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Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | triangle, you can evolve the first angle and you evolve the second angle, but you don't need to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:04:47.200 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | evolve the third. You know what it is already. Now, why do you know? That's a gift for free | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:04:50.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | from geometry in a particular space. You know what that angle has to be. And if you evolve | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:04:54.480 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | an ion channel, which is, ion channels are basically transistors, right? They're voltage | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:04:58.240 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | gated current conductances. If you evolve that ion channel, you immediately get to use things | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:01.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | like truth tables. You get logic functions. You don't have to evolve the logic function. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:06.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | You don't have to evolve a truth table. It doesn't have to be in the DNA. You get it for free, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:10.160 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | right? And the fact that if you have NAND gates, you can build anything you want, you get that for | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:14.160 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | free. All you have to evolve is that first step, that first little machine that enables you to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:17.360 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | couple to those laws. And there's laws of adhesion and many other things. And this is all that | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:22.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | interplay between the hardware that's set up by the genetics and the software that's made, right? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:27.680 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | The physiological software that basically does all the computation and the cognition and everything | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:33.600 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | else is a real interplay between the information and the DNA and the laws of physics of computation | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:38.240 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | and so on. So is it fair to say, just like this idea that the laws of mathematics are discovered, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:43.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | they're latent within the fabric of the universe in that same way the laws of biology are kind of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:50.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | discovered? Yeah, I think that's absolutely, and it's probably not a popular view, but I think | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:55.520 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | that's right on the money. Yeah. Well, I think that's a really deep idea. Then embryogenesis | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:05:59.760 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | is the process of revealing, of embodying, of manifesting these laws. You're not building the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:05.520 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | laws. You're just creating the capacity to reveal. Yes. I think, again, not the standard view of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:16.000 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | molecular biology by any means, but I think that's right on the money. I'll give you a simple example. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:23.520 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Some of our latest work with these xenobots, right? So what we've done is to take some skin | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:27.760 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | cells off of an early frog embryo and basically ask about their plasticity. If we give you a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:31.680 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | chance to sort of reboot your multicellularity in a different context, what would you do? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:36.080 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Because what you might assume by... The thing about embryogenesis is that it's super reliable, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:40.400 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | right? It's very robust. And that really obscures some of its most interesting features. We get | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:45.120 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | used to it. We get used to the fact that acorns make oak trees and frog eggs make frogs. And we | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:50.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | say, well, what else is it going to make? That's what it makes. That's a standard story. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:54.800 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | But the reality is... And so you look at these skin cells and you say, well, what do they know | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:06:57.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | how to do? Well, they know how to be a passive boring two dimensional outer layer, keeping the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:03.600 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | bacteria from getting into the embryo. That's what they know how to do. Well, it turns out that if | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:07.840 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | you take these skin cells and you remove the rest of the embryo, so you remove all of the rest of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:11.200 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | the cells and you say, well, you're by yourself now, what do you want to do? So what they do is | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:17.040 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | they form this multi little creature that runs around the dish. They have all kinds of incredible | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:20.960 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | and incredible capacities. They navigate through mazes. They have various behaviors that they do | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:26.480 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | both independently and together. Basically, they implement von Neumann's dream of self replication, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:30.960 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | because if you sprinkle a bunch of loose cells into the dish, what they do is they run around, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:38.960 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | they collect those cells into little piles. They sort of mush them together until those little | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:42.560 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | piles become the next generation of xenobots. So you've got this machine that builds copies of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:46.800 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | itself from loose material in its environment. None of this are things that you would have expected | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:50.960 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | from the frog genome. In fact, the genome is wild type. There's nothing wrong with their genetics. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:07:56.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Nothing has been added, no nanomaterials, no genomic editing, nothing. And so what we have | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:01.280 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | done there is engineered by subtraction. What you've done is you've removed the other cells | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:06.320 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | that normally basically bully these cells into being skin cells. And you find out that what they | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:11.360 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | really want to do is to be this, their default behaviors to be a xenobot. But in vivo, in the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:15.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | embryo, they get told to be skinned by these other cell types. And so now here comes this really | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:21.680 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | interesting question that you just posed. When you ask where does the form of the tadpole and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:28.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | the frog come from, the standard answer is, well, it's selection. So over millions of years, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:33.760 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | it's been shaped to produce the specific body that's fit for froggy environments. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:39.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Where does the shape of the xenobot come from? There's never been any xenobots. There's never | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:44.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | been selection to be a good xenobot. These cells find themselves in the new environment. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:48.240 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | In 48 hours, they figure out how to be an entirely different protoorganism with new capacities like | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:51.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | kinematic self replication. That's not how frogs or tadpoles replicate. We've made it impossible | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:08:57.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | for them to replicate their normal way. Within a couple of days, these guys find a new way of | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:02.000 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | doing it that's not done anywhere else in the biosphere. Well, actually, let's step back and | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:05.600 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | define, what are xenobots? So a xenobot is a self assembling little protoorganism. It's also a | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:09.200 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | biological robot. Those things are not distinct. It's a member of both classes. How much is it | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:16.320 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | biology? How much is that robot? At this point, most of it is biology because what we're doing is | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:22.000 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | we're discovering natural behaviors of the cells and also of the cell collectives. Now, one of the | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:28.160 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | really important parts of this was that we're working together with Josh Bongaert's group at | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:35.120 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | University of Vermont. They're computer scientists, they do AI, and they've basically been able to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:39.440 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | use a simulated evolution approach to ask, how can we manipulate these cells, give them signals, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:45.040 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | not rewire their DNA, so not hardware, but experience signals? So can we remove some cells? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:51.440 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Can we add some cells? Can we poke them in different ways to get them to do other things? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:56.080 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | So in the future, there's going to be, we're now, and this is future unpublished work, but | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:09:59.920 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | we're doing all sorts of interesting ways to reprogram them to new behaviors. But before you | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:04.400 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | can start to reprogram these things, you have to understand what their innate capacities are. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:08.720 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Okay, so that means engineering, programming, you're engineering them in the future. And in | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:13.040 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | some sense, the definition of a robot is something you in part engineer versus evolve. I mean, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:19.520 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | it's such a fuzzy definition anyway, in some sense, many of the organisms within our body | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:28.400 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | are kinds of robots. And I think robots is a weird line because it's, we tend to see robots | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:33.280 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | as the other. I think there will be a time in the future when there's going to be something akin to | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:40.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | the civil rights movements for robots, but we'll talk about that later perhaps. Anyway, so how do | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:45.760 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | you, can we just linger on it? How do you build a Xenobot? What are we talking about here? From | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:10:52.800 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | when does it start and how does it become the glorious Xenobot? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:00.560 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Yeah, so just to take one step back, one of the things that a lot of people get stuck on is they | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:06.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | say, well, you know, engineering requires new DNA circuits or it requires new nanomaterials, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:12.080 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | you know, what the thing is, we are now moving from old school engineering, which use passive | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:19.120 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | materials, right? That things, you know, wood, metal, things like this, that basically the only | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:24.560 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | thing you could depend on is that they were going to keep their shape. That's it. They don't do | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:28.480 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | anything else. It's on you as an engineer to make them do everything they're going to do. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:31.280 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | And then there were active materials and now computation materials. This is a whole new era. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:35.120 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | These are agential materials. This is you're now collaborating with your substrate because your | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:39.040 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | material has an agenda. These cells have, you know, billions of years of evolution. They have goals. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:43.600 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | They have preferences. They're not just going to sit where you put them. That's hilarious that you | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:51.280 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | have to talk your material into keeping its shape. That's it. That is exactly right. That is exactly | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:54.160 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | right. Stay there. It's like getting a bunch of cats or something and trying to organize the shape | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:11:58.880 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | out of them. It's funny. We're on the same page here because in a paper, this is, this is currently | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:04.400 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | just been accepted in nature by engineering. One of the figures I have is building a tower | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:08.640 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | out of Legos versus dogs, right? So think about the difference, right? If you build out of Legos, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:12.800 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | you have full control over where it's going to go. But if somebody knocks it over, it's game over. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:17.360 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | With the dogs, you cannot just come and stack them. They're not going to stay that way. But | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:22.800 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | the good news is that if you train them, then somebody knocks it over, they'll get right back | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:26.240 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | up. So it's all right. So as an engineer, what you really want to know is what can they depend | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:29.680 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | on this thing to do, right? That's really, you know, a lot of people have definitions of robots | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:33.760 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | as far as what they're made of or how they got here, you know, design versus evolve, whatever. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:37.440 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | I don't think any of that is useful. I think, I think as an engineer, what you want to know is | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:41.360 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | how much can I depend on this thing to do when I'm not around to micromanage it? What level of, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:45.200 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | what level of dependency can I, can I give this thing? How much agency does it have? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:50.960 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | Which then tells you what techniques do you use? So do you use micromanagement, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:54.400 |
Michael Levin: Biology, Life, Aliens, Evolution, Embryogenesis & Xenobots | Lex Fridman Podcast #325 | like you put everything where it goes? Do you train it? Do you give it signals? Do you try | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0325-large.html#00:12:57.360 |
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