上面这种写法就可以避免与其他脚本合并时，排在前面的脚本最后一行语句没有分号，导致运行出错的问题。
## 全局变量
JavaScript 最大的语法缺点，可能就是全局变量对于任何一个代码块，都是可读可写。这对代码的模块化和重复使用，非常不利。
因此，建议避免使用全局变量。如果不得不使用，可以考虑用大写字母表示变量名，这样更容易看出这是全局变量，比如`UPPER_CASE`。
## 变量声明
JavaScript 会自动将变量声明”提升“（hoist）到代码块（block）的头部。
```javascript
if (!x) {
var x = {};
}
// 等同于
var x;
if (!x) {
x = {};
}
```
这意味着，变量`x`是`if`代码块之前就存在了。为了避免可能出现的问题，最好把变量声明都放在代码块的头部。
```javascript
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// ...
}
// 写成
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
// ...
}
```
上面这样的写法，就容易看出存在一个全局的循环变量`i`。
另外，所有函数都应该在使用之前定义。函数内部的变量声明，都应该放在函数的头部。
## with语句
`with`可以减少代码的书写，但是会造成混淆。
```javascript
with (o) {
foo = bar;
}
```
上面的代码，可以有四种运行结果：
```javascript
o.foo = bar;
o.foo = o.bar;
foo = bar;
foo = o.bar;
```
这四种结果都可能发生，取决于不同的变量是否有定义。因此，不要使用`with`语句。
## 相等和严格相等
JavaScript 有两个表示相等的运算符：”相等“（`==`）和”严格相等“（`===`）。
相等运算符会自动转换变量类型，造成很多意想不到的情况。
```javascript
0 == ''// true
1 == true // true
2 == true // false
0 == '0' // true
false == 'false' // false
false == '0' // true
' \t\r\n ' == 0 // true
```
因此，建议不要使用相等运算符（`==`），只使用严格相等运算符（`===`）。
## 语句的合并
有些程序员追求简洁，喜欢合并不同目的的语句。比如，原来的语句是
```javascript
a = b;
if (a) {
// ...
}
```
他喜欢写成下面这样。
```javascript
if (a = b) {
// ...
}
```
虽然语句少了一行，但是可读性大打折扣，而且会造成误读，让别人误解这行代码的意思是下面这样。
```javascript
if （a === b）{
// ...
}
```
建议不要将不同目的的语句，合并成一行。
## 自增和自减运算符
自增（`++`）和自减（`--`）运算符，放在变量的前面或后面，返回的值不一样，很容易发生错误。事实上，所有的`++`运算符都可以用`+= 1`代替。
```javascript
++x
// 等同于
x += 1;
```
改用`+= 1`，代码变得更清晰了。
建议自增（`++`）和自减（`--`）运算符尽量使用`+=`和`-=`代替。
## switch...case 结构
`switch...case`结构要求，在每一个`case`的最后一行必须是`break`语句，否则会接着运行下一个`case`。这样不仅容易忘记，还会造成代码的冗长。
而且，`switch...case`不使用大括号，不利于代码形式的统一。此外，这种结构类似于`goto`语句，容易造成程序流程的混乱，使得代码结构混乱不堪，不符合面向对象编程的原则。
```javascript
function doAction(action) {
switch (action) {
case 'hack':
return 'hack';
break;
case 'slash':
return 'slash';
break;
case 'run':
return 'run';
break;
default:
throw new Error('Invalid action.');
}
}
```
上面的代码建议改写成对象结构。
```javascript
function doAction(action) {
var actions = {
'hack': function () {
return 'hack';
},
'slash': function () {
return 'slash';
},
'run': function () {
return 'run';
}
};
if (typeof actions[action] !== 'function') {
throw new Error('Invalid action.');
}
return actions[action]();
}
```
因此，建议`switch...case`结构可以用对象结构代替。
## 参考链接
- Eric Elliott, Programming JavaScript Applications, [Chapter 2. JavaScript Style Guide](http://chimera.labs.oreilly.com/books/1234000000262/ch02.html), O'Reilly, 2013
- Axel Rauschmayer, [A meta style guide for JavaScript](http://www.2ality.com/2013/07/meta-style-guide.html)
- Axel Rauschmayer, [Automatic semicolon insertion in JavaScript](http://www.2ality.com/2011/05/semicolon-insertion.html)
- Rod Vagg, [JavaScript and Semicolons](http://dailyjs.com/2012/04/19/semicolons/)
| 2024-02-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1604 |
The Muslim vote is not insignificant. In New York alone, nearly 400,000 Muslims came out to vote in 2016. In Michigan, nearly another 120,000 Muslims voted.
“I don’t see how Democrats can go into these communities of color and ask for our votes and say they are going to defend us and protect us when they’re not defending their own,” Ali said.
They say the attacks on Omar are perceived as an attack on the entire Muslim community. The lack of support for the congresswoman is also perceived as weak support for the overall Muslim-American community.
Muslim voters like Ali are closely evaluating where each of the 2020 Democratic candidates have positioned themselves in relation to the attacks on Omar — primarily taking into account which politicians defended her and which ones engaged in the same Islamophobic rhetoric. When the election rolls around, they plan on taking action at the polls, many told HuffPost.
Just a few days ago, President Donald Trump targeted Omar on Twitter for remarks she made during a speech on Muslim civil rights last month. The response from Democrats was clearly divided. Some of the 2020 candidates, such as Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand , were criticized for tepid responses, while others like Cory Booker and Kamala Harris didn’t respond until days later over the weekend.
But it is now in 2019 that as a young black Muslim woman, Ali is left feeling deeply frustrated and disappointed with her party — primarily due to how the Democrats have treated Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-Minn.) ever since she was sworn in earlier this year.
Christina Ali is a 25-year-old nursing student at the University of South Florida and, for the last 7 years, has been a loyal Democrat. She voted for Hiliary Clinton during the 2016 presidential election and has always voted blue for every prior election since she turned 18 years old.
Nada Al-Hanooti is executive director of Emgage’s Michigan chapter, a nonpartisan organization that focuses on advocating and mobilizing Muslim voters. Al-Hanooti said for years Democrats took advantage of the Muslim vote and rarely engaged with them in a way that was authentic and deliberate. More than 66% of American Muslims identify with the Democratic party, compared to only 13% of Muslims who identify as Republicans. However both groups were critical of the way each of their respective parties treated their communities.
“Muslims are definitely taking notice of our allies,” Al-Hanooti told HuffPost. “If you attack our Muslim sisters and brothers, you are attacking the entire community. We don’t vote blindly.”
When asked about which 2020 candidate responded best to the attack’s Omar, both Ali and Al-Hanooti agreed upon Bernie Sanders. The Vermont senator was the first among the 2020 candidates to respond, just hours after Trump’s inflammatory tweet.
“Ilhan Omar is a leader with strength and courage. She won’t back down to Trump’s racism and hate, and neither will we. The disgusting and dangerous attacks against her must end,” he tweeted.
Raihan Faroqui is a resident physician based in West Nyack, New York, and a registered Democrat. Like Ali and Al-Hanooti, the 31-year-old Muslim American felt that Sanders was not only swift and strong in his response, but he had the the track record to back him up.
“I’ve always been team Bernie. So his tweet and Elizabeth Warren’s tweet was great because I know they have a history of calling out Islamophobia and a history of calling out anti-Muslim bigotry,” Faroqui told HuffPost.
Although Faroqui was happy to see the other 2020 Democrats follow their lead, he believes the other Democrats may not be authentic in their outrage against Omar. He worries those candidates only jumped on the bandwagon for the sake of their reputation.
“I’m extremely cleared on things like that. One tweet is not going to sway me,” he said.
During the 2016 Democratic primary, Bernie Sanders defeated Hillary Clinton in the fight for Michigan — largely thanks to the local Muslim community. (However, during the presidential elections, Trump won the state with 47.50% of the total votes compared to Hillary Clinton’s close 47.27%.)
Those numbers reflect a new reality. Young people are frustrated with their options, all of which is indicative of the freshman class of representatives beyond Omar such as her counterparts Rashida Tlaib (D-Mich.) and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.). Ali, however, doesn’t have much hope in the current leadership to support the new class and lead the country into the 2020 election.
“It makes it very clear which Democrats are open and willing to stand up for justice and and which Democrats are not,” Ali said.
Mohammad Khan, a campaign director at MPower Change, one of the largest Muslim digital advocacy organizations in the U.S. with a membership over a quarter million, aims to engage and mobilize Muslims on civic engagement issues.
Khan said the Muslim-American community learned a difficult lesson during the 2016 election when Trump was elected. Prior to that, due to the fact a large number of Muslims were not as civically engaged with their representatives, Muslim voter turnout was low.
In the wake of Trump’s presidency, anti-Muslim rhetoric and hate crimes have been on the rise. Muslims have been forced into action, Khan said. This was most apparent at the midterm elections in November, which was dubbed the Muslim blue wave. Nearly 100 Muslim candidates ran for office; in 2016 only a dozen ran.
Khan predicts that the attacks against Omar will have a similar effect going into 2020.
“There’s a lot more organizing and a lot more coordination nationally,” said Khan.
Nabintou Doumbia was one of those Muslims who became politically active after the 2016 election. The 22-year-old Detroit native with plans to enroll in law school is particularly dismayed by the Democrats’ reluctancy to call out anti-Muslim bigotry. She pointed to Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi’s tweet as a clear-cut example of Democrats tip-toeing around Islamophobia.
“I’m really thinking about accountability this time around,” Doumbia explained when asked how the latest events have swayed her opinion about the 2020 candidates. Doumbia, who voted Democrat in 2018, will be looking for a candidate who will not only call out Islamophobia forcefully, but who will not shy away from topics like racism, two issues which have been at the center of Omar’s attacks.
When Sen. Gillibrand tweeted the morning after Trump’s attack on Omar, her response was widely criticized as political jargon.
“As a Senator who represents 9/11 victims, I can’t accept any minimizing of that pain. But Trump’s dangerous rhetoric against @IlhanMN is disgusting. It’s a false choice to suggest we can’t fight terrorism and reject Islamophobic hate at once— a president should do both,” she tweeted.
New York resident Saema Khandakar was dismayed. The 37-year-oldpediatrician was rooting for Gillibrand for the 2020 Democratic nomination. As a woman in medicine, Khandakar liked Gillibrand’s policies on health care and women’s issues.
But Gillibrand’s response to the attacks on Omar has curbed her enthusiasm.
“I was really excited for her candidacy and for her presidency,” Khandakar told HuffPost. “But her response was very tepid and I was very disappointed. It definitely turned me away.”
Like the many Democratic Muslims before her, Khandakar evaluated the lack of support for Omar as a lack of support for the overall Muslim community.
“What is happening right now now with Ilhan Omar and how they respond is just a gauge as to how they are going to respond in the future to Islamophobic attacks and Islamophobia in general in the Muslim community,” she said.
Khandakar is now setting her eyes on Sanders and Warren for their swift and strong response against the Islamophobic attack against Omar. Her excitement for Gillibrand is now just “lukewarm,” she said.
Whether it’s Khandakar in New York or Ali in Florida, Muslims are crossing off names on their 2020 Democractic list — starting with those who didn’t openly support Omar.
“Ilhan Omar is not just a congressperson. She is representative of a large population who feel unheard in his country,” said Ali. “We’re watching, we’re listening and we will be responding at the polls.” | 2023-12-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8822 |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<solid android:color="#26000000" />
<corners android:radius="50dp" />
</shape> | 2024-01-30T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1319 |
Global bioethics blog
Promoting reflection on bioethics and research ethics issues in Sub-Saharan Africa
Saturday, November 28, 2009
The rich using the poor as beauty products? (with update)
This one falls into the 'obviously wrong if true category.' According to reports last week, police in Peru have arrested members of a gang who murdered a string of peasant farmers, drained the fat from their dead bodies, and then attempted to sell it to European cosmetics manufacturers. How the fat was extracted from the corpses is gruesome enough to gain the attention of bad horror film producers, and I will spare you the details. What is interesting, though sick, is the very idea of an international black market in human body fat for cosmetic purposes. The rich have long had (or have been sold) some strange notions about special concoctions allegedly capable of turning back the hands of time, or at least the signs of wear and tear on the human face. But using body fat is a new one, and harvesting it among Peru's poor (rather than more corpulent and frequently liposuctioned populations elsewhere) just seems gratuitous -- not that there is some part of the world where this should pass as acceptable behavior.
As the Independent points out, the gangsters oddly discarded more lucrative items in the form of livers, kidneys or lungs. My instinctive response: don't give them any ideas.
UPDATE (Dec 1, 2009): it seems to be false, after all. Since the story broke, no evidence has been uncovered to support the gruesome tale of murder and body fat sales, and the anti-kidnapping investigator at the origin of the story has been suspended. The story seems to have been a recycled version of the old Peruvian myth about Pichtacos -- a kind of South American vampire/cannibal. Rumor has it that the police authorities told the story just to distract the Peruvian public from real social problems. But who knows if we will ever get to the bottom of this one.
Thursday, November 19, 2009
National Health Insurance in South Africa put on hold
South African president Jacob Zuma and American president Barack Obama do not seem to have much in common. Obama went to college, and not just any college: Yale University. Whereas Zuma only attended school until Standard 3 (or Grade 5). Zuma has been tried in court on charges of rape and corruption, and during questioning stated that risk of HIV transmission could be minimized by taking a shower after sex. Whereas Obama used to smoke. Zuma has 4 wives, Obama has Michelle. Despite these and other differences, the two presidents have one thing in common: they are both currently involved in controversial national health care reforms. In the case of Zuma, it is the proposed National Health Insurance (NHI), which has been planned since the African National Congress first took office in 1994.
Social, political and economic inequality, as many studies have indicated, are bad for your health. It would seem to follow that decades of Apartheid would be generally bad for the health of those at the lower end of the ladder in South Africa. And it is. I spent the early part of this week marking medical ethics exams from budding doctors at Groote Schuur Hospital in Cape Town, and some of the case studies they presented were positively hair-raising. So it makes ethical sense, in principle, to increase access to health care for South African citizens.
While everyone seems to agree on the basic principle, the details of the NHI are vexing, and the discussions bring out the old social tensions and wounds. One large question is where the massive amount of money in support of the scheme is to be drawn from. If it is through taxation, this causes concern among those better off in South Africa, who are already been taxed to support the existing public health care system -- though many of them go to private health services when they are sick themselves. There is also a worry that private health institutions would be 'de-skilled' and overwhelmed if subjected to government demands to focus on primary care services. Requiring well-off South Africans to use public health care might also, it is feared, lead to people leaving the country: both patients who fear a drop in their standard of care as well as doctors who do not want to work in sub-standard conditions for less pay. There seems to be a general feeling that if the NHI might lead to the generalization of the health care standards currently provided in the public sector. It depends who you ask, and where you ask, but generally speaking opinions about the health care on offer in public hospitals and clinics are not positive. This is an understatement. The problems the government has had in doing just one thing -- providing antiretroviral therapy for those who need it -- draws serious doubt on its ability to provide a broad spectrum of services at an adequate and affordable standard. For the poorest of the poor, on the other hand, the promise of some (perhaps not great) services may look better than none.
Olive Shisana, head of the Human Sciences Research Council (which is responsible for drafting versions of the NHI) likes to say that opposition to the NHI is based on myths. But this week the Health Minister put the NHI on hold, perhaps for as long as five years. Reason? The public health sector is said to be in shocking shape, so shocking that bringing in the NHI wouldn't help matters. So back to the drawing board.
Sunday, November 08, 2009
Delivering vaccines in Africa: some unethical obstacles
The attention and money thrown at the H1N1 virus seems to grow by the day, even if the numbers of H1N1 related deaths, relative to other causes of mortality (including plain old seasonal flu), are still very modest. People actually die from H1N1, so it is not nice to make light of it, and because it is contagious, the death toll will rise, though we don't know how high or for how long. Nevertheless, there is no way of getting around the impression that the world's media is drawn to the latest viral threat to the richer developed nations, where the knight in shining armour is played by multinational pharmaceutical companies, whose cutting-edge research thankfully produces the latest vaccine, while the media makes rapid and widespread vaccination seem like the only rational response, and governments and local health agencies stand to be criticized for not getting vaccines into bodies fast enough. The significance of the H1N1 virus as a threat to humanity? Only time will tell. But that a great deal of money is being made: that is already certain.
Elsewhere in the world, other fish are frying. Forget new cutting-edge research for new diseases: in many countries, it is hard enough just to get the old vaccines administered, for the boring old diseases, the ones that people in developed nations hardly get anymore because they are routinely vaccinated against them. Take measles. Two troubling stories about measles vaccination in Africa came in this week.
First, here in South Africa, some media sources managed to revive the discredited measles-autism link, i.e. that the measles vaccine causes autism in children. A little media ethics for journalists working on public health issues could go a long way, and hopefully these incidents will not cause setbacks for measles eradication in South Africa, similar to the problems with polio vaccination in Nigeria some years back. The recent decline in measles mortality in Africa is a success story, but only conserted and sustained efforts (including communication of accurate health information) will keep those numbers going down.
Second, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, measles vaccination efforts face an unusual adversary: government troops. Medecins Sans Frontieres (Doctors without Borders) has accused the Congolese government of using their vaccination sites as bait. Due to a measles epidemic, MSF was vaccinating thousands of children in sites locations that are controlled by the Forces Democratique de Liberation du Rwanda (FDLR) . Knowing that people in the area would gravitate to the opportunity for measles vaccination, Congolese government troops apparently attacked all seven sites with deadly force, scattering populations (including children) into the bush. It remains to be seen if people in the area will trust going back to MSF sites for medical care, and in this troubled part of the world, that is about the only decent medical care around.
Monday, November 02, 2009
Let us compare epidemics
There is always something a bit distasteful about comparing human tragedies, but it is also inevitable. The tsunami in 2004 was terrible, but was it as bad as the ongoing HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa, which has taken millions of lives over the last decades? Darfur is bad, but has it really reached Rwandan genocidal proportions? We inevitably make these sorts of comparisons in order to get some sort of grip on what people ought to care about, and what nations ought to respond to with their finite resources. And we often lose our way.
The H1N1 virus has captured media attention, as well as substantial funding for task forces, response plans and research, particularly as increasingly more deaths have been linked to it. As has been observed many times, the 'media life' of a virus depends in large part on the extent to which citizens (especially ordinary citizens) of North America and Europe are affected by it, or are likely to be affected by it. When the centers of the world's power is under viral threat, vast resources may be mobilized, even if the numbers in terms of morbidity and mortality are, relatively speaking, small. Worse epidemics, elsewhere, receive much less press and support.
The point was not lost on those aware that today was World Pneumonia Day. Pneumonia is the greater killer of children worldwide. It is responsible for more deaths in children (2 million a year) than HIV/AIDS, measles and malaria combined. The tragedy is that we long ago developed effective vaccines to prevent it, and antibiotics to treat it, but it generally affects children away from the centers of the world's power, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. While many lives could be saved in delivering known effective medicines to these populations, there is not much money to be made in the endeavor, so rallying support for pneumonia initiatives tends to be an uphill battle. But it is a matter of fighting the good fight, a matter of trying to regain some sense of proportion, and a matter of not being entirely distracted by the latest virus on the 24-hour news cycle. | 2023-09-13T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1797 |
Pages
19 October, 2011
My little baby seedlings are becoming adolescents and now have to go out into the big, bad world and see if they can make it. So I have started planting out some of the (hopefully) more frost tolerant seedlings. Cucubits (cucumbers, pumpkins, squash, rock- and watermelons), corn, basil and most of the tomatoes are still coddled in the cosy warm of the indoors. Dwarf beans and the earliest of the tomatoes have been kicked out into the cold. However I haven't been entirely heartless, after all I have a vested interest in ensuring these plants don't die (so I can eat them, which is not entirely philanthropic, but anyway). My comprimise is to cover the poor seedlings with old milk bottles, so they are not completely at the mercy of nature.
The idea is these provide a mini-greenhouse environment, particularly to protect the plants from any potential frosts. They are also supposedly helpful in protecting plants from bugs that like to eat tender new seedling leaves. However, some of these covers are failing in their duty, and the odd bean has been lost.
09 October, 2011
Last year I grew corn specifically for popcorn. I was slightly sceptical about the process, but prepared to give it a go. So I had 6 corn plants that I left the developing cobbs on (painfully - it was so hard not to eat them!) the plants to fully mature. These were then picked and further dried and looked like this...
Then I spent a lazy autumn afternoon rubbing the kernels off the husks. An hour or so later (which resulted in a oddly located blister on my thumb) I had a jar of popping corn. And that’s where it stayed until the other night when I was feeling a bit peckish.
I hadn’t made popcorn since I was a kid, but vaguely remembered my mum on the odd occasion putting a seemingly tiny amount of popping corn into a pan, waiting for the pings to subside and then feasting on hot buttered fresh popcorn.
So I followed the tried and true method above (note to self: a quarter of a cup of popping corn will satisfy the most crazed of snacking cravings) and lo and behold, there was fresh popcorn. It still seems somewhat magical to put hard corn kernels in a pot and watch fluffy, buttery corn scented deliciousness emerge.
04 October, 2011
The Fraises des Bois have their first baby strawberry! I’m so excited, I can hardly wait to try it. This is one of the many alpine strawberries which apparently are intensely flavoured tiny little strawberries from which the big (and so often tasteless) supermarket strawberries have been bred.
That said, the bigger berries can still be pretty tasty when home grown. Most of the strawberries (in the ground, in pots, and in the strawberry wall) are sending out flowers left, right and centre and some also have tiny fruits forming. Yay!
The berries under glass are more well developed, but not that far ahead. Though they may ripen up faster under the glass than relying on the inconsistent Melbourne sunshine. | 2024-07-29T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5240 |
Q:
section header with markboth
I have used \markboth to specify specific text in certain sections of my document. Now in the middle part of the documents (the real chapters), I want to chapter name left and the section name right. I used \chaptermark, but intro keeps showing. I want to keep this as simple as possible and just use markboth if possible, it would seem I am doing something simple wrong...
\documentclass[parskip=half,10pt,twoside]{scrbook}
\usepackage[dottedtoc, floatperchapter, parts]{classicthesis}
\begin{document}
\chapter*{Introduction}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\tocEntry{Introduction}}
\markboth{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Introduction}}{\spacedlowsmallcaps{Introduction}}
\chapter[Short title]{Full title}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{%
\markboth{\thechapter.\ #1}{}}
\end{document}
I managed to print the chapter number + title on the left with the following command. Now I just need the section number + title on the right.
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\spacedlowsmallcaps{\chaptername}\ \spacedlowsmallcaps{\thechapter}.\ #1}{}}
I have tried \markrigth but that does not work. Any ideas? I am sure this is pretty simple.
A:
The following code fixed it for me. Be sure to put this before you first chapter title occurs.
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\spacedlowsmallcaps{\chaptername}\ \spacedlowsmallcaps{\thechapter}.\ #1}{}}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{ \markright{\spacedlowsmallcaps{\thesection}.\ \spacedlowsmallcaps{#1}}{} }
| 2024-03-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8366 |
Welcome to The CEO Refresher
The CEO Refresher is your portal to the best brains on the planet! Creative leadership, innovation, leading change, executive intelligence and insight. We are pleased to announce that The CEO Refresher is once again publishing new articles. The untimely death of founder and publisher Rick Sidorowicz in September 2011 left the site in a void. Rick devoted a great deal of time and effort into developing and managing the CEO Refresher, and believed passionately in its value in providing the executive intelligence you need to lead well in these turbulent times. We wish to continue bringing you the articles and resources you have come to count on from The CEO Refresher.
Latest Articles
If you don’t plan well before making an organizational change you will almost definitely have to plan for fallout after it’s made. After all, business is like a baseball game: when you get thrown a curveball you’ve got to be ready for it.
CEOs frequently find themselves between a rock and a hard place. On one hand, they need to innovate … and keep innovating! On the other hand, “missed opportunities” will never show up on the bottom line, while innovation that falls flat will. In order to successfully innovate and keep the innovation gears turning, CEOs must […]
There is a misconception that presence is the ability to command a room, to be the loudest voice. But presence comes from having the capacity to understand and feel what another person is experiencing by putting yourself into the other person’s frame of reference, and fully engaging in that moment, practicing mindful listening, and ignoring […]
This article presents two very important reasons why your Marketing team needs to be represented in the room when formulating your strategy, and explains why Marketing needs a permanent seat at the table for any strategic business decisions and the cost when your Marketing function is absent from the room.
It can be tempting to overlook toxic personalities when hiring, particularly when people with the skills and experience you seek are hard to find. Still, once they become embedded in your company, the disruption they can cause generates more harm than you want to deal with.
In business, both Finance and Marketing must work together to enable the organizations success and create value for customers. In music, harmony refers to the extensively developed system of chords and the rules that allow or forbid relations between chords. This article suggests how Finance and Marketing can create harmony for the benefit of both […]
Employees who feel they are overqualified are often dissatisfied with their jobs, uncommitted to their company, and experience psychological strain. A good hiring process with additional questions built into the interview and a behavioral assessment will help guard against hiring people with an overqualified mindset.
Resiliency is not about bouncing “back.” It’s about growing through challenge as well as opportunity. Join resiliency expert Eileen McDargh as she provides you with four actions to practice in order to build resiliency as a critical life skill.
Imagine being as conscious and informed about where your information comes from as you are about the produce you buy. Whether you lean to the left or the right, or have any other ideological leanings or biases, you might want to be a bit more selective in what you take in as truth or fact.
Selecting new employees, new team members, new representatives of your brand are a vital activity, especially for small and mid-sized businesses. You can make substantially better hires by following the steps outlined in this article. | 2024-06-10T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5951 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to the crystallization of drug substances and, more particularly, relates to methods and devices for crystallization by controlled evaporation.
2. Description of the Related Art
High quality crystals are used in a variety of studies throughout the process of developing a drug. In early development, solid forms of lead compounds are available in fairly small quantities. These solid forms are studied to determine which forms are most suitable to move forward in development. In late development, a well-characterized form is selected for large scale manufacturing.
Crystals are typically grown by dissolving the drug substance in a suitable solvent, then evaporating the solvent. In a conventional, manual process for forming crystals, a scintillation vial is partially filled with the drug and solvent solution and capped with aluminum foil. A small hole is poked in the foil. The vial then sits for some length of time. The slow evaporation of the solvent through the small hole in the foil favors crystal growth. There are many disadvantages, however, to the conventional method. The lack of controls for making the hole, and therefore the lack of consistency in hole size, leads to widely varying rates of evaporation, even for the same drug substance and solvent. Experimental reproducibility is thus a serious challenge. Further, the method cannot be scaled for use in small sample volumes, because the holes in the aluminum foil are no longer “small,” relatively speaking, when the sample volume is reduced to that of a well in a 96-well plate. In fact, in sample volumes below 0.5 mL, evaporation using holes poked in aluminum foil is generally too fast to permit formation of high quality crystals. The problem of rapid evaporation is particularly severe when the solvent is very volatile.
Current instruments that automate the process of crystal formation also suffer significant drawbacks. One device, for example, feeds inert gas close to the surface of the wells in a 96-well plate using a manifold with a common exhaust. This allows for controlled evaporation, however, only if the wells are filled with one solvent or multiple solvents of similar volatilities. Thus, among other disadvantages, current designs cannot accomplish controlled evaporation of multiple solvents of dissimilar volatilities simultaneously. Thus, slow, controlled evaporation of multiple solvents of varying volatilities from small volume wells of, for example, a 96-well plate, remains a significant challenge in the creation of high quality crystals. | 2023-09-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6929 |
Cover art, photos and screenshots
The game is a sequel to The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker and is set several months after the events of The Wind Waker. The game starts out like the opening of The Wind Waker, telling the story of what happened in the last game. It tells you how Tetra and her pirate crew picked up Link from Outset island, and how they found out that Tetra is Zelda, and defeated Ganondorf. The story that is told is left off with Link riding aboard Tetra's ship. | 2023-10-30T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5184 |
AV Receiver repair – Yamaha RX-V450
This AV receiver repair, a Yamaha RX-V450, was completed on a fast turnaround for a local radio producer who needed it in time for a show. It’s got 6x85W channels and more inputs and outputs than you can shake a stick at.
Although I’m well versed in solid state electronics, this is the first AV receiver I’ve worked on, because most of my work is on musical instrument amplifiers.
The fault was with the power supply and is a known design flaw with the otherwise reliable unit. Over time, power surges can damage a 600V capacitor that resides in the soft start circuit. This might sound surprising when UK mains is 230V, but audio equipment should be designed to cope with 1kV or 4.5x the rated mains voltage to withstand surges. I replaced the device with a 760V capacitor, which was the biggest part that would fit in the available space. I added epoxy glue to prevent the larger part becoming a vibration risk.
The amp was dropped off on the tuesday and the repair completed by the thursday. Just one hours work, with a short break for 24h turnaround on the new part.
The repair was completed within the first hour and returned quickly to the customer, who then brought me two other AV receiver repairs! He’d not been having much luck with them!
If you have an AV receiver repair, please let me know and I’ll see if I can help.
Rowan repaired a fault on my Henriksen Bud. He had not seen this make of amp previously and obtained necessary info from the American company. He turned the job around in a couple of hours and kept me informed via a video. Great service and fair price. Highly recommended.
I recently emailed Rowan in the UK as I live in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada and do not have any repairman near . He gave me some advice on repairing my Mesa Boogie Tremoverb. I thank you very much Rowan wish you were here in Canada
Huge thanks to Rowan for some simple safety advice regarding mains leads for my Carlsbro combo amps. Hopefully I won't need his expert services now but I certainly know where to go should that ever be the case.
I sent my MXR Carbon Copy to Rowan thinking it needed the ESD fix which Rowan did, but to no avail - it turns out that the BBD chips and the compounder chip had failed so Rowan sourced the parts and returned my CC to working order and it sounds incredible again - I'd recommend him for any sort of repair work, he'll bend over backwards to get the job done. Thanks again Rowan! B|
Rowan has worked on my Cornford mK50 ii and Marshall DSL 50 heads and repaired and changed speaker on my Fender Deluxe Reverb 2 from the 80's (Rivera era).I totally trust him with my gear and highly recommend him to anyone. He is also upfront about potential costs of repairs and a nice guy to deal with. | 2024-04-06T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5777 |
Quick Facts:
Bannock
Starting at $485,900
Does not include structural options or finish selections
3 bedrooms
2.5 baths
1,724 sq. ft.
The Bannock floor plan combines the charm of a traditional family home with the style and aesthetics of modern living. The relaxing great room opens into a lovely covered patio on one end, and a beautiful dining area on the other. The streamlined kitchen has an island with a double sink and grand countertop perfect for entertaining your loved ones or little ones. A cozy foyer to the side provides convenient space for a home office or homework area.
The owner’s suite is secluded on the first floor and has its own entrance foyer and private room for an office, library, or personal hobby space. Owners enjoy a spacious master bedroom that opens onto its own private, covered porch. The master bathroom provides a double vanity dressing area, beautiful amenities, and a walk-in closet for all personal effects with storage room to spare. The two bedrooms on the second level also have walk-in closets, spacious designs and share a full bathroom.
There is plenty of storage space to accommodate the family. The 2-car garage contains its own additional storage area where you can put gardening tools, sports gear, and other equipment. The lower level is comprised of a wide, open basement perfect for family games, movie nights, or additional guest space. The Bannock floor layout offers space for family life with style. | 2023-12-18T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4099 |
Why Starbucks dominates transactions
Starbucks was one of the first companies to embrace using an app, launching theirs in 2011, three years after the launch of the App Store. Within a year, they had over 26 million transactions, proving their early adoption was a worthy investment. Since 2011, Starbucks has continued to invest in their mobile experience, making it the most convenient way to order coffee. They’ve capitalized on their investment, adding features such as Mobile Ordering or Shake to Pay in 2014 and incorporated their rewards program as a significant part of the mobile experience.
The Starbucks app excels due to its ease of use, the seamless inclusion of its loyalty program, and the flexibility of mobile purchasing. While these areas are the core of their app and their business, they’ve led to Starbucks becoming a powerhouse in transactions, lending to credit to the argument they function similar to a financial institution.
Loyalty Program
Without getting into the details of how to get rewards (refer to the Starbucks reward website for such info), they help set up the ecosystem for gamification. Their rewards program motivates customers to gather 125 stars to gain a free drink which equates to about $62.50. Whether you’re participating in opportunities to earn double rewards or not, this indicates a considerable investment into the Starbucks brand.
The rewards program has about 15 million members, which translates to a consistent number of people who buy from them yearly. The program also became a way for Starbucks to stabilize their traffic throughout the day. Most of us have been in a Starbucks during their morning rush and wondered wasn’t there a better way to do this? Well, Starbucks uses double rewards opportunities during their off peak hours to balance out this traffic and get consumers to try menu items. Getting more consumers in throughout the day is better as it stabilizes business against outside factors that impact foot traffic and physically accommodates more people.
Looking back, Starbucks started off with reloadable physical gift cards, so making the jump to pioneering the virtual prepaid and reloadable card was the evolution of their business. Furthermore, it capitalized on their bottom line of trying to make their experience more convenient to the consumer. Meanwhile, the flexibility to pick up an order through the app saves the trouble of waiting in line at the register, but depending on the time of day, may still lead to delays at the pick-up counter. Starbucks’ mobile payment and reward program and its incorporation into the app were a huge success, so much so it’s been emulated by companies such as Chick-fil-A, Dunkin Donuts, and Chipotle.
There are all sorts of ways to incentivize customers to use and return to your app, but it starts with notifications which enable you to send out discounts, info on new items or features, and anything else that might entice them. Overall, mobile purchasing is about convenience, giving frequent consumers the fastest way to get their order and collecting information to find the best way to market to customers.
Data collection
What drives the Starbucks machine is their ability to know their customer. With 15 million Rewards Members and the 22 million people who make purchases within their app, they have a large user group to consistently gather information on and product test with. It becomes easy to track purchases via the digital ordering and enable things such as one click ordering, where users can immediately purchase their usual order. Also, it means they have contact information for all of their mobile ordering consumers, making it easier to market to them and build advertising to target similar demographics of people. The Starbucks customer base isn’t necessarily growing, what they have done is influence their customers to buy more which in turn has lead to them spending more.
Starbucks a Financial Institution?
The company encourages customers to pre-load their rewards card with money, so even if it isn’t spent immediately, they have technically already been paid. The benefit of already having this money allows them to earn interest on it and makes it more valuable than buying as you need to get your caffeine fix.
Looking ahead
Does this mean they are a financial institution? No, much like the way their competitors in mobile payment aren’t, but the way they have assigned real value to their rewards, gamified that system, and incentivize their customers to join their rewards (akin to a loyalty or preferred customer at a bank) program, the argument is there. Evidently, they still sell coffee, but executive chairman and former CEO, Charles Schultz, has discussed a secure digital currency in reference to future consumer behavior.
What does all this mean for your business?
It’s unlikely you are going to become a leader in mobile payments like Starbucks at this point in the game (that’s the benefit of early adoption). However, the effectiveness of reaching your customer and streamlining your product experience remains the same. What new technology may catapult your business to emerge as a leader?
Unsure on where to start? Drop us a line to schedule a consultation, and we’ll point you in the right direction. | 2023-09-11T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5906 |
Actor Lee Thompson Young, who starred in the Disney Channel children's series "The Famous Jett Jackson," has committed suicide at age 29, his manager said Monday.
"It is with great sadness that I announce that Lee Thompson Young tragically took his own life this morning," manager Jonathan Baruch said in a statement. "Lee was more than just a brilliant young actor, he was a wonderful and gentle soul who will truly be missed. We ask that you please respect the privacy of his family and friends at this very difficult time."
A spokesperson for the Los Angeles Police Department said Young was found dead of a gunshot wound in his Los Angeles home on Monday.
When Young didn't show up for work on the TNT crime drama "Rizzoli & Isles," police were sent to Young's home, a source close to the show tells NBC. The LAPD confirmed that police discovered his body there shortly after 8 a.m. PT.
Trending stories,celebrity news and all the best of TODAY. This site is protected by recaptcha
"We are all without the words to truly express our collective grief and profound sadness at the loss of such a sweet, bright light," "Rizzoli & Isles" showrunner Janet Tamaro tweeted on Monday. "We are broken-hearted."
In a joint statement, TNT, Warner Bros., which produces the show, and Tamaro expressed their sorrow: "Lee will be cherished and remembered by all who knew and loved him, both on- and offscreen, for his positive energy, infectious smile and soulful grace. We send our deepest condolences and thoughts to his family, to his friends and, most especially, to his beloved mother."
Actress Gabrielle Union also mourned Young on Twitter, tweeting, "I had the pleasure of working w/ #LeeThompsonYoung on Flash Forward & he was an extremely talented beautiful soul. My thoughts & prayers are with his loved ones."
Young starred on "Jett Jackson" from its 1998 pilot through the show's cancellation in 2001, and also played the role in a follow-up movie. The character of Jackson was a young actor who moved from Hollywood to a fictional small town in North Carolina to live with his father while continuing to film the television show upon which he played a teen spy. Young was nominated for two Young Artist lead actor awards for the role.
Young portrayed running back Chris Comer in the 2004 movie "Friday Night Lights." His other movie work included parts in "Akeelah and the Bee" and "The Hills Have Eyes 2." He also appeared on television shows, including "Smallville" and "FlashForward," as well as his regular role on "Rizzoli & Isles."
Young, a South Carolina native, was inspired to become an actor when he played Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. in a play when he was just 10 years old, a biography provided by TNT stated.
On "Rizzoli & Isles," he played Detective Barry Frost, the computer-savvy but squeamish partner of title detective Jane Rizzoli, played by Angie Harmon. "Rizzoli & Isles" had planned to shoot the final episode of its fourth season this week, but after news of Young's death broke, production on the crime drama was shut down Monday.
--Maria Elena Fernandez contributed to this story.
| 2024-03-30T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4562 |
C12H19NO2
{{DISPLAYTITLE:C12H19NO2}}
The molecular formula C12H19NO2 (molar mass: 209.28 g/mol, exact mass: 209.141579) may refer to:
Bamethan
2CD-5EtO
2C-E
2C-G
Dimethoxymethamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine
Methyl-DMA
Mirogabalin
Octyl cyanoacrylate
2-Octyl cyanoacrylate
Psi-DOM | 2024-02-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1405 |
Anthropology museum awarded grant for digital archive
July 21, 2006
The Wake Forest University Museum of Anthropology has been awarded a $149,000 grant by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) to complete a digital archive of the artifacts in its collections.
The museum will continue work started under a previous IMLS award to install new collections database software, train staff in its use, and update more than 27,000 archaeological and ethnographic object records.
The project will ultimately produce a complete Web-based, public-access version of the museum catalog for use by universities, scholars, schoolchildren and the general public.
In addition to thousands of adult visitors, more than 8,500 schoolchildren come to the museum or are visited in their schools by staff members each year and have the opportunity to view objects from the collections, said Stephen Whittington, director of the museum. “The project will greatly expand the museum’s education and collections care missions and will provide outreach to underserved secondary schools.”
Wake Forest students will assist with inventory, basic condition assessment and digital photography of objects in the museum’s collections to create the digital archive.
IMLS, the nation’s largest federal funding program for museums, provides grants to support life-long learning, sustain cultural heritage or serve as centers of community engagement. | 2024-04-12T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3382 |
PM
How many minutes are there between 8:37 AM and 9:13 AM?
36
How many minutes are there between 9:08 PM and 3:39 AM?
391
What is 646 minutes before 10:49 AM?
12:03 AM
What is 110 minutes after 3:17 AM?
5:07 AM
What is 327 minutes after 1:53 AM?
7:20 AM
How many minutes are there between 6:38 PM and 1:17 AM?
399
What is 207 minutes after 3:42 PM?
7:09 PM
How many minutes are there between 3:34 AM and 4:27 AM?
53
What is 611 minutes after 7:09 AM?
5:20 PM
What is 20 minutes before 11:46 PM?
11:26 PM
How many minutes are there between 11:35 AM and 8:44 PM?
549
What is 538 minutes after 12:57 AM?
9:55 AM
How many minutes are there between 2:45 AM and 3:37 AM?
52
How many minutes are there between 3:09 AM and 1:19 PM?
610
What is 463 minutes after 4:45 PM?
12:28 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:37 AM and 8:31 PM?
714
What is 630 minutes before 5:42 AM?
7:12 PM
What is 408 minutes after 10:25 AM?
5:13 PM
What is 255 minutes before 12:57 AM?
8:42 PM
What is 665 minutes after 5:00 PM?
4:05 AM
How many minutes are there between 3:24 AM and 7:27 AM?
243
What is 663 minutes before 3:54 AM?
4:51 PM
What is 402 minutes before 5:43 AM?
11:01 PM
What is 553 minutes after 11:28 PM?
8:41 AM
How many minutes are there between 3:35 AM and 10:31 AM?
416
How many minutes are there between 5:03 AM and 2:39 PM?
576
How many minutes are there between 4:27 AM and 7:14 AM?
167
How many minutes are there between 9:22 PM and 6:35 AM?
553
What is 456 minutes before 7:44 AM?
12:08 AM
What is 662 minutes after 12:10 PM?
11:12 PM
What is 719 minutes before 9:08 AM?
9:09 PM
What is 76 minutes after 7:07 AM?
8:23 AM
How many minutes are there between 9:17 AM and 12:18 PM?
181
What is 170 minutes before 5:42 AM?
2:52 AM
What is 283 minutes before 5:14 PM?
12:31 PM
What is 76 minutes before 3:23 AM?
2:07 AM
What is 443 minutes before 7:28 PM?
12:05 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:29 AM and 4:12 PM?
643
What is 692 minutes after 10:42 AM?
10:14 PM
How many minutes are there between 10:23 AM and 9:48 PM?
685
How many minutes are there between 6:57 AM and 8:04 AM?
67
What is 528 minutes after 10:47 PM?
7:35 AM
How many minutes are there between 4:49 PM and 12:31 AM?
462
What is 246 minutes before 1:09 AM?
9:03 PM
What is 235 minutes after 7:47 PM?
11:42 PM
What is 588 minutes after 10:04 PM?
7:52 AM
How many minutes are there between 9:32 PM and 7:41 AM?
609
How many minutes are there between 12:02 AM and 4:17 AM?
255
What is 115 minutes after 8:19 AM?
10:14 AM
How many minutes are there between 2:07 PM and 11:24 PM?
557
What is 556 minutes before 2:41 AM?
5:25 PM
How many minutes are there between 7:32 PM and 3:43 AM?
491
What is 416 minutes before 7:28 PM?
12:32 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:46 PM and 12:36 AM?
410
How many minutes are there between 2:45 PM and 3:52 PM?
67
What is 265 minutes before 3:33 PM?
11:08 AM
What is 167 minutes before 2:23 AM?
11:36 PM
How many minutes are there between 3:15 PM and 5:54 PM?
159
What is 466 minutes before 12:34 AM?
4:48 PM
What is 599 minutes before 3:07 PM?
5:08 AM
What is 663 minutes before 10:42 AM?
11:39 PM
What is 616 minutes after 9:36 AM?
7:52 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:27 AM and 5:16 PM?
709
How many minutes are there between 2:42 AM and 7:45 AM?
303
What is 507 minutes before 1:42 AM?
5:15 PM
How many minutes are there between 4:17 AM and 3:19 PM?
662
How many minutes are there between 4:02 AM and 5:32 AM?
90
How many minutes are there between 7:31 PM and 6:38 AM?
667
How many minutes are there between 1:32 AM and 5:15 AM?
223
What is 302 minutes after 11:04 PM?
4:06 AM
How many minutes are there between 5:00 AM and 8:22 AM?
202
How many minutes are there between 2:58 AM and 3:50 AM?
52
How many minutes are there between 2:18 PM and 2:54 PM?
36
What is 4 minutes before 6:31 PM?
6:27 PM
How many minutes are there between 7:37 AM and 12:50 PM?
313
How many minutes are there between 10:25 PM and 11:16 PM?
51
How many minutes are there between 2:48 AM and 2:10 PM?
682
What is 137 minutes after 10:25 PM?
12:42 AM
What is 360 minutes after 9:33 AM?
3:33 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:17 PM and 7:51 PM?
394
What is 320 minutes after 7:35 PM?
12:55 AM
What is 344 minutes after 7:40 AM?
1:24 PM
What is 652 minutes before 9:12 AM?
10:20 PM
How many minutes are there between 6:47 AM and 11:50 AM?
303
How many minutes are there between 8:51 PM and 2:22 AM?
331
How many minutes are there between 6:43 PM and 6:00 AM?
677
How many minutes are there between 3:43 PM and 4:03 PM?
20
What is 298 minutes after 3:38 AM?
8:36 AM
How many minutes are there between 3:40 AM and 10:44 AM?
424
How many minutes are there between 12:59 AM and 11:11 AM?
612
How many minutes are there between 7:59 AM and 5:50 PM?
591
What is 60 minutes after 3:42 PM?
4:42 PM
What is 252 minutes after 9:18 AM?
1:30 PM
How many minutes are there between 5:47 PM and 1:30 AM?
463
What is 504 minutes before 7:49 AM?
11:25 PM
How many minutes are there between 9:55 PM and 7:40 AM?
585
What is 310 minutes after 7:38 AM?
12:48 PM
How many minutes are there between 3:05 AM and 4:55 AM?
110
What is 25 minutes after 4:24 AM?
4:49 AM
How many minutes are there between 11:59 AM and 10:09 PM?
610
How many minutes are there between 9:12 AM and 6:24 PM?
552
How many minutes are there between 11:55 AM and 9:44 PM?
589
What is 525 minutes after 11:00 AM?
7:45 PM
How many minutes are there between 6:20 PM and 10:54 PM?
274
How many minutes are there between 7:23 PM and 1:57 AM?
394
How many minutes are there between 3:10 PM and 1:40 AM?
630
What is 102 minutes after 12:27 AM?
2:09 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:32 AM and 6:39 PM?
667
How many minutes are there between 3:45 AM and 6:06 AM?
141
How many minutes are there between 12:08 PM and 5:26 PM?
318
How many minutes are there between 10:47 PM and 11:49 PM?
62
How many minutes are there between 9:47 PM and 7:33 AM?
586
What is 252 minutes after 10:55 PM?
3:07 AM
How many minutes are there between 7:48 PM and 10:07 PM?
139
What is 156 minutes after 3:17 AM?
5:53 AM
How many minutes are there between 10:09 PM and 9:51 AM?
702
How many minutes are there between 7:17 PM and 12:03 AM?
286
What is 367 minutes after 2:00 PM?
8:07 PM
What is 344 minutes after 4:49 PM?
10:33 PM
How many minutes are there between 8:52 AM and 4:26 PM?
454
How many minutes are there between 5:21 PM and 8:43 PM?
202
What is 88 minutes after 2:43 AM?
4:11 AM
How many minutes are there between 8:00 PM and 7:45 AM?
705
How many minutes are there between 10:40 AM and 12:50 PM?
130
What is 691 minutes after 2:31 AM?
2:02 PM
How many minutes are there between 3:42 PM and 11:18 PM?
456
What is 462 minutes after 3:21 PM?
11:03 PM
How many minutes are there between 10:58 AM and 8:45 PM?
587
How many minutes are there between 4:39 AM and 5:48 AM?
69
How many minutes are there between 4:53 AM and 8:56 AM?
243
How many minutes are there between 11:30 PM and 3:27 AM?
237
What is 194 minutes before 1:52 AM?
10:38 PM
How many minutes are there between 1:34 AM and 1:03 PM?
689
What is 76 minutes before 1:10 PM?
11:54 AM
How many minutes are there between 5:49 PM and 2:23 AM?
514
How many minutes are there between 3:58 AM and 8:18 AM?
260
What is 690 minutes before 3:01 AM?
3:31 PM
How many minutes are there between 12:47 AM and 10:25 AM?
578
How many minutes are there between 10:14 AM and 12:20 PM?
126
What is 171 minutes before 3:33 AM?
12:42 AM
How many minutes are there between 6:52 AM and 1:03 PM?
371
What is 697 minutes before 1:24 AM?
1:47 PM
What is 270 minutes before 8:47 PM?
4:17 PM
What is 576 minutes after 8:59 AM?
6:35 PM
What is 424 minutes after 6:08 AM?
1:12 PM
What is 646 minutes after 1:17 PM?
12:03 AM
What is 102 minutes after 5:03 PM?
6:45 PM
How many minutes are there between 6:19 PM and 8:52 PM?
153
What is 681 minutes before 10:57 PM?
11:36 AM
What is 154 minutes after 7:54 AM?
10:28 AM
What is 583 minutes before 10:04 AM?
12:21 AM
How many minutes are there between 4:39 AM and 3:06 PM?
627
What is 332 minutes after 6:42 AM?
12:14 PM
What is 456 minutes after 11:21 AM?
6:57 PM
How many minutes are there between 8:41 PM and 3:07 AM?
386
How many minutes are there between 11:49 AM and 12:25 PM?
36
How many m | 2024-01-01T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/4363 |
Main Navigation Menu
Getting Married Abroad: Weddings In Gibraltar
Gibraltar is a picturesque island off the south coast of Spain but interestingly is a British foreign territory. This means if you’re from the UK, your Gibraltar wedding plans (probably) won’t be hindered by whatever Brexit brings. Sounds perfect for a wedding, right?
The Weather In Gibraltar
You can expect sunshine and temperatures 20c+ from April through to October, with heights of about 28c generally in August. So, hot, but rarely too hot. It will suit everyone who comes to celebrate your big day.
See: https://www.holiday-weather.com/gibraltar/averages/
This also means that when it comes to picking a date for a sunny wedding abroad Gibraltar gives you a wide range of dates of the calendar year. Ideal!
A Small Island with Lots to Offer
Gibraltar is a relatively small island, however, it’s not short of venues or accommodation options and is crammed with things to do (outside of celebrating your wedding, of course).
From the great siege and ‘world war 2’ tunnels (for history buffs) to the ape’s den and one can’t visit Gibraltar without a trip to the iconic ‘Rock of Gibraltar’ – the perfect photo opportunity. More than just a chance for an iconic photo, you can find out about the fascinating history of this lump of monolithic limestone. The history of the island can be told through its stories. Let’s just say, this rock has seen it all over the years.
Picturesque Wedding Receptions
If you’d like a waterfront reception you are spoiled for choice, with various packages available for dining by the sea for you and your wedding party.
Sweet Gibraltar Weddings offer several waterfront packages for you to choose from. Not only will you get views (and amazing photography) but the menus are amazing. Your guests will be treated to the best the med has to offer and with something for everybody to choose from.
Where To Stay
If you like luxury, without having to pay-through-the-nose, then you’re in luck. There are cheap hotels, but there are also quality hotels at mid-range prices such as the O’Callaghan Eliott or the Rock of Gibraltar hotel. See a full list of the best hotels with current prices on TripAdvisor. My personal tip when booking hotels is, however, to book directly from the hotel website, as you’ll more often than not get the best deal and often there are more perks to be had, e.g. different add-ons on offer or a totally exclusive selection of rooms unavailable from 3rd party booking websites.
The standard of hotels does vary on the island of Gibraltar but there are some gems to be found.
Top Tips For Planning A Wedding In Gibraltar
Do your research and plan rigorously before you get there. There are plenty of useful guides online and people you can reach out to for help in planning a wedding in Gibraltar.
Read reviews. Whether it’s for your hotel, ceremony or reception, check them all – so you can choose wisely but also, so you can advise your guests. After all, you want everyone to enjoy the trip and festivities.
Check flight and accommodation prices before you set the date. You need to think of your guests and the costs involved for all concerned. Consider off-peak dates (April/May or September/October).
Book direct from your hotelier, as you’re more likely to get the best value and service this way. | 2024-03-13T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5763 |
/*This file is part of LSD-SLAM.
* 帧这玩意儿贯穿始终，是slam中最基本的数据结构，
* 我觉得想要理解这个类，应
* 该从类中的结构体Data开始
*
* 每张图像创建 5层的图像金字塔 每一层的尺度 变为上一层的1/2
* 图像的 内参数 也上上一层的 1/2
* 内参数求逆得到 内参数逆矩阵
*
* 一、图像金字塔构建方法为 ：
* 上一层 的 四个像素的值的平均值合并成一个像素为下一层的像素
*
* int wh = width*height;// 当前层 像素总数
* const float* s;
* for(int y=0; y<wh; y += width*2)// 隔行
* {
* for(int x=0; x<width; x+= 2)// 隔列下采样
* {
* s = source + x + y;// 上一层 像素对应位置
* *dest = (s[0] +
* s[1] +
* s[width] +
* s[1+width]) * 0.25f;// 四个像素的值的平均值合并成一个
* dest++;
* }
* }
*
* 二、梯度金字塔构建方法（四个值 dx ， dy， i， null)
* 使用同一层的 图像 左右像素求得x方向梯度 上下求得 方向梯度
* *(img_pt-width)
* val_m1 *(img_pt) val_p1
* *(img_pt+width)
* 1. (val_p1 - val_m1)/2 = x 方向梯度
* 2. 0.5f*(*(img_pt+width) - *(img_pt-width)) = y方向梯度
* 3. val_00 = *(img_pt) 当前 点像素值
* 4. 第四维度 没有存储数据 gradxyii_pt Eigen::Vector4f
*
*
* 三、临近最大合成梯度 值 地图构建 一个合成梯度值
* 创建 梯度图内 临近四点中梯度最大值 的 最大值梯度 图 ， 并记录梯度值较大的可以映射 成 地图点的数量
* 在梯度图中 求去合成梯度 g=sqrt(gx^2+gy^2) ，求的 上中下 三个梯度值中的最大值，形成临时梯度最大值图
* 在临时梯度最大值图 中求 的 左中右 三个梯度值中的最大值，形成最后的 最大梯度值地图
* 并记录 最大梯度大小超过阈值的点 可以映射成地图点
*
* 四、构建 第0层 逆深度均值图 和方差图
* 1. 使用 真实 深度值 取反得到逆深度值，方差初始为一个设定值
* 2. 没有真实值是，也可以使用高斯分布均值初始化 逆深度均值图 和方差图
*
* 五、高层逆深度均值金字塔图 和逆深度方差金字塔图的构建
*
* 根据逆深度 构建 逆深度均值图 方差图(高斯分布) 金字塔
* current -----> 右边一个
* 下边 下右边 上一层四个位置
* 上一层 逆方差和 / 上一层 逆深度均值 (四个位置处) 和 得到深度信息 再 取逆得到 逆深度均值
* 上一层 逆深度 方差和 取逆得到 本层 逆深度方差
*
*/
#include "DataStructures/Frame.h"
#include "DataStructures/FrameMemory.h"
#include "DepthEstimation/DepthMapPixelHypothesis.h"
#include "Tracking/TrackingReference.h"
namespace lsd_slam
{
int privateFrameAllocCount = 0;
// 构造函数有两个，主要是最后一个参数给的有所不同，实际上它代表的是两种不同格式的图片数据
// 构造函数 0~255 的图像
Frame::Frame(int id, int width, int height, const Eigen::Matrix3f& K, double timestamp, const unsigned char* image)
{
// 类参数变量初始化 主要初始化 图像金字塔的 内参数 内参数逆
initialize(id, width, height, K, timestamp);
// 获取图像内存空间
data.image[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);//float类型存储 指针
float* maxPt = data.image[0] + data.width[0]*data.height[0];// 存储区域 float 的个数 对应像素个数
// 使用指针复制图像的内一个像素
for(float* pt = data.image[0]; pt < maxPt; pt++)// 拷贝每一个像素
{
*pt = *image;// 拷贝每一个像素
image++;// 指针指向下一个
}
data.imageValid[0] = true;// 第0层图像金字塔 已经有图像数据了
privateFrameAllocCount++;// 私有帧数量++
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printMemoryDebugInfo)// 调试信息
printf("ALLOCATED frame %d, now there are %d\n", this->id(), privateFrameAllocCount);
}
// 构造函数 0~1 的图像
Frame::Frame(int id, int width, int height, const Eigen::Matrix3f& K, double timestamp, const float* image)
{
// 类参数变量初始化 主要初始化 图像金字塔的 内参数 内参数逆
initialize(id, width, height, K, timestamp);
// 获取图像内存空间
data.image[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
// 使用memcpy 复制图像内容 两个指针指向的类型一直
memcpy(data.image[0], image, data.width[0]*data.height[0] * sizeof(float));// 指针类型相同 使用 memcpy拷贝内容
data.imageValid[0] = true;// 第0层图像金字塔 已经有图像数据了
privateFrameAllocCount++;// 私有帧数量++
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printMemoryDebugInfo)// 调试信息
printf("ALLOCATED frame %d, now there are %d\n", this->id(), privateFrameAllocCount);
}
// 析构函数
Frame::~Frame()
{
// 调试信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printMemoryDebugInfo)
printf("DELETING frame %d\n", this->id());// 打印信息 删除 帧
// 回收内存
FrameMemory::getInstance().deactivateFrame(this);// 这里只是回收内存
if(!pose->isRegisteredToGraph)
delete pose;// 还没有 注册放入到地图 就删除位姿
else
pose->frame = 0;
// 删除图像金字塔的每一层 图像
for (int level = 0; level < PYRAMID_LEVELS; ++ level)// 每一层图像金字塔
{
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.image[level]);// 图像
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(reinterpret_cast<float*>(data.gradients[level]));// 梯度
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.maxGradients[level]);//
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepth[level]);// 逆深度 均值
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepthVar[level]);// 逆深度方差
}
// 删除 深度 逆深度均值 逆深度方差
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer((float*)data.validity_reAct);
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepth_reAct);
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepthVar_reAct);
// 最后再释放permaRef_colorAndVarData和permaRef_posData,这两个参数是位置，颜色和方差的引用，用于重定位，
// 注意：这个参数只是在initialize中初始化为空指针
if(permaRef_colorAndVarData != 0)
delete permaRef_colorAndVarData;// 删除 颜色和方差的引用
if(permaRef_posData != 0)
delete permaRef_posData;// 位置 的 引用
privateFrameAllocCount--;/// 私有帧数量--
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printMemoryDebugInfo)// 调试信息
printf("DELETED frame %d, now there are %d\n", this->id(), privateFrameAllocCount);
}
void Frame::takeReActivationData(DepthMapPixelHypothesis* depthMap)
{
// 上锁
boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> lock = getActiveLock();
// 申请内存
if(data.validity_reAct == 0)
data.validity_reAct = (unsigned char*) FrameMemory::getInstance().getBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
if(data.idepth_reAct == 0)
data.idepth_reAct = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer((data.width[0]*data.height[0]));
if(data.idepthVar_reAct == 0)
data.idepthVar_reAct = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer((data.width[0]*data.height[0]));
// 赋值
float* id_pt = data.idepth_reAct;// 起始位置
float* id_pt_max = data.idepth_reAct + (data.width[0]*data.height[0]);// 最大位置
float* idv_pt = data.idepthVar_reAct;
unsigned char* val_pt = data.validity_reAct;
for (; id_pt < id_pt_max; ++ id_pt, ++ idv_pt, ++ val_pt, ++depthMap)
{
if(depthMap->isValid)// 深度图 有效
{
*id_pt = depthMap->idepth;// 深度值
*idv_pt = depthMap->idepth_var;// 深度值方差
*val_pt = depthMap->validity_counter;
}
else if(depthMap->blacklisted < MIN_BLACKLIST)
{
*idv_pt = -2;
}
else
{
*idv_pt = -1;
}
}
data.reActivationDataValid = true;
}
// 参考帧
void Frame::setPermaRef(TrackingReference* reference)
{
assert(reference->frameID == id());
reference->makePointCloud(QUICK_KF_CHECK_LVL);
permaRef_mutex.lock();// 上锁
if(permaRef_colorAndVarData != 0)
delete permaRef_colorAndVarData;
if(permaRef_posData != 0)
delete permaRef_posData;
permaRefNumPts = reference->numData[QUICK_KF_CHECK_LVL];
permaRef_colorAndVarData = new Eigen::Vector2f[permaRefNumPts];
permaRef_posData = new Eigen::Vector3f[permaRefNumPts];
memcpy(permaRef_colorAndVarData,
reference->colorAndVarData[QUICK_KF_CHECK_LVL],
sizeof(Eigen::Vector2f) * permaRefNumPts);
memcpy(permaRef_posData,
reference->posData[QUICK_KF_CHECK_LVL],
sizeof(Eigen::Vector3f) * permaRefNumPts);
permaRef_mutex.unlock();
}
// 求解 深度值标准差逆( 深度值方差逆 开根号 ) 均值(求和 取平均)
void Frame::calculateMeanInformation()
{
return;
if(numMappablePixels < 0)
maxGradients(0);
const float* idv = idepthVar(0);// 深度方差 起始位置
const float* idv_max = idv + width(0)*height(0);// 最大位置
float sum = 0; int goodpx = 0;
for(const float* pt=idv; pt < idv_max; pt++)
{
if(*pt > 0)
{
sum += sqrtf(1.0f / *pt);// 深度值方差逆 开根号 得到 深度值标准差逆 和
goodpx++;
}
}
meanInformation = sum / goodpx;// 深度值标准差逆 均值
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// 使用 逆深度图深度值假设值(高斯分布平滑后的数据) 设置 第0层的 逆深度均值和方差 对深度估计值进行设定
void Frame::setDepth(const DepthMapPixelHypothesis* newDepth)
{
// 首先调用了锁，把数据都锁了起来
boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> lock = getActiveLock();
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);
// 申请第0层的 深度均值和方差 的存储空间
if(data.idepth[0] == 0)
data.idepth[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
if(data.idepthVar[0] == 0)
data.idepthVar[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
float* pyrIDepth = data.idepth[0];// 第一个内存地址的指针
float* pyrIDepthVar = data.idepthVar[0];
float* pyrIDepthMax = pyrIDepth + (data.width[0]*data.height[0]);// 最大的内存地址
float sumIdepth=0;// 逆深度均值和
int numIdepth=0;// 有 有效逆深度值 的 像素点数量
for (; pyrIDepth < pyrIDepthMax; ++ pyrIDepth, ++ pyrIDepthVar, ++ newDepth) //, ++ pyrRefID)
{
if (newDepth->isValid && newDepth->idepth_smoothed >= -0.05)// 预设值的值符合 一些前提条件
{
*pyrIDepth = newDepth->idepth_smoothed;// 逆深度均值
*pyrIDepthVar = newDepth->idepth_var_smoothed;// 逆深度方差
numIdepth++;// 有 有效逆深度值 的 像素点数量
sumIdepth += newDepth->idepth_smoothed;// 逆深度均值和
}
// 预设值不符合规定，设置异常值 -1
else
{
*pyrIDepth = -1;
*pyrIDepthVar = -1;
}
}
meanIdepth = sumIdepth / numIdepth;// 逆深度均值
numPoints = numIdepth;// 有 有效逆深度值 的 像素点数量
data.idepthValid[0] = true;// 第0层逆深度值 已经得到
data.idepthVarValid[0] = true;// 第0层逆深度均值 已经得到
release(IDEPTH | IDEPTH_VAR, true, true);// 最后调用release,释放第0层以上层的深度估计值
data.hasIDepthBeenSet = true;
depthHasBeenUpdatedFlag = true;// 更新标志
}
// 从 深度真实值 设置 第0层的逆深度值和方差
void Frame::setDepthFromGroundTruth(const float* depth, float cov_scale)
{
// 首先调用了锁，把数据都锁了起来
boost::shared_lock<boost::shared_mutex> lock = getActiveLock();
const float* pyrMaxGradient = maxGradients(0);
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);
// 申请第0层的 深度均值和方差 的存储空间
if(data.idepth[0] == 0)
data.idepth[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
if(data.idepthVar[0] == 0)
data.idepthVar[0] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[0]*data.height[0]);
float* pyrIDepth = data.idepth[0];// 第一个内存地址的指针
float* pyrIDepthVar = data.idepthVar[0];
int width0 = data.width[0];// 深度值图 宽度
int height0 = data.height[0];// 高度
for(int y=0;y<height0;y++)// 每一行
{
for(int x=0;x<width0;x++)// 每一列
{
// 有效位置
if (x > 0 && x < width0-1 && y > 0 && y < height0-1 && // pyramidMaxGradient is not valid for the border
pyrMaxGradient[x+y*width0] >= MIN_ABS_GRAD_CREATE &&
!isnanf(*depth) && *depth > 0)
{
*pyrIDepth = 1.0f / *depth;// 逆深度值
*pyrIDepthVar = VAR_GT_INIT_INITIAL * cov_scale;// 逆深度方差
}
// 无效位置
else
{
*pyrIDepth = -1;
*pyrIDepthVar = -1;
}
++ depth;
++ pyrIDepth;
++ pyrIDepthVar;
}
}
// 设置标志
data.idepthValid[0] = true;// 第0层 逆深度值 已经得到
data.idepthVarValid[0] = true;
// data.refIDValid[0] = true;
// Invalidate higher levels, they need to be updated with the new data
release(IDEPTH | IDEPTH_VAR, true, true);// 最后调用release,释放第0层以上层的深度估计值
data.hasIDepthBeenSet = true;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////
// 这个函数是用来设置变换的，准备 两帧之前的 旋转 平移 变换矩阵 为双目三角测量得到深度做准备
// 第一个参数传入是哪一帧，
// 第二个参数是这一帧的相似变换矩阵 ----> sR, t
// 第三个参数是相机参数 K ，
// 第四个参数是金字塔等级 level
void Frame::prepareForStereoWith(Frame* other, Sim3 thisToOther, const Eigen::Matrix3f& K, const int level)
{
Sim3 otherToThis = thisToOther.inverse();
// 1. other 变换到 当前帧 K*T = K*(R +t) = K*R + K*t
//otherToThis = data.worldToCam * other->data.camToWorld;
K_otherToThis_R = K * otherToThis.rotationMatrix().cast<float>() * otherToThis.scale();// K*R
otherToThis_t = otherToThis.translation().cast<float>();
K_otherToThis_t = K * otherToThis_t;// K*t
// 2. 当前帧 变换到 other K*T = K*(R +t) = K*R + K*t
thisToOther_t = thisToOther.translation().cast<float>();
K_thisToOther_t = K * thisToOther_t;
thisToOther_R = thisToOther.rotationMatrix().cast<float>() * thisToOther.scale();
// 3. other 变换到 当前帧 旋转矩阵的每一行 R逆 = R转置
otherToThis_R_row0 = thisToOther_R.col(0);// 第0列 转置 第0行
otherToThis_R_row1 = thisToOther_R.col(1);// 第1列 转置 第1行
otherToThis_R_row2 = thisToOther_R.col(2);// 第2列 转置 第2行
// 4. 两帧之间的 距离 平方 t * t'
distSquared = otherToThis.translation().dot(otherToThis.translation());
//参考帧
referenceID = other->id();
referenceLevel = level;
}
// 是某种请求函数
// 判断需要怎样的数据，如果这个数据没有，就调用相应的构建函数build*
void Frame::require(int dataFlags, int level)
{
if ((dataFlags & IMAGE) && ! data.imageValid[level])
{
buildImage(level);// 第几层的图像没有 则创建 递归创建 从最大的图开始 依次 下采样 获取 金字塔图像
}
if ((dataFlags & GRADIENTS) && ! data.gradientsValid[level])
{
buildGradients(level);// 第几层的 梯度没有 则创建
}
if ((dataFlags & MAX_GRADIENTS) && ! data.maxGradientsValid[level])
{
buildMaxGradients(level);// 第几层的 最大梯度 没有 则创建
}
if (((dataFlags & IDEPTH) && ! data.idepthValid[level])
|| ((dataFlags & IDEPTH_VAR) && ! data.idepthVarValid[level]))
{
buildIDepthAndIDepthVar(level);// 第几层的 逆深度 没有 则创建
}
}
// 是某种释放函数
void Frame::release(int dataFlags, bool pyramidsOnly, bool invalidateOnly)
{
for (int level = (pyramidsOnly ? 1 : 0); level < PYRAMID_LEVELS; ++ level)
{
if ((dataFlags & IMAGE) && data.imageValid[level])
{
data.imageValid[level] = false;
if(!invalidateOnly)
releaseImage(level);// 释放 图像
}
if ((dataFlags & GRADIENTS) && data.gradientsValid[level])
{
data.gradientsValid[level] = false;
if(!invalidateOnly)
releaseGradients(level);// 释放 梯度图
}
if ((dataFlags & MAX_GRADIENTS) && data.maxGradientsValid[level])
{
data.maxGradientsValid[level] = false;
if(!invalidateOnly)
releaseMaxGradients(level);// 释放最大梯度图
}
if ((dataFlags & IDEPTH) && data.idepthValid[level])
{
data.idepthValid[level] = false;
if(!invalidateOnly)
releaseIDepth(level);// 释放逆深度图
}
if ((dataFlags & IDEPTH_VAR) && data.idepthVarValid[level])
{
data.idepthVarValid[level] = false;
if(!invalidateOnly)
releaseIDepthVar(level);// 释放逆深度图 值
}
}
}
// 是最小化储存函数
// 就是释放一些内存
bool Frame::minimizeInMemory()
{
if(activeMutex.timed_lock(boost::posix_time::milliseconds(10)))
{
buildMutex.lock();
// 打印信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printMemoryDebugInfo)
printf("minimizing frame %d\n",id());
release(IMAGE | IDEPTH | IDEPTH_VAR, true, false);
release(GRADIENTS | MAX_GRADIENTS, false, false);
clear_refPixelWasGood();
buildMutex.unlock();
activeMutex.unlock();
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 类参数变量初始化 主要初始化 图像金字塔的 内参数 内参数逆
void Frame::initialize(int id, int width, int height, const Eigen::Matrix3f& K, double timestamp)
{
data.id = id;// id
pose = new FramePoseStruct(this);// 帧位姿
// 相机内参
data.K[0] = K;
data.fx[0] = K(0,0);
data.fy[0] = K(1,1);
data.cx[0] = K(0,2);
data.cy[0] = K(1,2);
// 相机内参数逆
data.KInv[0] = K.inverse();// 逆矩阵
data.fxInv[0] = data.KInv[0](0,0);
data.fyInv[0] = data.KInv[0](1,1);
data.cxInv[0] = data.KInv[0](0,2);
data.cyInv[0] = data.KInv[0](1,2);
data.timestamp = timestamp;// 时间戳
data.hasIDepthBeenSet = false;
depthHasBeenUpdatedFlag = false;
referenceID = -1;
referenceLevel = -1;
numMappablePixels = -1;
/// 初始化金字塔
for (int level = 0; level < PYRAMID_LEVELS; ++ level)
{
data.width[level] = width >> level;// 右移位 相等于 除以2
data.height[level] = height >> level;
data.imageValid[level] = false;
data.gradientsValid[level] = false;
data.maxGradientsValid[level] = false;
data.idepthValid[level] = false;
data.idepthVarValid[level] = false;
data.image[level] = 0;
data.gradients[level] = 0;
data.maxGradients[level] = 0;
data.idepth[level] = 0;
data.idepthVar[level] = 0;
data.reActivationDataValid = false;
// data.refIDValid[level] = false;
// 初始化相机金字塔
if (level > 0)
{
data.fx[level] = data.fx[level-1] * 0.5;// 相应的 内参数 是 上一层的一般 大小变小了 变为原来的1/2
data.fy[level] = data.fy[level-1] * 0.5;
data.cx[level] = (data.cx[0] + 0.5) / ((int)1<<level) - 0.5;// 也是 变为 1/2
data.cy[level] = (data.cy[0] + 0.5) / ((int)1<<level) - 0.5;
data.K[level] << data.fx[level], 0.0, data.cx[level], 0.0, data.fy[level], data.cy[level], 0.0, 0.0, 1.0; // synthetic
data.KInv[level] = (data.K[level]).inverse();
data.fxInv[level] = data.KInv[level](0,0);
data.fyInv[level] = data.KInv[level](1,1);
data.cxInv[level] = data.KInv[level](0,2);
data.cyInv[level] = data.KInv[level](1,2);
}
}
data.validity_reAct = 0;
data.idepthVar_reAct = 0;
data.idepth_reAct = 0;
data.refPixelWasGood = 0;
permaRefNumPts = 0;
permaRef_colorAndVarData = 0;
permaRef_posData = 0;
meanIdepth = 1;
numPoints = 0;
numFramesTrackedOnThis = numMappedOnThis = numMappedOnThisTotal = 0;
idxInKeyframes = -1;
edgeErrorSum = edgesNum = 1;
lastConstraintTrackedCamToWorld = Sim3();
isActive = false;
}
void Frame::setDepth_Allocate()
{
return;
}
// 创建对应层图像金字塔的 图像
// 递归构建底层金字塔，因为上层金字塔是以底层为基础的
// 分配内存 从上一层 隔行隔列下采样 方案是下层金字塔的四个像素的值的平均值合并成一个
// 建立每一层 图像金字塔
void Frame::buildImage(int level)
{
if (level == 0)
{
printf("Frame::buildImage(0): Loading image from disk is not implemented yet! No-op.\n");
return;
}
require(IMAGE, level - 1);// 首先是递归构建底层金字塔，因为上层金字塔是以底层为基础的
// 递归到底层后，调用buildMutex互斥锁，
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);// 创建线程锁 上锁
if(data.imageValid[level])
return;
// 打印调试信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printFrameBuildDebugInfo)
printf("CREATE Image lvl %d for frame %d\n", level, id());
// 当前层的 图像宽 高
int width = data.width[level - 1];// 0,1,2,3,4
int height = data.height[level - 1];
const float* source = data.image[level - 1];// 上一层的图像
// 之后才是判断这个等级的金字塔是否已经构建，然后向内存管理的对象申请内存，之后构建整个金字塔
if (data.image[level] == 0)// 指针为空 当前层 未分配存储空间
// 分配 存储空间
data.image[level] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(data.width[level] * data.height[level]);
float* dest = data.image[level];// 目标地址
#if defined(ENABLE_SSE)
// I assume all all subsampled width's are a multiple of 8.
// if this is not the case, this still works except for the last * pixel, which will produce a segfault.
// in that case, reduce this loop and calculate the last 0-3 dest pixels by hand....
if (width % 8 == 0)
{
__m128 p025 = _mm_setr_ps(0.25f,0.25f,0.25f,0.25f);
const float* maxY = source+width*height;
for(const float* y = source; y < maxY; y+=width*2)
{
const float* maxX = y+width;
for(const float* x=y; x < maxX; x += 8)
{
// i am calculating four dest pixels at a time.
__m128 top_left = _mm_load_ps((float*)x);
__m128 bot_left = _mm_load_ps((float*)x+width);
__m128 left = _mm_add_ps(top_left,bot_left);
__m128 top_right = _mm_load_ps((float*)x+4);
__m128 bot_right = _mm_load_ps((float*)x+width+4);
__m128 right = _mm_add_ps(top_right,bot_right);
__m128 sumA = _mm_shuffle_ps(left,right, _MM_SHUFFLE(2,0,2,0));
__m128 sumB = _mm_shuffle_ps(left,right, _MM_SHUFFLE(3,1,3,1));
__m128 sum = _mm_add_ps(sumA,sumB);
sum = _mm_mul_ps(sum,p025);
_mm_store_ps(dest, sum);
dest += 4;
}
}
data.imageValid[level] = true;
return;
}
#elif defined(ENABLE_NEON)
// I assume all all subsampled width's are a multiple of 8.
// if this is not the case, this still works except for the last * pixel, which will produce a segfault.
// in that case, reduce this loop and calculate the last 0-3 dest pixels by hand....
if (width % 8 == 0)
{
static const float p025[] = {0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25};
int width_iteration_count = width / 8;
int height_iteration_count = height / 2;
const float* cur_px = source;
const float* next_row_px = source + width;
__asm__ __volatile__
(
"vldmia %[p025], {q10} \n\t" // p025(q10)
".height_loop: \n\t"
"mov r5, %[width_iteration_count] \n\t" // store width_iteration_count
".width_loop: \n\t"
"vldmia %[cur_px]!, {q0-q1} \n\t" // top_left(q0), top_right(q1)
"vldmia %[next_row_px]!, {q2-q3} \n\t" // bottom_left(q2), bottom_right(q3)
"vadd.f32 q0, q0, q2 \n\t" // left(q0)
"vadd.f32 q1, q1, q3 \n\t" // right(q1)
"vpadd.f32 d0, d0, d1 \n\t" // pairwise add into sum(q0)
"vpadd.f32 d1, d2, d3 \n\t"
"vmul.f32 q0, q0, q10 \n\t" // multiply with 0.25 to get average
"vstmia %[dest]!, {q0} \n\t"
"subs %[width_iteration_count], %[width_iteration_count], #1 \n\t"
"bne .width_loop \n\t"
"mov %[width_iteration_count], r5 \n\t" // restore width_iteration_count
// Advance one more line
"add %[cur_px], %[cur_px], %[rowSize] \n\t"
"add %[next_row_px], %[next_row_px], %[rowSize] \n\t"
"subs %[height_iteration_count], %[height_iteration_count], #1 \n\t"
"bne .height_loop \n\t"
: /* outputs */ [cur_px]"+&r"(cur_px),
[next_row_px]"+&r"(next_row_px),
[width_iteration_count]"+&r"(width_iteration_count),
[height_iteration_count]"+&r"(height_iteration_count),
[dest]"+&r"(dest)
: /* inputs */ [p025]"r"(p025),
[rowSize]"r"(width * sizeof(float))
: /* clobber */ "memory", "cc", "r5",
"q0", "q1", "q2", "q3", "q10"
);
data.imageValid[level] = true;
return;
}
#endif
int wh = width*height;// 当前层 像素总数
const float* s;
for(int y=0; y<wh; y += width*2)
{
for(int x=0; x<width; x+= 2)// 从上一层 隔行隔列下采样
{
s = source + x + y;// 上一层 像素对应位置
*dest = (s[0] +
s[1] +
s[width] +
s[1+width]) * 0.25f;// 四个像素的值的平均值合并成一个
dest++;
}
}
data.imageValid[level] = true;// 该层 图像已经构建
}
// 释放图像
void Frame::releaseImage(int level)
{
if (level == 0)
{
printf("Frame::releaseImage(0): Storing image on disk is not supported yet! No-op.\n");
return;
}
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.image[level]);
data.image[level] = 0;// 指针为0
}
// 根据 图像金字塔 构建梯度金字塔 xy方向梯度 是 中心差分
void Frame::buildGradients(int level)
{
// 梯度图像需要 同一层的 图像
require(IMAGE, level);
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);
if(data.gradientsValid[level])// 空指针 为分配内存 返回
return;
// 打印调试信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printFrameBuildDebugInfo)
printf("CREATE Gradients lvl %d for frame %d\n", level, id());
// 当前层图像的宽度和高度
int width = data.width[level];
int height = data.height[level];
// 存储指针为空，则 申请内存空间
if(data.gradients[level] == 0)
// x 方向梯度 y方向梯度 当前点像素值 第四维度没有存储数据 gradxyii_pt
data.gradients[level] = (Eigen::Vector4f*)FrameMemory::getInstance().getBuffer(sizeof(Eigen::Vector4f) * width * height);
const float* img_pt = data.image[level] + width;// 第二行开始 的 图像值 应为要计算y方向梯度
const float* img_pt_max = data.image[level] + width*(height-1);// 图像 最大的指针地址
Eigen::Vector4f* gradxyii_pt = data.gradients[level] + width;// 梯度值对应的 空间指针
// in each iteration i need -1,0,p1,mw,pw
float val_m1 = *(img_pt-1);// 是左右两个像素点的梯度
float val_00 = *img_pt;// 当前中心点
float val_p1;// 是中心差分
// *(img_pt-width)
// val_m1 *(img_pt) val_p1
// *(img_pt+width)
// (val_p1 - val_m1)/2 = x 方向梯度
// 0.5f*(*(img_pt+width) - *(img_pt-width)) = y方向梯度
// val_00 = *(img_pt) 当前 点像素值
// 第四维度 没有存储数据 gradxyii_pt Eigen::Vector4f
for(; img_pt < img_pt_max; img_pt++, gradxyii_pt++)
{
val_p1 = *(img_pt+1);
*((float*)gradxyii_pt) = 0.5f*(val_p1 - val_m1);// 是左右两个像素点的梯度 x方向梯度
*(((float*)gradxyii_pt)+1) = 0.5f*(*(img_pt+width) - *(img_pt-width));// +/- 一行的长度就得到 上下的坐标 y方向梯度
*(((float*)gradxyii_pt)+2) = val_00;// 像素值
val_m1 = val_00;// 迭代
val_00 = val_p1;
}
data.gradientsValid[level] = true;
}
// 释放 梯度 金字塔
void Frame::releaseGradients(int level)
{
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(reinterpret_cast<float*>(data.gradients[level]));
data.gradients[level] = 0;
}
// 创建 梯度图内 临近四点中梯度最大值 的 最大值梯度 图 ， 并记录梯度值较大的可以映射 成 地图点的数量
// 在梯度图中 求的 上中下 三个梯度值中的最大值，形成临时梯度最大值图
// 在临时梯度最大值图 中求 的 左中右 三个梯度值中的最大值，形成最后的 最大梯度值地图
// 并记录 最大梯度大小超过阈值的点 可以映射成地图点
void Frame::buildMaxGradients(int level)
{
// 需要同一层级的 梯度图
require(GRADIENTS, level);
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);
// 已经 得到过了，就不要计算了
if(data.maxGradientsValid[level]) return;
// 打印调试信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printFrameBuildDebugInfo)
printf("CREATE AbsGrad lvl %d for frame %d\n", level, id());
// 当前层级的 宽度和高度
int width = data.width[level];
int height = data.height[level];
// 未申请内存则申请内存
if (data.maxGradients[level] == 0)
data.maxGradients[level] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(width * height);
// 临时内存地址
float* maxGradTemp = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(width * height);
// 1. 秋去合成梯度大小 sqrt(dx^2 + dy^2) write abs gradients in real data.
Eigen::Vector4f* gradxyii_pt = data.gradients[level] + width;// 梯度 第二行开始的 地址 ， x梯度 y梯度 像素值 空
float* maxgrad_pt = data.maxGradients[level] + width;// 对应最大梯度值 存储起始地址
float* maxgrad_pt_max = data.maxGradients[level] + width*(height-1);// 对应最大梯度值 最大存储地址
for(; maxgrad_pt < maxgrad_pt_max; maxgrad_pt++, gradxyii_pt++)
{
float dx = *((float*)gradxyii_pt);// x 方向梯度
float dy = *(1+(float*)gradxyii_pt);// y方向梯度
*maxgrad_pt = sqrtf(dx*dx + dy*dy);// 和成梯度
}
// 2. 求每个梯度值上中下三个位置中的最大值形成的 临时最大梯度图
// smear up/down direction into temp buffer
maxgrad_pt = data.maxGradients[level] + width+1;//第二行 第二个 开始 位置
maxgrad_pt_max = data.maxGradients[level] + width*(height-1)-1;// 最大位置
float* maxgrad_t_pt = maxGradTemp + width+1;// 对应位置的 临时变量地址
for(;maxgrad_pt<maxgrad_pt_max; maxgrad_pt++, maxgrad_t_pt++)
{
float g1 = maxgrad_pt[-width];// 上方位置的 合成梯度
float g2 = maxgrad_pt[0];// 当前点 合成梯度
if(g1 < g2) g1 = g2;// 保留g1 和 g2 中的最大值
float g3 = maxgrad_pt[width];// 下方位置的 合成梯度
if(g1 < g3)
*maxgrad_t_pt = g3; // 临时最大值
else
*maxgrad_t_pt = g1;// 临时最大值
}
float numMappablePixels = 0;
// 3. smear left/right direction into real data
maxgrad_pt = data.maxGradients[level] + width+1;//第二行 第二个 开始 位置
maxgrad_pt_max = data.maxGradients[level] + width*(height-1)-1;// 最大位置
maxgrad_t_pt = maxGradTemp + width+1;// 对应位置的 临时变量地址
for(;maxgrad_pt<maxgrad_pt_max; maxgrad_pt++, maxgrad_t_pt++)
{
float g1 = maxgrad_t_pt[-1];// 左边
float g2 = maxgrad_t_pt[0];// 中间
if(g1 < g2) g1 = g2;// 保留g1 和 g2 中的最大值
float g3 = maxgrad_t_pt[1];// 右边
if(g1 < g3)
{
*maxgrad_pt = g3;// 最大值
if(g3 >= MIN_ABS_GRAD_CREATE)
numMappablePixels++;// 梯度大小超过阈值的 计数
}
else
{
*maxgrad_pt = g1;
if(g1 >= MIN_ABS_GRAD_CREATE)
numMappablePixels++;// 梯度大小超过阈值的 计数
}
}
if(level==0)
this->numMappablePixels = numMappablePixels;// 梯度值较大的点可以 求的 地图点
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(maxGradTemp);// 删除临时内存
data.maxGradientsValid[level] = true;// 得到周围四点 最大梯度值 地图
}
// 深度 最大梯度值地图
void Frame::releaseMaxGradients(int level)
{
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.maxGradients[level]);
data.maxGradients[level] = 0;
}
// 根据最初逆深度均值图 构建 逆深度均值图 方差图(高斯分布) 金字塔
// current -----> 右边一个
// 下边 下右边 上一层四个位置处的和
// 上一层 逆方差和 / 上一层 逆深度均值 (四个位置处) 和 得到深度信息 再 取逆得到 逆深度均值
// 上一层 逆深度 方差和 取逆得到 本层 逆深度方差
void Frame::buildIDepthAndIDepthVar(int level)
{
if (! data.hasIDepthBeenSet)
{
printfAssert("Frame::buildIDepthAndIDepthVar(): idepth has not been set yet!\n");
return;
}
if (level == 0)
{
printf("Frame::buildIDepthAndIDepthVar(0): Loading depth from disk is not implemented yet! No-op.\n");
return;
}
// 递归构建 从最开始的 逆深度图开始构建
require(IDEPTH, level - 1);// 需要上一层的逆深度图
boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lock2(buildMutex);
if(data.idepthValid[level] && data.idepthVarValid[level])// 该层 逆深度均值 和方差 已经创建 就返回
return;
// 打印调试信息
if(enablePrintDebugInfo && printFrameBuildDebugInfo)
printf("CREATE IDepth lvl %d for frame %d\n", level, id());
// 当前层的 宽度和高度
int width = data.width[level];
int height = data.height[level];
// 逆深度均值和 逆深度方差图 内存是否分配
// 若未分配内存，则分配内存
if (data.idepth[level] == 0)
data.idepth[level] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(width * height);
if (data.idepthVar[level] == 0)
data.idepthVar[level] = FrameMemory::getInstance().getFloatBuffer(width * height);
// 上一层 图像宽度
int sw = data.width[level - 1];
const float* idepthSource = data.idepth[level - 1];// 上一层 逆深度均值 指针
const float* idepthVarSource = data.idepthVar[level - 1];// 上一层 逆深度方差 指针
float* idepthDest = data.idepth[level];// 当前层 逆深度均值 指针
float* idepthVarDest = data.idepthVar[level];// 当前层 逆深度方差 指针
//
// current -----> 右边一个
// 下边 下右边 上一层四个位置处的和
//
for(int y=0;y<height;y++)// 每一行
{
for(int x=0;x<width;x++)// 每一列
{
int idx = 2*(x+y*sw);// 在上一层中的偏移量×2 因为上一层的尺寸是当前层的 2倍
int idxDest = (x+y*width);// 当前层的 偏移量
float idepthSumsSum = 0;// 逆深度均值 之和
float ivarSumsSum = 0;// 逆深度方差 的逆之 和
int num=0;
// build sums
float ivar;// 逆方差
float var = idepthVarSource[idx];// 上一层 逆深度方差
if(var > 0)
{
ivar = 1.0f / var;// 逆方差
ivarSumsSum += ivar;// 逆方差 之和
idepthSumsSum += ivar * idepthSource[idx];// 加权 逆深度之和 以逆方差为权重
num++;
}
var = idepthVarSource[idx+1];// 右边一个
if(var > 0)
{
ivar = 1.0f / var;
ivarSumsSum += ivar;
idepthSumsSum += ivar * idepthSource[idx+1];
num++;
}
var = idepthVarSource[idx+sw];// 下边的一个
if(var > 0)
{
ivar = 1.0f / var;
ivarSumsSum += ivar;
idepthSumsSum += ivar * idepthSource[idx+sw];
num++;
}
var = idepthVarSource[idx+sw+1];// 下右边的一个
if(var > 0)
{
ivar = 1.0f / var;
ivarSumsSum += ivar;
idepthSumsSum += ivar * idepthSource[idx+sw+1];
num++;
}
if(num > 0)
{
float depth = ivarSumsSum / idepthSumsSum;// 上一层 逆方差和 / 上一层 逆深度和 得到深度信息
idepthDest[idxDest] = 1.0f / depth;// 深度取逆 得到 逆深度
idepthVarDest[idxDest] = num / ivarSumsSum;// 上一层 逆深度 方差和 取逆得到 本层 逆深度方法
}
else
{
idepthDest[idxDest] = -1;
idepthVarDest[idxDest] = -1;
}
}
}
data.idepthValid[level] = true;
data.idepthVarValid[level] = true;
}
// 释放 逆深度均值图 层
void Frame::releaseIDepth(int level)
{
if (level == 0)
{
printf("Frame::releaseIDepth(0): Storing depth on disk is not supported yet! No-op.\n");
return;
}
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepth[level]);
data.idepth[level] = 0;
}
// 释放逆深度 方差 图 层
void Frame::releaseIDepthVar(int level)
{
if (level == 0)
{
printf("Frame::releaseIDepthVar(0): Storing depth variance on disk is not supported yet! No-op.\n");
return;
}
FrameMemory::getInstance().returnBuffer(data.idepthVar[level]);
data.idepthVar[level] = 0;
}
void Frame::printfAssert(const char* message) const
{
assert(!message);
printf("%s\n", message);
}
}
| 2024-06-04T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8722 |
Build Your Backyard Ice Rink: A Step-by-Step Guide
Ice skating is something many people learn, either as kids, or later on in life from their friends. Unlike playing the violin, it’s one of those things that’s not too hard to pick up without lessons.
If you live in a suburban or rural area with ample space in the backyard, you may be considering how to enjoy this pastime in the comfort of your own backyard. Here’s how to build your own skating rink:
Check the Fine Print
Before you begin, check your city’s by-laws to make sure what you do is in accordance with municipal law.
Consider the Weather
This year has been a mild one so far, as El Niño brings warmer ocean air north. If you’re planning to construct a skating rink in your yard, try a two-step process: build the frame before the ground freezes, then wait until the temperatures are consistently below zero before lining the frame and filling the rink.
Suit Up
If you’re building a skating rink for your family and other families to enjoy, you’ll want to make sure everyone is safe. As the property owner, you could be liable for injuries that happen on your land. Children should all don elbow and kneepads as well as helmets. Adults should also wear helmets, and consider wearing pads, too.
Skaters should never be alone; two people should be on the ice at all times. Kids should be watched by adults and there should be ample lighting.
Items you’ll need:
Wooden or plastic boards to form the wall of the rink
Triangular brackets to hold up the boards. You can build these yourself using 2x4s or buy them at your local hardware store
A thick, white plastic liner to go on top of the wooden boards to prevent leaks
Clamps to hold the liner in place
Wooden stakes to measure how high the rink will be and to outline the rink perimeter
Tape measure
Rubber mallet
String
Level
Step 1: Ascertain Yard Level
Before you buy the boards, brackets and liner, use the string, level, tape measure and wooden stakes to find out how hilly your yard is. You’ll want the rink to be close to the house, but make sure it isn’t in an area that slopes down towards the property, or the melted water may cause a minor flood when the spring thaw occurs. If you live in a much colder area of Canada with abundant snow in the winter, you can forgo the use of boards and can pack snow in as the rink base, while using snowbanks in place of the wooden boards.
Step 2: The Frame
You’ll want to start with the frame, which is easiest to install in late November or early December, before the ground freezes.
Decide what kind of boards you’re going to use. There are boards specifically made for ice rinks that have good longevity, but you can also use plywood or two-by lumber.
Next, you’ll need to mount the boards on the brackets at 4 foot intervals, at a minimum. Like boards, there are many types of brackets available, it’s easier to buy triangular ones with long spikes at the base, or if you’re handy, you can fashion your own.
Step 3: The Liner
Now that the frame is up, you must wait until it’s quite cold, at least -10°C. At this point, unfurl the liner you’ve purchased so that it’s flush with the boards and the ground. Having a liner that’s higher than the boards is good, to prevent water from cascading over when you start to fill. Use clamps to hold the liner in place, not staples.
Step 4: Just Add Water
Now, administer three coats of water, waiting until each coat is solid before adding the next layer. Multiple thin coats are more effective than one thick coat. Start filling at the edges of the rink. Once your rink is full and all three coats are done, then you can staple the liner to the boards.
As the owner, you should remain wary of holes and bumps. Clear the ice, meaning, remove bumps with a small axe and blow excess snow away with a blower or broom.
Step 5: Enjoy!
All that hard work was for something. Invite some of your and your kids’ favourites over and host a unique skating experience just steps away from home!
Build Your Backyard Ice Rink: A Step-by-Step Guide
Maple syrup. Maple Leaves. Tobogganing. Bacon. Beavers. Hockey. These are some of the emblematic things we think of when we think of Canada. | 2024-06-01T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9051 |
Latest Posts
San Francisco’s renowned “Postcard Row” sits at 710 to 720 Steiner Street, right across the street from Alamo Square park. But how much do you really know about the most famous homes in the city? While not exactly a destination for residents, the picturesque Painted... | 2024-04-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8933 |
Details the anatomy of the orbit and adnexa, and emphasizes a practical approach to the evaluation and management of orbital and eyelid disorders, including malposition s and involutional changes. Updates current information on congenital, inflammatory, infectious, neoplastic, traumatic conditions of the orbit and accessory structures. Covers key aspects of orbital, eyelid and facial surgery and abnormalities of the lacrimal secretory and drainage systems. Section 7 is enhanced with six videos and many images. Both print and eBook users have access to the videos.
Upon completion of Section 7, readers should be able to:
Describe the normal anatomy and function of orbital and periocular tissues
Choose appropriate examination techniques and protocols for diagnosing disorders of the orbit, eyelids, and lacrimal system
Describe functional and cosmetic indications in the surgical management of eyelid and periorbital conditions | 2023-09-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5113 |
Q:
Volume using disk method $y = 2\sqrt{x} \quad y=x$
$y = 2\sqrt{x}$
$y=x$
about $x=-2$
I know that $y=x$ is on the outside and they meet at 4.
I need these in terms of y since I rotate about y.
$x = y$
$x = \frac{y^2}{4}$
$$\pi \int_0^4 (y - (-2))^2 - \left(\frac{y^2}{4} - (-2)\right)^2 dy$$
$$\pi \int_0^4 (y + 2)^2 - \left(\frac{y^2}{4} + 2\right)^2 dy$$
$$\pi \int_0^4 y^2 + 4y +4 - \left(\frac{y^4}{16} +4y+4\right) dy$$
$$\pi \int_0^4 y^2 - \frac{y^4}{16} dy$$
$$\pi \left(\frac{y^3}{3} - \frac{y^5}{16*5}\right)$$
Gives me $\dfrac{128\pi}{15}$
Where did I go wrong?
A:
As pointed out in the other answer, your expansion of the subtracted term is off:
$$\pi \cdot \int_0^4 (y + 2)^2 -\left (\frac{y^2}{4} + 2\right)^2 dy$$
So far, so good. Your set up looks fantastic.
But note that expanding the subtracted square, we get:
$$\pi \cdot \int_0^4 y^2 + 4y +4 - \left(\frac{y^4}{16} +4\cdot\frac{y^2}{4} +4\right) dy = \pi \cdot \int_0^4 y^2 + 4y +4 - \frac{y^4}{16} - {y^2} -4 \,dy $$
$$\pi \cdot \int_0^4 4y - \frac{y^4}{16} dy$$
NOW integrating gives us $$\pi\left(\frac {4y^2}{2} - \frac{y^5}{5\cdot 16}\right)\Big|_0^4 = \pi\left(32 - \frac{64}{5}\right) = \left(\frac{96}{5}\right)\pi $$
| 2024-06-27T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6262 |
[Ligation and resection of the inferior vena cava during surgical removal of the retroperitoneal tumors involving the inferior vena cava: feasibility and safety assessment].
To assess the feasibility and safety of excising or patching the inferior vena cava (IVC) without replacement in patients with primary retroperitoneal tumors (PRPT) involving the IVC. A retrospective analysis was conducted in 116 consecutive patients with PRPT presented to our Hospital between December 2007 and December 2008. IVC involvement was found in 11.2% of the cases, and in 93 cases receiving surgical tumor removal, the complete resection rate was 93.55%. According to the location of IVC involvement by the PRPT, the cases were classified into 3 groups with IVC involvement in the segment from the second hepatic portal vein to the renal vein (segment A), the segment on the bilateral renal vein plane (segment B), and the segment from the caval bifurcation to the renal vein (segment C). The most common vascular involvement occurred in segment C (61.54%, 8/13), and 2 cases presented with segment A involvement and 2 had segment B involvement. All the 3 segments of IVC were involved in 1 case. Five cases with IVC involvement received IVC patching only, and 4 had resection or ligation of the segment C of the IVC, and resection of the segment A and B of the IVC was performed in 2 and 1 case, respectively. One patient received complete resection of whole IVC involved. All patients recovered smoothly and were discharged. The infrarenal IVC can be ligated or resected safely without reconstruction. Combined resection of the bilateral renal vein and segment B of the IVC may result in renal insufficiency. IVC involvement and occlusion between the second hepatic portal and renal veins can be ligated safely without affecting the renal function. | 2024-05-10T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/5515 |
---
# handlers file for ansible-openldap
- name: restart slapd
service:
name: slapd
state: restarted
| 2023-12-08T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/6210 |
Q:
android cyclic inheritance involving between Fragment Activity and Main Activity
Simply Saying I have 2 fragment A & B and 1 MainActivity.
MainActivity Implements both A&B Interface
But when I tried to Implement Interface to fragment A from MainActivity Interface, it says:
cyclic inheritance involving 'fragment A activity'
I already search for another similar question, but it seems still doesn't worked for me. By the way, I want to do this is because I want to pass an Custom ArrayList to Fragment A Activity.
Here is my code
Main Activity:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
implements MostPopularArticle.OnFragmentInteractionListenerMP,
LatestArticle.OnFragmentInteractionListener {
public interface MainActivityFliterMethod {
void FilterList(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> getSetListValueData);
}
}
Fragment A Code
public class MostPopularArticle extends Fragment implements
MainActivity.MainActivityFliterMethod {
public interface OnFragmentInteractionListenerMP {
// TODO: Update argument type and name
void onFragmentInteractionMostPopular(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> arrayList);
}
}
A:
ordinary the IDE should indicate circular references ... it might be similar to this default example, while putting interfaces into their own files is often more easy. and you'd have to pass the Activity's listener somehow into the Fragment, so that it can be triggered from within there.
public interface FragmentInteractionListener {
void onFragmentInteractionMostPopular(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> arrayList);
}
public interface FilterMethod {
void FilterList(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> getSetListValueData);
}
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements FragmentInteractionListener {
/** Constructor */
public MainActivity() {}
@Override
void onFragmentInteractionMostPopular(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> arrayList) {
}
}
public class MostPopularArticle extends Fragment implements FilterMethod {
private FragmentInteractionListener mListener;
/** Constructor */
public MostPopularArticle(Context context, FragmentInteractionListener listener) {
this.setContext(context);
this.mListener = listener;
}
@Override
void FilterList(ArrayList<getSetListValueData> getSetListValueData) {
}
}
| 2023-11-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1994 |
Inactivation of fusidic acid by resistant Streptomyces strains.
Streptomyces lividans and several other Streptomyces species are resistant to the steroid-like antibiotic fusidic acid. This resistance is mediated by structural modification of the antibiotic. Using TLC, CD, UV, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy the structure of one of the resulting inactive compounds was determined. It is derived from fusidic acid by the loss of an acetyl group and the formation of a lactone ring between C-21 and C-16. In addition, helvolic acid, a compound closely related to fusidic acid, has been shown to be modified. | 2024-01-31T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1082 |
Q:
Suggestions on packaging a website for dynamic deployment
I'm working on a website that I would like to package and have a download-and-install archive, much like wikimedia engine.
What are some of the things I need to be considering? Obviously I have to have my index.php file check for user permissions, access to database, then create the tables etc...
What may I be forgetting, or what may be overlooked?
A:
Common things that I think people sometimes overlook in these types of deployments include the following:
1. Eliminating the Dependency on a Specific Hostname.
There should be no mention in the code of any specific hostname. For instance, if you used the url "dev.example.com" when developing the application, and if this is hard-coded in the application, it would create problems during the deployment.
2. Proper and Helpful Error Handling
Unfortunately, most of your users will not have their environment configured exactly as yours.
For example, MySQL database may not be running on the same port, path, etc that it is on your system. Therefore, if the application doesn't connect to the database, it should try to help diagnose why and then print a helpful error message. "MySQL cannot be located, please use port XXXX and make sure it's running at path /var/db/mysql. Edit the XYXYZ.xml configuration file to specify your port and path".
This is just one of many examples. I suggest you try a deployment on a fresh machine -- such as a Virtual Machine -- and then go through the deployment issues one by one and see if you can simplify them.
A hallway usability test with a potential user may also be helpful as it will open your eyes to things you may have missed.
3. Web Server Configuration
Is the web server embedded in your application? Containers like Jetty, Resin, and Restlets for Java can be embedded inside the application. I believe this lowers the configuration overhead as you could control this from within your application much easier than having to force your user to configure IIS or Apache (or whatever web server you are using)
I am not aware if Apache can be embedded, but this may be something to look into: Mongoose Web Server
4. Useful, Easy to Understand Documentation
Oftentimes, I feel many developers overlook this aspect of software development. It's not exciting, but it's absolutely critical for adoption of your product.
I recommend YouTube videos, or just visuals in general. My company started using YouTube as a way to demonstrate how to get started using different products, and people really seem to like it. A picture speaks a thousand words, and they can quickly convey a message that would otherwise take paragraphs to describe.
| 2023-08-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1015 |
John Rich Argues GPS Monitor Is Necessary for Accused Stalker
A judge has ordered Mark Sevier to wear a GPS ankle monitor until he can be mentally evaluated. In addition, he is also prohibited from mentioning singer John Rich, as well as a 17-year-old he is also accused of stalking, on social media.
Rich was in the courtroom last week and spoke about his fears and the benefit of the GPS device.
The Tennessean reports that Judge Casey Moreland decided in favor of the monitor, even though Sevier hasn't made violent threats toward either Rich or the teen he was accused of following in September.
Still, Rich was clearly unnerved by the 36-year-old's actions.
"I am afraid of what he might do," the Big & Rich singer admits. "I have a two-year-old son. I have a four-year-old son. That is the basis of my fears, that is, my kids … it's red alert in my house."
Rich and Sevier have had legal issues for years, but the stalking case came to a head in June when Sevier was arrested following two 2012 restraining orders. Rich contacted police in April and provided emails and photographs to officers that he says proved the order had been broken. After being released on bond, Sevier was arrested again in September for allegedly stalking the 17-year-old employee of Ben & Jerry's ice cream shop.
The Boot reports that Sevier says the teen is just jumping on Rich's bandwagon. He frequented the Ben & Jerry's because it was near Vanderbilt University's undergrad library, which, as an alumni, he often uses to access reference material. "I like ice cream, not minors," he quips.
Sevier is himself an aspiring musician who was involved in the music business for some time in the early-to-mid '00s. He is also a lawyer, but he's not allowed to practice in Tennessee due to PTSD related to time served in Iraq. | 2024-07-28T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8801 |
513 F.2d 164
BANK OF COMMERCE and First National Bank of Sheridan, Petitioners,v.BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF the FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM and WyomingBancorporation, Respondents.
No. 74-1264.
United States Court of Appeals,Tenth Circuit.
Argued Jan. 21, 1975.Decided March 21, 1975.Rehearing Denied May 1, 1975.
Richard L. Eason, Simon, Eason, Hoyt & Malone, P. C., Englewood, Colo. (Henry A. Burgess, Sheridan, Wyo., and D. Monte Pascoe, Ireland, Stapleton, Pryor & Holmes, P. C., Denver, Colo. on the brief), for First Nat. Bank of Sheridan.
Donald Etra, Atty., Dept. of Justice (Carla A. Hills, Asst. Atty. Gen., and Leonard Schaitman, Atty., Dept. of Justice, on the brief), for Bd. of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
William P. Johnson, Rothgerber, Appel & Powers, Denver, Colo. (Hanes, Carmichael, Johnson, Gage & Speight, P. C., Cheyenne, Wyo., on the brief), for Wyoming Bancorporation.
Before SETH, BARRETT and DOYLE, Circuit Judges.
WILLIAM E. DOYLE, Circuit Judge.
1
The matter presented is a petition on behalf of Bank of Commerce and First National Bank of Sheridan, Wyoming seeking review of the order of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System granting its approval of the application of Wyoming Bancorporation to acquire 95% of the voting shares of the Bank of Wyoming, Sheridan, Wyoming, a proposed new bank. The Bank of Commerce is a state chartered bank. The Bank of Wyoming would compete with it and with the First National Bank of Sheridan. The facts are uncomplicated:
2
On April 28, 1972 the Bank of Commerce applied for a new state bank in Sheridan, Wyoming. Some months after that, on July 18, 1972, the organizers of the Bank of Wyoming applied to the Comptroller of Currency for a charter. The latter application disclosed that the Bank of Wyoming would be a subsidiary of Wyoming Bancorporation, a holding company, and would be located at 1963 North Main Street in Sheridan, some 20 blocks away from the Bank of Commerce and the First National Bank of Sheridan. The Bank of Commerce and the First National Bank objected to the issuance of the charter and requested a hearing.
3
On September 26, 1972 the hearing was held and subsequently the State of Wyoming held a hearing on the application of the Bank of Commerce for a state charter. On July 5, 1973 the Comptroller gave preliminary approval on the condition that Wyoming Bancorporation hold all of the stock except directors' qualifying shares, and on July 31, 1973, approval was given to the application for the Bank of Commerce state charter.
4
On August 1 Wyoming Bancorporation sought approval from the Federal Reserve Board for its acquisition of the Bank of Wyoming, and on August 13, 1973 Bancorporation sought to stay the order of the state examiner granting the Bank of Commerce a state charter.
5
Inquiries were made on August 31 by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City to Bancorporation asking (1) the definite location of the new bank; (2) whether the new bank would compete with the Ranchester State Bank (which is 15 miles from Sheridan); and (3) information as to the effect, if any, the state application would have on the financial status of the Bank of Wyoming.
6
In response to the inquiry of the Federal Reserve Bank as to definite location, Bancorporation said it intended to transfer its location to downtown Sheridan instead of 1963 North Main. The Federal Reserve Bank then formally accepted the application and a notice of the application was published in the Federal Register on September 28, 1973. It called for comments on or before October 16.
7
The Bank of Commerce was fully aware of the proceedings. For example, it appeared in opposition to the application of the Bank of Wyoming to the Comptroller. The Comptroller gave preliminary approval to the application on July 5, 1973. Following that, an action was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Wyoming to review that approval. The district court dismissed the Bank of Commerce complaint and that matter is now before this court on appeal, Bank of Commerce v. Smith, etc., et al., No. 74-1185.1
8
On February 11, 1974, the Comptroller recommended to the Board that it approve the holding company application. The Board gave its approval to the application on May 3, 1974.
9
The instant review is pursuant to 12 U.S.C. § 1848 which allows any party aggrieved to seek review in the United States Court of Appeals. Petitioners say that they are aggrieved in accordance with 12 U.S.C. § 1850 which gives a party who will become a competitor of the applicant the right to become an adversary before the Board and to appeal an adverse order.
10
The doctrine of Whitney National Bank v. Bank of New Orleans and Trust Co., 379 U.S. 411, 85 S.Ct. 551, 13 L.Ed.2d 386 (1965) requires that an opponent of acquisition of a new bank by a bank holding company must first attack the proposed arrangement before the Federal Reserve Board. In a more recent case, First National Bank of St. Charles v. Board of Governors of the Fed. Res. System, 509 F.2d 1004 (8th Cir. 1975), the petitioners, as in this case, took no action until after Board approval. The appeal was dismissed by the Eighth Circuit because of failure to exhaust administrative remedies. As a result, they were held not to have been aggrieved parties under § 1848.
11
Petitioners here contend that the notice given in the Federal Register was legally inadequate and thus they were not required to participate in the administrative proceeding, and can suffer no legal disability on that account.
12
There were two notices given in the Federal Register, one on September 28, 1973 and one on March 5, 1974. Admittedly, no notice was mailed to or served on the petitioners. On the other hand, petitioners had actual knowledge that an application was to be filed. Whether they had actual notice of the filing is another matter which is not now before us. This could become an issue of fact if the publication in the Federal Register were to be held insufficient. Undoubtedly petitioners are entitled to participate by filing objections and the Board may, in its discretion, grant a hearing. In this instance the action of the Board was taken on the basis of documentary information. Petitioners say that inasmuch as they have a right to participate under the statute, § 1850, it follows that they are entitled to actual notice of the pendency of the proceedings under the due process clause of the Constitution and that notice through the Federal Register violates procedural due process. They rely on Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306, 70 S.Ct. 652, 94 L.Ed. 865 (1950) and the cases which follow it. Mullane holds that due process requires notice which is calculated to apprise interested parties of the pendency of the action and to afford them an opportunity to present their objections. This was publication in a local newspaper of a notice to settle accounts in an estate matter. Other cases are cited by appellants, but none of these are in point either2 since they do not involve publication in the Federal Register and are not concerned with administrative proceedings.3
13
By Act of Congress notice by publication in the Federal Register is declared to be notice to all persons residing within the States of the Union and the District of Columbia except in cases where notice by publication is insufficient in law. 44 U.S.C. § 1508. In our case neither the statute nor any regulation compels the Board to furnish individual notice.4
14
An important difference to be noted between the case at bar and the cases relied on by appellants is that the cases cited have to do with direct deprivations of property. Ours does not.
15
We also note and consider the fact that there is no assurance that petitioners would have been entitled to a hearing even if specific notice had been given. The Board had the authority to grant one in its discretion.
16
One final consideration is that the petitioners were not parties directly involved in the proceedings before the Board. Because of this the Board was not obligated to summon them to appear, and they had some duty to ascertain the state of the proceedings, particularly since they knew that Bancorporation was compelled to obtain approval from the Federal Reserve Board and that the Federal Register was the medium for giving notice. Furthermore, they were represented by competent, knowledgeable lawyers who were also aware of the general conditions. Also, these proceedings were pending either before the Reserve Bank or the Federal Reserve Board from August 1, 1973 until May 3, 1974.
17
Finally, we regard as significant the fact that the petitioners do not claim lack of actual notice. The principle they strive for is that due process requires notice by mail, at least. But they advance it on an abstract basis.
18
There is little law dealing with the adequacy of notice in the Federal Register in administrative law cases and we have found no direct authority. The two administrative law proceedings cases which we have found both hold notice in the Federal Register to be sufficient. See North American Pharmacal, Inc. v. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, 491 F.2d 546 (8th Cir. 1973), and see Buckner Trucking, Inc. v. United States, 354 F.Supp. 1210 (S.D.Tex.1973).
19
We do not say that notice by publication in the Federal Register would be sufficient in all cases. We do hold that it is sufficient here.
20
We have examined the substantive contentions offered by petitioners and find them to be wholly lacking in merit.
21
Accordingly, we affirm the Federal Reserve Board's determination approving the issuance of authority to the respondents.
1
In one of its findings the district court stated that a condition of the final approval of the granting of the charter was that the approval of the Federal Reserve Board had to be obtained and that notice of the application would be published in the Federal Register
2
Robinson v. Hanrahan, 409 U.S. 38, 93 S.Ct. 30, 34 L.Ed.2d 47 (1972) (state forfeiture proceedings invalid where notice was sent to appellant's home though state knew appellant was in jail); Schroeder v. City of New York, 371 U.S. 208, 83 S.Ct. 279, 9 L.Ed.2d 255 (1962) (notice by publication insufficient for land condemnation where property owner's address easily ascertainable); Walker v. City of Hutchison, 352 U.S. 112, 77 S.Ct. 200, l L.Ed.2d 178 (1956) (property condemnation, notice by publication); City of New York v. New York, N. H. & H. R. Co., 344 U.S. 293, 73 S.Ct. 299, 97 L.Ed. 333 (1953) (city's liens on railroad property not barred by reorganization in bankruptcy where only notice was by newspaper publication); Greenfield v. Villager Industries, Inc., 483 F.2d 824 (3d Cir. 1973) (notice by publication insufficient to inform class members of need to file claim in order to participate in settlement fund); Menkarell v. Bureau of Narcotics, 463 F.2d 88 (2d Cir. 1972) (forfeiture of car invalid where only notice was by publication and agency practice seemed designed to conceal rather than disclose); Graff v. Nicholl, 370 F.Supp. 974 (N.D.Ill.1974) (seizure of abandoned cars); Miles v. District of Columbia, 354 F.Supp. 577 (D.D.C.1973) (condemnation of building)
3
The notice problem is somewhat different in an administrative proceeding like the one at bar in which the person objecting is not before the Board and need not be summoned
4
The statute is silent on the question of notice to competitors. The Board's regulations, which were followed here, require publication in the Federal Register. 12 C.F.R. § 262.3(g)
| 2023-12-25T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/8929 |
Kids shirts, much like their grown-up counterparts, portray their sense of personality in a fabric format. You’re only a kid once, so make their clothes fun, fashionable or formal, depending on the situation and you and your child’s tastes. Kids t-shirts are great, inexpensive ways for your child to happily display their favorite animal, superhero or Disney character. Dinosaurs, princesses, rocket ships, Hello Kitty—you name it and we probably carry a graphic tee that your boy or girl will love. What if it gets ripped or stained on the playground or the kickball field? You won’t lose any sleep knowing you got it at a great price. When it comes time to dress up, we offer a huge selection of woven tops and blouses for girls, in addition to button-up shirts and polos for boys. So—who does your child want to be? Let them say it proudly with a little help from JCPenney. | 2024-05-19T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3239 |
Pakistan’s military, which helped Khan win the election, could one day pose the most serious threat to his premiership.
Two weeks after claiming victory in Pakistan’s July 25 election, Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf party (PTI) on Monday announced that it secured the necessary majority in parliament to form a coalition government. However, the controversy surrounding the election has not yet subsided, and the legitimacy of any future PTI-led coalition government is still questionable.
Before the election, Pakistan’s powerful security establishment was accused of meddling in politics to pave the way for its favourite candidate, Imran Khan, to win. And events before the poll – arrests of several prominent members of the PML-N on corruption charges; the sentencing of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to prison less than three weeks before the poll and the sentencing of another top PML-N leader, Hanif Abbasi, to life in prison on drug smuggling charges just four days before the election – were seen by many as definitive proof that the establishment was targeting Khan’s opponents.
{articleGUID}
On Election Day, these accusations escalated from “possible attempts to influence the electoral process” to straightforward allegations of rigging, with at least six political parties alleging their representatives were not allowed to witness the counting process led by military personnel and other election officials, as mandated by law, and that the final counts were not properly documented. Also, there were questions surrounding the Results Transfer System (RTS), which had allegedly collapsed on election night, delaying the announcement of official results. Later, it has been revealed that the system had never collapsed, but the Election Commission simply – and suspiciously – ordered its employees to stop using the system.
Recount battles are still ongoing in several constituencies across Pakistan. The PML-N and other opposition parties already regained several seats as result of these efforts, and they vow to continue fighting until they reclaim all the votes they believe were stolen from them.
An opposition alliance
Moreover, on August 2, prominent opposition parties in Pakistan announced their decision to form a “Grand Alliance” and to protest inside and outside the parliament against the “rigged and manipulated” elections.
The alliance includes Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’s PPP, jailed former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif’s PML-N, the alliance of religious parties known as the MMA, Awami National Party, Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party, National Party Balochistan and Qaumi Watan Party. The alliance also announced that it will attempt to form its own coalition.
But despite the opposition’s efforts, Khan’s PTI was first to reach the finish line. It announced that it secured a majority in the parliament and is expected to form a coalition in the coming days. The way it secured a parliamentary majority, however, is also being questioned by many. It has been claimed that members of the security establishment pressured and/or offered serious money to some independent candidates to support the PTI.
Despite serious questions surrounding his electoral victory, it appears Khan is now fully ready to take the wheel of his country. The road ahead, however, remains bumpy and uncertain.
A fragile coalition
First of all Khan’s PTI will rely on the support of several former foes to form a coalition.
The Karachi based MQM, for example, will be in the ruling coalition, but cracks already started to appear between the two parties.
PTI Karachi head Firdous Shamim Naqvi said: “The alliance with MQM is not our choice, but we have made the alliance because of the compulsion to acquire simple majority in National Assembly to form the government.”
“We have not backtracked from our earlier position,” he added. “MQM has ruined Karachi and it has faced defeat in the general elections because of the poor performance of its mayor in Karachi.”
Khan tried to save the situation by condemning Naqvi’s statement, yet he failed to convince many as he had personally accused MQM leaders of threatening PTI workers and even killing activists only five short years ago.
The PML-Q, another group Khan and his party have a problematic history with, will also be part of the PTI-led coalition. Khan previously called the PML-Q members “murderers” and “the biggest dacoits in Punjab”.
Khan built a political career on viciously attacking his political rivals. Moreover, he has been encouraging his followers to pile vile abuse on anyone who criticized his politics for the last five years. Now he found himself in a grave situation where he needs the support of those he had abused and insulted in the past to rule Pakistan. With a powerful and seasoned coalition on opposition benches, it remains to be seen how long Khan’s unlikely coalition will stand before deep-rooted disagreements between its members start to resurface.
What next for Khan and the military?
The military, which is widely seen as having helped him win the election, will likely pose the biggest threat to Khan’s premiership.
Many expect Khan to assert his authority and start acting independently from the military after officially becoming Pakistan’s prime minister. Of course, such an attempt will land him in trouble with the security establishment, and most certainly bring an early end to his stint as Pakistan’s prime minister. If Khan refuses to toe the line, removing him from office will be no trouble for the military. With a simple nod to the MQM or the PMLQ, the military can easily instigate the collapse of his coalition government. Or he could be disqualified from office on the grounds of dishonesty, corruption or some other real or made up accusation.
Khan may not even need to take a major stand against military strongmen to upset them. The military can decide to topple his government at any minute, even if he follows their instructions to the letter. None of the 17 prime ministers of Pakistan managed to serve a full term – the security establishment found a reason to overthrow even the most pliant, docile prime ministers such as Zafarullah Khan Jamali and Muhammad Khan Junejo in the past. So it is unlikely that Khan’s honeymoon period with the military will last long.
Continuation of pro-military, isolationist stances
In the last five years, Khan ran a divisive and aggressive campaign, adopting pro-military and isolationist stances and pandering to the religious far-right.
He attacked former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif for attempting to improve Pakistan’s relations with India, and countered his efforts to reign in on Hafiz Saeed, the alleged mastermind of 2008 Mumbai attacks. He also supported the military throughout the Dawn Leaks scandal, which disclosed that the former PM Sharif had ordered the military to cease its support for hardline groups.
Khan also appears to support the Afghan Taliban. His provincial government, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, granted $300,000 to the madrassa (Islamic religious school) of Sami-ul Haq, who is widely known as “the father of the Taliban” (in return Haq has formed an alliance with the PTI).
Only time will tell whether Khan will abandon these dangerous, isolationist and pro-military stances – as he indicated in his victory speech – and dare take constructive action to help elevate Pakistan’s international standing, improve its relations with its neighbours and save it from financial ruin. Unfortunately what is fairly certain is that if he does, his fate will be the same as all the other prime ministers of Pakistan. And after making bitter enemies of almost all prominent political forces in the parliament, there is scant hope that anyone will come to his help if and when he finds himself in trouble.
The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera’s editorial stance. | 2024-05-11T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1526 |
[The challenges of HIV-HCV co-infection].
HIV and HCV share transmission routes and, for this reason, 25% of HIV patients are also infected by HCV, and up to 80% of HIV-positive iv drug users. AIDS incidence and mortality are not higher in HCV positive patients, but liver morbidity and mortality are increased. Spontaneous clearance of HCV after infection is less frequent among HIV positive patients. Liver fibrosis progresses faster in HIV-HCV co-infected patients compared to HCV mono-infected, but this can be partially slowed down with effective antiretroviral therapy and immune restoration. Response to HCV treatment is also weaker among co-infected patients. Pharmacological interactions and increased toxicity of antiretroviral drugs and anti-HCV drugs are challenging for clinicians, especially if the recently approved anti-HCV proteases are used. | 2023-08-29T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9278 |
Background
==========
The clinical course of diabetes, especially glycemic control, is largely influenced by patient self-management. The success of self-management is rather dependant on psychosocial aspects at the individual, interpersonal, social, and community levels. Fewer studies of the relationship between glycemic control and psychosocial factors have been conducted for type 2 diabetes than for type 1 diabetes. In cross-sectional research on type 2 diabetes, self-efficacy \[[@B1]-[@B3]\] and diabetes coping \[[@B4]\] were associated with good treatment adherence and good glycemic control, whereas stressful life events \[[@B5]\] and daily environmental stress factors \[[@B6]\] have been shown to be associated with poor metabolic control. Depression has been shown to have a significant association with increased HbA~1c~\[[@B7],[@B8]\]. In other reports, anxiety was associated with hyperglycemia \[[@B9]\], diabetes-specific distress influenced poor adherence and poor glycemic control \[[@B10],[@B11]\], and high self-esteem \[[@B12]\] and social support \[[@B13]\] were found to relate to good adherence. Moreover, the patient-physician interpersonal relationship was reported to be a contributor to better diabetes outcomes \[[@B14]\]. However, only a few longitudinal \[[@B1],[@B15]\]studies have examined the relationship between psychosocial factors and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
The aim of the present study was to do a prospective and cross-sectional investigation to clarify the relationship between various psychosocial variables and glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes to determine the psychosocial variables most predictive of glycemic control.
Methods
=======
Participants
------------
Participants were 304 Japanese type 2 diabetes patients who were treated in outpatient diabetes clinics. Well-trained specialists in diabetes diagnosed patients according to the latest criteria of the Japan Diabetes Society: A fasting plasma glucose level of ≥ 126 mg/dl or an oral glucose-tolerance test with a 2-hour post-load plasma glucose level of ≥ 200 mg/dl. Causal plasma glucose \> 200 mg/dl was also regarded as diabetes. The study was approved by the ethics committees of Kitakyushu City Hospital, Tokushukai Hospital, and Iki Municipal Hospital, all of which are central hospitals in the region. The aim of the present study, as described in the background section, was explained to the patients orally and in writing by their physicians, who also distributed and collected the questionnaire booklets and obtained written informed consent.
Psychological measures
----------------------
The questionnaire consisted of six psychosocial inventories.
1\) The Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) consists of eight items, each with seven possible answers. Six of the eight items are designed specially to measure a person\'s satisfaction with their diabetes treatment regimen \[[@B16]\]. Two additional items are concerned with the perceived frequency of hypo- and hyper-glycemia, which are scored separately as single items. In the present study, the total score of the six items was used as the treatment satisfaction scale. The range of total scores obtained by summing these six items from the DTSQ is from 0 to 36. We used the Japanese version of the DTSQ, which was linguistically and psychometrically evaluated by Ishii et al \[[@B17]\]. Cronbach\'s alpha for the total scores of the six items was 0.857 in the present study.
2\) The Well-being Questionnaire 12 (W-BQ12) consists of 12 items and is a shortened version of the 22 item W-BQ that was designed to measure the psychological well-being of people with diabetes \[[@B18]\]. Items concerning somatic symptoms were avoided as they may lead to criterion contamination in populations with diabetes, where somatic symptoms such as fatigue or loss of appetite may be due to the physical condition of diabetes rather than to depression. We used the Japanese version of the W-BQ 12 that was linguistically and psychometrically evaluated by Riazi et al. \[[@B19]\]. Cronbach\'s alpha for the overall scale score in the present study was 0.928.
3\) The Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID) is a measure of diabetes-specific emotional distress that was developed by Polonsky et al. \[[@B10]\] and translated into Japanese by Ishii et al. \[[@B20]\]. The scale consists of 20 items. There are five response options available for each PAID question: These responses are given a value from 0 (not a problem) to 4 (serious problem). According to the recommendation of the measure\'s authors, a total score was computed by summing the total item responses and multiplying this total by 1.25 to produce a total score that ranges from 0--100. Cronbach\'s alpha was 0.950 in the present study. 4) Self esteem was measured by use of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) \[[@B21]\]. The SES is a self-report questionnaire and consists of 10 items. Five of the items are phrased as positive and five as negative statements. Each item is answered according to a five-point scale, where a higher total score represents higher self-esteem. We used the Japanese version of the SES for which high internal consistency and construct validity have been confirmed \[[@B22]\]. Cronbach\'s alpha was 0.736 in the present study.
5\) The Social Support Scale for patients with chronic disease (heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc.) was developed in Japan by Kim et al. \[[@B23]\]. The scale consists of 20 items related to social support in daily life for chronic disease and is divided into two subscales: emotional support in daily life and behavioral support for disease. Each item is scored on a Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very applicable). The total score range extends from 4 to 80. A higher score represents higher social support in daily life. This test has high reliability and validity for each scale. Cronbach\'s alpha for the total score was 0.954 in the present study.
6\) The Self-Efficacy Scale for health behaviors that influence health promotion in chronic disease patients was developed in Japan by Kim et al. \[[@B24]\]. The scale consists of 20 items and two subscales: active coping behavior with disease and controllability for health. Each item is scored on a Likert scale from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very applicable). The score range extends from 4 to 80. A higher score represents higher self-efficacy in dealing with health behavior. This test has high reliability and validity for each scale. Cronbach\'s alpha for the total score was 0.928 in the present study.
Clinical variables
------------------
Demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records on the date closest to the start of the study. The HbA~1c~level was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, with a normal reference range of 4.3%--5.8%. The diabetes treatment regimen consisted of either diet only or medication, which included oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) or insulin or insulin plus OHA. The presence of microvascular complications of diabetes was determined as follows: 1) diabetic neuropathy was defined by clinical symptoms or by neurological examination; 2) diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed and assessed by an ophthalmologist; 3) diabetic nephropathy was diagnosed as the presence of prolonged microalbuminuria defined according to the consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association \[[@B25]\].
One-year follow-up data collection
----------------------------------
Of the 304 patients who completed the questionnaire at baseline, 32 were referred to local clinics near their residence because they had relatively good glycemic control (mean HbA~1c~= 6.8%). Six of these 32 patients dropped out of treatment at the referred clinic. Four patients in our central hospitals also dropped out of treatment and four patients died within one year. Thus, 290 patients followed for one year had complete data available for analysis (follow-up rate 96.5%). The demographic, clinical and psychosocial data at baseline were not significantly differentbetween the 290 patients who were followed for the whole year and the 14 patients who dropped out, whether calculated by the total of 14 or divided as 10 continuing patients and four deceased patients.
Statistical analysis
--------------------
Pearson\'s simple correlation test was done to search for associations between HbA~1c~and demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables and for the correlation of each psychosocial variable. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was done as a model for predicting current (baseline) and future (one-year follow-up) HbA~1c~. The following sequence was followed: first, demographic and clinical variables were entered as model 1; second, all psychosocial variables other than DTSQ or PAID score were added to model 1 as model 2 or model 3. Because DTSQ and PAID scores had a relatively high correlation, they were entered separately in the model to avoid multicollinearity; third, baseline HbA~1c~was added to models 2 and 3 as models 4 and 5 for predicting one-year follow-up HbA~1c~. Dummy codes were applied to sex, male = 1 and female = 0, and to treatment regimen, diet only = 1 and medication = 0, in Pearson\'s correlation test and multiple regression analysis. Comparison of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables between patients followed or not followed for one year was done by Student\'s t-test or χ^2^test. Comparison between baseline and follow-up HbA~1c~was done by Student\'s paired t-test. Cronbach\'s alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the total score of each psychological test. All statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS software package (version 12.0J for Windows). Statistical significance was set at 0.05.
Results
=======
Table [1](#T1){ref-type="table"} shows the baseline demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics of our patients with type 2 diabetes. There were no significant differences in any demographic, clinical, or psychosocial factors between patients followed for one year (n = 290) and those who could not be followed (n = 14). Also, even after eliminating the four deceased patients, there were no significant differences in any of the demographic, clinical, or psychosocial variables between the remaining 10 patients who were not followed for the full year and the 290 patients who were. Moreover, although six of 10 patients who dropped out were referred to local clinics because of good glycemic control, there were no significant differences in any variables between the 290 patients completing follow-up and the six referred patients. In addition, of the 32 patients who were referred to local clinics, the 6 dropouts and 26 patients who did not drop out had no significant differences in any of the variables (data not shown).
######
Baseline demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes
Total followed for one year (a) not followed (n = 14)
----------------------------------------------------------- -------------- --------------------------- ----------------------- ------------
Demographic variables
Sex(M/F) 170/134 161/129 6/4 3/1
Age (y) 61.9 ± 11 61.1 ± 11 57.4 ± 12 70.5 ± 8.2
Duration of illness (y) 11.6 ± 8.1 11.6 ± 10 8.8 ± 7.2 14.0 ± 3.6
Clinical variables
HbA~1c~(%) 7.30 ± 1.2 7.32 ± 1.2 6.72 ± 0.88 7.83 ± 1.3
Treatment regimen (diet only/medication) 63/241 59/231 4/6 0/4
No. of microvascular complications of diabetes (0/1/2/3) 116/79/60/49 107/77/60/46 9/0/0/1 0/2/0/2
Psychosocial variables (score)
DTSQ 25.3 ± 6.4 25.2 ± 6.4 28.0 ± 5.5 26.3 ± 7.4
W-BQ12 23.8 ± 6.7 23.8 ± 6.6 25.5 ± 8.1 20.0 ± 9.1
PAID 33.0 ± 21 33.4 ± 21 21.5 ± 23 37.2 ± 25
SES 35.2 ± 6.2 35.3 ± 6.2 32.6 ± 6.9 38.3 ± 5.4
Social Support Scale 56.2 ± 17 56.4 ± 16 48.1 ± 18 61.3 ± 22
Self-Efficacy Scale 74.0 ± 12 73.9 ± 12 75.9 ± 13 76.0 ± 8.8
Values are mean ± SD or n. Medication, oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin, or insulin plus oral hypoglycemic agents. DTSQ, Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire measures satisfaction with the current therapy for diabetes; W-BQ12, Well-being Questionnaire12 measures the psychological well-being of patients with diabetes; PAID, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale measures diabetes-specific emotional distress; SES, Self-Esteem Scale measures global self-esteem; Social Support Scale measures the degree of social support in daily life for chronic disease; Self-Efficacy Scale measures self-efficacy in dealing with health behavior in chronic disease.
Table [2](#T2){ref-type="table"} shows a correlation matrix of the total scores of the psychosocial inventories of the 304 patients at baseline. The DTSQ had significant, positive correlations with the W-BQ12 (correlation coefficient (r) = 0.254), SES (r = 0.128), Social Support Scale (r = 0.176), and Self-Efficacy Scale (r = 0.448) and a negative correlation with the PAID (r = -0.489). The W-BQ12 had significant positive correlations with the SES (r = 0.479), Social Support Scale (r = 0.314), and Self-Efficacy Scale (r = 0.525) and a significant negative correlation with PIAD (r = -0.555). The PAID score revealed significant negative correlations with all the other psychosocial variables, including the SES (r = -0.322), Social Support Scale (r = -0.169) and the Self-Efficacy Scale (r = -0.437). The SES showed a significant positive correlation with the Social Support Scale (r = 0.273) and the Self-Efficacy Scale (r = 0.401). A positive, significant correlation was found between the Social Support Scale and the Self-Efficacy Scale (r = 0.404).
######
Correlation matrix of psychosocial variables at baseline (n = 304)
Psychosocial variable
------------------------ ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- ----
1 DTSQ \-
2 W-BQ12 0.254\*\* \-
3 PAID -0.489\*\* -0.555\*\* \-
4 SES 0.128\*\* 0.479\*\* -0.322\*\* \-
5 Social Support Scale 0.176\*\* 0.314\*\* -0.169\*\* 0.273\*\* \-
6 Self-Efficacy Scale 0.448\*\* 0.525\*\* -0.437\*\* 0.401\*\* 0.404\*\* \-
Value is correlation coefficient (r). \*\*P \< 0.01.
DTSQ, Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire; W-BQ12, Well-being Questionnaire12;
PAID, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale; SES, Self-Esteem Scale. Each measure is detailed in the footnotes of Table 1.
Table [3](#T3){ref-type="table"} displays the results of correlation coefficients by Pearson\'s simple correlation test and standard regression coefficients (β) by hierarchical stepwise multiple regression for the demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables and HbA~1c~at baseline. Baseline HbA~1c~was found to have significant positive correlations with, the number of diabetic complications (r = 0.168) and the baseline PAID score (r = 0.220), meaning that greater distress on diabetes was associated with a worse HbA~1c~value. In contrast, baseline HbA~1c~was found to have significant negative correlations with age (r = -0.311), diet treatment regimen (r = -0.249), and the baseline scores of the DTSQ (r = -0.219), W-BQ12 (r = -0.125), and Self-Efficacy Scales (r = -0.187), meaning that greater satisfaction, well-being and self-efficacy on diabetes were associated with a better HbA~1c~value. The hierarchical stepwise multiple regression model revealed that age, diet treatment regimen, and number of diabetes complications were significantly and independently associated with baseline HbA~1c~(Table [3](#T3){ref-type="table"}, model 1, R^2^= 0.164). In model 2 (R^2^= 0.178), the DTSQ score was significantly associated with baseline HbA~1c~(β = -0.120, P = 0.03) after controlling for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, except for PAID score. In model 3 (R^2^= 0.178), the PAID score was significantly related to baseline HbA~1c~(β = 0.131, P = 0.017) after controlling for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, except for the DTSQ score. However, no more than 17.8% of the variance in current glycemic control was accounted for by age, diet treatment regimen, number of diabetes complications, and DTSQ or PAID score.
######
Simple correlation coefficients (r) and standard regression coefficients by hierarchical stepwise multiple regression (β) between baseline variables and HbA~1c~at baseline of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 304).
--------------------------------------------------- -------------------- --------- ------------------------------------------- --------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Hierarchical stepwise regression analysis
Simple correlation Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Baseline variables r P β P β P β P
Sex (male = 1, female = 0) -0.047 0.148 \- \- \- \- \- \-
Age -0.311 \<0.001 -0.316 \<0.001 -0.296 \<0.001 -0.295 \<0.001
Duration of illness 0.051 0.376 \- \- \- \- \-
Treatment regimen (diet only = 1, medication = 0) -0.249 \<0.001 -0.177 0.001 -0.155 0.005 -0.157 0.005
No. of microvascular complications of diabetes 0.168 \<0.001 0.177 0.001 0.170 0.003 0.163 0.003
DTSQ -0.219 \<0.001 NI NI -0.120 0.030 NI NI
W-BQ12 -0.125 0.030 NI NI \- \- \- \-
PAID 0.220 \<0.001 NI NI NI NI 0.131 0.017
SES -0.030 0.607 NI NI \- \- \- \-
Social Support Scale -0.052 0.367 NI NI \- \- \- \-
Self-Efficacy Scale -0.187 \<0.001 NI NI \- \- \- \-
Adjusted R^2^ 0.164 0.178 0.178
F 20.8 \<0.001 17.2 \<0.001 17.2 \<0.001
--------------------------------------------------- -------------------- --------- ------------------------------------------- --------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Medication, oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin, or insulin plus oral hypoglycemic agents. DTSQ, Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire; W-BQ12, Well-being Questionnaire12; PAID, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale; SES, Self-Esteem Scale. Each measure is detailed in the footnotes of Table 1. R^2^, multiple coefficient of determination. NI, not included. Model 1, adjusted for sex, age, duration of illness, treatment regimen, number of microvascular complications of diabetes; Model 2, adjusted for Model 1 and DTSQ, W-BQ12, SES, Social Support Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale; Model 3, adjusted for Model 1 and W-BQ12, PAID, SES, Social Support Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale.
Table [4](#T4){ref-type="table"} displays the results by Pearson\'s simple correlation test and hierarchical stepwise multiple regression for baseline demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables and one-year follow-up HbA~1c~. HbA~1c~at the one-year follow-up was found to have significant positive correlations with the baseline PAID score and to have a significant negative correlation with age, diet regimen, and the baseline scores of the DTSQ, W-BQ12, SES and Self-Efficacy Scale. A highly significant positive correlation was found between baseline HbA~1c~and one-year follow-up HbA~1c~(r = 0.675, P \< 0.01). In addition, HbA~1c~at the one-year follow-up (7.15 ± 1.2%) had significantly better values than the baseline HbA~1c~(7.32 ± 1.2%) of the 290 patients (P = 0.02 by paired t-test). The hierarchical stepwise multiple regression for one-year follow-up HbA~1c~as a dependent variable revealed that age and diet treatment regimen were significantly and independently associated with follow-up HbA~1c~(Table [4](#T4){ref-type="table"}, model 1, R^2^= 0.127). In model 2 (R^2^= 0.138), DTSQ score was significantly associated with follow-up HbA~1c~(β = -0.115, P = 0.03) after controlling for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, except for PAID score. In model 3 (R^2^= 0.144), PAID score was significantly related to follow-up HbA~1c~(β = 0.140, P = 0.014) after controlling for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables, except for DTSQ score. By adding baseline HbA~1c~to model 2, 47.9% of the variance in future glycemic control was accounted for by treatment regimen (β = -0.155, P = 0.001) and baseline HbA~1c~(β = 0.638, P \< 0.001) in model 4. Also, by adding baseline HbA~1c~to model 3, 47.4% of the variance in future glycemic control was accounted for by treatment regimen (β = -0.155, P = 0.001) and baseline HbA~1c~(β = 0.634, P \< 0.001) in model 5. The results of models 4 and 5 indicate that better current HbA~1c~and diet treatment are significant predictors of better future HbA~1c~. The statistically significant contribution of the DTSQ and the PAID to future HbA~1c~disappeared after adjustment for baseline HbA~1c~.
######
Simple correlation coefficients (r) and standard regression coefficients by hierarchical stepwise multiple regression (β) between baseline variables and HbA~1c~at 1 year follow-up of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 290).
--------------------------------- -------------------- --------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -------- --------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Hierarchical stepwise regression analysis
Simple correlation Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5
Baseline variables r P β P β P β P β P β P
Sex (male = 1, female = 0) -0.106 0.071 \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
Age -0.219 \<0.001 -0.180 0.001 -0.153 \<0.001 -0.154 0.001 \- \- \- \-
Duration of illness 0.016 0.788 \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
Treatment regimen\ -0.318 \<0.001 -0.294 \<0.001 -0.278 0.001 -0.274 \<0.001 -0.155 0.001 -0.155 0.001
(diet only = 1, medication = 0)
No. of microvascular\ 0.102 0.082 \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
complications of diabetes
DTSQ -0.202 0.001 NI NI -0.115 0.030 NI NI \- \- NI NI
W-BQ12 -0.137 0.020 NI NI \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
PAID 0.220 \<0.001 NI NI NI NI 0.140 0.014 NI NI \- \-
SES -0.095 0.108 NI NI \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
Social Support Scale -0.054 0.358 NI NI \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
Self-Efficacy Scale -0.166 0.001 NI NI \- \- \- \- \- \- \- \-
HbA~1c~ 0.675 \<0.001 NI NI NI NI NI NI 0.638 \<0.001 0.634 \<0.001
Adjusted R^2^ 0.127 0.138 0.144 0.479 0.474
F 22 \<0.001 16.2 \<0.001 17.0 \<0.001 132 \<0.001 130 \<0.001
--------------------------------- -------------------- --------- ------------------------------------------- --------- --------- --------- -------- --------- -------- --------- -------- ---------
Medication: oral hypoglycemic agents, or insulin, or insulin plus oral hypoglycemic agents. DTSQ, Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire; W-BQ12, Well-being Questionnaire12; PAID, Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale; SES, Self-Esteem Scale. Each measure is detailed in the footnotes of Table 1. R^2^, multiple coefficient of determination. NI, not included. Model 1, adjusted for sex, age, duration of illness, treatment regimen, number of microvascular complications of diabetes; Model 2, adjusted for Model 1 and DTSQ, W-BQ12, SES, Social Support Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale; Model 3, adjusted for Model 1 and W-BQ12, PAID, SES, Social Support Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale; Model 4, adjusted for Model 2 and HbA~1c~at baseline; Model 5, adjusted for Model 3 and HbA1c at baseline.
Concerning treatment regimen, medication details (n = 231) are as follows: 74% of the patients on medication were treated with OHA (n = 171) and 26% were treated with insulin alone or insulin plus OHA (n = 60). After the one-year follow-up, the change of HbA~1c~in patients who were treated with diet only was from 6.71 ± 1.1% to 6.42 ± 0.82% (P = 0.022), the change in patients who were treated with OHA was from 7.32 ± 1.0% to 7.23 ± 1.1% (P = 0.265), and the change in patients who were treated with insulin or insulin plus OHA was from 7.93 ± 1.4% to 7.60 ± 1.4% (P = 0.012).
Discussion
==========
In the present study, the relation between psychosocial variables and glycemic control was investigated cross-sectionally and prospectively. The DTSQ and the PAID predicted both current and future HbA~1c~to a similar and significant degree in patients with type 2 diabetes.,, It has been reported that the PAID score of female patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who inject insulin is significantly related to HbA~1c~at one-year follow-up, even after adjustment for baseline HbA~1c~\[[@B11]\]. However, the amount of variance accounted for by the PAID in predicting one-year follow-up HbA~1c~was very small, whereas baseline HbA~1c~accounted for the majority of variance for follow-up HbA~1c~in the study. Therefore, the contribution of the PAID as predictor of future glycemic control does not seem so important. In the same way, the higher DTSQ score of the tablet-treated patients was significantly associated with current lower HbA~1c~\[[@B26]\]. No previous study has investigated whether or not the DTSQ is predictive of future glycemic control.
Both the DTSQ and the PAID, however, predicted future glycemic control in the present study when baseline HbA~1c~was not included in the regression of follow-up HbA~1c~. Baseline glycemic control was fair and the glycemic control was improved significantly after one year, but the degree of glycemic improvement was 0.17% of HbA~1c~, which was not so large. Under the usual treatment, the effect of psychosocial variables on future glycemic control could not help but being small because the correlation between current and future HbA~1c~is so high. Thus, in some situations where glycemic control is expected to improve much through behavioral or psychological therapeutic intervention or education programs, or alteration of treatment regimen \[[@B11],[@B26],[@B27]\], both DTSQ and PAID scales would predict the future glycemic condition regardless of current metabolic variables.
The only variable to retain significance in the regression of the follow-up HbA~1c~model was treatment regimen, even after adjustment for baseline HbA~1c~. This suggests that the patients with diet alone were appropriately treated, whereas the medication, including OHA, was not sufficient. In fact, patients who were treated with OHA did not improve over the year of the study, indicating that treatment of patients with OHA was insufficient.
It should be noted that the psychosocial variables dealt with in this study correlated significantly with each other. Especially, both the DTSQ and PAID found a relatively high inverse correlation. The focus of the PAID is on the extent to which people have negative experiences with no attention given to positive experiences, while the DTSQ deals with the full range of experiences of treatment, from very satisfied to very dissatisfied. We are better able to understand the psychology of patients with diabetes by measuring both positive and negative psychosocial aspects. Furthermore, because the DTSQ and PAID are associated with current and future HbA~1c~at almost the same level, both tests are very useful when we want to know the contribution of psychosocial factors to current and future glycemic control.
Nakahara et al. \[[@B15]\] recently reported a longitudinal assessment of the causal relationship between psychosocial variables and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes using a structural-equation model. They found that self-efficacy directly reinforced adherence and that adherence had a direct positive relation to good future glycemic control. Diabetes-specific distress affected glycemic control indirectly through self-efficacy. This is reasonable because we would expect that those people who felt able to manage their diabetes well would be more likely to do so than people who felt they were not able to do so. In our study, therefore, the outcome that more emotional variables, such as satisfaction for diabetes treatment and diabetes-specific distress, are related to future glycemic control is meaningful.
The present study has several limitations. First, it is unclear concerning causal relationships among the psychosocial variables tested and glycemic control because a causal model was not applied. Second, we did not examine self-care or adherence, which is thought to influence glycemic control directly. Therefore, the detailed mechanisms of the psychosocial variables tested on glycemic control remain unknown. Third, we could not follow 14 patients for the full year, including four patients who died. It was thought likely that these patients were more dissatisfied with their treatment or were more distressed about their diabetes than the patients who completed the follow-up. However, there were no significant differences in any of the demographic, clinical, or psychosocial variables at baseline between patients followed for one year (n = 290) and those who could not be followed (n = 14) or even when eliminating the four deceased patients. Therefore, negligible bias was noted when the analysis was done with either 14 or 10 patients as dropouts.
Conclusion
==========
The DTSQ and the PAID predicted both current and future HbA~1c~to a similar and significant degree in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the correlation between current and future HbA~1c~was so high that the only other variable to retain significance was treatment regimen when baseline HbA~1c~was included in the regression of future HbA~1c~.
Competing interests
===================
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors\' contributions
=======================
TN conceptualized and designed the study, collected and analyzed the data, interpreted the results, and drafted the manuscript. CM, SM and KI collected the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements
================
This study was supported by a Research Grant (17A-3) for Nervous and Mental Disorders from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15590600) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.
| 2024-05-23T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/7002 |
package binlogctl
import (
"github.com/pingcap/log"
"github.com/pingcap/tidb-binlog/pkg/encrypt"
"go.uber.org/zap"
)
// EncryptHandler log the encrypted text if success or return error.
func EncryptHandler(text string) error {
enc, err := encrypt.Encrypt(text)
if err != nil {
return err
}
log.Info("encrypt text", zap.String("encrypted", string(enc)))
return nil
}
| 2024-01-28T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9989 |
Q:
Cassandra get incremented value
I am counting posts and many other things on my website with counter column, I have a lot of traffic for example 10k+ comments per hour.
So what i want to achieve is once post is made and counter has been increased I would like to retrieve the exact value, but since there is high probability that two users going to requests that value at the same time i will get duplicates and that's bad.
Is there any way to retrieve exact value after increasing counter?
A:
Cassandra's counters don't support the 'increment and get' semantics of general atomic counter implementations. So what you are asking is impossible with Cassandra's counters. The reason is that it would not be possible without coordination between the replicas to ensure values returned are always the latest.
To do this, you will need a distributed system with atomic semantics such as ZooKeeper. A thread that will solve your problem on ZooKeeper is here: http://www.mail-archive.com/zookeeper-user@hadoop.apache.org/msg01967.html.
| 2023-11-06T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9227 |
Let c = 5.95 + 0.05. Let p = c - 6.3. Let r = 0 + -1. What is the second smallest value in r, 2, p?
p
Let t = 3.9 + -1.9. Let q = t - 8. Which is the second biggest value? (a) q (b) 0.2 (c) -0.4
c
Let m = -1759/11 + 160. Let u(r) = -2*r - 7. Let v be u(-10). Let s be (-3)/33*v + 1. Which is the second biggest value? (a) s (b) m (c) -1/5
a
Let o = 1 - 0. Let r = 8 - 7. Let n = 0.5 - r. What is the third biggest value in o, 4, n?
n
Let g = -24.96 - -25. What is the second smallest value in -5, -0.4, g?
-0.4
Let d(l) = 2*l + 2. Let q be d(-6). Let v = q + 7. Let s be (1 - -1)/(-1 + -4). Which is the smallest value? (a) s (b) v (c) -0.2
b
Let i = 169/4 - 42. Let f = -2 + 3. Which is the third biggest value? (a) -3 (b) i (c) f
a
Let v = -3 + 20. Let j be (-4)/10 + v/5. Let w = 136 - 135.6. Which is the second smallest value? (a) -2 (b) w (c) j
b
Let q = 94944/5 - 17978. Let p = q + -19341/20. Let s = p + -44. What is the third smallest value in s, -4, 1?
1
Let y = 279.5 - 280. Let r = 0.06 - -0.34. What is the third smallest value in -1/10, y, r?
r
Let s = -39 - -37. Which is the second smallest value? (a) s (b) -1 (c) 3/2
b
Let u = 88.1 + -88. What is the fourth smallest value in -0.2, 2, u, -1?
2
Let o(x) = 2*x - 19. Let u be o(10). Which is the smallest value? (a) u (b) -4 (c) -21
c
Let c = -10 + 14. What is the fourth smallest value in -0.3, -1, c, 2?
c
Let l = -0.93 - -4.93. What is the smallest value in -4/9, 5, l?
-4/9
Let m be 0 - 0 - 20/(-8). What is the third biggest value in 0.5, -1/2, m?
-1/2
Let m = 42 + -41. What is the second biggest value in 1/5, m, -0.1?
1/5
Let k = -0.563 - -0.063. What is the biggest value in -1, k, -0.1?
-0.1
Let h = -2 - -2. Let d = h - 0. What is the biggest value in 0.5, d, 2?
2
Let q be (-12)/(-15) + (-9)/5. Let o = -0.2 - -0.6. Which is the second biggest value? (a) o (b) q (c) 1/2
a
Suppose -u = -2*u + 5. Suppose p - 3*f + 73 = -2, 0 = -3*p + u*f - 241. Let w = 437/5 + p. What is the second biggest value in w, 3, -0.3?
w
Let n = 17 - 30. Let d = n + 15. Let g = 5.4 + -5. Which is the second smallest value? (a) d (b) g (c) -5
b
Let i = -0.2 + 0.7. Let q(s) = s**3 + 3*s**2 - s - 1. Let l be q(-3). Suppose l*t = -t + 12. Which is the third smallest value? (a) -5 (b) t (c) i
b
Let l = 0.26 - -0.04. Which is the third biggest value? (a) l (b) -1/2 (c) 2/5
b
Suppose -29*z = -30*z. Let n = -3.8 + -0.2. Which is the third biggest value? (a) n (b) 5 (c) z
a
Let x = -56 + 56.36. Which is the third biggest value? (a) -1/5 (b) 1/4 (c) x (d) -3
a
Let o(h) = -h**2 + 6*h - 4. Let i be o(5). Let u = -4 + i. Which is the second smallest value? (a) -0.05 (b) u (c) 3
a
Let i(g) = 3*g - 1. Let r be i(1). Let z = -0.19 - -0.29. Which is the biggest value? (a) r (b) -2 (c) z
a
Let t = 72 + -72.4. Let j = 1.2 + -1. What is the biggest value in -2, t, j?
j
Suppose -3*x + 3*f = -18, -3*f + 4 = -2*x + 19. Let q be 1 - ((-4)/3 + 1). What is the second smallest value in x, q, -1/3?
q
Let w = 2 - 6. Let p = -0.74 - -5.74. Which is the third biggest value? (a) p (b) -2 (c) w
c
Let j(d) = d + 16. Let f be j(-12). What is the fourth biggest value in 1/2, -1/6, 0.03, f?
-1/6
Let d(m) = -m**3 - 7*m**2 - 5*m + 7. Let i be d(-6). Let r be 104/(-20) - i/(-5). Let p = 0.3 + 0.7. Which is the second smallest value? (a) r (b) 0.3 (c) p
b
Let l be (-3)/(-18)*(-2 + -2). Let f = -539/4148 + 3/244. Which is the third biggest value? (a) f (b) -1 (c) l
b
Suppose -8 = -4*n + 8. Let x(g) = g**2 - 6*g + 5. Let d be x(n). Which is the third smallest value? (a) d (b) -1/6 (c) 3
c
Let a be (-4)/6*18/(-24). What is the second smallest value in a, -12, 0?
0
Suppose -p - 4*s - 42 = 0, 120 = -7*p + 3*p - 4*s. Let j = -79/3 - p. What is the second smallest value in -3, -5, j?
-3
Let v = 10 + -5. Let m = 0 + -1. Let x be (-2)/m + -4 - 2. Which is the third smallest value? (a) v (b) 2 (c) x
a
Let w(g) = g + 5. Let j be w(-11). Which is the biggest value? (a) j (b) 0.1 (c) 0.2
c
Let a(u) = u + 1. Let l be a(-4). Let p = l + 7. Let d be (-26)/(-15) + p/(-10). What is the smallest value in 4, d, 2?
d
Let y = 0.64 + -0.94. What is the third smallest value in -2/9, 36, 0.4, y?
0.4
Let n be 2/(-4) + (-10)/(-20). Which is the biggest value? (a) 5 (b) n (c) 4
a
Let g be 0 - ((-30)/(-7) - (7 - 3)). Which is the second smallest value? (a) g (b) 0.4 (c) -0.2 (d) 3
c
Let t = -1.5 - -2. Let q = 2.9 + -7.3. Let r = q - -4. Which is the second biggest value? (a) t (b) 0.3 (c) r
b
Let m = -51 + 205/4. Let s = -2 - -2.2. Which is the smallest value? (a) 2/15 (b) s (c) m
a
Let d = -0.34 + 0.14. Which is the second smallest value? (a) d (b) 5 (c) 1/3
c
Let a = -0.27 - 0.83. Let z = a + 1.6. What is the biggest value in -7/6, z, 0?
z
Suppose 6*o + 16 = 2*o. Let t = 65/2 + -33. What is the third biggest value in t, -1/4, o?
o
Let u be 13/26 - 5/18. Which is the second smallest value? (a) u (b) 0.01 (c) 0 (d) 5
b
Let p = -69 + 68.8. What is the third smallest value in 1, p, 1/20?
1
Let l = 10 + -6. Suppose 0 = l*r - 20, -4*r + 5 = -5*f - 2*r. Let x = 6.39 - 3.39. Which is the second biggest value? (a) f (b) x (c) 0.4
a
Let x be (2 - (-120)/(-54))/(2/3). Which is the third smallest value? (a) x (b) -0.2 (c) 0.2
c
Let t = 55.8 - 56. What is the second smallest value in 2, -2, 0.2, t?
t
Let l = 22 - 21.8. Suppose 0 = -3*k - 3*r + 6, 0*r + 2*r = -4*k + 8. What is the third biggest value in 0.5, k, l?
l
Let l = 3.5 + -3. Let z = -2.5 + l. What is the second smallest value in 1, -3, z?
z
Let z = 563/63 - 61/7. What is the smallest value in -1/6, -4, 2/19, z?
-4
Let m = 2.1 - 2. Let j(x) = -x + 3. Let g be j(0). Suppose 7*y + 8 = 3*y. Which is the second smallest value? (a) y (b) m (c) g
b
Let l = 99 + -99.41. Let t = 0.09 - l. What is the biggest value in 2, -2/15, t?
2
Let o = 1763/9 + -196. What is the fourth smallest value in -2, -1, -4, o?
o
Let n = 6 - 6.5. Let g = -94/59 + -17477/177. Let a = g + 102. What is the second biggest value in 0.1, n, a?
0.1
Let h = 7 - 6.4. Let m = h - 0.6. What is the biggest value in 0.2, 3, m?
3
Let y = 354/1963 + -4/151. Let k = -5 + 6. Let x = k - 0.6. Which is the third biggest value? (a) y (b) -1/3 (c) x
b
Let x = 2.82 + -3. Which is the third biggest value? (a) 4 (b) x (c) -4
c
Let l = 0.39 + 0.01. Suppose 13 = 5*n + 3. Which is the second biggest value? (a) n (b) 0 (c) l
c
Let n = 162 - 167. Which is the third smallest value? (a) n (b) 3/7 (c) -0.5
b
Let v = -0.4 + 0.3. Let h = 0 + v. Let u = -0.8 + 1. Which is the biggest value? (a) u (b) -3 (c) h
a
Let d = 0.34 + 0.06. Let g = -18 - -19.6. Let v = g + d. Which is the second smallest value? (a) v (b) 1 (c) 3
a
Let g = -0.16 - -8.16. Which is the second smallest value? (a) g (b) -3 (c) 0
c
Let i be (-15)/10*2/(-9). Let w = -1 + 0.5. Let x = 3 + 0. Which is the second smallest value? (a) w (b) i (c) x
b
Let n = -11 + 14. Suppose -4*g + 9*g = -10. What is the smallest value in n, 3/7, g?
g
Let g = -2548/17 - -150. What is the smallest value in g, -5, 2/25?
-5
Let k = -2.1 + -0.9. Let z(i) = 2*i - 2. Let u be z(-3). Which is the third smallest value? (a) k (b) u (c) -2
c
Let o = -0.54 + 0.24. Which is the third smallest value? (a) 1/6 (b) 0.1 (c) o
a
Let c = -0.02 + -0.38. Let v = 4.4 + c. Let x = 6 - v. What is the second biggest value in 0.1, x, 0.4?
0.4
Let h = 4.7 - 4.2. Let b be 4/(-14) - 516/(-1757). Let g = b - 761/1004. What is the smallest value in g, -1, h?
-1
Suppose -z - 4 = -0*z. Let p = z - -2. Let b be (1/p)/((-7)/(-4)). What is the smallest value in b, -1, 4?
-1
Let v = -0.48 + -2.52. What is the fourth biggest value in -1/5, v, 3, 5?
v
Let z = -1 - -1.1. Let r be (-12)/(-42) + 34/(-21). Which is the second smallest value? (a) r (b) z (c) -0.3
c
Let j = -0.5 - -2.5. Let h = 0.31 + -0.17. Let d = h - 0.04. Which is the biggest value? (a) j (b) d (c) 0.3
a
Let w = -74.63 + 75. Let y = w - 0.07. Which is the third smallest value? (a) y (b) -0.3 (c) 2/3
c
Let h = -5 + 9/2. Let j be ((-2)/15)/((-2)/3). Let w = 2/57 - -49/228. Which is the biggest value? (a) j (b) w (c) h
b
Let m = -28 - -26. Suppose 3*s - 4*i = -9*i - 3, -s - 3*i = 1. What is the smalle | 2024-05-21T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3320 |
Lectin-labeled membrane is transferred to the Golgi complex in mouse pituitary cells in vivo.
Labeling of the Golgi complex with the lectin conjugate wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP), which binds to cell surface membrane and enters cells by adsorptive endocytosis, was analyzed in secretory cells of the anterior, intermediate, and posterior lobes of mouse pituitary gland in vivo. WGA-HRP was administered intravenously or by ventriculo-cisternal perfusion to control and salt-stressed mice; post-injection survival times were 30 min-24 hr. Peroxidase reaction product was identified within the extracellular clefts of anterior and posterior pituitary lobes through 24 hr but was absent in intermediate lobe. Endocytic vesicles, spherical endosomes, tubules, dense and multivesicular bodies, the trans-most saccule of the Golgi complex, and dense-core secretory granules attached or unattached to the trans Golgi saccule were peroxidase-positive in the different types of anterior pituitary cells and in perikarya of supraoptico-neurohypophyseal neurons; endoplasmic reticulum and the cis and intermediate Golgi saccules in the same cell types were consistently devoid of peroxidase reaction product. Dense-core secretory granules derived from cis and intermediate Golgi saccules in salt-stressed supraoptic perikarya likewise failed to exhibit peroxidase reaction product. The results suggest that in secretory cells of anterior and posterior pituitary lobes, WGA-HRP, initially internalized with cell surface membrane, is eventually conveyed to the trans-most Golgi saccule, in which the lectin conjugate and associated membrane are packaged in dense-core secretory granules for export and potential exocytosis of the tracer. Endoplasmic reticulum and the cis and intermediate Golgi saccules appear not to be involved in the endocytic/exocytic pathways of pituitary cells exposed to WGA-HRP. | 2024-04-08T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/9520 |
Two-dimensional echocardiography and color Doppler imaging in patients with systolic-diastolic murmurs.
Characteristics of color-coded Doppler imaging combined with two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in six patients with systolic-diastolic murmurs are reported. PDA, congenital absence of pulmonary valve leaflets, ventricular septal defect and aortic regurgitation, two ruptured aneurysms of sinus of Valsalva, and a coronary fistula were identified and findings were corroborated in cardiac catheterization and/or surgery. Color-coded Doppler imaging increases the information of the echocardiographic method in differential diagnosis of these entities by characterizing flow in cardiac chambers more completely and by facilitating detection of associated defects. | 2024-06-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1012 |
With continuous shrinking of minimal feature size, leaky current is expected to become a major challenge for future complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) designs. Although each is about 10% of total chip power for the current generation of CMOS technology, the number is expected to rise to 50% for next generation techniques. The increasing leakage current not only poses a problem for battery powered devices, such as mobile and hand-held electronics, it is increasingly critical for active operation as it is becoming a higher percentage of total power.
Most of the leakage estimation and reduction techniques have focused on sub-threshold leakage due to the lowering of the power supply voltage and the accompanying reduction of the threshold voltage. With the reduction of the gate oxide thickness, the gate leakage current can no longer be ignored. Gate leakage is on a trend to become comparable to the sub-threshold leakage. An accurate full chip leakage estimation needs to consider both gate and sub-threshold leakage.
There are various methods that have been used to estimate the full chip leakage; for example, a linear regression model may estimate full chip leakage based on the gate count in the application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) environments. It is known that the leakage current has strong dependency on the environmental factors, such as device channel temperature, power supply voltage and workload. However, most methods for determining leakage have not taken these parameters into consideration. The dependency of leakage on temperature has an order somewhat greater than linear, for example, a 30° C. change in temperature may affect the leakage by 30%. The dependency of leakage on power supply voltage is exponential; a 20% fluctuation in Vdd may affect the leakage power by more than a factor of two.
Chip designers use empirical methods to estimate leakage power, which assumes a uniform temperature and Vdd distribution across the whole chip. However, in today's complex industrial designs, both temperature and Vdd fluctuations have very strong locality, i.e., they are not uniform across the chip. The exact amount of the fluctuations at certain locations depends on the distribution of the transistors and decoupling capacitors, the workload, as well as the quality of the power grid and package design. Empirical methods in full chip leakage estimation are too simplistic, and thus inaccurate.
Therefore, there is a need for a method for determining the leakage power of a full chip IC that considers the effects of temperature and voltage distribution across the IC. | 2023-11-03T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/1203 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a terminal fitting and to a connector provided therewith.
2. Description of the Related Art
U.S. Pat. No. 5,624,289 discloses a terminal fitting that can be inserted into a connector housing. A metal lock is formed integrally on the terminal fitting and engages a step formed in the connector housing to lock the terminal fitting in the housing.
FIG. 6 herein shows a similar arrangement with a metal lock 100 formed unwarily in the upper surface of a terminal fitting 101 by cutting and bending. The metal lock 100 is resiliently deformable and cantilevers back with respect to an inserting direction of the terminal fitting 101 into the housing. The lock 100 can get caught by a wire or can be stuck by external matter, and may undergo a plastic deformation if there is no protection. Accordingly, stabilizers 102 have been provided near the lock 100 to protect the lock 100 from plastic deformation.
However, the stabilizers 102 extend longitudinally adjacent opposite lateral edges of the lock 100. Thus, a terminal insertion opening of the housing needs to be dimensioned to avoid interference with the stabilizers 102. FIG. 7 shows an area necessary to pass the terminal fitting 101 by phantom line for a round terminal insertion opening 105. It can be understood that the cross section of the terminal insertion opening 105 is fairly large to avoid interference with the stabilizers 102. This results in a larger housing.
The stabilizers 102 are formed simultaneously with the lock 100 by utilizing an opening made by forming the lock 100. However, the formation of the stabilizers 102 and the lock 100 creates a large opening 103 that exposes the inside of the terminal fitting 101. Thus, a resilient tongue 104 inside in the terminal fitting 101 is exposed to potential damage.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to allow only a small area of passage for a terminal fitting.
The invention is directed to a terminal fitting that can be inserted into a connector housing. The terminal fitting has a main body and one or more resilient contact pieces in the main body for contacting a mating terminal fitting. At least one lock is cantilevered rearwardly and outwardly from a side surface of the main body, and at least one protection wall projects from the main body at a location behind the free end of the lock. Accordingly, damage to the lock can be mitigated. Further, the protection wall is no wider than the lock. Thus, an area of passage of the terminal fitting into the connector housing can be minimized. This enables an open area of a terminal insertion opening in the connector housing to be small, thus contributing to a smaller connector.
The stabilizers used in the prior art terminal fitting to protect the lock extend along the edges of the side surface of the terminal fitting at the opposite lateral ends and a large opening is required in the side surface to form the stabilizers. However, the protection wall of the subject invention is behind the lock and has substantially the same width as the lock. Thus, an opening made in the surface by the formation of the protection wall is not as large as the opening made by the formation of the stabilizers in the prior art terminal fitting. The smaller opening can enhance the strength of the terminal fitting and protects the contact portion inside the terminal fitting.
The cantilevered lock may be formed by cutting and bending a portion of the side surface of the main body so that the lock projects back with respect to the inserting direction. The protection wall may be formed by bending an edge of an opening that is made during the formation of the lock, and preferably the edge that faces the free end of the lock.
The main body preferably is substantially box-shaped.
The terminal fitting preferably comprises two locks and two protection walls that are formed substantially symmetrically, on the two surfaces of the main body that substantially facing each other.
The stabilizers that prevent an upside-down insertion of the terminal fitting also have protected the lock in the prior art terminal fitting. However, upside-down insertion of the terminal fitting cannot be avoided if the terminal fitting has the protection wall instead of the stabilizers. Thus, the terminal fitting can be mounted properly regardless of the vertical orientation of the terminal fitting if the locks and the protection walls are substantially symmetrical.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the main body has a shell integrally mountable thereto, and the lock and/or the protection wall are provided on the shell. The shell preferably is made from a material different from the main body, and the main body preferably has at least one touching portion for contacting the shell.
The invention also is directed to a connector with a housing that has at least one cavity, and terminal fittings accommodated in the respective cavities. The lock preferably cooperates with a locking projection inside the cavity.
The locking projection preferably is between the lock. And the protection wall when the terminal fitting is inserted properly. The locking projection then preferably contacts the lock and the protection wall.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that even though embodiments are separately described, single features thereof may be combined to additional embodiments. | 2024-02-14T01:26:18.401715 | https://example.com/article/3160 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.