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SQuAD
Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and trains the choirboys who sin...
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When were the Benedictine monks required to maintain a charity school?
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{ "text": [ "1179" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 256 ], "end": [ 259 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 45 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ] }
[ "1179" ]
SQuAD
Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and trains the choirboys who sin...
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592eae4fc72244b1b05fce69aedc262d
The choirboys of the abbey are trained where?
{ "tokens": [ "The", "choirboys", "of", "the", "abbey", "are", "trained", "where", "?" ], "offsets": [ 0, 4, 14, 17, 21, 27, 31, 39, 44 ] }
{ "text": [ "Westminster Abbey Choir School" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 23 ], "end": [ 52 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 3 ], "end": [ 6 ] } ] }
[ "Westminster Abbey Choir School" ]
SQuAD
The abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic na...
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What was the abbey to Norman kings?
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{ "text": [ "coronation site" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 21 ], "end": [ 35 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 5 ] } ] }
[ "coronation site" ]
SQuAD
The abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic na...
{ "tokens": [ "The", "abbey", "became", "the", "coronation", "site", "of", "Norman", "kings", ".", "None", "were", "buried", "there", "until", "Henry", "III", ",", "intensely", "devoted", "to", "the", "cult", "of", "th...
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What architect continued work on the abbey?
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{ "text": [ "Henry Yevele" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 495 ], "end": [ 506 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 92 ], "end": [ 93 ] } ] }
[ "Henry Yevele" ]
SQuAD
The abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic na...
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Who was reigning when Henry Yevele finished his work on the abbey?
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{ "text": [ "Richard II" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 524 ], "end": [ 533 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 98 ], "end": [ 99 ] } ] }
[ "Richard II" ]
SQuAD
The abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic na...
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What kind of pavement was commissioned for in front of the High Altar?
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{ "text": [ "Cosmati" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 571 ], "end": [ 577 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 106 ], "end": [ 106 ] } ] }
[ "Cosmati" ]
SQuAD
The abbey became the coronation site of Norman kings. None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic na...
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What played a large role in King Edward the Confessor's canonisation?
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{ "text": [ "The Confessor's shrine" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 335 ], "end": [ 356 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 65 ], "end": [ 68 ] } ] }
[ "The Confessor's shrine" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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What architectural design was St Peter's abbey considered?
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{ "text": [ "Romanesque style" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 177 ], "end": [ 192 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 33 ], "end": [ 34 ] } ] }
[ "Romanesque style" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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What year was the building finished?
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{ "text": [ "1090" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 239 ], "end": [ 242 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 43 ], "end": [ 43 ] } ] }
[ "1090" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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What was the date of the Abbey's coronation?
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{ "text": [ "28 December 1065" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 267 ], "end": [ 282 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "28 December 1065" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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Who was the first recorded coronation at the Abbey?
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{ "text": [ "William the Conqueror" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 555 ], "end": [ 575 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 107 ], "end": [ 109 ] } ] }
[ "William the Conqueror" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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What King restored the Abbey in the years 1042 and 1052?
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{ "text": [ "King Edward the Confessor" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 22 ], "end": [ 46 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 7 ] } ] }
[ "King Edward the Confessor" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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Who rebuilt the abbey for a burial church?
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{ "text": [ "King Edward the Confessor" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 22 ], "end": [ 46 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 7 ] } ] }
[ "King Edward the Confessor" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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What style was the church rebuilt in?
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{ "text": [ "Romanesque" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 177 ], "end": [ 186 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 33 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "Romanesque" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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When was the building consecrated?
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{ "text": [ "28 December 1065" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 267 ], "end": [ 282 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "28 December 1065" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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When did King Edward the Confessor die?
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{ "text": [ "5 January 1066" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 322 ], "end": [ 335 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 62 ] } ] }
[ "5 January 1066" ]
SQuAD
Between 1042 and 1052 King Edward the Confessor began rebuilding St Peter's Abbey to provide himself with a royal burial church. It was the first church in England built in the Romanesque style. The building was not completed until around 1090 but was consecrated on 28 December 1065, only a week before Edward's death o...
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Who was the first documented coronation?
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{ "text": [ "William the Conqueror" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 555 ], "end": [ 575 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 107 ], "end": [ 109 ] } ] }
[ "William the Conqueror" ]
SQuAD
In 1982 and 1987, Harrison and Harrison enlarged the organ under the direction of the then abbey organist Simon Preston to include an additional Lower Choir Organ and a Bombarde Organ: the current instrument now has five manuals and 109 speaking stops. In 2006, the console of the organ was refurbished by Harrison and H...
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What part of the organ is not connected or playable?
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{ "text": [ "the Celestial Organ" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 460 ], "end": [ 478 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 86 ], "end": [ 88 ] } ] }
[ "the Celestial Organ" ]
SQuAD
The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI. Some pipework from the previous Hill organ of 1848 was revoiced and incorporated in the new scheme. The two organ cases, designed in the late 19th centur...
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Who built the organ?
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{ "text": [ "Harrison & Harrison" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 23 ], "end": [ 41 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 5 ], "end": [ 7 ] } ] }
[ "Harrison & Harrison" ]
SQuAD
The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI. Some pipework from the previous Hill organ of 1848 was revoiced and incorporated in the new scheme. The two organ cases, designed in the late 19th centur...
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When was the organ built?
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{ "text": [ "1937" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 46 ], "end": [ 49 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 9 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ] }
[ "1937" ]
SQuAD
The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI. Some pipework from the previous Hill organ of 1848 was revoiced and incorporated in the new scheme. The two organ cases, designed in the late 19th centur...
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When was the organ first used?
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{ "text": [ "the coronation of King George VI" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 133 ], "end": [ 164 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 28 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "the coronation of King George VI" ]
SQuAD
The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI. Some pipework from the previous Hill organ of 1848 was revoiced and incorporated in the new scheme. The two organ cases, designed in the late 19th centur...
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What was included in the new organ from the previous Hill organ of 1848?
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{ "text": [ "pipework" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 172 ], "end": [ 179 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 36 ], "end": [ 36 ] } ] }
[ "pipework" ]
SQuAD
The organ was built by Harrison & Harrison in 1937, then with four manuals and 84 speaking stops, and was used for the first time at the coronation of King George VI. Some pipework from the previous Hill organ of 1848 was revoiced and incorporated in the new scheme. The two organ cases, designed in the late 19th centur...
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Who designed the two organ cases?
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{ "text": [ "John Loughborough Pearson" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 325 ], "end": [ 349 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 65 ], "end": [ 67 ] } ] }
[ "John Loughborough Pearson" ]
SQuAD
Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scie...
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Oliver Cromwell began buring national figures in the abbey starting with whom?
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{ "text": [ "Admiral Robert Blake" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 210 ], "end": [ 229 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 39 ] } ] }
[ "Admiral Robert Blake" ]
SQuAD
Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scie...
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Who was buried in the abbey on 4 April 1727?
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{ "text": [ "Isaac Newton" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 335 ], "end": [ 346 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 59 ], "end": [ 60 ] } ] }
[ "Isaac Newton" ]
SQuAD
Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scie...
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Who was buried in the abbey on 26 April 1882?
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{ "text": [ "Charles Darwin" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 377 ], "end": [ 390 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 69 ], "end": [ 70 ] } ] }
[ "Charles Darwin" ]
SQuAD
Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scie...
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Who was buried in the abbey on 3 August 1833?
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{ "text": [ "William Wilberforce" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 427 ], "end": [ 445 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 79 ], "end": [ 80 ] } ] }
[ "William Wilberforce" ]
SQuAD
In addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the...
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How many lay vicars are there?
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{ "text": [ "12" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 564 ], "end": [ 565 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 113 ], "end": [ 113 ] } ] }
[ "12" ]
SQuAD
In addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the...
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How many choristers are there at the abbey?
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{ "text": [ "10" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 579 ], "end": [ 580 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 117 ], "end": [ 117 ] } ] }
[ "10" ]
SQuAD
In addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the...
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When was the office of Priest Vicar created?
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{ "text": [ "1970s" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 175 ], "end": [ 179 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 38 ], "end": [ 38 ] } ] }
[ "1970s" ]
SQuAD
As the center of the empire, early-Ming Nanjing had worldwide connections. It was home of the admiral Zheng He, who went to sail the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it was visited by foreign dignitaries, such as a king from Borneo (Boni 渤泥), who died during his visit to China in 1408. The Tomb of the King of Boni, with ...
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What Admiral called Nanjing his home?
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{ "text": [ "admiral Zheng He" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 94 ], "end": [ 109 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 20 ], "end": [ 22 ] } ] }
[ "admiral Zheng He" ]
SQuAD
As the center of the empire, early-Ming Nanjing had worldwide connections. It was home of the admiral Zheng He, who went to sail the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it was visited by foreign dignitaries, such as a king from Borneo (Boni 渤泥), who died during his visit to China in 1408. The Tomb of the King of Boni, with ...
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What visiting king died in China in 1408?
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{ "text": [ "(Boni 渤泥)" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 230 ], "end": [ 238 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 51 ] } ] }
[ "(Boni 渤泥)" ]
SQuAD
As the center of the empire, early-Ming Nanjing had worldwide connections. It was home of the admiral Zheng He, who went to sail the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it was visited by foreign dignitaries, such as a king from Borneo (Boni 渤泥), who died during his visit to China in 1408. The Tomb of the King of Boni, with ...
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What country did this visiting king come from?
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{ "text": [ "Borneo" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 223 ], "end": [ 228 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 47 ], "end": [ 47 ] } ] }
[ "Borneo" ]
SQuAD
As the center of the empire, early-Ming Nanjing had worldwide connections. It was home of the admiral Zheng He, who went to sail the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it was visited by foreign dignitaries, such as a king from Borneo (Boni 渤泥), who died during his visit to China in 1408. The Tomb of the King of Boni, with ...
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What stele is at Boni's tomb?
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{ "text": [ "a tortoise stele" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 337 ], "end": [ 352 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 76 ], "end": [ 78 ] } ] }
[ "a tortoise stele" ]
SQuAD
The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. He constructed a 48 km (30 mi) long city wall around Yingtian, as well as a new Ming Palace complex, and government halls. It took 2...
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Who was the first emperor of the Ming dynasty?
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{ "text": [ "Zhu Yuanzhang" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 39 ], "end": [ 51 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ] }
[ "Zhu Yuanzhang" ]
SQuAD
The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. He constructed a 48 km (30 mi) long city wall around Yingtian, as well as a new Ming Palace complex, and government halls. It took 2...
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Who did Zhu Yuanzhang defeat?
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{ "text": [ "the Yuan dynasty" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 89 ], "end": [ 104 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 18 ], "end": [ 20 ] } ] }
[ "the Yuan dynasty" ]
SQuAD
The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. He constructed a 48 km (30 mi) long city wall around Yingtian, as well as a new Ming Palace complex, and government halls. It took 2...
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aeb18c6c65e1489c828aa6fb6da933ef
What did Zhu Yuanzhang build around the city of Nanjing?
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{ "text": [ "long city wall" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 219 ], "end": [ 232 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "long city wall" ]
SQuAD
The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. He constructed a 48 km (30 mi) long city wall around Yingtian, as well as a new Ming Palace complex, and government halls. It took 2...
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bd6fb5fc847c4b02824be73c07d85014
How long did it take to finish the wall?
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{ "text": [ "21 years" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 336 ], "end": [ 343 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 71 ], "end": [ 72 ] } ] }
[ "21 years" ]
SQuAD
The first emperor of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), who overthrew the Yuan dynasty, renamed the city Yingtian, rebuilt it, and made it the dynastic capital in 1368. He constructed a 48 km (30 mi) long city wall around Yingtian, as well as a new Ming Palace complex, and government halls. It took 2...
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9b9dd946b3e5425c93ee155e00333bf5
How many workers worked on the wall?
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{ "text": [ "200,000" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 319 ], "end": [ 325 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 69 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ] }
[ "200,000" ]
SQuAD
Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (...
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In what century was the term matter defined excluding energy phenomena like light and sound?
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{ "text": [ "20th" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 14 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 2 ], "end": [ 2 ] } ] }
[ "20th" ]
SQuAD
Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (...
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1a7a337ecd8b4ea98f7cacf02ae9e281
What term is used for the substance that composes all observable physical objects?
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{ "text": [ "matter" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 34 ], "end": [ 39 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 7 ], "end": [ 7 ] } ] }
[ "matter" ]
SQuAD
Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (...
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The mass of an object can come from the motion of its constituents or what other source?
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{ "text": [ "interaction energies" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 364 ], "end": [ 383 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 68 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ] }
[ "interaction energies" ]
SQuAD
Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (...
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What term is used to describe the type of definition that matter would have if all scientists could agree on its definition?
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{ "text": [ "universal" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 415 ], "end": [ 423 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 78 ] } ] }
[ "universal" ]
SQuAD
Before the 20th century, the term matter included ordinary matter composed of atoms and excluded other energy phenomena such as light or sound. This concept of matter may be generalized from atoms to include any objects having mass even when at rest, but this is ill-defined because an object's mass can arise from its (...
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Prior to the 20th century, the definition of matter included any object that had mass even when it was in what state?
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{ "text": [ "at rest" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 242 ], "end": [ 248 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 43 ] } ] }
[ "at rest" ]
SQuAD
All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t...
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What kind of particles make up every object in the world that can be touched?
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{ "text": [ "atoms" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 91 ], "end": [ 95 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 18 ], "end": [ 18 ] } ] }
[ "atoms" ]
SQuAD
All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t...
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dd3f2eb941194c91bc4b4d0ed9ff12d7
The smaller particles that make up atoms, like protons and neutrons, are what kind of particles?
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{ "text": [ "subatomic" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 151 ], "end": [ 159 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 30 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ] }
[ "subatomic" ]
SQuAD
All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t...
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What subatomic particle has no volume or rest mass?
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{ "text": [ "photons" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 397 ], "end": [ 403 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 73 ], "end": [ 73 ] } ] }
[ "photons" ]
SQuAD
All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t...
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1fd7569e949f4620ab6f87a3e3e56543
What kind of particles are quarks and leptons?
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{ "text": [ "point particles" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 651 ], "end": [ 665 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 119 ], "end": [ 120 ] } ] }
[ "point particles" ]
SQuAD
All the objects from everyday life that we can bump into, touch or squeeze are composed of atoms. This atomic matter is in turn made up of interacting subatomic particles—usually a nucleus of protons and neutrons, and a cloud of orbiting electrons. Typically, science considers these composite particles matter because t...
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Despite not having size or volume themselves, quarks and leptons contribute to what measure of composite particles in matter?
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[ "volume" ]
SQuAD
In addition there are two service bells, cast by Robert Mot, in 1585 and 1598 respectively, a Sanctus bell cast in 1738 by Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester and two unused bells—one cast about 1320, by the successor to R de Wymbish, and a second cast in 1742, by Thomas Lester. The two service bells and the 1320 bell, al...
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Who cast the two service bells?
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{ "text": [ "Robert Mot" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 49 ], "end": [ 58 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 10 ], "end": [ 11 ] } ] }
[ "Robert Mot" ]
SQuAD
In addition there are two service bells, cast by Robert Mot, in 1585 and 1598 respectively, a Sanctus bell cast in 1738 by Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester and two unused bells—one cast about 1320, by the successor to R de Wymbish, and a second cast in 1742, by Thomas Lester. The two service bells and the 1320 bell, al...
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When were the two service bells cast?
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{ "text": [ "1585 and 1598" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 64 ], "end": [ 76 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 14 ], "end": [ 16 ] } ] }
[ "1585 and 1598" ]
SQuAD
In addition there are two service bells, cast by Robert Mot, in 1585 and 1598 respectively, a Sanctus bell cast in 1738 by Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester and two unused bells—one cast about 1320, by the successor to R de Wymbish, and a second cast in 1742, by Thomas Lester. The two service bells and the 1320 bell, al...
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When was the Sanctus bell cast?
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{ "text": [ "1738" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 115 ], "end": [ 118 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 24 ] } ] }
[ "1738" ]
SQuAD
In addition there are two service bells, cast by Robert Mot, in 1585 and 1598 respectively, a Sanctus bell cast in 1738 by Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester and two unused bells—one cast about 1320, by the successor to R de Wymbish, and a second cast in 1742, by Thomas Lester. The two service bells and the 1320 bell, al...
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Who cast the Sanctus bell?
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{ "text": [ "Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 123 ], "end": [ 154 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 26 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ] }
[ "Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester" ]
SQuAD
In addition there are two service bells, cast by Robert Mot, in 1585 and 1598 respectively, a Sanctus bell cast in 1738 by Richard Phelps and Thomas Lester and two unused bells—one cast about 1320, by the successor to R de Wymbish, and a second cast in 1742, by Thomas Lester. The two service bells and the 1320 bell, al...
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Where is the "dish bell" kept?
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{ "text": [ "in the refectory" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 369 ], "end": [ 384 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 81 ], "end": [ 83 ] } ] }
[ "in the refectory" ]
SQuAD
Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone...
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What style is the octagonal chapter house?
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{ "text": [ "Geometrical Gothic style" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 127 ], "end": [ 150 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 23 ], "end": [ 25 ] } ] }
[ "Geometrical Gothic style" ]
SQuAD
Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone...
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There is an octagonal what below the chapter house?
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{ "text": [ "crypt" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 170 ], "end": [ 174 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 29 ], "end": [ 29 ] } ] }
[ "crypt" ]
SQuAD
Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone...
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What kind of ceiling is in the chapter house?
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{ "text": [ "vaulted" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 218 ], "end": [ 224 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 39 ], "end": [ 39 ] } ] }
[ "vaulted" ]
SQuAD
Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone...
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What kind of windows are in the chapter house?
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{ "text": [ "4-light quatre-foiled windows" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 362 ], "end": [ 390 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 64 ], "end": [ 68 ] } ] }
[ "4-light quatre-foiled windows" ]
SQuAD
Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone...
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The architecture of the chapter house is contemporary with what?
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{ "text": [ "the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 431 ], "end": [ 456 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 75 ], "end": [ 80 ] } ] }
[ "the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris" ]
SQuAD
The bells at the abbey were overhauled in 1971. The ring is now made up of ten bells, hung for change ringing, cast in 1971, by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, tuned to the notes: F#, E, D, C#, B, A, G, F#, E and D. The Tenor bell in D (588.5 Hz) has a weight of 30 cwt, 1 qtr, 15 lb (3403 lb or 1544 kg).
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When were the bells overhauled?
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{ "text": [ "1971" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 8 ] } ] }
[ "1971" ]
SQuAD
The bells at the abbey were overhauled in 1971. The ring is now made up of ten bells, hung for change ringing, cast in 1971, by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, tuned to the notes: F#, E, D, C#, B, A, G, F#, E and D. The Tenor bell in D (588.5 Hz) has a weight of 30 cwt, 1 qtr, 15 lb (3403 lb or 1544 kg).
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When were the ten bells cast?
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{ "text": [ "1971" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 8 ] } ] }
[ "1971" ]
SQuAD
The bells at the abbey were overhauled in 1971. The ring is now made up of ten bells, hung for change ringing, cast in 1971, by the Whitechapel Bell Foundry, tuned to the notes: F#, E, D, C#, B, A, G, F#, E and D. The Tenor bell in D (588.5 Hz) has a weight of 30 cwt, 1 qtr, 15 lb (3403 lb or 1544 kg).
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Who cast the abbey bells?
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{ "text": [ "Whitechapel Bell Foundry" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 132 ], "end": [ 155 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 31 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "Whitechapel Bell Foundry" ]
SQuAD
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa...
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What are the effigies made of?
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{ "text": [ "wax" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 6 ], "end": [ 8 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 1 ] } ] }
[ "wax" ]
SQuAD
Later wax effigies include a likeness of Horatio, Viscount Nelson, wearing some of his own clothes and another of Prime Minister William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, modelled by the American-born sculptor Patience Wright.[citation needed] During recent conservation of Elizabeth I's effigy, a unique corset dating from 1603 wa...
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What is the effigy of Viscount Nelson wearing?
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{ "text": [ "some of his own clothes" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 75 ], "end": [ 97 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 17 ] } ] }
[ "some of his own clothes" ]
SQuAD
Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings...
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Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of whom?
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{ "text": [ "Edward the Confessor" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 56 ], "end": [ 75 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 12 ], "end": [ 14 ] } ] }
[ "Edward the Confessor" ]
SQuAD
Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings...
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When did George II of Great Britain die?
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{ "text": [ "1760" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 304 ], "end": [ 307 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 60 ] } ] }
[ "1760" ]
SQuAD
Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings...
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Who was Edward the Confessor?
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{ "text": [ "a royal saint" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 41 ], "end": [ 53 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 10 ] } ] }
[ "a royal saint" ]
SQuAD
Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings...
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Where was Henry VI buried?
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{ "text": [ "St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 452 ], "end": [ 487 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 91 ], "end": [ 97 ] } ] }
[ "St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle" ]
SQuAD
Henry III rebuilt the abbey in honour of a royal saint, Edward the Confessor, whose relics were placed in a shrine in the sanctuary. Henry III himself was interred nearby, as were many of the Plantagenet kings of England, their wives and other relatives. Until the death of George II of Great Britain in 1760, most kings...
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Where was Richard III buried?
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{ "text": [ "Leicester Cathedral" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 542 ], "end": [ 560 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 108 ], "end": [ 109 ] } ] }
[ "Leicester Cathedral" ]
SQuAD
Zhu Yousong, however, fared a lot worse than his ancestor Zhu Yuanzhang three centuries earlier. Beset by factional conflicts, his regime could not offer effective resistance to Qing forces, when the Qing army, led by the Manchu prince Dodo approached Jiangnan the next spring. Days after Yangzhou fell to the Manchus in...
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When did the Hongguang Emperor leave Nanjing, having been defeated?
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{ "text": [ "late May 1645" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 321 ], "end": [ 333 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 59 ], "end": [ 61 ] } ] }
[ "late May 1645" ]
SQuAD
Zhu Yousong, however, fared a lot worse than his ancestor Zhu Yuanzhang three centuries earlier. Beset by factional conflicts, his regime could not offer effective resistance to Qing forces, when the Qing army, led by the Manchu prince Dodo approached Jiangnan the next spring. Days after Yangzhou fell to the Manchus in...
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Who surrendered Nanjing to invaders on June 6?
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{ "text": [ "Zhao the Earl of Xincheng" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 519 ], "end": [ 543 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 99 ], "end": [ 103 ] } ] }
[ "Zhao the Earl of Xincheng" ]
SQuAD
Zhu Yousong, however, fared a lot worse than his ancestor Zhu Yuanzhang three centuries earlier. Beset by factional conflicts, his regime could not offer effective resistance to Qing forces, when the Qing army, led by the Manchu prince Dodo approached Jiangnan the next spring. Days after Yangzhou fell to the Manchus in...
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What did the Manchu's make all the men in the city do?
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{ "text": [ "shave their heads" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 644 ], "end": [ 660 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 123 ], "end": [ 125 ] } ] }
[ "shave their heads" ]
SQuAD
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
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What was recently added to the museum exhibit?
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{ "text": [ "13th-century Westminster Retable" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 79 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 9 ], "end": [ 13 ] } ] }
[ "13th-century Westminster Retable" ]
SQuAD
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
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What is the Westminster Retable?
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[ "England's oldest altarpiece" ]
SQuAD
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
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What was the altarpiece designed for?
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[ "high altar of the abbey" ]
SQuAD
A recent addition to the exhibition is the late 13th-century Westminster Retable, England's oldest altarpiece, which was most probably designed for the high altar of the abbey. Although it has been damaged in past centuries, the panel has been expertly cleaned and conserved.
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What was damaged but cleaned and then conserved?
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[ "altarpiece" ]
SQuAD
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
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What is located in the vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory?
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{ "text": [ "The Westminster Abbey Museum" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 27 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 3 ] } ] }
[ "The Westminster Abbey Museum" ]
SQuAD
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
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The area the museum occupies dates back to when?
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[ "1065" ]
SQuAD
The Westminster Abbey Museum is located in the 11th-century vaulted undercroft beneath the former monks' dormitory in Westminster Abbey. This is one of the oldest areas of the abbey, dating back almost to the foundation of the church by Edward the Confessor in 1065. This space has been used as a museum since 1908.
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The vaulted undercroft beneath the monks' dormitory has been a museum since when?
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[ "1908" ]
SQuAD
The Pyx Chamber formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory. It dates to the late 11th century and was used as a monastic and royal treasury. The outer walls and circular piers are of 11th-century date, several of the capitals were enriched in the 12th century and the stone altar added in the 13th century. The term p...
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What formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory?
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[ "The Pyx Chamber" ]
SQuAD
The Pyx Chamber formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory. It dates to the late 11th century and was used as a monastic and royal treasury. The outer walls and circular piers are of 11th-century date, several of the capitals were enriched in the 12th century and the stone altar added in the 13th century. The term p...
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When does the Pyx Chamber date to?
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{ "text": [ "the late 11th century" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 75 ], "end": [ 95 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 15 ], "end": [ 18 ] } ] }
[ "the late 11th century" ]
SQuAD
The Pyx Chamber formed the undercroft of the monks' dormitory. It dates to the late 11th century and was used as a monastic and royal treasury. The outer walls and circular piers are of 11th-century date, several of the capitals were enriched in the 12th century and the stone altar added in the 13th century. The term p...
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When were newly minted coins presented to ensure they met standards?
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[ "the Trial of the Pyx" ]
SQuAD
The chapter house has an original mid-13th-century tiled pavement. A door within the vestibule dates from around 1050 and is believed to be the oldest in England.[citation needed] The exterior includes flying buttresses added in the 14th century and a leaded tent-lantern roof on an iron frame designed by Scott. The Cha...
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What kind of tiled pavement is in the chapter house?
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[ "mid-13th-century" ]
SQuAD
The chapter house has an original mid-13th-century tiled pavement. A door within the vestibule dates from around 1050 and is believed to be the oldest in England.[citation needed] The exterior includes flying buttresses added in the 14th century and a leaded tent-lantern roof on an iron frame designed by Scott. The Cha...
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A door in the vestible dates back to when?
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[ "1050" ]
SQuAD
The chapter house has an original mid-13th-century tiled pavement. A door within the vestibule dates from around 1050 and is believed to be the oldest in England.[citation needed] The exterior includes flying buttresses added in the 14th century and a leaded tent-lantern roof on an iron frame designed by Scott. The Cha...
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When were the exterior flying buttresses added?
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[ "the 14th century" ]
SQuAD
The chapter house has an original mid-13th-century tiled pavement. A door within the vestibule dates from around 1050 and is believed to be the oldest in England.[citation needed] The exterior includes flying buttresses added in the 14th century and a leaded tent-lantern roof on an iron frame designed by Scott. The Cha...
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Who else met in the chapter house?
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{ "text": [ "King's Great Council and the Commons" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 451 ], "end": [ 486 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 82 ], "end": [ 88 ] } ] }
[ "King's Great Council and the Commons" ]
SQuAD
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar...
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What belonging to Henry V is in the museum?
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[ "funeral saddle, helm and shield" ]
SQuAD
The exhibits include a collection of royal and other funeral effigies (funeral saddle, helm and shield of Henry V), together with other treasures, including some panels of mediaeval glass, 12th-century sculpture fragments, Mary II's coronation chair and replicas of the coronation regalia, and historic effigies of Edwar...
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What kind of panels are in the museum?
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{ "text": [ "panels of mediaeval glass" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 162 ], "end": [ 186 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 30 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "panels of mediaeval glass" ]
SQuAD
It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.
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When was Nanjing considered to be the biggest city in the world?
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[ "from 1358 to 1425" ]
SQuAD
It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.
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What was the number of people in Nanjing in 1400?
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{ "text": [ "487,000" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 101 ], "end": [ 107 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 20 ], "end": [ 20 ] } ] }
[ "487,000" ]
SQuAD
It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.
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When did Nanjing cease to be the capital?
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[ "1421" ]
SQuAD
It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.
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Where was the capital moved to?
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{ "text": [ "Beijing" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 267 ], "end": [ 273 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 52 ], "end": [ 52 ] } ] }
[ "Beijing" ]
SQuAD
It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing.
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Who was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty?
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[ "the Yongle Emperor" ]
SQuAD
During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had...
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How long was Nanjing the capital of the Southern dynasties?
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[ "more than two and a half centuries" ]
SQuAD
During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had...
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During the time of the North–South division, what city was the center of East Asia?
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[ "Nanjing" ]
SQuAD
During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had...
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During the time of the North–South division, how many households were in Nanjing?
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[ "280,000 registered households" ]
SQuAD
During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had...
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What is the estimated population of Nanjing during that time?
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{ "text": [ "more than 1.4 million residents" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 365 ], "end": [ 395 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 67 ], "end": [ 71 ] } ] }
[ "more than 1.4 million residents" ]
SQuAD
During the period of North–South division, Nanjing remained the capital of the Southern dynasties for more than two and a half centuries. During this time, Nanjing was the international hub of East Asia. Based on historical documents, the city had 280,000 registered households. Assuming an average Nanjing household had...
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Where did the information on registered households during that period originate?
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{ "text": [ "historical documents" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 213 ], "end": [ 232 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 41 ], "end": [ 42 ] } ] }
[ "historical documents" ]
SQuAD
Nanjing first became a state capital in 229 AD, when the state of Eastern Wu founded by Sun Quan during the Three Kingdoms period relocated its capital to Jianye (建業), the city extended on the basis of Jinling Yi in 211 AD. Although conquered by the Western Jin dynasty in 280, Nanjing and its neighbouring areas had bee...
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When did Nanjing become a state capital?
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{ "text": [ "229 AD" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 40 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 7 ], "end": [ 8 ] } ] }
[ "229 AD" ]
SQuAD
Nanjing first became a state capital in 229 AD, when the state of Eastern Wu founded by Sun Quan during the Three Kingdoms period relocated its capital to Jianye (建業), the city extended on the basis of Jinling Yi in 211 AD. Although conquered by the Western Jin dynasty in 280, Nanjing and its neighbouring areas had bee...
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Who founded Eastern Wu?
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{ "text": [ "Sun Quan" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 88 ], "end": [ 95 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 18 ], "end": [ 19 ] } ] }
[ "Sun Quan" ]