question
stringlengths
1
1.57k
exp
stringlengths
1
22.5k
cop
int64
1
4
opa
stringlengths
1
287
opb
stringlengths
1
287
opc
stringlengths
1
286
opd
stringlengths
1
301
subject_name
stringclasses
21 values
topic_name
stringlengths
3
135
id
stringlengths
36
36
choice_type
stringclasses
2 values
Lesion of facial nerve above geniculate ganglion is associated with
The pain of GN is sharp, shooting or burning and can last for hours. Painful attacks can be triggered by cold, noise, swallowing or touch, but triggers are usually unique to the sufferer. Other related symptoms that may be experienced include increased salivation, bitter taste, tinnitus, and veigo. This disorder usuall...
3
Increased lacrimation
Decreased lacrimation
Increased salivation
Hypoacusis
Anatomy
Head and neck
9f3b4985-1813-477a-b2f2-c25ff30ebe26
multi
In full-term neonates, the ductus aeriosus closure is due to
The increasing oxygen saturation and the high aerial po2 causes the muscle of ductus to constrict and eventually closes the ductus aeriosus which eventually becomes ligamentum aeriosum.Anatomical closure of ductus aeriosus occurs within 10 to 25 days.Flow through ductus venosus disappears by the 7th day of postnatal li...
4
Cardiac output
Prostaglandins
Low pressure CO2
Low pressure O2
Pediatrics
All India exam
a0805460-3f81-42c7-a695-3e15a9692b7f
single
True about salivary gland :a) There are more than 400 minor glandsb) 90% of all parotid tumors are malignantc) 90% of minor salivary tumors are malignantd) Superficial paratidectomy done in parotid tumorse) Warthim's tumor common in parotid
While the paired parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands comprise the major salivary glands, the minor salivary glands include approximately 500-1,000 simple tuboalveolar glands distributed throughout the submucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. These glands are predominately mucous secreting. The minor saliva...
1
acde
bde
abcd
abde
Surgery
null
fe6df079-0249-4b6f-83f8-d546127423e5
multi
Typical appearance of Tumour cells and Macrophages on Histological section indicate
Burkitt lymphoma (Appearance: Starry-sky pattern)
4
ALCL
CLL
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Burkitt's lymphoma
Unknown
null
e9df6ea6-8070-4c58-b754-f09c854bdf45
single
All are true regarding kaposi sarcoma except one :
Ans. is 'd' ie Occurs in AIDS pt. only There are at least 4 distinct epidemiological forms of Kaposi's sarcoma, only one form is associated with AIDS.The 4 distinct forms are -The classic form - that occurs in older men of predominantly Mediterranean or Eastern European, Jewish backgrounds.Equatorial African form - tha...
4
Predominent in male
Multicentric origin
Chemotherapy is treatment of choice
Occurs in AIDS pt only
Surgery
Miscellaneous (Neoplasia)
351748ac-8e4f-4c7c-a926-e5550277edf1
multi
IgA nephropathy over expresses:
Ref: style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 0 8px; text-indent: 0; text-align: left">Explanation:Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy or Berger's diseaseIt is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis in the worldIgA nephropathy is charact...
3
CD 51
CD 61
CD 71
CD 81
Pathology
Miscellaneous (Urinary Tract)
6fd7b76e-127c-44b4-a884-a69136815f05
single
Aerial supply to putamen includes all except
It is a branch of internal carotid aery anastomosis with posterior cerebral aery, this is inferior view brain showing circle of Willis Ref: Gray's39e/p-387
4
Medial striate aeries
Lateral striate aeries
Anterior choroidal aery
Posterior communicating aery
Anatomy
Brain
007c6981-b1b4-4541-b39d-e2867ce54cde
multi
All are essential amino acid except
The essential amino acids are Isoleucine, Leucine Threonine Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, and Valine.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students, 7th edition, page no: 27
4
Phenylalanine
Lysine
Leucine
Glycine
Biochemistry
Metabolism of protein and amino acid
449465bf-5345-4ea2-87b7-c21cf015e842
multi
Which of the following helminths primarily pro¬duces gastrointestinal symptoms, without lung involvement, during the course of its infection?
null
3
Dirofilaria immitis
Strongyloides stercoralis
Trichuris trichiura
Ascaris lumbricoides
Unknown
null
52e6031e-f7d4-4454-b810-37ee84547f87
single
During the delivery, it is necessary to do an episiotomy. The tear extends through sphincter of the rectum, but the rectal mucosa is intact. How would you classify this type of perineal tear? NOT RELATED-GYN
A first degree tear involves the vaginal mucosa or perineal skin, but not the underlying tissue. In a second degree episiotomy, the underlying subcutaneous tissue is also involved, but not the rectal sphincter or rectal mucosa. In a third degree tear, the rectal sphincter is affected. A fouh-degree episiotomy involves ...
3
Ist Degree
2nd degree
3rd degree
4th degree
Pharmacology
All India exam
6b8ab3c3-435f-4b0c-94e2-f05df3cbc076
single
A lady presents with headache, recurrent abortions, and cavernous sinus thrombosis. The diagnosis is
(A) APLA CLINICAL FEATURES OF ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY SYNDROMEManifestation%Venous Thrombosis and Related Consequences Deep vein thrombosis39Livedo reticularis24Pulmonary embolism14Superficial thrombophlebitis12Thrombosis in various other sites11Arterial Thrombosis and Related Consequences Stroke20Cardiac valve thick...
1
APLA
Cervical incompetence
Unexplained
Pre eclampsia
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Obs)
a595c108-e75b-4ecb-bab5-e654ec0604ee
single
A 58-year-old woman presents with a 2-month history of abdominal discomfort and dark stools. Physical examination shows pallor but no evidence of jaundice. Laboratory studies disclose a microcytic, hypochromic anemia, with a hemoglobin level of 6.7 g/dL. A barium swallow radiograph reveals a "leather bottle" appearance...
Diffuse adenocarcinoma constitutes10% of all stomach cancers. No true tumor mass is seen macroscopically. Instead, the wall of the stomach is conspicuously thickened and firm, accounting for the radiologic "leather bottle" appearance. When the entire stomach is involved, the term linitis plastica is applied. The invadi...
4
Fungating adenocarcinoma
Gastric leiomyosarcoma
Gastric lymphoma
Linitis plastica
Pathology
G.I.T.
4fddfb2f-46f5-46f0-9050-126298381db9
multi
For frost-bite rewarming, the temperature should be:
For frost-bite rewarming, the temperature should be: 40-44 degree C Gently rewarm frostbitten areas. Soak the frostbitten areas in warm water -- 104-111 degree F (40-44 DEGREE C). If a thermometer isn't available, test the water by placing an uninjured hand or elbow in it -- it should feel very warm -- not hot. Rewarmi...
4
20? C
25? C
37? C
42? C
Surgery
NEET Jan 2020
25d308ce-2651-4a02-ae74-855722215a73
single
Transpyloric plane separates ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypochondrium from lumbar region
2
Hypogastrium from lumbar region
Hypochondrium from lumbar region
Iliac fossa from lumbar region
Umbilical region from lumbar region
Anatomy
null
cd015714-4691-4227-8ec5-0cdacec0ecf4
single
The test used to diagnose Dubin Johnson syndrome is-
A prolonged BSP dye excretion test is diagnostic of Dubin Johnson syndrome BSP is a dye which is removed from circulation by the same mechanism as bilirubin.
1
Bromsulphalein test (BSP)
Scrum transaminases
Hippuratc test
Gamma glutamyl transferase level
Medicine
null
25f6e0fd-4ef5-4d43-8d43-65c2113a54dc
single
Drug of choice for chylamydial trachomatis is: March 2007
Ans. D: Azithromycin Because of higher efficacy, better gastric tolerance and convenient once a day dosing, azithromycin is now preferred over erythromycin as first choice drug for infections such as: Legionnaires' pneumonia Chlamydia trachomatis Donovanosis caused by calymmatobacterium granulomatis Chancroid and PPNg ...
4
Penicilin
Erythromycin
Vancomycin
Azithromycin
Pharmacology
null
63659eca-ea73-413a-956a-99c48a869609
single
Ovulation can be diagnosed by all except
Tests for ovulation: Basal body temperature, Endometrial biopsy, Fern test, and ultrasound. But plasma concentration of progesterone rises only after ovulation and reaches its the peak of 15ng/ml by mid-luteal phase.
1
Measuring day 14 serum progesterone
Rise in basal body temperature in the second half of cycle
Study of cervical mucus
Endometrial histology
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
7dca0373-f4f1-4f54-9512-35f1dade70ab
multi
A boy undergoes eye surgery under day care anesthesia with succinyl choline and propofol and after 8 hours he stas walking and develops muscle pain. What is the cause?
This is most probably postoperative myalgia associated with succinyl choline. Myalgia: Postoperative skeletal muscle pain, which is paicularly prominent in the skeletal muscles of the neck, side and abdomen can occur. Most possible cause unsynchronized contraction of skeletal muscle (fasciculation).
3
Early mobilization
Due to the effects of eye surgery
Succinyl choline
Propofol
Anaesthesia
Neuromuscular Blocker
9d35d78d-7550-4efd-ab3e-2917a4f5fae9
single
Tinea pedis is caused by which of the following ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., E. floccosum T. pedis is caused by E. floccosum and T. rubrum.
1
E. floccosum
M.furfur
M.canis
E.werneckii
Microbiology
null
8387a8ee-efb8-44ba-af76-cbfed3233691
single
What is PULP cap?
null
2
Capping of the exposed vital pulp with a thin layer of inert lining or base material
Capping of exposed vital pulp tissue by placing a layer of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) or calcium hydroxide
A method of isolation used during root canal treatment
An early stage of tooth development
Dental
null
fb9ee276-dcd5-4ad3-add6-62f461dbe787
single
Treatment of choice for SIADH is ?
null
4
Lithium carbonate
Demeclocycline
Vasopressin
Hypertonic Saline
Pharmacology
null
28f4a281-d98f-4d74-ba44-8c3864c365be
single
All of the following about 'herd immunity' are true, except:
A herd structure includes the population belong to the herd species, the presence and distribution of altered animal hosts and possible insect vector as well as those environmental and social factors that our or inhibit the spread of infection from host to host. This herd structure can never be constant as it is subjec...
4
Spread of epidemic is influenced by it
Can be acquired by immunisation
It is mostly due to sub-clinical infection
Herd structure is constant
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
e5472917-b4f9-438c-a659-e5ad0444d685
multi
Aerial O2 content is reduced in one of the following
the anemic type, in which the amount of functional hemoglobin is too small, and hence the capacity of the blood to carry oxygen is too low Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 353,354,355
2
Stagnant hypoxia
Anemic hypoxia
Histotoxic hypoxia
Ischemic hypoxia
Physiology
Respiratory system
ea14bf4a-aa91-49e3-9dba-3103b94583e1
single
A patient is admitted with 3rd episode of deep venous thrombosis. There is no history of any associated medial illness. All of the following investigations are required for establishing the diagnosis except
It is a cqpillary vascular malformation also called as naevus simplex. Commonly seen in 40% of new borns. It is present at bih,usually involves nape of neck,face,scalp,limbs. With age,it goes for spontaneous regression and disappears completely,usually in one year.
1
Antibodies to factor VIII
Antibodies to cardiolipin
Antithrombin II deficiency
Protein C deficiency
Surgery
Vascular surgery
d5842784-949f-45db-b0b8-33dbfd3fee9f
multi
Otolith organs are concerned with the function of?
Otolith organs: Utricle and saccule are the otolith organs. Their Sensory epithelium is called maculae. They are concerned with linear acceleration-deceleration. They sense the position of the head with respect to gravity. Otoliths: They are crystals of calcium carbonate located on the otolithic membrane present in the...
3
Oculovestibular reflex
Rotary nystagmus
Linear acceleration
Angular acceleration
ENT
null
dc35ce8f-4581-4c57-ad35-3eaf949618f6
single
Intractable diarrhoea in children is caused by all except-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Giardiasis Intractable diarrhea o Intractable diarrhea is defined as, chronic or recurring diarrhea not obviously or early diagnosed as to etiology. o Chronic diarrhea is defined as diarrhea lasting > 4 weeks. Intractable diarrhea is caused by ? o Cystic fibrosis o Congenital enterokinase & Trypsinoge...
2
Cystic fibrosis
Giardiasis
Secreting tumors
Milk allergy
Pediatrics
null
9e032d5c-5606-4ef8-9a6e-59a6fc150b40
multi
A 11-year-old boy came with history of cough for 15 days. On examination he was found to have cervical lymphadenopathy. The lymph node biopsy is shown below. Which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?
Cavitation occurs only in secondary tuberculosis. Both primary and secondary tuberculosis are characterized bycaseating granulomas, often with Langhans giant cells, which heal by scarring and calcification. The skin test result for tuberculin sensitivity is positive in both forms.
1
Tuberculosis
Leprosy
Sarcoidosis
Syphilis
Pathology
NEET Jan 2020
f62de10a-2874-4e17-a616-ea94be87cd30
single
Definitive host of ascariasis
Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 1413* Ascaris lumbricoidesis the largest intestinal nematode parasite of humans, reaching up to 40cm in length.* Humans are definitive host of ascaris* Clinical disease arises from larval migration in the lungs or effects of the adult worms in the intestines.* Clinical Features:# Around, 9-...
2
Dog
Man
Pig
Monkey
Microbiology
Mycology
5a49df35-f138-4dca-aa8a-87d2f4656a9e
single
A male child presents with repeated urinary infections and failure to gain weight. A MCU was carried out as shown in plate, most probable diagnosis is?
a. Posterior urethral valve(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2562-2567, Ghai 8/e p 485-486)Voiding cystourethrogram in an infant with posterior urethral valves showing the dilation of the prostatic urethra and the transverse linear filling defect corresponding to the valves.
1
Posterior urethral valve
Meatal stenosis
Bladder diverticula
Bladder polyp
Pediatrics
Kidney
a2b10a38-64ba-49b9-ade5-33cd060ba460
single
TRUE statement regarding ileum is:
B. i.e. Lymphatic patch along antimesenteric border
2
Tongue shaped villi in the lumen
Lymphatic patch along antimesenteric border
Supplied by inferior mesenteric vessels
Joins caecum at anterior surface.
Anatomy
null
9465ec63-1afd-4609-b309-97282b3fca1b
multi
Which of the following statements regarding barbiturates is accurate?
(Ref: KDT 6/e p391, 394) Barbiturates are acidic drugs. These are ionized in the alkaline urine and thus cannot be reabsorbed. Alkalinization of urine can be used to accelerate the elimination of barbiturates in poisoning.Other differences between benzodiazepines and barbiturates include.
3
Benzodiazepines exhibit a steeper dose response relationship as compared to barbiturates
Barbiturates may increase the half lives of drugs metabolized by the liver
Alkalization of the urine will accelerate the elimination of phenobarbital
Respiratory depression caused by barbiturate overdosage can be reversed by flumazenil
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
7bc2d0f1-f314-4fda-9f9e-628f5bdf7cd7
multi
About tuberculoid leprosy, false is –
How can cell mediated immunity (CMI) be increased in leprosy infection. It is decreased in leprosy. Tuberculoid leprosy has minimum decrease in CMI (maximally preserved CMI), where as lepromatous leprosy has maximum decrease in CMI.
2
CMI is depressed
CMI is increased
A single anesthetic patch
None
Dental
null
9e0cb47d-0aaa-41e5-b0f9-9ad31ab47530
multi
The best indicator for monitoring the impact of Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme is:
Neonatal hypothyroidism
3
Prevalence of goiter among school children
Urinary iodine levels among pregnant women
Neonatal hypothyroidism
Iodine level in soil
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
9b344b22-de1c-4ab4-8a01-8d8e9d33f471
single
FADH2 enters ETC via which complex?
FADH2 enters ETC via Complex II (Succinate Q Reductase) and hence generates only 1.5 molecules of ATP. (NADH generates 2.5 ATPs)
2
Complex I
Complex II
Complex III
Complex IV
Biochemistry
null
85d92d7c-82ca-45a5-90d2-04fc7728e1ae
single
Which of the following ilineses increases the risk of developing tuberculosis ?
Because silica is cytotoxic to alveolar macrophages,patients with silicosis are at greater risk of acquiring lung infections that involve these cells as a primary defense(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,atypical mycobacteria and fungi).Because of the increased risk of active tuberculosis,the recommended treatment of latent ...
4
Anthracosis
Berylliosis
Sarcoidosis
Silicosis
Medicine
Respiratory system
d596ddf9-97ce-407f-ba83-93b4804525a6
single
In a middle aged male having back pain, syndesmophytes involving4 continous vertebrae are seen on Xray. The patient has -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ankylosing spondylitiso Back pain with syndesmatophytes in a middle aged man suggest the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis.Ankylosing spondylitis (marie-strumpell disease)o Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease of the sacroiliac joints and the axial skeleton,o Prototyp...
2
DISH
Ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Orthopaedics
Arthritis
d59acfff-80b8-4e25-adb1-33bac1705850
single
Acute Hepatitis can be earliest diagnosed by -
null
1
IgM anti HBc ab
Hbs Ag
IgG anti HBc abs
Anti HBs ab
Microbiology
null
82ae1911-d068-4eb2-900f-dd26ef83b107
single
In acute organophosphorus poisoning which of the following is seen :
B i.e. Edematous lung
2
Dry lungs
Edematous lungs
Pneumonia
All
Forensic Medicine
null
6ed6a70c-2adf-4ef2-9ba2-28c0e6ffe58b
multi
Vasanthi 45 years, was brought to casualty with abnormal movements which included persistent detion of neck to right side one day before she was prescribed Haloperidol 5 mgs three times daily from the psychiatry OPD. She also had an altercation with her husband recently. Which of the following is the most likely cause ...
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acute drug dystonia o Persistent detion of neck (Toicollis) after one day of taking haloperidol is a feature of acture muscular dystonia (acute drug dystonia). Acute muscular dystonia o Bizarre muscle spasms mostly involving linguo-facial muscles --> grimacing, tongue thrusting, toicollis, locked jaw....
1
Acute drug dystonia
Conversion reaction
Acute psychosis
Cerebrovascular accident
Pharmacology
null
3336084f-019a-4fa9-9e2a-c6746ec75131
single
The oxidation of 1 mol of the C16 fatty acid, palmitate, generates how many ATP molecules?
Total ATP formed (mol)/mol palmitate - 108 Total ATP used (mol)/mol palmitate – 2  Net  ATP generated - 106
3
112
108
106
120
Biochemistry
null
7e9f9526-1ed6-4e26-b6c7-8f7106d22895
single
Where is torus aorticus located -
Ans. is ,'b' i.e., Right atrium o Torus aorticus is a buldge in the right atrial septum sited superiorly and anteriorly,o It is produced due to adjacent nonocoronary aortic sinus at the base of ascending aorta,o It is superior to coronary sinus and anterior to fossa ovalis.
2
Left atrium
Right atrium
Aorta
Left ventricle
Anatomy
Cardiovascular System
815df1f0-1c76-4859-8f63-91ec8d48dba7
single
Aldosterone secretion is maximally stimulated by?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., HyperkalemiaMineralocoicoid secretion is stimulated by hyperkalemia, angiotensin-H, ACTH and hyponatremia, in reducing order of efficacy.1) Aldosterone secretion in response to hyperkalemia is the most impoant and forms the basis for renal regulation of body potassium balance.2) Stimulation of aldoste...
1
Hyperkalemia
ACTH
Hypernatremia
Exogenous steroids
Physiology
null
8ba96e09-4759-4cc7-be19-a7296c46133f
multi
Wilson disease is due to accumulation of: September 2005
Ans. A: Copper In Wilson disease, main sites of copper accumulation are the liver and the brain, and consequently liver disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms are the main features that lead to diagnosis. Liver disease may present as tiredness, increased bleeding tendency or confusion (due to hepatic encephalopathy) and...
1
Copper
Iron
Zinc
Nickel
Pathology
null
4160af86-e6d2-41a1-be50-8d4c46224aee
single
Test available for AIDS virus detection includes -
Ans: D
4
Karpas test
Western blot test
ELISA test
All of the above
Unknown
null
6995c404-1048-4540-a5ae-1d96a21f3de1
multi
Dentin Protection during cavity restoration is most important when the "remaining dentin thickness" is:
null
4
1 — 2mm
1.5 mm
0.5 — 1mm
0.5 mm
Dental
null
c230fc69-dc47-4681-a470-8527b527cd36
single
Immunization schedule after dog bite ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 90
2
0, 7, 21
0, 3, 7, 14, 28, 90
0, 3
None
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
3466ca3f-e9bf-4cdf-9773-6b8a720fa9d8
multi
Reason associated with the formation of pulp polyp:
Hyper pulpitis Hyperplastic pulpitis (pulp polyp) is a form of irreversible pulpitis that originates from overgrowth of a chronically inflamed young pulp onto the occlusal surface. It is usually found in carious of young patients. Ample vascularity of the young pulp, adequate exposure for drainage, and tissue prolifera...
4
Ample vascularity of the young pulp.
Adequate exposure for drainage.
Tissue proliferation.
All of the above.
Dental
null
4d3e605a-8c27-443b-b65c-455d3ecd927b
multi
All are predominant arteriolar dilators, EXCEPT
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Na Nitroprusside
4
Diazoxide
Minoxidil
Hydralazine
Na nitroprusside
Pharmacology
Anti-Hypertensive
7b8d3d44-2ada-49dd-b0bc-47783dde9edc
multi
True about fatty acid synthesis
Reactions that take place in Mitochondrion TCA cycle/ Citric acid cycle Beta oxidation of fatty acids Ketogenesis Respiratory chain Part of Gluconeogenesis & Urea cycle  Cytosol Glycolysis/EMP Pentose phosphate pathway Fatty acid synthesis Part of Gluconeogenesis & Urea cycle Glycogenolysis
2
Occurs in mitochondria
Occurs in cytosol
Occurs in endoplasmic reticulum
Occurs in ribosomes
Physiology
null
fc0412c5-dff7-48bc-9fca-0b16dcdb0c0e
multi
Which is a gram negative anaerobic bacteria: September 2007
Ans. B: Bacteroides
2
Streptococci
Bacteroides
Actinomyces
Clostridium welchii
Microbiology
null
6f60d7aa-5282-46bf-84d7-e6307dbecff5
single
You are testing knee jerk reflex in a patient. The afferents in deep tendon reflexes are carried by:
Ans. a. Dynamic intrafusal fibers
1
Dynamic intrafusal fibers
Golgi tendon organ
Nuclear bag and static chain fibers
Both Golgi tendon and muscle spindle
Surgery
null
b4d46481-9e36-46b5-a781-3527a4f69f7c
multi
Primary ossification centre of all bones of lower limb forms by
Primary ossification centre of all bones of lower limb forms by 12 weeks
3
8 weeks
10 weeks
12 weeks
14 weeks
Anatomy
General anatomy
ecef861a-301f-4f40-8bab-c909dfcac4d3
multi
Interosseous membrane between radius and ulna is pierced by which structure
Anterior interosseous aery pierces the interosseous membrane at the upper border of pronator quadratus to enter the extensor compament. Posterior interosseous aery passes through a gap above the interosseous membrane to the back of forearm . Anterior interosseous nerve is the branch of median nerve. Posterior interosse...
4
Posterior interosseus nerve
Posterior interosseus aery
Anterior interosseus nerve
Anterior interosseus aery
Anatomy
Upper limb
ab84350a-e57a-4258-8392-046b9cd9e27a
single
Which of the following is TRUE about an 'essential drug'?
Essential drugs are defined by the World Health Organization as those that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population and that therefore should be available at all times in adequate amounts and in the appropriate dosage and forms. The criteria of essential drugs includes established efficacy and sa...
2
Drugs that has been developed specifically to treat a rare medical condition
Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of the majority of the population
Those drugs that satisfy the health care needs of at least 50% of the population
Drug that is to be used within first hour of the acute attack of the disease
Pharmacology
null
1e0ed066-e58d-46f3-8bf5-123bb03258b1
multi
Amylase increased in pleural fluid is seen in following except -
null
1
Rheumatoid arthritis
Esophageal perforation
Malignancy
Gall stone pancreatitis
Medicine
null
e9f6693e-d867-4d59-abd1-6ec609a64fac
multi
In acute diverticulitis of the colon, the sigmoidoscopic finding is -
null
1
Mucosa is inflammed
Minute diverticuli seen
Saw toothed appearance
Sigmoidoscope cannot be passed beyond 15 cm
Surgery
null
b965923b-59b2-4d96-8cb4-53034e786fdf
single
An agent added to local anaesthetics to speed the onset of action is :
null
2
Methylparaben
Bicarbonate
Fentanyl
Adrenaline
Pharmacology
null
a2406289-2de3-488a-a94e-1885dcb8fdb9
single
Framingham hea study is -
Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition. Framingham study- coho study- the study is identified prior to the appearance of the disease . It proceeds forward from cause to effect. Framingham study- has played a major role in establishing the nature of CHD risk factors and their relative impoance .
2
Case-control study
Coho study
Cross-sectional study
None
Social & Preventive Medicine
Non communicable diseases
0e891246-557d-4858-b0fb-6faa1e058ccd
multi
Most useful investigation in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis -
null
1
Ketonemia
pH of blood
Urinary sugar
Urine ketone
Medicine
null
6ddc7b7a-2e4c-45ce-bf26-055eed581772
single
Which of the following graft resembles TMJ morphologically, structurally, functionally, histologically:
null
3
Costocondral graft.
Calvarial graft.
Sternoclavicular graft.
Metatarsal graft.
Surgery
null
24641989-5c5a-415f-acc8-b22658820fb8
multi
A 34-year-old woman presents with copious vaginal discharge with foul odour. Discharge is gray in color, microscopic examination reveals clue cells. The treatment of choice is:-
BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS A fishy vaginal odor, which is paicularly noticeable following coitus. Vaginal secretions are gray and thinly coat the vaginal walls. The pH of these secretions is higher than 4.5 (usually 4.7 to 5.7). Microscopy of the vaginal secretions reveals an increased number of clue cells, and leukocytes are...
3
Azithromycin
Fluconazole
Metronidazole
Clotrimazole
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Genital Tract Infections (Too hot to handle!)
196cc10c-afff-4f6c-b629-efd574a1f473
single
Modality that is lost on the ipsilateral side in Brown sequard syndrome is
In Brown sequard syndrome, a hemisection of the spinal cord results in -        Sensory Loss of Ipsilateral dorsal column sensations- Proprioception, vibration, fine touch, Kinesthesia. Loss of contralateral lateral column sensations- Pain, temperature -        Motor Loss of ipsilateral corticospinal action- result...
4
Pain
Temperature
Crude touch
Proprioception
Physiology
null
447d95e1-9b97-40fc-8df6-b78f7ab89c58
single
All of the following structures pass through aoic opening in the diaphragm, EXCEPT ?
Azygos vein pass to the right and thoracic duct passes to the left of aoa through its opening in the diaphragm. Accessory hemiazygos vein and hemiazygos veins pass behind the aoa and thoracic duct to join the azygos vein opposite the seventh and eighth thoracic thoracic veebral bodies. Aoic opening in the diaphragm lie...
2
Azygos vein
Rt. phrenic nerve
Thoracic duct
Accessory Hemiazygos vein
Anatomy
null
1513d65e-ca0e-4932-bf21-537b9f77b375
multi
Streptococci with butterscotch or caramel odour is
S.angionosus produce small colonies which give off a distinct odour of butterscotch or caramel.
4
S.pyogenes
S.agalactiae
S.pneumoniae
S.angionosus
Microbiology
null
a8236df1-8f44-4e5d-9b95-aee705324ecf
single
Shortest pelvic diameter is-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Bispinous Diameters of female pelvisInleto Antero-posterior diameter (true conjugate, anatomical conjugate, conjugate vera- 11cm)Distance between midpoint of sacral promontory to inner margin of upper border of symphysis pubis.o Obstetric conjugate (10 cm)Distance between midpoint of sacral promontory...
1
Bispinous
Oblique
Transverse
Anteroposterior
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Fetal Skull and Maternal Pelvis
71be6751-48a8-4248-b379-75f57c2e2626
single
Sacrospinous fixation is for strengthening:
Ans. A. Apical defecta. Sacrospinous ligament fixation: - The main indication for sacrospinous ligament fixation is to correct total procidentia or post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse with an associated weak cardinal uterosacral ligament complex and to correct post hysterectomy enterocele. The contraindication for...
1
Apical defect
Posterior defect
Lateral defect
Anterior defect
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Operative Obs
127f625a-671b-472a-849c-6c0e84aa3531
single
Councilman bodies are seen in:
Councilman bodies are seen in Acute viral hepatitis Hepatocyte apoptosis is an active form of "programmed" cell death resulting in hepatocyte shrinkage, Nuclear chromatin condensation (pyknosis), fragmentation (karyorrhexis), and cellular fragmentation into acidophilic apoptotic bodies. Apoptotic hepatocytes have often...
3
Wilson disease
Alcoholic hepatitis
Acute viral hepatitis
Autoimmune hepatitis
Pathology
Hepatitis
f4e5874f-fb82-4d70-b71a-f4ea4da6e44e
single
A 50 year old female is admitted with abdominal pain and anuria. Radiological studies revealed bilateral impacted ureteric stones with hydronephrosis. Urine analysis showed RBCs with pus cells in urine. Serum creatinine level was 16 mg/dl and urea level was 200 mmol/1. Which of the following should be the immediate tre...
This is the best modality of treatment to immediately reve anuria in patients with bilateral obstructing renal stone. Stenting can be done in other scenarios such as pyelonephritis due to obstructed stone, severe renal colic, long term obstruction. Ref: Urinary Stone Disease : The Practical Guide to Medical and Surgica...
2
Hemodialysis
'J' stent drainage
Lithotripsy
Ureteroscopic removal of stones
Surgery
null
9e1dba21-e2db-4755-9977-9ee3316ebcac
single
A 4 year boy complaining of pain around elbow which is held in pronation with extension and normal X ray. What is the probable diagnosis?
ANSWER: (A) Pulled elbowREF: Apley s 8th ed p. 603Nursemaid's elbow, Babysitter's elbow or Pulled elbow is a dislocation of the elbow joint caused by a sudden pull on the extended pronated arm, such as by an adult tugging on an uncooperative child, or swinging the child by the arms during play The technical term for th...
1
Pulled elbow
Montegia fracture
Cellulitis
None of the above
Orthopaedics
Injuries Around Shoulder
1dd90da6-8ea2-4190-91a2-6df219267ddb
multi
True statement about calcium :
A i.e. Absorbed in upper small intestineThe body of young adult contains - 1100gm (27.5mol) of Ca; 90% of it is in skeleton. The plasma calcium, is normally about 10gm/dL (5meq/ L, 2.5 mmol / L)Q, of which 50% is ionized. The remainder is bound ionically to negative charged proteins (predominantly albumin & immunoglobi...
1
Absorbed in upper small intestine
Absorbed in lower small intestine
Absorption increased by alkaline pH
All
Physiology
null
48843b6c-c7ef-4401-8099-1149a2feab34
multi
A female has history of 6 weeks amenorrhoea, USG shows no sac, serum beta HCG-1000 IU/L. What would be next management?
Repeat HCG after 48 hrs Ectopic pregnancy Pregnancy is definitely diagnosed by demonstrating intrauterine sac. A normal intrauterine sac appears regular and well defined on ultrasound. So ectopic pregnancy can be diagnosed by demonstrating the absence of the intrauterine sac. In a woman in whom ectopic pregnancy is sus...
2
Medical management
Repeat HCG after 48 hours
Repeat HCG after 1 weeks
None of the above
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
bf2af291-3d61-4811-8957-888f799b2831
multi
A 25 year old woman suffering from bilateral hearing loss for 6 year which became profound with pregnancy. On tympanogram which of the following curve is obtained
Ans. is 'b' i.e. As Bilateral painless hearing loss in 25 yr. old female accentuated with pregnancy is suggestive of otosclerosis or otospongiosis Tympanometry shows As curve due to ossicular stiffness.TympanometryIs based on the principle of reflection of sound energywhen sound strikes tympanic membrane, some of the s...
2
Ad
As
B
A
ENT
Otosclerosis
8faed5fd-cd39-4008-ad02-0c80d13993ab
single
All are true about Pseudomonas aeruginosa Except
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Grows in antiseptic solution- cetrimide , dettol and soap solution.Most commonly found in burns patients and nosocomial infections and not endogenous infectionsReference: Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology; 27th edition; Chapter 16; Pseudomonads and Acinetobacter
4
Strict aerobe
Grows in antiseptic solution
Most commonly found in burns patients
Causes endogenous infections
Microbiology
Bacteriology
944b493e-dd04-4422-ad6c-8cd2cb8140c2
multi
A young man with blurring of vision in right eye,followed by left eye after 3 months, showing disc hyperemia, edema, circumpapillary telangiectasia with normal pupillary response with centrocecal scotoma on perimetry, the cause is-
The characteristic presentation of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy is blurring affecting the central visual field of one eye in young adult male; similar symptoms appear in the other eye an average of two to three months late. This sequential appearance of symptoms in young adult is quite characteristic for leber '...
4
Typical optic neuritis
Acute Papilledema
Toxic optic neuropathy
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
Ophthalmology
null
d66d5e59-731a-4632-a5c5-fbf5749b79f4
single
5 HIAA in urine is due to:
Ans. B. Carcinoid syndromeIn Pheochromocytoma VMA is excreted in excess in urine.In Carcinoid syndrome 5 HIAA is excreted in excess in urine.In PKU Phenyl Ketones like Phenyl acetate and Phenyl Pyruvate is excreted in urine.In Alkaptonuria Homogentisate is excreted in urine.
2
Pheochromocytoma
Carcinoid syndrome
Phenyl ketonuria
Alkaptonuria
Biochemistry
Proteins and Amino Acids
e1bd543f-ec4e-4e4f-b85b-163d1b8902c2
single
Unilateral renal agenesis is associated with:
Malformations associated with unilateral renal agenesis are: Single umbilical aery Contralateral vesicoureteric reflux Absent ureter Absent ipsilateral vas deferens.
3
Polycystic disease of pancreas
Hiatus Hernia
Single umbilical aery
Hypogonadism
Pediatrics
congenital anomalies of kidney
71e6266b-985c-4ac0-82b5-52105d544bf3
single
Which of the following is not done in carcinoma esophagus?
CARCINOMA ESOPHAGUS: Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus usually affects the upper two thirds;whereas, adenocarcinoma usually affects lower third of esophagus. Tobacco, alcohol, GERD & Obesity are some of the common etiological features. Bad prognosis if lymph nodes are involved. The most common presenting symptom is ...
2
Biopsy
pH - metry/monitoring
CT chest
PET scan
Surgery
FMGE 2018
3f424d9f-4eda-4bb7-aec5-1e6d8c0357b9
single
Which one of the following drug may be used for prevention of relapse of P. vivax infection :
null
2
Chloroquine
Primaquine
Atovaquone
Tetracycline
Pharmacology
null
535c49f3-e799-4d82-aa94-934f004bddc6
single
All are complications of hydatid cyst in the liver except:
Ans. (c) CirrhosisComplications of Hydatid Cyst:* MC- Rupture into biliary tree (Communicating cyst)* Rupture into bronchial tree* Rupture into Peritoneum, Pleura or Pericardial Cavities* Obstruction of Biliary tract with hydatid can result in Jaundice* Infection and Pus formation* No chance for Malignancy or Cirrhosis...
3
Jaundice
Suppuration
Cirrhosis
Rupture
Surgery
Liver
5c35eb7e-24bc-465e-8beb-bdf4cc5ef513
multi
Hepatitis C virus is associated with :
Answer is A (Anti-LKM antibody): Hepatitis C is associated with Anti-LKM antibodies. Hepatitis C may possibly also be associated with cryoglobulinemia but in view of its definite association with anti-LKM antibodies, this is the single best answer. LKM antibodies stand for antibodies against Liver-Kidney microsomes. LK...
1
Anti LKM antibody
Scleroderma
Cryoglobulinemia
Polyaeritis nodosa
Medicine
null
12f7ca11-82f3-440d-a045-59c50c66b75d
single
A 1-year-old todler presents with a 2 day history of fever, vomiting, and watery, nonbloody diarrhea. On physical exam, she appears dehydrated. Which of the following best describes the most likely infecting organism?
Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children between 3 months and 2 years of age. It is most prevalent in the winter. Rotavirus, one of the reoviruses, looks like a wheel (which ROTAtes) and possesses a double-shelled icosahedral capsid with no envelope. Its genome consists of 11 segments of double...
3
It has a complex double-stranded DNA genome
It has a paially double-stranded circular DNA genome
It has a segmented, double-stranded RNA genome
It has a single-stranded circular RNA genome
Microbiology
null
2dcc2e22-d5f4-464b-b84a-b1a78002c090
multi
Number of line angles in class 4 cavity:
null
3
8
6
11
14
Dental
null
b476b324-9d94-4028-94d9-53a5a47dd149
single
Glucogenic amino acid is ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Glutamine Glucogenic Alanine Arginine Aspargine Aspaic acid Cysteine Glutamine Glutamic acid Glycine Histidine Methionine Proline Serine Threonine Valine Ketogenic Leucine Lysine Both glucogenic & ketogenic Isoleucine Phenylalaine Tyrosine Tryptophan Note : According to Harper 29th/e (P-282), lysine i...
3
Leucine
Leucine
Glutamine
None
Biochemistry
null
4a84e63c-b069-41dd-a04e-457ca64b0f42
multi
Which of the following is derived from ectoderm
Neural crest cells forms peripheral nervous system ENDODERM - gives epithelial lining of respiratory & gastro intestinal tracts, biliary system, bladder & urethra. MESODERM (mesenchyme) : i). Paraxial mesenchyme(somite's & somitomeres) : Forms * sclerotome - veebrae & poions of neurocranium & axial skeleton. * myotome ...
3
Spleen
Gall bladder
CNS
Lung epithelium
Anatomy
DNB 2018
53c50cb7-eaeb-459c-9182-cf4cc18db736
multi
Functional matrix theory suggests that the determinant growth of skeletal tissues resides in:
null
4
Skeletal
Sutures
Cartilages
Non-skeletal tissues
Dental
null
ba67790a-b5af-4e62-a581-6683d853e059
single
A young man with pulmonary tuberculosis presents with massive recurrent hemoptysis. For angiographic treatment, which vascular structure should be evaluated first:
B i.e. Bronchial aery In 95% of cases of massive recurrent hemoptysis, the source of blood are systemic bronchial aeryQ rather than pulmonaryaery; So these are the vascular structures which should be evaluated first. Type of Bleeding Source - Hemoptysis - Bronchial aeryQ - Epidural hemorrhage - Middle meningeal aeryQ -...
2
Pulmonary aery
Bronchial aery
Pulmonary vein
Superior vena cava
Radiology
null
62b4bca1-4dc8-40e3-8da9-416ca37b58bd
single
True about iron absorption are all except
Vitamin C has been shown to enhance iron absorption. It captures non-heme iron and stores it in a form that's more easily absorbed by your body ( 3 ). Foods high in vitamin C include citrus fruits, dark green leafy vegetables, bell peppers, melons and strawberries Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 ...
4
Major site of absorption is duodenum
Stored as ferritin
Absorbed in ferrous form
Pancreatic secretion improves the absorption
Physiology
G.I.T
fb4cfbf2-7bff-4d09-94ad-207b0ccbdb7f
multi
Vector for dengue fever is: September 2006
Ans. B: Aedes Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are acute febrile diseases which occur in the tropics, can be life-threatening, and are caused by four closely related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. It is also known as breakbone fever. The reservoir for infection is both man ...
2
Culex
Aedes
Male Anopheles
Female Anopheles
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
f1ef4a82-af68-4e0d-a9dc-eb8add2e1716
single
Most common tumor in Infant-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hemangioma o Overall hemangioma is most common Tumor in infant,o Hemangioma is usually benign in Nature,o Leukemia is most common malignancy in pediatric age gyp.Leukemia i lymphoma=40%CNS Tumor=30%Embryonal & Sarcoma=10%o 2nd most common is CNS Tumor (30%)o Hemangioma (3 types):(1) CapillaiySalmon pa...
1
Hemangioma
Brain tumor
Leukemia
Ewing sarcoma
Pediatrics
Leukemias and Lymphoma
18eb1110-fc92-4c1e-b5cd-e01a36e7f6d3
single
which of the following beta blocker is contraindicated in renal failure ?
betablockers not given in renal failure : betaxolol acebutolol nadolol atenolol nebivolol ref : kd tripathi 8th ed
1
betaoxolol
celiprolol
pindolo
labetelol
Pharmacology
All India exam
dab9ca72-71f6-4f95-ba65-972a6e1927fb
single
Recurrent chalazion is predisposed to develop which of the following type of malignancy?
Recurrent chalazion can predispose to the development of adenocarcinoma. Chalazion is a sterile, focal, chronic inflammation of the eyelid that results from obstruction of a meibomian or Zeis gland. It is commonly associated with rosacea and posterior blepharitis. They point towards the conjunctival surface and if its ...
3
Squamous cell carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Epidermoid Carcinoma
Ophthalmology
null
fd6052f3-daae-495a-a021-3aad2bb99b7f
single
>102 colony forming unit per ml of urine is significant in ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e.,Suprapubic aspiration The number of bacteria taken as significant bacteriuria varies depending upon the type of sample -Suprapubic aspiration of bladder -102 colony-forming units (CFU) per ml.In-out catheterization of bladder 4 >103 CFU/mlClean void urine >104 CFU/mlCarefully, collected urine in bag (u...
1
Suprapubic aspiration
In-out caterization
Per uretheral catheterization
Clean void urine
Microbiology
null
08a0bd9c-8d65-45bf-bd2b-59b7188fb7d1
single
In post burn paitent , true is
In, burn there is destruction of red blood cells, which leads to hyperkalemia, Due to loss of fluid, perfusion of the organs also decreases this will lead to metabolic acidosis.
3
Hypokalemic alkalosis
Hyperkalemic alkalosis
Hyperkalemic acidosis
Hypokalemic acidosis
Anatomy
General surgery
f45147a4-ea23-4111-b77d-fa4a15ecd8bf
multi
A 50 years old female is admitted with abdominal pain and anuria. Radiological studies revealed: bilateral impacted ureteric stones with hydronephrosis. Urine analysis showed RBCs with pus cells in urine. Serum creatinine level was 16 mg/dL and urea level was 200 mmol/L. Which of the following should be the immediate t...
Ans. (b) 'j' stent drainage* Prompt drainage of the obstructed urinary system by double) stent is the TOC in patients with renal failure.* Hemodialysis is advised only if the renal recovery is prolonged.
2
Hemodialysis
'j' stent drainage
Lithotripsy
Ureteroscopic removal of stones
Surgery
Kidney & Ureturs
4e2cd1a9-d83f-4e8c-b5a4-6430aacabe55
single
Fundus of stomach is supplied by which of the following artery:
Ans. B Splenic arteryRef: Clinically Oriented Anatomy by Keith, Moore, 5th ed. pg. 252-253* The stomach has a rich arterial supply arising from the celiac trunk and its branches.* Most blood is supplied by anastomoses formed along the lesser curvature by the right and left gastric arteries, and along the greater curvat...
2
Celiac trunk
Splenic artery
Left gastric artery
Left gastroepiploic artery
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
7bdb5358-f08a-487d-9d03-a271a9bcae2c
single
Function of umbilical vein is:
Umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood to embryo
2
Carry oxygenated blood away from the fetus
Carry oxygenated blood towards the fetus
Carry deoxygenated blood away from the fetus
Carry deoxygenated blood towards the fetus
Anatomy
null
4282f9f4-7626-4bd2-95c7-72efb83449d8
single
Most common complication of dermoid cyst is -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Torsion Complications of dermoid cyst:o Torsion is the most common complication occurring in Dermoid cyst. Because of the fat content of the cyst, it is lighter than other ovarian tumors and therefore easily torsioned. Almost 15% of dermoid cysts undergo torsion.o Malignant transformation develops onl...
2
Cyst Rupture
Torsion
Malignant degeneration
None of the above
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Ovary
e4a26e31-6db9-4a01-88eb-788434d5da0d
multi
Iris bombe occurs with
C i.e. Ring synechiae Annular posterior synechia/ Ring synechia are 360deg adhesion of pupillary margin to anterior capsuldial lens. Thus preventing circulation of aquous humor from posterior chamber to anterior chamber (seclusio pupillae)Q. So the aqueus collects behind the iris & pushes it anteriory like a sail lit I...
3
Posterior complete synechiae
Anterior complete synechiae
Ring synechiae
Angle block glaucoma
Ophthalmology
null
3a59224f-ad68-4b94-ad61-b0bcebfcfca7
single
Wax used in inlay cast metal fabrication
null
2
Casting wax
Inlay wax
Sticky wax
Utility wax
Dental
null
2ba6790f-b4ac-4de5-a235-7a28f030e590
single
The central nebular corneal opacity is easily treated with –
Central nebular opacity is treated by phototherapeutic keratectomy with excimer laser (treatment of choice) or lamellar keratoplasty.
1
Lamellar keratoplasty
Penetrating keratoplasty
Gas permeable contact lens
Soft contact lens
Ophthalmology
null
cc93d19f-16ce-41a8-95d1-89e96dcf07e3
single