query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Task parallelism ( also known as Thread level parallelism , function parallelism and control parallelism ) is a form of parallel computing for multiple processors using a technique for distributing execution of processes and threads across different parallel processor nodes . | [
"Task parallelism ( also known as function parallelism and control parallelism ) is a form of parallelization of computer code across multiple processors in parallel computing environments . Task parallelism focuses on distributing execution processes ( threads ) across different parallel computing nodes ."
] | [
"Distributed computing also refers to the use of distributed systems to solve computational problems . In distributed computing , a problem is divided into many tasks , each of which is solved by one or more computers ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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As a simple example , if we are running code on a 2-processor system ( CPUs `` a '' & `` b '' ) in a parallel computing environment and we want to do tasks `` A '' and `` B '' , it is possible to tell CPU `` a '' to do task `` A '' and CPU `` b '' to do task ` B '' simultaneously ( at the same time ) , in order to reduce the runtime of the execution . | [
"As a simple example , if we are running code on a 2-processor system ( CPUs `` a '' & `` b '' ) in a parallel environment and we wish to do tasks `` A '' and `` B '' , it is possible to tell CPU `` a '' to do task `` A '' and CPU `` b '' to do task ` B '' simultaneously , thereby reducing the runtime of the execut... | [
"The Sandbox Team is said to have `` taken this existing process boundary and made it into a jail '' ; for example , malicious software running in one tab is supposed to be unable to sniff credit card numbers entered in another tab , interact with mouse inputs , or tell Windows to `` run an executable on start-up '... | SimpleWiki | {
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Different execution threads communicate with one another usually to pass data as they work . | [
"In the general case , different execution threads communicate with one another as they work ."
] | [
"A buffer is a temporary memory location , that is traditionally used because CPU instructions can not directly address data stored in peripheral devices ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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There is no uniform design ; most bolas have two or three balls , but there are versions of up to 8 or 9 balls . | [
"There is no uniform design ; most bolas have two or three balls , but there are versions of up to eight or nine ."
] | [
"It is easily recognisable by its distinctive traverse bands , which are of a much darker color than the rest of the body , and number between 5 and 7 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Gauchos use bolas made of leather cords with wooden balls or small leather sacks full of stones in the ends of the cords . | [
"Gauchos use bolas made of braided leather cords with wooden balls or small leather sacks full of stones at the ends of the cords ."
] | [
"Philippine historical records indicate that 16th-century hunters hiding in trees used a rock tied to a cord up to 20 feet in length to throw at wild animals beneath them -- the cord enabling retrieval of the rock after missed attempts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Bolas ( from Spanish bola , `` ball '' , also known as boleadoras ) are a throwing weapon made of weights on the ends of interconnected cords , designed to capture animals by entangle their legs . | [
"Bolas ( from Spanish bola , `` ball '' , also known as boleadoras , or Inca ayllo ) are a throwing weapon superficially similar to the surujin , made of weights on the ends of interconnected cords , designed to capture animals by entangling their legs ."
] | [
"Philippine historical records indicate that 16th-century hunters hiding in trees used a rock tied to a cord up to 20 feet in length to throw at wild animals beneath them -- the cord enabling retrieval of the rock after missed attempts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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They are used by the gauchos in South America today , but have been found in excavations of pre-Hispanic settlements , especially in Patagonia , where indigenous peoples used them to catch guanaco and à andu . | [
"They are most famously used by the South American gauchos , but have been found in excavations of Pre-Columbian settlements , especially in Patagonia , where indigenous peoples used them to catch guanaco and à andà ."
] | [
"The area is rich in archaeological remains , particularly rock drawings which depict men hunting , farming , and cattle-rearing ; the skeleton of Asselar man was also found in the area by Thà odore Monod ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Grangues is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Grangues is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | [
"Sainte-Marie-Outre-l ` Eau is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Lamar is a small community in Aransas County , Texas , ten miles north of Rockport and forty miles north of Corpus Christi . | [
"Lamar is a small , unincorporated community in Aransas County , Texas ( USA ) , ten miles north of Rockport and forty miles north of Corpus Christi ."
] | [
"The community is located in the extreme eastern part of the county on Bolivar Peninsula , less than one mile from Chambers County and less than two miles from Jefferson county ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Like the ( otherwise unconnected ) Lamar County it was named for Mirabeau B. Lamar , the second president of the Republic of Texas . | [
"The community was named for Mirabeau B. Lamar , the second president of the Republic of Texas ."
] | [
"Jane Irwin Harrison ( Mercersburg , Franklin , Pennsylvania , July 23 , 1804 -- May 11 , 1846 ) , who married William Henry Harrison Jr , was the daughter-in-law of William Henry Harrison , ninth President of the United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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As of 2006 , the municipality of Medellà n had a population of 2.4 million inhabitants . | [
"It has a population of 2.4 million ."
] | [
"As of 2006 , Cranbrook 's population is 18,947 , and the metropolitan population is 27,229 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Herznach is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland . | [
"Herznach is a municipality in the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Birmenstorf is a municipality in the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Glossolalia ( often called speaking in tongues ) ( from Greek Î Î '' Ï Ï Ï Î Î '' Î Î '' Î Î and that from Î Î '' á Ï Ï Î - glossa `` tongue , language '' and Î '' Î Î '' Î á -- Î 1\/2 ( lalein ) `` to talk '' ) is making noises that sound like language but are not a known language . | [
"` Glossolalia ' is constructed from the Greek word Î Î '' Ï Ï Ï Î Î '' Î Î '' Î Î , itself a compound of the words Î Î '' á Ï Ï Î ( glossa ) , meaning `` tongue '' or `` language '' and Î '' Î Î '' Î Ï ( laleÅ ) , `` I speak , I talk '' ."
] | [
"His term is derived from the Greek term '' á 1\\/4 Î Ï Î Ï Ï Î Î '' meaning `` rule by priests '' ( from '' á 1\\/4 Î Ï Î Ï Ï Î Ï '' â `` ierarches , meaning `` president of sacred rites , high-priest '' and that from '' á 1\\/4 Î Ï Î Ï Ï '' â `` iereus , `` priest '' + '' á 1\\/4 Ï Ï Î '' â `` arche , amongst oth... | SimpleWiki | {
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Flora 's spectrum indicates that its surface is made of a mixture of silicate rock ( including pyroxene and olivine ) and nickel-iron metal . | [
"Flora 's spectrum indicates that its surface composition is a mixture of silicate rock ( including pyroxene and olivine ) and nickel-iron metal ."
] | [
"It is classified as a D-type asteroid and is probably composed of organic-rich silicates , carbon and anhydrous silicates ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geology:",
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But Flora was almost certainly disrupted by the impact ( s ) that formed the family , and is probably an aggregate of most of the pieces . | [
"Nevertheless , Flora was almost certainly disrupted by the impact ( s ) that formed the family , and is probably a gravitational aggregate of most of the pieces ."
] | [
"It is estimated that the impact responsible excavated about 1 % of the entire volume of Vesta , and it is likely that the Vesta family and V-type asteroids are the products of this collision ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It is the closest big asteroid : no asteroid closer to the Sun has a diameter above 25 kilometres or two-elevenths that of Flora itself , and not until the tiny 149 Medusa was found was a single asteroid orbiting at a closer mean distance known . | [
"It is the innermost large asteroid : no asteroid closer to the Sun has a diameter above 25 kilometres or two-elevenths that of Flora itself , and not until the tiny 149 Medusa was discovered was a single asteroid orbiting at a closer mean distance known ."
] | [
"Duncan Steel , Gerhard Hahn , Mark Bailey , and David Asher carried out projections of its long term dynamical evolution , and found a good probability that it will become an Earth-crosser asteroid , and may spend a quarter of its life in such an orbit ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Flora was found by J. R. Hind on October 18 , 1847 . | [
"Flora was discovered by J. R. Hind on October 18 , 1847 ."
] | [
"He died in Santiago on July 26 , 1902 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The name Flora was proposed by John Herschel , from Flora , the Latin goddess of flowers and gardens , wife of Zephyrus ( the personnification of the West wind ) , mother of Spring , and whose Greek equivalent is Chloris ( who has her own asteroid , 410 Chloris ) . | [
"The name Flora was proposed by John Herschel , from Flora , the Latin goddess of flowers and gardens , wife of Zephyrus ( the personification of the West wind ) , mother of Spring , and whose Greek equivalent is Chloris ( who has her own asteroid , 410 Chloris ) ."
] | [
"Eunomia was discovered by Annibale de Gasparis on July 29 , 1851 and named after Eunomia , one of the Horae ( Hours ) , a personification of order and law in Greek mythology ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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During an observation on March 25 , 1917 , 8 Flora was mistaken for the star TU Leonis , which led to that star 's classification as a U Geminorum cataclysmic variable star . | [
"During an observation on March 25 , 1917 , 8 Flora was mistaken for the 15th magnitude star TU Leonis , which led to that star 's classification as a U Geminorum cataclysmic variable star ."
] | [
"Consequently Euphrosyne is never visible with binoculars , having a maximum magnitude at the best possible opposition of around +10.2 , which is actually fainter than any of the thirty asteroids previously discovered ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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8 Flora is a big , bright main belt asteroid . | [
"8 Flora is a large , bright main-belt asteroid ."
] | [
"Carme is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Flora is the parent body of the Flora family of asteroids , and by far the biggest member , having about 80 % of the total mass of this family . | [
"Flora is the parent body of the Flora family of asteroids , and by far the largest member , comprising about 80 % of the total mass of this family ."
] | [
"They are the most common variety forming around 75 % of known asteroids , and an even higher percentage in the outer part of the belt beyond 2.7 AU , which is dominated by this asteroid type ."
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"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Astronomy:",
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Flora can reach a magnitude of +7.9 at a favorable opposition near perihelion , such as will occur in mid November 2007 . | [
"Flora can reach a magnitude of +7.9 at a favorable opposition near perihelion , such as occurred in November 2007 ."
] | [
"Rarely , it comes as close as 6.4 Gm ( 16 lunar distances and 4 million miles ) , as it did on June 14 , 1968 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Couesmes-Vauc à is a commune of 383 people ( 1999 ) . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France . | [
"Couesmes-Vauc à is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-L Ã ger is a commune in the Mayenne department and Pays de la Loire region of France ."
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Lager Sylt was a Nazi concentration camp on Alderney in the Channel Islands , in operation between March 1943 and June 1944 . | [
"Lager Sylt was a Nazi concentration camp on Alderney in the British Crown Dependency , the Channel Islands , in operation between March 1943 and June 1944 ."
] | [
"During the Second World War , after the defeat of France , Saint-Denis was occupied by the Germans on 13 June 1940 ."
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A faded memorial plate in the island 's parish church mentions 45 Soviet citizens who died on Alderney in 1940-45 but does not say how they died and why . | [
"A faded memorial plate , tucked away behind the island 's parish church , vaguely mentions 45 Soviet citizens who died on Alderney in 1940-45 , without saying how they died and why ."
] | [
"Jacka never fully recovered from the multiple wounds he sustained during his war service , and died at the age of 39 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Local historian Colin Partridge feels this may be due to the locals ' desire to separat themselves from the accusations of collaboration . | [
"Local historian Colin Partridge feels this may be due to the locals ' desire to dissociate themselves from the accusations of collaboration ."
] | [
"However , he visited Dublin a number of times and realized that there were groups of people , just like him , interested in Irish , a language looked down on at the time by many and seen as backward and old-fashioned ."
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There are many different kinds of gloves . Gloves are made of many different fabrics and materials , and gloves are used in many ways . | [
"Cycling gloves for road racing or touring are usually fingerless , as are sailing gloves ."
] | [
"These banana shoots produce fibers of varying degrees of softness , yielding yarns and textiles with differing qualities for specific uses ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The city had a census population in 2005 of 189,176 persons . | [
"The city had a 2005 census population of 189,176 persons , but its metropolitan population reaches roughly 200,000 persons because of surrounding towns like el Centenario , el Zacatal and San Pedro ."
] | [
"ChÅ `` bu has a population estimate of 21,886,324 as of 2008 ."
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La Paz is the largest and capital city of the state of Baja California Sur , Mexico . | [
"La Paz ( , The Peace ) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Baja California Sur and an important regional commercial center ."
] | [
"Managua is the capital city of Nicaragua as well as the department and municipality by the same name ."
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Birrhard is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland . | [
"Birrhard is a municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Windisch is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland ."
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Bannu District is a district in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan . The city of Bannu is the capital . | [
"The modern district of Bannu was originally a tehsil of the old Bannu district of British India , in the Derajat Division of the North-West Frontier Province ."
] | [
"Kohat is a district of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan , Kohat city is the capital of the district ."
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The city of Bannu is the capital . | [
"Bannu has produced famous names and personalities who worked hard all their lives for the well being of the people of Bannu . From 1974 until 2005 the people of Bannu had been continuously requesting the Federal as well as Provincial Governments to establish a University in Bannu ."
] | [
"The city of Sialkot is the capital of the district ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Hidetoki Takahashi ( born 11 April 1916 - died 5 February 2000 ) is a former Japanese football player . | [
"Hidetoki Takahashi ( April 11 , 1916 -- February 5 , 2000 ) was a Japanese football player and manager ."
] | [
"Shu Kamo ( å è å ` Kamo Shu , born 29 October 1939 ) is a retired Japanese football player and currently a football manager ."
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( The islands are located at ) | [
"( islands are located at )"
] | [
"It is centered on ( in the city of Nantes , France ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Acklins and Crooked Islands was a district of the Bahamas until 1996 , and as Acklins , Crooked Island and Long Cay until 1999 . ( The islands are located at ) | [
"It consisted of a group of islands lying in a shallow lagoon called the Bight of Acklins , of which the largest are Crooked Island in the north and Acklins in the south-east , and the smaller are Long Cay ( once known as Fortune Island ) in the north-west , and Castle Island in the south ."
] | [
"San Salvador Island , also known as Watling Island , is an island and district of the Bahamas ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Vellerat is a municipality of the district of Delà mont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland . | [
"Vellerat is a municipality in the district of Delà mont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland ."
] | [
"Corban is a municipality in the district of Delà mont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Villers-Bocage , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France . | [
"Villers-Bocage is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northern France ."
] | [
"Saint-Germain-d ` Ectot is a commune in the Calvados in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Dieter Hoeneà ( born 7 January , 1953 ) is a former German football player . He has played for West Germany national team . | [
"Dieter Hoeneà ( born 7 January 1953 in Ulm , Baden-W à 1\\/4 rttemberg , West Germany ) is a former German footballer , who played as a striker ."
] | [
"Manfred Kaltz ( born 6 January 1953 ) is a former German football player and manager ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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â ' ; Purpose : Simlar to but for substituted templates instead . | [
"â ' ; Purpose : Similar to but for templates which should be substituted instead ."
] | [
"The distribution derived from `` Kano 's Scriptpage for Knoppix '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The term Opiate is sometimes used as a synonym . | [
"Although the term opiate is often used as a synonym for opioid , the term opiate is properly limited to only the natural alkaloids found in the resin of the opium poppy ( Papaver somniferum ) ."
] | [
"Tommy Atkins ( often just Tommy ) is a term for a common soldier in the British Army that was already well established in the nineteenth century , but is particularly associated with World War I. It can be used as a term of reference , or as a form of address ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Chevillard is a commune . | [
"Chevillard is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | [
"Serrià res-de-Briord is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The generic term is used in a lot of contexts . | [
"The generic term is employed in a variety of specific contexts ."
] | [
"These claims are also reflected in the variety of names used for the islands and the sea ."
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Federico Fellini ( born in Rimini , January 20 , 1920 , died in Rome , October 31 , 1993 ) was a famous Italian movie-maker and director . | [
"Federico Fellini , Knight Grand Cross ( ; January 20 , 1920 â `` October 31 , 1993 ) , was an Italian film director ."
] | [
"Bruno Mora ( born March 29 , 1937 in Parma ; died December 10 , 1986 in Parma ) was an Italian football player and coach ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Urban Meyer III ( born July 10 , 1964 ) is the current head coach of the Florida Gators team in NCAA football . | [
"Urban Meyer , III ( born July 10 , 1964 ) is a former American college football coach and former player , and current television sports analyst ."
] | [
"Peter Clay Carroll ( born September 15 , 1951 ) is the head coach and executive Vice-President of the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League ."
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As of May 7 , 2008 , the government of Burma has not officially endorsed international assistance , but stated that they are , `` willing to accept international assistance , preferably bilateral , government to government . '' | [
"As of May 7 , 2008 , the government of Burma had not officially endorsed international assistance , but stated that they were , `` willing to accept international assistance , preferably bilateral , government to government . ''"
] | [
"Government funding of NGOs is controversial , since , according to David Rieff , writing in The New Republic , `` the whole point of humanitarian intervention was precisely that NGOs and civil society had both a right and an obligation to respond with acts of aid and solidarity to people in need or being subjected... | SimpleWiki | {
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According to Thai Rath Newspaper of Thailand on 8 May 2008 , in the afternoon ( Bangkok time ) of 7 May 2008 , the Burmese junta permitted Italian flights containing relief supplies from the United Nations , and twenty-five tonnes of consumable goods , to land in Myanmar . | [
"According to Thai Rath Newspaper of Thailand on 8 May 2008 , in the afternoon ( Bangkok time ) of 7 May 2008 , the Burmese junta permitted Italian flights containing relief supplies from the United Nations , and twenty-five tonnes of consumable goods , to land in Burma ."
] | [
"By 07:30 UTC , all 91 passengers , 9 guides and 54 crew , from over 14 countries , were evacuated and had taken to the Explorer 's life boats . The evacuees drifted for 5 hours until they were picked up by the Norwegian ship MS Nordnorge which arrived on scene at approximately 10:00 UTC ."
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The biggest challenge at present is obtaining visas for entry into the country . | [
"The biggest challenge was obtaining visas for entry into the country ."
] | [
"Acting as a provider of loans is one of the principal tasks for financial institutions ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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However , many nations and organizations hope to deliver assistance and relief to Burma without delay . Most of their officials , supplies and stores are waiting in Thailand and at the Yangon airport , as the Burmese junta does not want to issue visas for many of those people . | [
"However , many nations and organizations hoped to deliver assistance and relief to Burma without delay ; most of their officials , supplies and stores were waiting in Thailand and at the Yangon airport , as the Burmese junta declined to issue visas for many of those individuals ."
] | [
"Activists in Portugal , Australia , the United States , and elsewhere pressured their governments to take action , with US President Bill Clinton eventually threatening Indonesia , in dire economic straits already , with the withdrawal of IMF loans ."
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On May 6 , 2008 , the Burma government representation in New York formally asked the United Nations for help . But in other ways , it remains resistant to the most basic assistance . | [
"On May 6 , 2008 , the Burma government representation in New York formally asked the United Nations for help , but in other ways it remained resistant to the most basic assistance ."
] | [
"John Key , the Prime Minister of New Zealand , held a telephone call with Gillard , during which she thanked New Zealand for its help ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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These political tensions raise the concern that some food and medical supplies might become unusable , even before the Burmese junta officially accepts the international relief effort . | [
"These political tensions raised the concern that some food and medical supplies might become unusable , even before the Burmese junta officially accepted the international relief effort ."
] | [
", calling for an immediate stop to rising prices ; however , due to the necessary timeframe , the period during which people will be able to sign for the initiative will only start after the election , thus limiting its impact ."
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It was the lead single from her third album , The Best Damn Thing ( 2007 ) . | [
"The song was written by Lavigne with her producer Dr. Luke for Lavigne 's third studio album , The Best Damn Thing ( 2007 ) . `` Girlfriend '' was released as the lead single from The Best Damn Thing on 27 February 2007 ."
] | [
"The band released their new album , entitled The Chaos , on 26 April 2010 in the UK ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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`` Girlfriend '' was the subject of a lawsuit filed by songwriters for The Rubinoos , who alleged that the writers of the song copied The Rubinos ' single `` I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend '' . Only one line , not even of the same tune was : `` Hey , hey , you , you ! | [
"One similarity noticed is The Rubinoos ' 1979 single `` I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend '' , in which they sing `` Hey hey , you you , I wanna be your boyfriend '' similar to `` Hey hey , you you , I could be your girlfriend '' in `` Girlfriend '' ."
] | [
"He later noted that , in fact , he had only ever wanted to sing on `` Do n't Look Back in Anger '' , and had used `` Wonderwall '' as a bargaining tool ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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`` Girlfriend '' is a song by Avril Lavigne . | [
"`` Girlfriend '' is a song by Canadian recording artist Avril Lavigne ."
] | [
"`` You Do n't Love Me Anymore '' is an original song and single by `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Malcolm Gladwell ( born September 3 , 1963 ) is a British-born Canadian journalist , author , and pop sociologist , living in New York City . | [
"Malcolm Gladwell ( born September 3 , 1963 ) is a Canadian writer for The New Yorker and best-selling author based in New York City ."
] | [
"Mark Boal ( born 1973 ) is an American journalist , screenwriter and film producer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He is well known as the author of the books , The Tipping Point ( 2000 ) , Blink ( 2005 ) , and Outliers ( 2008 ) . | [
"He is best known for his books The Tipping Point ( 2000 ) , Blink ( 2005 ) , Outliers ( 2008 ) , and What the Dog Saw : And Other Adventures ( 2009 ) ."
] | [
"Moggridge is the author of Designing Interactions ( ISBN 0-262-13474-8 ) , which was published in October 2006 and named one of the 10 Best Innovation and Design Books of 2006 by BusinessWeek magazine ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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He has written for The New Yorker since 1996 . | [
"He has been a staff writer for The New Yorker since 1996 ."
] | [
"The book was published on July 11 , 1960 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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In 1387 , the city was granted city rights by Jogaila , one of Gediminas ' successors . | [
"Vilnius was granted city rights by Jogaila in 1387 , following the Christianization of Lithuania and the construction of the Vilnius Cathedral ."
] | [
"Jagiellonians were hereditary rulers of Lithuania and Poland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The city was first mentioned in written sources in 1323 , in letters of Grand Duke Gediminas that were sent to German cities and invited Germans and members of the Jewish community to settle in the capital city . | [
"The city was first mentioned in written sources in 1323 as the capital city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the letters of Gediminas ."
] | [
"By the end of July the Paris Peace Conference granted the town to Poland and the Lithuanians withdrew from the town , but some of the Polish-inhabited lands were left on the Lithuanian side of the border while several Lithuanian villages were left on the Polish side of the so-called Foch Line ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania . | [
"This article is about the history of Vilnius , the capital and largest city of Lithuania ."
] | [
"Tirana is the capital and the largest city of Albania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Jalal Dabagh was born on May 12 , 1939 , in the city of Silà manà in Southern-Kurdistan . | [
"Jalal Dabagh was born on May 12 , 1939 , in Silà manà city in Southern-Kurdistan ."
] | [
"Hamo Beknazarian was born on May 19 , 1891 in Yerevan , the capital of Armenia , Russian Empire ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Jalal Dabagh has continuously participated in the Kurdish guerrilla movement ( the peshmerga ) and he has written and translated many books ; among other the Kurdish translation of The Communist Manifesto . | [
"Jalal Dabagh has written and translated numerous books ."
] | [
"Today , Kurdish is an official language in Iraq . In Syria , on the other hand , publishing material in Kurdish is forbidden ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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Jalal Dabagh was born on May 12 , 1939 , in the city of Silà manà in Southern-Kurdistan . He is a Kurdish politician and writer\/journalist . | [
"Jalal Dabagh ( born 1939 ) is a prominent Kurdish politician and writer\\/journalist ."
] | [
"Youssef Rzouga is a Tunisian poet , born on March 21 , 1957 in Mahdia , Tunisia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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A narcotic is a drug that causes a loss of feeling , or paralysis . The name narcotic was probably first used by the Greek physician Galen . | [
"The term `` narcotic '' is believed to have been coined by the Greek physician Galen to refer to agents that numb or deaden , causing loss of feeling or paralysis ."
] | [
"The application as an anesthetic turned out to be one of the few safe uses of cocaine , and as reports of addiction and overdose began to filter in from many places in the world , Freud 's medical reputation became somewhat tarnished ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Galen listed mandrake root or poppy juice among the main examples for such substances . | [
"Galen listed mandrake root , altercus ( eclata ) . seeds , and poppy juice ( opium ) as the chief examples ."
] | [
"The Romans believed the fumes produced by burning castoreum could induce an abortion ; Paracelsus thought it could be used in the treatment of epilepsy ; and medieval beekeepers used it to increase honey production ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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One percent of children born with this syndrome live to age ten , typically in cases of the less severe mosaic Edwards syndrome | [
"One percent of children born with this syndrome live to age 10 , typically in less severe cases of the mosaic Edwards syndrome ."
] | [
"In his work with albino children , he recognized that in some families where both parents carry a recessive mutation , no disease occurs by chance ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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It is estimated that about one in 3,000 live births are affected . | [
"The incidence of the syndrome is estimated as one in 3,000 live births ."
] | [
"In the United States , between 7,500 and 8,000 diagnoses of testicular cancer are made each year ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Trisomy 18 , also known as Trisomy E and Edwards syndrome is a trisomy . It is a genetic disorder . | [
"Trisomy 18 ( T18 ) ( also known as Trisomy E or Edwards syndrome ) is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra 18th chromosome ."
] | [
"Klinefelter syndrome , 47 , XXY , or XXY syndrome is a condition in which human males have an extra X chromosome ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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People with trisomy 18 have three copies of chromosome 18 . `` Normal '' people have two copies of the chromosome . | [
"Affected individuals have two copies of chromosome 18 plus extra material from chromosome 18 attached to another chromosome ."
] | [
"Females have two X chromosomes , whereas males have one X and one Y chromosome ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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The syndrome has a very low rate of survival . People with Edwards syndrome often have heart abnormalities , kidney malformations , and other internal organ disorders . | [
"The syndrome has a very low rate of survival , resulting from heart abnormalities , kidney malformations , and other internal organ disorders ."
] | [
"The aim is to detect birth defects such as neural tube defects , Down syndrome , chromosome abnormalities , genetic diseases and other conditions , such as spina bifida , cleft palate , Tay Sachs disease , sickle cell anemia , thalassemia , cystic fibrosis , and fragile x syndrome ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Castillon-la-Bataille is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Castillon-la-Bataille is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Le Verdon-sur-Mer is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Geography:",
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A doorstop ( or door stop or doorstopper ) is a tool . | [
"A doorstop ( or door stop ) is an object or device used to hold a door open or closed , or to prevent a door from opening too widely . Alternatively , a doorstop can be a thin slat built inside a door frame to prevent a door from swinging through when closed ."
] | [
"A candle snuffer is usually a small metal cup on the end of a long handle ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Martensdale is a city of Iowa in the United States . | [
"The Great Western Trail has its southern terminus in Martensdale ."
] | [
"Pleasant Grove is a city of Jefferson County , Alabama ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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Anson County is part of the Centralina Council of Governments . | [
"Anson County is a member of the regional Centralina Council of Governments ."
] | [
"Carteret County is a member of the regional Eastern Carolina Council of Governments ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
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In 1762 the western part of the county became Mecklenburg County . | [
"In 1762 the western part of Anson County became Mecklenburg County ."
] | [
"Charles Miles created the first permanent settlement in what came to be called the Marshall Township . In 1859 , it was split into six towns , Champlin and Dayton ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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In 1779 the northern part of the county became Montgomery County , and the part east of the Pee Dee River became Richmond County . | [
"In 1779 the northern part of what remained of Anson County became Montgomery County , and the part east of the Pee Dee River became Richmond County ."
] | [
"Webbville , a community of land squatters , was located 9 m northwest of present day Marianna and was designated as the county seat ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
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In 2000 , the population was 25,275 . | [
"As of 2000 , the population was 25,275 ."
] | [
"Suburban area is 99.69 square kilometers , suburban population is 35,823 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about statistics:",
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"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
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And in 1842 the western part of Anson County was combined with the southeastern part of Mecklenburg County to make Union County . | [
"Finally , in 1842 the western part of Anson County was combined with the southeastern part of Mecklenburg County to become Union County ."
] | [
"Albany County was organized December 16 , 1868 from Laramie County in Dakota Territory , which at the time had jurisdiction over part of modern-day Wyoming ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Anson County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina . | [
"Anson County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina ."
] | [
"Baker County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
In 1753 , the northern part of Anson County became Rowan County . | [
"Reductions in its extent began in 1753 , when the northern part of it became Rowan County ."
] | [
"Charles Miles created the first permanent settlement in what came to be called the Marshall Township . In 1859 , it was split into six towns , Champlin and Dayton ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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They are a polycurrent version ( 1500 CV direct current and 25 kV 50 Hz AC ) of the BB 7200 and BB 15000 classes , with which it shares the exterior appearance . | [
"They are a dual voltage version ( 1500 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC ) of the BB 7200 and BB 15000 classes ."
] | [
"To save money , standard 4000cc V8 engines are used in order to provide 580 hp at low cost ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Facebook is a social networking website that is privately owned by Facebook , Inc. . | [
"Facebook ( stylized facebook ) is a social networking service and website launched in February 2004 , operated and privately owned by Facebook , Inc. ."
] | [
"Zoosk is an online dating website with third-party applications on several social networking services . Zoosk is based in San Francisco , CA ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
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Since September 2006 , anyone who is 13 years old and older can become a Facebook user . | [
"Facebook allows anyone who declares themselves to be at least 13 years old to become a registered user of the website ."
] | [
"The $ 25 fee ( which is inclusive of GST ) will apply to all interstate and international visitors aged 16 years and over ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Every user has a wall and a private user profile page . | [
"Depending on privacy settings , anyone who can see a user 's profile can also view that user 's Wall ."
] | [
"A link to edit the first section of the talk page is shown within the template ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
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Nerima is one of the 23 wards of Tokyo . | [
"Nerima is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo , Japan ."
] | [
"Shinjuku Station is a train station located in Shinjuku and Shibuya wards in Tokyo , Japan ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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There is a long river in Nerima . | [
"In English , it calls itself Nerima City ."
] | [
"The province 's name means `` Lands across river IJssel '' ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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Aslak Brekke ( October 6 , 1901 -- 1978 ) was a Norwegian vocalist of stev ( a type of Scandinavian poetry which is sung ) . | [
"Aslak Brekke ( October 6 , 1901 -- 1978 ) was a prominent vocalist of one of the Scandinavian poetic genres that is referred to as stev ."
] | [
"John Stig Claesson ( June 2 , 1928 â `` January 4 , 2008 ) , also known under his signature Slas , was a Swedish writer , visual artist , and illustrator ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Its surface is very reflective ( bright ) and what it 's made of is probably a mixture of nickel-iron with magnesium - and iron-silicates . | [
"Its surface is highly reflective ( bright ) and its composition is probably a mixture of nickel-iron with magnesium - and iron-silicates ."
] | [
"It is made by treating manganese and diverse compounds of manganese ( II ) in hydrofluoric acid ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about Geology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Geology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Astrea is physically unremarkable but notable mainly because for 38 years ( after the discovery of Vesta in 1807 ) it had been thought that there were only four asteroids . | [
"Astraea is physically unremarkable but notable mainly because for 38 years ( after the discovery of Vesta in 1807 ) it had been thought that there were only four asteroids ."
] | [
"The moon did not receive its present name until 1975 ; before then , it was simply known as ' or Jupiter Satellite VI , although calls for a full name appeared shortly after its and Elara 's discovery ; A.C.D. Crommelin wrote in 1905 : Unfortunately the numeration of Jupiter 's satellites is now in precisely the s... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Astraea was the fifth asteroid found , on December 8 , 1845 by K. L. Hencke . | [
"Astraea was the fifth asteroid discovered , on December 8 , 1845 , by K. L. Hencke ."
] | [
"Hygiea was discovered by Annibale de Gasparis on April 12 , 1849 , in Naples , Italy ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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} |
Indeed , the discovery of Astrea proved to be the starting point for the eventual demotion of the four original asteroids ( which were regarded as planets at the time ) to their current status , as it became apparent that these four were only the biggest of a whole new type of celestial body . | [
"Indeed , the discovery of Astraea proved to be the starting point for the eventual demotion of the four original asteroids ( which were regarded as planets at the time ) to their current status , as it became apparent that these four were only the largest of a whole new type of celestial body ."
] | [
"Amphirite 's orbit is less eccentric and inclined than those of its larger cousins ; indeed , it is the most circular of any asteroid discovered up to that point . As a consequence , it never becomes as bright as Iris or Hebe , especially as it is much further from the Sun than those asteroids ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
5 Astraea ( written Astrà a in the early literature ) is a big main belt asteroid . | [
"5 Astraea ( , or as ; written Astrà a in the early literature ) is a large main-belt asteroid ."
] | [
"Hektor is named after the Trojan hero Hektor and is thus one of two trojan asteroids that is `` misplaced '' in the wrong camp ( the other being 617 Patroclus in the Trojan node ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia text:"
} |
The King of Prussia awarded him with an annual pension of 300 US$ ( 1968 dollars ) for the discovery . | [
"The King of Prussia awarded him with an annual pension of 1,200 marks for the discovery ."
] | [
"Staunton challenged Saint-Amant to a longer match to be played in Paris for a stake of  # 100 , equivalent to about  # 73,000 in 2006 's money ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
} |
There has been only one seen stellar occultation by Astraea ( February 2 , 1991 ) . | [
"There has been only one observed stellar occultation by Astraea ( February 2 , 1991 ) ."
] | [
"Phaethon approached to 18.1 Gm of Earth on December 10 , 2007 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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} |
He has played for Trinidad and Tobago national team . | [
"He was the assistant manager of the Trinidad and Tobago national team until the completion of the qualifying matches for the 2010 FIFA World Cup ."
] | [
"He is captain of both Yokohama F. Marinos and the Japan national football team ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
"pos": "Represent the description about Sports:",
"neg": "Represent the description about Sports:"
} |
Dwight Yorke ( born 3 November 1971 ) is a former Trinidad and Tobago football player . | [
"Dwight Eversley Yorke ( born 3 November 1971 in Canaan , Tobago ) is a Trinidad and Tobago former football player ."
] | [
"Robert Earnshaw ( born on 6 April 1981 ) is a Wales international football player ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia description:"
} |
Gonzo ( aka Gonzo the Great or The Great Gonzo ) is a puppet character , one of Jim Henson 's Muppets . | [
"In The Muppet Show he performed as a performance artist , stuntman and daredevil under the name `` The Great Gonzo '' ( or `` Gonzo the Great '' ) ."
] | [
"In the song `` Jim Henson 's Dead '' , Lynch pays homage to many of the characters from The Muppet Show and Sesame Street , two of puppeteer Jim Henson 's most famous creations ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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It excludes any potential energy a body may have because of its location in external gravitational or electrostatic field , although the potential energy it has in a field due to an induced electric or magnetic dipole moment does count , as does the energy of deformation of solids ( stress-strain ) . | [
"It further excludes any kinetic or potential energy a body may have because of its location in external gravitational , electrostatic , or electromagnetic force fields ."
] | [
"Thus the kinetic energy of a tennis ball in flight is the kinetic energy due to its rotation , plus the kinetic energy due to its translation ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Internal energy does not include the translational or rotational kinetic energy of a body as a whole . | [
"Internal energy does not include the energy due to motion of a system as a whole ."
] | [
"So conservation of energy refers to the conservation of the total energy of an isolated system over time ( including rest mass energy mc associated with the rest mass of particles ) and all other forms of energy ( kinetic , potential , nuclear , chemical , thermal , etc. ) in the system together ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:"
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In thermodynamics , the internal energy of a thermodynamic system , or a body with well-defined boundaries , denoted by U , or sometimes E , is the total of the kinetic energy due to the motion of molecules ( translational , rotational , vibrational ) and the potential energy associated with the vibrational and electric energy of atoms within molecules or crystals . It includes the energy in all the chemical bonds , and the energy of the free , conduction electrons in metals . | [
"Internal energy has two major components , kinetic energy and potential energy ."
] | [
"The law implies that mass can not be created or destroyed , although it may be rearranged in space and changed into different types of particles ; and that for any chemical process in a closed system , the mass of the reactants must equal the mass of the products ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Niue national football team is the national football team of Niue . | [
"The Niue national football team is the national football team of Niue , controlled by the Niue Island Soccer Association ."
] | [
"The Kazakhstan national football team represents Kazakhstan in international men 's association football and is directed by Football Federation of Kazakhstan ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
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