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cd53e1721450fbafdb0683c60a946a3e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bijnor | Bijnor | Bijnor
Bijnor, town, northwestern Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It lies in the Upper Ganges-Yamuna Doab near the Ganges (Ganga) River, about 40 miles (65 km) northeast of Meerut.
Bijnor was ceded to the British East India Company in 1801. The present-day town is a trade centre for agricultural products and is a... |
19558d58de7b33caa2937bca2785d2e7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bistrita | Bistrița | Bistrița
Bistrița, town, capital of Bistrița-Năsăud județ (county), northern Romania. Settled in the 12th century by immigrant Germans, it acquired free-city status in 1353. Holding an annual fair, it developed extensive markets throughout Moldavia, and its craftsmen travelled extensively. In 1713 the Romanian populat... |
d69788144cad7e76579a7430dfbc85e4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bithynium | Bithynium | Bithynium
…are ruins of the ancient Bithynium, a flourishing town of Asia Minor (Anatolia) and—as birthplace of the Roman emperor Hadrian’s favourite, Antinoüs—recipient of many privileges during that emperor’s reign (117–138 ce). Taken by the Ottoman Turks about 1325, Bolu is the reputed home of the legendary Turkish ... |
7572b9b4ba74a023d7e6a70a28fd09a3 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bitlis | Bitlis | Bitlis
Bitlis, city, southeastern Turkey. It is located southwest of Lake Van at 4,600 feet (1,400 metres) above sea level.
Strategically situated in the narrow valley of the Bitlis Çay, a tributary of the Tigris River, it commands the only route from the Van basin to the Mesopotamian plains. It was mentioned frequent... |
9b8be4402576fc6dec80ed33ef446b40 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Black-Range | Black Range | Black Range
Black Range, mountain range extending 100 miles (160 km) north to south, through Catron and Sierra counties, southwestern New Mexico, U.S. The range follows the Continental Divide for much of its length. Most of the range lies within the Gila National Forest, near the headwaters of the Gila River. The high... |
7ca304da3027a9bd5c37b920aedb1d8a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Black-Rock-Canal | Black Rock Canal | Black Rock Canal
The Black Rock Canal, from Buffalo Harbor to a point a few miles down the Niagara River, extends the navigation period locally through a greater part of the winter, when the river itself becomes jammed with Lake Erie ice. The principal shipping between Lakes Erie and…
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b4844d29bf513b4fc05de6d21204777d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Blarney-Ireland | Blarney | Blarney
Blarney, Irish An Bhlarna, village, County Cork, Ireland, 5 miles (8 km) northwest of Cork city, famous for Blarney Castle (c. 1446). Below the battlements on the southern wall of the castle is the Blarney Stone, reputed to confer eloquence on those who kiss it; this feat can be achieved only by hanging head d... |
ff136b05e3c9ca8aebd5993c9257b1a3 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bloomfield-Hills | Bloomfield Hills | Bloomfield Hills
Bloomfield Hills, city, Oakland county, southeastern Michigan, U.S. It lies just southeast of Pontiac and northwest of Detroit. The site was settled in 1819 by Amasa Bagley and was known as Bagley’s Corners and Bloomfield Center until the present name was adopted in the 1890s. A farming community unti... |
30e39b7e859b7809c08333994ab0d250 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bo-Sierra-Leone | Bo | Bo
Bo, town, south-central Sierra Leone, western Africa. Located near the intersection of roads from Freetown and Makeni, it became the largest town (and for a time capital, 1930–61) of the Sierra Leone Protectorate. The commercial hub of the interior, it trades in palm oil and kernels, ginger, coffee, cocoa, and rice... |
292591d295e2aef0ff4e4e153b9e53d7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bodo-Norway | Bodø | Bodø
Bodø, town and port, north-central Norway. It is located at the end of a peninsula projecting into the Norwegian Sea, at the entrance to Salt Fjord. Bodø was founded by Trondheim merchants and chartered in 1816. A commercial-fishing centre specializing in cod drying, it also has ship repair yards and a brewery. I... |
da2300cb914f1d6b027c1af9d15f8099 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bok-Singing-Tower | Bok Singing Tower | Bok Singing Tower
…a peaceful setting for the Bok Singing Tower, 205 feet (62 metres) high, which contains a carillon of 57 bells. The Audubon Center is 6 miles (10 km) south, and Lake Kissimmee State Park is about 15 miles (25 km) east. A Mardi Gras celebration is held annually before the…
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fd473532feec7a16281007b8848b4d40 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bok-Tower-Gardens | Bok Tower Gardens | Bok Tower Gardens
Bok Tower Gardens was established in 1929 on nearby Iron Mountain (295 feet [90 metres], the highest point in peninsular Florida) by Edward W. Bok, Pulitzer Prize winner (1921) and editor of the Ladies’ Home Journal. The gardens, famed for their plant and animal life,…
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48bff3079a4a66890780904f01ac2e84 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bolivia | Bolivia | Bolivia
Bolivia, country of west-central South America. Extending some 950 miles (1,500 km) north-south and 800 miles (1,300 km) east-west, Bolivia is bordered to the north and east by Brazil, to the southeast by Paraguay, to the south by Argentina, to the southwest and west by Chile, and to the northwest by Peru. Bol... |
8ebd86809cae5c03c50b285b88a1a173 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bolovens-Plateau | Bolovens Plateau | Bolovens Plateau
Bolovens Plateau, French Plateau des Bolovens, fertile, gently rolling upland, southern Laos. The plateau lies east of Pakxé between the Mekong River and the western foothills of the southern Annamese Cordillera (Chaîne Annamitique). Basically a large, basaltic lava extrusion, about 3,500 feet (1,100 ... |
1bbc1cd863b525233c9c2a6db6a3b855 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bolsover-district-England | Bolsover | Bolsover
district, administrative and historic county of Derbyshire, England. The district takes its name from the principal town in an area of agricultural land interspersed with small coal-mining settlements.
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79c16ad9d2117e0a954f23888c4a9738 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bootes | Boötes | Boötes
Boötes, constellation in the northern sky, at about 15 hours right ascension and 30° north in declination. The brightest star in Boötes is Arcturus, the third brightest star in the sky. The radiant of the Quadrantid meteor shower, which happens in early January, is found in Boötes. The name Boötes is thought to... |
4514cb03772c4438afdb24e63d62d1ab | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bora-Bora | Bora-Bora | Bora-Bora
Bora-Bora, volcanic island, Îles Sous le Vent (Leeward Islands), in the Society Islands of French Polynesia. It lies in the central South Pacific Ocean, about 165 miles (265 km) northwest of Tahiti. The mountainous island, some 6 miles (10 km) long and 2.5 miles (4 km) wide, has Mount Otemanu (Temanu; 2,385 ... |
b669af7f641e0752ef9c7a7a570ae890 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Boryspil-International-Airport | Boryspil International Airport | Boryspil International Airport
Boryspil International Airport operates direct flights to many Ukrainian towns and international service to major cities throughout Europe, Asia, and North America. Within Kyiv itself there is efficient subway and rail, bus, streetcar, and trolleybus service.
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47c49c1a68962119bfde6ee4517be622 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bosporus | Bosporus | Bosporus
Bosporus, also spelled Bosphorus, Turkish İstanbul Boğazı or Karadenız Boğazı, strait (boğaz, “throat”) uniting the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara and separating parts of Asian Turkey (Anatolia) from European Turkey.
The Bosporus is 19 miles (30 km) long, with a maximum width of 2.3 miles (3.7 km) at the no... |
ac38244df82ab1aa7cd45c0f3e62bca8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Boston | Boston | Boston
Boston, city, capital of the commonwealth of Massachusetts, and seat of Suffolk county, in the northeastern United States. It lies on Massachusetts Bay, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. The city proper has an unusually small area for a major city, and more than one-fourth of the total—including part of the Charles... |
3e5f175789913527a2113bfb5827236f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Botswana | Botswana | Botswana
Botswana, country in the centre of Southern Africa. The territory is roughly triangular—approximately 600 miles (965 km) from north to south and 600 miles from east to west—with its eastern side protruding into a sharp point. Its eastern and southern borders are marked by river courses and an old wagon road; ... |
53a6f58a237f70a3c487a101b791e0f5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Boulder-Colorado | Boulder | Boulder
Boulder, city, seat (1861) of Boulder county, north-central Colorado, U.S., on Boulder Creek, at the base of the Flatiron Range of the Rocky Mountains, at an elevation of 5,354 feet (1,632 metres), 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Denver. Settled by miners in 1858, it was organized in 1859 and named descriptively... |
8fd4422830dee0898b793f19c62fbd0a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bournemouth | Bournemouth | Bournemouth
Bournemouth, seaside resort town and unitary authority, geographic county of Dorset, historic county of Hampshire, southern England. It is located on the English Channel just west of Christchurch.
The town dates from the erection of a summer residence there by a Dorset squire, Lewis Tregonwell, after 1810.... |
0acd5341e6f49f55960c3720855a8359 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Boyaca | Boyacá | Boyacá
Boyacá, departamento, east-central Colombia. The departamento consists of cool Andean uplands in the west, densely forested lower mountain slopes, and the great expanse of the Llanos (plains) in the east. It was established in 1886. Lake Tota in the uplands is a noted beauty spot. Boyacá has traditionally had a... |
af4bd32b68e4b82c5aaf801311e4c2f1 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Braganca-Portugal | Bragança | Bragança
Bragança, English Braganza, city and concelho (municipality), northeastern Portugal. It lies on a branch of the Sabor River in the Culebra Mountains, 105 miles (170 km) northeast of Porto on the border with Spain.
Originally, Bragança was a Celtic city known as Brigantia; it later became the Juliobriga of the... |
db40016d31232dcd0c1656ffac5c3839 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bras-spungs | ’Bras-spungs | ’Bras-spungs
…at Dga’ldan (Ganden) in 1409, ’Bras-spungs (Drepung) in 1416, and Se-ra in 1419. The abbots of the ’Bras-spungs monastery first received the title Dalai Lama in 1578, and a period of struggle for the leadership of Tibet followed, principally with the Karma-pa sect. The Dge-lugs-pa eventually appealed to t... |
79e1fbb587d01de1909ac6f249aa1d3c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brasilia | Brasília | Brasília
Brasília, city, federal capital of Brazil. It is located in the Federal District (Distrito Federal) carved out of Goiás state on the central plateau of Brazil. At an elevation of some 3,500 feet (1,100 metres), it lies between the headwaters of the Tocantins, Paraná, and São Francisco rivers. Because of its u... |
b83ecc2d1ff7d0e1b5ef95c186b9a216 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Agriculture | Agriculture of Brazil | Agriculture of Brazil
The country is essentially self-sufficient in basic foodstuffs and is a leading exporter of a wide range of crops, including oranges, soybeans, coffee, and cassava, which are grown mainly in the South and Southeast. Brazil, unlike most Latin American countries, has increased agricultural productio... |
955b4d1f6db6f69bab0ab82d161eaf6b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Brazil-since-1990 | Brazil since 1990 | Brazil since 1990
Brazil’s old-regime elites and military continued to inhibit reform of the political system in the early 1990s, while the country’s voters became disaffected and cynical, and the political parties remained superficial, depending on personality cults rather than platforms that addressed specific proble... |
592debb95add1b971d7c6e88ec122d03 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Drainage | Drainage of Brazil | Drainage of Brazil
Brazil is drained by the Amazon River, which is the centrepiece of the most extensive river system in the world, and by other systems that are notable in their own right—the Tocantins-Araguaia in the north, the Paraguay-Paraná-Plata in the south, and the São Francisco in the east and northeast. Numer... |
67b3f12bb69619d1f560a940c2beb0ea | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Forestry | Forestry of Brazil | Forestry of Brazil
The South and Southeast account for the majority of Brazil’s timber production, about half of it from plantations of eucalyptus trees introduced from Australia; Honduras pine and several other exotic species are also harvested. The timber from plantations is used mainly to manufacture cellulose and p... |
7ec0ce8ebb3dc207ef0ffc17d1abe9bf | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/History | History of Brazil | History of Brazil
The following discussion focuses on Brazilian history from the time of European settlement. For a treatment of the country in its regional context, see Latin America, history of.
Archaeological sites near the Amazonian towns of Santarém and Monte Alegre and elsewhere in Brazil show that the region has... |
56f1938d87408b0f4521fec06e4a54c2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Independence | Independence of Brazil | Independence of Brazil
Brazil entered nationhood with considerably less strife and bloodshed than did the Spanish-speaking nations of the New World; however, the transition was not entirely peaceful. José Joaquim da Silva Xavier, popularly known as Tiradentes (“Tooth Puller”), instigated in 1789 the first rebellion aga... |
39c6763fecbc7a07be6255e3904acdac | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Kubitscheks-administration | Kubitschek’s administration | Kubitschek’s administration
Vice President João Café Filho served out most of the remainder of Vargas’s term and carried out preparations for the presidential election of October 1955. The major political parties did not unite behind a single candidate; rather, three strong contenders emerged: former Minas Gerais state... |
2fd873cedd005dfafc7fac97549b2974 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Language | Language of Brazil | Language of Brazil
Portuguese is the first language of the vast majority of Brazilians, but numerous foreign words have expanded the national lexicon. The Portuguese language has undergone many transformations, both in the mother country and in its former colony, since it was first introduced into Brazil in the 16th ce... |
23d573e019a541faf0d8681127d4cbac | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Manufacturing | Manufacturing of Brazil | Manufacturing of Brazil
Manufacturing accounts for about one-fifth of the GDP and more than one-tenth of the labour force. With few exceptions, the Southeast contains the largest, most varied, and most efficient establishments in every sector of industry. It also employs three-fifths of the country’s industrial workers... |
30741c609a7c3fc698aeaca2ce2a18e7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Military-intervention-and-dictatorship | Military intervention and dictatorship | Military intervention and dictatorship
As the situation grew more desperate, the administration and its critics further repudiated one another. Goulart identified himself increasingly with the ultranationalistic left and surrounded himself with left-wing advisers, whereas military officers began to sympathize more open... |
9f27930fb95491e678ea7d44a6815f91 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Performing-arts | Performing arts | Performing arts
The classical composer Heitor Villa-Lobos was a powerful force in breaking with tradition to create distinctively Brazilian compositions by weaving folk themes and rhythms of Portuguese, Indian, and African origins into his music. In contemporary music, João Gilberto and Antônio Carlos Jobim introduced ... |
f51eebb461a39b88fe77f64435f22adf | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Royal-governors-Jesuits-and-slaves | Royal governors, Jesuits, and slaves | Royal governors, Jesuits, and slaves
King John III resolved to strengthen his authority in Brazil by unifying the inefficient donatários under a central administration. He appointed as governor-general Tomé de Sousa, a Portuguese noble with impressive experience in Africa and India. Sousa landed in Brazil in 1549 and f... |
71df2ea3c2514b3c72eea9a73f2fa349 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Settlement-patterns | Settlement patterns | Settlement patterns
Frontier settlement and domestic migration have been features of Brazilian society since prehistoric times. The settlement of what is now Brazil began many thousands of years ago with the arrival of hunters and gatherers. At the time of European contact (in 1500), skilled farmers and fishers occupie... |
498a588c94eeea9a4aeec40f1d2f62bb | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Shipping | Shipping of Brazil | Shipping of Brazil
Brazilian coastal shipping was, for many years, in no better condition than its railways. After the federal government launched a shipbuilding program in the 1960s, however, cargo tonnage increased markedly, and, more significantly, ships began to carry a larger percentage of high-value goods as the ... |
9add77dd52eb2f8b202e96568eedcc06 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/The-collapse-of-the-empire | The collapse of the empire | The collapse of the empire
Brazil had progressed considerably under Pedro II’s wise guidance. Its population grew from 4,000,000 to 14,000,000, its public revenues increased 14-fold, the value of its exports rose 10-fold, and the nation’s newly constructed railroads extended more than 5,000 miles (8,000 km). Immigratio... |
6481e6c2193e9e90681f9813448d698a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/The-Vargas-era | The Vargas era | The Vargas era
Getúlio Vargas, the losing candidate in the 1930 presidential election, led a revolt that placed him in power. Vargas, formerly the governor of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, remained central to Brazilian national life for the next 24 years, holding office as chief executive on two occasions, 1930–45 an... |
0831b5cd6d89483db9a9d0e6e0e798a9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brazil/Tourism | Tourism of Brazil | Tourism of Brazil
Tourism is a growing industry in Brazil, which receives some three million foreign visitors a year. However, Brazilians visiting abroad spend significantly more money than do foreigners visiting Brazil; among Brazilians’ preferred destinations are Uruguay, Argentina, and the United States. Most touris... |
164dfc4eeecf62d2aeaf6eaf971e8713 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bressanone | Bressanone | Bressanone
Bressanone, German Brixen, town, Trentino–Alto Adige region, northern Italy; it lies at the confluence of the Rienza (Rienz) and Isarco (Eisack) rivers, on the Brenner railway at an altitude of 1,834 ft (559 m), northeast of Bolzano. An episcopal see was transferred to Bressanone from Sabiona in 992. In the... |
005ad95e0b455ad28b4f5a496556c40a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brighton-Colorado | Brighton | Brighton
Brighton, city, seat (1902) of Adams county (and lying partially within Weld county), north-central Colorado, U.S., on the South Platte River. Originally a rest stop on a fur-trading trail between Fort Bent and Fort Laramie, Wyoming, the town developed (in the late 1860s) at the junction of the Denver Pacific... |
08a41e09a4db8e61d68927a71bdac5ac | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bristol-England | Bristol | Bristol
Bristol, city and unitary authority, southwestern England. The historic centre of Bristol and the sections of the city north of the River Avon (Lower, or Bristol, Avon) were part of the historic county of Gloucestershire, while the areas south of the Avon lay within the historic county of Somerset until the cr... |
d11b8e8b993124bd9d87bdf14d848c0e | https://www.britannica.com/place/British-Antarctic-Territory | British Antarctic Territory | British Antarctic Territory
British Antarctic Territory, a territory of the United Kingdom lying southeast of South America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west. Triangular in shape, it has an area (mostly ocean) of 2,095,000 square miles (5,425,000 square km), bounded by the... |
aeb945a9f92945966b1f50d7b866c55c | https://www.britannica.com/place/British-Somaliland | British Somaliland | British Somaliland
British Somaliland, Former British protectorate, southern shore of the Gulf of Aden, eastern Africa. In the Middle Ages it was a powerful Arab sultanate; it was broken up in the 17th century. Its coast came under British influence in the early 19th century, but formal control was not acquired until ... |
8de66a8695aab0baa0947291c6cb1982 | https://www.britannica.com/place/British-West-Africa | British West Africa | British West Africa
British West Africa, assortment of widely separated territories in western Africa that were administered by Great Britain during the colonial period. These included Sierra Leone, the Gambia, Nigeria (with the British Cameroons), and the Gold Coast (including Gold Coast crown colony, the Asante empi... |
93fbda5d4e7fa6be6905c897168635cc | https://www.britannica.com/place/Broome-Western-Australia | Broome | Broome
Broome, town and port, northern Western Australia, on the north shore of Roebuck Bay, an inlet of the Indian Ocean. It is situated on the Great Northern Highway to Perth (1,390 miles [2,240 km] southwest).
The region of the coast including Broome was explored in 1688 and 1699 by the English adventurer and bucca... |
ab418f30a40106fe37dcf3310f1028bf | https://www.britannica.com/place/Brus-Laguna | Brus Laguna | Brus Laguna
Brus Laguna, town, northeastern Honduras. It lies in the coastal lowlands near the Sicre River, which empties into Brus Lagoon.
Brus Laguna is the commercial centre for the large but sparsely populated department. Coconuts are gathered and livestock are raised in the vicinity; there is some sawmilling in t... |
6b63188a9c21020ee7ed7103cfe88a79 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bryansk-oblast-Russia | Bryansk | Bryansk
Bryansk, also spelled Br’ansk, orBriansk, oblast (province), western Russia, in the broad basin of the Desna River. In the north and east are low hills with mixed forest cover, but elsewhere most of the land has been plowed. Agriculture, especially grain and industrial crops, is highly developed. Towns are sma... |
bad35c055612d434e3afef879699cc35 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bucegi-Massif | Bucegi Massif | Bucegi Massif
Bucegi Massif, Romanian Munții Bucegi, mountain massif, one of the four forming the Transylvanian Alps (Southern Carpathians), south central Romania, rising to 8,225 ft (2,507 m) in Mt. Omu. The group includes the Leaota Massif and Piatra Craiului, both structurally part of the Bucegi Massif but separate... |
e581a532ae8b65a9f3a6600f4153973a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buckinghamshire | Buckinghamshire | Buckinghamshire
Buckinghamshire, administrative, geographic, and historic county of southern England. It stretches from the River Thames in the south and the outskirts of London in the southeast across the ridge of chalk upland known as the Chiltern Hills, thence across the fertile Vale of Aylesbury and a low sandy ri... |
2bf8d45152e727a9a1ae7d10941faf37 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bucks | Bucks | Bucks
Bucks, county, southeastern Pennsylvania, U.S., bordered to the east by New Jersey (the Delaware River constituting the boundary). It consists of piedmont terrain surrounded by the cities of Allentown, Pa., Trenton, N.J., and Philadelphia, Pa. In addition to the Delaware, the county is drained by Cooks, Tohickon... |
139a82ab3e69c6143c02cd9b37f6c21d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buenos-Aires/History | History of Buenos Aires | History of Buenos Aires
The city of Buenos Aires was founded twice. It was first founded in 1536 by an expedition led by the Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza, who named it Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Aire (“Our Lady St. Mary of the Good Air”). He was made the first governor-general of the Río de la Plata region. That ... |
c701a815eaa057f7419bca670da8b8d9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buffalo-New-York | Buffalo | Buffalo
Buffalo, city and port, seat (1821) of Erie county, western New York, U.S. It is located where the eastern end of Lake Erie narrows into the Niagara River. New York’s second largest city, it is the metropolis of a large urban complex that includes the cities of Lackawanna, Lockport, Niagara Falls, and Tonawand... |
a3015597ef1666d79d6a24fd773122ee | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buffalo-Wyoming | Buffalo | Buffalo
Buffalo, city, seat (1881) of Johnson county, north-central Wyoming, U.S., on Clear Creek, immediately east of the Bighorn Mountains and Bighorn National Forest. The region was prime hunting ground for Sioux, Arapaho, and Cheyenne Indians, and many armed conflicts ensued as settlers moved into the area. Forts ... |
601e936716ea1fa9f433cc47fbc25f91 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buka-Island | Buka Island | Buka Island
Buka Island, island of Papua New Guinea in the Solomon Sea, southwestern Pacific Ocean. Geographically, Buka is one of the northern Solomon Islands and lies northwest of Bougainville Island, from which it is separated by the deep, narrow Buka Passage, which ranges from about 980 to 3,500 feet (300 to 1,070... |
7a86940af1efada569a94d384aec26c2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bukadaban-Peak | Bukadaban Peak | Bukadaban Peak
…reaches, including Mount Muztag and Bukadaban Peak (22,507 feet [6,860 metres]). The surrounding plain lies above 16,000 feet (4,900 metres); hence, these mountains do not have the prominence of other high mountains in Asia. Soil zonation is simple in structure, with steppe soils and desert soils, both ... |
4d1d40f6587f056c4c776f8184fc50df | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria | Bulgaria | Bulgaria
Bulgaria, officially Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgarian Republika Bŭlgariya, country occupying the eastern portion of the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. Founded in the 7th century, Bulgaria is one of the oldest states on the European continent. It is intersected by historically important routes from no... |
13d0cbf55dadaf78afa058f39cbd3a94 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bulgaria/Economy | Economy of Bulgaria | Economy of Bulgaria
The rapid industrialization of Bulgaria since World War II and the economic transition it underwent with the demise of the communist regime had a profound effect on Bulgarian society. Liberalization of price controls in the early 1990s led to a marked rise in prices. As a result, inflation rose and ... |
8ce9a8abd38f3112b7c2884f49256dd1 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Burgundy/History | History of Burgundy | History of Burgundy
The Burgundians were a Scandinavian people whose original homeland lay on the southern shores of the Baltic Sea, where the island of Bornholm (Burgundarholm in the Middle Ages) still bears their name. About the 1st century ce they moved into the lower valley of the Vistula River, but, unable to defe... |
1750292043f6674864f42bf0e105dcaf | https://www.britannica.com/place/Burkina-Faso/Demographic-trends | Demographic trends | Demographic trends
Burkina Faso’s yearly population growth rate is more than double the world average. More than two-fifths of the population is younger than age 15. Average life expectancy is just above 60 years—lower than the global average but similar to that of neighbouring countries.
About nine-tenths of the popul... |
05dd562dadc5a473ef5c806c9eb313cc | https://www.britannica.com/place/Burlington-county-New-Jersey | Burlington | Burlington
Burlington, county, central New Jersey, U.S., bounded by Pennsylvania to the west (the Delaware River constituting the border) and the mouth of Great Bay in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mullica River to the southeast and south. It consists of a coastal lowland drained by the Bass, Batsto, Mullica, Oswego, and... |
7aedb047ae92351db60c07e9edfda775 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bursa-Turkey | Bursa | Bursa
Bursa, formerly Brusa, original name Prusa, city, northwestern Turkey. It is situated along the northern foothills of Ulu Dağ (the ancient Mysian Olympus).
Probably founded by a Bithynian king in the 3rd century bce, it prospered during Byzantine times after the emperor Justinian I (reigned 527–565 ce) built a p... |
2ba9f942c098318881b9498af06f8c0f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Bushveld-Complex | Bushveld Complex | Bushveld Complex
…2 billion years ago the Bushveld Complex—which is one of the largest differentiated igneous bodies on Earth, containing major deposits of platinum, chromium, and vanadium—was emplaced in the northern Kaapvaal craton. The middle part of the early Proterozoic was dominated by powerful orogenic (mountain... |
ff4e17286f40ad85b0f27672a2a359d7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buzau-Romania | Buzău | Buzău
Buzău, city, capital of Buzău județ (county), southeastern Romania, on the Buzău River, approximately 60 miles (100 km) northeast of Bucharest. Its location near the foothills of the Eastern Carpathians at the limit of the Danube Plain fostered its development as a market and trading centre. It was first documen... |
4dbcc800de2cbbb1cfcaf8dd6759adc5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Buzzards-Bay-inlet-Massachusetts | Buzzards Bay | Buzzards Bay
Buzzards Bay, inlet of the Atlantic Ocean, indenting southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. The bay is 30 miles (48 km) long and 5–10 miles (8–16 km) wide. It extends to the base of the Cape Cod peninsula (northeast) and is bounded on the southeast by the Elizabeth Islands. It is connected to Cape Cod Bay by th... |
fc9d7fb1ffe1bc21d3aa82e330071e29 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Byblos | Byblos | Byblos
Byblos, modern Jbail, also spelled Jubayl, or Jebeil, biblical Gebal, ancient seaport, the site of which is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, about 20 miles (30 km) north of the modern city of Beirut, Lebanon. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited towns in the world. The name Byblos is Gre... |
cea2567ea39491b2e7adb732007ea25a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cabrera-island-Spain | Cabrera | Cabrera
…and the small island of Cabrera. The western group is known as the Pitiusas and includes the islands of Ibiza (Eivissa) and Formentera. The archipelago is an extension of the sub-Baetic cordillera of peninsular Spain, and the two are linked by a sill near Cape Nao in the province of…
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64a72eece83e6640e56b52a4555ed392 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caen | Caen | Caen
Caen, city, capital of Calvados département, Normandy région, northwestern France, on the Orne River, 9 miles (14 km) from the English Channel, southwest of Le Havre.
It first became important under the Norman dukes in the 10th and 11th centuries and was the capital of lower Normandy in the time of William the Co... |
21a8a2aae2b1c0396a4970abd386023d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Calabria-ancient-city-Italy | Calabria | Calabria
Calabria, ancient city whose name applied, from the 3rd century bce to the 7th century ce, to a district in the southeastern extremity of the Italian peninsula between the Adriatic and the Gulf of Tarentum. According to the geographer Strabo (1st century bce), the region had once been the site of 13 prosperou... |
bdbaa9f568eeb1732bc84e158ea8db6c | https://www.britannica.com/place/Calabria-region-Italy | Calabria | Calabria
Calabria, regione, southern Italy, composed of the province of Catanzaro, Cosenza, Crotone, Reggio di Calabria, and Vibo Valentia. Sometimes referred to as the “toe” of the Italian “boot,” Calabria is a peninsula of irregular shape, jutting out in a northeast-southwest direction from the main body of Italy an... |
424efc6049f1b0317b43c7e3f4261768 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caldey-Island | Caldey Island | Caldey Island
Caldey Island, also spelled Caldy Island, Welsh Ynys Bŷr, island in Carmarthen Bay of the Bristol Channel, Pembrokeshire (Sir Benfro) county, southwestern Wales. It lies 2.3 miles (3.7 km) south of the port of Tenby. The island is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and 1 mile (1.6 km) across at its widest.
Since at... |
5217d7d472865f007e8caa0caa0fc895 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caledonia-county-Vermont | Caledonia | Caledonia
Caledonia, county, northeastern Vermont, U.S., bounded on the southeast by New Hampshire, the Connecticut River constituting the border. Piedmont terrain occupies most of the county except the northeastern corner, which lies in a highland region. The principal waterways are the Passumpsic, Lamoille, Wells, a... |
5a05d6ae4e0874d479495e77967caba3 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Calexico | Calexico | Calexico
Calexico, city and port of entry, Imperial county, southern California, U.S. It is located at the southern end of the Imperial Valley and is separated from the city of Mexicali, Mexico, by a reinforced steel fence. Founded in 1900, Calexico was once a tent town for the Imperial Land Company. It developed as a... |
1b508cbf6525e08eaad581f518889aad | https://www.britannica.com/place/California-state | California | California
California, constituent state of the United States of America. It was admitted as the 31st state of the union on September 9, 1850, and by the early 1960s it was the most populous U.S. state. No version of the origin of California’s name has been fully accepted, but there is wide support for the contention ... |
57f4cc51a62e7835c3bee3d200ba60e4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/California-state/History | History of California | History of California
When Spanish navigator Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo became the first European to sight the region that is present-day California in 1542, there were about 130,000 Native Americans inhabiting the area. The territory was neglected by Spain for more than two centuries (until 1769) because of reports of th... |
a90bdd1b5a12f1947bf34c674d5ad65b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Calvados | Calvados | Calvados
…the northwestern départements of Orne, Calvados, and Manche. The northern and western shores of the region are washed by the English Channel. In 2016 the Basse-Normandie région was joined with the région of Haute-Normandie to form the new administrative entity of Normandy.
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b63c7a9ee42c6dc1cade0b43373139fc | https://www.britannica.com/place/Camarina | Camarina | Camarina
Camarina showed fine types of the river god Hipparis and the nymph Camarina on a swan. Himera, before its destruction in 409, issued some very interesting types, such as the nymph Himera sacrificing while Silenus beside her bathes at the thermal spring for which Himera…
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7615f1b805dc5fb12ef02e4d0ffc3d33 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia/Civil-war | Civil war | Civil war
In March 1970, while Prince Sihanouk was visiting the Soviet Union, the National Assembly voted to remove him from office as head of state. Lon Nol subsequently took control of the government. Confused and hurt, Sihanouk traveled to Beijing and accepted Chinese advice to resist the coup by taking charge of a ... |
8d490284fb00338035eaa45708536a56 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia/Religion | Religion of Cambodia | Religion of Cambodia
Most ethnic Khmer are Theravada (Hinayana) Buddhists (i.e., belonging to the older and more traditional of the two great schools of Buddhism, the other school being Mahayana). Until 1975 Buddhism was officially recognized as the state religion of Cambodia.
Under the Khmer Rouge, all religious pract... |
f3ec59782428b68275d31201f0a6e498 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambodia/Vietnamese-intervention | Vietnamese intervention | Vietnamese intervention
The Khmer Rouge initially had been trained by the Vietnamese, but from the early 1970s they had been resentful and suspicious of Vietnam and Vietnamese intentions. Scattered skirmishes between the two sides in 1975 had escalated into open warfare by the end of 1977. The Cambodians were no match ... |
c72e2df13414d9efb7b8d8ef60e4b963 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambridgeshire | Cambridgeshire | Cambridgeshire
Cambridgeshire, administrative, geographic, and historic county of eastern England. The administrative county covers a much larger area than the ancient shire, or historic county. Formed in 1974, the administrative county incorporates almost all of the historic county of Cambridgeshire and most of the h... |
d2815a1d3466c2655ed84b21c7fa80cb | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cameroon | Cameroon | Cameroon
Cameroon, country lying at the junction of western and central Africa. Its ethnically diverse population is among the most urban in western Africa. The capital is Yaoundé, located in the south-central part of the country.
The country’s name is derived from Rio dos Camarões (“River of Prawns”)—the name given t... |
c3e1872c9174ad7a6e7e42db071daf8f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Campbell-Island | Campbell Island | Campbell Island
Campbell Island, outlying volcanic island of New Zealand, in the South Pacific Ocean, 400 miles (644 km) south of South Island. It has an area of 41 square miles (106 square km) and is high and rugged, rising to 1,867 feet (569 m) at Mount Honey, and gradually leveling off to the north. Cliffs border t... |
de2a336a6b02164eb16b5f265e982ace | https://www.britannica.com/place/Campeche-state-Mexico | Campeche | Campeche
Campeche, estado (state), southeastern Mexico, on the western part of the Yucatán Peninsula. It is bounded to the north and east by the state of Yucatán, to the east by the state of Quintana Roo, to the south by Guatemala, to the southwest by the state of Tabasco, and to the west by the Bay of Campeche, an in... |
73416b8bd40dc1292e1aaf87b71ee6b7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Campobasso-Italy | Campobasso | Campobasso
Campobasso, city, capital of Molise regione (region), south-central Italy, northeast of Naples. The old town on a hill was abandoned in 1732 by its inhabitants, who built a new town on a lower fertile plain. The Castello Monforte (1459) with six towers of the medieval walls remains in the old town, which al... |
a27470e055380fa418c3976f5d474f5f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Can-Tho | Can Tho | Can Tho
Can Tho, city and province-level municipality, southern Vietnam. Situated on the left bank of the Hau Giang River, 90 miles (145 km) southwest of Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon), it is an industrial centre and the largest city of the flat delta region of the Mekong River, which includes the Ca Mau Peninsula... |
396958cab8c681b03736efe5d9dcdb50 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Agriculture-forestry-and-fishing | Agriculture, forestry, and fishing | Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
Less than one-twelfth of Canada’s land area is suitable for crop production. About four-fifths of this cropland is in the Prairie Provinces, where long sunny days in summer and adequate precipitation combine to provide excellent grain yields. However, the widest range of crops and the... |
f7aa187c9893b3707d0b06bf708c4404 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Canada-and-the-Commonwealth | Canada and the Commonwealth | Canada and the Commonwealth
If the special ties with the United States waxed during the postwar years, the historic ones with Great Britain waned further. However, the traditional ties between Canada and Great Britain remained: the common crown; the parliamentary system of government; the desire for much the same kind ... |
e14eeaca00bc341250c5832c05593208 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Cultural-institutions | Cultural institutions | Cultural institutions
Along with developments in the visual arts came the establishment of art collections and art galleries. The National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa, dating from 1880, includes not only the most extensive and important collection of arts by Canadians but also collections built up along international l... |
c67239282335eb1a9dcf59a4bce16027 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Cultural-life | Cultural life | Cultural life
In 1951 the Royal Commission on National Development in the Arts, Letters, and Sciences issued a report (what became known as the Massey Report) warning that Canadian culture had become invisible, nearly indistinguishable from that of the neighbouring United States, owing to years of “American invasion by... |
0380ca49d5347f4bd46dda4c9f256583 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Early-British-rule-1763-91 | Early British rule, 1763–91 | Early British rule, 1763–91
At first the former New France was to be governed by the Royal Proclamation of October 7, 1763, which declared the territory between the Alleghenies and the Mississippi to be Indian territory and closed to settlement until the indigenous peoples there could be subdued. What had been New Fran... |
10a84c203b108a948d74f02bb8ee78ab | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Economy | Economy of Canada | Economy of Canada
The early settlement and growth of Canada depended on exploiting and exporting the country’s vast natural resources. During the 20th century, manufacturing industries and services became increasingly important. By the end of the 20th century, agriculture and mining accounted for less than 5 percent of... |
0e3c19359163294800614744d21d1568 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Foreign-relations | Foreign relations | Foreign relations
Canada’s contacts with the world in 1900 were almost wholly through Great Britain and the United States. Indeed, Canada’s formal relations with other countries were conducted only through the British Foreign Office because Canada, though self-governing, was still a colony and thus had no independent d... |
f35d14f4dcdf9cfcf7aedb23d849a5d0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Health-and-welfare | Health and welfare | Health and welfare
Canadians are proud of their Medicare system, which was built on the idea that sophisticated health and medical treatment should be available to everyone. Although the system is publicly financed, services are delivered by the private sector. The federal government determines national standards, but ... |
a43f1937789caed530b0be92811437b4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Land | Land of Canada | Land of Canada
Canada’s total land area includes thousands of adjacent islands, notably Newfoundland in the east and those of the Arctic Archipelago in the north. Canada is bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, Greenland (a self-governing part of the Danish kingdom) to the northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the east,... |
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