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Difference between incised wound and heat rupture oring heat rupture are: AI 09 | Ans. Nerves and vessels are visible in floor | 3 | Margins well-defined | Small and multiple wounds | Nerves and vessels are visible in floor | Seen only over scalp | Forensic Medicine | null | e1dbc834-f629-41c4-8cc9-a6d03ecf7981 | multi |
Soft tick transmits - | Vector Diseases transmitted Soft tick Relapsing fever, Q fever, KFD (outside India) Hard tick Tularemia, Babesiosis, KFD (India), Tick paralysis, Tick encephalitis, Indian tick typhus, Tick hemorrhagic fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever. REF: PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE, 25TH EDITION, PG NO. 841 | 2 | Bebesiosis | Relapsing fever | Scrub typhus | Ricketssial pox | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | 20bc4468-d65c-4b6a-9a25-69b0f1cc78b7 | single |
Maximum energy store in | It is the storehouse of energy in the body (about 1,35,000 kcal)The free fatty acid (FFA) mobilized from adipose tissue is the preferred fuel for muscle during starvationThe energy is stored in the concentrated form, triacylglycerol. The chylomicrons and VLDL are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase present on capillary wa... | 1 | Adipose | Liver | Muscle | Blood glucose | Biochemistry | Respiratory chain | 11674eb2-8903-4d38-a7a6-b07cc7ba8350 | single |
Flu like symptoms followed by radiographic evidence of consolidation in lung in a non-smoker is due to: | B i.e. Staph aureusRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th edition, page 805Explanation:S. aureus pneumonia commonly complicates influenza infection.FactorPossible Pathogen(s)AlcoholismStreptococcus pneumoniae, oral anaerobes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosisCOPD and/o... | 2 | Klebsiella | Staph aureus | Streptococcus | Pseudomonas | Medicine | Infection | acbcf5b7-2592-4284-8c90-5f58cb089749 | single |
True about Myeloma is all, except - | null | 4 | Plasma cell clonal proliferation | Common after 50 yrs of age | Amyloidosis can occur | Protein casts in urine are made up of complete Ig chains | Medicine | null | b98f735b-96a8-42df-a17d-9a04901b7189 | multi |
Most common cardiovascular abnormality seen in Marfan's Syndrome on presentation is: | Answer is A (Mitral Valve Prolapse) Valvular Hea Disease: A Companion to Braunwald's Hea Disease by Otto (Elsevier Health Sciences) The single most common cardiovascular abnormality seen in patients with Marfan's Syndrome at the time of presentation is Mitral Valve Prolapse. Mitral Valve Prolapse is the most frequent a... | 1 | Mitral Valve Prolapse | Dilation of Aoic Sinuses | Coarctation of Aoa | Bicuspid Aoic Valve | Medicine | null | f8df8101-c272-47fa-be91-edc6c5710145 | single |
In "safe motherhood schemes", (CSSM) major thrust area is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., To provide essential prenatal, Natal and postnatal services | 4 | In "safe motherhood schemes", (CSSM) major thrust area is - | Elimination of maternal morbidity | Feility regulation | To provide essential prenatal, Natal and postnatal services | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 2c0bde35-83d6-42ed-ba63-8afad2d7fabe | single |
Water fluoridation depends upon: | Water fluoridation depends on the temperature in that area and body weight.
Galagan formula for fluoride:
This is usually calculated by the formula given by Galagan and Vermillion in 1957.
Ppm of F ‾= - 0.038 +0.0062 t temperature in Fahrenheit.
‘E’ is the estimated daily water intake for children in ounces per pound o... | 3 | The temperature in that area | Body weight | Both | None | Dental | null | 5ba07dd4-6f7a-4980-b431-7a5d334a1b4b | multi |
Metastasis is least common with | Also known as endodermal sinus tumor, yolk sac tumor is of interest because it is the most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age. In this age group it has a very good prognosis. In adults the pure form of this tumor is rare; instead, yolk sac elements frequently occur in combination with ... | 2 | Embryonal cell carcinoma | Endodermal sinus tumor | Taeratocarcinoma | Spermatocytic Seminoma | Pathology | Urinary tract | ee1c9b18-c293-4973-bcea-45d0fad81802 | single |
Which one of the following is NOT a transpoer or binding protein: March 2013 | Ans. A i.e. ErythropoietinErythropoietin causes formation and release of new RBCs into circulation | 1 | Erythropoietin | Ceruloplasmin | Lactoferrin | Transferrin | Physiology | null | a8ff7100-b93d-4015-944a-f5e09f9375b6 | single |
What poisoning retards putrefaction : | B i.e. Arsenic | 2 | Phosphorus | Arsenic | Mercury | Lead | Forensic Medicine | null | 14f4c9d1-8f65-4931-a408-f76733cac909 | single |
Antropo-Zoonoses are all except- | <p> Guinea worm disease or dracunculiasis is a vector borne parasitic disease,mainly of the subcutaneous tissue (usually leg and foot) caused by the nematode parasite,Dracunculus medinensis. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:245. <\p> | 1 | Giinea worm infestation | Rabies | Plague | Hydatid cyst | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases | a1294065-baf4-4b44-8005-87405a44c5df | multi |
Pavlov's experiment is an example of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Classical conditioningClassical conditioningIn classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (which usually does not produce the response), when paired with unconditioned stimulus (stimulus which usually produces a response), directly produces a response.The typical example of classical conditionin... | 2 | Operant conditioning | Classical conditioning | Learned helplessness | Modeling | Psychiatry | null | 39cb8b82-44e2-41bc-a6ee-145d8948948c | single |
Pyogenic granuloma is | null | 1 | Granulation tissue overgrowth/ Non-Specific conditioned enlargement | Capillary hemangioma | Sarcoidosis | Tuberculoid leprosy | Dental | null | 5747b700-c508-49e4-aadd-f143a2c364ef | single |
Which of the following drugs prevents the release of leukotrienes and histamine from mast cells ? | null | 3 | Zileuton | Fexofenadine | Nedocromil | Tiotropium | Pharmacology | null | 02870862-3f45-4ec6-9ad3-abb276e9e2fd | single |
A 69 year old male patient having coronary aery disease was found to have gall bladder stones while undergoing a routine ultrasound of the abdomen. There was no history of biliary colic or jaundice at any time. What is the best treatment advice for such a patient for his gallbladder stones ? | Ans. is (c) No surgery for gallbladder stones Schwaz Pretest writes? "In a patient who has asymptomatic cholelithiasis as an incidental finding, however, there are no data to suggest that any therapeutic intervention is justified. Fewer than 25 percent of patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis will develop symptoms ... | 3 | Open cholecystectomy | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | No surgery for gallbladder stones | ERCP and removal of gallbladder stones | Surgery | null | 14ff5c72-27f6-40e8-9a86-eff0c616bb4d | multi |
Mechanism of action of Ezetimibe | Refer kDT 7/e p 641 Ezetimibe is a medication used to treat high blood cholesterol and ceain other lipid abnormalities. Generally it is used together with dietary changes and a statin. Alone, it is less preferred than a statin. It is taken by mouth. It is also available in the combination ezetimibe/simvastatin | 3 | Interfere with absorption of bile acids | Interfere CETP | Interfere with the absorption of cholesterol by inhibiting NPCIL1 | Inhibitor of PPAR alpha | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | f81d6a5c-6208-4bc3-9ad5-757043799dc2 | single |
Platypnea may be seen in all of the following conditions, except | Answer is A (Bilateral Diaphragmatic palsy): Bilateral diaphragmatic palsy is associated with ohopnea and not platypnea. It has not been mentioned as a cause for platypnea. Severe COPD, pleural effusion and pulmonary embolism may present with either ohopnea or platypnea depending on the pathophysilogy. | 1 | Bilateral Diaphragmatic palsy | Pleural effusion | Pulmonary embolism | Cirrhosis | Medicine | null | 41d10a6f-b9c6-4ccd-9248-80ee3fe0645e | multi |
A 65 year old female attended th Ohopaedics OPD with a chief complaint of chronic back ache. The radiograph of lumbar spine is obtained. What could be the most probable diagnosis? | The given history of back pain in a 65 year old female with the above given radiograph points towards the diagnosis of Osteoporosis. Radiograph shows multiple endplate compression fractures throughout the lumbar veebra. The term fishmouth veebra / codfish veebra have been used to describe the biconcave appearance (give... | 2 | Rheumatoid Ahritis | Osteoporosis | Renal Osteodystrophy | Paget's Disease | Radiology | NEET Jan 2020 | 2ff785e1-db86-408c-bf62-a5c4b8f23d2e | single |
Primary action of inferior oblique ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Extorsion | 3 | Abduction | Adduction | Extorsion | Elevation | Ophthalmology | null | 261ceddd-7142-4dce-9429-7310f58065c7 | single |
Differential expression of same gene depending on parent of origin is referred to as – | The phenomenon referred to as genomic imprinting leads to preferential expression of an allele depending on the parental origin.
Genomic imprinting
Human inherits two copies of each gene, i.e. two alleles, from homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes.
There is no functional difference between the genes derives fro... | 1 | Genomic imprinting | Mosaicism | Anticipation | Nonpenetrance | Unknown | null | 910df80f-0ca7-4105-84e6-bb35a510f72b | single |
Dry drowning is defined as: | D i.e. Drowning where death is d/t laryngeal spasm | 4 | Drowning in sea water | Drowning in cold water, death due to cardiac arrest | Drowning in a dehydrated body | Drowning where death is due to laryngospasm | Forensic Medicine | null | b1314a66-6c9c-42ca-ace4-4d222f82dfd6 | single |
Traumatic fracture showing avascular necrosis - | Amongst the given options only talus fracture (neck talus fracture) causes AVN. | 1 | Femoral neck | Surgical neck of humerus | Body of talus | Cuboid | Orthopaedics | null | 8c75e728-d074-4ca4-894d-ae9b4df77f43 | single |
Herpes simplex is seen in | null | 1 | < 10 yrs. of age | 12-15 yrs. of age | 25-30 yrs. of age | 55-60 yrs. of age | Pathology | null | ebc60c3c-1be7-448a-b385-18c377172f7d | single |
Abdominal ultrasound of a patient showed gall bladder with diffuse wall thickening and hyperechoic nodules at the neck and few comet tail aifacts. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Adenomyomatosis is a benign condition characterized by hyperplastic changes of unknown etiology involving the gallbladder wall. It causes overgrowth of the mucosa, thickening of the muscular wall, and formation of intramural diveicula or sinus tracts termed as Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses. Ultrasound shows a thickened ga... | 1 | Adenomyomatosis | Adenocarcinoma of gall bladder | Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis | Chelesterol crystals | Surgery | null | 6cb02737-eabe-4dc3-8211-244b580e62b3 | multi |
Adam's apple in Male is due to. | Thyroid Cailage Largest cailage, hyaline in nature. It is V shaped and consists of right and left lamina which meet anteriorly in midline and form an angle (Adams angle) Adams angle: -- Male: 90 degree -- Female: 120 degree The outer surface of each lamina is marked by an oblique line which extends from superior thyroi... | 1 | Thyroid cailage | Cricoid cailage | Hyoid cailage | Epiglottis cailage | ENT | FMGE 2019 | 97c164d8-059f-4e9d-8acf-1239eba5ff2c | single |
A patient is experiencing which type of incontinence if she experiences leaking urine when she coughs, sneezes, or lifts heavy objects? | Stress incontinence is an involuntary loss of a small amount of urine due to sudden increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as with coughing or sneezing. | 3 | Overflow | Reflex | Stress | Urge | Pathology | null | c1fd6cd7-0fd1-49e9-bd76-75da8e67bb7f | single |
Lingual fixed appliance is used in | null | 1 | Bilateral loss of 1st molars | Bilateral loss of canines | Bilateral loss of laterals | Unilateral loss of premolars | Dental | null | c948ab99-f08a-4fbd-9d0f-b1107e337085 | single |
Operation theatre fire is most commonly due to? | ANSWER: (D) Electrosurgical equipmentREF: British Journal of Anesthesia Volume 50, Issue 7 p. 659-664, Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology: December 2008 Volume 21 Issue 6 p. 790-795The two most common source of operation theatre fire is electrosurgical unit (ESU) and lasers.Other equipments that can produces fire are, ... | 4 | Argon beam coagulators | Laser | Fiber optic illumination | Electrosurgical equipment | Surgery | Miscellaneous | 8c4b2f30-c54d-402b-9661-9ae137384f32 | single |
Drug used for muscarinic symptoms seen in cobra envenomation: CMC (Vellore) 13 | Ans. Neostigmine | 1 | Neostigmine | Pralidoxime | Prazocin | Naloxone | Forensic Medicine | null | e28e2322-b3d7-4369-8a30-bf1471fef240 | single |
Type of infarct seen in hea is | Infarcts are classified according to color and the presence or absence of infection; they are either red (hemorrhagic) or white (anemic) and may be septic or bland. White infarcts occur with aerial occlusions in solid organs with end-aerial circulation (e.g: hea, spleen, and kidney), and where tissue density limits the... | 2 | Red infarcts | White infarcts | Septic infarcts | Bland infarcts | Pathology | General pathology | 2d03be97-e3c8-412c-ab64-2af315bc24ed | single |
Which of the following drug does not cross the blood-placental barrier? | Ref:KD Tripathi pharmacology 7th edition (page.no: 19,116) Placental membranes are lipoidal and allow free passage of lipophilic drugs while restricting hydrophilic drugs. Glycopyrrolate is a quaternary ammonium compound. So it can't cross placenta and brain(BBB). Other drugs can cross the placenta | 2 | Atropine | Glycopyrolate | Physostigmine | Hyoscine hydro bromide | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system | 848cf953-e6ec-43b6-b44f-87186a21b10d | single |
Which of the following condition shows an increase in serum level of Creatinine Kinase 1 (CK 1)? | CK-1 or CK-BB is found primarily in brain tissue. Hence it is increased in brain ischemia. Ref: Clinical Biochemistry By Jiro J. Kaneko, John W. Harvey, Michael Bruss, 1997, Page 317 | 2 | Myocardial ischemia | Brain ischemia | Kidney damage | Electrical cardioversion | Biochemistry | null | 862b8248-ba88-4d35-845e-9729417ff90f | single |
Which of the following is the earliest indicator of pathological gastroesophageal reflux in infants (GERD) - | Ans is 'a' i.e., Respiratory Symptoms Recurrent Respiratory Symptoms (Wheezing, stridor, chronic cough apnea, aspiration) are the earliest indicator of Pathological Reflux (GERD) amongst the options provided. `The most frequent complications of Gastroesophageal Reflux disease (pathological Reflux) in infants are failur... | 1 | Respiratory Symptoms | Postprandial Regurgitation | Upper GI Bleed | Stricture Esophagus | Pediatrics | null | 5593f9b7-bb53-4d85-b2e1-77f20f7f1521 | single |
"Smudge cells" in the peripheral smear are characteristic of: | In CLL, the blood contains large numbers of small round lymphocytes with scant cytoplasm (fragile). Some of these cells are usually disrupted in the process of making smears, producing so-called smudge cells | 2 | Chronic myelogenous leukemia | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | Acute myelogenous leukemia | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | Pathology | Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | 501de6f7-d24d-413e-8ad5-4dfd7ecbf0f9 | single |
Primary bullous lesions is seen in which type of syphilis | D i.e. Congenital Syphilis | 4 | Primary | Secondary | Teiary | Congential | Skin | null | 29757d09-f5fc-4c42-83da-5268a25cfc37 | single |
The two nitrogen atoms that are incorporated into the urea cycle. The source of the nitrogen is | Two nitrogen atoms of urea are derived from two different sources, one from ammonia and the other directly from alpha amino group of aspaic acid.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 203 | 3 | Glutamate & Aspaate | Aspaate & Arginine | Aspaate & NH3 | Glutamate & NH3 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid | 9b3bec7a-4dc3-4bde-a8b2-70b3bda6a429 | single |
True about RIBOZYME: (AllMS Nov 2013, Nov 2012) | Ans. a. Peptidyl transferase activity (Ref: Harper 28/e p363; 27/e p364; Lippincott 4/435-439, Lehninger 5/e p1078)Ribozymes are RNA molecule with catalytic activityQ. Ribozymes play a central role in peptide bond formation (peptidyl transferase activity).RibozymeRibozymes are RNA molecules with catalytic activityQ.The... | 1 | Peptidyl transferase activity | Cut DNA at specific site | Participate in DNA synthesis | GTPase activity | Biochemistry | Transcription | 6013381f-baab-4ac2-847a-e42ea8409604 | multi |
Which one of the following is seen in facial palsy? | Facial palsy is the paralysis of facial musculature (motor activity) and not the general sensation of the face (Face is supplied by trigeminal nerve). Facial palsy is characterised by inability to close the eye, drooping of the corner of the mouth resulting in drooling of saliva, absence of wrinkles on the forehead and... | 2 | Drooping of eyelid | Loss of taste sensation in anterior 2/3 of tongue | Excess of saliva secretion | Loss of general sensation in cheek | Pathology | null | ba9328a8-3ef3-40dc-9a3a-2b34f764162f | single |
Type II hypercholesterolemia is due to | 2. Type II: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FHC): A common disorder which has been extensively investigated.The disease is characterised by:Hyper b-lipoproteinemia (LDL |)Associated with increased total cholesterol |VLDL may be raised, hence total TG may be high. But plasma usually remains clear.Inheritance: Autosomal ... | 2 | Defect in scavaging function of HDL | Defect in LDL receptor | Defect in ABCA protein | Defect in all above | Biochemistry | Metabolism of lipid | 80804980-01f9-4947-bd92-89b885642bb9 | multi |
In endodontic-periodontal lesion pulpal necrosis | null | 2 | Follows periodontal changes | Precedes periodontal changes | Impedes periodontal changes | All of the above | Dental | null | b9e53e91-b0bd-4950-bf8e-fa0173edf892 | multi |
The most potent topical coicosteroids is ? | Ans. 'c' i.e., Clohetasol propionate cream 0.5% Classification of topical steroids based on potency Class 1 (Super Potent) Clobetasol propionate ointment and cream 0.5% Betamethasone dipropionate ointment 0.05% Halobetasol propionate ointment and cream 0.05% Class 2 (Highly potent) Mometasone furoate ointment 0.1 % Cla... | 3 | Hydrocoisone butyrate cream 0.1% | Betamethasone valerate cream 0.5% | Clobetasol propionate cream 0.5% | Clobetasone butyrate cream 0.5% | Pharmacology | null | a4835fce-99fa-4747-9a5d-591e42d4d2a3 | single |
True regarding Na+ ion - | Depolarization occurs due to sodium ions influx.
Potassium ions maintain the resting membrane potential.
Sodium ions are not responsible for Gibbs-Donnan effect. It is due to the non-diffusible anions.
Sodium ions take part in many co-transports. | 3 | Responsible for Donnan effect | Responsible for Resting membrane potential | Responsible for Depolarization | Does not help other ions in transport | Physiology | null | 08bc3629-079d-41ec-9fd6-13c796c88ea5 | multi |
A randomized trial comparing the efficacy of two drugs showed a difference between the two (p<0.05). Assume that in reality, however, the two drugs to not differ. This is therefore an example of:- | STATISTICAL ERRORS & P - VALUE H0 rejected H0 not rejected Null hypothesis (H0) true Null hypothesis (H0) false Type I error No error No error Type II error Type I error: Null hypothesis is true but rejected. Probability of type I error is given by 'P value'. (probability of declaring a significant difference when actu... | 1 | Type I error | Type II error | 1 - alpha | 1 - beta | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostats | d0ff07b6-ee4f-4572-aab7-6c0a4a5e34b9 | single |
Which is the recommended force for condensation of dental amalgam | null | 3 | 35 pounds | 3 pounds | 15 Lb | 25 lb | Dental | null | 910c9c37-c2ca-4386-8934-ed99c0ad7489 | single |
A 26-year-old woman in the first trimester of pregnancy has been admitted with retching and repeated vomiting with large hematemesis. Her pulse rate is 126/minute and blood pressure is 80 mm Hg systolic. The most likely diagnosis is: | Ans. is a, i.e. Mallory-Weiss syndromeRef. Williams 24/e, p 1074Upper gastrointestinal bleeding:"Occasionally, persistent vomiting may be accompanied by worrisome upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The obvious concern is that there is a bleeding peptic ulceration. However, most of these women have minute linear mucosal t... | 1 | Mallory-Weiss syndrome | Bleeding from esophageal varices | Peptic ulcer | Hiatus hernia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Obs) | d985f44b-8575-4fd2-a4f1-002162768d53 | multi |
First step taken in case of Multiple injuries of face & neck - | null | 4 | Blood transfusion | IV fluids | Reconstruction | Maintainence of airways | Surgery | null | 03a6e253-d602-4d70-b856-a1459a29d985 | multi |
TRUE statement about histopathological changes noticed in Wilson's disease is: | Histopathological changes are not specific for Wilson's disease. MUST KNOW: The earliest change is steatosis followed by peripoal glycogenated nuclei. Copper is not biochemically identifiable at this stage. Mallory denk bodies in zone 1 is a characteristic but not pathognomic finding of Wilson's disease. Absence of sta... | 4 | Mallory denk bodies in Zone 1 is a pathognomic finding | Earliest change noticed is copper deposition in mitochondria | Micronodular cirrhosis is also noticed | Absece of stainable copper in cirrhotic liver does not rule out Wilson's disease. | Pathology | null | cbb88858-b89f-4fef-ac0d-ed607ee64490 | multi |
Isoprostanes are formed from archidonic acid by ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Non-enzymatic free radical peroxidationEpoxygenase pathway Cytochrome P450 may conve arachidonic acid (AA) to 20-HETE (20-hydroxyeicosa tetraenoic acid) or EET (epixyeicosatrienoic acid).EET may function as endothelium derived hyperpolarization factor paicularly in coronary circulation. It also posses... | 4 | Cycloxygenase | Lipoxygenase | Epoxide hydrolase | Non-enzymatic free radical peroxidation | Pathology | null | 6241687a-f863-4d3e-a50f-f1d18c00254a | single |
A 39-year-old woman complains of developing painful pale fingers on cold exposure for the past 5 years. Recently, she has noticed swollen fingers and tight skin, which limit flexion and extension. She also has new abdominal symptoms that are bothersome. On examination, the skin on the fingers is smooth and shiny with a... | This patient has scleroderma and esophageal symptoms are present in more than 50% of patients. They are due to the reduced tone of the gastroesophageal sphincter and dilation of the distal esophagus. Gastric and small intestinal motility problems can also occur. Vascular ectasia in the GI tract can result in bleeding. | 1 | esophagus | stomach | duodenum | ileum | Medicine | Miscellaneous | ab4358bd-9dfe-4fbe-a3db-4ef6d68121ae | multi |
Heating and subsequent plating is a method used for isolating? | Clostridia are isolated by heating followed by plating using redox potential. REF:Textbook of microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker. Page no.:252 | 4 | Corynebacterium | Vibrio | Salmonella | Clostridia | Microbiology | general microbiology | 9a8e895b-73ad-4f4c-b39a-a803f94852c8 | single |
Which of the following penicillins can be given by i.v. route? | Preparations and dose
Sod. penicillin G (crystalline penicillin) injection 0.5-5 MU i.m./i.v. 6-12 hourly. It is available as dry powder in vials to be dissolved in sterile water at the time of injection.
BENZYL PENICILLIN 0.5. 1 MU inj
Repository penicillin G injections: These are insoluble salts of PnG which must be... | 3 | Benzathine | Procaine | Crystalline | All of the above | Pharmacology | null | 4c496a1b-76e1-40c7-8467-d40122cd3bad | multi |
Fertilization occurs in - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ampulla of fallopian tube * The uterine tubes, also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes, are the female structures that transport the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month. In the presence of sperm and fertilization, the uterine tubes transport the fertilized egg to the uterus for implantation.... | 2 | uterine cavity | Ampulla of fallopian tube | Infundibulum of fallopian tube | Isthmus of tube | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 65196a25-3009-409d-a16f-34bac06e0f34 | multi |
Rape, even after consent is considered when age of woman is: | Ans:D.)< 18 years. Explanation:The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013:The age of consent in India has been increased to 18 years, which means any sexual activity irrespective of presence of consent with a woman below the age of 18 will constitute statutory rape. | 4 | < 16yr | <17 yr | <21 yr | <18 yr | Forensic Medicine | null | dd08106c-d446-44aa-b412-3f2776aad05c | single |
True about streptococcus pyogenes are all except - | Ans. is 6a' i.e., Causes only localized infectiono Streptococcal diseases can be braodly classified into three groups1) Suppurative infections# These are otitis media, sore throat, mastoiditis, pneumonia, abscesses, erysipelas, impetigo (non-bullous impetigo or impetigo contagiosum), cellulitis, necrotizing fascitis, p... | 1 | Causes only localized infection | Rheumatic fever is non-supporative complications | Erythrogenic toxin causes scarlet fever | Glomerulonephritis is due to antigenic crossreactivity | Microbiology | Bacteria | 2473a055-95b5-4d85-b079-7f27c8258c90 | multi |
Which of the following is indicative of renal tubular disease | Answer is B (Coarse granular casts) `Renal tubular casts' are characteristic of Acute tubular disease and interstitial nephritis but are not provided amongst the options. Coarse granular casts though non specific, can represent acute tubular necrosis and thus are the single best answer amongst the options provided. Mud... | 2 | Hyaline casts | Coarse granular casts | Cystine Oxalate cells | White cell casts | Medicine | null | 110b4fe6-7e32-4ca9-a0f2-9c6f80e02b59 | single |
A pregnant female presented with itching in genital area. What is the MOST common vaginal infection in pregnancy?Gonorrhoea z | Candida species are normal flora of the oropharynx, bowel, and vagina. Candida overgrowth of these surfaces may arise in the setting of broad spectrum antibiotics, diabetes mellitus, or HIV infection, resulting in oral thrush, Candida esophagitis, and vaginal candidiasis. High estrogen states, such as pregnancy or oral... | 3 | Gonorrhoea | Trichomoniasis | Candidiasis | Bacterial vaginosis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 5d418b64-32ec-4aba-ab80-b521a261e4e3 | single |
Miliary shadow in chest X-ray is seen in A/E - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Klebsiella Causes of Miliary mottlingInfection Bacterial (3TB, Brucellosis, Bronchopneumonia, Melioidosis), viral (varicella i chicken pox), Fungal [Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis).Cardiac Mitral stenosis. Pulmonary edema, multiple pulmonary infarct.Pneumoconiosis Coa... | 3 | TB | Sarcoidosis | Klebsiella | Metastasis | Radiology | Imaging of Interstitial Lung Disease | 746be569-ce6d-4a45-b60a-e60d25ac5186 | single |
Metachromatic granules are found in -a) Diphtheriab) Mycoplasmac) Gardenella vaginalisd) Staphylococcus | Polypmetahosphate / volutin granules
Some bacteria contain granules composed of polymetaphosphate. They were first described in spirillum volutans, so they were called as Volutin granules.
These granules are also known as Babes Ernst granules or polar bodies or metachromatic granules.
These granules stain reddish vio... | 1 | ac | bc | ad | b | Microbiology | null | a52e2cad-5db9-422d-a054-a1733e72ad7d | single |
Which of the following is FALSE about insulin action? | Insulin inhibits lipolysis by inhibiting hormone sensitive lipase. Thus insulin prevents ketogenesis. Insulin stimulates glycolysis by activating PFK-1 Insulin activates glycogenesis by activating glycogen synthase. Also it stimulates fatty acid synthesis by activating acetyl Co A carboxylase. Insulin also--by its abil... | 4 | Glycogen synthesis | Glycolysis | Lipognesis | Ketogenesis | Biochemistry | null | 8467cc80-e9f4-4eb1-8e36-a997619189e2 | multi |
The ICDS scheme is sponsored by – | null | 2 | Ministry of health & family welfare | Ministry of Social welfare | Ministry of education | None | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3a702281-007d-43c2-9aa5-bd29636f7098 | multi |
A technique of transforming two fluid (or paste-like) materials into a homogeneous mixture without mechanical stirring is known as: | Static mixing — A technique of transforming two fluid (or paste-like) materials into a homogeneous mixture without mechanical stirring; it requires a device that forces two streams of material into a mixer cylinder, such that as the streams move through the mixer, while the stationary elements in the mixer continuousl... | 1 | Static mixing | Rheology | Dynamic mixing | Mixing time | Dental | null | 341c7e8c-4dff-40af-961a-2adf71a704f6 | single |
FALSE for delusions. September 2003 | Ans. D i.e. Shared by those of a common social background | 4 | Held with absolute conviction | Usually false | Not amenable to reasoning | Shared by those of a common social background | Psychiatry | null | cc95e21b-ff66-446d-871e-04f0ad29f0ca | multi |
Histone has post - translational modification by all/except. | D i.e. Glycosylation | 4 | Acylation | Methylation | Phosphorylation | Glycosylation | Biochemistry | null | 572aa5ee-7331-45e2-bc9c-71c2f39ce759 | multi |
Safe period in rhythms method is : (In a female with 28 days menstrual cycle) : | First and last 7 days | 3 | Initial 14 days | Later 14 days | First and last 7 days | 10 to 21 days of the cycle | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 99f34314-26cb-435a-adc1-c2bde491f9e1 | single |
A newborn premature baby presented with bullous lesions on skin and legs, Xray shows features suggestive of periostitis. Which of the following is the initial investigation? | The newborn baby has characteristic signs and symptoms of congenital syphilis. Periostitis is a hallmark of skeletal manifestation. VDRL/RPR is the initial investigation of choice in congenital syphilis. All neonates born to mothers who have reactive nontreponemal and treponemal test results should be evaluated with a ... | 1 | VDRL test | FTA-ABS test | TPHA test | culture | Microbiology | Bacteriology | 076647bc-d70c-455b-95ae-d71164f69903 | single |
Atropine is contraindicated in: | null | 4 | Early mushroom poisoning | Myasthenia gravis | Organophosphate poisoning | Glaucoma | Pharmacology | null | 5d97d846-d3e5-4210-b886-b70756794d03 | single |
Q Fever is transmitted by: | Ricketssia burnetti | 3 | Rickettsia prowazeki | Ricketssia mooseri | Ricketssia burnetti | Ehrilichia chafeensis | Microbiology | null | 6e55830b-d5fb-494a-8db9-9d795149fb3d | single |
Nerve passing from greater sciatic foramen to lesser sciatic foramen | The greater sciatic foramen is an opening (foramen) at the back of the human pelvis. It is formed by the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments. The piriformis muscle passes through the foramen and occupies most of its volume. ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg363 | 1 | Pudendal nerve | Superior rectal nerve | Inferior rectal nerve | Sciatic nerve | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | 2b2f94be-060d-4dd9-89a2-20cc5b9e8502 | single |
Kussumau's sign is most commonly seen in- | Kussmaul sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the appropriate fall of the JVP with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of hea disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right hea dysfunction. The differential diagnosis gener... | 3 | Restrictive cardiomyopathy | Pericardial tamponade | Constrictive pericarditis | Right ventricular infarct | Medicine | C.V.S | f447c8ac-7a13-4c1c-b2a6-68cba74bd29c | single |
Type of collagen found in basement membrane is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Type IV Types of collageno There are at least 28 distinct types of collagen made up of over 30 distinct polypeptide chains Type I is the most abundant collagen The important ones are :-Type of collagenDistributionType ISkin, tendon, bone, corneaType IIArticular cartilage, intervertebral disc. Vitreous... | 4 | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Structure & Function of Proteins) | 52e8e8b1-796f-42cd-a5b3-4f87d67d6e57 | single |
Which of the following is not a source of error in the applanation tonometry: | Tear film is required for accurate measurement , is not a source of error. Sources of error in tonometry: Inappropriate fluorescein pattern. Pressure on the globe. Central Corneal thickness. Corneal edema. Pulse pressure. Astigmatism. Incorrect calibration. Wide pulse pressure. | 2 | High Pressure on the globe | Tear film | Astigmatism | Wide pulse pressure | Ophthalmology | Glaucoma | d67d5039-f47b-4cd7-9e15-83754fb8defd | single |
Metabolic acidosisis caused by which of the following? | The principal function of aldosterone is to increase sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting ducts, which causes secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.
Hypoaldosteronism (e.g., in Addison’s disease)therefore results in a decrease in H+ secretion, which leads to the production of metabolic acidosis (a... | 4 | Hypovolemia | Hypokalemia | Hypocalcemia | Hypoaldosteronism | Unknown | null | 1f338f55-0c56-49e3-bd9e-87862a576506 | single |
Severity of mitral stenosis is assessed by: | Answer is B (Length of murmur) 'The duration of murmur correlates with the severity of stenosis - Harrison Features suggesting severe MS are : Proximity of S2 - O.S. gapQ,and Longer duration of mid-diastolic murmur Q | 2 | Loud opening snap | Length of murmur | Loud S1 | Splitting S2 | Medicine | null | 64e82d20-60a8-4065-b5c6-13806e9365c0 | single |
A 8 year old boy presents with recurrent pneumonia since birth. The boy had a history of delayed passage of Meconium at birth. Probable diagnosis is | Features of Cystic fibrosis
Delayed passage of Meconium
Recurrent pneumonia
Steatorrhea
Late onset Diabetes
Azoospermia | 3 | Kartagener's syndrome | Bronchiectasis | Cystic fibrosis | Hirnchiprung disease | Pediatrics | null | dccc20a4-6f29-4123-b06a-034b801eda63 | single |
Which of the following is the drug of choice for the treatment of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion ? | null | 1 | Demeclocycline | Vasopressin | Thiazide diuretics | Chlorpropamide | Pharmacology | null | 306d70da-7c06-4671-9c93-c5edcd613425 | single |
Which of the following is false about DNA methylation | Note: Refer the byte "Epigenetics"
Mnemonic: DNA Methylation makes DNA Mute. | 2 | It usually occurs on cytosine bases | It increase Gene Expression | It decrease gene expression | It is a type of epigentic modification | Biochemistry | null | d6db711d-9147-4a2f-b99c-757f04a03611 | multi |
Fibrinoid necrosis is seen in? | Ans is 'b' i.e. Rheumatoid arthrirtis Fibrinoid necrosiso Fibrinoid necrosis is special form of necrosis typically occurs when complexes of antigen and antibodies are deposited in the walls of arteries. Deposits of these "immune complexes", together with fibrin that has leaked out of vessels, result in a bright pink an... | 2 | Diabetes | Rheumatoid arthritis | Pancreatitis | Alzheimer's disease | Pathology | Cellular Pathology | a3fe2922-7fda-4efc-a446-7f3f2947247b | single |
A case of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is detected to have lung metastasis. She should be staged as: | Ans. is c, i.e. Stage IIIRef. COGDT 10/e, p 893Staging of Gestational trophoblastic disease:Stage-I Disease confined to uterus.Stage-II Disease extending outside of the uterus but limited to the genital structures (adnexa, vagina, broad ligaments).Stage-III Disease extending to the lungs, with or without known genital ... | 3 | Stage-I | Stage-II | Stage-III | Stage - IV | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gestational Trophoblastic Disease | 0df9f346-27cf-44b8-8e0d-45d15e304fe9 | single |
Secular trend means - | Long term or secular trends
The term secular trend implies changes in the occurrence of disease over a long period of time, generally several years or decades.
There may be progressive increase or decrease in the occurrence of disease.
Examples -
CHD, lung cancer, and DM have shown a consistent upward trend in deve... | 4 | Seasonal changes | Periodical changes | Religion changes | Long term changes | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 63c362b7-6b13-4a36-9998-2502d5d66d1c | single |
Unit of enzyme activity - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Micromole / minute o The activity of enzyme is measured in terms of the following :1) Unit of enzyme acdvity: -# By international agreement, one unit enzyme activity is defined as the amount causing transformation of 1.0 micro mole of substrate per minute at 25deg C. It is usually expressed as m mole ... | 4 | Millimoles / lit | Milligm/lit | Mg/dl | Micromoles/min | Biochemistry | Enzyme Kinetics | ac0fb0dc-76fb-4ced-b286-1a41f350ff00 | single |
A clot size of a clenched fist indicates blood loss of approximately | Measurement of Blood Loss Clot size of a clenched fist is 500 ml. Blood loss in a closed tibial fracture is 500-1500 ml; in a fracture femur is 500-2000 ml. Weighing the swab before and after use is an impoant method of on-table assessment of blood loss. Ref: SRB's Manual of Surgery 6th edition Pgno :120 | 4 | 100 ml | 200 ml | 300ml | 500 ml | Anatomy | General anatomy | 2e391e90-8d01-4267-84c0-9fc9c47b7011 | single |
A 6-year-old boy came to hospital with complaints of sore throat and difficulty in swallowing, his left tonsil was pushed medially and had swelling over left side upper pa of neck. What will be the diagnosis? | Parapharyngeal abscess presents with: Trismus due to spasm of medial pterygoid Tonsils pushed medially Swelling in upper pa of sternocleidomastoid(space limited to the level of hyoid bone) Retropharyngeal abscess presents as bulge in posterior pharyngeal wall on one side of midline. Peritonsillar abscess does not produ... | 4 | Peritonsillar abscess | Retropharyngeal abscess | Ludwig's angina | Parapharyngeal abscess | ENT | FMGE 2019 | b3b8ed62-2518-4e6d-a834-e1bd304671f2 | multi |
Quintero staging is used for: | Ans. A. Twin to twin transfusion syndromeTwin Twin Transfusion Syndrome: TttsOccurs in monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation resulting from unidirectional flow through deep arteriovenous anastomoses in the shared placenta. In this syndrome blood is transfused from a donor twin to its recipient sibling such that the d... | 1 | Twin to twin transfusion syndrome | Twin reversed arterial perfusion | Discordant twins | Monoamniotic twins | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Multiple Pregnancy | befde3ba-f9ab-4318-9f26-352fea3cb45e | single |
Which among the following is a major lipid of mitochondrial membrane? | Phosphatidic acid is a precursor of phosphatidylglycerol, which in turn gives rise to cardiolipin. This phospholipid is found only in mitochondria and is essential for the mitochondrial function. Decreased cardiolipin levels or alterations in its structure or metabolism cause mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and in p... | 4 | Lecithin | Inositol | Plasmalogen | Cardiolipin | Biochemistry | null | a644e647-6641-41f0-b704-1c941ee72187 | single |
Lutein and theca lutein cysts may be associated with all the following except | - Theca lutein cysts are present because of high HCG. - These are seen in : Molar pregnancy, Choriocarcinoma, Twin pregnancies, Chronic renal failure (due to decreased hCG clearance) Hypehyroidism (due to structural homoly between hCG and TSH) - PCOS is not associated with theca lutein cysts. In fact, PCOS has NO CYSTS... | 3 | Mole | Choriocarcinoma | Stein-leventhal syndrome(PCOS) | Pregnancy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Obstetrics | 6820cde9-9349-4d78-b29c-04edab0a89b7 | multi |
Blood supply of breast by all except : | Blood supply of breast :
1. Subclavian artery:
2nd, 3rd & 4th anterior intercostal arteries (branches of internal mammary).
2. Axillary artery :
Superior thoracic artery.
Thoraco acromial artery.
Lateral thoracic artery.
Subscapular artery.
3. Thoracic aorta :
2nd, 3rd & 4th posterior intercosta... | 3 | Internal mammary artery | Intercostal vessels | Thoraco - dorsal branch of subscapular artery | Thoraco acromial artery | Anatomy | null | 9608af95-b816-4939-b237-80794f9c65fe | multi |
In osteogenesis imperfecta, the tympanogram is - | This is a very interesting question – They are testing our knowledge as well as application ability.
Osteogenesis imperfecta is associated with otosclerosis.
Vander Hoeve syndrome is a triad of: | 4 | Flat | Non-compliance | High-compliance | Low-compliance | ENT | null | 9a7ffb17-ffb3-4eef-8b09-397be560bd3c | single |
Most common site for putting chest drain in case of pleural effusion - | Site for putting chest drain in pleural effusion → 7th ICS mid axillary line
Site for putting needle in spontaneous pneumothorax → 2nd ICS, mid clavicular line. | 2 | 2nd intercostal space midclavicualar line | 7th intercostal space midaxillary line | 5th I.C. space mid clavicular line. | 5 | Surgery | null | f2e25a8a-8c75-4a6c-b86e-08c8ddd90fd5 | single |
A woman died within 5 years of marriage under suspicious circumstances. Her parents complained that her in laws used to frequently demand for dowry. Under which of the following sections can a magistrate authorize autopsy of the case? | B i.e. Section 174 Cr Pc Autopsy (in general) should only be conducted when there is an official order authorizing the autopsy. Authorisation (an official order) for a medicolegal autopsy is given by Coroner, police or MagistrateQ. Inquest (in dowry daths) should be conducted by a Magistrate (section 176 (1) CrPC) or p... | 2 | Section | Section 174 Cr Pc | Section 176 Cr Pc | Section 304 IPC | Forensic Medicine | null | 40ea8cbd-e762-4cf1-b8f6-989081f0cfe2 | single |
Heat Rupture is characterized by: | Heat ruptures are associated with irregular margins. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By Dr K S Narayan Reddy, 27th Edition, Page 286 and 28th Edition, Page 283 | 2 | Regular margins | Irregular margins | Ruptured blood vessels | Ruptured Red Blood cells | Forensic Medicine | null | 6ff9c40b-ac07-496c-a787-5e94492b4f3b | single |
Rhinoscleroma is caused by: | (a) Klebsiella(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 1; 1212)Rhinoscleroma is a bacterial granuloma caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis also known as Frisch bacillus.Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic protistan protozoa (unicellular) parasite, causes a granulomatous condition called rhinosporidiosis.Spirochete (syphilis) an... | 1 | Klebsiella | Autoimmune | Spirochetes | Rhinosporidium | ENT | Nose and PNS | 1281e717-c9b5-4515-b7ae-1246f7120006 | single |
Investigation of choice for diagnosis of vasa pre is: | Vasa pre : Color Doppler is the investigation of choice. A transabdominal color Doppler sonography which show 'flow' in vessels overlying the internal cervical os. A Transvaginal ultrasound with color Doppler is even better method to demonstrate this. The APT test is a biochemical test done to differentiate maternal an... | 2 | APT test | Color doppler | MRI | HSG | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Antepaum Haemorrhage | 4aa6fd87-50e9-4994-9dab-4482a664b72f | single |
All are true about Cubital fossa Except | null | 2 | Median nerve is the medialmost structure among the contents of fossa | The superficial branch of radial nerve continues into the forearm just superficial to the brachioradialis muscle | Median cubital vein superficial to Bicipital Aponeurosis forms roof of cubital fossa | The deep branch of radial nerve passes continues into the forearm just superficial to the brachioradialis muscle. | Anatomy | null | dabfdb04-a411-4207-9228-f119810326de | multi |
Gradual painful limitation of shoulder movements in an elderly suggest that the most probable diagnosis is: | FROZEN SHOULDER OR ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS OR PERIAHRITIS SHOULDER It is characterized by progressive pain and stiffness of the shoulder, which usually resolve spontaneously.There is significant restriction in both active and passive range of motion. A. Painful Inflammatory Freezing Phase Lasts 2-9 months B. Phase of Progr... | 3 | Ahritis | Osteoahritis | Periahritis | Myositis ossificans | Orthopaedics | Neuromuscular disorders | 49e489aa-1ce8-4c8d-98ca-6cef64366b1e | single |
Which one of the following is closely associated with Myasthenia gravis? | (A) Thymoma # MYASTHENIA GRAVIS is a neuromuscular disorder characterised by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles.> Up to 75% of patients have an abnormality of the thymus; 25% have a thymoma, a tumor (either benign or malignant) of the thymus, and other abnormalities are frequently found.> The disease process... | 1 | Thymoma | Lymphoma | Adenoma | None | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 905cbee9-53a0-4aac-be66-3c30762b9e84 | multi |
Beta blockers are not indicated in | Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no: 193 Beta blockers are not used in CCF except metoprolol and carvedilol due to their antioxidant propeies they are used only in chronic CHF not in acute in acute CCF or CHF, diuretics , digoxin are used | 1 | Acute CHF | Hypeension | Chronic CHF | Arrhythmia | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system | 03910027-a73d-47b7-94d1-6695eb5389a5 | single |
All the following are features of Guillain-Barre syndrome except: | Answer is D (Bladder bowel involvement): Bladder bowel involvement is rare in G. B. syndrome. Bladder dysfunction may occur in severe cases but is usually transient. 'If bladder dysfunction is prominent and comes early possibilities other than GBS should be considered'.- Harrison Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is an aut... | 4 | Predominant motor involvement | Facial nerve involvement | Absence of pleocytosis in CSF | Bladder bowel involvement | Medicine | null | 9414416c-9664-4c40-b2f7-6c7bd9f706cf | multi |
True regarding fluorosis are all except ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Fluorosis is the most common cause of dental caries in children endemic Fluorosis o Endemic fluorosis occurs when drinking water contains increased amounts of fluorine (3-5 mg/L) o Various toxic manifestations of endemic fluorosis are: a. Dental fluorosis Fluoride is deposited in the enamel of teeth wh... | 1 | Fluorosis is the most common cause of dental caries in children | Fluorosis can cause fluoride deposition in hones | Defluoridation is done by Nalgonda technique | Fluorosis can cause genu valgum | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3e14a12e-b7c6-4c21-b777-1fc6e1ff6f6a | multi |
Which of the following is associated with hydrocephalus : | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Diabetes; Breech presentation; and Spina bifida Hydrocephalus as we have already discussed is Ventriculomegaly (accumulation of CSF within the ventricles) and increase in head circumference. Since the head size is big in case of hydrocephalus, it cannot accommodate in the lower uterine segment t... | 4 | Diabetes mellitus | Spina bifida | Breech presentation | All | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 56c8695e-8238-4e3d-a70e-b044810b29ba | multi |
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