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Features of Raynaud's disease are all except
Raynaud's disease is usually Bilateral.
2
Common in young females
Commonly unilateral
Repeated attacks occur
Peripheral pulses are normally felt
Surgery
null
b337c48e-c023-4764-b857-d67d4d27c7e5
multi
What is true regarding the gamma efferent neuron?
(D) All of the above # SPINDLES have motor nerve supply of their own and these nerves constitute about 30% of fibers in ventral roots, and belong in Erlanger and Gasser's A g group.> Because of their characteristic 3-6 mm diameter in size or called g efferents of Leksell or small motor nerve system.> Larger b motor neu...
4
An 'A' group motor neuron with a smaller diameter than that of alpha efferent neurons
Innervates intrafusal fibres
Innervates muscle fibres that stretch annulospiral bulbar endings
All of the above
Physiology
Nervous System
a36e771d-14e7-4b4d-ad03-a8bf610b6d14
multi
One of the following drugs does not cause thrombocytopenia:
Phenobarbitone
2
Heparin
Phenobarbitone
Quinine
Thiazide
Pharmacology
null
020fbd9a-fe06-409c-8571-72364d6ce93f
single
A 6 year old male presents with irreducible hernia. He had a dnoron seducible hernia for 5 years prior to this. He had bowel movement while examination at surgery, a Richter's hernia was found which of the following is true
Richter's hernia is part of bowl wall entrapped in the hernial sac. Leads to partial occlusion of lumen. Bowel movements.
3
It contains meckel's diverticulam
It presents lateral to the rectus sheath
It may allow normal passage & stools
It present through obturator tomamen.
Surgery
null
fae40ff0-fce8-43cd-b18a-a6f909f32dd2
multi
Milk ring test is seen in-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Brucellosis o Tests for detection of brucellosis in herds of cattle.Rapid plate agglutination testRose bengal card testo Tests to detect antibodies in milk.Milk ring testWhey agglutination test
1
Brucellosis
Bacteroides
Tuberculosis
Salmonellosis
Microbiology
Bacteria
9ec4c16e-33d6-428c-b88b-1a98b9075728
single
Odds ratio is related to:
Relative risk
2
Incidence
Relative risk
Attributable risk
Prevalence
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
d18bcb14-2951-42a9-ae11-edeffc73b07b
single
A 50-year-old man presented with multiple pathological fractures. His serum calcium was 11.5 mg/dl and phosphate was 2.5 mg/dl. Alkaline phosphatase was 940 I.U./dl. The most probable diagnosis is -
Multiple pathological fractures, high calcium, low phosphate and high alkaline phosphatase suggest the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism.
4
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia
Multiple myeloma
Hyperparathyroidism
Orthopaedics
null
31dc776b-20cc-4ff7-980e-1859c4fe72d9
single
Omenn syndrome is
Omenn syndrome is an autosomal recessive form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) characterized by erythroderma (skin redness), desquamation (peeling skin), alopecia (hair loss), chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes ), eosinophilia, hepatosplenomegaly , and elevated serum Re...
4
Squamous cell carcinoma
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
IgA deficiency
SCID
Dental
miscellaneous
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single
. Respiratory centre depression is caused by all except-
Strychnine is a toxic alkaloid that acts as an antagonist of the inhibitory glycine receptor of CNS,thereby producing overstimulation of nervous system. Barbiturates,opioids and gelsemium(yellow jasmine) are potential respiratory centre depressants.
2
Opium
Strychnine
Barbiturates
Gelsemium
Medicine
Respiratory system
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multi
Diagrams used to show percentage breakdowns for qualitative data
null
1
Pie diagram
Bar diagram
Histogram
Cartogram
Dental
null
dd815153-8f62-40d3-889d-12a1a9250c4f
single
Which of the following is true regarding Von Willebrand disease?
Ref. Robbins Pathology. 9th edition. Page. 667   Von Willebrand’s factor is a glycoprotein made in epithelial cells and megakaryocytes which: Acts as a bridging molecule between platelets and the sub-endothelium Helps platelets bind to each other Is a carrier of factor VIII, helping to prevent its breakdown in the cir...
4
Type 1 & 3 are associated with quantitative defects in vWF
Normal platelet count
Desmopressin stimulates release of VWF
All of the above.
Unknown
null
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multi
The most common intraperitoneal abscess following peritonitis is
null
2
Subphrenic
Pelvic
Paracolic
Interloop
Surgery
null
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single
Cis atracurium is preferred over atracurium due to advantage of
Cisatracurium is preferred over atracurium as it does not release histamine. Onset of action is same for both atracurium and cisatracurium. Cis-atracurium has longer duration of action.
3
Rapid onset
Sho duration of action
No histamine release
Less cardiodepressant
Anaesthesia
Muscle relaxants
2c33a7ae-e6a6-4402-b650-6fd3a0a81b0f
single
Ulcer serpens is caused by:
Ulcer serpens is a characteristic ulcer caused by pneumococci, it has a tendency to creep over cornea in a serpiginous fashion. Greyish white/ yellowish disc like lesion near centre of cornea, opacity is greater at the edges than at the centre paicularly well marked in one direction. Violent iritis is present and there...
1
Pneumococci
Pseudomonas
Staph aureus
Fusarium
Ophthalmology
null
70eb9168-3104-47af-87c3-f9556116f3c8
single
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to parotid gland relay at
Sensory root by the auriculotemporal nerve. Sympathetic root is by the sympathetic plexus around middle meningeal aery. Secretomotor root is by the lesser petrosal nerve from the tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX. Motor root is by a branch from nerve to medial pterygoid. Ref BDC volume3,6th edition pg 311
2
Geniculate ganglion
Otic ganglion
Sub mandibular ganglion
Stellate ganglion
Anatomy
Head and neck
4dc1789a-d3ef-4de6-90d6-c9a3e005909a
single
Which is Eaton agent?
Ref: Ananthnarayan R. Paniker CKJ. Textbook of Microbiology. 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press: 2009. Pg. 389.Explanation:Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes primary atypical pneumoniaEaton (1944) was the first to isolate the causative agent of the disease in hamsters and cotton rats.He was able to transmit the infec...
1
Mycoplasma
H.influenza
Klebsiella
Chlamydia
Microbiology
Bacteria
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single
All are true about Air-embolism except
(D) Decreased residual volume # Venous Air Embolism:> Venous air embolism (VAE), the entry of gas into the peripheral or central vasculature, can occur secondary to iatrogenic complications, trauma, and even certain recreational activities.> Gas emboli are usually composed of air, but they can also occur with medically...
4
Increased end tidal CO2
Acidosis
Decreased end tidal O2
Decreased residual volume
Medicine
Miscellaneous
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multi
Gene encoding which protein is defective in Dubin Johnson syndrome?
B. MRP2(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1931, 1938)In Dubin Johnson syndrome, ABCC2 gene is affected, that codes for MRP2 protein. Absent function of multiple drug-resistant protein 2 (MRP2), an adenosine triphosphate-dependent canalicular transporter, is the responsible defect, that leads to defective conjugated bilirubin excret...
2
JAG1
MRP2
ATP7A
ATP 7B
Pediatrics
Gastro Intestinal System
a2ceca65-07a9-4c10-af36-422460127ccf
single
Which of the following condition does not present with both mullerian and wolffian duct structures?
Karyotype is 46 XY Since Y chromosome is present gonads are testis, i.e. they are males. In this syndrome, in males - Sertoli cells fail to secrete Mullerian inhibiting substance and the Mullerian duct is present. Since Leyding cell is also present, they secrete testosterone normally, thus Wolffian duct is also present...
2
Antimullerian hormone deficiency
FSH receptor mutation
Ovotesticular syndrome
Mixed gonadal dysgenesis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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multi
Van-Nuys classification does not include which of the following?
Van Nuy's prognostic index (VNPI) was designed for DCIS patients, to determine which patients do not required radiotherapy after tumour resection. Size of tumour Width of margins Age of patient Grade Microcalcification (mnemonic: - micro SWAG)
4
Patients age
Size of tumor
Presence of microcalcification
Her-2-neu receptor status
Surgery
Breast
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single
Hair growth correlates with serum androgen levels in all these areas EXCEPT...
Hirsutism is excessive growth of terminal hair in a male pattern distribution. This is different from hyperichosis, which is excessive hair growth everywhere in the body Quantification is done using Ferriman Gallway Scoring This refers paicularly to midline hair, side burns, moustache, beard, chest or intermammary hair...
2
Inter-mammary
Eye Brows
Beard
Inner thigh
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Pubeal Changes
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multi
Chimeric human / murine monoclonal antibody'are -
Monoclonal mouse IgG1 antibody against human CD20 Rituximab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of various lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia also used in treatment of ebola . Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1078
2
Adalimumab
Rituximab
Muromonab
Trastuzumab
Medicine
Infection
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single
Which one of the following local anaesthetics belongs to the ester group?
null
1
Procaine
Buovacaine
Lignocaine
Mepivacaine
Surgery
null
a8bf2092-7078-4785-9354-99ec0946569e
single
Periodontitis may best be described as
null
1
A chronic inflammatory disease with periods of remission and exacerbation
A chronic inflammatory disease that usually does not manifest itself clinically before the age of 40
A degenerative disease of the periodontium
An acute inflammatory disease of long duration
Dental
null
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multi
Agent used for sterilization -
All are disinfectants but ethylene oxide is used for sterilizing hea-lung machines ,respiratory sutures ,dental equipments books and clothings. it is unsuitable for fumigating rooms because of its explosive propey. it has been successfully used to sterilise a wide range of materials such as glass metal and paper surfac...
1
Ethylene oxide
Ionizing radiation
2% gluteraldehyde
Formaldehyde with low pressure steam
Microbiology
general microbiology
eea85ca4-d892-48a5-99c2-90ba29581479
single
The cell bodies of orexinergic neurons are present in:
Orexin-containing cell bodies are found exclusively in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), perifornical area (PFA), and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) while orexin-containing fibers and terminals are widely distributed in almost all of the brain regions. Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition, Page 238; Ne...
3
Locus ceruleus
Dorsal raphe
Lateral hypothalamic area
Hippocampus
Physiology
null
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single
A two–year child is classified as having pneumonia, if the respiratory rate is more than –
null
2
30/min
40/min
50/min
60/min
Pediatrics
null
2bedff23-3407-4bee-a53c-9127c3da272a
single
All are related to recurrent shoulder dislocation except
D i.e. Rotator cuff injury
4
Hill sachs defect
Banka lesion
Lax capsule
Rotator cuff injury
Surgery
null
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multi
Cock-up splint is used for: September 2011
Ans. C: Radial nerve injury Cock-up splint is used for radial nerve palsy (extensors of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints paralyzed) Splints in Ohopaedics: Aeroplane splint: Brachial plexus injury Von Rosen splint: Congenital dislocation of hip/ DDH Knuckle bender splint: Ulnar nerve injury
3
Axillary nerve injury
Ulnar nerve injury
Radial nerve injury
Median nerve injury
Surgery
null
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single
A young male Kallu is brought to the hospital with severe asthma. The pharmacokinetics of theophylline include the following parameters: Vd = 35 L; CL = 48 ml/min; half life is 8 hrs. If an intravenous infusion of theophylline is started at a rate of 0.48 mg/min, how long will it take to reach 93.75% of the final stead...
null
4
Approximately 48 min
Approximately 5.8 hrs
Approximately 8 hrs
Approximately 32 hrs
Pharmacology
null
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multi
A 5-year-old child presents with pustular lesions on the lower legs. The culture from the lesion showed hemolytic colonies on blood agar which were Gram-positive cocci. Provisional diagnosis of Group A streptococcal pyoderma can be done by?
Ans. (a) Catalase positivity Pyoderma (Impetigo Superficial infection of the skin, caused primarily by Group A Streptococci and Staphylococci Usual site of infection are face (paicularly around nose and mouth) and the legs Diagnosis is based on the culture and staining of indeginous lesion. Gram positive cocci if catal...
1
Catalase positivity
Optochin sensitivity
Bile solubility
Bacitracin sensitivity
Microbiology
null
117bbc99-764e-4835-81c8-fcba1ef71409
single
DAX 1 gene Mutation is associated with
Ans. C. Congenital adrenal hypoplasiaExplanationDAX1 mutation is seen in congenital adrenal hypoplasia.DAX1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1) is a nuclear receptor protein encoded by the NROBlgene.DAX1 plays an important role in the normal development of severa...
3
Cushing's disease
Hashimoto's disease
Congenital adrenal hypoplaisa
Addison's disease
Pathology
Endocrine
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Post head injury, the patient had conductive deafness and on examination, tympanic membrane was normal and mobile. Likely diagnosis is:
Fracture temporal bone (more commonly longitudinal) extending to external canal: tympanic membrane is frequently torn and inner ear is spared.Blood or CSF in external and middle ear.Damage to ossicle (most frequent being incudo-stapedial joint) resulting in more severe and permanent conductive deafness.Aseptic necrosis...
1
Distoion of ossicular chain
Hemotympanum
EAC sclerosis
Otosclerosis
ENT
null
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single
Vitremer is?
null
1
Resin modified GIC
Metal modified GIC
Organically modified composite
Polyacid modified composite
Dental
null
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multi
Which of the following is not a part of lower motor neuron?
Ans. B Peripheral gangliaRef: Gray's, 41st ed. pg. 231, 303Lower motor neuron (LMN): It consists of-* Anterior horn cells or homologous cells in brainstem* Anterior spinal nerve root* Peripheral nerve
2
Anterior nerve root
Peripheral ganglia
Peripheral nerve
Anterior horn cells
Anatomy
Neuroanatomy
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single
All are used in hyperkalemia except
50 ml of 50% dextrose Dextrose alone It was earlier believed that administration of dextrose alone can cause shift of potassium inside the cells by promoting insulin releases. The administration of hypeonic dextrone alone for hyperkalemia is not recommended for two reasons. - Endogenous insulin levels are unlikely to r...
1
50 ml of 50% dextrose
Sodium bicarbonate
Salbutamol
Salbutamol
Surgery
null
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multi
Intense local pain, swelling, ecchymoses, and oozing of the hemolyzed blood from the site of snake bite is most likely to occur with bite of which species of snake?
Types of venom -- may be* Neurotoxic -- cobra, krait* Hemotoxic -- vipers* Myotoxic -- sea snake Ref: K.S. Narayan Reddy's Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 29th edition, Chapter 28 page-309,310.
2
Cobra
Viper
Sea Snakes
Any of the above
Forensic Medicine
Poisoning
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multi
Calcium channel blockers are useful in all, EXCEPT:
null
3
Angina
Supraventricular arrhythmia
Sick sinus syndrome
Hypertension
Pharmacology
null
ce53e7e9-8dff-4c49-9bc4-b3e948174d97
multi
Most common cause of CRF in adults is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DM o Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of Renal failure.
3
TB
HTN
DM
Scleroderma
Medicine
Chronic Kidney Disease and Uremia
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single
BRAF V600E mutations are seen in all of the following Except
BRAF V600E (valine conveing to glutamate at the 600th position)is seen in the following cancers:Langerhan's cell histiocytosisHairy cell leukemiaMalignant melanomaPilocytic astrocytoma (WHO Grade I astrocytoma)Ovarian carcinomaEndometrial carcinomaColorectal carcinomaPapillary carcinoma thyroidErdheim Chester disease
4
Langherhan's cell histiocytosis
Erdheim Chester disease
Ovarian carcinoma
Grade II astrocytoma
Microbiology
All India exam
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multi
A 40 years old male had undergone splenectomy 20 years ago. Peripheral blood smear examination would show the presence of:
Howell-Jolly bodies are spherical or ovoid eccentrically located granules in stroma of erythrocytes in stained preparations. These represent nuclear remnants and these occur most frequently after: 1. Splenectomy 2. Megaloblastic anemia 3. Severe hemolytic anemia
4
Dohle bodies
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Spherocytes
Howell-Jolly bodies
Pathology
Blood disorder
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single
Social pathology is-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Study of social problems which cause disease in population o Social Pathology: Is the study of social problems which undermine the social, psychological or economical health of the populations; it is used to describe relationship between disease and social conditions. o Social pathology is uncovered b...
2
Change in disease pattern due to change in lifestyle
Study of social problems which cause disease in population
Conflicts arising from new oppounities in transitional societies
Study of human relationships and behaviour
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
A total of 130 patients were screened for Disc prolapse by CT scan and confirmation of the disease was made by discectomy operation. Out of 56 patient who screened positive in CT-scan, 46 were confirmed for disease in operation. Rest 74 patient who were screened negative in CT scan, only 40 patient were confirmed negat...
+ - Total + a (46) b (10) 56 - c (34) d (40) 74 Sensitivity = x 100 = 46/80 x 100 = 0.575 Specificity = x 100 = 40/50 x100 = 0.80 LR+ = = 0.575/ (1-0.80) = 2.875 LR- = = 1-0.575 / 0.80 = 0.531
1
2.875 and 0.531
6.07 and 1.12
1.12 and 6.07
0.531 and 2.875
Social & Preventive Medicine
Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV
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single
Continuous murmur is found in all, EXCEPT:
Answer is A (Mitral stenosis with Mitral Regurgitation ) Continuous murmur is not associated with mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Patent ductus aeriosus, Rupture of sinus of valsalva and systemic AVfistulas are all associated with continuous murmurs Causes of Continuous Murmur(Hurst) Continuous Murmur caused ...
1
Mitral stenosis with mitral regurgitation
Patent ductus aeriosus
Rupture of sinus of Valsalva
Systemic aeriovenous (AV) fistula
Medicine
null
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multi
A patient with hypeension presents with following skin lesions. What is the diagnosis?
The image shows a reticular net-like appearance called as livedo reticularis- mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. The discoloration is caused by swelling of the venules owing to obstruction of capillaries by small blood clots.
1
Livedo reticularis
Drug-induced rash
Anaphylactoid purpura
Erythromelalgia
Medicine
Vasculitis
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single
Inhalational agent of choice for neurosurgery ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Isoflurane Anaesthetic agents of choice for vaous conditions Day care : Ischemic hea disease : Congenital hea disease Left to right shunt : Right to left shunt : CHF : Shock To produce delibrate hypotenion Epilepsy : For electroconvulsive therapy : Thyrotoxicosis : Cardiac surgery : Neurosurgery : Pro...
3
Halothane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
N20
Anaesthesia
null
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single
Thiazides can cause
Anti hypeensive agents like thiazides and -blockers can cause impotence. It is maximum with thiazides among anti-hypeensive drugs and is thought to be due to volume depletion.
4
Hyperkalemic paralysis
Hypouricemia
Hypolipidemia
Impotence
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
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single
Increased permeability in acute inflammation is due to -
Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 34 Endothelial cell contraction leading to ntercellular gaps in postcapillary venules is the most common cause of increased vascular permeability. Endothelial injury occurs rapidly after the binding of histamine, bradykinin, leukotiens, and many other mediators to specific re...
1
Histamine
IL-2
TGF-b
FGF
Pathology
General pathology
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single
Right hepatic duct drains all, except-
Segments V, and VI are part of the right hepatic lobe and are therefore drain into the right hepatic duct. Segments III is a part of the left hepatic lobe and is, therefore, drains into the left hepatic duct. Segment I (Caudate lobe), though anatomically is a part of the left lobe, is functionally is part of both right...
2
Segment I
Segment III
Segment V
Segment VI
Anatomy
null
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multi
Sprinter gets its immediate energy from
Muscular activity accounts for much of the body&;s energy consumption. Muscles have a sho-term store of energy in the form of creatine phosphate which is generated from ATP and can regenerate ATP when needed with creatine kinase. Muscles also keep a storage form of glucose in the form of glycogen. Glycogen can be rapid...
3
Glycogen
Fatty acid
Creatine phosphate
None
Physiology
Endocrinology
b8229854-4844-4fed-b53f-eff1012c33ba
multi
Optic atrophy may occur in all, except:
Leprosy
2
Glaucoma
Leprosy
Pituitary tumor
Methanol intake
Ophthalmology
null
733d7813-6d67-4f06-a523-11963082adf9
multi
"Central clearing" is seen with
Central clearing: Tinea Central Crusting: Leishmaniasis Central Scarring: Lupus vulgaris.
3
Leishmaniasis
Lupus vulgaris
Tinea
Histoplasmosis
Dental
null
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single
Test to detect maternal sensitization -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Indirect coombs test
2
Direct coombs test
Indirect coombs test
Both
None
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Pregnancy in Rh-negative Women
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multi
Cyst which develops from Rests of Serres is:
Rests of Serres (Dental lamina) OKC Lateral periodontal cyst Glandular odontogenic cyst Gingival cyst of infants and adults
2
Residual cyst
Odontogenic keratocyst
Dentigerous cyst
Radicular cyst
Pathology
null
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single
Alt of the following drugs are used for prevention and treatment of PPH except
Mifepristone is an antiprogesterone,which is used for medicak termination of pregnancy.It is also being researched for use in term pregnancies at a dose of 200mg.It is recommended for use in intrauterine fetal demise at a dose of 600mg daily for 2 days.Other given options are used for the treatment of PPH. Refer page n...
4
Misoprostol
Oxytocin
Ergometrine
Mifepristone
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
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multi
All of the following techniques are used to control bleeding from bone during mastoid surgery except -
Cutting drill over the bleeding area will increase the bleeding instead of stopping it. Diamond drill over the bleeding area will produce heat and stop the bleeding Bipolar cautery can be used to control bleeding during mastoid surgery (Not monopolar cautery) Bone wax is also commonly used to control bleeding during ma...
1
Cutting drill over the bleeding area
Diamond drill over the bleeding area
Bipolar cautery over the bleeding area
Bone wax
ENT
null
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multi
Toxin in mushroom poisoning principally affects: March 2011
Ans. D: Nerves Toxins of mushroom (poison) are parasympathomimetic Mushroom poisoning Main sign and symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody vomitus and stools, enlarged tender liver and jaundice, oliguria, pulmonary edema, mental confusion, convulsions, coma Average fatal dose: 1/2 to 1 mushroom Fatal period: 3-6 ...
4
Liver
Lung
Bladder
Nerves
Forensic Medicine
null
b0680425-e600-4edc-b461-dd320920b17f
multi
A study of persons receiving emergent medical services is conducted. It is observed that 5% of persons with sudden cardiac arrest who receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation survive. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for cardiac arrest in these survivors?
The most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest is ischemic heart disease. The risk of sudden death is increased with worsening atherosclerotic coronary arterial narrowing. However, the first event with an acute coronary syndrome is typically an arrhythmia, and this is why resuscitation, including defibrillation, can be...
1
Arrhythmia
Infarction
Inflammation
Valve failure
Pathology
C.V.S
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single
A 33-year-old woman discovers a lump in her left breast on self-examination. Her mother and sister both had breast cancer. A mammogram demonstrates an ill-defined density in the outer quadrant of the left breast, with microcalcifications. Needle aspiration reveals the presence of malignant, ductal epithelial cells. Gen...
Breast (BR) cancer (CA) susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) encode tumor suppressor proteins involved in checkpoint functions related to the progression of the cell cycle into the S phase. BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins also promote DNA repair by binding to RAD51, a molecule that mediates DNA double-strand repair breaks. ...
3
Apoptosis
Cell Adhesion
DNA Repair
Gene Transcription
Pathology
Tumour markers
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Which of the following would distinguish hydrocephalusdue to aqueductal stenosis when compared to thatdue to Dandy walker malformation:
. Posterior fossa volume.
2
Third ventricle size
Posterior fossa volume.
Lateral ventricular size
Head circumference.
Pathology
null
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Position of rupture of hymen in a virgin after rape: PGI 09; AP 09
Ans. 5'O clock
2
3'O clock
5'O clock
11'O clock
12'O clock
Forensic Medicine
null
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Death rates of two countries are best compared by -
.standardised moality ratio is the ratio of total number of deaths that occur in the study group to the number of deaths that would have been expected to occur if that study group had experienced the death rates of a standardised population.it gives a measure of the likely excess risk o moality due to the occupation.it...
3
Crude death rate
Propoional crude death rate
Standardized moality rate
Age specific death rate
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
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According to biophysics, in which pa of eye does maximum refraction occur?
Cornea The cornea is the first and most powerful refracting surface of the eye. Light passes through the transparent cornea on its way to the retina. It has a greater curvature than the rest of the eyeball and a refractive power of approximately 44 dioptres.
1
Cornea
Aqueous humor
Centre of the lens
Periphery of the lens
Ophthalmology
Cornea
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Frey's syndrome is caused due to damage to:
Gustatory sweating (auriculotemporal syndrome) commonly occurs following parotid surgery or other surgery or trauma that results in opening of the parotid capsule. It is thought to arise as a result of damage to the autonomic nerve fibres supplying the parotid gland and the overlying sweat glands. During the healing pr...
2
Postauricular nerve
Auriculotemporal nerve
Both of the above
None of the above
Anatomy
null
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multi
Which of the following trinucleotide repeat disorder and the repeat is wrongly paired?
Disease Repeat Fragile X syndrome CGG Friedreich's Ataxia GAA Myotonic dystrophy CTG Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease), Spinocerebellar ataxia, Huntington's disease CAG
2
Kennedy disease - CAG
Friedreich's Ataxia - CGG
Myotonic dystrophy - CTG
Huntington's chorea - CAG
Biochemistry
Genetic Disorders
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Axonotmesis includes discontinuity in:
D i.e. Axon
4
Perineurium
Epineuri um
Endoneurium
Axon
Physiology
null
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Which of the following microorganism initially colonise the burns wound?
Ans. B. Staphylococcus. (Ref. Bailey and Love 25th/pg. 387)Staphylococcus colonizes burn wounds.Infection control in burns patients# Bums patients are immunocompromised# They are susceptible to infection from many routes# Sterile precautions must be rigorous# Swabs should be taken regularly# A rise in white blood cell ...
2
E. Coli
Staphylococcus
Proteus
Pseudomonas
Surgery
Burns
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Stage lb cervical cancer is diagnosed in a young woman. Assuming that the cancer is confirmed to the cervix and that intraoperative biopsies are negative, which of the following structure would not be removed during the radical hysterectomy?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Both ovaries * Radical hysterectomy is most often used as a primary treatment for early cervical cancer (stage 1A2, IB, and IIA), and occasionally as a primary treatment for uterine cancer. In either case, there must be no evidence of spread beyond the operative field, as suggested by negative intraop...
4
Uterosacral and uterovesical ligaments
Pelvic nodes
The entire parametrium on both sides of the cervix
Both ovaries
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
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Which of the following statements are TRUE about diaphragm:1. Left side pushed down by hea2. Left side lower than right3. Right side lower than left4. Right side pushed up by liver5. Hernia common on left because of weak origin
"The convex dome of diaphragm on right side is higher because of large size of the right lobe of liver" Level of diaphragm:Site of diaphragmatic herniaRight dome: Upper border of 5th rib (about 2.5 cm higher than left side)Left dome: Lower border of 5th ribCentral tendon: Xiphisternal jointThe pleuroperitoneal canal is...
1
2,4 & 5
1,3 & 5
1,2 & 4
1,4 & 5
Anatomy
null
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The mechanism of genetic transfer where a phage serves as a vehicle is -
TRANSFORMATION: it is the transfer of genetic information through the agency of free DNA REF:Ananthanarayan and Panicker's Textbook ofMicrobiology 8thEdition pg no:63
1
Transformation
Translation
Conjugation
Lysogeny
Microbiology
general microbiology
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A 48-year-old woman has a lower back pain and hypoesthesia in the left S1 dermatomal distribution (left calf and lateral left foot). What is the most likely cause?
Thoracic, lumbar, and sacral nerves exit off the spinal canal immediately below the pedicle of the corresponding numbered veebra. The left S1 root, for example, passes immediately dorsal to the L5-S1 disc where it can be susceptible to compression by a herniated nucleus pulposus. The root then swings laterally to exit ...
3
A lesion at the right L4-L5 interspace
Pathology where the nerve exits the spinal canal immediately above the pedicle of S3 veebra
A herniated nucleus pulposus
Compression by the L5 lamina
Surgery
Cerebrovascular Diseases
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multi
The ideal temperature of water bath for softening fluid wax is about
null
2
51 to 54 degree F
51 to 54 degree C
70 to 75 degree F
70 to 75 degree C
Dental
null
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single
Eosinophilic abscess in lymph node is characteristically seen in -
Answer is option 1, kimura's disease This picture is suggestive of Kimura's disease which usually presents as painless, sometimes disfiguring, subcutaneous nodules in the head and neck region, with eosinophilia and adenopathy. Although, it may mimic a neoplastic process, it is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown ...
1
Kimura's disease
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Tuberculosis
Sarcoidosis
Pathology
Haematology
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Amount of a drug X administered to a patient is 4.0 g and its plasma concentration is found to be 50 mg/ml,what will be the volume of distribution of drug X ?
null
2
100L
80L
60L
50L
Pharmacology
null
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single
The usual location of dieulafoy's lesion is in the:
Dieulafoy's lesion Large (1- to 3-mm) submucosal aery that protrudes through the mucosa. It is not associated with a peptic ulcer. It can lead to massive bleeding. Usually is located in the gastric fundus, within 6 cm of the GE junction. Ref: Sleisenger and Fordtran's, E-9, P-299.
1
Fundus of the stomach
Body of the stomach
Pylorus of the stomach
First pa of the duodenum
Medicine
null
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A 40-year old diabetic patient presents with proptosis of one eye and black eschar over palate. The likely organism is:
Mucormycosis can affect the upper respiratory, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. The clinical manifestation of the condition is headache with nasal discharge and sinus pain. Infection quickly spreads from the sinuses to contiguous structures. Ocular involvement manifests as proptosis,...
4
Pseudomonas
Candida
E. coli
Mucor
Medicine
Endocrinology
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To achieve neonatal tetanus elimination, incidence of eonatal tetanus per 1000 live births should be reduced to less than -
null
1
0.1
2
0.5
1
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Hybrid muscles
Hybrid muscles also called as COMPOSITE MUSCLES are those muscles which have more than one set of fibers but perform the same function and are usually supplied by different nerves for different set of fibers.
4
These are the muscles having different set of fibers performing the same function
E.g. Pectineus & Biceps Femoris
Receive nerve supply by different nerves
All are true
Anatomy
Muscles of arm and forearm region & Cubital fossa
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Face bows are classified as:
null
2
Arbitrary face bow
Arbitrary and kinematic face bow
Arbitrary and value face bow
None of the above
Dental
null
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All of the following statements are true about chaperones except that they
Protein folding requires a specialized group of proteins,refered as chaperones. Chaperones are also known as "heat-shock proteins" and "stress proteins" Chaperones bind to the hydrophobic regions of an extended polypeptide and are impoant in keeping the protein unfolded,until its synthesis is completed. Reference: Harp...
4
Belong to heat shock proteins
Are also known as stress proteins
Paicipate in protein folding
Bind to the hydrophilic regions of an extended polypeptide
Anatomy
General anatomy
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In normal X–ray of shoulder which is'superior most structure –
From superior to inferior (important structure on X-ray sholder) :- Clavicle : Acromian : Coracoid : Superior margin of humeral head : greater tubercle : anatomical neck : surgical neck.
3
Greater tubercle
Surgical neck of humerus
Coracoid process
Head of humerus
Radiology
null
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Fatty acid with even number of carbon atoms on oxidation produces:
Fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms are oxidized by the pathway of b-oxidation, producing acetyl-CoA, until a three-carbon (propionyl-CoA) residue remains. This compound is conveed to succinyl-CoA, a constituent of the citric acid cycle. Hence, the propionyl residue from an odd-chain fatty acid is the only p...
1
Acetyl CoA
Succinyl CoA
Propionyl CoA
All of the above
Biochemistry
null
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multi
The staining useful for antemorten diagnosis of rabies is -
Ans-A
4
Seller
Macchiavillo
Giemsa
Fluorescent
Unknown
null
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single
Hypercalcemia is caused by all EXCEPT :
LOOP loses CALCIUM. Loop diuretics cause hypocalcemia by more excretion whereas thiazides cause hyperkalemia by decreasing its excretion.
1
Loop diuretics
Lithium
Vitamin D intoxication
Thiazides
Pharmacology
null
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multi
A 24-vear-old lady with 24 hrs comes with complains of pain in the right iliac fossa, vomiting, central dyspareunia, rebound tenderness and with a temperature of 37degC. Pregnancy test negative. The probable diagnosis is
(B) Acute PID # Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an inflammatory disorder of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and adjacent pelvic structures. Risk factors for PID include young age at first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, and tobacco smoking. A delay in diagnosis or treatment...
2
Acute appendicitis
Acute PID
Ectopic Pregnancy
Endometriosis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
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single
Normal PCWP with pulmonary oedema is seen in
Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1763 The use of a Swan-Ganz catheter permits measurement of PCWP and helps differentiate high-pressure (cardiogenic) from normal- pressure (noncardiogenic) causes of pulmonary edema. High altitude has been grouped together as one of the miscellaneous causes for ARDS reflecting pulmonary oedema ...
2
Left atrial myxoma
High altitude
Pulmonary vein obstruction
Pulmonary aery obstruction
Medicine
C.V.S
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Which of the following is not a CSF finding in tubercular meningitis?
CSF findings in tubercular meningitis includes: Elevated opening pressure High leukocyte count ( 1000/microl) predominantly lymphocytes Increased protein (100 - 800/mg/dl) Low glucose AFB seen on direct smear of CSF Culture of CSF is diagnostic and is the gold standard
4
Low sugar
Lymphocytic pleocytosis
High protein
Opening pressure is low
Medicine
null
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single
Property of acquiring antibiotic resistance from viral colony is by:
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Transduction (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 59 and 8th/e, p. 63, 67, 681)Acquiring antibiotic resistance by viral colony (bacteriophage) is by transduction.
3
Transference
Conjugation
Transduction
Mutation
Microbiology
General
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Ketamine contraindicated in all except-
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Asthma o Ketamine increases cerebral blood flow, metabolism, oxygen consumption and intracranial tension, unlike thiopentone, propofol&etomidate, which have cerebroprotectiveeffect, therefore ketamine is contraindicated in head injury, intracranial space occupying lesions and for neuroanaesthesia.o Ce...
3
Head injury
Hypertension
Asthma
Glaucoma
Anaesthesia
Miscellaneous General Anesthesia
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The Otic Ganglion:
It is a peripheral parasympathetic ganglion which relays secretomotor fibres to the parotid gland. Topographically, it is intimately related to the mandibular nerve, but functionally it is a part of the glossopharyngeal nerve. The sympathetic root is derived from the plexus on the middle meningeal artery. It contains p...
3
Is in relation to maxillary nerve
Receives preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, through the greater superficial petrosal nerve
Sends postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to auriculotemporal nerve
Is related to the tensor tympani
Anatomy
null
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single
Vaginal delivery is impossible in :
Persistent Mento-posterior presentation
1
Persistent Mento-posterior presentation
Persistent occipito-posterior presentation
Mento-anterior presentation
Breech presentation
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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single
Gene for major histocompatibility complex is located on which chromosome?
Major histocompatibility complex also called the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) is a 4 megabase region on chromosome 6. The region is densely packed with genes. The gene encodes two major proteins or antigens i.e., MHC I and MHC
2
Chromosome 10
Chromosome 6
X chromosome
Chromosome 13
Pathology
null
ca2f07cf-c570-4eab-b57e-be5eb121c2db
single
Which of the following is WRONG
Daily water turnover (mL) in the gastrointestinal tract
3
Secretion mL/Day Saliva 1500
Secretion mL/Day Stomach 2500
Secretion mL/Day Bile 700
Secretion mL/Day Pancreas 1500
Physiology
Gastrointestinal System
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single
During fixation of Bennett's fracture, which muscle hinders it
D i.e. Abductor pollicis longus Bennett's Fracture dislocation is paial aicular fracture of 1st metacarpal baseQ with trapezium- metacarpal dislocation / subluxation(2. Maintenence of reduction is difficult d/t pull of abductor pollicis longusQ & adductor pollicis muscles. Thumb- Carpo - Meta Carpal (CMC) Fracture Disl...
4
Extensor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis longus
Abductor pollicis longus
Surgery
null
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single
Antipsychotic drug with maximum hypotensive effect -
null
3
Fluphenazine
Trifluperazine
Thioridazine
Haloperidol
Psychiatry
null
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single
The biological oxygen demand indicates -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Organic matter
1
Organic matter
Bacterial content
Anaerobic bacteria
Chemicals
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Crescents are derived from
Crescents are feature of RPGN. They are made up of parietal epithelial cells, fibrin and monocytcs / Macrophages.
3
Mesangium + fibrin + macrophage
Visceral epithelial cells + fibrin + macrophage
Parietal epithelial cells + fibrin + macrophages
Tubular epithelium + fibrin + macrophages
Pathology
null
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single
Number of vitamins required in citric acid cycle is:
Four of the B vitamins are essential in the citric acid cycle and hence energy-yielding metabolism: (1) riboflavin, in the form of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), a cofactor for succinate dehydrogenase; (2) niacin, in the form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the electron acceptor for isocitrate dehydroge...
3
2
3
4
5
Biochemistry
null
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single
Spermicidal cream which is used in contraceptives?
Spermicidal agents provide a physical barrier to sperm penetration and a chemical spermicidal action. Active ingredient is nonoxynol-9 or octoxynol-9. Spermicides must be deposited high in the vagina in contact with the cervix sholy before intercourse. Duration of maximal effectiveness is usually no more than 1 hour. T...
2
Gossypol
Nonoxynol-9
Cent chroman
Clomiphene
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
FMGE 2019
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single
Sho gastric vessels are present in which ligament
The sho gastric veins, four or five in number, drain the fundus and left pa of the greater curvature of the stomach, and pass between the two layers of the gastrosplenic ligament to end in the splenic vein or in one of its large tributaries. ref -
3
Lienorenal
Gastrophrenic
Gastrosplenic
Gastrocolic
Anatomy
Abdomen and pelvis
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