instruction
stringlengths
14
4.34k
output
stringlengths
1
6.77k
dataset
stringclasses
11 values
The bones of the newborn skull are not fully ossified and are separated by large areas called what?
fontanelles
sciq
Which part of the nephron collects wastes in the blood?
tubule
sciq
What do offsprings obtain from their parents in what is called, inheritance?
characteristics
sciq
What instruments used in guidance systems to indicate directions in space must have an angular momentum that does not change in direction?
gyroscopes
sciq
What forms when nitrogen and oxygen combine at high temperatures?
nitrogen oxide
sciq
In what type of diabetes can the pancreas still make insulin, but the cells of the body cannot use it efficiently?
type 2 diabetes
sciq
The fight or flight response and similar responses are controlled by what part of the nervous system?
autonomous
sciq
Eight of the hottest years on record have occurred since what year?
1998
sciq
What are the largest known proteins?
titins
sciq
What is an attitude of doubt about the truthfulness of claims that lack empirical evidence?
skepticism
sciq
Broca’s area, responsible for the production of language or controlling movements responsible for speech, is nearly always located on what side of the brain?
left
sciq
What kind of enzyme is phosphofructokinase?
allosteric
sciq
How many sperm does it take to fertilize an egg?
1
sciq
What is the scientific term for stored energy an object has due to its position or shape?
potential energy
sciq
Push or pull acting on an object is also called?
force
sciq
Dominant alleles rarely cause what type of disorders, since the mutant allele is likely to die out of the population?
genetic disorders
sciq
What is the process by which some solids transition directly into gases?
sublimation
sciq
In what part of the body do escherichia coli bacteria live?
your intestines
sciq
What is the world’s most serious resource problem?
water scarcity
sciq
What are the light highlands of the moon called?
terrae
sciq
What appears in autumn when cool air moves over a warm lake?
steam fog
sciq
What do we call the formation of a gas from a liquid at temperatures below the boiling point?
evaporation
sciq
What part of a chromosome exists in different states of condensation at different times?
the chromatin
sciq
The kinetic energy of a moving object depends on it's mass and it's what?
volume
sciq
Olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear nerves are related to what type of function?
sensory
sciq
Triggering a blink when something touches the surface of the eye, the corneal reflex is what type of reflex?
somatic
sciq
Water molds mostly live in water or moist?
soil
sciq
What causes a meteoroid to vaporize after it enters the atmosphere?
friction with atmosphere
sciq
What element is all life built around?
carbon
sciq
Saturn is made mostly of helium and what else?
hydrogen
sciq
When gas particles heat up and gain energy, what do they do?
move faster
sciq
In a cell cycle, what kind of regulator molecules allow advancement to the next stage?
positive
sciq
The bending of a wave around the edges of an opening or an obstacle is called this?
diffraction
sciq
During which phase is the moon more than half lit but not full?
gibbous phase
sciq
What occurs when an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle and energy?
alpha decay
sciq
What is the name of the cell that results when a sperm nucleus fuses with a egg nucleus?
a zygote
sciq
Vertebrates have tissues which are organized into organs which in turn are organized into what?
organ systems
sciq
What is the force that causes objects to fall down to the ground?
gravity
sciq
What is the gland in the chest behind the breast bone that stores some types of lymphocytes while they mature?
thymus
sciq
What is the name of the part that connects the vagina with the uterus?
cervix
sciq
Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell in the third phase of what process?
mitosis
sciq
What are atoms or groups of atoms called which carry and electrical charge?
ions
sciq
Energy is absorbed as reactants are converted to products in what kind of chemical reaction?
endothermic
sciq
Humans have about 20,000 to 22,000 genes scattered among 23 of these?
chromosomes
sciq
What is the plasma membrane mainly composed of?
phospholipids
sciq
What results when a force does work?
movement
sciq
Bubbles in bread dough are created by what gas produced during alcoholic fermentation?
carbon dioxide
sciq
Wich disorder arises when defective valves allow blood to accumulate within the veins?
varicose veins
sciq
Bond energy is an indication of the amount of energy needed for what to occur?
chemical reaction
sciq
What type of rocks form from sediments that are cemented and compacted?
sedimentary
sciq
Where are protons found in the atom?
in the nucleus
sciq
What do nearly all nonsense mutations lead to ?
nonfunctional proteins
sciq
What is the term for the method of sending out ultrasound waves to determine the locations of objects?
echolocation
sciq
Particulates cause lung diseases. they can also increase the risk of heart disease and the number of what?
asthma attacks
sciq
What is a stream of moving water that flows through the ocean?
current
sciq
Where are most of the organs contained in insects?
the abdomen
sciq
What can alkenes and alkynes be reduced with to form alkanes?
hydrogen gas
sciq
What is the name for a series of changes in the reproductive system of mature females that repeats every month on average?
menstrual cycle
sciq
What type of gas is produced by alcoholic fermentation of the glucose in corn or other plants?
ethanol
sciq
Which kingdom are mosses and trees included in?
plant
sciq
What type of carbons may be gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature?
hydrocarbons
sciq
Mass can be destroyed to release what?
energy
sciq
Plant cells have cell walls that are made of what?
cellulose
sciq
Real gases deviate from ideal form at high pressure and what other thermodynamic condition?
low temperatures
sciq
Which species in class insecta has three body segments, six jointed legs, and multiple head appendages?
arthropod
sciq
What are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms called?
alkenes
sciq
What term is used to describe the tendency of a mineral to break along certain planes?
cleavage
sciq
The combustion of propane gas produces carbon dioxide and what else?
water vapor
sciq
What do opposite charges do to one another?
attract
sciq
What is the term for if multiple sperm fuse with an egg?
polyspermy
sciq
How does the liquid in a thermometer respond to heat or cold?
expands or contracts
sciq
Endotherms are warmed mostly by heat generated by what?
metabolism
sciq
In which continent are meerkats most likely to be found?
africa
sciq
What is the science of how traits are passed from parents to offspring?
heredity
sciq
The law of conservation of matter, which says that matter cannot be created or this?
destroyed
sciq
Neurons are classified based on the direction in which they carry what?
nerve impulses
sciq
What are the taste receptors found as tiny bumps on the tongue called?
taste buds
sciq
Who first discovered the moons of jupiter in 1610?
galileo
sciq
The cells of what basic plant structure lack chloroplasts?
root
sciq
In this type of reaction, an element replaces another element in a compound, and the element is in any state of matter but is not an ion?
single-replacement reaction
sciq
What are unique in having adaptive immunity in addition to innate immunity?
vertebrates
sciq
"cardio" has become slang for what type of exercise that raises your heart rate for an extended amount of time?
aerobic
sciq
Which bone is derived from the fusion of four very small coccygeal vertebrae?
coccyx
sciq
In classical conditioning, a response called the conditioned response is associated with what?
conditioned stimulus
sciq
In sexually reproducing organisms, parents pass a copy of each type of what to their offspring by producing gametes?
chromosome
sciq
What are the three major types of blood vessels?
arteries, veins, capillaries
sciq
Calvin cycle reactions can be organized into three basic stages: fixation, reduction, and this?
regeneration
sciq
What is the approximate population on the earth?
7 billion
sciq
Parthenogenis in komodo dragons is an example of what kind of reproduction, whereby offspring are created from just one parent?
asexual reproduction
sciq
In the chest, the trachea divides as it enters the lungs to form the right and left what?
bronchi
sciq
There are only four possible bases that make up each dna nucleotide: adenine, guanine, thymine, and?
cytosine
sciq
What subphylum, which includes crabs and crayfish, represents the dominant aquatic arthropods?
crustaceans
sciq
What type of solid has atoms arranged in a repeating pattern?
crystals
sciq
The rate of decay of carbon-14 does what over time?
remains stable
sciq
What is it called when the nucleus of an atom splits into two smaller nuclei?
nuclear fission
sciq
Where is the hypothalamus–pituitary complex located in the body?
diencephalon of the brain
sciq
What is the term for the stalk connecting a leaf to a stem?
petiole
sciq
Plants can absorb inorganic nutrients and water through their root system, and what gas from the environment?
carbon dioxide
sciq
What are materials that have high resistance to electric current called?
electric insulators
sciq
What type of earthquake has a shallow focus because the plates meet near the surface?
transform fault
sciq