REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
40,670 | Bronchiolitis | King, TE, Jr | 1,993 | null | 0 |
625,467 | Sensitivity of sycamore seedlings (Platanus occidentalis) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park: Data from 1989 | Neufeld, HS; Renfro, JR | 1,993 | Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) seedlings were exposed in 1989 to ozone in open-top chambers at Uplands Field Research Laboratory, Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). Seedlings were raised from seed collected in GRSM and exposed for a total of 68 days to one of five treatments: charcoal-filtered (CF), 1.0x... | 0 |
17,649 | Air quality criteria for oxides of nitrogen (final, 1993) | null | 1,993 | This criteria document focuses on a review and assessment of the effects on human health and welfare of the nitrogen oxides, nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and the related compounds, nitrites, nitrates, nitrogenous acids, and nitrosamines. Although the emphasis is on presentation of health and welfare ef... | 0 |
52,979 | A 1000-year record of temperature and precipitation in the Sierra Nevada | Graumlich, LJ | 1,993 | Tree-ring data from subalpine conifers in the southern Sierra Nevada were used to reconstruct temperature and precipitation back to A.D. 800. Tree growth of foxtail pine (Pinus balfouriana) and western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis ssp. australis) is influenced by nonlinear interactions between summer temperature and... | 0 |
75,917 | Odor and taste threshold studies performed with tertiary-amyl methyl ether (TAME) with cover letter dated 02/22/95. | null | 1,993 | null | 0 |
52,772 | Dose-response studies with the antiozonant ethylenediurea (EDU), applied as a soil drench to two growth substrates, on greenhouse-grown varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris L | Kostka-Rick, R; Manning, WJ | 1,993 | To study plant growth and yield effects of the antiozonant ethylenediurea (EDU), which is frequently used for ozone crop loss assessments, dose-response studies were carried out with potted bean plants under greenhouse conditions in winter and spring. Two cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., differing in sensitivity to... | 0 |
52,509 | Analytical methods used to identify nonmethane organic compounds in ambient atmospheres | Westberg, H; Zimmerman, P | 1,993 | Nonmethane hydrocarbons are important participants in the atmospheric chemical reactions that cause photochemical smog, acid deposition, and greenhouse gases. In order to understand their involvement in these processes, researchers are using sophisticated | 0 |
43,407 | Peroxyacyl nitrates at southern California mountain forest locations | Grosjean, D; Williams EL, II; Grosjean, E | 1,993 | Ambient levels of the peroxyacyl nitrates [RC(O)OONO2] PAN (R = CH3) and PPN (R = C2H5) have been measured at two southern California mountain forest locations impacted by urban photochemical smog. The highest levels recorded were 22 ppb for PAN and 4.3 ppb for PPN; 24-h averages were 2-10 ppb for PAN and 0.25-1.7 ppb ... | 0 |
47,048 | Reflex activation of nasal secretion by unilateral inhalation of cold dry air | Philip, G; Jankowski, R; Baroody, FM; Naclerio, RM; Togia, AG | 1,993 | null | 0 |
91,455 | Willingness to pay for a state gypsy moth control program in New Hampshire: a contingent valuation case study | Miller, JD; Lindsay, BE | 1,993 | The willingness to pay (WTP) for a state gypsy moth, Lymantria control program in New Hampshire was estimated through a case study examination of three towns using the contingent valuation method (CVM). Data were acquired by means of a questionnaire mailed to 2,400 randomly selected households in the spring of 1991. Lo... | 0 |
30,203 | Interactive effects of CO2 and O3 on growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L) | Pfirrmann, T; Barnes, JD | 1,993 | Five-day-old radish cv. Cherry Belle seedlings were placed in phytotron chambers programmed to simulate cool, cloudy and sunny days on a pattern alternating every 2-7 days. Chambers received ambient and elevated CO2, with daily mean concentrations over the exposure period of 387 plus or minus 10 and 762 plus or minus 1... | 0 |
52,243 | Comment on "Indications of photochemical histories of Pacific air masses from measurements of atmospheric trace species at Point Arena, California" by D D Parrish et al | Finlayson-Pitts, BJ | 1,993 | null | 0 |
43,455 | Studies on the formation of H2O2 in the ozonolysis of alkenes | Becker, KH; Bechara, J; Brockmann, KJ | 1,993 | The formation of H2O2 in the reactions of ozone with alkenes, isoprene and some terpenes has been studied with tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. The measured yields of H2O2 were found to be considerably enhanced in the presence of water vapour. H2O2 is thought to be formed in the ozonolysis of the alkene wit... | 0 |
43,333 | Ambient air monitoring reference and equivalent methods; equivalent method designations | null | 1,993 | null | 0 |
53,590 | The current and future envirionmental role of atmospheric methane: Model studies and uncertainties | Pinto, JP; Bruhl, C; Thompson, AM | 1,993 | null | 0 |
42,851 | A national critical loads framework for atmospheric deposition effects assessment: II Defining assessment end points, indicators, and functional subregions | Hunsaker, C; Graham, R; Turner, RS; Ringold, PL; Holdren, GR; Strickland, TC | 1,993 | Administration, has been evaluating the feasibility of an effects-based (critical loads) approach to atmospheric pollutant regulation and abatement. The rationale used to develop three of the six steps in a flexible assessment framework (Strickland and others, 1992) is presented along with a discussion of a variety of ... | 0 |
47,453 | AASE-II in-situ tracer correlations of methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone as observed aboard the DC-8 | Collins, JE, Jr; Sachse, GW; Anderson, BE; Weinheimer, AJ; Walega, JG; Ridley, BA | 1,993 | We report in situ stratospheric measurements of CH4, N2O, and O3 obtained aboard the NASA DC-8 during the January-March 1992 Airborne Arctic Stratospheric Expedition II field campaign. These data demonstrate a strong linear correlation between N2O and CH4 in the lower stratosphere thus indicating that both species are... | 0 |
44,095 | Evaluation of the Eulerian acid deposition and oxidant model (ADOM) with summer 1988 aircraft data | Macdonald, AM; Banic, CM; Leaitch, WR; Puckett, KJ | 1,993 | Aircraft measurements from the Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study (EMEFS) summer of 1988 intensive are compared with predictions of the Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model (ADOM). Aircraft measurements have been compared to surface measurements. Concentrations of H2O2 from surface measurements were less than those at ... | 0 |
38,873 | Ubiquitous occurrence of semi-volatile carbonyl compounds in tropospheric samples and their possible sources | Ciccioli, P; Brancaleoni, E; Frattoni, M; Cecinato, A; Brachetti, A | 1,993 | The levels of semi-volatile aldehydes with 4-10 carbon atoms and a ketone identified as 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one by mass spectrometry have been measured in some urban, suburban and forest areas together with important hydrocarbons emitted by man-made (benzene, toluene) and biogenic sources (alpha-pinene). The results ob... | 0 |
51,267 | Chaotic advection in the stratosphere: implications for the dispersal of chemically perturbed air from the polar vortex | Pierce, RB; Fairlie, TDA | 1,993 | The Lagrangian evolution of material lines within the northern hemisphere winter stratospheric vortex is determined using isentropic winds and diabatic heating rates obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) atmospheric circulation model. Transient, subtropical anticyclones lead to deformation of the mate... | 0 |
29,501 | Light environment alters response to ozone stress in seedlings of Acer saccharum March, and hybrid Populus L III Consequences for performance of gypsy moth | Lindroth, RL; Reich, PB; Tjoelker, MG; Volin, JC; Oleksyn, J | 1,993 | Both light conditions and ozone fumigation alter the chemical composition of tree foliage and are thus likely to influence tree-insect interactions. We investigated the direct and interactive effects of light environment and ozone exposure on the performance of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) larvae reared on hybrid p... | 0 |
38,918 | Bronchoalveolar lavage in asthma: an update and perspective | Smith, DL; Deshazo, RD | 1,993 | null | 0 |
52,178 | Evidence of inorganic chlorine gases other than hydrogen chloride in marine surface air | Pszenny, AAP; Keene, WC; Jacob, DJ; Fan, S; Maben, JR; Zetwo, MP; Springer-Young, M; Galloway, JN | 1,993 | Stratospheric ozone provides a protective shield for humanity and the global biosphere from harmful ultraviolet solar radiation. In past decades, theoretical models for the calculation of ozone balance frequently used gas-phase reactions alone in their studies. Since the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole in 1985,... | 0 |
79,187 | Effects of ozone on the photosynthetic apparatus and leaf proteins during leaf development in wheat | Nie, GY; Tomasevic, M; Baker, NR | 1,993 | null | 0 |
42,899 | PM10 and PM25 compositions in California's San Joaquin Valley | Chow, JC; Watson, JG; Lowenthal, DH; Solomon, PA; Magliano, KL; Ziman, SD; Richards, LW | 1,993 | An aerosol sampling study was carried out at six monitoring sites in California's San Joaquin Valley from June 14, 1988 through June 9, 1989. Concentrations of PM10 (particles < 10 mum in aerodynamic diameter) and PM2.5 (particles < 2.5 mum in aerodynamic diameter) mass, elements, water-soluble nitrate, sulfate, ... | 0 |
26,656 | Crop responses to the global increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration | Gifford, RM; Morison, JIL | 1,993 | 1st PAR.Around the world there have been numerous assessments- both academic and in private and public sector reports-of the impact of prospective anthropogenic climate change on agriculture and forestry. However, many of them either do not include consideration of the direct CO2 effect on plants or discount it as unim... | 0 |
41,769 | Effects of ozone and simulated acidic precipitation on ectomycorrhizal formation on loblolly pine seedlings | Qui, Z; Chappelka, AH; Somers, GL; Lockaby, BG; Meldahl, RS | 1,993 | #Since air pollutants have been postulated to alter rhizosphere ecology, a study was initiated to evaluate the impact of O(3) and acidic precipitation on ectomycorrhizal formation on loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings. Six-month-old loblolly pine from two families differing in O(3) sensitivity were exposed to four O(3... | 0 |
38,852 | Ambient versus emission inventory NMOC speciation during the SCAQS | Main, HH; Lurmann, FW | 1,993 | null | 0 |
38,910 | A new potential air-quality criterion derived from vertical flux densities of ozone and from plant response | Grunhage, L; Dammgen, U; Haenel, HD; Jager, HJ; Holl, A; Schmitt, J; Hanewald, K | 1,993 | null | 0 |
44,232 | A laboratory study of the effect of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide on the atmospheric corrosion of zinc | Svensson, JE; Johansson, LG | 1,993 | We report on a laboratory study of the role of O3, NO2, and SO2 in the sub-parts per-million range on the atmosphericcorrosion of zinc. Each sample was exposed individually to synthetic atmospheres with careful control of pollutantconcentrations, relative humidity, and flow conditions. In addition, we studied the inter... | 0 |
42,905 | Reaction of N2O5 on tropospheric aerosols: impact on the global distributions of NOx, O3, and OH | Dentener, FJ; Crutzen, PJ | 1,993 | Using a three-dimensional global model of the troposphere, we show that the heterogeneous reactions of NO3 and N2O5 on aerosol particles have a substantial influence on the concentrations of NOx, O3, and OH. Due to these reactions, the modeled yearly average global NOx burden decreases by 50% (80% in winter and 20% in ... | 0 |
76,138 | Inter-strain variation in susceptibility to hyperoxic injury of murine airways | Hudak, BB; Zhang, LY; Kleeberger, SR | 1,993 | The contribution of genetic background in susceptibility to hyperoxic lung injury is not clear. We utilized inbred mice to: 1) characterize inter-strain variation in hyperoxia-induced effects on lavageable indicators of airway epithelial injury; 2) test the hypothesis that hyperoxia-induced change in airway permeabilit... | 0 |
75,997 | Introduction to working group on tropospheric ozone, Health Effects Institute Environmental Epidemiology Planning Project | Tager, IB | 1,993 | #The working group on tropospheric ozone of the Health Effects Institute has evaluated the need for epidemiologic studies on the health effects of ozone (O3) exposure. This paper summarizes current data and identifies possible research questions. The extent to which ozone exposure results in chronic health effects is l... | 0 |
14,583 | On the impacts of the 1991 Gulf War on the environment of the region: general observations | Gerges, MA | 1,993 | This paper summarizes the results of environmental surveys carried out under the auspices of the United Nations by a large number of experts on the various environmental aspects (marine, atmospheric and terrestrial), for three months within the period April-July 1991, following the cessation of hostilities of the 1991... | 0 |
52,834 | Molecular response to photooxidative stress in Pinus sylvestris (L): II Differential expression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutases and glutathione reductase | Karpinski, S; Wingsle, G; Karpinska, B; Hallgren, JE | 1,993 | The influence of photooxidative stress on genes expressing superoxide dismutase (Sod) and glutathione reductase (Gor) was analyzed in needles of top and side shoots of 3-year-old Pinus sylvestris (L.) seedlings. The study was carried out in the field during spring recovery. From mid-April the top shoots of seedlings pr... | 0 |
84,384 | A comparison of ten time/activity databases: effects of geographical location, temperature, demographic group, and diary recall method | Johnson, T; McCoy, M; Capel, JE; Wijnberg, L; Ollison, W | 1,993 | A number of computer-based exposure models have been developed to realistically simulate the movements of people through zones of varying air quality. Many of these models employ time/activity databases obtained from surveys in which subjects documented their activities in diaries. These surveys differ with respect to ... | 0 |
38,713 | Measurement needs for developing and assessing ozone-control strategies | Heuss, JM; Wolff, GT | 1,993 | The monitoring programs needed to design control strategies differ from those required to assess the impact of the strategies on air quality. The former are short-term and intensive. They are designed to obtain the data required to apply an urban-scale grid model, like the Urban Airshed Model, or a combination of an ur... | 0 |
93,976 | Changes in ethylene and polyamines in relation to mRNA levels of the large and small subunits of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in ozone-stressed potato foliage | Reddy, GN; Arteca, RN; Dai, YR; Flores, HE; Negm, FB; Pell, EJ | 1,993 | null | 0 |
43,900 | Neutrophil sequestration and migration in localized pulmonary inflammation: capillary localization and migration across the interalveolar septum | Downey, GP; Worthen, GS; Henson, PM; Hyde, DM | 1,993 | null | 0 |
54,680 | Atmospheric change: effect on plant pests and diseases | Bell, JNB; Mcneill, S; Houlden, G; Brown, VC; Mansfield, PJ | 1,993 | SUMMARY
The atmosphere plays a key role in plant disease, but only recently has it become understood that atmospheric pollutants can influence the response of plants to attack by pests and pathogens. This paper reviews the evidence for this phenomenon, considering impacts of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone,... | 0 |
44,029 | Use of personal measurements for ozone exposure assessment: a pilot study | Liu L-JS; Koutrakis, P; Suh, HH; Mulik, JD; Burton, RM | 1,993 | null | 0 |
43,948 | The observation of a C5 alcohol emission in a North American pine forest | Goldan, PD; Kuster, WC; Fehsenfeld, FC; Montzka, SA | 1,993 | During a recent study carried out at an isolated site in the Colorado mountains, a C5 alcohol, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, was found to be the most abundant volatile organic compound of biogenic origin present in the atmosphere. This finding, if generally characteristic of the natural chemical species present in the atmosph... | 0 |
46,404 | Chemical and physical properties of emissions from Kuwaiti oil fires | Stevens, R; Pinto, J; Mamane, Y; Ondov, J; Abdulraheem, M; Al-Majed, N; Sadek, M; Cofer, W; Ellenson, W; Kellogg, R | 1,993 | After the Iraqi retreat from Kuwait in 1991, airborne sampling was conducted in the oil fire plumes near Kuwait City and ground-level samples were taken of the air within the city. For the airborne sampling, a versatile air pollution sampler was used to determine the S02, elemental concentrations, the aerosol mass load... | 0 |
52,805 | Responses to ozone of varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) | Guzy, MR; Heath, RL | 1,993 | SUMMARY Varying modes of ozone sensitivity were detected in 12 varieties of Phaseolus vulgaris. Seedlings were exposed to 0A4-0A5 l 1-1 ozone for 75-135 mm in growth chambers, until the most sensitive variety manifested visible damage at the leaf margins. Sensitive varieties showed ozone-induced chlorophyll loss and... | 0 |
43,026 | The response of regional ozone to VOC and NOx emissions reductions: an analysis for the eastern United States based on regional oxidant modeling | Chu, SH; Meyer, EL; Cox, WM; Scheffe, RD | 1,993 | null | 0 |
26,419 | Ozone effects on root-disease susceptibility and defence responses in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L) | Bonello, P; Heller, W; Sandermann, H, Jr | 1,993 | Interactions between ozone and biotic stress caused by a pathogen, Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., in mycorrhizal [Hegeloma crustuliniforme (Bull. ex St. Am.) Quel.] and non-mycorrhizal Scots pine seedlings were investigated using a semi-axenic model system. Ozone exposure (200 nl l-1, 8 h d-1 for 28 d) increased d... | 0 |
30,276 | Interactive effects of ozone and powdery mildew on pea seedlings | Rusch, H; Laurence, JA | 1,993 | We assessed the effects of ozone and powdery mildew infection on plant growth, ozone injury, colonization of leaves by the fungus, and pisatin content of pea (Pisum sauvum) seedlings. Seedlings of cultivars Alaska and Bounty grown in the greenhouse were moved to controlled- environment growth chambers and exposed to oz... | 0 |
39,961 | Differentiated bronchiolar epithelium in alveolar ducts of rats exposed to ozone for 20 months | Pinkerton, KE; Dodge, DE; Cederdahl-Demmler, J; Wong, VJ; Peake, J; Haselton, CJ; Mellick, PW; Singh, G; Plopper, CG | 1,993 | null | 0 |
43,181 | Health effects associated with ozone and nitrogen dioxide exposure | Mckee, DJ; Rodriquez, RM | 1,993 | Of the oxidants and nitrogenous compounds found in ambient air, O3 and NO2 are among those most thoroughy investigated. Large health data bases have been compiled in air quality criteria documents, which serve as the basis for review of primary (health) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for each pollutant.... | 0 |
47,344 | A new dark source of the gaseous hydroxyl radical for relative rate measurements | Finlayson-Pitts, BJ; Hernandez, SK; Berko, HN | 1,993 | SUMMARY A new dark source of OH for relative rate studies is described. This technique, which is simple to apply and yields results of high precision, is applicable .to organics which react very slowly with O3. This method involves measuring the relative rates of decay of pairs of simple alkanes (ethane, propane, ... | 0 |
179,984 | The relationship of nitrate reductase activity to uptake and assimilation of atmospheric 15NO2-nitrogen in needles of Norway Spruce (Picea Abies [L.] Karst.) | von Ballmoos, P; Nussbaum, S; Brunold, C | 1,993 | Using 15N02, relations between nitrate reductase activity and stornatal conductance, "N-uptake and "N-glutamate were studied in the two youngest needles flushes of potted Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.). There were linear correlations between the stomatal conductance and the 15N-uptake and between the "N-uptake... | 0 |
40,085 | Effects of chronic ozone exposure on airway mucosubstances in the rat | Harkema, JR; Pinkerton, KE; Plopper, CG | 1,993 | null | 0 |
44,015 | Meteorologically adjusted ozone trends in urban areas: a probabilistic approach | Cox, WM; Chu, SH | 1,993 | null | 0 |
32,680 | The relative ozone forming potential of methanol-fueled vehicle emissions and gasoline-fueled vehicle emissions in outdoor smog chambers | Jeffries, HE; Sexton, KG | 1,993 | null | 0 |
38,734 | Evaluation of the EPA regional oxidant model for the July 2-13, 1988 ozone episode | Morris, RE; Shepherd, SB; Emery, CA | 1,993 | null | 0 |
39,082 | Response of grassland ecosystem to air pollutants: I--experimental concept and site of the Braunschweig grassland investigation program | Grunhage, L; Dammgen, U; Hertstein, U; Jager, HJ | 1,993 | Between 1984 and 1991 in Braunschweig (South-east Lower Saxony, Germany) experiments concerning the influence of chronic stress by air pollutants to a permanent grassland ecosystem were performed, the conceptual background of which is dealt with in this paper. The site itself, the management practices and treatments ap... | 0 |
54,092 | Nitrogen availability for corn in soils amended with urea, cattle slurry, and solid and composted manures | Paul, JW; Beauchamp, EG | 1,993 | This study was conducted to determine whether manure N availability for corn (Zea mays L.) was best estimated by a component of the manure N or by soil inorganic N in May or June. Liquid dairy cattle manure, solid beef cattle manure, and composted beef cattle manure were applied in the spring of 1988, 1989 and1990 at ... | 0 |
39,015 | Use of tobacco cultivars as biological indicators of ambient ozone pollution: an analysis of exposure-response relationships | Krupa, SV; Manning, WJ; Nosal, M | 1,993 | A summary is presented of the numerical analysis of the results from a study of exposure in an open-top chamber conducted at two locations in the north-east USA, utilizing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cv. Bel-W3 (sensitive) and cv. Bel-B (tolerant) as differential indicators of ambient O(3) pollution. At both study s... | 0 |
43,828 | Measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a remote site in the southwestern United States: tropospheric implications | Gaffney, JS; Marley, NA; Prestbo, EW | 1,993 | Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) measurements were taken at a remote site in the southwestern United States from October 1987 through January 1989 by using an automated gas chromatograph with electron capture detection. The monthly mean PAN concentrations were found to correlate well with temperature, as PAN levels were high... | 0 |
38,118 | Dry deposition of nitrogen and sulfur to ponderosa and Jeffrey pine in the San Bernardino National Forest in southern California | Fenn, ME; Bytnerowicz, A | 1,993 | Little is known about the concentrations, deposition rates, and effects of nitrogenous and sulfurous compounds in photochemical smog in the San Bernardino National Forest (SBNF) in southern California. Dry deposition of NO3- and NH4+ to foliage of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) and Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi ... | 0 |
80,408 | Canopy dynamics and aboveground production of five tree species with different leaf longevities | Gower, ST; Reich, PB; Son, Y | 1,993 | null | 0 |
52,995 | Dynamics of biomass partitioning in field-grown radish varieties, treated with ethylenediurea | Kostka-Rick, R; Manning, WJ; Buonaccorsi, JP | 1,993 | During the growing season of 1990, five staggered crops of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) were grown in the field, using the cultivars `Cherry Belle', `Red Prince', and `Red Devil B'. Half of the plants received a soil drench (100 ml plant-1; 100 mg litre-1 of ethylenediurea (EDU) once, early in plant development. Destru... | 0 |
53,952 | The partitioning of nitrogen oxides in the lower Arctic troposphere during Spring 1988 | Bottenheim, JW; Barrie, LA; Atlas, E | 1,993 | National Science Foundation. Surface observations of several nitrogen oxides in the Canadian high Arctic during the period March-April 1988 are reported. These include data on NO2 , the inorganic nitrates HNO3 and particulate nitrate, and the organic nitrates PAN and C3-C7 alkyl-nitrates. It is found that the organic n... | 0 |
44,150 | Probability estimates of adverse personal exposures to ozone in US metropolitan areas exceeding NAAQS | Vostal, JJ; Johnson, TR; Wijnberg, L; Capel, JE | 1,993 | null | 0 |
43,550 | Ozone uptake in the sun and shade crown of spruce: quantifying the physiological effects of ozone exposure | Wieser, G; Havranek, WM | 1,993 | The uptake of air pollutants depends both on pollutant concentration and on stomatal conductance. This paper deals with the uptake of ozone (03) from the air into the needles of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] under ambient climatic conditions. Regulation of 03 up- take by the stomata is shown and also the diff... | 0 |
51,727 | Ultrastructure of free nerve endings in respiratory and squamous epithelium on the rat nasal septum | Spit, BJ; Bretschneider, F; Hendriksen, EGJ; Kuper, CF | 1,993 | The distribution of nerve fibres in the mucosa of the nasal septum of the rat was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy on transverse and tangential ultrathin sections. Near the basement membrane of respiratory and squamous epithelium, a rather dense network of unmyelinated nerve fibres occurs. Some... | 0 |
38,819 | Whole-plant growth and leaf formation in ozonated hybrid poplar (Populus x euramericana) | Matyssek, R; Gunthardt-Goerg, MS; Landolt, W; Keller, T | 1,993 | Seasonal growth was studied in potted cuttings of hybrid poplar (one clone of Populus x euramericana) either exposed to ozone in filtered air (0 = control, 0.05, 0.10 microl litre(-1)) or in ambient air (mean = 0.03 microl litre(-1)). Only at 0.10 microl litre(-1) was biomass production reduced and related to leaf loss... | 0 |
51,902 | Direct damage to vegetation caused by acid rain and polluted cloud: definition of critical levels for forest trees | Cape, JN | 1,993 | United Kingom Department of the Environment. ABSTRACT The concept of critical levels was developed in order to define short-term and long-term average concentrations of gaseous pollutants above which plants may be damaged. Although the usual way in which pollutants in precipitation (wet depo... | 0 |
43,525 | Effects of air pollutants on the growth and antioxidative system of Norway spruce exposed in open-top chambers | Nast, W; Mortensen, L; Fischer, K; Fitting, I | 1,993 | Grafted Norway spruce trees were subjected to exposure beginning in April 1988, to one of four different air treatments in open-top chambers: Charcoal filtered air (CF), non-filtered air (NF), non-filtered air with the addition of O(3) during summer (NFO), and SO(2) plus NO(2) during winter (NFOSN). CF trees were consi... | 0 |
2,251,964 | Importance of small wetlands for the persistence of local populations of wetland-associated animals | Gibbs, JP | 1,993 | I simulated loss of small, legally unprotected freshwater wetlands in a 600 km2 area of Maine, USA to examine how loss of small wetlands altered the geometry of the wetland mosaic and thereby might affect the dynamics of metapopulations of wetland-associated organisms. Loss of small wetlands resulted in total wetland a... | 0 |
42,910 | Development of an improved image processing based visibility model | Eldering, A; Larson, SM; Hall, JR; Hussey, KJ; Cass, GR | 1,993 | Caltech Center for Air Quality Analysis; National Aeronautics and Space Administration. #An image processing based visibility model is presented in which model calculations are displayed as synthetic color photographs that have the appearance of a smog event. A theoretically based model for light scattering and absorpt... | 0 |
87,247 | Effects of ozone on the activity of slowly (SAR) and rapidly adapting (RAR) receptors in cats | Hazucha, MJ; Sant'Ambrogio, G | 1,993 | null | 0 |
625,463 | Sensitivity of black cherry seedlings (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) to ozone in Great Smoky Mountains National Park: The 1989 seedling set | Neufeld, HS; Renfro, JR | 1,993 | Potted black cherry (Prunus serotina EHRH.) seedlings were exposed in 1989 to ozone in open-top chambers at the Uplands Field Research Laboratory, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Seedlings were raised from seed collected in the Park and exposed for a total of 76 days to one of five treatments: charcoal-filtered (C... | 0 |
43,103 | Workplan for the development and application of the SARMAP modeling system | Tesche, TW | 1,993 | null | 0 |
29,714 | Environmental data report 1993-94 | null | 1,993 | N/A. | 0 |
52,477 | Hydrocarbon ratios and photochemical history of air masses | Mckeen, SA; Liu, SC | 1,993 | An effective and commonly used technique for studying the sources, photochemistry, and even the ``photochemical age' of trace species is to examine ratios of hydrocarbons by assuming the ratio is independent of transport processes. We present results from mesoscale model calculations that suggest a significant effect b... | 0 |
43,213 | Dose-response studies with ethylenediurea (EDU) and radish | Kostka-Rick, R; Manning, WJ | 1,993 | There is some concern that the antiozonant ethylenediurea (EDU), used for crop loss assessment due to ambient ozone (03) may per se affect plant growth and yield In view of this, and to provide knowledge for later field experiments, dose-response studies with EDU and 03 were carried out in greenhouses in winter and spr... | 0 |
43,515 | Branch growth and leaf gas exchange of Populus tremula exposed to low ozone concentrations throughout two growing seasons | Matyssek, R; Keller, T; Koike, T | 1,993 | During two consecutive growing seasons, the same potted
individuals of European aspen (Populus tremula), grown from root cuttings of one clone, were
fumigated with either ambient air or ozone concentrations of 0 (control), 0.05 or 0.1 mulitre
litre-1. Structure and biomass of the annually formed branches were ana... | 0 |
43,003 | Fading of artists' colorants by a mixture of photochemical oxidants | Grosjean, D; Grosjean, E; Williams EL, II | 1,993 | Thirty-five artists' colorants were exposed for 12 weeks, in the dark, to a mixture of photochemical oxidants including ozone (200 ppb), nitrogen dioxide (75 ppb) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN, 15 ppb) at ambient temperature and humidity. Color changes were measured weekly using a reflectance color analyser and were al... | 0 |
549 | Meta-analysis and "effective dose" revisited | Hazucha, MJ | 1,993 | Introduction. Quantitative reanalyses of data from various laboratories have been done for more than 30 years. However, the development of more formal rules for combining the results of controlled trials, the adaptation of existing statistical techniques | 0 |
44,054 | Ambient ozone causes upper airways inflammation in children | Frischer, TM; Kuehr, J; Pullwitt, A; Meinert, R; Forster, J; Studnicka, M; Koren, H | 1,993 | Ozone constitutes a major air pollutant in Western Europe. During the summer national air quality standards are frequently exceeded, which justifies concern about the health effects of ozone at ambient concentrations. We studied upper airways inflammation after ozone exposure in 44 children by repeated nasal lavages fr... | 0 |
41,230 | Three-dimensional analysis of lung structure and its application to pulmonary dosimetry models | Mercer, RR; Crapo, JD | 1,993 | null | 0 |
37,643 | Trends and patterns in lake acidification in the state of Vermont: evidence from the long-term monitoring project | Stoddard, JL; Kellogg, JH | 1,993 | Twenty-four low acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) lakes in Vermont have been monitored since 1980 to characterize their chemical variability, and to determine if they exhibit temporal trends in acid/base chemistry. Many of the lakes exhibit significant decreasing trends in SO42- and base cation (C(B)) concentrations, bu... | 0 |
43,236 | Growth responses of ponderosa pine to long-term exposure to ozone, wet and dry acidic deposition, and drought | Temple, PJ; Riechers, GH; Miller, PR; Lennox, RW | 1,993 | A 3-year field study of the cumulative effects of ozone (O3), wet and dry acidic deposition, and soil water availability was conducted on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) in the Sierra Nevada of California from 1988 to 1990. Thirty-six 2-year-old potted seedlings were placed in each of 30 chambers and exposed fro... | 0 |
2,305 | Achieving acceptable air quality: some reflections on controlling vehicle emissions | Calvert, JG; Heywood, JB; Sawyer, RF; Seinfeld, JH | 1,993 | null | 0 |
42,917 | Product formation from the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals and O3 with "beta"-phellandrene | Hakola, H; Shorees, B; Arey, J; Atkinson, R | 1,993 | 4-Isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one was identified as a product of the gas-phase reactions of beta-phellandrene with OH radicals (in the presence of NO(x)) and with ozone, and formation yields of 0.29 +/- 0.07 and 0.29 +/- 0.06, respectively, were determined. Sampling several 500-L volumes from the reaction chamber onto pol... | 0 |
50,180 | An improved direct method of rubber cracking analysis for estimating 24-hour ozone levels | Serrano, E; Castro, M; Macias, A | 1,993 | None of the numerous referenced experiments carried out since the 1940s for the study of the characteristic ozone-induced cracking that occurs on the surface of rubber materials subjected to strain, are appropriate for the estimation of moderate to low ozone concentrations in air over 24-h periods. Given this situati... | 0 |
43,919 | Assessment of heart rate as a predictor of ventilation | Samet, JM; Lambert, WE; James, DS; Mermier, CM; Chick, TW | 1,993 | null | 0 |
52,244 | Reply [to Comment on "Indications of photochemical histories of Pacific air masses from measurements of atmospheric trace species at Point Arena, California" by D D Parrish et al] | Parrish, DD; Hahn, CJ; Williams, EJ; Norton, RB; Fehsenfeld, FC; Singh, HB; Shetter, JD; Gandrud, BW; Ridley, BA | 1,993 | null | 0 |
57,726 | Evidence for large upward trends of ultraviolet-B radiation linked to ozone depletion | Kerr, JB; Mcelroy, CT | 1,993 | Spectral measurements of ultraviolet-B radiation made at Toronto since 1989 indicate that the intensity of light at wavelengths near 300 nanometers has increased by 35 percent per year in winter and 7 percent per year in summer. The wavelength dependence of these trends indicates that the increase is caused by the down... | 0 |
43,721 | Regressor diagnostics for the errors-in-variables model--an application to the health effects of pollution | Klepper, S; Kamlet, MS; Frank, RG | 1,993 | Diagnostics designed to probe the biases in regressor coefficient estimates due to measurement error in the regressors are applied to two studies of the health effects of pollution exposure. The diagnostics indicate that inferences about the effects of pollution exposure are more sensitive to measurement error in the s... | 0 |
80,093 | Foliar gas exchange responses of two deciduous hardwoods during 3 years of growth in elevated CO2: no loss of photosynthetic enhancement | Gunderson, CA; Norby, RJ; Wullschleger, SD | 1,993 | null | 0 |
46,642 | The greenhouse effect: the impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2), ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation and ozone (O3) on vegetation (crops) | Krupa, SV; Kickert, RN | 1,993 | null | 0 |
38,843 | Comparison of nonmethane organic compound concentration data collected by two methods in Atlanta | Shreffler, JH | 1,993 | Journal article. | 0 |
594,575 | Assessing ozone effects on plants native to the southeastern United States | Neufield, H; Renfro, J; Huang, S; Hacker, W; Mangis, D; Chappelka, A; Hogsett, W; Herstrom, A; Laurence, J; Lee, E; Wever, J; Tingey, D | 1,993 | For the last six years, the U.S. National Park Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and University researchers have been documenting the effects of ozone on a large number of woody and herbaceous species native to the southeastern United States. n Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), ozone levels exhib... | 0 |
28,633 | Using hydrogen peroxide or ozone to enhance the incineration of volatile organic vapors | Martinez, A; Geiger, C; Hewett, M; Clausen, CA; Cooper, CD | 1,993 | BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The destruction of certain hazardous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) by incineration requires high temperatures and long residence times. This oxidation process occurs by a complex series of chemical reactions, initiated and propagated by the reactive radicals: hydroxyl (OH), oxygen atom... | 0 |
43,897 | Dry deposition of nitrogen-dioxide and ozone to coniferous forests | Rondon, A; Johansson, C; Granat, L | 1,993 | The exchange of NO2, NO, and O3 between the atmosphere and coniferous forests has been studied by using a dynamic flow-through chamber technique. The measurements were performed during summer at two coniferous forest sites in Sweden, Jadraas (Scots pine) and Simlangsdalen (Scots pine and Norway spruce). In Simlangsdal... | 0 |
44,175 | Detection of chronic respiratory bronchiolitis in oxidant-exposed populations: analogy to tobacco smoke exposure | Bates, DV | 1,993 | null | 0 |
30,280 | Effects of ozone exposure on resistance of wheat genotypes to Phrenophora tritici-repentis | Sah, DN; von Tiedemann, A; Fehrmann, H | 1,993 | Three spring wheat genotypes, susceptible, moderately resistant or resistant to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (tan spot fungus) were exposed to charcoal-filtered air and to approx. 80, 160, 240 Ag m3 ozone for five consecutive days (7 h per day). Visible leaf injury on seedling plants (three-leaf stage) was only observe... | 0 |
44,069 | Method development and field measurements for polar volatile organic compounds in ambient air | Kelly, TJ; Callahan, PJ; Pleil, J; Evans, GF | 1,993 | BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. This paper reports on a program which had two main objectives: (1) to develop an analytical method for polar volatile organic compounds (PVOCs) in ambient air using sample collection in canisters and (2) to perform PVOC analysis on ambient air samples collected at two sites formerly used i... | 0 |
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