query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
It has arsenic and bromide ions in it . | [
"This pyramidal molecule is the only known binary arsenic bromide . It is formed by the direct reaction of bromine and arsenic ."
] | [
"Using calcium chloride and potassium chloride the products contain calcium or potassium instead of sodium ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Arsenic tribromide , also known as arsenic ( III ) bromide , is a chemical compound . | [
"Arsenic tribromide is toxic , as are all arsenic compounds ."
] | [
"Zinc bromide ( ZnBr2 ) is a chemical compound of zinc and bromine ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Arsenic tribromide , also known as arsenic ( III ) bromide , is a chemical compound . Its chemical formula is AsBr3 . | [
"Arsenic tribromide is the chemical compound with the formula AsBr3 ."
] | [
"Tin ( II ) iodide , also known as stannous iodide , is an ionic compound of tin and iodine with the formula SnI2 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
The word is not specific compared with the other words which have similar meanings : satellite state , associated state , puppet state , neo-colony , protectorate , vassal state and tributary state . | [
"It is the least specific of these terms and may be treated as a broad category which includes satellite state , associated state , puppet state , neo-colony , protectorate , vassal state and tributary state ."
] | [
"The word `` oblast '' is a loanword in English , but it is nevertheless often translated as `` area '' , `` zone '' , `` province '' , or `` region '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Client state is a word used to describe a state that has to follow a more powerful state in international politics . | [
"Client state is one of several terms used to describe the subordination of one state to a more powerful state in international affairs ."
] | [
"Because of this , new states could not immediately become part of the international community or be bound by international law , and recognized nations did not have to respect international law in their dealings with them ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Hamilton is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Hamilton is a city in Marion County , Iowa , United States ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Vendeuvre is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Vendeuvre is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Geography:"
} |
Among the male dancers were Michel Fokine , Serge Lifar , LÃ onide Massine , George Balanchine , Adolphe Bolm , and , especially , Vaslav Nijinsky who became the greatest dancer of his time . | [
"Among the male dancers were Michel Fokine , Serge Lifar , LÃ onide Massine , George Balanchine , Valentin Zeglovsky , Adolphe Bolm , and the legendary Vaslav Nijinsky , who was the most popular and talented dancer in the company 's history ."
] | [
"kdfrek ; While in London Pavlova was influential in the development of British ballet , most notably inspiring the career of Alicia Markova ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Some of the great dancers include Anna Pavlova , Tamara Karsavina , Olga Spessivtzeva , Mathilde Kschessinska , Ida Rubinstein , Bronislava Nijinska , Lydia Lopokova and Alicia Markova . | [
"Principal women dancers included many who earned international renown : Anna Pavlova , Tamara Karsavina , Olga Spessivtseva , Mathilde Kschessinska , Ida Rubinstein , Bronislava Nijinska , Lydia Lopokova , Diana Gould and Alicia Markova , among others ."
] | [
"Ravel began work with impresario Sergei Diaghilev during 1909 for the ballet Daphnis et Chloà commissioned by Diaghilev with the lead danced by the famous ballet dancer and choreographer , Vaslav Nijinsky ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
However , some units were only used on outer suburban services in South London . | [
"However , some units were used only on outer suburban services in South London ."
] | [
"The stock of over 550 trains is shared between all lines ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Transportation:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Transportation:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
The British Rail Class 319 dual-voltage electric multiple units ( EMU ) were built by BREL York in two batches from 1987 â `` 88 and 1990 . | [
"The British Rail Class 319 dual-voltage electric multiple units ( EMU ) were built by BREL York in two batches in 1987 â `` 88 and 1990 ."
] | [
"Sixteen Class 121 single-car driving motor vehicles were built from 1960 , numbered 55020 â `` 55035 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Transportation:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Transportation:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Class 319 units have dual power pick-up , from either 25 kV alternating current ( AC ) overhead lines for services north of London , or 750 V direct current ( DC ) third rail to the south . | [
"Class 319 units have dual-power pick-up , from either 25 kV alternating current ( AC ) overhead lines for services north of London , or 750 V direct current ( DC ) third rail to the south ."
] | [
"This is due in part to the trains having better performance than the 1967 Tube Stock they are replacing - they have a higher top speed of 80 k , faster maximum acceleration of 1.3 msâ ' 2 , normal service deceleration of 1.14 msâ ' 2 and emergency brake deceleration of 1.4 msâ ' 2 , the same as the 1992 Tube Stock... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
The trains were introduced for new north-south cross-London services from Bedford to Brighton , and since privatisation these services have been operated by Thameslink and First Capital Connect , the former franchise having been merged with the Great Northern section of the former WAGN franchise to form the latter trai... | [
"The trains were introduced for new north-south cross-London services from Bedford to Brighton , and since privatisation these services have been operated by Thameslink and First Capital Connect , the former franchise having been merged with the Great Northern section of the former WAGN franchise to form the latter... | [
"The Electrostar family , which also includes Classes 357 , 375 , 376 , and 378 , is the most numerous type of EMU built in the post-privatisation period of Britain 's railways ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Transportation:"
} |
Brayton is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"Brayton is a city in Audubon County , Iowa , United States , along the East Nishnabotna River ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
\/ \/ Import individual modules for use importScriptURI ( ` http://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/unicodify.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' ) ; \/ \/ autoEdUnicodify converts HTML entities to WikiText importScriptURI ( ` http://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/isbn.j... | [
"\\/ \\/ Import individual modules for use importScriptURI ( ` http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/unicodify.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' ) ; \\/ \\/ autoEdUnicodify converts HTML entities to WikiText importScriptURI ( ` http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/isbn.... | [
"table.ambox-notice table.ambox-speedy table.ambox-delete table.ambox-content table.ambox-style table.ambox-move table . ambox-protection"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
importScriptURI ( ` http://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/core.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' ) ; \/ \/ Imports the `` framework '' script needed to make this function | [
"importScriptURI ( ` http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:AutoEd/core.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' ) ; \\/ \\/ Imports the `` framework '' script needed to make this function"
] | [
"getParamValue ( `` withJS '' ) ; if ( extraJS & & extraJS ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Putot-en-Auge is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Putot-en-Auge is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:"
} |
Finally , once cooked , put takoyaki sauce , katsubushi ( dried fish flakes ) , and aonori ( green laver ) on the takoyaki . | [
"Takoyaki ( literally fried or grilled octopus ) is a popular ball-shaped Japanese dumpling or more like a savory pancake made of batter and cooked in a special takoyaki pan ( see below ) . It is typically filled with diced or whole baby octopus , tempura scraps ( tenkasu ) , pickled ginger , and green onion , brus... | [
"If it is difficult to turn the sushi upside-down then one can baste the sushi in soy sauce using gari ( sliced ginger ) as a brush . Toppings which have their own sauce ( such as eel ) should not be eaten with soy sauce ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
`` Amish Paradise '' is a song by `` Weird Al '' Yankovic . It is a parody of `` Gangsta 's Paradise '' by Coolio . | [
"The music video for `` Amish Paradise '' is very similar to the `` Gangsta 's Paradise '' music video , although several concepts have been parodied ."
] | [
"`` Another One Rides the Bus '' is a parody of Queen 's `` Another One Bites the Dust '' by `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
It is a parody of `` Gangsta 's Paradise '' by Coolio . | [
"It is a parody of the hip hop song `` Gangsta 's Paradise '' by Coolio featuring L.V. ( which itself is a reworking of the Stevie Wonder song `` Pastime Paradise '' ) ."
] | [
"The title and lyrics were changed from `` Maharishi '' to `` Sexy Sadie . ''"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
`` Amish Paradise '' is a song by `` Weird Al '' Yankovic . | [
"`` Amish Paradise '' is a 1996 single by parodist `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ."
] | [
"`` You 're Pitiful '' is a parody of `` You 're Beautiful '' by James Blunt written and recorded by American parody musician `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
It is not seen on a Gram stained smear because the organism is too thin . | [
"It is not seen on a Gram stained smear because the organism has a waxy coat around it that does not accept the Gram stain ."
] | [
"The III-S strain covers itself with a polysaccharide capsule that protects it from the host 's immune system , resulting in the death of the host , while the II-R strain does n't have that protective capsule and is defeated by the host 's immune system ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Nusa Penida is an island to the southeast of Bali , Indonesia . | [
"Nusa Penida is an island southeast of Bali island , Indonesia ."
] | [
"Padangbai is a small town in eastern Bali , Indonesia near Candidasa ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
The Badung Strait separates the island from Bali while the Lombok Strait separates it from Lombok . | [
"The Badung Strait separates the island and Bali ."
] | [
"Sumbawa is an Indonesian island , located in the middle of the Lesser Sunda Islands chain , with Lombok to the west , Flores to the east , and Sumba further to the southeast ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description about Geography:"
} |
The island is a subdistrict of the Klungkung regency . | [
"Administratively , the island is a district of Klungkung regency ."
] | [
"Namli Maira is a mountainous rural area located in Abbottabad District ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Eudora is a city of the state of Arkansas in the United States of America . | [
"Eudora is a city in Chicot County , Arkansas , United States of America ."
] | [
"Hooker is a city in Texas County , Oklahoma , in the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the description:",
"neg": "Represent the description:"
} |
Peter Renà Baumann ( born 5 January 1968 ) better known as DJ BoBo , is a Swiss singer , songwriter , dancer and music producer . | [
"Peter Renà Cipiriano Baumann ( born January 5 , 1968 ) , better known as DJ BoBo , is a successful Swiss singer , songwriter , dancer and music producer ."
] | [
"Kevin Rudolf ( born January 11 , 1985 ) is an American singer-songwriter , multi-instrumentalist , and record producer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Aaron Benjamin Sorkin is an American screenwriter . He was born on June 9 , 1961 in New York , New York . | [
"Aaron Benjamin Sorkin ( born June 9 , 1961 ) is an American screenwriter , producer and playwright , whose works include A Few Good Men , The American President , The West Wing , Sports Night , Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip and most recently The Social Network ."
] | [
"Nicole was born on October 7 , 1991 in Los Angeles , California ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Ernst Julius RÃ hm ( 28 November 1887 in Munich â `` 1 July 1934 in Munich ) was a leader and co-founder of the German Sturmabteilung , the Stormtroopers . | [
"Ernst Julius RÃ hm , ( November 28 , 1887 â `` July 2 , 1934 ) was an officer of the Bavarian Army and later a Nazi leader ."
] | [
"Franz GÃ 1\\/4 rtner ( 26 August 1881 - 29 January 1941 ) was a German Minister of Justice in Adolf Hitler 's cabinet , responsible for coordinating jurisprudence in the Third Reich ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
He was murdered during the Night of the Long Knives , in 1934 . | [
"In 1934 , as part of the Night of the Long Knives , he was executed on Hitler 's orders as a potential rival ."
] | [
"Caserio was executed by guillotine in Lyon at precisely 5am , August 16 , 1894 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
RÃ hm was buried in the Munich western cemetery . | [
"He was buried in the Westfriedhof ( Western Cemetery ) in Munich ."
] | [
"The summer residence was at Altenstein Castle ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
RÃ hm took a part in the Beer Hall Putsch in 1923 . | [
"RÃ hm 's resignation from the Reichswehr was accepted in November 1923 during his remand at Stadelheim prison . As a result of the failed Beer Hall Putsch on 9 November 1923 , RÃ hm , Hitler , General Erich Ludendorff , Lt-Colonel Kriebel and six others were brought to trial in February 1924 on charges of treason ... | [
"Scholz succeeded Franz MÃ 1\\/4 ntefering as Minister of Labor and Social Affairs , when the latter left office in 2007 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Voting methods:"
} |
Hitler planned to kill RÃ hm . | [
"RÃ hm was the only Nazi whom Hitler addressed as such ."
] | [
"In 1919 it merged with the Tonkà 1\\/4 nstler Orchestra ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Hitler made RÃ hm the leader of the SA . | [
"While Hitler was in prison , RÃ hm helped to create the Frontbann as a legal alternative to the then-outlawed SA . At Landsberg prison in April 1924 , RÃ hm had also been given full powers by Hitler to rebuild the SA in any way he saw fit ."
] | [
"Wasicky was a physician . He joined the NSDAP and was a member of the SS ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Ernst RÃ hm was born in Munich on 28 November 1887 . He was the third child of a chief train inspector , Julius RÃ hm , and his wife , Emilie RÃ hm . | [
"Hitler was uneasy authorizing RÃ hm 's execution and gave RÃ hm an opportunity to commit suicide ."
] | [
"Hermann GÃ ring was one of five children ; his brothers were Albert GÃ ring and Karl GÃ ring , and his sisters were Olga Therese Sophia GÃ ring and Paula Elisabeth Rosa GÃ ring , the last of whom were from his father 's first marriage ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
RÃ hm wanted to go to Bad Wiessee for rest . | [
"Meanwhile , RÃ hm and several of his companions went away on holiday at a resort in Bad Wiessee ."
] | [
"He moved for some time to ZÃ 1\\/4 rich , but happened to be in Vienna at the time of the Anschluss ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
In 1924 , RÃ hm helped start the Frontbann , an alternative to the Sturmabteilung . After an argument with Adolf Hitler , RÃ hm retired as leader of the SA . | [
"While Hitler was in prison , RÃ hm helped to create the Frontbann as a legal alternative to the then-outlawed SA ."
] | [
"Rau was a member of the All-German Peopleâ s Party ( GVP ) , which was founded by Gustav Heinemann ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Religion:"
} |
Arthur C. Clarke Award | [
"In the 1980s Clarke became well known to many for his television programs Arthur C. Clarke 's Mysterious World , Arthur C. Clarke 's World of Strange Powers and Arthur C. Clarke 's Mysterious Universe ."
] | [
"Priscilla Harrel : Cecilia 's childhood friend ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Clarke is considered one of the Big Three of science fiction , along with Robert A. Heinlein and Isaac Asimov . | [
"For many years , Robert A. Heinlein , Isaac Asimov , and Arthur C. Clarke were known as the `` Big Three '' of science fiction ."
] | [
"Unlike most literary awards , which are named for the creator of the award , the subject of the award , or a noted member of the field , the Rhyslings are named for a character in a science fiction story : the blind poet Rhysling , in Robert A. Heinlein 's short story The Green Hills of Earth ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Sir Arthur Charles Clarke ( born December 16 , 1917 ; died Colombo 19 March , 2008 ) was a British author and inventor , most famous for his science fiction novel 2001 : A Space Odyssey , and for working with director Stanley Kubrick on the film of the same name . | [
"Sri Lankabhimanya Sir Arthur Charles Clarke , CBE , FRAS <!----> ( 16 December 1917 â `` 19 March 2008 ) was a British science fiction author , inventor , and futurist , most famous for the novel 2001 : A Space Odyssey , written in parallel with the script for the eponymous film , co-written with film-director Sta... | [
"Peter Davison ( born Peter R. Moffett ; on 13 April 1951 ) is a British actor , best known for his roles as Tristan Farnon in the television version of James Herriot 's All Creatures Great and Small and the fifth incarnation of the Doctor in Doctor Who , which he played from 1982 to 1984 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Geology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Geology:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Carros is a commune . | [
"Carros is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Psycho Circus is a studio album by the American hard rock\/heavy metal band Kiss . | [
"Psycho Circus is the 18th studio album by the American band Kiss ."
] | [
"Virgin Killer is the fourth studio album by the German heavy metal band Scorpions ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
Ú Ø Ø Ù ) was an administrative division of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan , until the reforms of 2000 abolished it . | [
"Ú Ø Ø Ù ) was an administrative division of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan , until the reforms of 2000 abolished the third tier of government ."
] | [
"Gwadar was made a district on July 1 , 1977 when Makran Division was created and divided into three districts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Makran Division ( Urdu : Ø Ù Ø Ù Ú Ù | [
"Makran Division ( Persian : Ù"
] | [
"Kader Abdollah is the pen name of Hossein Sadjadi Ghaemmaghami Farahani ( Persian : Ø Ø Û Ù Ø Ø Ø Ø Û Ù Ø Ø Ù"
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
The University of York is a university in the city of York , England . | [
"The University of York ( informally York University , or simply York , occasionally abbreviated as Ebor . for post-nominals ) , is an academic institution located in the city of York , England ."
] | [
"Osgoode Hall Law School is a Canadian law school , located in Toronto , Ontario , Canada and affiliated with York University ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
York University began in 1963 . York has expanded to more than 30 departments and centres , covering many subjects . | [
"Established in 1963 , the campus university has expanded to more than thirty departments and centres , covering a wide range of subjects ."
] | [
"Since 1961 nearly 2.5 million alumni have received a bachelor 's , master 's or doctoral degree from the university system . CSU offers more than 1,800 degree programs in some 240 subject areas ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In the last Research Assessment Exercise York was named the 6th best research institution in the United Kingdom . | [
"In the last Research Assessment Exercise in 2008 , York was also named as the 8th best research institution in the United Kingdom ."
] | [
"The Lombardi Program on Measuring University Performance at Arizona State University detailed analysis and rankings of American universities currently places Ohio State as the 24th ranked university in America , the 10th ranked public university in the country and the top overall university in Ohio ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Waylon Arnold Jennings ( June 15 , 1937 â `` February 13 , 2002 ) was an American country singer and guitarist . | [
"Waylon Arnold Jennings ( June 15 , 1937 - February 13 , 2002 ) was an American country music singer , songwriter , and musician ."
] | [
"Peter Aurness ( March 18 , 1926 â `` March 14 , 2010 ) , known professionally as Peter Graves , was an American film and television actor ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In the 1980s he formed the group The Highwaymen along with Willie Nelson , Johnny Cash and Kris Kristofferson . | [
"In the mid-1980s , Johnny Cash , Kris Kristofferson , Nelson and Jennings formed a successful group called The Highwaymen ."
] | [
"In addition to his main solo career , West has worked as a songwriter for many Christian musicians and groups such as Point of Grace , Mandisa , and Natalie Grant , as well as mainstream country acts Rascal Flatts and Billy Ray Cyrus ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
On February 13 , 2002 , Waylon Jennings died in Chandler , Arizona from health complications due to diabetes . | [
"Then , on February 13 , 2002 , Jennings died in his sleep of diabetic complications in Chandler , Arizona ."
] | [
"Mako died in Somis , California on July 21 , 2006 , aged 72 , from esophageal cancer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
Jennings first became famous as a member of Buddy Holly 's backing band . On February 3 , 1959 , while playing shows with Holly , he gave up his airplane seat J. P. `` The Big Bopper '' Richardson . | [
"Jennings escaped death in the February 3 , 1959 , plane crash that took the lives of Buddy Holly , Ritchie Valens , and J.P. `` The Big Bopper '' Richardson , when he gave up his seat to Richardson who had been sick with the flu ."
] | [
"Her second marriage , in December 1947 , was to the famous bass player Ray Brown , whom she had met while on tour with Dizzy Gillespie 's band a year earlier ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In 1979 , he recorded the theme song for the television show The Dukes of Hazzard . Jennings also became the narrator of the show for all seven seasons . | [
"In 1979 , he recorded the theme song for the hit television show The Dukes of Hazzard , and also served as the narrator ( `` The Balladeer '' ) for all seven seasons of the show ."
] | [
"In addition to being used as a tag for his entrance on CBS episodes he hosted , Steve Allen 's composition `` This Could Be the Start of Something '' was used as the opening theme in 1972 arranged by Edd Kalehoff for Score Productions ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
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The Neanderthal genome project is a project for the sequencing of the Neanderthal genome . The project was announced by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany and 454 Life Sciences in the United States in July 2006 . | [
"The Neanderthal genome project is a collaboration of scientists coordinated by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany and 454 Life Sciences in the United States to sequence the Neanderthal genome ."
] | [
"Bartonella rochalimae is a recently discovered strain of Gram-negative bacteria in the Bartonella genus , isolated by researchers at the University of California at San Francisco ( UCSF ) , Massachusetts General Hospital , and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ."
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I puritani is an Italian opera in three acts by Vincenzo Bellini , first performed in Paris , on January 25 , 1835 , libretto by Carlo Pepoli , after Jacques Ancelot and Xavier Boniface Saintine 's TÃ tes Rondes et Cavaliers , itself based on Sir Walter Scott 's Old Morality . | [
"It is his last opera . Its libretto is by Count Carlo Pepoli based on Tà tes rondes et Cavaliers by Jacques-Fran à ois Ancelot and Joseph Xavier Saintine , which is in turn based on Walter Scott 's novel Old Mortality ."
] | [
"La sonnambula ( The Sleepwalker ) is an opera semiseria in two acts , with music in the bel canto tradition by Vincenzo Bellini to an Italian libretto by Felice Romani , based on a ballet-pantomime by Eugà ne Scribe ."
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A sporangium ( pl : sporangia ) is an enclosure in which spores are formed . | [
"A sporangium ( pl . , sporangia ) ( modern Latin , from Greek spora â sporeâ + angeion â vessel . â ) is an enclosure in which spores are formed ."
] | [
"The megagametophyte ( also called embryo sac in flowering plants ) produces the egg cell for fertilization ."
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It can be a single cell or multicellular . | [
"It can be composed of a single cell or can be multicellular ."
] | [
"In the cookie , the agent of cohesion has become some form of oil ."
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Sporangia can produce asexual spores by mitosis , but in nearly all land plants and many fungi , sporangia are the site of meiosis , and produce genetically unique haploid spores . | [
"Sporangia , also known as sporanges ( sing . , sporange ) , can produce spores by mitosis , but in nearly all land plants and many fungi , sporangia are the site of meiosis and produce genetically unique haploid spores ."
] | [
"Cell division also enables a sexually reproducing organisms to develop from the one-celled zygote , which itself was produced by cell division from gametes ."
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Guitarist Marc Moreland died of kidney and liver failure on March 13 , 2002 . | [
"Two former members died within a few years of each other in the early 2000s ; Joe Nanini died of a brain hemorrhage on December 4 , 2000 , and Marc Moreland died of kidney and liver failure on March 13 , 2002 ."
] | [
"Holiday remained under police guard at the hospital until she died from cirrhosis of the liver on July 17 , 1959 ."
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When someone jokingly compared the multiple drum machine and farfisa organ laden recordings to Phil Spector 's Wall Of Sound , Ridgway commented it sounded more like a `` Wall Of Voodoo '' , and the name stuck . | [
"When Ridgway jokingly compared the multiple-drum-machine - and Farfisa-organ-laden recordings to Phil Spector 's Wall of Sound , Berardi commented it sounded more like a `` wall of voodoo '' , and the name stuck ."
] | [
"The film features a new Oasis song also called `` Lord Do n't Slow Me Down '' , written by Noel Gallagher and recorded during the Do n't Believe the Truth sessions , Gallagher described it as being `` one of the best things , like The Who , The Yardbirds and the Jeff Beck Group combined , and it 's got two drum so... | SimpleWiki | {
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Instead , Acme Soundtracks evolved into a band that played live shows , as Ridgway ( vocals , harmonica , keyboards ) enlisted Marc Moreland ( guitar ) followed by Marc 's brother Bruce Moreland ( bass ) , Chas T. Gray ( keyboards ) , and Joe Nanini ( percussion ) to the line-up . | [
"Marc Moreland , guitarist for The Skulls began jamming with Ridgway at the Acme Soundtracks office and the soundtrack company morphed into a New Wave band . In 1977 , with the addition of Skulls members Bruce Moreland ( Marc Moreland 's brother ) as bassist and Chas T. Gray as keyboardist , along with Joe Nanini ,... | [
"The band formed in 1985 in Minneapolis , Minnesota with Mark Olson ( acoustic guitar and vocals ) , Gary Louris ( electric guitar and vocals ) , Marc Perlman ( bass ) and Norm Rogers ( drums ) ."
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Valparaiso is a city of Indiana in the United States . | [
"Emblazoned on the flag is a `` V '' which stands for the V 's of Valparaiso : Valparaiso University , Valparaiso High School , and Valparaiso Technical Institute ."
] | [
"Cairo is a city in Alexander County , Illinois in the United States ."
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Wild hamsters live in the desert , but people all over the world keep domesticated hamsters as pets . There are four main types of hamsters : the Syrian hamster ( the kind most people have as pets ) , the Russian dwarf hamster , the Chinese hamster , and the Roborovski hamster . | [
"Other hamsters that are kept as pets are the four species of `` dwarf hamster '' ."
] | [
"It mainly infects birds , but is known to infect humans , horses , dogs , cats , bats , chipmunks , skunks , squirrels , domestic rabbits , crocodiles and alligators ."
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Wild hamsters live in the desert , but people all over the world keep domesticated hamsters as pets . | [
"Although breeders of show hamsters specialise in breeding show hamsters , there are also owners who have bred their pet hamsters . These may be the result of a planned or unplanned pregnancy but the hamsters have usually been cared for well and handled regularly , so make very suitable pets ."
] | [
"Rabbits as pets can find their companionship with a variety of creatures , including humans , other rabbits , guinea pigs , and sometimes even cats and dogs . Animal welfare organizations such as the House Rabbit Society advise that rabbits do not make good pets for small children because children generally do not... | SimpleWiki | {
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On April 10 , 1957 , the 16th anniversary of the founding of the Independent State of Croatia , the 67 year old PaveliÄ was shot and seriously wounded by an unknown assailant in Buenos Aires . | [
"On 10 April 1957 , the 16th anniversary of the founding of the Independent State of Croatia , PaveliÄ was shot in the back and seriously wounded when getting off a bus in Lomas del Palomar near Buenos Aires . Although the assailant remains unknown , the attempt is usually attributed to Yugoslavian intelligence ."
... | [
"Vjekoslav `` Maks '' LuburiÄ , commander-in-chief of all the Croatian camps , announced the great `` efficiency '' of the Jasenovac camp at a ceremony as early as 9 October 1942 ."
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Despite having a bullet in his spine , PaveliÄ elected not to be hospitalized . | [
"Despite the bullet lodging in his spine , PaveliÄ elected not to be hospitalized ."
] | [
"Phà c sustained third-degree burns to half her body and was not expected to live after the attack by South Vietnamese aircraft ."
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Later , during World War II , he will be the leader ( Poglavnik - Head ) of the Independent State of Croatia , a puppet state of Nazi Germany . | [
"He ruled as Poglavnik or head , of the Independent State of Croatia ( NDH ) , a World War II puppet state of Nazi Germany in Axis-occupied Yugoslavia ."
] | [
"As German forces withdrew from Yugoslavia in 1945 , the UstaÅ e mostly left the country , part of them remained in SFR Yugoslavia as resistance group known as Crusaders and large number of them was killed without trial by Yugoslav forces ( the Partisans ) after the end of war ."
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PaveliÄ 's regime was not officially recognized by the Vatican , but at no point did the Church condemn the genocide and forced conversions to Catholicism perpetrated by the UstaÅ e. Soon after coming to power in April 1941 PaveliÄ was given a private audience in Rome by Pope Pius XII , an act for which the Pope was wi... | [
"PaveliÄ 's regime was not officially recognized by the Vatican , but the Church never condemned the genocide and forced conversions to Catholicism perpetrated by the UstaÅ e. Soon after coming to power in April 1941 , PaveliÄ was given a private audience in Rome by Pope Pius XII , an act for which the Pope was wid... | [
"Vladko MaÄ ek , the leader of the Croatian Peasant Party ( HSS ) which was the most influential party in Croatia at the time , rejected German offers to lead the new government ."
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PaveliÄ died on 28 December 1959 , at the German hospital in Madrid , reportedly from complications due to the bullet in his spine . . | [
"Ante PaveliÄ died in Madrid on 28 December 1959 at the German hospital aged 70 , reportedly from complications due to the bullet still lodged in his spine ."
] | [
"She died on 15 September 2006 , in her native Florence , from lung cancer ."
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Two weeks later , the Argentine government agreed to the Tito government 's request to extradite PaveliÄ , and he went into hiding . | [
"Two weeks after the shooting , the Argentine authorities agreed to grant the Yugoslav government 's request to extradite PaveliÄ , but he went into hiding beforehand ."
] | [
"Eisenstein , Alexandrov , and Tisse were allowed , after a month 's stay at the U.S.-Mexico border outside Laredo , Texas , a 30-day `` pass '' to get from Texas to New York , and thence depart for Moscow , while Kimbrough returned to Los Angeles with the remaining film ."
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The Ustashas committed their deeds in a bestial manner not only against males of conscript age , but especially against helpless old people , women and children . | [
"The UstaÅ e committed their deeds in a bestial manner not only against males of conscript age , but especially against helpless old people , women and children ."
] | [
"However , Archbishop Stepinac also said this on 28 March 1941 , noting Yugoslavia 's early attempts to unite Croatians and Serbs : `` All in all , Croats and Serbs are of two worlds , northpole and southpole , never will they be able to get together unless by a miracle of God ."
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Although there were reports that he had fled to work for the Stroessner regime in Paraguay , PaveliÄ 's whereabouts remained unknown until late 1959 , where it was learned that he had been granted asylum in Spain . | [
"Although reports circulated that PaveliÄ had fled to Paraguay to work for the Stroessner regime , his whereabouts remained unknown until late 1959 , when it was learned that he had been granted asylum in Spain ."
] | [
"Berneri , a World War I veteran , University of Florence professor of humanities , and a member of the Unione Anarchica Italiana , had been opposed to the takeover of his country by Fascists , engaging in resistance until 1926 , when he was forced to take refuge to France , then Switzerland , Germany , Belgium , L... | SimpleWiki | {
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Ante PaveliÄ ( 14 July 1889 â `` 28 December 1959 ) was the founding member of the Croatian national socialist\/fascist UstaÅ e movement and terrorist organization in the 1930s . | [
"Ante PaveliÄ ( 14 July 1889 â `` 28 December 1959 ) was a Croatian fascist leader , revolutionary , and politician ."
] | [
"The issue of StarÄ eviÄ 's alleged racism was further elaborated by Ivo Pilar , under the pseudonym L. von SÃ 1\\/4 dland ) The same book was translated into Croatian in 1943 , by Independent State of Croatia , as one of the tenets of its UstaÅ e. This racist work was reprinted in 1990 in Croatia ."
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A Gestapo report to Himmler ( 17 February 1942 ) on increased Partisan activities stated that `` Increased activity of the bands is chiefly due to atrocities carried out by Ustasha units in Croatia against the Orthodox population . | [
"A report to Gestapo chief Heinrich Himmler dated 17 February 1942 on increased Partisan activities stated that `` Increased activity of the bands is chiefly due to atrocities carried out by UstaÅ e units in Croatia against the Orthodox population . ''"
] | [
"After the end of World War II , he was charged by the U.S. military court at Dachau to have participated in `` executions of special ethnic groups or war prisoners '' ."
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The singular lack of armed protection afforded to the Yugoslav monarch , and the general laxity of security precautions when it was well-known that one attempt had already been made on Alexander 's life are grim tributes to PaveliÄ organizational abilities ; he had apparently been able to bribe a high official in the S... | [
"A general laxity in security and the absence of armed protection afforded the Yugoslav monarch when it was common knowledge that one attempt had already been made on Alexander 's life testify to PaveliÄ 's organizational abilities ; he had apparently been able to bribe a high official in the Sà '' retà General ."
... | [
"The directors and guards of the Western powers ( France , Britain , and the United States ) , repeatedly voiced opposition to many of the stricter measures and made near-constant protest about them to their superiors throughout the prison 's existence , but they were invariably vetoed by the Soviet Union , which f... | SimpleWiki | {
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There are an estimated 4,000 species ( about 2,600 taxonomically known ) . About 10 % are pests which can cause serious structural damage to buildings , crops or plantation forests . | [
"Termites mostly feed on dead plant material , generally in the form of wood , leaf litter , soil , or animal dung , and about 10 percent of the estimated 4,000 species ( about 2,600 taxonomically known ) are economically significant as pests that can cause serious structural damage to buildings , crops or plantati... | [
"Insectivorous insects , or insects which feed on other insects , are beneficial to humans because they eat insects that could cause damage to agriculture and human structures ."
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Termites are an order of social insects , the Isoptera . They are sometimes called `` white ants '' , incorrectly , because ants belong to the Order Hymenoptera . | [
"While termites are commonly known , especially in Australia , as `` white ants , '' they are not closely related to true ants ."
] | [
"The subphylum Hexapoda ( from the Greek for six legs ) constitutes the largest ( in terms of number of species ) grouping of arthropods and includes the insects as well as three much smaller groups of wingless arthropods : Collembola , Protura , and Diplura ( all of these were once considered insects ) ."
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Termites live in colonies that , at maturity , hold from several hundred to several million individuals . | [
"As eusocial insects , termites live in colonies that , at maturity , number from several hundred to several million individuals ."
] | [
"Older males can get much larger , reaching at least 3200 k and occasionally weighing 4500 k. Male hippos appear to continue growing throughout their lives ; females reach a maximum weight at around age 25 ."
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They are a prime example self-organised systems which use swarm intelligence . They use this cooperation to exploit food sources and environments which would not be available to any single insect acting alone . | [
"Colonies use a decentralised , self-organised systems of activity guided by swarm intelligence to exploit food sources and environments that could not be available to any single insect acting alone ."
] | [
"However , it may be difficult to reintroduce EW species into the wild , even if their natural habitats were restored , because survival techniques , which are normally passed from parents to offspring during parenting , may be lost ."
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Ragnvald , Earl of MÃ re received Orkney and Shetland as an earldom from the king as reparation for his son 's being killed in battle in Scotland . Ragnvald gave the earldom to his brother Sigurd the Mighty . | [
"Rognvald Eysteinsson received Orkney and Shetland from Harald as an earldom as reparation for the death of his son in battle in Scotland , and then passed the earldom on to his brother Sigurd the Mighty ."
] | [
"According to the Finnesburg Fragment , the Danish prince Hnaef came with sixty followers to visit and spent the winter at the Finnburg , the fort of his brother-in-law Finn , king of the Frisians ."
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From the Northern Isles they continued to raid Scotland and Norway , prompting Harald HÃ rfagre to raise a large fleet which he sailed to the islands . In about 875 he and his forces took control of Shetland and Orkney . | [
"In response , Norwegian king Harald HÃ rfagre ( `` Harald Fair Hair '' ) annexed the Northern Isles ( comprising Orkney and Shetland ) in 875 ."
] | [
"Upon Cnut 's death ( 12 November 1035 ) , Harold 's younger half-brother Harthacnut , the son of Cnut and his queen Emma of Normandy , was legitimate heir to the thrones of both the Danes and the English . Harthacnut , however , was unable to travel to his coronation in England because his Danish kingdom was under... | SimpleWiki | {
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Shetland ( or the Shetland Islands ) is an archipelago , the furthest out part of Scotland . | [
"However the industry faces challenges due to plagiarism of the word `` Shetland '' by manufacturers operating elsewhere and a certification trademark - `` The Shetland Lady '' - has been registered . Shetland is served by a weekly local newspaper , The Shetland Times and the online Shetland News with radio service... | [
"Great Bernera , often known just as Bernera is an island in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland ."
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Telford United is no longer Telford United as they had too much money problems and dropped 4 leagues . They are now AFC Telford United . | [
"Telford United F.C. was an English football team based in Telford , Shropshire ."
] | [
"However on the other hand , Newcastle West End were in serious financial trouble and approached East End with a view to a take over . Newcastle West End were eventually dissolved , and a number of their players and backroom staff joined Newcastle East End , effectively merging the two clubs , with Newcastle East E... | SimpleWiki | {
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Happencourt is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France . | [
"Happencourt is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
] | [
"Mont-d ` Origny is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
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Langkawi is an island in the Malaysian state of Kedah . This island received its duty-free status in 1987 . | [
"Langkawi is a duty-free island ."
] | [
"Manama was declared a free port in 1958 , and in 1971 it became the capital of independent Bahrain ."
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Gunnysacking is a metaphor , used in conflict resolution , which involves the act of `` storing up '' grievances acquired in the course of a relationship , rather than resolve them when they first occurred . | [
"Gunnysacking is a metaphor used in conflict resolution that involves the act of `` storing up '' grievances acquired in the course of a relationship without systematically resolving them ."
] | [
"This reciprocal nature of interpersonal popularity is often overlooked by people ( particularly the young ) who are attempting to become popular : being loud may be successful in gaining attention , but is unlikely to provide mutual respect ."
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A gunny sack is a cloth container ( such as a burlap sack ) used for carrying or storing various things . | [
"A gunny sack is a cloth container used for carrying or storing various things ."
] | [
"Depending on region , the term `` hay rick '' could refer to the machine for cutting hay , the hay stack or the wagon used to collect the hay ."
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In which case , gunnysacking ( as a tactic ) has the dual effect of raising additional problems ( in what is typically already a volatile , difficult situation ) and presents a side-track obstacle to dealing with the current issues . | [
"In which case , gunnysacking ( as a tactic ) has the dual effect of raising additional problems ( in what is typically already a volatile situation ) and presents an obstacle to dealing with the current issues ."
] | [
"Even a minor slip-up in neutrality in a court-case article on Wikipedia for an active case-in-progress could potentially be noticed by the courts or their parties , and this could potentially cause real-world harm , not just harm to Wikipedia ."
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La Thieuloye is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France . | [
"La Thieuloye is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
] | [
"Vieil-Hesdin ( Eng : Old-Hesdin ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France ."
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Alexander Mackenzie , PC ( January 28 , 1822 â `` April 17 , 1892 ) was the second Prime Minister of Canada . | [
"Alexander Mackenzie , PC ( January 28 , 1822 â `` April 17 , 1892 ) , a building contractor and newspaper editor , was the second Prime Minister of Canada from November 7 , 1873 to October 8 , 1878 ."
] | [
"Sir Joseph Cook , GCMG ( 7 December 1860 â `` 30 July 1947 ) was an Australian politician and the sixth Prime Minister of Australia ."
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Saint-Paul-l à s-Durance is a commune of 928 people ( 2005 ) . It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-C à te d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rh à ne department in the south of France . | [
"Saint-Paul-l à s-Durance is a commune in the Bouches-du-Rh à ne department in southern France ."
] | [
"Allauch ( Alaug in Occitan ; ) is a commune situated east of Marseille in the department of Bouches-du-Rh à ne in the Provence-Alpes-C à te d'Azur region of France ."
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He plays for Lazio . | [
"Manfredini currently plays for Italian Serie A side Lazio ."
] | [
"He currently manages Kashima Antlers ."
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Christian Manfredini ( born 1 May 1975 ) is a CÃ te d'Ivoire football player . | [
"Christian Josà Manfredini Sisostri , known as Christian Manfredini , ( born 1 May 1975 ) is an Ivorian-Italian footballer ."
] | [
"Roberto JÃ lio de Figueiredo ( born 20 February 1979 ) is a Brazilian soccer player ."
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Kestenholz is a municipality in the district GÃ u in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland . | [
"Kestenholz is a municipality in the district of GÃ u in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Winznau is a municipality in the district of GÃ sgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland ."
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Known for his scientific insight and wit , Brenner for many years penned a regular column ( `` Loose Ends '' ) in the journal Current Biology . | [
"Known for his penetrating scientific insight and acerbic wit , Brenner for many years penned a regular column ( `` Loose Ends '' ) in the journal Current Biology ."
] | [
"Its first published use is credited to Don Hoefler , a friend of Vaerst 's , who used the phrase as the title of a series of articles in the weekly trade newspaper Electronic News . The series , entitled `` Silicon Valley in the USA , '' began in the paper 's issue dated January 11 , 1971 ."
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For this work , he shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Robert Horvitz and John Sulston . | [
"For this work , he shared the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with H. Robert Horvitz and John Sulston ."
] | [
"Born won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics ( shared with Walther Bothe ) ."
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Brenner founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley , CA in 1996 . He is currently associated with the Salk Institute , the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , the Singapore Biomedical Research Council and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute . | [
"Brenner founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley , CA in 1996and is currently associated with the Salk Institute , the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology , the Singapore Biomedical Research Council and the Janelia Farm Research Campus , Howard Hughes Medical Institute ."
] | [
"Jack William Szostak ( born November 9 , 1952 ) is an American biologist of Polish British descent and Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and Alexander Rich Distinguished Investigator at Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston ."
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His Nobel lecture in December 2002 , `` Nature 's gift to science '' is a homage to this modest nematode . He considers chosing the right organism is as important as picking the right problems to work on . | [
"The title of his Nobel lecture on December 2002 , `` Nature 's Gift to Science '' is a homage to this modest nematode , and he considered that having chosen the right organism turned out to be as important as having addressed the right problems to work on ."
] | [
"According to Professor Nick Hastie , director of the Medical Research Council 's Human Genetics Unit , said : `` It is very unusual for a piece of work to completely revolutionize the whole way we think about biological processes and regulation , but this has opened up a whole new field in biology . ''"
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Brenner is noted for his generosity of ideas and the great number of students and colleagues his ideas have stimulated . | [
"Brenner is also noted for his generosity of ideas and the great number of students and colleagues his ideas have stimulated ."
] | [
"The tendency has been for this fine anatomical work to be overshadowed by his energetic and controversial activity in favor of evolution , and by his extensive public work on scientific education , both of which had significant effects on society in Britain and elsewhere ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Brenner chose this 1 millimeter-long soil roundworm mainly because it is simple , is easy to grow in bulk populations , and turned out to be convenient for genetic analysis . | [
"Brenner chose this 1 millimeter-long soil roundworm mainly because it is simple , is easy to grow in bulk populations , and turned out to be quite convenient for genetic analysis ."
] | [
"However , how this biochemical toolkit is used to interpret an organism 's environment varies widely : eyes have a wide range of structures and forms , all of which have evolved quite late relative to the underlying proteins and molecules ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Sydney Brenner CH FRS ( born 13 January 1927 ) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate , shared with Robert Horvitz and John Sulston . | [
"Sydney Brenner , CH FRS ( born January 13 , 1927 ) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate , shared with H. Robert Horvitz and John Sulston ."
] | [
"Edward B. Lewis ( May 20 , 1918 â `` July 21 , 2004 ) was an American geneticist , a corecipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ."
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