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Most waves strike the shore at an angle. this causes what?
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longshore drift
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sciq
|
Displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force are examples of what type of quantity that has magnitude and direction?
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vector
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sciq
|
The coccyx, or tailbone, results from the fusion of four small what?
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coccygeal vertebrae
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sciq
|
An increase in what, across the periodic table, explains why elements go from metals to metalloids and then to nonmetals?
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electrons
|
sciq
|
Cancer develops when what process is unregulated?
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cell division
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sciq
|
The normal respiratory rate per minute in adult humans is?
|
12-18 breaths
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sciq
|
Many deleterious alleles have such severe effects that a homozygous embryo spontaneously aborts long before what?
|
birth
|
sciq
|
What is the science of classifying living things is called?
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taxonomy
|
sciq
|
Athletes such as swimmers and bicyclists wear body suits in competition to minimize what forces?
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drag forces
|
sciq
|
What are diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits examples of?
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electronic components
|
sciq
|
What occurs if oxygen cannot be obtained at a sufficient rate?
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anaerobic respiration
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sciq
|
A sperm cell and an egg cell fuse to become what?
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fertilized egg
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sciq
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What is the lipid-rich sheath that surrounds the axon and facilitates the transmission of electrical signals along the axon?
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myelin sheath
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sciq
|
Millions of years ago, plants used energy from the sun to form what?
|
carbon compounds
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sciq
|
A circuit that consists of two loops is called a what?
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parallel circuit
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sciq
|
What prepares the body for fight or flight during emergencies?
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sympathetic division
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sciq
|
What are the tiny sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place?
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alveoli
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sciq
|
What of a electromagnetic wave can be calculated using the wave equation due to their speed always being constant?
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frequency
|
sciq
|
If citrate accumulates in mitochondria, some of it passes into where and inhibits phosphofructokinase?
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cytosol
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sciq
|
What is it called when waves spread out as they travel around obstacles or through openings in obstacles?
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diffraction
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sciq
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Functional groups are groups of atoms that occur within molecules and confer specific chemical properties to those molecules. they are found along the “carbon backbone” of what?
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macromolecules
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sciq
|
During strenuous exercise our muscles perform what kind of fermentation?
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lactic acid
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sciq
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Unlike corals, jellyfish spend most of their lives as what?
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medusae
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sciq
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If you drive or take the bus to school or work, you are using a vehicle that probably burns gasoline, a material that burns fairly easily and provides energy to power the vehicle. recall that burning is a?
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chemical change
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sciq
|
What is the nest of cell an egg rests in called?
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follicle
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sciq
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Crystallization separates mixtures based on differences in what, which usually increases with temperature?
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solubility
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sciq
|
Flowers, double fertilization, and fruits are unique features of what life cycle?
|
angiosperm
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sciq
|
What is the largest artery in the body called?
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aorta
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sciq
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What is the measure for how fast or slow something moves?
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speed
|
sciq
|
Each vertebral vein also flows into which vein?
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brachiocephalic
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sciq
|
What is the storage form of glucose in humans and other vertebrates?
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glycogen
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sciq
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What produces enzymes that digest carbohydrates in plant cell walls?
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bacteria
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sciq
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Triggered by changes in the environment, migration and hibernation occur as cycles on what temporal basis?
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annual
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sciq
|
What type of energy travels in waves across space as well as through matter?
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electromagnetic radiation
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sciq
|
What is the only substance on earth that is present in all three states of matter?
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water
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sciq
|
Which theory describes the benzene molecule and other planar aromatic hydrocarbon molecules as hexagonal rings of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms with the unhybridized p orbital of each carbon atom perpendicular to the plane of the ring?
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valence bond theory
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sciq
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What is the opposite of rarefaction zones, where air molecules in waves are loosely packed?
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compression zones
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sciq
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What kind of motion characterizes waves?
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repetitive
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sciq
|
After infecting a host, what inactive state do some viruses enter?
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latency
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sciq
|
The shapes of minerals form as they are broken along what planes?
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cleavage planes
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sciq
|
What is used by sensitive systems to detect even low levels of radiation?
|
crystals
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sciq
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Is wind power renewable or non renewable?
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renewable
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sciq
|
Soils with higher capacities generally have a larger reserve of what?
|
mineral nutrients
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sciq
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In 1802, charles and gay-lussac both proposed that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, what is directly proportional to its absolute temperature?
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volume
|
sciq
|
All the genes in all the members of a population make up its what?
|
gene pool
|
sciq
|
During birth, a baby passes from the uterus through what organ to leave the body?
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the vagina
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sciq
|
Deposition refers to when a gas changes to what state?
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solid
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sciq
|
What type of light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to kill bacteria?
|
ultraviolet
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sciq
|
Soil that forms in place over a very long period is called what?
|
residual soil
|
sciq
|
When the number of electrons and the number of protons are equal, the object is what?
|
neutral
|
sciq
|
Something supplied by nature that helps support life, including ecosystems as well as minerals and fossil fuels, is called a what?
|
natural resource
|
sciq
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What term is used to describe when a liquid is the temperature at which its equilibrium vapor pressure is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by its gaseous surroundings?
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boiling point
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sciq
|
Hair sticks out from the epidermis, but it grows from the?
|
dermis
|
sciq
|
As a polycrystalline material solidifies, grains with irregular shapes form. the interfaces between grains constitute grain what?
|
boundaries
|
sciq
|
Skin color is controlled by genes but also influenced by exposure to what?
|
sunlight
|
sciq
|
What generally sets the direction that technology takes?
|
problems of society
|
sciq
|
The airway and the lungs are part of what organ system?
|
respiratory
|
sciq
|
Production of abnormal white blood cells occurs in what cancer, which is the most common form in children?
|
leukemia
|
sciq
|
What unit of power is equal to 1 joule of energy per second?
|
watt
|
sciq
|
The brain and spinal cord are part of what system, which serves as a control center?
|
central nervous system
|
sciq
|
Which fuels provide most of the world’s energy?
|
fossil fuels
|
sciq
|
Constantly going through some form of growth and repair is a characteristic of all what?
|
living things
|
sciq
|
Light can be used to eject what from a solid material?
|
electrons
|
sciq
|
What is the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths called?
|
dispersion
|
sciq
|
Along with other functions, what do carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids provide for the body?
|
energy
|
sciq
|
What is another word for brooding- keeping eggs warm while the embryos develop?
|
incubation
|
sciq
|
Name the term used to described prokaryotes that require oxygen.
|
aerobic
|
sciq
|
What do neurons pass to the next neuron?
|
neurotransmitters
|
sciq
|
What type of disorders are caused by mutations in genes or abnormal numbers of chromosomes?
|
genetic disorders
|
sciq
|
What are clouds on earth made of?
|
water vapor
|
sciq
|
The field of organic chemistry studies the structure and reactivity of compounds containing what element?
|
carbon
|
sciq
|
What bone cell is responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum?
|
osteoblast
|
sciq
|
Average acceleration is the rate of change of what?
|
velocity
|
sciq
|
What is a change in the sequence of bases in dna or rna called?
|
mutation
|
sciq
|
What is the smallest unit capable of life known as?
|
a cell
|
sciq
|
Where would you find most pollution of ocean water?
|
coastline
|
sciq
|
Endosperm usually develops before the what does?
|
embryo
|
sciq
|
What substance do the leaves of plants take in from the environment?
|
carbon dioxide
|
sciq
|
What were the first living things to evolve on earth?
|
prokaryotes
|
sciq
|
An antigen is a molecule that reacts with some component of the what response?
|
immune
|
sciq
|
What is the ratio of charge on a capacitor to potential difference across it called?
|
capacitance
|
sciq
|
What is the representative particle in pure metals?
|
the atom
|
sciq
|
Cephalochordates have a notochord and nerve cord but not a?
|
backbone
|
sciq
|
The characteristic sound of a motorcycle buzzing by is an example of which effect?
|
doppler effect
|
sciq
|
How many directions can ions flow along the axon?
|
one
|
sciq
|
What are negative electrons attracted to?
|
positive protons
|
sciq
|
Blood flows into the kidney through which artery?
|
renal artery
|
sciq
|
What element can form two different compounds with oxygen?
|
carbon
|
sciq
|
Many organisms look very similar to other organisms because they may be from the same what?
|
species
|
sciq
|
Fossils provide a window into the past. they are evidence for what?
|
evolution
|
sciq
|
All enzymes have an optimal temperature and what?
|
ph
|
sciq
|
The ratio of displacement to time interval is the average what?
|
velocity
|
sciq
|
What's the process responsible for the presence of oxygen in our atmosphere?
|
photosynthesis
|
sciq
|
The external female reproductive structures are referred to collectively as what?
|
the vulva
|
sciq
|
What is the term for the measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object?
|
weight
|
sciq
|
Radiometric dating methods, such as carbon-14 dating depend on what type of decay?
|
radioactive
|
sciq
|
What are xylem and phloem responsible for transporting to the cells of leaves?
|
water and minerals
|
sciq
|
The milky way galaxy is which shape type of galaxy?
|
spiral
|
sciq
|
What are the parts used in electronic devices such as computers called?
|
electronic components
|
sciq
|
During the early paleozoic, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere compared to today was?
|
much greater
|
sciq
|
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