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Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | picture of the road, let's find the yellow lane markers and, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:00.480 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you know, steer the wheel. And, you know, later I'd come to realize this had been | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:03.440 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | done, you know, since, since the 80s or the 70s or even | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:06.880 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | earlier, but I still wanted to do it and sort of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:10.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | immediately after that trip switched from sort of BattleBots, which is more | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:13.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | radio controlled machines, to thinking about building, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:16.560 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you know, autonomous vehicles of some scale. Start off with really small | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:21.440 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | electric ones and then, you know, progress to what we're | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:24.320 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | doing now. So what was your view of artificial intelligence at that point? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:27.680 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | What did you think? So this is before, there's been waves in artificial | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:30.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | intelligence, right? The current wave with deep learning | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:35.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | makes people believe that you can solve in a really rich deep way the computer | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:39.440 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | vision perception problem, but like in | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:44.000 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | before the deep learning craze, you know, how do you think about, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:48.400 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | how would you even go about building a thing that perceives itself in the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:52.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | world, localizes itself in the world, moves around the world? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:56.560 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | Like when you were younger, I mean, what was your thinking about it? Well, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:08:59.040 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | prior to deep neural networks or convolutional neural | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:02.320 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | analysis, these modern techniques we have, or at least | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:05.040 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | ones that are in use today, it was all a heuristic space and so like old school | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:06.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | image processing and I think extracting, you know, yellow lane markers out of an | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:11.680 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | image of a road is one of the problems that lends itself | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:16.800 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | reasonably well to those heuristic based methods, you know, like | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:21.200 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | just do a threshold on the color yellow and then try to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:24.240 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | fit some lines to that using a Huff transform or something and then | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:27.440 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | go from there. Traffic light detection and stop sign detection, red, yellow, green. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:31.040 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And I think you could, I mean, if you wanted to do a full, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:35.840 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | I was just trying to make something that would stay in between the lanes on a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:39.760 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | highway, but if you wanted to do the full, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:43.120 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | the full, you know, set of capabilities needed for a driverless car, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:46.880 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | I think you could, and we'd done this at cruise, you know, in the very first days, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:50.400 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you can start off with a really simple, you know, human written heuristic just to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:54.320 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | get the scaffolding in place for your system. Traffic light detection, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:09:58.160 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | probably a really simple, you know, color thresholding on day one just to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:01.680 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | get the system up and running before you migrate to, you know, a deep | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:04.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | learning based technique or something else. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:08.800 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And, you know, back in when I was doing this, my first one, it was on a Pentium | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:10.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | 203, 233 megahertz computer in it and I think I wrote the first version in | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:14.000 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | basic, which is like an interpreted language. It's | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:19.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | extremely slow because that's the thing I knew at the time. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:21.680 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And so there was no, no chance at all of using, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:24.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | there was no, no computational power to do any sort of reasonable | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:27.760 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | deep nets like you have today. So I don't know what kids these days are doing. Are | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:32.480 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | kids these days, you know, at age 13 using neural networks in | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:35.360 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | their garage? I mean, that would be awesome. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:38.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | I get emails all the time from, you know, like 11, 12 year olds | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:40.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | saying I'm having, you know, I'm trying to follow this TensorFlow tutorial | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:44.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | and I'm having this problem. And the general approach | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:48.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | in the deep learning community is of extreme optimism of, as opposed to, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:10:53.200 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you mentioned like heuristics, you can, you can, you can | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:00.000 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | separate the autonomous driving problem into modules and try to solve it sort of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:03.040 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | rigorously, or you can just do it end to end. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:06.560 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And most people just kind of love the idea that, you know, us humans do it end | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:08.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | to end. We just perceive and act. We should be able to use that, do the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:12.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | same kind of thing when you're on nets. And that, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:17.280 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | that kind of thinking, you don't want to criticize that kind of thinking because | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:19.360 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | eventually they will be right. Yeah. And so it's exciting and especially | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:23.120 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | when they're younger to explore that as a really exciting approach. But yeah, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:26.800 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | it's, it's changed the, the language, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:30.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | the kind of stuff you're tinkering with. It's kind of exciting to see when these | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:35.360 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | teenagers grow up. Yeah. I can only imagine if you, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:38.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | if your starting point is, you know, Python and TensorFlow at age 13 | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:42.240 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | where you end up, you know, after 10 or 15 years of that, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:46.640 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | that's, that's pretty cool. Because of GitHub, because the state tools for | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:49.760 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | solving most of the major problems in artificial intelligence | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:53.840 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | are within a few lines of code for most kids. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:11:56.880 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And that's incredible to think about also on the entrepreneurial side. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:00.160 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | And, and on that point, was there any thought about entrepreneurship before | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:04.160 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you came to college? Is sort of doing, you're building this | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:10.560 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | into a thing that impacts the world on a large scale? Yeah. I've always | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:14.560 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | wanted to start a company. I think that's, you know, just a cool concept of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:18.480 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | creating something and exchanging it for value or creating value, I guess. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:22.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | So in high school, I was, I was trying to build like, you know, servo motor | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:28.240 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | drivers, little circuit boards and sell them online | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:32.240 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | or other, other things like that. And certainly knew at some point I wanted to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:35.280 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | do a startup, but it wasn't really, I'd say until college, until I felt | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:39.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | like I had the, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:42.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | I guess the right combination of the environment, the smart people around you | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:45.600 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | and some free time and a lot of free time at MIT. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:48.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | So you came to MIT as an undergrad 2004. That's right. And that's when the first | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:52.240 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | DARPA Grand Challenge was happening. Yeah. The, the timing of that is | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:12:58.000 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | beautifully poetic. So how did you get yourself involved in that one? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:02.080 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | Originally there wasn't a official entry. Yeah, faculty sponsored thing. And so a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:05.600 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | bunch of undergrads, myself included, started meeting and got together and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:09.840 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | tried to haggle together some sponsorships. We got a vehicle donated, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:14.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | a bunch of sensors and tried to put something together. And so we had, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:18.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | our team was probably mostly freshmen and sophomores, you know, which, which was | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:22.480 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | not really a fair, fair fight against maybe the, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:26.320 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you know, postdoc and faculty led teams from other schools. But | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:30.080 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | we, we got something up and running. We had our vehicle drive by wire and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:33.280 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | you know, very, very basic control and things. But | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:36.960 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | on the day of the qualifying, sort of pre qualifying round, the one and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:41.840 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | only steering motor that we had purchased, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:47.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | the thing that we had retrofitted to turn the steering wheel on the truck | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:50.720 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | died. And so our vehicle was just dead in the water, couldn't steer. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:55.200 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | So we didn't make it very far. On the hardware side. So was there a software | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:13:58.480 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | component? Was there, like, how did your view of autonomous | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:14:02.400 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | vehicles in terms of artificial intelligence | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:14:05.760 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | evolve in this moment? I mean, you know, like you said from the 80s has been | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:14:09.520 |
Kyle Vogt: Cruise Automation | Lex Fridman Podcast #14 | autonomous vehicles, but really that was the birth of the modern wave. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0014-large.html#00:14:13.120 |
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