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当社会因为种族、宗教或社会地位而处于深度分裂状态时,这绝不是个容易的任务。
This is not an easy task when societies are deeply divided by ethnicity, religion, or social status.
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我们的研究发现了对15个对促进社会包容十分重要的领域。
Our research has identified 15 domains that are important for promoting social inclusion.
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所有遵守核保障义务的国家都能按市场价格获得这些材料。
It would be accessible at market prices to all states in compliance with their nuclear safeguards obligations.
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同样,2000年来小学入学率已从83%上升到91%。
Likewise, primary-school enrollment rates have risen from 83% to 91% since 2000.
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事实上,各国政府和国际组织试图寻找更持久的解决办法。
In fact, the efforts of governments and international institutions point the way toward more sustainable solutions.
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国际货币基金组织改革的三个主要问题也应该提上日程。
Three central issues of IMF reform should also be taken on board.
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第三,政府应该用再造预算(reengineeringbudget)武装自己。
Third, governments should equip themselves with a reengineering budget.
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此类政府支出能够创造出劳动密集型岗位,有助于抑制失业率的上升。
This type of government spending can create labor-intensive jobs that will help to stem rising unemployment.
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加州经济陷入困境,过多政府支出、严格监管以及冒险的高税率都难辞其咎。
Excessive state spending, heavy regulation, and dangerously high taxes have helped create the state’s economic woes.
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西方价值观可能受到攻击,但对西方的商品却抱着欢迎的态度。
Western values may be under assault, but Western goods are welcome.
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但当问题来到政治决策时,民主控制和问责才是至关重要的。
But when it comes to political decision-making, democratic control and accountability are essential.
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20世纪80年代中期,时任首相撒切尔夫人成功地推广了一体化内部市场的思想。
In the mid-1980’s, then-Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher successfully pushed the idea of an integrated internal market.
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问题时欧洲央行的动作是否足够快。
The question is whether the ECB will be able to move quickly enough.
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而另一个问题则关于这场灾难对全球供应链的影响。
A key question has been the disaster’s impact on global supply chains.
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如果不大幅削减温室气体排放,我们还会看到更加糟糕的情况。
Without significant cuts in greenhouse-gas emissions, we will see far worse.
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斯堪的纳维亚国家年复一年位列世界最幸福、最繁荣的国家之列并不是巧合。
It is no coincidence that the Scandinavian countries rank among the world’s happiest and most prosperous year after year.
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哈马斯参与了2006年以军撤离加沙后举行的立法选举。
Hamas participated in the 2006 legislative elections, which followed Israel’s military withdrawal from Gaza.
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这一趋势是发达国家的优势,发达国家占了知识密集型流的三分之二。
This trend is an advantage for developed countries, which account for two-thirds of knowledge-intensive flows.
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经济增长再度滑落,而国际货币基金实际上减少了放贷量。
Growth faltered again, and the International Monetary Fund actually reduced its lending.
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两种立场都拒绝将土耳其完全“欧洲化”的主张。
Both positions reject the idea of making Turkey really “European.”
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首先,中央或联邦政府应该保留相当大的财政权力。
For starters, the central or federal government should retain significant fiscal powers.
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在许多国家,税收改革使直接税占总收入的比重大幅提高。
In many countries, tax reform has already significantly increased the share of direct taxes in overall revenue.
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因为生意不景气了,人口贩卖犯罪集团倾向于避开瑞典。
Human trafficking rings tend to avoid Sweden, because business has gone sour.
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在2010年,中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。
In 2010, China passed Japan to become the world’s second largest economy.
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在伦敦这个全世界最多元化的城市,这种跨团体精神带来了显而易见的好处。
The benefits of such inter-community spirit are evident in one of the world’s most diverse cities, London.
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它的成功取决于市场需求,而非政治游说。
Its success depends on market demand, not political lobbying.
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实现增强中东稳定的目标需要双方共同努力。
Achieving the goal of enhanced stability in the Middle East requires the two sides to work together.
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快速诊断测试往往局限于要求目视判读的应用。
RDTs are largely limited to applications that require visual interpretation.
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全球经济将由此陷入另一场金融危机,其所造成的冲击力不亚于2008年秋。
That could plunge the global economy into another financial crisis, delivering a shock equivalent to the autumn of 2008.
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 令人惊奇的是,这场危机的全球影响有积极的一面。
The global dimension of this crisis surprisingly also has a positive side.
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它提供了在保持有竞争力的工业部门的同时遏制全球变暖的途径。
This provides the means for maintaining a competitive industrial sector while simultaneously combating global warming.
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将在2030年成为世界第三或第四大经济体的印度可以成为美国最重要的战略伙伴。
India’s success as a democracy also strengthens freedom globally and protects broader American interests.
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印度政府也采取了积极的财政政策,先后推出了两个一揽子经济刺激计划。
Moreover, India’s government adopted a pro-active fiscal policy, rolling out two rounds of stimulus packages.
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但是变化正在发生,这次大选出现了一名没有传统政党支持的36岁标新立异的候选人。
But change is coming, in the form of a 36-year-old maverick with no traditional-party backing.
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满足上述条件后,小说家宣布支持这位嗜好政变和古怪思想的前军官进行总统竞选。
With those conditions met, the novelist endorsed the former military officer with a penchant for coups and quirky ideas.
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但这个国家的民主力量成功遏制了共产党用威吓手段重夺政权的企图。
But the country’s democratic forces halted the Communist Party’s attempt to bulldoze its way back into power.
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普京的强国地位主张以及其强国政策,在结构上都是很脆弱的。
Putin’s claim to great-power status and his great-power policies are structurally very vulnerable.
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资产收购并在资产负债表上并没有影响,因为资产取代了钱。
Asset purchases have no balance-sheet effect, because assets replace money.
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一家公司的创新奖迫使竞争者更加投入竞争,从而提升整个行业。
Innovations in one company would cascade across its entire industry by forcing competitors to raise their game.
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汽车帮助提高了世界经济大国的实力,决定了现代社会和文化轮廓。
They have helped power the world’s great economies and shaped our modern social and cultural landscape.
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随着20世纪70年代开始的全球金融市场自由化,外国信贷资源变成可及之物。
With the liberalization of global financial markets that began in the 1970’s, foreign sources of credit became available.
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他们能享受低税率,或者他们的竞争对手会遭到当局的突击搜查。
They may pay lower taxes, or their competitors may be subject to raids by the authorities.
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根据这些估计数字,二十世纪军事成本每年大约平均相当于GDP的5%。
According to these estimates, annual military costs in the twentieth century averaged about 5% of GDP.
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这种情况通常发生在政府存在初级盈余时。
This typically happens when the government runs a primary surplus.
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商业投资也非常萎靡,尽管大公司手握里握有大把现金。
Business investment is also weak, even though large corporations have very high cash balances.
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Zmapp还从未进行过人体试验,也从未获得过美国食品与药物管理局的认证。
ZMapp never made it to human trials and is not yet licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration.
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朱镕基鼓励大家在论坛上交换观点,使其成为中国改革者的真正的智力测试。
Zhu welcomed the exchange of views at the Forum as a true intellectual test for China’s reformers.
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三国都与美国进行过知识产权协议谈判,达成了互相同意的保护期。
All three have negotiated intellectual-property agreements with the US, achieving what seemed like mutually agreeable levels of protection.
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专制政府利用它追踪抗议活动和反对派领袖,最近的乌克兰就是如此。
Autocratic governments use it to track down protest and opposition leaders, as we have recently seen in Ukraine.
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为了创造长期价格稳定的合理机会,市场纪律和完善的财政管理均必不可少。
Both market discipline and sound fiscal management are needed to create a reasonable chance of long-run price stability.
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如果内部贬值是解决问题的办法,大萧条时的金本位就不会成为一个问题。
If internal devaluation were the solution, the gold standard would not have been a problem in the Great Depression.
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和平年代的生活非常枯燥,大英帝国的荣耀也已经一去不返。
Life in peaceful times can be dull, and British glory seems a long way in the past.
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在全球金融危机的背景下,迫切需要制定与欧盟东部邻国更新、也更有力的政策。
The global financial crisis had made an updated and strengthened policy for the EU’s eastern neighborhood an urgent need.
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但其债务维持成本只有GDP的1—2%,因此日本仍有偿债能力。
But that debt costs only 1-2% of GDP to service, allowing Japan to remain solvent.
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因为宇航局需要遵守旧的预算案,因此已经取消的项目继续得到资金支持。
Because NASA is still operating under an old budget, the canceled program continues to be funded.
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希腊危机演变成南欧危机,继而又发展成泛欧洲危机。
What had been a Greek crisis became a southern European crisis and then a pan-European crisis.
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早在1973年,美国政府自己就预见伊朗将会需要核电。
As long ago as 1973, the US government itself saw that Iran would need nuclear power.
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私人部门无法也不会单独抵挡失速风险。当前急需的是更好的决策。
The private sector alone cannot and will not counter the risk of stall speed.
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同时,我们脆弱的生态系统也无法消化制造业所产生的废物。
In the process, it produces too much waste for our fragile ecosystems to absorb.
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总共已有管理超过$2.6万亿美元市值的机构承诺要从化石燃料行业撤资。
Altogether, institutions worth more than $2.6 trillion have committed to divest from fossil fuels.
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当时,我对马佐维耶茨基的做法持批评态度。
At the time, I was critical of the path Mazowiecki was taking.
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北非和中东的独裁统治试图镇压伊斯兰教保守派。
Dictatorships in North Africa and the Middle East tried to suppress the Islamic conservatives.
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美国必须重返基于共享的科学态度而非反智主义之上的全球共识。
The US must return to the global consensus based on shared science rather than anti-intellectualism.
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国外直接投资是实施一体化的最直接的渠道。
Foreign direct investment is the most direct channel for integration.
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但其后的每一次重要国际金融危机都削弱了基金组织的权威性。
But every major international crisis since then has chipped away at its authority.
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在短期,欧元区必须大幅放松货币和财政政策。
In the short run, the eurozone needs much looser monetary and fiscal policy.
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在过去25年中,加纳农业部门平均年增长率高达5%。
Over the last 25 years, Ghana’s agricultural sector has grown at an average annual rate of 5%.
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基础设施是另一个明显可以扩大私营企业参与的领域。
Infrastructure is another obvious place to expand private-sector involvement.
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放眼全球,每年用于生物化学研究的投资总额约为1100亿美元。
Worldwide, total annual investment in biomedical research is about $110 billion.
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为了提升生产力增长并改善日本的经济竞争力,这类改革极有必要。
Such reforms are essential to raise productivity growth and improve the Japanese economy’s competitiveness.
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国有企业或其附属机构在市场占据主导地位,这与意大利在两次大战间的情况如出一辙。
State-owned enterprises, or their subsidiaries, dominate key markets, as in interwar Italy.
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非典型肺炎、禽流感和猪流感的肆虐已造成全球经济约2000亿美元的损失。
The pandemics of SARS, avian, and swine influenza have cost the global economy an estimated $200 billion.
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即使我们能限制住全球气温的升高,气候变化也会继续发生。
Even if we limit the rise in global temperatures, climate change is here to stay.
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当公众鄙夷经济学家的时候,其他学科颇有些幸灾乐祸。
Other academic disciplines have looked rather smugly at the public humiliation of their colleagues in economics.
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紧缩暴露了现代社会人际网络的缺乏及其隐含的士气成本。
Austerity exposes the modern economy’s lack of interpersonal connectedness and the morale costs that this implies.
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开放能源部门完善了1994年批准NAFTA所开启的经济一体化日程。
Opening the energy sector completes the agenda of economic integration that began when NAFTA was approved in 1994.
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所有这一切都始于上个月,当时美国媒体报道这份协议已接近达成。
It all started last month, when US media reported that an agreement was already near completion.
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从某些意义上来说,这也是印度总理曼莫汉·辛格的个人胜利。
It was in many respects a personal triumph for Prime Minister Manmohan Singh.
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这个国家的这种做法是对抗击气候变化事业的巨大损害。
By doing so, the country has done a great disservice to the cause of fighting climate change.
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在像英国那样成熟的民主国家中长大的人还是脱离社会并走向极端。
Individuals growing up in mature democracies such as the United Kingdom can still become alienated and radicalized.
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交通大堵塞状况也已经有所缓解,这些天你几乎可以在这个城市开车四处走动。
Gridlock has abated, and you can almost get around the city by car these days.
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除非欧洲国家在全球金融制度改革方面发挥积极作用,这项改革将不会成功。
Unless European countries take the initiative on global financial institutional reform, it will remain a lost cause.
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全球竞争的激烈程度意味着欧洲国家不能再关起门来追求富裕。
And the intensity of global competition means that European countries cannot hope to thrive independently of one another.
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现在,该指数处于2001年第四季度以来的最低水平。
Today, the index is at its lowest level since the fourth quarter of 2001.
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如果欧洲只是让各国争强斗狠,那么它就会产生持续不断的冲突。
If Europe were only about gaining the upper hand, it would generate perpetual conflict.
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它为分配及追踪健康医疗开销和服务提供了全套疾病名字和数字代码。
It provides a set of disease names and numeric codes for assigning and tracking health-care expenditures and services.
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政府在为人民需要的服务(比如教育和医疗)提供资金方面扮演着中心角色。
Government plays a central role in financing the services that people want, like education and health care.
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        除了石油、天然气以及其他商品外,中国对俄罗斯的兴趣相对有限。
Other than oil, gas, and other commodities, China has rather limited interests in Russia.
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美国国防政策正在发生的变化反映了一些规划性的假设。
The changes underway in American defense policy reflect planning assumptions.
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普京的外交政策还明显企图挑动民粹沙文主义。
Putin’s foreign policy also is evidently intended to whip up populist chauvinism.
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比如英国足球流氓的暴力行为就反映出对战争的某种奇特的怀旧。
The violence of British football hooligans, for example, reflects a peculiar nostalgia for war.
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生长中的身体得不到足够的必须维生素和营养的话,伤害会在成年以后长期存在。
When a growing body does not get enough essential vitamins and nutrients, the harmful effects last long into adulthood.
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类似地,世界卫生组织也大力呼吁加大卫生发展援助力度。
Likewise, the World Health Organization issued a major call to scale up development assistance for health.
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这最终阻碍了发展中国家阻止导致关键资源流失的资金外流。
This ultimately prevents developing countries from stopping the outflow of money that is bleeding them of essential resources.
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布雷顿森林会议是历史上国际经济合作最伟大的范例之一。
The Bretton Woods Conference marked one of history’s greatest examples of international economic cooperation.
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世界银行等多边机构可以在打造商品债券市场方面起到关键作用。
A multilateral agency such as the World Bank could play a critical role in launching a market in commodity bonds.
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即将到来的选举将决定巴基斯坦会在这条道路上走多远。
The upcoming election will determine how far the country will go along this route.
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今年的MSC不仅将包括来自多个国家的安全官员。
This year’s MSC will include not only security officials from many countries.
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在肺结核治疗上每年花费10亿美元将会挽救一百万人的生命。
Spending $1 billion on tuberculosis treatment in a year would save one million lives.
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这样,双方都有追求亲增长政策的强大激励。
Both sides would then have a powerful incentive to pursue pro-growth policies.
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