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unlearned with practice After performing the following exercises you will be able to
comfortably be outdoors with your eyes completely open The most basic exercise is to increase
your exposure try to position yourself in just the right amount of indirect sunlight to let you
bask in it wideeyed After a while youll be able to expose yourself to brighter and brighter
light without squinting
Eye Exercise WideEyed Sunlight Exposure
Go outside during the day and find a place in the shade where you can comfortably open
your eyes all the way Make sure that you arent squinting or raising or lowering your brow
Remain wideeyed for at least five minutes The next time you practice try to find a place
that is a little bit brighter
Eye Exercise Sunlight Through Closed Eyes
Allow yourself to sit or lie in the sun with the sunlight hitting your face Close your upper lids
without squinting The sun should be hitting your eyelids It should be very bright and you
should be seeing red Make sure never to look directly at the sun itself even with your eyes
closed Breathe diaphragmatically Remain in the sun for a full minute Over time practice
will allow you to tolerate more sunlight and improve the look of your eyes making them
healthier calmer and wider You might consider performing this exercise from behind a
window or car windshield to partially reduce your exposure to UV rays
Studies have shown a significant relationship between depression and diminished exposure
to sunlight The opposite is also true increased exposure to sunlight may ameliorate some
forms of depression and even common malaise Traditional forms of light therapy which use
bright artificial lights have shown great promise believe that this therapy is efficacious
because it teaches patients to become comfortable without squinting and tightening the face
in the presence of bright light Unfortunately this form of clinical therapy does not explicitly
address squinting However you can and using the sun you can do it at no cost Pairing bright
light exposure with diaphragmatic breathing while remaining wideeyed could help make you a
brighter happier person
It can be hard to maintain your new wideeyed facial posture in social situations One way
to support your practice is through the strategic use of sunglasses If the sun is making you
squint put them on If you enter a social situation in which you know you are likely to squint
put them on Then with the sunglasses on open your eyes as wide as possible This will train
you to feel comfortable keeping your eyes wide while speaking to and interacting with others
By the time you choose to take the sunglasses off your eyes will be large and peaceful
Chapter Hold a Steady Upward Gaze with Wide Eyes
Refrain from Chronically Raising the Brow
The next thing to focus on is the position of your eyebrows Most of us cannot widen our eyes
without raising the brow and many people squint automatically when they let their eyebrows
relax This is because widening the eyes is not submissive while raising the eyebrows is and we
are conditioned by social experience to balance one with the other We offer submissively
raised brows as a peace offering to compensate for wide eyes The problem of course is that in
doing so we are simply trading one form of tension for another
The biological details are interesting The eyebrows are raised using a contraction of the
frontalis muscle which controls the movement of the forehead Among many mammalsand
primates especiallyit is an appeasement display while lowering the eyebrows in a frown is a
display of dominance The frown uses the procerus muscle to pull down the inner brows which
are then drawn together by the corrugator supercilii Together those two movements induce
furrows in the lower forehead
Evidence regarding the social effects of eyebrow posture is compelling The brows are
generally raised in primates low in the hierarchy and lowered in those high in the hierarchy
Raised brows correlate with the tendency to flee during disputes among human children
People rate pictures of models with lowered brows as more dominant than models with relaxed
or raised brows Monkeys seem to feel the same way Rhesus monkeys submissively avoid the
gaze of humans with lowered brows but gaze at humans with raised brows for prolonged
periods The question is Why are raised eyebrows subordinating Researcher Caroline Keating
offers one possible explanation
Some expressions characterizing the dominance encounters of nonhuman primates involve
eyebrow position Generally the brows are lowered on dominant or threatening individuals
and raised on submissive or receptive individuals Theorists have speculated on the
evolutionary origins of facial gestures Darwin believed that many expressions evolved from
serviceable associated habits or preparatory responses associated with attack defense
locomotion or changes in visual or respiratory functioning Several current theorists agree
Selective pressures apparently shaped certain elements of preparatory or supportive
responses into displays that reflected the original impetus of the behavior Thus submissive
brow raising may have evolved by originally aiding the visual scanning of animals in
threatening circumstances Because lowered brows protect the eyes from physical harm
and facilitate nearfocusing during attack perhaps this behavior evolved as a dominance
gesture by forecasting physical aggression
It is thought that our propensity to raise and lower our brows may derive from ear
movements used by our ancestors before they lost muscular control of their ears Many
specialists believe that raising the eyebrows is a throwback to the ear retraction reflex that
pulls the ears backward Ears back is a submissive display seen in most mammals In contrast
lowering the brow likely originates from ear protraction which pushes the ears forward and is
an assertive display in many mammals Like direct eye gaze ears forward communicates that
the sensory apparatus is focused on assertive or predatory action Stated simply the animal
chasing has it ears forward the animal being chased has its ears back
PROGRAM PEACE Self Care Exercises to Reprogram Your Mind and Body
Illustration Eyebrows lowered B Eyebrows raised C Cat on top with ears forward cat on the bottom with
ears back
Whether you are raising or lowering your eyebrows doing so too frequently for too long
will lead to muscular strain and psychological tension As we will discuss in Chapter the
optimal posture is neutral eyebrows and wide eyes Again this involves relaxing the frontalis
and the orbicularis oculi and lightly and infrequently contracting the eyelidwidening
levator palpebrae
Practice Frowning and Glaring to Increase Nonverbal Dominance
You should make an effort to become comfortable frowning and glaring Body language experts
agree that frowning measured by the decreased distance between the eyebrows and the
pupils is strongly associated with dominance and leadership Unfortunately many of us are
afraid to frown because frowning in a social situation involuntarily recruits the stress response
You can conquer that reaction using the next exercise
Exercise reduces eyebrow raising and increases the size and tone of the frowning
muscles Someone who appears accustomed to frowning ie who does it spontaneously and
effortlessly comes across as someone who has spent a lot of time being in charge When you
start using your new frown around people dont use it to intimidate but rather to express
empathy or resolve Do it the way the king of the jungle an empress or a superhero might
do it
Eye Exercise Relaxed Frowning
Spend five minutes frowning as hard as you can while engaging in paced breathing Holding a
firm contraction in the procerus may feel very awkward and may even sting but it will
reprogram you not to be afraid to use this highly dominant display Keep your eyes wide the
rest of your face relaxed and your breaths coming in deep and long