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99ce3e27426b3ae1a4691f9fc2d61f15 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Local-government | Local government | Local government
Because municipal government falls under the jurisdiction of the provinces, there are 10 distinct systems of municipal government in Canada, as well as many variations within each system. The variations are attributable to differences in historical development and in area and population density. Thus, ... |
467b87cee61e96816ccf987abb260e90 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/National-growth-in-the-early-19th-century | National growth in the early 19th century | National growth in the early 19th century
The influx of loyalists changed the composition of the population of the British North American colonies by adding elements at once American yet profoundly attached to British institutions; it also increased the population by some 6,000 in the old province of Quebec. To these w... |
42fe6eb8833b8a7a27a8dcd2efa2a875 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Political-process | Political process | Political process
The 308 members of the House of Commons, from which the prime minister is selected, are elected for a maximum term of five years by universal suffrage in single-member districts (known in Canada as ridings). The prime minister may dissolve the House of Commons and call new elections at any time within... |
c571ef38ad6617e5d9c95805c3d73e57 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Resources-and-power | Resources and power | Resources and power
Canada is rich in mineral resources. The vast Canadian Shield, with its masses of igneous and metamorphic rocks, contains numerous large deposits. Metallic minerals are also found in such rock types in the Western Cordillera and the Appalachians. Although there are some metallic mineral and fossil f... |
2d283f7547756d9587e6b9b878be5ea5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Royal-control | Royal control | Royal control
New France, though a proprietary colony, was governed by the company, which appointed governors for Canada and Acadia, and a few dependent officers. The kings of France remained interested in the colony, both because of the vast potential wealth of the area and because the crown might have to resume the p... |
597a0c57d49f82cc274bb9ff24faca9d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Second-premiership | Second premiership | Second premiership
Although Trudeau had contemplated stepping down as Liberal leader after his electoral defeat in May 1979, he once again became prime minister in February 1980. His continued opposition to separatism was evident when he campaigned actively in Quebec against separation in a May 1980 referendum, which t... |
e6137c4c0837843d3e9121137a6acf9a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Security | Security of Canada | Security of Canada
The police forces of Canada are organized into three groups: the federal force, called the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP); provincial police; and municipal police. The RCMP, or Mounties—one of Canada’s best-known organizations—was established in 1873 for service in the Northwest Territories of ... |
5d0c9daa5fe1334ccffe80dc7fc06a41 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Settlement-patterns | Settlement patterns | Settlement patterns
When Europeans began exploring and developing resources in what is now Canada, they found the land sparsely populated by many different First Nations in the south and the Inuit in the north. The indigenous peoples were primarily hunters and gatherers and often were nomadic. Because they were few in ... |
493d17f070e3943aff48f78425242c02 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-administrations-of-Jean-Chretien-and-Paul-Martin-1993-2006 | The administrations of Jean Chrétien and Paul Martin, 1993–2006 | The administrations of Jean Chrétien and Paul Martin, 1993–2006
The new Liberal government faced several challenges, including an ongoing recession, political fragmentation along regional lines, and a resurgence of the independence movement in Quebec. In early 1995 Canada’s self-image was tarnished when the government ... |
eaddf266eaf7aeac64f1ad71259c051f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-arts | The arts of Canada | The arts of Canada
The first truly Canadian literary works were written in French by explorers, missionaries, and settlers, and many of them became the inspiration for subsequent writings. Some were notable literature, such as Marc Lescarbot’s Histoire de la Nouvelle France (1609; History of New France). The first majo... |
c24fcdd6cbcc2d5e04c6b0db28b6d347 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-French-and-Indian-Seven-Years-War | The French and Indian (Seven Years’) War | The French and Indian (Seven Years’) War
The French had also been active on the Ohio and had opened a line of communication from Lake Erie to the Forks. The rivals clashed on the Monongahela, and Washington was forced to surrender and retreat. This clash marked the beginning of the Anglo-French war known in America as ... |
72a2e1677d78c939f58d0d06c59cfe8d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-growth-of-Anglo-French-rivalry | The growth of Anglo-French rivalry | The growth of Anglo-French rivalry
In the 1660s two voyageurs, Médard Chouart des Groseilliers and Pierre Esprit Radisson fled to New England, exasperated by the high cost of the long haul back to Quebec and by the heavy tax on fur pelts. From there they were escorted to England, where in 1668 they persuaded a group of... |
7ce6e95f2343018be9f0217cb6a75219 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-Laurier-era | The Laurier era | The Laurier era
For 15 years Wilfrid Laurier’s Liberal government reflected the acquiescent politics of prosperity and progress, but it also fostered a degree of social activism inspired by the growing Progressive movement in the United States. Many Canadian religious leaders, intellectuals, journalists, educators, pol... |
3977d3b9d0457f5d35d1b756950614f3 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-Montreal-fur-traders | The Montreal fur traders | The Montreal fur traders
The redivision of the continent begun by the American Revolution had been intensified by rivalry in the fur trade. The French fur trade of Montreal had been taken over by British American traders who conducted the trade with the aid of French experience and skill. The British supplied the capit... |
d6eb06bd112b1f0773d9007bdb3dd99e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/The-War-of-1812 | The War of 1812 | The War of 1812
The War of 1812 can largely be traced to the Anglo-U.S. rivalry in the fur trade. British traders and soldiers had supplied Native Americans and afforded them moral support in their contest with the advancing U.S. frontier. Britain had surrendered the western posts by the Jay Treaty of 1794, but the cau... |
d7983fc4d68c130cb7ee25c6a48cde0e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/U-S-Canadian-relations | U.S.-Canadian relations | U.S.-Canadian relations
The policy of the Liberal government (in power since 1935), wartime cooperation, and the close economic interconnections between Canada and the United States had brought the two neighbours into a more intimate relationship than ever before. After World War II Canada’s special relations with the ... |
aa7504974c21335ff0e2e11f46be4ec5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/Visual-arts | Visual arts | Visual arts
Sculpture and handicrafts have existed since Canada’s earliest history, though it was only in the 20th century that museums and scholars began to take note of important works of art such as the stone carvings of the Inuit and the totem-pole carvings of the Northwest Coast indigenous peoples. Since then, new... |
24317a6d5ac6080d4845c850086ba961 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canada/World-War-II | World War II | World War II
On September 9, 1939, eight days after Germany’s invasion of Poland, Canada’s Parliament voted to declare war on Germany, which the country did the next day. (Its separate declaration of war was a measure of the independence granted it in the 1931 Statute of Westminster; in 1914 there had been no such inde... |
78c1159c72ee6e1d258312c3fc53053a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Canaveral-National-Seashore | Canaveral National Seashore | Canaveral National Seashore
…of the wildlife refuge overlaps Canaveral National Seashore, established in 1975. The national seashore covers an area of 90 square miles (233 square km) between New Smyrna Beach (north) and the space centre (south) and includes 24 miles (39 km) of undeveloped barrier beaches between the At... |
d634de119c2374294b64b4a31c9fcb7a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cangas-de-Onis | Cangas de Onís | Cangas de Onís
…kingdom with its capital at Cangas de Onís. The stories and relics of Pelayo associated with the nearby shrine of Covadonga, the preserved site of the first major victory against the Moors (722), belong to legend rather than to fact; it was, however, in this legendary guise that he became…
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95030d2c906e7ecd2f37f2da326816b4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Cod | Cape Cod | Cape Cod
Cape Cod, hooked sandy peninsula of glacial origin encompassing most of Barnstable county, southeastern Massachusetts, U.S. It extends 65 miles (105 km) into the Atlantic Ocean, has a breadth of between 1 and 20 miles (1.6 and 32 km), and is bounded by Cape Cod Bay (north and west), Buzzards Bay (west), and V... |
6d3841fc03e0257d912bf447d5f45386 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Fear-River | Cape Fear River | Cape Fear River
Cape Fear River, river in central and southeastern North Carolina, U.S., formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw rivers along the boundary between Chatham and Lee counties. It flows generally southeast past Fayetteville, Elizabethtown, and Wilmington and enters the Atlantic Ocean at Southport, opp... |
e9c6a029fd697214f46772588fe20501 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Girardeau | Cape Girardeau | Cape Girardeau
Cape Girardeau, city, Cape Girardeau county, southeastern Missouri, U.S. It lies along the Mississippi River (there bridged to Illinois) at the southeast edge of the Ozark Plateau, 100 miles (160 km) south of St. Louis. Established before 1793 by the French Canadian Louis Lorimier, it was named for Jean... |
c800682602b4c136111cb0d5c4fb237d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Gracias-a-Dios | Cape Gracias a Dios | Cape Gracias a Dios
Cape Gracias a Dios, Spanish Cabo Gracias a Dios, extreme southeastern Honduras and northeastern Nicaragua, on an island forming part of the Coco River delta. It marks the end of the most noticeable protrusion of land into the Caribbean Sea between the Yucatán Peninsula and the South American mainl... |
1d3a344e954bc8c294249e8f639fdd6b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Lookout-National-Seashore | Cape Lookout National Seashore | Cape Lookout National Seashore
Cape Lookout National Seashore, scenic coastal area on the barrier islands of the southern Outer Banks, eastern North Carolina, U.S. The national seashore, created in 1966, has an area of 44 square miles (114 square km). The three islands—North Core Banks, South Core Banks, and Shacklefo... |
75c7fd087211df555eb37e85fd6989a6 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-San-Lucas | Cape San Lucas | Cape San Lucas
Cape San Lucas, Spanish Cabo San Lucas, extreme southern tip of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. The rocky headland forms the southern extremity of the Sierra de San Lazaro and includes the western shore of San Lucas Bay. The isolated town of San Lucas lies 2 miles (3 km) north of the cape. The ar... |
28448d08c9210a4f69b58c5eb407fb9e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Sao-Roque | Cape São Roque | Cape São Roque
Cape São Roque, Portuguese Cabo de São Roque, headland on the northeastern Atlantic coast of Brazil, Rio Grande do Norte state, 20 miles (32 km) north of Natal, the state capital. It is frequently called the easternmost point of the South American continent (at 5°29′ S 35°13′ W), but the true eastern ex... |
fbffe42bd24241b1c371a7f9b8766311 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cape-Town/The-people | The people of Cape Town | The people of Cape Town
More than half of the residents of the city and metropolitan area are Coloured (the former official term for people of mixed race), about one-fourth are white, about one-fifth are Black, and the remainder are of Asian—primarily Indian—origin. In the metropolitan area Afrikaans is the first langu... |
c9da2f594330db631f80570f4087ac59 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Capricornus | Capricornus | Capricornus
Capricornus, (Latin: “Goat-horned”) , also called the Goat, in astronomy, zodiacal constellation lying in the southern sky between Aquarius and Sagittarius, at about 21 hours right ascension and 20° south declination. Its stars are faint; Deneb Algedi (Arabic for “kid’s tail”) is the brightest star, with a... |
e939c8df17a4c8f33180933f68ad39c0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caratasca-Lagoon | Caratasca Lagoon | Caratasca Lagoon
Caratasca Lagoon, Spanish Laguna de Caratasca, lagoon in northeastern Honduras. The country’s largest lagoon, Caratasca extends inland from the Caribbean Sea for approximately 25 miles (40 km) and measures up to 55 miles (88 km) from northwest to southeast. It is linked to the Caribbean by a 3-mile (5... |
50c40b62ead93b36a682b2ed726b4f2a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Carchemish | Carchemish | Carchemish
Carchemish, Roman Europus, ancient city-state located in what is now southern Turkey, along the border with Syria. Carchemish lay on the west bank of the Euphrates River near the modern town of Jarābulus northern Syria, and 38 miles (61 km) southeast of Gaziantep, Turkey. It commanded a strategic crossing o... |
737418d23244029fb2fe47b8de8e87d4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caria | Caria | Caria
Caria, ancient district of southwestern Anatolia. One of the most thoroughly Hellenized districts, its territory included Greek cities along its Aegean shore and a mountainous interior bounded by Lydia in the north and by Phrygia and Lycia in the east. The non-Greek Carians of the interior considered themselves... |
240e39937fe4d30cfc7cc1c492e52fda | https://www.britannica.com/place/Carmel-Canyon | Carmel Canyon | Carmel Canyon
…east-west off Moss Landing, and Carmel Canyon to the south. Carmel Canyon, the principal tributary, trends north-northwest to join the main valley at an axial depth of 6,000 feet (1,800 metres). Below its junction with Carmel Canyon the Monterey Canyon trends sinuously southwestward and westward down to ... |
455157a63870a366cf009683579840bf | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caroline-Islands | Caroline Islands | Caroline Islands
Caroline Islands, archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean, the islands of which make up the republics of Palau and the Federated States of Micronesia. The Carolines may be divided into two physiographic units: coral caps surmount mountains of volcanic origin to the east, while to the west the islands... |
cc31cd0daff584ea9c76e94aeea0bfff | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cartagena-Colombia | Cartagena | Cartagena
Cartagena, capital of Bolívar departamento, northern Colombia, at the northern end of Cartagena Bay. The old walled sections, including the 17th-century fortress of San Felipe de Barajas, lie on a peninsula and the island of Getsemaní, but the city now spreads over the islands of Manga and Manzanillo and th... |
a40b379537d69bad1ff8a0bb0b7f1ca5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Carupano | Carúpano | Carúpano
Carúpano, city, northern Sucre estado (state), northeastern Venezuela. It was founded in 1647 to be a centre of cacao production and trade; African slaves provided the necessary labour and contributed to the region’s rich folklore. Carúpano is famous for having one of the liveliest Carnival celebrations in th... |
ac0d275ead4926c6dfd57f33da31cbd8 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Casa-Batllo | Casa Batlló | Casa Batlló
…multistoried Barcelona apartment buildings: the Casa Batlló (1904–06), a renovation that incorporated new equilibrated elements, notably the facade; and the Casa Milá (1905–10), the several floors of which are structured like clusters of tile lily pads with steel-beam veins. As was so often his practice, h... |
2dd5ab917923daedcccf7645b0a1f0e7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Casa-de-las-Conchas | Casa de las Conchas | Casa de las Conchas
Cyprian; and the 16th-century Casa de las Conchas, the outside walls of which are covered with carvings of scallop shells, the symbol of the military Order of Santiago of which its first owner, Talavera Maldonado, was chancellor.
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65bf6920b56ab1bda1d706e5a3c4efc0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Casiquiare | Casiquiare | Casiquiare
Casiquiare, also spelled Cassiquiare, navigable waterway in southern Venezuela. It branches off from the Orinoco River downstream from La Esmeralda and meanders generally southwestward for approximately 140 miles (225 km), joining the Guainía River to form the Negro River, a major affluent of the Amazon, ac... |
2e0eb8651d1ac7fa095b1fd71629b0e9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caspian-Sea | Caspian Sea | Caspian Sea
Caspian Sea, Russian Kaspiyskoye More, Persian Darya-ye Khezer, world’s largest inland body of water. It lies to the east of the Caucasus Mountains and to the west of the vast steppe of Central Asia. The sea’s name derives from the ancient Kaspi peoples, who once lived in Transcaucasia to the west. Among i... |
2365e4f93958168ffd828e97f6a86419 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caspian-Sea/Geology | Geology of the Caspian Sea | Geology of the Caspian Sea
The relief of the Caspian Sea reflects its complex geologic structure. The northern Caspian Sea bottom is extremely old, dating to Precambrian times, or at least about 541 million years ago. The bottom of the northern and middle Caspian has a continental-type crustal structure. The northern p... |
b7d0f960691995b35373d1798ba16a4a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cassiar-Mountains | Cassiar Mountains | Cassiar Mountains
…in the south to the Cassiar Mountains and the Yukon Plateau in the north, mostly lying at elevations of about 2,400 feet (700 metres) but with ridges above 8,000 feet (2,400 metres), (4) the Coast Mountains, extending north into the Alaska Range and including lofty volcanoes in the north, (5)…
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cb30047db4b2d365748e91cbabf7b8a9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castello-del-Buon-Consiglio | Castello del Buon Consiglio | Castello del Buon Consiglio
…Maria Maggiore (1520), and the Castello del Buon Consiglio. The latter, dating from the 13th century, served as the seat of the prince-bishops from the 15th century; in 1528–36 a palace and splendid Renaissance courtyard were added to the castle, which is now a national museum.
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f439cc3c31ed036df0c695b247dc8f44 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castle-Hill-Budapest-Hungary | Castle Hill | Castle Hill
In a central position is Castle Hill (Várhegy), 551 feet (168 metres) above sea level and crowned by the restored Buda Castle (Budai vár, commonly called the Royal Palace). In the 13th century a fortress was built on the site and was replaced by a large Baroque palace during the…
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280fda03c8506fff9a2d4de47f9d1fcb | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castlebar | Castlebar | Castlebar
Castlebar, Irish Caisleán an Bharraigh, market and county town, County Mayo, Ireland, at the head of Lough (lake) Castlebar. The town was founded early in the 17th century and was incorporated in 1613. It is now an active angling centre and has bacon-curing and hat-making factories and a small airport. Pop. ... |
586a35c3e81f11155131048137961834 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castlemaine | Castlemaine | Castlemaine
Castlemaine, city in central Victoria, southeastern Australia, located 8 miles (13 km) east of the Loddon River and 78 miles (126 km) northwest of Melbourne. In 1836 the area was crossed by Major Thomas Mitchell, and in 1851 gold was found in Specimen Valley. The mining settlement employed about 30,000 min... |
14e433d9fc17f213a326890933c000b4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castor-star | Castor | Castor
Castor, also called Alpha Geminorum, multiple star having six component stars, in the zodiacal constellation Gemini. The stars Castor and Pollux are named for the twins of Greek mythology. Castor’s combined apparent visual magnitude is 1.58. It appears as a bright visual binary, of which both members are spectr... |
35bfa506704d635529fa70b873993bca | https://www.britannica.com/place/Castro-Chile | Castro | Castro
Castro, town, southern Chile. It lies 45 miles (72 km) south of the town of Ancud, on the east coast of Chiloé Island.
Castro was founded in 1567 and regrew after being destroyed by an earthquake in 1837. Apart from being a port and agricultural centre (potatoes, wheat, livestock), it also has a timber industry... |
460ed0280172b9b639fef4d2564bc51b | https://www.britannica.com/place/Catalhuyuk | Çatalhüyük | Çatalhüyük
Çatalhüyük, major Neolithic site in the Middle East, located near Konya in south-central Turkey. Excavations (1961–65) by the British archaeologist James Mellaart have shown that Anatolia in Neolithic times was the centre of an advanced culture. The earliest building period at Çatalhüyük is tentatively dat... |
ce21bfa7dcf582c0f7a92b272b78da90 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Catatumbo-River | Catatumbo River | Catatumbo River
Catatumbo River, Spanish Río Catatumbo, river rising in northern Colombia. It flows northeast across the Venezuelan border, crosses rich oil-bearing regions in the Maracaibo Lowland, and empties into Lake Maracaibo after a course of about 210 miles (338 km). It is navigable in its lower course and rece... |
4eb6aecc2eb8f649410448eba0a0a793 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Our-Lady | Cathedral of Our Lady | Cathedral of Our Lady
This area contains the Cathedral of Our Lady, begun in the 14th century and restored in the 19th and 20th centuries; it is one of the nation’s finest Gothic buildings. The 19th-century city, with broader and substantially right-angled streets, stretches beyond the old city and merges with some of…... |
afa876aaaa0f96ac7ec27cbaa8faaa07 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Saint-Etienne | Cathedral of Saint-Étienne | Cathedral of Saint-Étienne
Auxerre’s most notable landmark, the cathedral of Saint-Étienne (13th–16th-century Gothic), has three sculptured doorways and a rose window on the west front. A massive tower rises in the northwest corner. The early Gothic choir and the apsidal chapel contain some of the best 13th-century sta... |
6404f58c03fea7f587cb3e718e29c52f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Saint-Peter | Cathedral of Saint Peter | Cathedral of Saint Peter
The nave clerestory windows in York Minster contain some reused panels from a series of narrative windows, one of which depicted the life of St. Benedict (c. 1140–60). Another panel, a single figure of a king from a Jesse tree, shows some affinity in style with the glass at Saint-Denis…
York’s ... |
27ce4f84b4705afb90c95e27f861f4bb | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Saint-Pierre-cathedral-Beauvais-France | Cathedral of Saint-Pierre | Cathedral of Saint-Pierre
The cathedral of Saint-Pierre was ambitiously conceived as the largest in Europe; the apse and transept have survived several collapses, and the choir (157 feet [48 metres]) remains the loftiest ever built. The whole dates from the 10th to the 16th century, with the Romanesque church…
…last of... |
ecec83fc158e3ce61f1c2766f8152ec7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Saint-Sophia-cathedral-Novgorod-Russia | Cathedral of Saint Sophia | Cathedral of Saint Sophia
…of Novgorod began with the cathedral of St. Sophia. It was built in 1045–52, replacing a wooden, 13-dome church of the same name. The new cathedral followed its Kievan namesake in plan, but the divergences from the Byzantine pattern are quite apparent; it has double aisles but only three apse... |
cbddea0dd8fe3c2360935c72310ae4e9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/cathedral-of-Saints-Maurice-and-Catherine | Cathedral of Saints Maurice and Catherine | Cathedral of Saints Maurice and Catherine
…Gothic cathedral (1209–1520) dedicated to Saints Maurice and Catherine has survived, and the Monastery of Our Lady (begun c. 1070), the oldest church in the city, has been restored. The Magdeburg Rider, the oldest German equestrian statue (c. 1240), showing Otto the Great, can... |
7fb9d2db8da6b1970b93e7b0a5bbe2ed | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-Saints-Peter-and-Paul-cathedral-Naumburg-Germany | Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul | Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul
1250) of Naumburg cathedral. Here, the desire for dramatic tension is exploited to good effect, since the figures—a series of lay founders in contemporary costume—are given a realistic place in the architecture, alongside a triforium gallery. Naumburg also has a notable amount of extr... |
dc5666d07a8d12387d4138f1b28579f6 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-San-Ciriaco | Cathedral of San Ciriaco | Cathedral of San Ciriaco
…and the 12th- to 13th-century Cathedral of San Ciriaco, which is supposed to occupy the site of a Roman temple of Venus and incorporates the remains of a basilica of the 5th–6th century. The city has many fine Gothic buildings and is the site of the National Museum of Marche,…
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46a6ec6ded6175574ab1f30731e17ff0 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cathedral-of-St-Stephen | Cathedral of St. Stephen | Cathedral of St. Stephen
Kaptol has the Gothic Cathedral of St. Stephen (13th–15th century), whose sacristy contains a 13th-century fresco; the cathedral was restored at the end of the 19th century. Near the cathedral is the Baroque palace of the archbishops of Zagreb, with a chapel of St. Stephen (mid-13th century).
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a135572f0431134926c52d83a1f5fd0e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Catskill-Delta | Catskill Delta | Catskill Delta
Catskill Delta, structure that was deposited in the northeastern United States during the Middle and Late Devonian Period (the Devonian Period began about 416 million years ago and lasted about 57 million years); it is named for exposures studied in the Catskill Mountains of New York. During Middle and ... |
921fc69aa1507260e6234a603482117e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Catskill-Game-Farm-Inc | Catskill Game Farm, Inc. | Catskill Game Farm, Inc.
Catskill Game Farm, Inc., privately owned zoo opened in 1933 in Catskill, New York, U.S. It occupied more than 914 acres (370 hectares), of which 135 acres (55 hectares) were open to the public from May to October. The remainder of the zoo grounds were maintained as a breeding preserve. The Ca... |
e7d92c4ae67b1f7d92e5ebe447b1ce53 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caudine-Forks | Caudine Forks | Caudine Forks
Caudine Forks, Latin Furculae Caudinae, narrow mountain pass near Beneventum in ancient Samnium (near modern Montesarchio, Campania, southern Italy). In the Battle of Caudine Forks the Samnites under Gavius Pontius defeated and captured a Roman army in 321 bc, during the Second Samnite War. The Roman arm... |
c044f5d84a69286ff1739b3addd7aaa9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cavendish-Laboratory | Cavendish Laboratory | Cavendish Laboratory
…head of the highly successful Cavendish Laboratory. (It was there that he met Rose Elizabeth Paget, whom he married in 1890.) He not only administered the research projects but also financed two additions to the laboratory buildings primarily from students’ fees, with little support from the unive... |
b7c68a909c90ef25bcf4b6a9658673c5 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Caxias-do-Sul | Caxias do Sul | Caxias do Sul
Caxias do Sul, city, northeastern Rio Grande do Sul estado (state), southern Brazil. It lies 2,490 feet (760 metres) above sea level on the range of hills separating the Antas and Caí river valleys.
It was founded in 1875 by Italian colonists and given city status in 1910. Metallurgic industries—includin... |
27d2bc4a7e23e69675cfcc40dcca3d7a | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cayman-Brac | Cayman Brac | Cayman Brac
…Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, and Cayman Brac, situated about 180 miles (290 km) northwest of Jamaica. The islands are the outcroppings of a submarine mountain range that extends northeastward from Belize to Cuba. The capital is George Town, on Grand Cayman.
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f31af4c3060ef81ffec23a4d90637e38 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cayman-Ridge | Cayman Ridge | Cayman Ridge
…from the Yucatán Basin by Cayman Ridge, an incomplete fingerlike ridge that extends from the southern part of Cuba toward Guatemala, rising above the surface at one point to form the Cayman Islands. The Nicaraguan Rise, a wide triangular ridge with a sill depth of about 4,000 feet (1,200 metres),…
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c12137f036ab9cd8db91bc0a164f2e32 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cayman-Trench | Cayman Trench | Cayman Trench
Cayman Trench, also called Bartlett Deep, or Bartlett Trough, submarine trench on the floor of the western Caribbean Sea between Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. It extends from the Windward Passage at the southeastern tip of Cuba toward Guatemala. The relatively narrow trough trends east-northeast to wes... |
472a46900b10bc1dc0856726c80f46a2 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cayor-historical-state-Africa | Cayor | Cayor
…which the most important was Cayor. During the 15th century Wolof was a powerful empire, on the border of which lay the tributary state of Sine-Solum, ruled by the Serer, a kindred people to the Wolof.
…by the neighbouring state of Cayor, which controlled it until 1686. Late in the 17th century, Wolof invaded Ca... |
8a36d8f289c1003e37a42a8bba233900 | https://www.britannica.com/place/CBS-Building | CBS Building | CBS Building
…Kevin Roche in the 35-story CBS Building (1964) in New York City, and the system was further developed by Khan in the 221-metre (725-foot) Shell Oil Building (1967) in Houston.
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906334790b1112cbd0262e5a1890b735 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Celebes | Celebes | Celebes
Celebes, Indonesian Sulawesi, one of the four Greater Sunda Islands, Indonesia. A curiously shaped island with four distinct peninsulas that form three major gulfs—Tomini (the largest) on the northeast, Tolo on the east, and Bone on the south—Celebes has a coastline of 3,404 miles (5,478 km). Area including ad... |
1aa191f0d9a15e17114005ccb2d8b5f9 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Celje | Celje | Celje
Celje, Italian and German Cilli, city, central Slovenia, on the Savinja River about 35 miles (56 km) northeast of Ljubljana, Slovenia’s capital. Founded as Claudia Celeia by the Roman emperor Claudius in the 1st century ce, it was home in the 3rd century to a Christian bishop later canonized as St. Maximilian. I... |
4fbdd802029fca53586c58380975147f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cento | Cento | Cento
Cento, town, Emilia-Romagna regione, north-central Italy, on the Reno River, 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Bologna. A chapel was built in the church of Santa Maria del Rosario for the 17th-century Baroque painter Guercino (G.F. Barbieri), who is represented in the local art gallery and was born in Cento. Several... |
a7d744ce091eb80fae0849bd7ea722ef | https://www.britannica.com/place/central-Africa/Early-society-and-economy | Early society and economy | Early society and economy
The population of Central Africa has evolved in three broad time zones. During the earliest, which covered a million years, early humans sought food and shelter throughout the savanna regions and probably in the forest as well, though the forest may have been much thinner in the great dry phas... |
40bb85d8b2b5defe61ba6fd7766a1301 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-African-Plateau | Central African Plateau | Central African Plateau
…from its source on the Central African Plateau to empty into the Indian Ocean. With its tributaries, it drains an area of more than 500,000 square miles (1,300,000 square kilometres). The Zambezi (meaning “Great River” in the language of the Tonga people) includes along its course the Victoria ... |
3621099535bff0d32b1c4b9ea0b1f962 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-African-Republic/Ethnic-groups | Ethnic groups | Ethnic groups
The people of the Central African Republic range from the hunting-and-gathering forest Pygmy peoples, the Aka, to state-forming groups such as the Zande and Nzakara. Prior to the arrival of Europeans in the late 19th century, distinctions between different groups were highly fluid. Many thought of themsel... |
96d9135af8c69e6799b9eb588df0f269 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-America/The-Habsburg-period-1524-1700 | The Habsburg period (1524–1700) | The Habsburg period (1524–1700)
Political jurisdiction over Central America under Spanish rule evolved slowly because of the rivalries between conquistadores. These rivalries led to violence and civil war among the Spaniards in the early years of colonial rule and retarded the unification of Central America. Decentrali... |
410c92b541f26534f5df417689cfb09e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Andes | Central Andes | Central Andes
The Central Andes begin at latitude 35° S, at a point where the cordillera undergoes a sharp change of character. Its width increases to about 50 miles, and it becomes arid and higher; the passes, too, are higher and more difficult to cross.…
The Central Andes lie between the Gulfs of Guayaquil and Penas ... |
b1de9483b47848ebf1d8c13f9b0db018 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Brahui-Range | Central Brāhui Range | Central Brāhui Range
Central Brāhui Range, southern offshoot of the Himalayas, lying in the centre of the Balochistān plateau, Pakistan. It extends southward for about 225 miles (360 km) from the Pishīn Lora and Zhob rivers to the Mūla River. The range is a series of parallel limestone ridges covered with juniper for... |
548ee2023892dfe7da90682f3885c591 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-German-Uplands | Central German Uplands | Central German Uplands
Geographically, the Central German Uplands form a region of great complexity. Under the impact of the Alpine orogeny, the planed-off remnants of the former Hercynian mountains were shattered and portions thrust upward to form block mountains, with sedimentary rocks preserved between them…
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c49d346a9df94bb50aad5172b9f62421 | https://www.britannica.com/place/central-highlands | Central highlands | Central highlands
The central highlands—actually a part of the Himalayan chain—include the main Hindu Kush range. Its area of about 160,000 square miles (414,000 square km) is a region of deep, narrow valleys and lofty mountains, some peaks of which rise above 21,000 feet (6,400 metres). High mountain…
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0b997b85c7ec74ace6659851bc1b9b71 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Kalahari-Game-Reserve | Central Kalahari Game Reserve | Central Kalahari Game Reserve
…distinct, the G/wi of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve can be considered an example of the traditional San hunter-gatherer way of life.
The Central Kalahari Game Reserve, the largest of Botswana’s wildlife reserves, is inhabited by San (Bushmen) and has black-backed jackals, elephants, f... |
885d65f5d7332a7b2a1c6c620a549c59 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Maryland | Central Maryland | Central Maryland
Central Maryland comprises the city of Baltimore and five counties. Four of the counties contain most of Baltimore’s suburbs; the fifth is Montgomery, on the northwestern edge of Washington, D.C. Only about one-sixth of Marylanders live outside metropolitan areas. Central Maryland is one long, contiguo... |
9f471995f2098c76975d276bd1424c00 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Museum-of-Indonesian-Culture | Central Museum of Indonesian Culture | Central Museum of Indonesian Culture
…1778, eventually to become the Central Museum of Indonesian Culture and finally part of the National Museum. The origins of the Indian Museum in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) were similar, based on the collections of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, which commenced in 1784. In South Am... |
5ed9595bb047dabd32629bb519685ea7 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Museum-of-the-Revolution | Central Museum of the Revolution | Central Museum of the Revolution
Petersburg); after 1924 the Central Museum of the Revolution in Moscow became the focal point for these collections. Another type was the memorial museum housing the personal effects of well-known figures. Sometimes, as with the Central Lenin Museum in Moscow (1936–93), they were means ... |
4cde32e1aa66653d95524e178c5393b3 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Music-Hall | Central Music Hall | Central Music Hall
…an independent architect Adler designed Central Music Hall in Chicago (1879), which was the prototype of theatres later designed by the firm of Adler and Sullivan. Adler was a consultant on acoustics and in his later years was a writer on the technical and legal aspects of architecture.
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513a77d7ba0561fa9ea91fd30548a8aa | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-National-Herbarium-of-the-Botanical-Survey-of-India | Central National Herbarium of the Botanical Survey of India | Central National Herbarium of the Botanical Survey of India
…plant specimens eventually became the Central National Herbarium of the Botanical Survey of India, which comprises 2.5 million items. Over the years attractive display gardens for the public have been developed and many kinds of plants have been cultivated fo... |
35852ead010b434654454b2e2bbc8ca4 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Netherlands-Urban-Ring | Central Netherlands Urban Ring | Central Netherlands Urban Ring
…Eindhoven), thus forming the so-called Central Netherlands Urban Ring. Other urban centres are Groningen in the northeast, Enschede and Hengelo in the east, and Maastricht and Heerlen in the southeast. It is government policy to keep traditional towns and cities separated by strips of ag... |
904fcda225179aea3addb1268ac2a887 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-Region-Plateau | Central Region Plateau | Central Region Plateau
Central Region Plateau, also called Lilongwe Plain, largest continuous tableland in Malaŵi. Its area of 9,000 square miles (23,310 square km) is bordered by the Chimaliro Hills and Viphya Mountains on the north, the Great Rift Valley on the east, the Dwangwa River on the west, and the Kirk and ... |
53499f0720a950ea38144e3fdd69a82e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Central-University-of-Venezuela | Central University of Venezuela | Central University of Venezuela
…state-supported tropical garden occupying a 65-hectare (160-acre) site in Caracas, Venez. The garden has excellent collections of palms, cacti, aroids, bromeliads, pandanuses, and other groups of tropical plants of considerable botanical interest; also important is a large, untouched tr... |
548dfb03ae523b0ca51ecc6fa78d5531 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Centre-Canal | Centre Canal | Centre Canal
The Centre Canal serves the district and has antique canal lifts of archaeological interest. At Mariemont, north of Morlanwelz, the 16th-century castle built by Mary of Hungary, Charles V’s sister, is open to the public.
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076efa374fd5d9db9f151c64d4d48ecd | https://www.britannica.com/place/Centula | Centula | Centula
Some churches, such as Centula (Saint-Riquier, France), which is known only through pictures, had a second choir on the west side. A fairly well-preserved west choir, forerunner of the later Romanesque westwork, is to be found in the church of Corvey, in Germany (873–885). Notable also is the gatehouse…
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0d38612ffb999c203792c3aab2f5d3a6 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cerro-Blanco | Cerro Blanco | Cerro Blanco
Cerro Blanco is a massive platform of conical adobes and stones, supporting rooms with walls bearing Chavín decoration, including eyes and feline fangs, modeled in mud plaster in low relief and painted red and greenish yellow. Punkurí has a low, terraced platform with a wide…
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ed0696ed95881e297d7120b887b2c9b1 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Cerro-Castillo | Cerro Castillo | Cerro Castillo
The Cerro Castillo, summer palace of Chilean presidents, was erected on a coastal bluff. The city is linked by bus and rail with Santiago, the national capital, about 75 miles (120 km) southeast. In the mid-20th century Viña del Mar grew rapidly as a residential suburb…
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f1183c27ad115b69d06ad22f052e9b7f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Ceuta | Ceuta | Ceuta
Ceuta, Spanish exclave, military post, and free port on the coast of Morocco, at the Mediterranean entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar. Ceuta is an autonomous city administered by Spain. Ceuta, Melilla (also an exclave), and other tiny islets along the coast of North Africa constitute the territories of Spanish ... |
306827d38812d3100702d228892fd11f | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chad/Economy | Economy of Chad | Economy of Chad
Cotton is one of Chad’s important agricultural products. Although it is basically an export crop, the processing of raw cotton provides employment for a majority of those in industry and accounts for some of Chad’s export earnings. Most of the cotton fibre ginned in Chad’s processing plants is exported ... |
d88719274437bdd63ce0b9d76ed93811 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chad/History | History of Chad | History of Chad
The region of the eastern Sahara and Sudan from Fezzan, Bilma, and Chad in the west to the Nile valley in the east was well peopled in Neolithic times, as discovered sites attest. Probably typical of the earliest populations were the dark-skinned cave dwellers described by Herodotus as inhabiting the co... |
91e4e40a7bb2bdf39a93760347440dec | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chagres-River | Chagres River | Chagres River
Chagres River, Spanish Río Chagres, stream in Panama forming part of the Panama Canal system. It rises in the Cordillera de San Blas, flows south-southwest, and broadens to form Madden Lake (22 square miles [57 square km]) at Madden Dam, which was built in 1935 for navigation, flood control, and hydroele... |
43b8c5fc79bd7825e76e7ba88534348e | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chaillu-Massif?anchor=ref215424 | Chaillu Massif | Chaillu Massif
Chaillu Massif, mountain range in south-central Gabon, which rises to more than 3,300 feet (1,000 m) between the Ngounié and the Ogooué rivers and forms the country’s main watershed. The range contains Mount Milondo (3,346 feet [1,020 m]), which is 53 miles (85 km) southwest of Koula-Moutou. Other high ... |
73a3c4bb7b3c9304da68db5c3ef3960d | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chalatenango | Chalatenango | Chalatenango
Chalatenango, city, northern El Salvador. It lies along the Tamulasco and Cholco rivers at an elevation of 1,660 feet (506 metres). Originally an Indian settlement, it was placed under the Spanish colonial governor Carardalet in 1791 and was declared a town in 1847 and a city in 1871. The city’s annual ag... |
7324536227f53a4f9dd92dd84a299811 | https://www.britannica.com/place/Chambly | Chambly | Chambly
Chambly, city, Montérégie region, southern Quebec province, Canada. The city lies along the Chambly Basin—a widening of the Richelieu River. Its site, 14 miles (23 km) east of Montreal city, was first occupied by Fort-Chambly, a wooden stockade built in 1665 by Captain Jacques de Chambly, a French army officer... |
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