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earth_science-91/extraction_15.txt | ## An anthropogenic cacophony Sound travels faster and farther in water than in air. Over evolutionary time, many marine organisms have come to rely on sound production, transmission, and reception for key aspects of their lives. These important behaviors are threatened by an increasing cacophony in the marine environm... | |
earth_science-91/extraction_19.txt | Aquatic environments encompass the world’s most extensive habitats, rich with sounds produced by a diversity of animals. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is an increasingly accessible remote sensing technology that uses hydrophones to listen to the underwater world and represents an unprecedented, non-invasive method ... | |
earth_science-91/extraction_24.txt | Bryan Pijanowski wants to capture the sounds of the world on a single day, and he needs your help. On Earth Day, April 22, Pijanowski hopes to enlist thousands of people in recording a few minutes of their everyday surroundings with his Soundscape Recorder smartphone app. All those sonic snippets could create an unprec... | |
arid_area/present_htm4.txt | Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263. DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0130.
Map and data (version June 2006)
The Köppen-Geiger climate map is provided with a spatial resolution of 0.5 degree (30 arc minutes)... | |
arid_area/Earth2.txt |
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Earth
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AcèhАдыгэбзэАдыгабзэAfrikaansAlemannischአማርኛAnarâškielâअंगिकाÆngliscАԥсшәаالعربيةAragonésܐܪܡܝܐԱրեւմտահայերէնArmãneashtiArpetanঅসমীয়াAsturianuAtikamekwअवधीAvañe'ẽАварAymar aruAzərbaycancaتۆرکجهBasa BaliBamanankanবাংলাB... | |
earth_science-92/extraction_0.txt | # 3.7 Islands, Greenland and Antarctica In the spline analyses used to estimate the Ko¨ppen-Geiger climate type for each continent, data from small offshore islands were generally removed prior to analysis, since they tended to influence the splines over the mainland in low station density regions. Therefore, islands l... | |
earth_science-92/extraction_1.txt | # 1.1 A GLOBAL REVIEW OF DESERT WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTIES: PRESENTSITUATION, FUTURE PROSPECTS AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS The purpose of this thematic study is to advise State Parties to the World Heritage Convention on: 1. The scope of desert values already included on the World Heritage List. 2. The potential and pri... | |
earth_science-92/extraction_2.txt | # DRYLANDS Drylands cover 41 per cent of the land surface, produce 44 per cent of the crops, and contain over 2 billion people and half of the world’s livestock. Drylands are often regions of water scarcity yet with immensely rich biodiversity, including some of the most iconic species. They are also home to a diverse ... | |
feel_earthquake/Seismic_intensity_scales4.txt | Characteristics
Epicenter
Epicentral distance
Hypocenter
Shadow zone
Seismic waves
P wave
S wave
Measurement
Seismometer
Seismic magnitude scales
Seismic intensity scales
Prediction
Coordinating Committee forEarthquake Prediction
Forecasting
Other topics
Shear wave splitting
Adams–Williamson equation
Flinn–Engdahl r... | |
earth_science-93/extraction_0.txt | ## Earthquake magnitude and ground-shaking intensity \ [edit\] [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1968_Illinois_earthquake.svg) Isoseismal map for the 1968 Illinois earthquake. The irregular distribution of shaking arises from variations of geology and ground conditions. The Earth's crust is stressed by tectonic for... | |
earth_science-93/extraction_1.txt | ## Alternative Method to determine Richter Magnitude A more direct method to figuring out the result is the following. ### 1\. Mercalli Intensity to Magnitude at distance The first step is the figure out the (Richter) Magnitude the earthquake corresponds to at the distance from the epicenter (origin) it is felt at. To ... | |
earth_science-93/extraction_2.txt | ## Alternative Method to determine Richter Magnitude A more direct method to figuring out the result is the following. ### 1\. Mercalli Intensity to Magnitude at distance The first step is the figure out the (Richter) Magnitude the earthquake corresponds to at the distance from the epicenter (origin) it is felt at. To ... | |
earth_science-93/extraction_3.txt | ### Intensity Media\\ \\ !Did You Feel It? map for South Napa Earthquake Sources/Usage: Public Domain. View Media Details Did You Feel It? map for the M6.0 Napa, California earthquake on August 24, 2014. The earthquake epicenter is shown as a star, and the geocoded intensities are shown as small colored squares. The as... | |
karst/Karst3.txt |
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earth_science-94/extraction_0.txt | In Borneo, there were climatic swings during the Pleistocene with the climate alternating between short, warm, wet periods to long, cold, relatively dry periods every 100,000 years75. Mount Kinabalu is thought to have been glaciated during the Last Glacial Maximum (MIS2) with ice caps on the highest plateaus (>2000 m) ... | |
earth_science-94/extraction_1.txt | # 4. Discussion In order to better constrain the influence of rock properties on landscape development in Fiordland and the western Southern Alps of New Zealand, we compare topographic characteristics, styles and distributions of bedrock landslides, and patterns of bedrock fracturing derived from seismic refraction sur... | |
earth_science-94/extraction_2.txt | Granitic pluton of Mount Kinabalu seen from Kundasang. The hilly foreground is made up of sedimentary rocks of the Crocker Formation; the flat area in front is made up of glacial deposits of the Pinousuk Gravels. ### One of the youngest granitic intrusions exposed on Earth and the site of spectacular tropical glacial l... | |
world_oil/oil_supply1.txt | <div class="site grid-container container hfeed" id="page">
<div class="site-content" id="content">
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<article id="post-3470822" class="post-3470822 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-en... | |
earth_science-95/extraction_0.txt | July 2016 Exclusive Story Reserve Estimates ================= U.S. Holds Most Recoverable Oil Reserves ---------------------------------------- ### By Per Magnus Nysveen OSLO, NORWAY–The United States now holds the world’s largest recoverable oil reserve base–more than Saudi Arabia or Russia–thanks to the development o... | |
earth_science-95/extraction_1.txt | Oil 6 Total proved reserves At end 1995At end 2005At end 2014At end 2015 Thousand million barrels Thousand million barrels Thousand million barrels Thousand million barrels Thousand million tonnes Share of total R/P ratio US29.829.955.0 55.06.6 3.2%11.9 Canada48.4180.0172.2 172.227.8 10.1%107.6 Mexico48.813.710.8 10.81... | |
earth_science-95/extraction_2.txt | In 2015, world crude oil production increased by 1.75 million barrels/day (b/d), or 2.4 per cent, as compared to 2014, marking the second highest increase within the last ten years. Among non-OPEC Countries, the biggest yearly increase was for the United States, which grew by 0.72m b/d, or 8.3 per cent, leading to the ... | |
earth_science-95/extraction_4.txt | The modern-day commercial extraction of oil began in the mid-19th century in the United States and present-day Azerbaijan, then part of the Russian empire. Before the introduction of electricity in the early 1880s, crude oil was refined into kerosene as an illuminating fuel in lamps. By the late 1800s, the oil demand s... | |
airborne_fraction/Airborne_fraction4.txt |
F
F
(
t
)
{\displaystyle AF_{FF}={\frac {\frac {dC(t)}{dt}}{FF(t)}}}
Or,
A
F
F
F
+
L
U
=
d
C
(
t
)
d
t
F
F
(
t
)
+
L
U
(
t
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{\displaystyle AF_{FF+LU}={\frac {\frac {dC(t)}{dt}}{FF(t)+LU(t)}}}
In which C is atmospheric carbon dioxide, t is time, FF is fossil-fuel emissions and LU is the... | |
airborne_fraction/Airborne_fraction3.txt |
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earth_science-96/extraction_0.txt | ### 3.5 Atmospheric CO2 #### 3.5.1 Historical period 1850–2023 Atmospheric CO2 concentration was approximately 278 parts per million (ppm) in 1750, reaching 300 ppm in the late 1900s, 350 ppm in the late 1980s, and 419.31 ± 0.1 ppm in 2023 (Lan et al., 2024; Fig. 1). The mass of carbon in the atmosphere increased by 51... | |
earth_science-96/extraction_2.txt | ### 5.2.1.2 Atmosphere Atmospheric CO2 concentration measurements in remote locations began in 1957 at the South Pole Observatory (SPO) and in 1958 at Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), Hawaii, USA ( Keeling, 1960) (Figure 5.6a). Since then, measurements have been extended to multiple locations around the world ( Bacastow et... | |
earth_science-96/extraction_3.txt | The **airborne fraction** is a scaling factor defined as the ratio of the annual increase in atmospheric CO\\ \\ 2 to the CO 2 emissions from human sources.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne_fraction?utm_source=chatgpt.com#cite_note-IPCC-1) It represents the proportion of human emitted CO2 that remains in t... | |
glossary_of_oil/seg2.txt | Investigations in Geophysics, No. 13</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Title</th>
<td class="" style="">
Encyclopedic Dictionary of Applied Geophysics</td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Author</th>
<td class="" style="">
<a href="/wiki/Robert_Sheriff" cla... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_0.txt | # Encyclopedic Dictionary of Applied Geophysics, Fourth edition Authors: - Robert E. Sheriff Copyright year: 2002 Pages: 442 Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists Buy print edition Recommend to a librarian List price: **$75.00** Member price: **$42.00** Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart Encyclope... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_1.txt | ### Online Subscriptions The Glossary of Geology is available as an online subscription, via IP address, to libraries, university departments, corporations, etc. The online Glossary provides access to the more than 39,000 glossary entries contained in the Fifth Edition of the print Glossary. In addition to the 13,000 u... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_2.txt | ## AGI Announces Availability of Online Glossary of Geology Alexandria, VA — The Glossary of Geology, AGI’s premiere geoscience resource publication, is now available online. Available for both individual and institutional licensing, the online glossary is searchable using terms, words within terms or definitions. The ... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_3.txt | To ensure that data from observatories can be properly processed and interpreted under these diverse conditions, it is necessary to establish protocols for all aspects of observatory operation that may affect the seismological data itself. In addition, competent guidance is often required in the stages of planning, bid... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_4.txt | 2. Work accomplished during the reporting period • One contribution, originally planned only as an information sheet on automatic seismogram analysis, has matured into a new Chapter 16 because of the enthusiastic work of three young scientists (Kueperkoch, Meier, Diehl); • a new Chapter 14 (Parolai) on the investigatio... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_5.txt | **nmsop.gfz-potsdam.de** Chapters - Datasheets - Exercises - Information Sheets - Program Descriptions - Download program and files - Acronyms - Glossary _Cite electronic version as:_ Bormann, P. (Ed.) (2012). New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice (NMSOP-2), IASPEI, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_6.txt | ## What GTWG does The Geoscience Terminology Working Group develops, reviews, adopts, publishes and acts as steward for internationally accepted geoscience vocabularies under the auspices of the Commission for the Application and Management of Geoscience Information (CGI). The GTWG manages these vocabularies and their ... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_7.txt | # CGI Vocabularies Register This is the static register (index) of CGI’s vocabularies whose purpose is to present the static URIs to each of the vocabularies. This list is particularly useful for machines that wish to automatically index the CGI vocabularies. You can also find this list of vocabularies in Semantic Web ... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_8.txt | The logical model contains almost no semantic requirements (i.e., vocabularies, enumerations). It is expected that users will employ controlled vocabularies of terms which are developed by user communities. The model provides mechanisms for delivering concepts from controlled vocabularies via URI’s and linked data prin... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_10.txt | # Appendix A—Glossary of Terms Used in Resources Evaluations This Glossary provides high-level definitions of terms used in resources evaluations. Where appropriate, sections within the PRMS document are referenced to best show the use of selected terms in context. | | | | | --- | --- | --- | | | See PRMS | | | TERM | ... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_11.txt | # Preamble Petroleum resources are the quantities of hydrocarbons naturally occurring on or within the Earth’s crust. Resources assessments estimate quantities in known and yet-to-be-discovered accumulations. Resources evaluations are focused on those quantities that can potentially be recovered and marketed by commerc... | |
earth_science-97/extraction_12.txt | # Drilling Lexicon Oil & Gas Drilling Glossary - IADCLexicon.org ### Live Search ## Glossary Browse the IADC Lexicon alphabetically or by category. Get comprehensive definitions of drilling industry terms. Continue ## FAQ Need help using the IADC Lexicon? The FAQ section will answer most of your questions, and you can ... | |
ncdc_data/docu5.txt | MXSD - Maximum snow depth reported during month. Values are given in mm or inches as per users
preference settings on metric or standard unit output. Values are given in inches on monthly form PDF
file. ***
TPCP - Total precipitation amount for the month. Values are given in mm (to tenths) or inches (to
hundredths) as ... | |
earth_science-98/extraction_0.txt | ``` # Index of /pub/data/cirs/climdiv | Name | Last modified | Size | Description | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | * * * | | Parent Directory | | \- | | | AK\_climate\_divisions.zip | 2020-07-27 13:01 | 382K | | | CONUS\_CLIMATE\_DIVISIONS.shp.zip | 2017-07-10 09:08 | 34M | | | HI\_climate\_divisions.zip | 2024-11-14 12:1... | |
earth_science-98/extraction_1.txt | ## CountyTime Series Please note, **Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)**, **Palmer Hydrological Drought Index (PHDI)**, and **Palmer Modified Drought Index (PMDI)** are not offered for multiple-month time scales. Data are available for bulk download. State:AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDela... | |
earth_science-98/extraction_2.txt | ## Overview The National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Access Data Service provides a RESTful application programming interface (API) to access and subset data based on a the set of parameters to the **v1** URL. Depending on the dataset the API can format the data as comma-separated values ( CSV(link is ... | |
annual_harmonics/Simplifying_a_sin(x)__2B_b_cos(x)1.txt |
Trigonometry/Simplifying a sin(x) + b cos(x) - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Trigonometry/Simplifying a sin(x) + b cos(x)
From Wikibooks, open books for an open world
< TrigonometryThe latest reviewed version was checked on 9 October 2022. There are 3 pending changes await... | |
earth_science-99/extraction_1.txt | # METHODS SUMMARY For each year of data, we calculate the yearly (one cycle per year) sinusoidal component using the Fourier transform, as $$ Y \_ { x } = \\frac { 2 } { 1 2 } \\sum \_ { t = 0 . 5 } ^ { 1 1 . 5 } \\mathrm { e } ^ { 2 \\pi i t / 1 2 } x ( t + t \_ { 0 } ) $$ where $x ( t + t \_ { 0 } )$ , $t = 0 . 5 , .... | |
earth_science-99/extraction_4.txt | ### 2.1. The Base Model The conceptual framework to describe periodic oscillations is expressed as | | | | --- | --- | | Zt = µ \+ γ cos(2πωt + φ) + εt | (1) | where, Zt is a time series of an outcome of interests measured at time t, t = 1, 2,...., N with N—An effective length of a time series (number of observations);... | |
start_of_a_season/Season2.txt | part2 -------------------
Causes and effects
Main article: Effect of sun angle on climate
Axial parallelism
Axial parallelism is a characteristic of the Earth (and most other orbiting bodies in space) in which the direction of the axis remains parallel to itself throughout its orbit.
The Earth's orbit exhibits approxi... | |
start_of_a_season/Season3.txt | part3 -------------------
Four-season reckoning
Four Seasons by Alphonse Mucha (1897)
Most calendar-based partitions use a four-season model to demarcate the warmest and coldest seasons, which are further separated by two intermediate seasons. Calendar-based reckoning defines the seasons in relative rather than absolut... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_0.txt | The annual changes in temperature are of crucial importance for Finland's climate. It is natural to distinguish seasons using a thermal criterion, with seasons defined by the daily mean temperatures of 0°C and 10°C. With this criterion the lengths of seasons can vary greatly from year to year. ### Winter In winter, the... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_1.txt | **Midsummer** is a celebration of the season of summer, taking place on or near the date of the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day of the year. The name "midsummer" mainly refers to summer solstice festivals of European origin. These cultures traditionally regard it as the middle of summer, wit... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_2.txt | A **solar term** (or _**jiéqì**_, simplified Chinese: 节气; traditional Chinese: 節氣) is any of twenty-four periods in traditional Chinese lunisolar calendars that matches a particular astronomical event or signifies some natural phenomenon.[\[1\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_term?utm_source=chatgpt.com#cite_note-... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_4.txt | Earth's Seasons - Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion ================================================================ This data service provides the dates and times of the seasons ( equinoxes and solstices ) and apsides ( perihelion and aphelion ) of the orbit of the Earth for the years 1700 - 2100. Just ty... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_8.txt | # The 24 Solar Terms The 24 solar terms, based on the sun's position in the zodiac, were created by farmers in ancient China to guide the agricultural affairs and farming activities. The 24 solar terms reflect the changes in climate, natural phenomena, agricultural production, and other aspects of human life, including... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_9.txt | The autumnal equinox occurs in September each year, and in the northern hemisphere the date marks the **end of summer and beginning of autumn**. The Earth is tilted on its axis. This means that the Sun illuminates the northern or southern hemisphere more depending on where the Earth is along its orbit. However, at two ... | |
earth_science-9/extraction_10.txt | Learn # When does spring start? * * * How you define the first day of spring depends on whether you are referring to the astronomical or meteorological spring.. ## **Astronomical spring** Astronomical seasons refer to the position of Earth's orbit in relation to the Sun, considering equinoxes and solstices. This is due... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_10.txt | , tundra, polar ice cap, and desert.
Rain forests are characterized by high rainfall, with definitions setting minimum normal annual rainfall between 1,750 millimetres (69 in) and 2,000 millimetres (79 in).[5] A tropical savanna is a grassland biome located in semi-arid to semi-humid climate regions of subtropical and... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_19.txt | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earth_rainfall_climatology&oldid=1209180671"
Categories: Climate and weather statisticsRainHidden categories: Webarchive template wayback linksArticles with short descriptionShort description is different from WikidataAll articles with unsourced statementsArticles with unsourc... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology3_0.txt |
8South America
9Urban heat island impacts
10See also
11References
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Earth rainfall climatology
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arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b962_0.txt | Best travel dealsJoinLog InMy AccountMy FavouritesLog OutAustraliaNew South WalesSydneyQueenslandBrisbaneVictoriaMelbourneSouth AustraliaAdelaideTasmaniaHobartWestern AustraliaPerthNorthern TerritoryDarwinACTCanberraInternationalNew ZealandAsiaJapanSingaporeMaldivesBaliThailandVietnamSri LankaChinaSouth PacificFijiNew... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b964_2.txt | and other sites. Find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out.Sometimes our articles will try to help you find the right product at the right price. We may receive payment from third parties for publishing this content or when you make a purchase through the links on our sites.Privacy poli... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_9.txt | isture Surges and Tropical Cyclones in the Eastern Pacific Basin. Archived 2008-10-22 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2007-06-21.
^ Art Douglas and Phil Englehart. An Historical Analysis of Transient Rain Bearing Systems in the NAME Domain: The Impact of Inverted Troughs on Monsoon Rainfall. Archived 2006-10-05 at... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_45.txt | -02-25. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
^ Susan Woodward (2005-02-02). "Tropical Savannas". Radford University. Archived from the original on 2008-02-25. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
^ "Humid subtropical climate". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-14.
^ Michael Ritter (2008-12-24). "Humid Subtropical Climate". Univers... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_3.txt | the planet. Approximately 505,000 cubic kilometres (121,000 cu mi)[citation needed] of water falls as precipitation each year; 398,000 cubic kilometres (95,000 cu mi) of it over the oceans.[2] Given the Earth's surface area, that means the globally averaged annual precipitation is 990 millimetres (39 in). Climate clas... | |
arid_area/present_htm5.txt |
For the first time, this Köppen-Geiger map shows the Antarctic tundra climate ET, which mainly appear on the Antarctic Peninsula.
Very high resolution map and data (version August 2023)
in preparation ...
Blocktraining | © 2023 | Climate Change & Infectious Diseases Group
| |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_27.txt | are also possible across Atlantic Canada. Amounts decrease as one works farther inland from the Pacific and Atlantic coasts, and from south to north towards the Arctic.[42]
Mexico[edit]
Rainfall varies widely both by location and season. Arid or semiarid conditions are encountered in the Baja California Peninsula, t... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_42.txt | . Collins; P. Friedlingstein; A.T. Gaye; J.M. Gregory; A. Kitoh; R. Knutti; J.M. Murphy; A. Noda; S.C.B. Raper; I.G. Watterson; A.J. Weaver & Z.-C. Zhao (2007). "Precipitation and Surface Water. In: Global Climate Projections. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the F... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology3_1.txt |
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arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b961_5.txt | earth.8. Mt Waialeale, Kauai, HawaiiAverage annual rainfall: 9763mmWaterfalls streaming down the side of Mt Waialeale. Picture: ThinkStockThe name Mt Waialeale means “overflowing water”. The rain around this extinct volcano is so wet and slippery that access is extremely difficult. Researchers believe that the peak’s ... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_14.txt | back Machine Retrieved on 2008-02-29.
^ "La Niña could mean dry summer in Midwest and Plains". Reuters. 2007-02-16. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
^ Climate Prediction Center. El Niño (ENSO) Related Rainfall Patterns Over the Tropical Pacific. Archived 2010-05-28 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-02-28.
^ Climate Chan... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b962_7.txt | San Antonio de Ureca, Bioko Island, Equatorial GuineaAverage annual rainfall: 10,450mmBioko Island. Picture: Wapster/FlickrSan Antonio de Ureca is the wettest place in the African Continent. The dry season is only from November to March, with the rest of the months attracting heavy rain.During the brief dry season, to... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b961_0.txt | The top 10 wettest places on earth | escape.com.au
Best travel dealsJoinLog InMy AccountMy FavouritesLog OutAustraliaNew South WalesSydneyQueenslandBrisbaneVictoriaMelbourneSouth AustraliaAdelaideTasmaniaHobartWestern AustraliaPerthNorthern TerritoryDarwinACTCanberraInternationalNew ZealandAsiaJapanSingaporeMaldiv... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_44.txt | . (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11 (5): 1633–1644. Bibcode:2007HESS...11.1633P. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007. ISSN 1027-5606. (direct: Final Revised Paper)
^ Susan Woodward (1997-10-29). "Tropical Broadleaf Evergreen Forest: The Rainforest". Radford ... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b962_2.txt | click on them, or share this content, we may earn a commission. Learn moreIt's raining, it's pouring.More from TravelI went skiing in the US, and left with $40k in medical bills5 things I never want to hear while travellingI’m a solo traveller, I always get asked thisFeel like your city’s the rain capital of the world... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_8.txt | Csa Csb Cwa Cwb Cfa Cfb Cfc Dsa Dsb Dsc Dsd Dwa Dwb Dwc Dwd Dfa Dfb Dfc Dfd ET EF
Main article: Köppen climate classification | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_18.txt | ics and Space Administration. Archived from the original on 2008-06-12. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
^ "Urban Heat Islands Make Cities Greener" (Press release). NASA. 2004-06-29. Archived from the original on 2008-04-12. Retrieved 2007-08-02.
^ Gretchen Cook-Anderson (2004-06-29). "Urban Heat Islands Make Cities Greener". N... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_49.txt | What is an easterly wave?". NOAA. Retrieved 2006-07-25.
^ Laux Patrick; et al. (2008). "Predicting the regional onset of the rainy season in West Africa". International Journal of Climatology. 28 (3): 329–342. Bibcode:2008IJCli..28..329L. doi:10.1002/joc.1542.
^ Laux Patrick; et al. (2009). "Modelling daily precipit... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_41.txt | on plant growing seasons up to 10 kilometers (6 mi) away from a city's edges. Growing seasons in 70 cities in eastern North America were about 15 days longer in urban areas compared to rural areas outside of a city's influence.[68][69]
See also[edit]
China tropical cyclone rainfall climatology
Mexico tropical cyclone... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_15.txt | northern Atlantic and northeast Pacific oceans.[14] Areas with a savannah climate in Sub-Saharan Africa, such as Ghana, Burkina Faso,[15][16] Darfur,[17] Eritrea,[18] Ethiopia,[19] and Botswana have a distinct rainy season.[20]
Within of Madagascar, trade winds bring moisture up the eastern slopes of the island, whic... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b962_10.txt | villages about which should hold the title of world’s wettest.Villagers in Mawsynram use grass to soundproof their huts from deafening rain that pelts their homes during the rainy season.Meteorologists say Mawsynram’s location, close to Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal is the reason it receives so much rain.“What happ... | |
arid_area/present_htm1.txt |
World Maps of Köppen-Geiger climate classification
World Maps of Köppen-Geiger climate classification
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arid_area/Earth1.txt |
Earth - Wikipedia
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arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b964_0.txt | RegisterJoin the conversation, you are commenting as LogoutMore related storiesTravelI went skiing in the US, and left with $40k in medical billsThis Aussie learnt the hard way how expensive it can be when you get injured in the US.Read moreTravel5 things I never want to hear while travellingIf you catch yourself utt... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_1.txt | , cloud type and raindrop size, via direct measurement and remote sensing data acquisition. Current technologies accurately predict rainfall 3–4 days in advance using numerical weather prediction. Geostationary orbiting satellites gather IR and visual wavelength data to measure realtime localised rainfall by estimating... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_38.txt | throughout the year. The months of January and February have somewhat less frequent storms. On average, Tutunendo has 280 days with rainfall per year. Over ⅔ of the rain (68%) falls during the night. The average relative humidity is 90% and the average temperature is 26.4 °C.[63] Quibdó, the capital of Chocó, receives... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_6.txt |
In Europe, the wettest regions are in the Alps and downwind of bodies of water, particularly the Atlantic west coasts.
Within North America, the drier areas of the United States are the Desert Southwest, Great Basin, valleys of northeast Arizona, eastern Utah, central Wyoming, and the Columbia Basin. Other dry regio... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_8.txt | -01-31.
^ Natural Resources Canada (1978). "The Atlas of Canada – Annual Precipitation". Archived from the original on 2010-10-27. Retrieved 2010-11-25.
^ D. S. Gutzler, E. A. Ritchie, A. V. Douglas, and M. D. Lewis. Interannual Variability of Near-Coastal Eastern Pacific Tropical Cyclones. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.
... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_52.txt | ; Rodolphe Ramiharijafy (2007-12-19). "Madagascar rainfall climatology: Extreme Phenomena" (PDF). Stanford University. Retrieved 2010-01-02.
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arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b962_1.txt | ShoppingSnowSpa and wellnessWildlife and natureWhere to stayCruiseNewsTravel adviceAir travel tipsAirport updatesPacking tipsFrequent flyer pointsBudget tipsTravel etiquetteDealsAccommodationPackagesToursActivitiesEscape TravelThe top 10 wettest places on earthFeel like your city’s the rain capital of the world? Check ... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_12.txt | middle latitudes of all the world's continents, bordering cool oceans, as well as southeastern Australia, and is accompanied by plentiful precipitation year-round.[9] The Mediterranean climate regime resembles the climate of the lands in the Mediterranean Basin, parts of western North America, parts of Western and Sou... | |
arid_area/Earth5.txt | Moon
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Ceres
Asteroids
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Deep space
Formation and evolution
Star formation
Accretion
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Circumstellar disc
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EXCEDE
Exozodiacal dust
Extraterre... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_13.txt | Emily J. Powell, Joshua D. Durkee, and Andrew J. Grundstein. Distribution of Mesoscale Convective Complex Rainfall in the United States. Retrieved on 2008-03-02.
^ John Monteverdi and Jan Null. Western Region Technical Attachment NO. 97-37 November 21, 1997: El Niño and California Precipitation. Archived December 27... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_12.txt | ived 2007-12-21 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 2008-01-23.
^ Southern Region Climate Center. Magueyes Island Climatology. Retrieved on 2008-01-23.
^ Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook -- Virgin Islands. Retrieved on 2008-03-19.
^ BBC. Weather Centre - World Weather - Country Guides - Northern Maria... | |
arid_area/993eaffca1d3d5fabc0c9d73bef06b961_11.txt | heavy, long monsoon season,” Sunit Das of the Indian Meteorological Department told AFP.Join the conversationAdd your comment to this storyTo join the conversation, please
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arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology1_0.txt |
Earth rainfall climatology - Wikipedia
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arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_13.txt | tropical zones have the highest number of storm events followed by the temperate climate. In a recent study,[13] researchers from 63 countries combined 30-minutes rainfall data in order to estimate the global rainfall erosivity (an index combining the amount, frequency and intensity of rainfall). The arid and cold cli... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_46.txt | 10-14. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
^ Lauren Springer Ogden (2008). Plant-Driven Design. Timber Press. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-88192-877-8.
^ Michael Ritter (2008-12-24). "Mediterranean or Dry Summer Subtropical Climate". University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point. Archived from the original on 2009-08-05. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
^ Bry... | |
arid_area/K_C3_B6ppen_climate_classification4.txt | Main article: Temperate climate
Temperate climate distribution
In the Köppen climate system, temperate climates are defined as having an average temperature above 0 °C (32 °F) (or −3 °C (26.6 °F), as noted previously) in their coldest month but below 18 °C (64.4 °F). The average temperature of −3 °C (26.6 °F) roughly c... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology5_6.txt | 06-12. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
^ Visser, S.W. (1953). Some remarks on the European monsoon. Birkhäuser: Basel.
^ Leo Hickman (2008-07-09). "The Question: What is the European monsoon?". The Guardian. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
^ Paul Simons (2009-06-07). "'European Monsoon' to blame for cold and rainy start to June". The T... | |
arid_area/Earth_rainfall_climatology4_50.txt | atology. 29 (7): 937–954. Bibcode:2009IJCli..29..937L. doi:10.1002/joc.1852.
^ David Vandervort (2009). Darfur: getting ready for the rainy season. International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved on 2009-02-06.
^ Mehari Tesfazgi Mebrhatu, M. Tsubo, and Sue Walker (2004). A Statistical Model for Seasonal Rainfall ... |
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