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dd460cb054bffbf8843c65bdcf4908e8	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brookings-now/2021/03/05/charts-of-the-week-overdraft-fees-stagnant-us-child-population-growth-federal-climate-planning/	Charts of the Week: Overdraft fees; stagnant US child population growth; federal climate planning	Charts of the Week: Overdraft fees; stagnant US child population growth; federal climate planning In this Charts of the Week edition, a look at how some banks rely heavily on overdraft fees for profits, the demographic issues around a growing aging U.S. population with a stagnant younger population, and how a new clima...
b4e3244ac5ac7b89ffbadae6ff6d90cd	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brookings-now/2021/03/12/charts-of-the-week-rising-federal-climate-costs-carbon-emissions-in-africa-covid-19-in-trump-vs-biden-counties/	Charts of the Week: Rising federal climate costs; carbon emissions in Africa; COVID-19 in Trump vs. Biden counties	Charts of the Week: Rising federal climate costs; carbon emissions in Africa; COVID-19 in Trump vs. Biden counties This week’s edition of Charts of the Week offers data on expected rising federal expenditures due to climate change; rising carbon emissions among African nations; and COVID-19’s prevalence in counties tha...
60d76962a2dd09748c43009bcf052161	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brookings-now/2021/03/19/charts-of-the-week-infrastructure-jobs-southeast-asian-economies-post-pandemic-amazon-workers-unionization-battle/	Charts of the Week: Infrastructure jobs; Southeast Asian economies post-pandemic; Amazon workers’ unionization battle	Charts of the Week: Infrastructure jobs; Southeast Asian economies post-pandemic; Amazon workers’ unionization battle In this edition of Charts of the Week: how federal infrastructure investment can put America back to work; Southeast Asian nations’ fiscal response to COVID-19; and the unionization battle for Amazon wa...
b0f9ba81451bf672d43cba23379cca0a	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2015/07/28/analyzing-trends-in-pell-grant-recipients-and-expenditures/	Analyzing trends in Pell Grant recipients and expenditures	Analyzing trends in Pell Grant recipients and expenditures The U.S. Department of Education recently released its annual report on the federal Pell Grant program, which provides detailed information about the program’s finances and who is receiving grants. The most recent report includes data from the 2013-14 academic ...
7436fbd1b82453f4d00c79c34c6e1778	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2015/08/25/who-would-use-income-share-agreements-to-pay-for-college/	Who would use income share agreements to pay for college?	Who would use income share agreements to pay for college? In response to concerns over the rising price of college and increasing amounts of student loan debt, the Obama Administration has worked to expand income-based repayment programs for those with federal student loans. In late 2015 or early 2016, the U.S. Departm...
76127ff4e9e8110cbfb2635a1c21d9ae	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2015/10/01/no-the-sky-is-not-falling-interpreting-the-latest-sat-scores/	No, the sky is not falling: Interpreting the latest SAT scores	No, the sky is not falling: Interpreting the latest SAT scores Earlier this month, the College Board released SAT scores for the high school graduating class of 2015. Both math and reading scores declined from 2014, continuing a steady downward trend that has been in place for the past decade. Pundits of contrasting po...
bf4237cc9a32e79f2aab730675ea40eb	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2015/12/08/esea-reauthorization-continues-a-long-federal-retreat-from-american-classrooms/	ESEA reauthorization continues a long federal retreat from American classrooms	ESEA reauthorization continues a long federal retreat from American classrooms Although many groups have lauded the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) because it abolishes the “hated No Child Left Behind” (NCLB), ESSA is less a “repeal” than another step in the federal retreat from the classroom and a testament to the c...
221c4b09cb762c56a215255ffb0f0c6b	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2015/12/16/this-holiday-season-nudge-like-the-private-sector-taught-you/	This holiday season, nudge like the private sector taught you	This holiday season, nudge like the private sector taught you This time of year, one can’t help but be amazed by the sheer psychological muscle the private sector flexes to shape our holiday purchasing. Take the new Walmart ad, which starts with kids holding up their favorite items from the store aisles, talking with b...
221214067c382ab09a2944dab942e18b	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/03/14/creativity-and-learning-for-the-conceptual-age/?shared=email&msg=fail	Creativity and learning for the Conceptual Age	Creativity and learning for the Conceptual Age What is the role of education in in the age of disruptive innovation? According to a new report by researchers at the University of Oxford, 57 percent of jobs in OECD countries are now susceptible to significant automation (with this number rising to 69 percent in India an...
4d9d7d07149c6997bfccce06e2d18f7d	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/03/18/idea-to-retire-technology-alone-can-improve-student-learning-2/	Idea to retire: Technology alone can improve student learning	Idea to retire: Technology alone can improve student learning Nearly every aspect of the world is being transformed by digital tools. Over Thanksgiving weekend in 2015, more people shopped online than braved the aisles of brick and mortar stores fighting for highly discounted items. Globally, there are 2.6 billion act...
6dee388fe2d9286573df8e0b7afb8ecc	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/03/23/understanding-financial-responsibility-scores-for-private-colleges/	Understanding financial responsibility scores for private colleges	Understanding financial responsibility scores for private colleges The stories of financially struggling private colleges, both nonprofit and for-profit, have been told in many news articles. Small private nonprofit colleges are increasing tuition discount rates in an effort to attract a shrinking pool of traditional-a...
80b0fcd24a54e9d9a0c44fc8e217049f	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/04/13/personalized-learning-is-a-useful-tool-not-a-panacea/	Personalized learning is a useful tool, not a panacea	Personalized learning is a useful tool, not a panacea The buzz about personalized learning as a strategy for improving education systems seems to grow by the day. Recently, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg announced they were donating their shares in Facebook (worth an estimated $45 billion) to support personalized l...
2dc7a4c404886f068cc99dadfbc2be93	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/05/02/a-alfred-taubman-forum-on-public-policy-examines-25-years-of-charter-schools-in-america/	A. Alfred Taubman Forum on Public Policy examines 25 years of charter schools in America	A. Alfred Taubman Forum on Public Policy examines 25 years of charter schools in America On April 26, the Brown Center on Education Policy hosted the seventh annual A. Alfred Taubman Forum on Public Policy. During the forum, education experts and practitioners from various perspectives explored the role, effectiveness,...
33551e7de33297ef4a40235f32d1e6ee	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/06/15/are-school-internet-connections-fast-enough-to-support-personalized-learning/	Are school internet connections fast enough to support personalized learning?	Are school internet connections fast enough to support personalized learning? Education technologies like personalized learning have tremendous potential to help students learn. To maximize the value of personalized learning, the public and private sectors must increase their investments in training, infrastructure, ha...
22e5b8479251e1832dfc1e288b082797	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/07/13/why-busing-was-a-fake-issue/	Why ‘busing’ was a fake issue	Why ‘busing’ was a fake issue In his first major speech as U.S. Secretary of Education, John King encouraged school districts to take steps towards class-based integration. “Research shows that one of the best things we can do for all children—black or white, rich or poor—is give them a chance to attend strong, socioe...
da6af596503960cac73548434fde8206	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/08/03/familiar-fissures-evident-in-essa-implementation-debate/	Familiar fissures evident in ESSA implementation debate	Familiar fissures evident in ESSA implementation debate When President Obama signed the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) in December 2015, the law was hailed as a bipartisan achievement and a dramatic improvement over the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). In particular, Republicans and Democrats alike lauded th...
8565acca382449c57759af033c2ea9a5	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/08/11/turning-around-struggling-schools-is-not-easy-but-can-be-taught/	Turning around struggling schools is not easy but can be taught	Turning around struggling schools is not easy but can be taught When Alison Harris Welcher became principal of Ranson I.B. Middle School in Charlotte, NC, it was one of the lowest-performing schools in the district. “We had teenagers who couldn’t read,” Welcher recently explained in testimony before the U.S. Senate. “T...
b6bead9910515c041fd5f73f2bd749b3	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/08/31/making-better-use-of-data-on-free-school-lunches/	Making better use of data on free school lunches	Making better use of data on free school lunches Feeding hungry children is the primary purpose of America’s free (or reduced price) lunch program. Just over half of public school students are eligible for the program, ranging from nearly three-quarters of Mississippi students to just over one-quarter of students in Ne...
91462df4d6639ccb85b02afc0d15fd12	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2016/11/22/an-education-thanksgiving/?utm_campaign=Brookings+Brief&utm_source=hs_email&utm_medium=email&utm_content=38099427	An education thanksgiving	An education thanksgiving This time of year we ought to reflect on the things that are so right in American education. News stories—and, yes, blog posts—tend to focus on the negative: what’s gone wrong and what needs to be fixed. While working for the better is the American way, it’s also important to recognize that wh...
6ba985238aa9cf6062accc8c56f03681	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/01/19/sparring-over-growth-and-proficiency-measures-in-devoss-confirmation-hearing/	Sparring over growth and proficiency measures in DeVos’s confirmation hearing	Sparring over growth and proficiency measures in DeVos’s confirmation hearing One of the more contentious exchanges during Tuesday night’s confirmation hearing for Betsy DeVos, Donald Trump’s pick for education secretary, began with what seemed like an innocuous, if clumsily worded, request from Sen. Al Franken (D-Minn...
9511fa64dcd67e3ce782d8919d8b5c75	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/05/03/how-the-quality-of-school-lunch-affects-students-academic-performance/?utm_campaign=Brookings%20Brief&utm_source=hs_email&utm_medium=email&utm_content=51504487	How the quality of school lunch affects students’ academic performance	How the quality of school lunch affects students’ academic performance In 2010, President Barack Obama signed the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. The main goal of the law was to raise the minimum nutritional standards for public school lunches served as part of the National School Lunch Program. The policy discussion su...
a96aafc180f616ff1f63dd979a69a7b6	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/06/28/apprenticeship-programs-in-a-changing-economic-world/	Apprenticeship programs in a changing economic world	Apprenticeship programs in a changing economic world The nagging problem of significant numbers of youth leaving school unprepared for career employment has revitalized interest in vocational education, particularly apprenticeships. Support for vocational education comes from people across the political spectrum, from ...
7dd43cf0f9de90fedcf5520b085edfb6	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/07/20/building-better-preschools-but-for-which-kids/	Building better preschools—but for which kids?	Building better preschools—but for which kids? Few policy ideas rival the popularity of spreading preschool about the land. George H. W. Bush created a national child care program in 1990, granting federal support to working-class families not served by Head Start. New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio hopes to extend fre...
9c25901a33cf5c405c8dbc5e3a906082	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/07/27/what-should-we-pay-school-boards-reflecting-on-las-174-percent-raise/	What should we pay school boards? Reflecting on LA’s 174 percent raise	What should we pay school boards? Reflecting on LA’s 174 percent raise This month, Los Angeles local school board members received a 174 percent raise in their salaries, from $45,637 to $125,000 per year. Members who receive a second salary or stipend from another organization will receive $50,000 per year, nearly doub...
f7f02440f7cbb90e9f8c1d021ac26eda	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/08/15/what-emerging-research-says-about-the-promise-of-personalized-learning/	What emerging research says about the promise of personalized learning	What emerging research says about the promise of personalized learning Personalized learning has grown increasingly popular in recent years, encouraged in part by a 2015 RAND study showing large gains from the practice. But newer research has found more modest achievement gains and identified implementation challenges....
240bd53d74a448e0d7b9bea8aa85790e	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/08/25/gender-hostilities-disparities-among-economics-professors-keep-women-from-ascending-ranks/	Gender hostilities, disparities among economics professors keep women from ascending ranks	Gender hostilities, disparities among economics professors keep women from ascending ranks Women receive 57 percent of the bachelor’s degrees in the United States, but only 52 percent of the doctorates. In looking at recent data from the National Center for Education Statistics, we find: Women receive only 23 percent o...
4efa2be20f37a6e70da1a84e15cbcacc	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/11/01/the-education-melting-pot/	The education melting pot?	The education melting pot? While education is largely oriented toward teaching reading, writing, and arithmetic—and other academic subjects—we also hope that schools warm our melting pot by bringing together members of different racial and ethnic groups. Though having students of differing backgrounds attend school tog...
f243f8b0ba282f63a09b5921a8ead65c	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/11/16/american-students-need-to-be-able-to-dream-big/	American students need to be able to dream big	American students need to be able to dream big “Don’t dream too big.” This was a subtle and overt message sent to students of color in the America of our childhood. Decades later, has it really changed? Our shared experience as low-income students of color struggling for equality a mere 40 or 50 years ago is just as re...
31d0163d5f61648b225196bc5f3a35c1	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2017/11/20/discipline-disparities-and-discrimination-in-schools/	Discipline disparities and discrimination in schools	Discipline disparities and discrimination in schools In the United States, black and poor students are suspended at much higher rates than their white and non-poor peers. This point is essentially undisputed, due in large part to data that the U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights has compiled and made...
412591a8bef4879b212b11f480b2bc32	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/01/11/new-survey-of-minorities-adds-dissenting-view-to-public-satisfaction-with-schools/	New survey of minorities adds dissenting view to public satisfaction with schools	New survey of minorities adds dissenting view to public satisfaction with schools How do members of racial minority groups view public education in the U.S.? This question is important, given both the widely recognized achievement gap between white students and students of color, as well as systematic differences in pu...
ce95f2396f611ddfb114b39d12f274d5	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/02/20/comparing-what-parents-and-the-public-and-democrats-and-republicans-want-from-schools/?shared=email&msg=fail	Comparing what parents and the public—and Democrats and Republicans—want from schools	Comparing what parents and the public—and Democrats and Republicans—want from schools School choice, as a type of market reform, makes schools more directly accountable to parents by tying funding to enrollment. Schools need to attract families to remain open, so their survival depends on being responsive to families’ ...
a4c8bc983bf916021af7eb2814a95634	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/03/07/a-time-for-school-choice-if-so-lets-make-sure-we-ask-the-right-questions/	A time for school choice? If so, let’s make sure we ask the right questions	A time for school choice? If so, let’s make sure we ask the right questions Will we have public schools a decade from now? What will they look like? For the first time since the 19th century, or perhaps since debates over desegregation, we are facing these fundamental questions. A recent article argued that the Koch br...
9fe07fd1923c1a58442dec6be9305559	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/06/29/one-charter-school-networks-positive-impact-on-registration-and-voting/	One charter school network’s positive impact on registration and voting	One charter school network’s positive impact on registration and voting As the latest Brown Center Report on American Education usefully reminds us, the original purpose of public education was to prepare students for citizenship. Horace Mann and the other early supporters of universal public education believed it to b...
26ef535523cb1bdf6c6159a4716f3099	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/07/10/how-gender-diversity-among-the-teacher-workforce-affects-student-learning/	How gender diversity among the teacher workforce affects student learning	How gender diversity among the teacher workforce affects student learning Our ongoing teacher diversity series has, to this point, focused on the underrepresentation of racial and ethnic groups among the public teacher workforce in America. As best we can tell, the lack of teacher diversity is associated with an assort...
77ff2087e0c83a2d6416f2bcd12652e3	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/10/24/how-many-humanities-ph-d-s-should-universities-produce/	How many humanities Ph.D.s should universities produce?	How many humanities Ph.D.s should universities produce? If you have been anywhere near a university that trains doctoral students in the humanities, you will know that the market for new Ph.D.s is abysmal. The plain fact is that we train far more humanities Ph.D.s than there are jobs for. In a recent year, the American...
e17df9e17aed314154f4744046dc9fc7	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2018/12/21/school-safety-commissions-report-uses-tenuous-logic-to-walk-back-guidance-on-school-discipline/	School Safety Commission’s report uses tenuous logic to walk back guidance on school discipline	School Safety Commission’s report uses tenuous logic to walk back guidance on school discipline On Tuesday, the Federal Commission on School Safety released its report on how to prevent, mitigate, and recover from acts of violence in schools. President Trump established the commission in March, following the horrific s...
2e1a3ac0732512601e00656f926c0578	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2019/02/15/chicagos-mayor-sees-through-the-fog-on-school-autonomy/	Chicago’s mayor sees through the fog on school autonomy	Chicago’s mayor sees through the fog on school autonomy In politics, there is nothing like a hard knock to focus the mind. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel tells how this happened for him. In The Atlantic, Emanuel describes himself as once a believer in teacher-focused reforms, particularly test-based accountability. But in ...
9a9584600ecb26cf8f94537f74730fa9	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2019/04/29/teacher-turnover-and-the-disruption-of-teacher-staffing/	Teacher turnover and the disruption of teacher staffing	Teacher turnover and the disruption of teacher staffing Much has recently been written about the growing problem of teacher shortages. While such shortages may sometimes result from, or lead to, high rates of teacher turnover at the school level, turnover—defined as the yearly rate of departure of teachers from a schoo...
26d8aa5f7b28ce186c8b54a9e1a86d05	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2019/05/20/leveraging-the-student-teaching-experience-to-train-tomorrows-great-teachers/	Leveraging the student-teaching experience to train tomorrow’s great teachers	Leveraging the student-teaching experience to train tomorrow’s great teachers The precise amount spent on teacher education is difficult to quantify, but one estimate suggests that the aggregate annual investment in the development of teacher candidates—i.e., an investment before individuals are even hired as teachers—...
6a906f6e62d394062b9976c18a53dc95	https://www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/2019/06/03/8-reasons-why-education-may-be-pivotal-in-the-2020-election-and-beyond/	8 reasons why education may be pivotal in the 2020 election (and beyond)	8 reasons why education may be pivotal in the 2020 election (and beyond) Among politicos, education is not usually considered a top-tier issue in presidential elections. The issue tends to get overshadowed by other issues where the president is the obvious leader and decisionmaker—defense, security, climate change, hea...