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608,419
Identification of produced powerful radicals involved in the mineralization of bisphenol A using a novel UV-Na2S2O8/H2O2-Fe(II,III) two-stage oxidation process
Huang, YF; Huang, YH
2,009
A two-stage oxidation (UV-Na(2)S(2)O(8)/H(2)O(2)-Fe(II,III)) process was applied to mineralize bisphenol A (BPA) at pH(i) (initial pH) 7. We take advantage of the high oxidation potential of sulfate radicals and use persulfate as the 1st-stage oxidant to oxidize BPA to less complex compounds (stoichiometric ratio: [S(2...
0
199,318
Assessment of ozone effects on local rice cultivar by portable ozone fumigation system in Hanoi, Vietnam
Van, DTH; Ishii, S; Oanh, NTK
2,009
This study examined the effects of troposphere ozone (O-3) on rice by developing a portable ozone fumigation system and applied to the field in Hanoi, Vietnam. The system was nearly identical to the open top chamber but designed to easily and cheaply assess the O-3 sensitivity of local agricultural crops in the actual ...
0
694,850
High concentration of surface ozone observed along the Khumbu Valley Nepal April 2007
Moore, GWK; Semple, JL
2,009
Increasing air pollution in Southeast Asia has the potential for dramatic impacts on the population and climate in relatively pristine regions such as the Himalaya. Recent measurements near Mount Everest indicate the presence of elevated levels of ozone at elevations from 5000m to 9000m that are the result of both the ...
0
196,719
Total serum IgE levels are associated with ambient ozone concentration in asthmatic adults
Rage, E; Jacquemin, B; Nadif, R; Oryszczyn, MP; Siroux, V; Aguilera, I; Kauffmann, F; Kunzli, N
2,009
BACKGROUND: Effects of air pollution exposure on IgE-mediated response in asthmatics are poorly investigated. The aim was to examine the relationship between air pollution concentrations and total IgE levels in adult asthmatics. METHODS: The present study relates to the 369 asthmatic adults from the French Epidemiologi...
1
191,649
RNAi-mediated suppression of isoprene biosynthesis in hybrid poplar impacts ozone tolerance
Behnke, K; Kleist, E; Uerlings, R; Wildt, J; Rennenberg, H; Schnitzler, JP
2,009
Isoprene is the most abundant volatile compound emitted by vegetation. It influences air chemistry and is thought to take part in plant defense reactions against abiotic stress such as high temperature or ozone. However, whether or not isoprene emission impacts ozone tolerance of plants is still in discussion. In this ...
0
195,680
Genetic susceptibility to the respiratory effects of air pollution
Yang, IA; Fong, KM; Zimmerman, PV; Holgate, ST; Holloway, JW
2,009
There is large variation between individuals in their response to air pollutants. This review summarises the existing evidence that genetic factors influence the mechanisms of lung injury caused by air pollutants. Genetic association studies have compared the adverse effects of air pollutants between subjects with spec...
0
196,974
Vegetation exposure to ozone over the continental United States: Assessment of exposure indices by the Eta-CMAQ air quality forecast model
Tong, DQ; Mathur, R; Kang, D; Yu, S; Schere, KL; Pouliot, G
2,009
The main use of air quality forecast (AQF) models is to predict ozone (O-3) exceeclances of the primary O-3 standard for informing the public of potential health concerns. This study presents the first evaluation of the performance of the Eta-CMAQ air quality forecast model to predict a variety of widely used seasonal ...
0
596,146
Ozone exposure of field-grown winter wheat affects soil mesofauna in the rhizosphere
Schrader, S; Bender, J; Weigel, HJ
2,009
A 2-year open-top chamber experiment with field-grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Astron) was conducted to examine the effects of ozone on plant growth and selected groups of soil mesofauna in the rhizosphere. From May through June in each year, plants were exposed to two levels Of O-3: non-filtered (NF) amb...
0
588,752
Controls over ozone deposition to a high elevation subalpine forest
Turnipseed, AA; Burns, SP; Moore, DJP; Hu, J; Guenther, AB; Monson, RK
2,009
Ecosystem level ozone (O3) fluxes during four different years were examined at a subalpine forest site in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. The local mountain-valley wind system and the proximity of the Denver Metropolitan area leads to high summertime ozone episodes on many afternoons. The timing between these episodes an...
1
191,637
Repair and tolerance of oxidative DNA damage in plants
Roldan-Arjona, T; Ariza, RR
2,009
DNA damage caused by exposure to reactive oxygen species is one of the primary causes of DNA decay in most organisms. In plants, endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated not only by respiration and photosynthesis, but also by active responses to certain environmental challenges, such as pathogen attack. S...
0
191,390
Evaluation of physiological, growth and yield responses of a tropical oil crop (Brassica campestris L. var. Kranti) under ambient ozone pollution at varying NPK levels
Singh, P; Agrawal, M; Agrawal, SB
2,009
A field study was conducted to evaluate the impact of ambient ozone on mustard (Brassica campestris L var. Kranti) plants grown under recommended and 1.5 times recommended NPK doses at a rural site of India using filtered (FCs) and non-filtered open top chambers (NFCs). Ambient mean O-3 concentration varied from 41.65 ...
0
512,784
Chemical speciation in mining affected waters: The case study of Asarel-Medet mine
Rabadjieva, D; Tepavitcharova, S; Todorov, T; Dassenakis, M; Paraskevopoulou, V; Petrov, M
2,009
The inorganic chemical species in Maresh and Luda Yana rivers affected by the Cu-Mo Asarel-Medet mine, Bulgaria were determined during a low-flow and a high-flow period. The mining activities, the weathering and the oxidation processes strongly influenced the physicochemical processes in the whole water system. The mai...
0
694,604
National Urban Database and Access Portal Tool
Ching, J; Brown, M; Burian, S; Chen, F; Cionco, R; Hanna, A; Hultgren, T; Mcpherson, T; Sailor, D; Taha, H; Williams, D
2,009
Based on the need for advanced treatments of high-resolution urban morphological features (e. g., buildings and trees) in meteorological, dispersion, air quality, and human-exposure modeling systems for future urban applications, a new project was launched called the National Urban Database and Access Portal Tool (NUDA...
0
595,111
Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
Dupuy, E; Walker, KA; Kar, J; Boone, CD; Mcelroy, CT; Bernath, PF; Drummond, , JR; Skelton, R; Mcleod, SD; Hughes, RC; Nowlan, CR; Dufour, DG; Zou, J; Nichitiu, F; Strong, K; Baron, P; Bevilacqua, RM; Blumenstock, T; Bodeker, GE; Borsdorff, T; Bourassa, AE; Bovensmann, H; Boyd, IS; Bracher, A; Brogniez, C; Burrows, JP;...
2,009
This paper presents extensive {bias determination} analyses of ozone observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) satellite instruments: the ACE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and the Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation (ACE-MAESTRO) i...
0
694,551
Effects of air pollution on the incidence of myocardial infarction
Bhaskaran, K; Hajat, S; Haines, A; Herrett, E; Wilkinson, P; Smeeth, L
2,009
Context: Short-term fluctuations in air pollution have been associated with changes in both overall and cardiovascular mortality. Objective: To consider the effects of air pollution on myocardial infarction (MI) risk by systematically reviewing studies looking at this specific outcome. Data sources: Medline, Embase and...
0
601,659
Spatiotemporal modelling of ozone distribution in the State of California
Bogaert, P; Christakos, G; Jerrett, M; Yu, HL
2,009
This paper is concerned with the spatiotemporal mapping of monthly 8-h average ozone (O-3) concentrations over California during a 15-years period. The basic methodology of our analysis is based on the spatiotemporal random field (S/TRF) theory. We use a S/TRF decomposition model with a dominant seasonal O-3 component ...
0
199,793
Exposure-plant response of ambient ozone over the tropical Indian region
Roy, SD; Beig, G; Ghude, SD
2,009
A high resolution regional chemistry-transport model has been used to study the distribution of exposure-plant response index (AOT40, Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb, expressed as ppb h) over the Indian geographical region for the year 2003 as case study. The directives on ozone pollution in ambient air...
0
199,815
Interactive effects of simultaneous ozone and fluoranthene fumigation on the eco-physiological status of the evergreen conifer, Japanese red pine (pinus densiflora sieb et. Zucc.)
Oguntimehin, I; Sakugawa, H
2,009
Forest decline has long been attributed to air pollution and acid rain/fog, with ozone having a record for damaging trees. This study investigated eco-physiological changes on Japanese red pine caused by simultaneous fumigation of O3 (O) and fluoranthene (F) over a 90 day period. Seedlings were exposed individually or ...
0
596,744
Atmospheric composition change: Ecosystems-atmosphere interactions
Fowler, D; Pilegaard, K; Sutton, MA; Ambus, P; Raivonen, M; Duyzer, J; Simpson, D; Fagerli, H; Fuzzi, S; Schjoerring, JK; Granier, C; Neftel, A; Isaksen, ISA; Laj, P; Maione, M; Monks, PS; Burkhardt, J; Daemmgen, U; Neirynck, J; Personne, E; Wichink-Kruit, R; Butterbach-Bahl, K; Flechard, C; Tuovinen, JP; Coyle, M; Ger...
2,009
"Ecosystems and the atmosphere: This review describes the state of understanding the processes involved in the exchange of trace gases and aerosols between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. The gases covered include NO, NO2, HONO, HNO3, NH3, SO2, DMS, Biogenic VOC, O-3, CH4, N2O and particles in the size range 1 ...
0
651,833
Sensitivity to ultraviolet B is a risk factor for cutaneous melanoma in a Mediterranean population: Results from an Italian case-control study
Chiarugi, A; Ceroti, M; Palli, D; Cevenini, G; Guarrera, M; Carli, P
2,009
BACKGROUND: Sun sensitivity is one of the predictors of melanoma risk, together with other individual characteristics such as skin and eye colour and number of naevi. However, it is unclear how best to measure sun sensitivity in order to quantify the individual risk of melanoma. OBJECTIVES: In this case-control study, ...
0
595,136
Improved measurement of ozone and carbonyls using a dual-bed sampling cartridge containing trans-1,2-bis(2-pyridyl)ethylene and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-impregnated silica
Uchiyama, S; Naito, S; Matsumoto, M; Inaba, Y; Kunugita, N
2,009
We have previously developed a new method using trans-1,2-bis-(4-pyridyl)ethylene (4-BPE) and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) for the simultaneous determination of ozone and carbonyls in air using a two-bed cartridge system. In this method, 4-BPE was used to capture ozone. However, the method suffered from long react...
0
195,635
Nutritional traits of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds from plants chronically exposed to ozone pollution
Iriti, M; Di Maro, A; Bernasconi, S; Burlini, N; Simonetti, P; Picchi, V; Panigada, C; Gerosa, G; Parente, A; Faoro, F
2,009
The effect of chronic exposure to ozone pollution on nutritional traits of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Borlotto Nano Lingua di Fuoco) seeds from plants grown in filtered and nonfiltered open-top chambers (OTCs) has been investigated. Results showed that, among seed macronutrients, ozone significantly raised total l...
1
193,783
Effects of ambient air pollution on hemostasis and inflammation
Rudez, G; Janssen, NA; Kilinc, E; Leebeek, FW; Gerlofs-Nijland, ME; Spronk, HM; ten Cate, H; Cassee, FR; de Maat, MP
2,009
BACKGROUND: Air pollution has consistently been associated with increased morbidity and mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Underlying biological mechanisms are not entirely clear, and hemostasis and inflammation are suggested to be involved. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to study the association of th...
1
199,279
Photochemical production of aerosols from real plant emissions
Mentel, TF; Wildt, J; Kiendler-Scharr, A; Kleist, E; Tillmann, R; Dal Maso, M; Fisseha, R; Hohaus, T; Spahn, H; Uerlings, R; Wegener, R; Griffiths, PT; Dinar, E; Rudich, Y; Wahner, A
2,009
Emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) which on oxidation form secondary organic aerosols (SOA) can couple the vegetation with the atmosphere and climate. Particle formation from tree emissions was investigated in a new setup: a plant chamber coupled to a reaction chamber for oxidizing the plant emission...
0
694,861
Are environmental pollutants risk factors for low birth weight?
Nascimento, LFC; Moreira, DA
2,009
The aim of this study was to assess the association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and low birth weight in a medium-sized city. An ecological study was performed, using live birth data from Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The environmental data were obtained from the Sao Paul State Environmen...
0
1,604,181
Sulfur processing in the marine atmospheric boundary layer: A review and critical assessment of modeling uncertainties
Faloona, Ian
2,009
Sulfur is an extremely motile and vital element in the Earth's biogeochemical environment, one whose active redox chemistry maintains small reservoirs in the atmosphere and biosphere yet large fluxes through both. Essential for life, intimately linked to the climate state, and an important component of air quality, sul...
0
468,079
Nitrogen dioxide and ozone as factors in the availability of lead from lead-based paints
Edwards, RD; Lam, NL; Zhang, L; Johnson, MA; Kleinman, MT
2,009
Lead-based paint remains a pervasive problem in U.S. cities, and an increasing problem in the developing world where it is still manufactured and used. Lite attention has focused on the factors that increase the release of lead pigment granules from painted surfaces. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O-3) from transpor...
0
596,644
Roles of arginase variants, atopy, and ozone in childhood asthma
Salam, MT; Islam, T; Gauderman, WJ; Gilliland, FD
2,009
Background: Arginases (encoded by ARG1 and ARG2 genes) might play an important role in asthma pathogenesis through effects on nitrosative stress. Arginase expression is upregulated in asthma and varies with TH2 cytokine levels and oxidative stress. Objective:We aimed to examine whether variants in these genes are assoc...
1
596,208
Air pollution policies in Europe: Efficiency gains from integrating climate effects with damage costs to health and crops
Tollefsen, P; Rypdal, K; Torvanger, A; Rive, N
2,009
Emissions of air pollutants cause damage to health and crops, but several air pollutants also have an effect on climate through radiative forcing. We investigate efficiency gains achieved by integrating climate impacts of air pollutants into air quality strategies for the EU region. The pollutants included in this stud...
0
199,446
Visible foliar injury and infrared imaging show that daylength affects short-term recovery after ozone stress in Trifolium subterraneum
Vollsnes, AV; Eriksen, AB; Otterholt, E; Kvaal, K; Oxaal, U; Futsaether, CM
2,009
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant affecting plants worldwide. Plants in northern regions can display more ozone injury than plants at lower latitudes despite lower ozone levels. Larger ozone influx and shorter nights have been suggested as possible causes. However, the effects of the dim light present during ...
0
363,762
Aerosol dynamics and health: strategies to reduce exposure and harm
Rupp, G
2,009
The term 'air pollution' is used to describe the presence of chemicals or materials in the atmosphere that produce poor air quality. Air pollutants may be classified into four principal categories which include anthropogenic (man-made; e.g. combustion products), biogenic (biological; e.g. pollen, allergens), technogeni...
0
191,462
Improper excess light energy dissipation in Arabidopsis results in a metabolic reprogramming
Frenkel, M; Kulheim, C; Jankanpaaa, HJ; Skogstrom, O; Dall'Osto, L; Agren, J; Bassi, R; Moritz, T; Moen, J; Jansson, S
2,009
Background: Plant performance is affected by the level of expression of PsbS, a key photoprotective protein involved in the process of feedback de-excitation (FDE), or the qE component of non-photochemical quenching, NPQ. Results: In studies presented here, under constant laboratory conditions the metabolite profiles o...
0
694,802
Extreme high temperatures and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases
Lin, S; Luo, M; Walker, RJ; Liu, X; Hwang, SA; Chinery, R
2,009
Background: Although the association of high temperatures with mortality is well-documented, the association with morbidity has seldom been examined. We assessed the potential impact of hot weather on hospital admissions due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in New York City. We also explored whether the weath...
0
191,533
Nitric oxide modulates ozone-induced cell death, hormone biosynthesis and gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
Ahlfors, R; Brosche, M; Kollist, H; Kangasjarvi, J
2,009
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the activation of various stress responses in plants. We have used ozone (O-3) as a tool to elicit ROS-activated stress responses, and to activate cell death in plant leaves. Here, we have investigated the roles and interactions of ROS and NO ...
1
694,640
[Prolonged exposure to atmospheric air pollution and mortality from respiratory causes.]
Eilstein, D
2,009
Different designs can be used to analyze the relationships between respiratory mortality and long term exposure to atmospheric pollution: epidemiological studies (cohort, prevalence study) demonstrate the reality of the relationship and toxicological studies explain it. Cohort studies have the advantage of being able t...
0
694,559
Forecasting human exposure to atmospheric pollutants in Portugal - A modelling approach
Borrego, C; Sa, E; Monteiro, A; Ferreira, J; Miranda, AI
2,009
Air pollution has become one main environmental concern because of its known impact on human health. Aiming to inform the population about the air they are breathing, several air quality modelling systems have been developed and tested allowing the assessment and forecast of air pollution ambient levels in many countri...
0
595,531
A new parametrization for ambient particle formation over coniferous forests and its potential implications for the future
Bonn, B; Boy, M; Kulmala, M; Groth, A; Trawny, K; Borchert, S; Jacobi, S
2,009
Atmospheric new particle formation is a general phenomenon observed over coniferous forests. So far nucleation is either parameterised as a function of gaseous sulphuric acid concentration only, which is unable to explain the observed seasonality of nucleation events at different measurement sites, or as a function of ...
0
191,360
Effects of ozone on inter- and intra-species competition and photosynthesis in mesocosms of Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens
Hayes, F; Mills, G; Ashmore, M
2,009
Trifolium repens and Lolium perenne were exposed as both monocultures and two-species mixtures to an episodic rural ozone regime in large, well-watered containers within solardomes for 12 weeks. There were reductions in biomass for T repens, but not L perenne, and the proportion of T repens decreased in ozone-exposed m...
1
199,445
The impacts of reactive terpene emissions from plants on air quality in Las Vegas, Nevada
Papiez, MR; Potosnak, MJ; Goliff, WS; Guenther, AB; Matsunaga, SN; Stockwell, WR
2,009
A three-part study was conducted to quantify the impact of landscaped vegetation on air quality in a rapidly expanding urban area in the and southeastern United States. The study combines in situ, plant-level measurements, a spatial emissions inventory, and a photochemical box model, Maximum plant-level basal emission ...
0
525,799
Cold oceans enhance terrestrial new-particle formation in near-coastal forests
Suni, T; Sogacheva, L; Lauros, J; Hakola, H; Back, J; Kurten, T; Cleugh, H; van Gorsel, E; Briggs, P; Sevanto, S; Kulmala, M
2,009
The world's forests produce atmospheric aerosol by emitting volatile organic compounds (VOC) which, after being oxidized in the atmosphere, readily condense on the omnipresent nanometer-sized nuclei and grow them to climatically relevant sizes. The cooling effect of aerosols is the greatest uncertainty in current clima...
0
191,633
Regulated large-scale annual shutdown of Amazonian isoprene emissions?
Barkley, MP; Palmer, PI; De Smedt, I; Karl, T; Guenther, A; Van Roozendael, M
2,009
We perform Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on 12 years of global GOME and SCIAMACHY formaldehyde (HCHO) column observations to determine the most significant spatial and temporal HCHO variations. In most regions, we find that HCHO variability is predominantly driven by seasonal variations of biogenic emiss...
0
196,970
Corrigendum to ``Influence of atmospheric ozone, PM10 and meteorological factors on the concentration of airborne pollen and fungal spore?? [Atmos. Environ. 42 (2008) 7452?7464]
Sousa, SIV; Martins, FG; Pereira, MC; Alvim-Ferraz, MCM; Riberio, H; Oliveria, M; Abreu, I
2,009
null
0
670,881
Prevalence of autism spectrum disorders -- Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, United States, 2006
null
2,009
Problem/Condition: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disabilities characterized by atypical development in socialization, communication, and behavior. ASDs typically are apparent before age 3 years, with associated impairments affecting multiple areas of a person's life. Because no biologic ...
0
191,247
Biochemical markers of tropospheric ozone: Experimentation with test-plants
Borowiak, K; Rucinska-Sobkowiak, R; Rymer, K; Gwozdz, EA; Zbierska, J
2,009
The present study investigated the potential role of selected antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) as biochemical markers of the impact of tropospheric ozone, Experiments were carried out in ambient air conditions with two tobacco cultivars: Bel W3 and Bel B, which are sensitive and resi...
1
199,356
Climate change in Europe. 3. Impact on agriculture and forestry. A review (Reprinted)
Lavalle, C; Micale, F; Houston, TD; Camia, A; Hiederer, R; Lazar, C; Conte, C; Amatulli, G; Genovese, G
2,009
This article reviews major impacts of climate change on agriculture and forestry.
0
202,801
Air pollution, aeroallergens, and emergency room visits for acute respiratory diseases and gastroenteric disorders among young children in six Italian cities
Orazzo, F; Nespoli, L; Ito, K; Tassinari, D; Giardina, D; Funis, M; Cecchi, A; Trapani, C; Forgeschi, G; Vignini, M; Nosetti, L; Pigna, S; Zanobetti, A
2,009
Background: Past studies reported evidence of associations between air pollution and respiratory symptoms and morbidity for children. Few studies examined associations between air pollution and emergency room (ER) visits for wheezing, and even fewer for gastroenteric illness. We conducted a multicity analysis of the re...
1
677,552
RCP Database (version 2.0)
null
2,009
The RCP database aims at documenting the emissions, concentrations, and land-cover change projections of the so-called
1
191,673
Short-term Leaf Responses of Nicotiana tabacum 'Bel-W3' to Ozone under the Environmental Conditions of Sao Paulo, SE - Brazil
de Souza, , SR; Sant'Anna, SMR; Rinaldi, MCS; Domingos, M
2,009
The present study aimed to study if the intensity and precocity of short-term leaf responses of Nicotiana tabacum 'Bel-W3' depended on the daily atmospheric levels of ozone and/or daily meteorological conditions in a State Park located in the city of Sao Paulo, SE Brazil. From 16 September to 14 October 2002, three lot...
0
201,554
Beta-carotene prevents ozone-induced proinflammatory markers in murine skin
Valacchi, G; Pecorelli, A; Mencarelli, M; Maioli, E; Davis, PA
2,009
Beta-carotene has been thought to protect against oxidative stress generated by ultraviolet radiation and thus prevents skin cancer and skin aging (Biesalski and Obermueller-Jevic, 2001). However, nothing is known about its potential effects against other environmental sources of oxidative stress such as ozone (O3) in ...
1
694,823
Healthy Neighborhoods: Walkability and Air Pollution
Marshall, JD; Brauer, M; Frank, LD
2,009
BACKGROUND: The built environment may influence health in part through the promotion of physical activity and exposure to pollution. To date, no studies have explored interactions between neighborhood walkability and air pollution exposure. METHODS: We estimated concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), a marker for direct ...
0
102,168
Improved sapflow methodology reveals considerable night-time ozone uptake by Mediterranean species
Mereu, S; Gerosa, G; Finco, A; Fusaro, L; Muys, B; Manes, F
2,009
Due to the evident tropospheric ozone impact on plant productivity, an accurate ozone risk assessment for the vegetation has become an issue. There is a growing evidence that ozone stomatal uptake may also take place at night and that the night-time uptake may be more damaging than diurnal uptake. Estimation of night-t...
1
625,839
Biomarkers in asthma
Murugan, A; Prys-Picard, C; Calhoun, WJ
2,009
Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to highlight seminal and current literature that informs our understanding of the clinical and investigative utility of biomarkers in asthma. Biomarkers derive from a variety of sources [bronchiolar lavage (BAL), sputum, exhaled breath, and blood], and have widely varian...
1
191,231
Are Bavarian Forests (southern Germany) at risk from ground-level ozone? Assessment using exposure and flux based ozone indices
Baumgarten, M; Huber, C; Buker, P; Emberson, L; Dietrich, HP; Nunn, AJ; Heerdt, C; Beudert, B; Matyssek, R
2,009
Exposure and flux-based indices of O-3 risk were compared, at 19 forest locations across Bavaria in southern Germany from 2002 to 2005; leaf symptoms on mature beech trees found at these locations were also examined for O-3 injury. O-3 flux modelling was performed using continuously recorded O-3 concentrations in combi...
0
785,539
Near-roadway air quality: Synthesizing the findings from real-world data
Karner, AA; Eisinger, DS; Niemeier, DA
2,010
Despite increasing regulatory attention and literature linking roadside air pollution to health outcomes, studies on near roadway air quality have not yet been well synthesized. We employ data collected from 1978 as reported in 41 roadside monitoring studies, encompassing more than 700 air pollutant concentration measu...
1
690,160
Apoptosis induced by ozone and oxysterols in human alveolar epithelial cells
Kosmider, B; Loader, J; Murphy, R; Mason, R
2,010
The mechanism of ozone-induced lung cell injury is poorly understood. One hypothesis is that ozone induces lipid peroxidation and that these peroxidated lipids produce oxidative stress and DNA damage. Oxysterols are lipid peroxides formed by the direct effects of ozone on pulmonary surfactant and cell membranes. We stu...
0
628,062
Variation in echocardiographic and cardiac hemodynamic effects of PM and ozone inhalation exposure in strains related to Nppa and Npr1 gene knock-out mice
Tankersley, CG; Peng, RD; Bedga, D; Gabrielson, K; Champion, HC
2,010
Elevated levels of ambient co-pollutants are associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes shown by epidemiology studies. The role of particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O3) as co-pollutants in this association is unclear. We hypothesize that cardiac function following PM and O3 exposure is variably affected by geneti...
1
699,143
Seasonal pattern of the acute mortality effects of air pollution
Qian, Z; Lin, H; Stewart, W; Kong, L; Xu, F; Zhou, D; Zhu, Z; Liang, S; Chen, W; Shah, N; Stetter, C; He, Q
2,010
Evidence of seasonal variation of acute mortality effects of air pollution is inconsistent. The seasonal patterns of associations between daily mortality and daily mean concentrations of particulate matter 10 microm or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were examined u...
0
625,465
Revisiting a population-dynamic model of air pollution and daily mortality of the elderly in Philadelphia
Murray, CJ; Lipfert, FW
2,010
Epidemiological studies find that elderly, susceptible, and previously impaired individuals are more sensitive to transient air pollution exposures than healthy persons. However, any associated changes in life expectancy remain largely unresolved. Murray and Nelson published a model of daily mortality and air pollution...
0
732,534
Part 1. A time-series study of ambient air pollution and daily mortality in Shanghai, China
Kan, H; Chen, B; Zhao, N; London, SJ; Song, G; Chen, G; Zhang, Y; Jiang, L
2,010
Although the relation between outdoor air pollution and daily mortality has been examined in several Chinese cities, there are still a number of key scientific issues to be addressed concerning the health effects of air pollution in China. Given the changes over the past decade in concentrations and sources of air poll...
0
696,867
A comparison of two stomatal conductance models for ozone flux modelling using data from two Brassica species
Op de Beeck, M; De Bock, M; Vandermeiren, K; de Temmerman, L; Ceulemans, R
2,010
In this study we tested and compared a multiplicative stomatal model and a coupled semi-empirical stomatal-photosynthesis model in their ability to predict stomatal conductance to ozone (gst) using leaf-level data from oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). For oilseed...
0
625,062
Hospital admissions for respiratory conditions in children and outdoor air pollution in Southwest Milan, Italy
Giovannini, M; Sala, M; Riva, E; Radaelli, G
2,010
Aim: To evaluate whether a relationship exists in hospital admissions for respiratory conditions in children with outdoor pollution in the Southwest Milan, Italy. Methods: Daily count of hospital admissions for asthma, upper or lower respiratory diseases (LRD) occurred among children aged ?14 years at the San Paolo Ho...
0
677,665
Effect of ozone on response to ovalbumin & its modulation by vitamins C & E in sensitized guinea pigs
Chhabra, SK; Yasir, A; Chaudhry, K; Shah, B
2,010
Exposure to ozone and asthma are both associated with increased oxidative stress. Exposure to ozone therefore, may potentiate the airway response to allergens. We undertook this study to investigate the effect of ozone exposure on airway response to ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs and its modulation by dietary supp...
1
380,255
Inhibition of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein inhibits ozone-induced airway neutrophilia and inflammation
Damera, G; Jester William, F; Jiang, M; Zhao, H; Fogle Homer, W; Mittelman, M; Haczku, A; Murphy, E; Parikh, I; Panettieri Reynold, A
2,010
ABSTRACT Evidence suggests inhibition of leukocyte trafficking mitigates, in part, ozone-induced inflammation. In the present study, the authors postulated that inhibition of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), an 82-kDa protein with multiple biological roles, could inhibit ozone-induced leukocyte t...
1
625,501
Childhood incident asthma and traffic-related air pollution at home and school
McConnell, R; Islam, T; Shankardass, K; Jerrett, M; Lurmann, F; Gilliland, F; Gauderman, J; Avol, E; Kunzli, N; Yao, L; Peters, J; Berhane, K
2,010
Background: Traffic-related air pollution has been associated with adverse cardio-respiratory effects, including increased asthma prevalence. However, there has been little study of effects of traffic exposure at school on new onset asthma. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship of new onset asthma with traffic-rela...
1
633,874
Use of reactive tracers to determine ambient OH radical concentrations: Application within the indoor environment
White, IR; Martin, D; Mu?oz, MP; Petersson, FK; Henshaw, SJ; Nickless, G; Lloyd-Jones, GC; Clemitshaw, KC; Shallcross, DE
2,010
The hydroxyl radical (OH) plays a key role in determining indoor air quality. However, its highly reactive nature and low concentration indoors impede direct analysis. This paper describes the techniques used to indirectly quantify indoor OH, including the development of a new method based on the instantaneous release ...
1
405,308
Effect of Temperature on NO Release during the Combustion of Coals with Different Ranks
Fan, W; Lin, Z; Li, Y; Li, Y
2,010
It is highly important to study the effect of the actual combustion environment temperature in a boiler on NOx formation and its types during the coal combustion. In this paper, a horizontal high temperature tube furnace system was established. Four typical Chinese coals with different ranks including a lignite c...
0
664,487
High ambient temperature and the risk of preterm delivery
Basu, R; Malig, B; Ostro, B
2,010
With temperatures expected to increase because of climate change, it is essential to study the health outcomes of elevated temperature in vulnerable populations, such as expectant mothers. In this study, the authors estimated the association between heat and humidity, as measured by apparent temperature, and preterm de...
0
647,045
Early events in Populus hybrid and Fagus sylvatica leaves exposed to ozone
Desotgiu, R; Bussotti, F; Faoro, F; Iriti, M; Agati, G; Marzuoli, R; Gerosa, G; Tani, C
2,010
This paper aims to investigate early responses to ozone in leaves of Fagus sylvatica (beech) and Populus maximowiczii x Populus berolinensis (poplar). The experimental setup consisted of four open-air (OA) plots, four charcoal-filtered (CF) open-top chambers (OTCs), and four nonfiltered (NF) OTCs. Qualitative and quant...
0
624,932
Effects of LTB4 receptor antagonism on pulmonary inflammation in rodents and non-human primates
Hicks, A; Goodnow, R, Jr; Cavallo, G; Tannu, SA; Ventre, JD; Lavelle, D; Lora, JM; Satjawatcharaphong, J; Brovarney, M; Dabbagh, K; Tare, NS; Oh, H; Lamb, M; Sidduri, A; Dominique, R; Qiao, Q; Lou, JP; Gillespie, P; Fotouhi, N; Kowalczyk, A; Kurylko, G; Hamid, R; Wright, MB; Pamidimukkala, A; Egan, T; Gubler, U; Hoffma...
2,010
Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) are characterized by neutrophilic inflammation and elevated levels of leukotriene B4 (LTB4). However, the exact role of LTB4 pathways in mediating pulmonary neutrophilia and the potential therapeuti...
1
783,773
Responsiveness of Viburnum lantana L. to tropospheric ozone: Field evidence under contrasting site conditions in Trentino, northern Italy
Gottardini, E; Cristofori, A; Cristofolini, F; Bussotti, F; Ferretti, M
2,010
Specific visible foliar injuries were demonstrated to occur on plants of Viburnum lantana L. (wayfaring tree) when exposed to ozone in open-top chamber experiments. However, although evidence of visible injury was reported even for native plants, no comprehensive testing has been carried out under real field conditions...
0
733,097
Characterizing changes in surface ozone levels in metropolitan and rural areas in the United States for 1980?2008 and 1994?2008
Lefohn, AS; Shadwick, D; Oltmans, SJ
2,010
In this analysis, we characterize urban and rural ozone (O3) trends across the US for the periods 1980?2008 (29 years) and 1994?2008 (15 years) using three exposure metrics, which summarize daily O3 concentrations to reflect different ways O3 may affect human health and vegetation. We observe that a statistically signi...
1
732,544
Part 3. Estimating the effects of air pollution on mortality in Bangkok, Thailand
Vichit-Vadakan, N; Vajanapoom, N; Ostro, B
2,010
While the effects of particulate matter (PM*) on mortality have been well documented in North America and Western Europe, considerably less is known about its effects in developing countries in Asia. Existing air pollution data in Bangkok, Thailand, indicate that airborne concentrations of PM < or = 10 pm in aerodynami...
0
666,324
Age-related changes in cardiac and respiratory adaptation to acute ozone and carbon black exposures: Interstrain variation in mice
Hamade, AK; Misra, V; Rabold, R; Tankersley, CG
2,010
Context: Epidemiological studies show positive associations between increased ambient air pollutant levels and adverse cardiopulmonary effects. These studies suggest that the elderly and those with certain genetic polymorphisms are susceptible to adverse air pollution-associated health events. Hypothesis/objective: We ...
1
625,423
Visible and microscopic needle alterations of mature Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) trees growing on an ozone gradient in eastern Spain
Kivimaenpaa, M; Sutinen, S; Calatayud, V; Sanz, MJ
2,010
Visible injuries and 42 microscopic features of tissue and cell structure were quantified in needles of mature Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) growing at four field sites located on a natural ozone gradient in eastern Spain. Principal component analysis was used to find out if the forest sites differed from each oth...
0
644,286
Effectiveness of different EDU concentrations in ameliorating ozone stress in carrot plants
Tiwari, S; Agrawal, M
2,010
Ethylenediurea (EDU) is suggested for use to evaluate plant response under ambient ozone (O-3) concentrations. Four EDU treatments, viz. 0 (non-EDU), 150, 300 and 450 mg L-1, applied as soil drench at 10 days interval to carrot (Daucus carota L var. Pusa Kesar), grown at a tropical suburban site of Varanasi experiencin...
0
716,382
Outdoor air pollution and children's health
Suwanwaiphatthana, W; Ruangdej, K; Turner-Henson, A
2,010
Children spend almost 90% of their time indoors, though outside air can be a significant source of potential and actual exposure to outdoor air pollutants. Children are vulnerable to pollutants and toxins because of their size and developing organ systems. Young children have increased respiratory rates and inhale more...
0
696,209
Spectral reflectance from a soybean canopy exposed to elevated CO2 and O-3
Gray, SB; Dermody, O; Delucia, EH
2,010
By affecting the physiology and structure of plant canopies, increasing atmospheric CO2 and O-3 influence the capacity of agroecosystems to capture light and convert that light energy into biomass, ultimately affecting productivity and yield. The objective of this study was to determine if established remote sensing in...
0
644,810
Blood cytokines as biomarkers of in vivo toxicity in preclinical safety assessment: Considerations for their use
Tarrant, JM
2,010
In the drive to develop drugs with well-characterized and clinically monitorable safety profiles, there is incentive to expand the repertoire of safety biomarkers for toxicities without routine markers or premonitory detection. Biomarkers in blood are pursued because of specimen accessibility, opportunity for serial mo...
0
633,876
Effects of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on ozone concentrations in Colorado
Brinkman, GL; Denholm, P; Hannigan, MP; Milford, JB
2,010
This study explores how ozone concentrations in the Denver, CO area might have been different if plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) had replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in summer 2006. A unit commitment and dispatch model was used to estimate the charging patterns of PHEVs and dispatch power plants to meet e...
0
785,559
Air pollution, population vulnerability, and standards for ambient air quality
Gent, JF; Bell, ML
2,010
null
0
597,374
Oral cleft defects and maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants in New Jersey
Marshall, E; Harris, G; Wartenberg, D
2,010
BACKGROUND: Evidence links exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, particularly gaseous pollutants and particulate matter, to an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes though the results for birth defects have been inconsistent. METHODS: We compared estimated exposure to ambient air pollutants duri...
1
732,091
Discovery of complex pathways from observational data
Baurley, JW; Conti, DV; Gauderman, WJ; Thomas, DC
2,010
Unraveling complex interactions has been a challenge in epidemiologic research. We introduce a pathway modeling framework that discovers plausible pathways from observational data, and allows estimation of both the net effect of the pathway and the types of interactions occurring among genetic or environmental risk fac...
0
689,863
Impact of ambient air pollution on birth outcomes: Systematic review of the current evidences
Bonzini, M; Carugno, M; Grillo, P; Mensi, C; Bertazzi, PA; Pesatori, AC
2,010
BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in the possible association between maternal exposure to air pollutants and reproductive outcomes, particularly birth weight and gestational duration. Four systematic reviews of data were published in 2004-2005, but the wide variability of methods and results among the different st...
0
625,025
Impact of fine and ultrafine particles on emergency hospital admissions for cardiac and respiratory diseases
Belleudi, V; Faustini, A; Stafoggia, M; Cattani, G; Marconi, A; Perucci, CA; Forastiere, F
2,010
Background: Little is known about the short-term effects of ultrafine particles. Methods: We evaluated the effect of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ?10 ?m (PM10), ?2.5 ?m (PM2.5), and ultrafine particles on emergency hospital admissions in Rome 2001?2005. We studied residents aged ?35 years hospitaliz...
0
647,085
Maternal low-level lead exposure and fetal growth
Zhu, M; Fitzgerald, EF; Gelberg, KH; Lin, S; Druschel, CM
2,010
Background: Limited epidemiologic studies have examined the association between maternal low-level lead exposure [blood lead (PbB) < 10 ?g/dL] and fetal growth.Objective: We examined whether maternal low-level lead exposure is associated with decreased fetal growth.Methods: We linked New York State Heavy Metals Registr...
0
677,538
Biogenic Emissions Inventory System (BEIS) modeling
null
2,010
First developed in 1988, BEIS estimates volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from vegetation and nitric oxide (NO) emissions from soils. Because of resource limitations, recent BEIS development has been restricted to versions that are compatible with the Sparse Matrix Operational Kernel Emissions (SMOKE) system. N...
1
597,377
Effect of air quality on assisted human reproduction
Legro, RS; Sauer, MV; Mottla, GL; Richter, KS; Li, X; Dodson, WC; Liao, D
2,010
BACKGROUND: Air pollution has been associated with reproductive complications. We hypothesized that declining air quality during in vitro fertilization (IVF) would adversely affect live birth rates. METHODS: Data from US Environmental Protection Agency air quality monitors and an established national-scale, log-norma...
1
690,158
Onset of obesity in carboxypeptidase E-deficient mice and effect on airway responsiveness and pulmonary responses to ozone
Johnston, R; Zhu, M; Hernandez, C; Williams, E; Shore, S
2,010
When compared with lean, wild-type mice, obese Cpefat mice, 14 wk of age and older, manifest innate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to intravenous methacholine and enhanced pulmonary inflammation following acute exposure to ozone (O3). The purpose of this study was to examine the onset of these augmented pulmonary res...
0
644,265
Aphids in the face of global changes
Hulle, M; Coeur d'Acier, A; Bankhead-Dronnet, S; Harrington, R
2,010
Global warming is one of the principal challenges facing insects worldwide. It affects individual species and interactions between species directly through effects on their physiology and indirectly through effects on their habitat. Aphids are particularly sensitive to temperature changes due to certain specific biolog...
0
772,665
Oxidative stress, progressive damage in the substantia nigra and plasma dopamine oxidation, in rats chronically exposed to ozone
Santiago-Lopez, D; Bautista-Martinez, JA; Reyes-Hernandez, CI; Aguilar-Martinez, M; Rivas-Arancibia, S
2,010
The purpose of our work was to determine the effects of oxidative stress on the neurodegeneration process in the substantia nigra, and to evaluate dopamine-oxidation metabolites in the plasma using a cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. We have also studied the correlation between the increases in oxidized dopamine-speci...
1
625,026
Traffic-related air pollution and blood pressure in elderly subjects with coronary artery disease
Delfino, RJ; Tjoa, T; Gillen, DL; Staimer, N; Polidori, A; Arhami, M; Jamner, L; Sioutas, C; Longhurst, J
2,010
Background: Associations between blood pressure (BP) and ambient air pollution have been inconsistent. No studies have used ambulatory BP monitoring and outdoor home air-pollutant measurements with time-activity-location data. We address these gaps in a study of 64 elderly subjects with coronary artery disease, living ...
1
749,706
HOx radical regeneration in isoprene oxidation via peroxy radical isomerisations. II: Experimental evidence and global impact
Peeters, J; Muller, JF
2,010
A consistent body of experimental evidence from work of other groups is presented in support of the novel, theoretically based, isopreneoxidation mechanism we recently proposed to rationalize the unexpectedly high OH concentrations observed over areas with high isoprene emissions. Some explicit or implicit criticisms o...
1
625,028
Air pollution and activation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in London
Anderson, HR; Armstrong, B; Hajat, S; Harrison, R; Monk, V; Poloniecki, J; Timmis, A; Wilkinson, P
2,010
Background: Air pollution may increase the incidence of ventricular cardiac arrhythmias. We investigated this in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators attending London clinics. Method: We explored associations between dates of activation of defibrillators and daily concentrations of various metrics of ...
1
625,034
Susceptibility factors to ozone-related mortality: A population-based case-crossover analysis
Stafoggia, M; Forastiere, F; Faustini, A; Biggeri, A; Bisanti, L; Cadum, E; Cernigliaro, A; Mallone, S; Pandolfi, P; Serinelli, M; Tessari, R; Vigotti, MA; Perucci, CA
2,010
RATIONALE: Acute effects of ozone on mortality have been extensively documented in clinical and epidemiological research. However, only a few studies have focused on subgroups of the population especially vulnerable to these effects. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the association between exposure to ozone and cause-specific m...
1
644,189
Ozone stress-induced proteomic changes in leaf total soluble and chloroplast proteins of soybean reveal that carbon allocation is involved in adaptation in the early developmental stage
Ahsan, N; Nanjo, Y; Sawada, H; Kohno, Y; Komatsu, S
2,010
Considerable soybean yield losses caused by ozone (O(3)) stress have been demonstrated by large scale meta-analyses of free-gas concentration enrichment systems. In this study, comparative proteomic approach was employed to explore the differential changes of proteins in O(3) target structures such as leaf and chloropl...
1
625,022
Ambient air pollution exposure, residential mobility and term birth weight in Oslo, Norway
Madsen, C; Gehring, U; Walker, SE; Brunekreef, B; Stigum, H; Naess, O; Nafstad, P
2,010
Environmental exposure during pregnancy may have lifelong health consequences for the offspring and some studies have association between maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and offspring's birth weight. However, many of these studies do not take into account small-scale variations in exposure, resident...
0
633,891
To GEE or not to GEE: Comparing population average and mixed models for estimating the associations between neighborhood risk factors and health
Hubbard, AE; Ahern, J; Fleischer, NL; Van der Laan, M; Lippman, SA; Jewell, N; Bruckner, T; Satariano, WA
2,010
Two modeling approaches are commonly used to estimate the associations between neighborhood characteristics and individual-level health outcomes in multilevel studies (subjects within neighborhoods). Random effects models (or mixed models) use maximum likelihood estimation. Population average models typically use a gen...
0
670,878
The influence of age of lead exposure on adult gray matter volume
Brubaker, CJ; Dietrich, KN; Lanphear, BP; Cecil, KM
2,010
Childhood lead exposure is associated with decreased cognitive abilities and executive functioning localized within the prefrontal cortex. Several studies have observed stronger associations between blood lead measurements obtained later in life than earlier measures, but there are no imaging studies investigating the ...
0
696,865
Apoplastic ascorbate contributes to the differential ozone sensitivity in two varieties of winter wheat under fully open-air field conditions
Feng, Z; Pang, J; Nouchi, I; Kobayashi, K; Yamakawa, T; Zhu, J
2,010
We studied leaf apoplastic ascorbates in relation to ozone (O(3)) sensitivity in two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties: Yangfumai 2 (Y2) and Yangmai 16 (Y16). The plants were exposed to elevated O(3) concentration 27% higher than the ambient O(3) concentration in a fully open-air field from tillering stage ...
1
732,533
Part 2. Association of daily mortality with ambient air pollution, and effect modification by extremely high temperature in Wuhan, China
Qian, Z; He, Q; Lin, HM; Kong, L; Zhou, D; Liang, S; Zhu, Z; Liao, D; Liu, W; Bentley, CM; Dan, J; Wang, B; Yang, N; Xu, S; Gong, J; Wei, H; Sun, H; Qin, Z
2,010
Fewer studies have been published on the association between daily mortality and ambient air pollution in Asia than in the United States and Europe. This study was undertaken in Wuhan, China, to investigate the acute effects of air pollution on mortality with an emphasis on particulate matter (PM*). There were three pr...
0