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Features of Raynaud's disease are all except | Raynaud's disease is usually Bilateral. | 2 | Common in young females | Commonly unilateral | Repeated attacks occur | Peripheral pulses are normally felt | Surgery | null | b337c48e-c023-4764-b857-d67d4d27c7e5 | multi |
What is true regarding the gamma efferent neuron? | (D) All of the above # SPINDLES have motor nerve supply of their own and these nerves constitute about 30% of fibers in ventral roots, and belong in Erlanger and Gasser's A g group.> Because of their characteristic 3-6 mm diameter in size or called g efferents of Leksell or small motor nerve system.> Larger b motor neu... | 4 | An 'A' group motor neuron with a smaller diameter than that of alpha efferent neurons | Innervates intrafusal fibres | Innervates muscle fibres that stretch annulospiral bulbar endings | All of the above | Physiology | Nervous System | a36e771d-14e7-4b4d-ad03-a8bf610b6d14 | multi |
One of the following drugs does not cause thrombocytopenia: | Phenobarbitone | 2 | Heparin | Phenobarbitone | Quinine | Thiazide | Pharmacology | null | 020fbd9a-fe06-409c-8571-72364d6ce93f | single |
A 6 year old male presents with irreducible hernia. He had a dnoron seducible hernia for 5 years prior to this. He had bowel movement while examination at surgery, a Richter's hernia was found which of the following is true | Richter's hernia is part of bowl wall entrapped in the hernial sac.
Leads to partial occlusion of lumen.
Bowel movements. | 3 | It contains meckel's diverticulam | It presents lateral to the rectus sheath | It may allow normal passage & stools | It present through obturator tomamen. | Surgery | null | fae40ff0-fce8-43cd-b18a-a6f909f32dd2 | multi |
Milk ring test is seen in- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Brucellosis o Tests for detection of brucellosis in herds of cattle.Rapid plate agglutination testRose bengal card testo Tests to detect antibodies in milk.Milk ring testWhey agglutination test | 1 | Brucellosis | Bacteroides | Tuberculosis | Salmonellosis | Microbiology | Bacteria | 9ec4c16e-33d6-428c-b88b-1a98b9075728 | single |
Odds ratio is related to: | Relative risk | 2 | Incidence | Relative risk | Attributable risk | Prevalence | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d18bcb14-2951-42a9-ae11-edeffc73b07b | single |
A 50-year-old man presented with multiple pathological fractures. His serum calcium was 11.5 mg/dl and phosphate was 2.5 mg/dl. Alkaline phosphatase was 940 I.U./dl. The most probable diagnosis is - | Multiple pathological fractures, high calcium, low phosphate and high alkaline phosphatase suggest the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. | 4 | Osteoporosis | Osteomalacia | Multiple myeloma | Hyperparathyroidism | Orthopaedics | null | 31dc776b-20cc-4ff7-980e-1859c4fe72d9 | single |
Omenn syndrome is | Omenn syndrome is an autosomal recessive form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) characterized by erythroderma (skin redness), desquamation (peeling skin), alopecia (hair loss), chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes ), eosinophilia, hepatosplenomegaly , and elevated serum Re... | 4 | Squamous cell carcinoma | Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis | IgA deficiency | SCID | Dental | miscellaneous | 95f96871-e66c-417c-91ec-a71d05751c28 | single |
. Respiratory centre depression is caused by all except- | Strychnine is a toxic alkaloid that acts as an antagonist of the inhibitory glycine receptor of CNS,thereby producing overstimulation of nervous system. Barbiturates,opioids and gelsemium(yellow jasmine) are potential respiratory centre depressants. | 2 | Opium | Strychnine | Barbiturates | Gelsemium | Medicine | Respiratory system | bed542ba-073b-44ec-8198-396fd6f70622 | multi |
Diagrams used to show percentage breakdowns for qualitative data | null | 1 | Pie diagram | Bar diagram | Histogram | Cartogram | Dental | null | dd815153-8f62-40d3-889d-12a1a9250c4f | single |
Which of the following is true regarding Von Willebrand disease? | Ref. Robbins Pathology. 9th edition. Page. 667
Von Willebrand’s factor is a glycoprotein made in epithelial cells and megakaryocytes which:
Acts as a bridging molecule between platelets and the sub-endothelium
Helps platelets bind to each other
Is a carrier of factor VIII, helping to prevent its breakdown in the cir... | 4 | Type 1 & 3 are associated with quantitative defects in vWF | Normal platelet count | Desmopressin stimulates release of VWF | All of the above. | Unknown | null | e4080713-10cd-4eab-ae1e-bad630afdb8c | multi |
The most common intraperitoneal abscess following peritonitis is | null | 2 | Subphrenic | Pelvic | Paracolic | Interloop | Surgery | null | 735b4061-f92e-446b-a086-ca90f119be67 | single |
Cis atracurium is preferred over atracurium due to advantage of | Cisatracurium is preferred over atracurium as it does not release histamine. Onset of action is same for both atracurium and cisatracurium. Cis-atracurium has longer duration of action. | 3 | Rapid onset | Sho duration of action | No histamine release | Less cardiodepressant | Anaesthesia | Muscle relaxants | 2c33a7ae-e6a6-4402-b650-6fd3a0a81b0f | single |
Ulcer serpens is caused by: | Ulcer serpens is a characteristic ulcer caused by pneumococci, it has a tendency to creep over cornea in a serpiginous fashion. Greyish white/ yellowish disc like lesion near centre of cornea, opacity is greater at the edges than at the centre paicularly well marked in one direction. Violent iritis is present and there... | 1 | Pneumococci | Pseudomonas | Staph aureus | Fusarium | Ophthalmology | null | 70eb9168-3104-47af-87c3-f9556116f3c8 | single |
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to parotid gland relay at | Sensory root by the auriculotemporal nerve. Sympathetic root is by the sympathetic plexus around middle meningeal aery. Secretomotor root is by the lesser petrosal nerve from the tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX. Motor root is by a branch from nerve to medial pterygoid. Ref BDC volume3,6th edition pg 311 | 2 | Geniculate ganglion | Otic ganglion | Sub mandibular ganglion | Stellate ganglion | Anatomy | Head and neck | 4dc1789a-d3ef-4de6-90d6-c9a3e005909a | single |
Which is Eaton agent? | Ref: Ananthnarayan R. Paniker CKJ. Textbook of Microbiology. 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press: 2009. Pg. 389.Explanation:Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes primary atypical pneumoniaEaton (1944) was the first to isolate the causative agent of the disease in hamsters and cotton rats.He was able to transmit the infec... | 1 | Mycoplasma | H.influenza | Klebsiella | Chlamydia | Microbiology | Bacteria | 51c4bae7-3f7d-4df9-92ea-ee06095d65cb | single |
All are true about Air-embolism except | (D) Decreased residual volume # Venous Air Embolism:> Venous air embolism (VAE), the entry of gas into the peripheral or central vasculature, can occur secondary to iatrogenic complications, trauma, and even certain recreational activities.> Gas emboli are usually composed of air, but they can also occur with medically... | 4 | Increased end tidal CO2 | Acidosis | Decreased end tidal O2 | Decreased residual volume | Medicine | Miscellaneous | 26902f09-a030-419f-816c-ba2a08c57a6c | multi |
Gene encoding which protein is defective in Dubin Johnson syndrome? | B. MRP2(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1931, 1938)In Dubin Johnson syndrome, ABCC2 gene is affected, that codes for MRP2 protein. Absent function of multiple drug-resistant protein 2 (MRP2), an adenosine triphosphate-dependent canalicular transporter, is the responsible defect, that leads to defective conjugated bilirubin excret... | 2 | JAG1 | MRP2 | ATP7A | ATP 7B | Pediatrics | Gastro Intestinal System | a2ceca65-07a9-4c10-af36-422460127ccf | single |
Which of the following condition does not present with both mullerian and wolffian duct structures? | Karyotype is 46 XY
Since Y chromosome is present gonads are testis, i.e. they are males. In this syndrome, in males - Sertoli cells fail to secrete Mullerian inhibiting substance and the Mullerian duct is present.
Since Leyding cell is also present, they secrete testosterone normally, thus Wolffian duct is also present... | 2 | Antimullerian hormone deficiency | FSH receptor mutation | Ovotesticular syndrome | Mixed gonadal dysgenesis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 2042d92c-0f20-4f51-9247-12155d55ea01 | multi |
Van-Nuys classification does not include which of the following? | Van Nuy's prognostic index (VNPI) was designed for DCIS patients, to determine which patients do not required radiotherapy after tumour resection. Size of tumour Width of margins Age of patient Grade Microcalcification (mnemonic: - micro SWAG) | 4 | Patients age | Size of tumor | Presence of microcalcification | Her-2-neu receptor status | Surgery | Breast | 648d1841-9a58-4c3c-b2e7-7ad3360ca547 | single |
Hair growth correlates with serum androgen levels in all these areas EXCEPT... | Hirsutism is excessive growth of terminal hair in a male pattern distribution. This is different from hyperichosis, which is excessive hair growth everywhere in the body Quantification is done using Ferriman Gallway Scoring This refers paicularly to midline hair, side burns, moustache, beard, chest or intermammary hair... | 2 | Inter-mammary | Eye Brows | Beard | Inner thigh | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pubeal Changes | 910a57a8-e197-4ddb-872c-5a16ad3ef9a1 | multi |
Chimeric human / murine monoclonal antibody'are - | Monoclonal mouse IgG1 antibody against human CD20 Rituximab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of various lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia also used in treatment of ebola . Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1078 | 2 | Adalimumab | Rituximab | Muromonab | Trastuzumab | Medicine | Infection | f163ae19-466c-42b8-875b-be5c0e643b3f | single |
Which one of the following local anaesthetics belongs to the ester group? | null | 1 | Procaine | Buovacaine | Lignocaine | Mepivacaine | Surgery | null | a8bf2092-7078-4785-9354-99ec0946569e | single |
Periodontitis may best be described as | null | 1 | A chronic inflammatory disease with periods of remission and exacerbation | A chronic inflammatory disease that usually does not manifest itself clinically before the age of 40 | A degenerative disease of the periodontium | An acute inflammatory disease of long duration | Dental | null | ba662dd6-42f0-4c30-9a79-c3b8f7201aa6 | multi |
Agent used for sterilization - | All are disinfectants but ethylene oxide is used for sterilizing hea-lung machines ,respiratory sutures ,dental equipments books and clothings. it is unsuitable for fumigating rooms because of its explosive propey. it has been successfully used to sterilise a wide range of materials such as glass metal and paper surfac... | 1 | Ethylene oxide | Ionizing radiation | 2% gluteraldehyde | Formaldehyde with low pressure steam | Microbiology | general microbiology | eea85ca4-d892-48a5-99c2-90ba29581479 | single |
The cell bodies of orexinergic neurons are present in: | Orexin-containing cell bodies are found exclusively in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), perifornical area (PFA), and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) while orexin-containing fibers and terminals are widely distributed in almost all of the brain regions. Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition, Page 238; Ne... | 3 | Locus ceruleus | Dorsal raphe | Lateral hypothalamic area | Hippocampus | Physiology | null | 9ca2a426-997b-4254-b73f-dee0709b6b29 | single |
A two–year child is classified as having pneumonia, if the respiratory rate is more than – | null | 2 | 30/min | 40/min | 50/min | 60/min | Pediatrics | null | 2bedff23-3407-4bee-a53c-9127c3da272a | single |
All are related to recurrent shoulder dislocation except | D i.e. Rotator cuff injury | 4 | Hill sachs defect | Banka lesion | Lax capsule | Rotator cuff injury | Surgery | null | 6b428432-df72-4866-9a29-975ca38e77fd | multi |
Cock-up splint is used for: September 2011 | Ans. C: Radial nerve injury Cock-up splint is used for radial nerve palsy (extensors of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints paralyzed) Splints in Ohopaedics: Aeroplane splint: Brachial plexus injury Von Rosen splint: Congenital dislocation of hip/ DDH Knuckle bender splint: Ulnar nerve injury | 3 | Axillary nerve injury | Ulnar nerve injury | Radial nerve injury | Median nerve injury | Surgery | null | 56e7f745-46fe-426e-9ac7-9faed51904ae | single |
A young male Kallu is brought to the hospital with severe asthma. The pharmacokinetics of theophylline include the following parameters: Vd = 35 L; CL = 48 ml/min; half life is 8 hrs. If an intravenous infusion of theophylline is started at a rate of 0.48 mg/min, how long will it take to reach 93.75% of the final stead... | null | 4 | Approximately 48 min | Approximately 5.8 hrs | Approximately 8 hrs | Approximately 32 hrs | Pharmacology | null | e3d38626-2706-4811-af4f-30395213ccd9 | multi |
A 5-year-old child presents with pustular lesions on the lower legs. The culture from the lesion showed hemolytic colonies on blood agar which were Gram-positive cocci. Provisional diagnosis of Group A streptococcal pyoderma can be done by? | Ans. (a) Catalase positivity Pyoderma (Impetigo Superficial infection of the skin, caused primarily by Group A Streptococci and Staphylococci Usual site of infection are face (paicularly around nose and mouth) and the legs Diagnosis is based on the culture and staining of indeginous lesion. Gram positive cocci if catal... | 1 | Catalase positivity | Optochin sensitivity | Bile solubility | Bacitracin sensitivity | Microbiology | null | 117bbc99-764e-4835-81c8-fcba1ef71409 | single |
DAX 1 gene Mutation is associated with | Ans. C. Congenital adrenal hypoplasiaExplanationDAX1 mutation is seen in congenital adrenal hypoplasia.DAX1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1) is a nuclear receptor protein encoded by the NROBlgene.DAX1 plays an important role in the normal development of severa... | 3 | Cushing's disease | Hashimoto's disease | Congenital adrenal hypoplaisa | Addison's disease | Pathology | Endocrine | 72e06faa-e3aa-42f0-a8df-25f6c4607f65 | single |
Post head injury, the patient had conductive deafness and on examination, tympanic membrane was normal and mobile. Likely diagnosis is: | Fracture temporal bone (more commonly longitudinal) extending to external canal: tympanic membrane is frequently torn and inner ear is spared.Blood or CSF in external and middle ear.Damage to ossicle (most frequent being incudo-stapedial joint) resulting in more severe and permanent conductive deafness.Aseptic necrosis... | 1 | Distoion of ossicular chain | Hemotympanum | EAC sclerosis | Otosclerosis | ENT | null | 02b5e3a9-e83c-4579-afc6-901bf0b2ea0e | single |
Vitremer is? | null | 1 | Resin modified GIC | Metal modified GIC | Organically modified composite | Polyacid modified composite | Dental | null | 82057812-b3e3-43d7-a681-32f232c2017a | multi |
Which of the following is not a part of lower motor neuron? | Ans. B Peripheral gangliaRef: Gray's, 41st ed. pg. 231, 303Lower motor neuron (LMN): It consists of-* Anterior horn cells or homologous cells in brainstem* Anterior spinal nerve root* Peripheral nerve | 2 | Anterior nerve root | Peripheral ganglia | Peripheral nerve | Anterior horn cells | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy | 8c9005ae-a00a-4a5c-b273-9059907adf4b | single |
All are used in hyperkalemia except | 50 ml of 50% dextrose Dextrose alone It was earlier believed that administration of dextrose alone can cause shift of potassium inside the cells by promoting insulin releases. The administration of hypeonic dextrone alone for hyperkalemia is not recommended for two reasons. - Endogenous insulin levels are unlikely to r... | 1 | 50 ml of 50% dextrose | Sodium bicarbonate | Salbutamol | Salbutamol | Surgery | null | 629c75f5-4fd7-4572-b701-cde783e34894 | multi |
Intense local pain, swelling, ecchymoses, and oozing of the hemolyzed blood from the site of snake bite is most likely to occur with bite of which species of snake? | Types of venom -- may be* Neurotoxic -- cobra, krait* Hemotoxic -- vipers* Myotoxic -- sea snake Ref: K.S. Narayan Reddy's Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 29th edition, Chapter 28 page-309,310. | 2 | Cobra | Viper | Sea Snakes | Any of the above | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning | db4bfc7c-e7cb-4cba-aa1f-463fe35be346 | multi |
Calcium channel blockers are useful in all, EXCEPT: | null | 3 | Angina | Supraventricular arrhythmia | Sick sinus syndrome | Hypertension | Pharmacology | null | ce53e7e9-8dff-4c49-9bc4-b3e948174d97 | multi |
Most common cause of CRF in adults is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., DM o Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of Renal failure. | 3 | TB | HTN | DM | Scleroderma | Medicine | Chronic Kidney Disease and Uremia | ac7b515b-2a8f-4b27-bdd6-104f3f043eb9 | single |
BRAF V600E mutations are seen in all of the following Except | BRAF V600E (valine conveing to glutamate at the 600th position)is seen in the following cancers:Langerhan's cell histiocytosisHairy cell leukemiaMalignant melanomaPilocytic astrocytoma (WHO Grade I astrocytoma)Ovarian carcinomaEndometrial carcinomaColorectal carcinomaPapillary carcinoma thyroidErdheim Chester disease | 4 | Langherhan's cell histiocytosis | Erdheim Chester disease | Ovarian carcinoma | Grade II astrocytoma | Microbiology | All India exam | 3427def5-9056-40a9-a032-a84041b6d71a | multi |
A 40 years old male had undergone splenectomy 20 years ago. Peripheral blood smear examination would show the presence of: | Howell-Jolly bodies are spherical or ovoid eccentrically located granules in stroma of erythrocytes in stained preparations. These represent nuclear remnants and these occur most frequently after: 1. Splenectomy 2. Megaloblastic anemia 3. Severe hemolytic anemia | 4 | Dohle bodies | Hypersegmented neutrophils | Spherocytes | Howell-Jolly bodies | Pathology | Blood disorder | e12e510b-50c7-4d16-bb12-3454b1295c9f | single |
Social pathology is- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Study of social problems which cause disease in population o Social Pathology: Is the study of social problems which undermine the social, psychological or economical health of the populations; it is used to describe relationship between disease and social conditions. o Social pathology is uncovered b... | 2 | Change in disease pattern due to change in lifestyle | Study of social problems which cause disease in population | Conflicts arising from new oppounities in transitional societies | Study of human relationships and behaviour | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 1f6073db-06cd-467e-b8e8-4c0b2345eaa6 | single |
A total of 130 patients were screened for Disc prolapse by CT scan and confirmation of the disease was made by discectomy operation. Out of 56 patient who screened positive in CT-scan, 46 were confirmed for disease in operation. Rest 74 patient who were screened negative in CT scan, only 40 patient were confirmed negat... | + - Total + a (46) b (10) 56 - c (34) d (40) 74 Sensitivity = x 100 = 46/80 x 100 = 0.575 Specificity = x 100 = 40/50 x100 = 0.80 LR+ = = 0.575/ (1-0.80) = 2.875 LR- = = 1-0.575 / 0.80 = 0.531 | 1 | 2.875 and 0.531 | 6.07 and 1.12 | 1.12 and 6.07 | 0.531 and 2.875 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV | 9291a9ff-3d9f-48d5-86ac-393bd7a25dff | single |
Continuous murmur is found in all, EXCEPT: | Answer is A (Mitral stenosis with Mitral Regurgitation ) Continuous murmur is not associated with mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Patent ductus aeriosus, Rupture of sinus of valsalva and systemic AVfistulas are all associated with continuous murmurs Causes of Continuous Murmur(Hurst) Continuous Murmur caused ... | 1 | Mitral stenosis with mitral regurgitation | Patent ductus aeriosus | Rupture of sinus of Valsalva | Systemic aeriovenous (AV) fistula | Medicine | null | 9c4e4e95-fb0d-4ef2-9ada-d722395c8c59 | multi |
A patient with hypeension presents with following skin lesions. What is the diagnosis? | The image shows a reticular net-like appearance called as livedo reticularis- mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. The discoloration is caused by swelling of the venules owing to obstruction of capillaries by small blood clots. | 1 | Livedo reticularis | Drug-induced rash | Anaphylactoid purpura | Erythromelalgia | Medicine | Vasculitis | 591ef581-1e5e-4a97-b6b6-8d445ee08064 | single |
Inhalational agent of choice for neurosurgery ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Isoflurane Anaesthetic agents of choice for vaous conditions Day care : Ischemic hea disease : Congenital hea disease Left to right shunt : Right to left shunt : CHF : Shock To produce delibrate hypotenion Epilepsy : For electroconvulsive therapy : Thyrotoxicosis : Cardiac surgery : Neurosurgery : Pro... | 3 | Halothane | Enflurane | Isoflurane | N20 | Anaesthesia | null | c7876ccd-0e39-45cd-a110-bcffa2c9b934 | single |
Thiazides can cause | Anti hypeensive agents like thiazides and -blockers can cause impotence. It is maximum with thiazides among anti-hypeensive drugs and is thought to be due to volume depletion. | 4 | Hyperkalemic paralysis | Hypouricemia | Hypolipidemia | Impotence | Pharmacology | Endocrinology | f5e0a817-186f-411b-b279-ffe1f799bfa6 | single |
Increased permeability in acute inflammation is due to - | Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 34 Endothelial cell contraction leading to ntercellular gaps in postcapillary venules is the most common cause of increased vascular permeability. Endothelial injury occurs rapidly after the binding of histamine, bradykinin, leukotiens, and many other mediators to specific re... | 1 | Histamine | IL-2 | TGF-b | FGF | Pathology | General pathology | cc4c70f2-1ddb-41b1-b274-e90d3ada0773 | single |
Right hepatic duct drains all, except- | Segments V, and VI are part of the right hepatic lobe and are therefore drain into the right hepatic duct.
Segments III is a part of the left hepatic lobe and is, therefore, drains into the left hepatic duct.
Segment I (Caudate lobe), though anatomically is a part of the left lobe, is functionally is part of both right... | 2 | Segment I | Segment III | Segment V | Segment VI | Anatomy | null | ddd2a23d-38f1-4d8d-a20f-23ac728e2dbd | multi |
Sprinter gets its immediate energy from | Muscular activity accounts for much of the body&;s energy consumption. Muscles have a sho-term store of energy in the form of creatine phosphate which is generated from ATP and can regenerate ATP when needed with creatine kinase. Muscles also keep a storage form of glucose in the form of glycogen. Glycogen can be rapid... | 3 | Glycogen | Fatty acid | Creatine phosphate | None | Physiology | Endocrinology | b8229854-4844-4fed-b53f-eff1012c33ba | multi |
Optic atrophy may occur in all, except: | Leprosy | 2 | Glaucoma | Leprosy | Pituitary tumor | Methanol intake | Ophthalmology | null | 733d7813-6d67-4f06-a523-11963082adf9 | multi |
"Central clearing" is seen with | Central clearing: Tinea
Central Crusting: Leishmaniasis
Central Scarring: Lupus vulgaris. | 3 | Leishmaniasis | Lupus vulgaris | Tinea | Histoplasmosis | Dental | null | ff039078-23b8-420d-8d61-3d882970727a | single |
Test to detect maternal sensitization - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Indirect coombs test | 2 | Direct coombs test | Indirect coombs test | Both | None | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pregnancy in Rh-negative Women | af6da804-09c1-4e68-8ddd-2c690cc5b1c7 | multi |
Cyst which develops from Rests of Serres is: | Rests of Serres (Dental lamina)
OKC
Lateral periodontal cyst
Glandular odontogenic cyst
Gingival cyst of infants and adults | 2 | Residual cyst | Odontogenic keratocyst | Dentigerous cyst | Radicular cyst | Pathology | null | 4b4fa2b1-fa68-435c-a288-600ba1417882 | single |
Alt of the following drugs are used for prevention and treatment of PPH except | Mifepristone is an antiprogesterone,which is used for medicak termination of pregnancy.It is also being researched for use in term pregnancies at a dose of 200mg.It is recommended for use in intrauterine fetal demise at a dose of 600mg daily for 2 days.Other given options are used for the treatment of PPH. Refer page n... | 4 | Misoprostol | Oxytocin | Ergometrine | Mifepristone | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | 0ce7b26f-8356-4888-bc86-e5884839791a | multi |
All of the following techniques are used to control bleeding from bone during mastoid surgery except - | Cutting drill over the bleeding area will increase the bleeding instead of stopping it.
Diamond drill over the bleeding area will produce heat and stop the bleeding
Bipolar cautery can be used to control bleeding during mastoid surgery (Not monopolar cautery)
Bone wax is also commonly used to control bleeding during ma... | 1 | Cutting drill over the bleeding area | Diamond drill over the bleeding area | Bipolar cautery over the bleeding area | Bone wax | ENT | null | d4f8170d-6b81-415a-8d19-7370a0ff67f0 | multi |
Toxin in mushroom poisoning principally affects: March 2011 | Ans. D: Nerves Toxins of mushroom (poison) are parasympathomimetic Mushroom poisoning Main sign and symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody vomitus and stools, enlarged tender liver and jaundice, oliguria, pulmonary edema, mental confusion, convulsions, coma Average fatal dose: 1/2 to 1 mushroom Fatal period: 3-6 ... | 4 | Liver | Lung | Bladder | Nerves | Forensic Medicine | null | b0680425-e600-4edc-b461-dd320920b17f | multi |
A study of persons receiving emergent medical services is conducted. It is observed that 5% of persons with sudden cardiac arrest who receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation survive. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for cardiac arrest in these survivors? | The most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest is ischemic heart disease. The risk of sudden death is increased with worsening atherosclerotic coronary arterial narrowing. However, the first event with an acute coronary syndrome is typically an arrhythmia, and this is why resuscitation, including defibrillation, can be... | 1 | Arrhythmia | Infarction | Inflammation | Valve failure | Pathology | C.V.S | b6bcde84-2467-4a92-a83c-8cebf448b17a | single |
A 33-year-old woman discovers a lump in her left breast on self-examination. Her mother and sister both had breast cancer. A mammogram demonstrates an ill-defined density in the outer quadrant of the left breast, with microcalcifications. Needle aspiration reveals the presence of malignant, ductal epithelial cells. Gen... | Breast (BR) cancer (CA) susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) encode tumor suppressor proteins involved in checkpoint functions related to the progression of the cell cycle into the S phase. BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins also promote DNA repair by binding to RAD51, a molecule that mediates DNA double-strand repair breaks. ... | 3 | Apoptosis | Cell Adhesion | DNA Repair | Gene Transcription | Pathology | Tumour markers | af766c47-6602-4ffc-aa3d-289a57723ccc | multi |
Which of the following would distinguish hydrocephalusdue to aqueductal stenosis when compared to thatdue to Dandy walker malformation: | . Posterior fossa volume. | 2 | Third ventricle size | Posterior fossa volume. | Lateral ventricular size | Head circumference. | Pathology | null | ca419bbf-da7f-40b6-955e-3ff472e01edc | single |
Position of rupture of hymen in a virgin after rape: PGI 09; AP 09 | Ans. 5'O clock | 2 | 3'O clock | 5'O clock | 11'O clock | 12'O clock | Forensic Medicine | null | 3a0fecab-7be0-4416-a070-4c3a656abd87 | single |
Death rates of two countries are best compared by - | .standardised moality ratio is the ratio of total number of deaths that occur in the study group to the number of deaths that would have been expected to occur if that study group had experienced the death rates of a standardised population.it gives a measure of the likely excess risk o moality due to the occupation.it... | 3 | Crude death rate | Propoional crude death rate | Standardized moality rate | Age specific death rate | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 47fca4cc-dfb1-4d5c-b10b-70162daf0fe7 | single |
According to biophysics, in which pa of eye does maximum refraction occur? | Cornea The cornea is the first and most powerful refracting surface of the eye. Light passes through the transparent cornea on its way to the retina. It has a greater curvature than the rest of the eyeball and a refractive power of approximately 44 dioptres. | 1 | Cornea | Aqueous humor | Centre of the lens | Periphery of the lens | Ophthalmology | Cornea | 50b5f410-f85e-4386-bc4f-5255bb718b83 | single |
Frey's syndrome is caused due to damage to: | Gustatory sweating (auriculotemporal syndrome) commonly occurs following parotid surgery or other surgery or trauma that results in opening of the parotid capsule. It is thought to arise as a result of damage to the autonomic nerve fibres supplying the parotid gland and the overlying sweat glands. During the healing pr... | 2 | Postauricular nerve | Auriculotemporal nerve | Both of the above | None of the above | Anatomy | null | 4714ec0c-8a21-4ef8-b4fa-dd50621564d1 | multi |
Which of the following trinucleotide repeat disorder and the repeat is wrongly paired? | Disease Repeat Fragile X syndrome CGG Friedreich's Ataxia GAA Myotonic dystrophy CTG Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease), Spinocerebellar ataxia, Huntington's disease CAG | 2 | Kennedy disease - CAG | Friedreich's Ataxia - CGG | Myotonic dystrophy - CTG | Huntington's chorea - CAG | Biochemistry | Genetic Disorders | 4cfb9fcf-da1f-42ad-b550-62ff5c5533d7 | single |
Axonotmesis includes discontinuity in: | D i.e. Axon | 4 | Perineurium | Epineuri um | Endoneurium | Axon | Physiology | null | bbc4c40a-628b-405a-9d10-96a38afc7eb6 | single |
Which of the following microorganism initially colonise the burns wound? | Ans. B. Staphylococcus. (Ref. Bailey and Love 25th/pg. 387)Staphylococcus colonizes burn wounds.Infection control in burns patients# Bums patients are immunocompromised# They are susceptible to infection from many routes# Sterile precautions must be rigorous# Swabs should be taken regularly# A rise in white blood cell ... | 2 | E. Coli | Staphylococcus | Proteus | Pseudomonas | Surgery | Burns | 3cf83f67-86aa-4de0-a9e0-d928bf6c3b51 | multi |
Stage lb cervical cancer is diagnosed in a young woman. Assuming that the cancer is confirmed to the cervix and that intraoperative biopsies are negative, which of the following structure would not be removed during the radical hysterectomy? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Both ovaries * Radical hysterectomy is most often used as a primary treatment for early cervical cancer (stage 1A2, IB, and IIA), and occasionally as a primary treatment for uterine cancer. In either case, there must be no evidence of spread beyond the operative field, as suggested by negative intraop... | 4 | Uterosacral and uterovesical ligaments | Pelvic nodes | The entire parametrium on both sides of the cervix | Both ovaries | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | ba91f070-d9df-4322-bbdb-dc6f374addb7 | multi |
Which of the following statements are TRUE about diaphragm:1. Left side pushed down by hea2. Left side lower than right3. Right side lower than left4. Right side pushed up by liver5. Hernia common on left because of weak origin | "The convex dome of diaphragm on right side is higher because of large size of the right lobe of liver" Level of diaphragm:Site of diaphragmatic herniaRight dome: Upper border of 5th rib (about 2.5 cm higher than left side)Left dome: Lower border of 5th ribCentral tendon: Xiphisternal jointThe pleuroperitoneal canal is... | 1 | 2,4 & 5 | 1,3 & 5 | 1,2 & 4 | 1,4 & 5 | Anatomy | null | b10e956c-b3d2-48e8-b31a-f63e5a7fa1a6 | multi |
The mechanism of genetic transfer where a phage serves as a vehicle is - | TRANSFORMATION: it is the transfer of genetic information through the agency of free DNA REF:Ananthanarayan and Panicker's Textbook ofMicrobiology 8thEdition pg no:63 | 1 | Transformation | Translation | Conjugation | Lysogeny | Microbiology | general microbiology | 156bc4ea-4784-40a1-b071-0a2a9cc5e0be | single |
A 48-year-old woman has a lower back pain and hypoesthesia in the left S1 dermatomal distribution (left calf and lateral left foot). What is the most likely cause? | Thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves exit off the spinal canal immediately below the pedicle of the corresponding numbered veebra. The left S1 root, for example, passes immediately dorsal to the L5-S1 disc where it can be susceptible to compression by a herniated nucleus pulposus. The root then swings laterally to exit ... | 3 | A lesion at the right L4-L5 interspace | Pathology where the nerve exits the spinal canal immediately above the pedicle of S3 veebra | A herniated nucleus pulposus | Compression by the L5 lamina | Surgery | Cerebrovascular Diseases | 17d37dc8-b154-4359-9803-d8e84ec00d5d | multi |
The ideal temperature of water bath for softening fluid wax is about | null | 2 | 51 to 54 degree F | 51 to 54 degree C | 70 to 75 degree F | 70 to 75 degree C | Dental | null | fa606d51-69f4-49c4-9e83-89436b4772fd | single |
Eosinophilic abscess in lymph node is characteristically seen in - | Answer is option 1, kimura's disease This picture is suggestive of Kimura's disease which usually presents as painless, sometimes disfiguring, subcutaneous nodules in the head and neck region, with eosinophilia and adenopathy. Although, it may mimic a neoplastic process, it is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown ... | 1 | Kimura's disease | Hodgkin's lymphoma | Tuberculosis | Sarcoidosis | Pathology | Haematology | a1c5c41c-1d38-4d71-8185-5f50af2805d8 | multi |
Amount of a drug X administered to a patient is 4.0 g and its plasma concentration is found to be 50 mg/ml,what will be the volume of distribution of drug X ? | null | 2 | 100L | 80L | 60L | 50L | Pharmacology | null | a7d29e1b-d85a-4f5c-bf71-91a349ea8e5f | single |
The usual location of dieulafoy's lesion is in the: | Dieulafoy's lesion Large (1- to 3-mm) submucosal aery that protrudes through the mucosa. It is not associated with a peptic ulcer. It can lead to massive bleeding. Usually is located in the gastric fundus, within 6 cm of the GE junction. Ref: Sleisenger and Fordtran's, E-9, P-299. | 1 | Fundus of the stomach | Body of the stomach | Pylorus of the stomach | First pa of the duodenum | Medicine | null | c361241c-f190-4607-bc31-cb85419f402e | single |
A 40-year old diabetic patient presents with proptosis of one eye and black eschar over palate. The likely organism is: | Mucormycosis can affect the upper respiratory, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. The clinical manifestation of the condition is headache with nasal discharge and sinus pain. Infection quickly spreads from the sinuses to contiguous structures. Ocular involvement manifests as proptosis,... | 4 | Pseudomonas | Candida | E. coli | Mucor | Medicine | Endocrinology | 1e0a4833-c273-448a-b231-87b0e814f308 | single |
To achieve neonatal tetanus elimination, incidence of eonatal tetanus per 1000 live births should be reduced to less than - | null | 1 | 0.1 | 2 | 0.5 | 1 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 10aa7a7b-6888-4a21-99dd-c230218b6810 | single |
Hybrid muscles | Hybrid muscles also called as COMPOSITE MUSCLES are those muscles which have more than one set of fibers but perform the same function and are usually supplied by different nerves for different set of fibers. | 4 | These are the muscles having different set of fibers performing the same function | E.g. Pectineus & Biceps Femoris | Receive nerve supply by different nerves | All are true | Anatomy | Muscles of arm and forearm region & Cubital fossa | b5fda160-2125-46a0-8b6b-22bc8cb0def7 | multi |
Face bows are classified as: | null | 2 | Arbitrary face bow | Arbitrary and kinematic face bow | Arbitrary and value face bow | None of the above | Dental | null | 8b70f7ed-987f-4136-816b-1e0738bbca94 | multi |
All of the following statements are true about chaperones except that they | Protein folding requires a specialized group of proteins,refered as chaperones. Chaperones are also known as "heat-shock proteins" and "stress proteins" Chaperones bind to the hydrophobic regions of an extended polypeptide and are impoant in keeping the protein unfolded,until its synthesis is completed. Reference: Harp... | 4 | Belong to heat shock proteins | Are also known as stress proteins | Paicipate in protein folding | Bind to the hydrophilic regions of an extended polypeptide | Anatomy | General anatomy | e0e93335-12a3-4898-b781-2f9265feb2e8 | multi |
In normal X–ray of shoulder which is'superior most structure – | From superior to inferior (important structure on X-ray sholder) :- Clavicle : Acromian : Coracoid : Superior margin of humeral head : greater tubercle : anatomical neck : surgical neck. | 3 | Greater tubercle | Surgical neck of humerus | Coracoid process | Head of humerus | Radiology | null | b152c872-cccf-4b80-8e4d-7b5feee8e583 | single |
Fatty acid with even number of carbon atoms on oxidation produces: | Fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms are oxidized by the pathway of b-oxidation, producing acetyl-CoA, until a three-carbon (propionyl-CoA) residue remains. This compound is conveed to succinyl-CoA, a constituent of the citric acid cycle. Hence, the propionyl residue from an odd-chain fatty acid is the only p... | 1 | Acetyl CoA | Succinyl CoA | Propionyl CoA | All of the above | Biochemistry | null | 9ba4cb90-175e-4063-9c18-b1b5d34fecf6 | multi |
The staining useful for antemorten diagnosis of rabies is - | Ans-A | 4 | Seller | Macchiavillo | Giemsa | Fluorescent | Unknown | null | 82762638-98f1-49c3-873f-019442ec92ae | single |
Hypercalcemia is caused by all EXCEPT : | LOOP loses CALCIUM. Loop diuretics cause hypocalcemia by more excretion whereas thiazides cause hyperkalemia by decreasing its excretion. | 1 | Loop diuretics | Lithium | Vitamin D intoxication | Thiazides | Pharmacology | null | 6934250c-388d-458c-aba4-d1aede54421b | multi |
A 24-vear-old lady with 24 hrs comes with complains of pain in the right iliac fossa, vomiting, central dyspareunia, rebound tenderness and with a temperature of 37degC. Pregnancy test negative. The probable diagnosis is | (B) Acute PID # Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an inflammatory disorder of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent pelvic structures. Risk factors for PID include young age at first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, and tobacco smoking. A delay in diagnosis or treatment... | 2 | Acute appendicitis | Acute PID | Ectopic Pregnancy | Endometriosis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 5fe2e075-3538-4309-baa9-c5dfd25f3af0 | single |
Normal PCWP with pulmonary oedema is seen in | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1763 The use of a Swan-Ganz catheter permits measurement of PCWP and helps differentiate high-pressure (cardiogenic) from normal- pressure (noncardiogenic) causes of pulmonary edema. High altitude has been grouped together as one of the miscellaneous causes for ARDS reflecting pulmonary oedema ... | 2 | Left atrial myxoma | High altitude | Pulmonary vein obstruction | Pulmonary aery obstruction | Medicine | C.V.S | e85515d6-016b-4cc6-ac0c-5ae778526a92 | single |
Which of the following is not a CSF finding in tubercular meningitis? | CSF findings in tubercular meningitis includes: Elevated opening pressure High leukocyte count ( 1000/microl) predominantly lymphocytes Increased protein (100 - 800/mg/dl) Low glucose AFB seen on direct smear of CSF Culture of CSF is diagnostic and is the gold standard | 4 | Low sugar | Lymphocytic pleocytosis | High protein | Opening pressure is low | Medicine | null | 79d64e06-6f38-4587-8d5b-adedb47f9415 | single |
Property of acquiring antibiotic resistance from viral colony is by: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Transduction (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 59 and 8th/e, p. 63, 67, 681)Acquiring antibiotic resistance by viral colony (bacteriophage) is by transduction. | 3 | Transference | Conjugation | Transduction | Mutation | Microbiology | General | f72ef4e0-1b4c-45c4-a263-6f80e772a2a9 | single |
Ketamine contraindicated in all except- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Asthma o Ketamine increases cerebral blood flow, metabolism, oxygen consumption and intracranial tension, unlike thiopentone, propofol&etomidate, which have cerebroprotectiveeffect, therefore ketamine is contraindicated in head injury, intracranial space occupying lesions and for neuroanaesthesia.o Ce... | 3 | Head injury | Hypertension | Asthma | Glaucoma | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia | 25512202-a501-4054-89d2-534d16882028 | multi |
The Otic Ganglion: | It is a peripheral parasympathetic ganglion which relays secretomotor fibres to the parotid gland.
Topographically, it is intimately related to the mandibular nerve, but functionally it is a part of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
The sympathetic root is derived from the plexus on the middle meningeal artery. It contains p... | 3 | Is in relation to maxillary nerve | Receives preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, through the greater superficial petrosal nerve | Sends postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to auriculotemporal nerve | Is related to the tensor tympani | Anatomy | null | a021d296-1e7f-4111-a16c-092d0b3fb40f | single |
Vaginal delivery is impossible in : | Persistent Mento-posterior presentation | 1 | Persistent Mento-posterior presentation | Persistent occipito-posterior presentation | Mento-anterior presentation | Breech presentation | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 50846faf-a29d-4178-82b6-bc7c212454e9 | single |
Gene for major histocompatibility complex is located on which chromosome? | Major histocompatibility complex also called the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) is a 4 megabase region on chromosome 6. The region is densely packed with genes.
The gene encodes two major proteins or antigens i.e., MHC I and MHC | 2 | Chromosome 10 | Chromosome 6 | X chromosome | Chromosome 13 | Pathology | null | ca2f07cf-c570-4eab-b57e-be5eb121c2db | single |
Which of the following is WRONG | Daily water turnover (mL) in the gastrointestinal tract | 3 | Secretion mL/Day Saliva 1500 | Secretion mL/Day Stomach 2500 | Secretion mL/Day Bile 700 | Secretion mL/Day Pancreas 1500 | Physiology | Gastrointestinal System | e730c0e5-60ec-40b7-886e-9d7c9c69a049 | single |
During fixation of Bennett's fracture, which muscle hinders it | D i.e. Abductor pollicis longus Bennett's Fracture dislocation is paial aicular fracture of 1st metacarpal baseQ with trapezium- metacarpal dislocation / subluxation(2. Maintenence of reduction is difficult d/t pull of abductor pollicis longusQ & adductor pollicis muscles. Thumb- Carpo - Meta Carpal (CMC) Fracture Disl... | 4 | Extensor pollicis brevis | Flexor pollicis brevis | Flexor pollicis longus | Abductor pollicis longus | Surgery | null | f736c5cd-f657-43d4-a6a8-cf6c7f37c662 | single |
Antipsychotic drug with maximum hypotensive effect - | null | 3 | Fluphenazine | Trifluperazine | Thioridazine | Haloperidol | Psychiatry | null | dcde9820-0e36-48d8-9394-26f46a6fa4c5 | single |
The biological oxygen demand indicates - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Organic matter | 1 | Organic matter | Bacterial content | Anaerobic bacteria | Chemicals | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3e949155-0f9c-4332-ae09-27ef625cded4 | single |
Crescents are derived from | Crescents are feature of RPGN.
They are made up of parietal epithelial cells,
fibrin and monocytcs / Macrophages. | 3 | Mesangium + fibrin + macrophage | Visceral epithelial cells + fibrin + macrophage | Parietal epithelial cells + fibrin + macrophages | Tubular epithelium + fibrin + macrophages | Pathology | null | 0606f445-fef4-4e45-b367-ac5f5a1b0cec | single |
Number of vitamins required in citric acid cycle is: | Four of the B vitamins are essential in the citric acid cycle and hence energy-yielding metabolism: (1) riboflavin, in the form of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a cofactor for succinate dehydrogenase; (2) niacin, in the form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the electron acceptor for isocitrate dehydroge... | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Biochemistry | null | 5c2b59b2-fa4e-4ee8-9bf0-609b045afd07 | single |
Spermicidal cream which is used in contraceptives? | Spermicidal agents provide a physical barrier to sperm penetration and a chemical spermicidal action. Active ingredient is nonoxynol-9 or octoxynol-9. Spermicides must be deposited high in the vagina in contact with the cervix sholy before intercourse. Duration of maximal effectiveness is usually no more than 1 hour. T... | 2 | Gossypol | Nonoxynol-9 | Cent chroman | Clomiphene | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | FMGE 2019 | f7b67fd0-ddf2-4a53-a55f-81a3d87298ab | single |
Sho gastric vessels are present in which ligament | The sho gastric veins, four or five in number, drain the fundus and left pa of the greater curvature of the stomach, and pass between the two layers of the gastrosplenic ligament to end in the splenic vein or in one of its large tributaries. ref - | 3 | Lienorenal | Gastrophrenic | Gastrosplenic | Gastrocolic | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis | ac84dec2-3295-44fa-874a-c0bf85e3b379 | single |
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