query stringlengths 12 2.51k | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
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The Sassanid Empire , which succeeded the Parthian Empire , was recognized as one of the two main powers in Western Asia , alongside the Roman Empire and later the Byzantine Empire , for more than 400 years . | [
"The Sassanid Empire , which succeeded the Parthian Empire , was recognized as one of the two main powers in Western Asia and Europe , alongside the Roman Empire and its successor , the Byzantine Empire , for a period of more than 400 years ."
] | [
"Manichaeism thrived between the third and seventh centuries , and at its height was one of the most widespread religions in the world ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The Sassanid era is considered to be one of the most important and influential historical periods in Iran . In many ways the Sassanid period saw the highest achievement of Persian civilization , and constituted the last great Iranian Empire before the Muslim conquest and adoption of Islam . | [
"The Sassanid era , during Late Antiquity , is considered to have been one of Persia 's \\/ Iran 's most important and influential historical periods , and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam ."
] | [
"Originating in the eastern Mediterranean coast of the Middle East ( modern Israel and Palestine ) , it quickly spread to Syria , Mesopotamia , Asia Minor and Egypt , it grew in size and influence over a few decades , and by the 4th century had become the dominant religion within the Roman Empire ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the description about History:",
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Their cultural influence extended far beyond the empire 's territorial borders , reaching as far as Western Europe , Africa , China and India , and played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asiatic medieval art . | [
"The Sassanids ' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire 's territorial borders , reaching as far as Western Europe , Africa , China and India . It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asiatic medieval art ."
] | [
"Castration was frequently used for religious or social reasons in certain cultures in Europe , the Middle East , South Asia , Africa , East Asia ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Jesàs Navas ( born 21 November 1985 ) is a Spanish football player . He plays for Sevilla and Spain national team . | [
"Jesàs Navas Gonzà lez ( ; born 21 November 1985 in Los Palacios y Villafranca , Seville ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC in the Spanish first division ."
] | [
"Roberto Soldado Rillo ( born 27 May 1985 ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Valencia CF as a striker ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the sentence about Sports:",
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Brunnenthal is a municipality in the district of Bucheggberg , in the canton of Solothurn , Switzerland . | [
"Brunnenthal was a municipality in the district of Bucheggberg , in the canton of Solothurn , Switzerland ."
] | [
"Erschwil is a municipality in the district of Thierstein in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text about Geography:",
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Kasaan is a city in Alaska . | [
"Kasaan is part of the Southeast Island Schools district ."
] | [
"Nunapitchuk is a city in Bethel Census Area , Alaska , United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The band now consisted of founding members Louris and Perlman , along with drummer O'Reagan , and touring band member ex-Long Ryder Stephen McCarthy , from Richmond , VA. . | [
"The band now consisted of founding members Louris and Perlman , along with drummer O'Reagan , and touring band member ex-Long Ryder Stephen McCarthy , from Richmond , VA who also played with Johnny Hott and The Piedmont Surprise ."
] | [
"Tintari left shortly after recording the EP , and was replaced by Brandon Barnes , after a short time with Dan Lumley of Screeching Weasel and Squirtgun as the drummer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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This lineup toured in 2003 and early 2004 . | [
"This lineup toured in 2003 and early 2004 , including their first ever appearance on PBS 's long running series , Austin City Limits ."
] | [
"He also won the same award in 2009 and 2010 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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Rainy Day Music ( 2003 ) was stripped down and more acoustic . It was generally seen as a return to their alt-country roots . | [
"Rainy Day Music ( 2003 ) , the band 's last studio album to date , was stripped down , more acoustic , and generally seen as a return to their alt-country roots ( `` Tailspin , '' `` Stumbling Through the Dark , '' `` You Look So Young '' ) ."
] | [
"Her 2003 album An Echo of Hooves marked a return to the traditional ballad form after concentrating on other styles for several years , and was highly acclaimed ."
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With Karen Grotberg on the keyboards and vocals , the band toured a lot . | [
"Adding Karen Grotberg on the keyboards and vocals , the band toured extensively ."
] | [
"Troy 's Bucket was met with warm reception from the scene , and Baxter became a popular band in the Chicago underground scene ."
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After touring the U.S. in support of Blue Earth , Spencer left the band . | [
"After touring the U.S. in support of Blue Earth , Spencer left the band due to commitments at home with his business ."
] | [
"On May , 1987 Adams started the Into the Fire tour where his first performance was in Shreveport , Louisiana with his backing band ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Blue Earth , the second album , was released in 1989 on the Twin Tone label . | [
"Louris returned and the sum of the collected demos from 1986-1989 were brought together to create Blue Earth , released on the Minneapolis label Twin Tone in 1989 ."
] | [
"Though the band never performed live with this lineup , it released a self-produced demo EP entitled Transistor Revolt in 2000 , a year before signing with Fat Wreck Chords ."
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In 1995 they went into the studio to make Tomorrow the Green Grass . It was released on the renamed American Recordings label . | [
"In 1995 they went into the studio to produce Tomorrow the Green Grass on the renamed American Recordings label ."
] | [
"Elektra Records in 1995 and recorded his debut album Everything You Want the next year ."
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Gary Louris shared more of the songwriting together with Olson for this album . | [
"On this album Gary Louris shared more of the songwriting with Olson ."
] | [
"Nelson and the band encountered problems in producing some aspects of the song ."
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The band formed with Mark Olson ( acoustic guitar and vocals ) , Gary Louris ( electric guitar and vocals ) , Marc Perlman ( bass ) and Norm Rogers ( drums ) . | [
"The band formed in 1985 in Minneapolis , Minnesota with Mark Olson ( acoustic guitar and vocals ) , Gary Louris ( electric guitar and vocals ) , Marc Perlman ( bass ) and Norm Rogers ( drums ) ."
] | [
"Superchunk was formed in 1989 in the town of Chapel Hill , North Carolina , by Mac McCaughan ( guitar and vocals ) , Laura Ballance ( bass ) , Chuck Garrison ( drums ) , and Jack McCook ( guitar ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Their first album The Jayhawks was released in 1986 . | [
"Their first album The Jayhawks was released by Bunkhouse Records , a small independent label , in 1986 ."
] | [
"Louris returned and the sum of the collected demos from 1986-1989 were brought together to create Blue Earth , released on the Minneapolis label Twin Tone in 1989 ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Lead track `` Blue '' turned out to be a Top 40 hit in Canada ( peaking at # 33 ) . The record 's production had been very expensive and the album did not to sell as was expected in the U.S. Among the album 's songs is `` Miss Williams ' Guitar , '' a love song for Olson 's then-girlfriend , singer-songwriter Victoria Williams ( the pair later married , but divorced in February , 2006 ) . | [
"Lead track `` Blue '' turned out to be a Top 40 hit in Canada ( peaking at # 33 ) , but the record 's production had been very expensive and the album failed to sell as expected in the U.S. Among the album 's songs is `` Miss Williams ' Guitar , '' a love song for Olson 's then-girlfriend , singer-songwriter Victo... | [
"However , Scarbury could not follow the song 's success , and after charting at # 49 with a follow-up single `` When She Dances '' , he once again disappeared from the charts ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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As of 2004 , 1,289 lived there . | [
"As of 2004 , the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 1,289 ."
] | [
"The 2010 â `` 2011 floods killed 35 people in Queensland ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Andrzej Wiktor Schally , also known as Andrew W. Schally , born November 30 , 1926 in Wilno , Poland ( now Vilnius , Lithuania ) . He is an endocrinologist and in 1977 won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine . | [
"Andrzej `` Andrew '' Viktor Schally ( born November 30 , 1926 ) is a Polish-born American endocrinologist and Nobel Prize laureate ( 1977 ) in medicine , sharing the prize that year with Roger Guillemin and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow ."
] | [
"Yves Chauvin ( born October 10 , 1930 ) is a French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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That same year he left for a research career in the United States where he has worked mainly at Tulane University . | [
"That same year he left for a research career in the United States where he has worked principally at Tulane University ."
] | [
"For political reasons , he was not accepted into any post-secondary school with a humanities program ; therefore , he opted to study at the Faculty of Economics of Czech Technical University in Prague but dropped out after two years ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Born in Poland , Andrew Schally received his education in Scotland and England . | [
"Schally received his education in Scotland and England ."
] | [
"That same year he left for a research career in the United States where he has worked principally at Tulane University ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He developed a whole new realm of knowledge concerning the brainâ s control over the body chemistry . | [
"He developed a whole new realm of knowledge concerning the brain 's control over the body chemistry ."
] | [
"Together with the peripheral nervous system , it has a fundamental role in the control of behavior ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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He - as well as Roger Guillemin - described the neurohormone GnRH that controls FSH and LH . | [
"Heâ '' as well as Roger Guilleminâ '' described the neurohormone GnRH that controls FSH and LH ."
] | [
"Thus , higher hormone concentration alone can not trigger the negative feedback mechanism . Negative feedback must be triggered by overproduction of an `` effect '' of the hormone ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Francisco Pavà n ( born 9 January 1980 ) is a Spanish football player . | [
"Francisco `` Paco '' Pavà n Barahona ( born January 9 , 1980 ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for AC Arles-Avignon in France , as a central defender ."
] | [
"Diego Tristà n Herrera ( born 5 January 1976 ) is a retired Spanish professional footballer ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Funchal is the capital city of Madeira , part of Portugal . | [
"Funchal is the largest city , the municipal seat and the capital of Portugal 's Autonomous Region of Madeira ."
] | [
"The capital of the island , Las Palmas de Gran Canaria , is also the largest city and capital of the autonomous community of the Canary Islands ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Bustuchin is a commune of Gorj County in Romania . | [
"Bustuchin is a commune in Gorj County , Romania ."
] | [
"Albeni is a commune in Gorj County , Romania ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
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Template : Retired Philippine typhoon names While crossing the western Caroline Islands , Mike proved to be quite destructive . | [
"While crossing the western Caroline Islands , Mike proved to be quite destructive ."
] | [
"It became a tropical cyclone on October 27 , and ultimately peaked with winds of 85 k. The storm had minor effects on the island of Bermuda as it passed to the south ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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In 1991 , they started in Boston , Massachusetts . The members are Adam Gardner , Ryan Miller , Brian Rosenworcel , and Joe Pisapia . | [
"Formed in 1991 , the group is known for its live performances and humor , founding members Adam Gardner , Ryan Miller , and Brian Rosenworcel came about to begin practice sessions while attending Tufts University in Medford , Massachusetts ."
] | [
"Immediately , Weiland and DeLeo formed a band with two of Scott 's friends from Edison High School , Corey Hicock ( guitar ) and David Allin ( drums ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Guster is an alternative rock band from America . | [
"Guster is an American alternative rock band from Boston , Massachusetts ."
] | [
"Animal Collective is a neo-psychedelic band originally from Baltimore , Maryland , currently based in New York City ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Caudrot is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Caudrot is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Bayon-sur-Gironde ( Baion in Occitan ) is a commune in the Gironde department in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It might be included in Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants . | [
"In 2009 the production and agricultural use of lindane was banned under the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants ."
] | [
"Legally and in hazardous chemical labeling , poisons are especially toxic substances ; less toxic substances are labeled `` harmful '' , `` irritant '' , or not labeled at all ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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The World Health Organization classifies Lindane as `` Moderately Hazardous '' . International trade with it is restricted and regulated under the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent . | [
"The World Health Organization classifies lindane as `` Moderately Hazardous , '' and its international trade is restricted and regulated under the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent ."
] | [
"Pasteurization methods are usually standardized and controlled by national food safety agencies ( such as the USDA in the United States and the Food Standards Agency in the United Kingdom ) ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia description:",
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They have between 5 and 7 dark stripes going from top to bottom . | [
"It is easily recognisable by its distinctive traverse bands , which are of a much darker color than the rest of the body , and number between 5 and 7 ."
] | [
"Anchovies are small , green fish with blue reflections due to a silver longitudinal stripe that runs from the base of the caudal fin ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Pilot fish follow sharks because other animals which might eat the pilot fish will not come near a shark . | [
"In this latter sense , the pilot fish is sometimes used as a metaphor or simile ; `` they are like the pilot fish to the shark , serving to lead him to his victim '' ."
] | [
"Their tail will drop off and wriggle around for a little while , and the salamanders will either run away or stay still enough to not be noticed while the predator is distracted ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Sailors even said that sharks and pilot fish act like close friends . | [
"It was often said by sailors that sharks and pilot fish share something like a `` close companionship '' ; there were even tales of this fish following ships which had captured `` their '' shark for up to six weeks and showing signs of distress in its absence ."
] | [
"However , Blue Jays have also been known to attack or kill other smaller birds ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia sentence:",
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The pilot fish ( Naucrates ductor ) is a fish that lives in many places of the world . | [
"The pilot fish ( Naucrates ductor ) is a carnivorous commensal fish in the family Carangidae ."
] | [
"Another species , Periophthalmus barbarus , is the only oxudercine goby that inhabits the coastal areas of western Africa ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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In return , sharks do not eat pilot fish because pilot fish eat the parasites which feed off sharks . This is called a `` mutualist '' relationship . | [
"The pilot fish 's relationship with sharks is a mutualist one ; the pilot fish gains protection from predators , while the shark gains freedom from parasites ."
] | [
"Some feed on sponges , others on hydroids , others on bryozoans , and some eat other sea slugs , or , on some occasions , are cannibals and prey on members of their own species ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the Wikipedia text:",
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The pilot fish is of a dark blue to blackish-silver color , and are slightly lighter in color underneath . | [
"The pilot fish is of a dark blue to blackish-silver color , with the belly being lighter in color ."
] | [
"Females are smaller than males and are blue-grey with a brown tinge , pale gray below , although arid zone females are colored more like males ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Pilot fish follow sharks because other animals which might eat the pilot fish will not come near a shark . In return , sharks do not eat pilot fish because pilot fish eat the parasites which feed off sharks . | [
"Whatever the veracity of such reports , it is extremely rare that a shark will feed on a pilot fish , and smaller pilot fish are frequently observed swimming into sharks ' mouths to clean away fragments of food from between their teeth ."
] | [
"There is a species of the hammerhead shark that is more aggressive and large in size : the Great Hammerhead . These sharks tend to be more aggressive and eat the squid , octopus , and other hammerhead sharks ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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It could be because sailors people believed that pilot fish were leading ( piloting ) them back to port , or even leading swimmers and whales to safety . | [
"One is that sea-faring people believed that pilot fish , which would appear around the bow of their ships when they were close to land , were leading ( or piloting ) them back to port . An alternative etymology is that pilot fish were once , erroneously , thought to be piloting sharks to food , or even ( as legend... | [
"Other stories depict mermaids squeezing the life out of drowning men while attempting to rescue them ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Very well known is the one time the Erinyes followed Orestes : Orestes ' mother Klytaimnestra and her lover Aegisthos had killed Orestes ' father Agamemnon . | [
"Orestes killed Clytemnestra to avenge the murder of his father , Agamemnon . The Erinyes chase Orestes to Athens where Athena then intervenes ."
] | [
"In 1876 the archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann discovered in Mycenae six graves , which he was confident belonged to kings and ancient Greek heroesâ '' Agamemnon , Cassandra , Evrimdon and their associates ."
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Orestes was then pursued by the Erinyes for his crime . | [
"She and the Athenians judge whether Orestes deserves the wrath of Erinyes and rule in favor of Orestes ."
] | [
"Their father , Amphion , at the sight of his dead sons , either killed himself or was killed by Apollo for having sworn revenge ."
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Through the paintings Pissarro completed at this time , he records Sydenham and Norwood at a time when they were just recently connected by railways . | [
"; Paintings Through the paintings Pissarro completed at this time , he records Sydenham and the Norwoods at a time when they were just recently connected by railways , but prior to the expansion of suburbia ."
] | [
"Located approximately 7 m north of Brighton , with a population of 6,821 , the area now occupied by Hassocks was just a collection of small houses and a coaching house until the 19th century , when work started on the London to Brighton railway ."
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One of the largest of these paintings is a view of St. Bartholomew 's Church at Lawrie Park Avenue , commonly known as The Avenue , Sydenham , in the collection of the National Gallery , London . | [
"One of the largest of these paintings is a view of St. Bartholomew 's Church at Lawrie Park Avenue , commonly known as The Avenue , Sydenham , in the collection of the London National Gallery ."
] | [
"The town was named after an Anglican chapel on a hill , now known as Chapel of the Cross ."
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Buverchy is a commune in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France . | [
"Buverchy is an unincorporated city in the Somme department in Picardie in northern France ."
] | [
"Domptin is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France ."
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This list is the names for the Subtropical storms in 1973 . | [
"The following names were used for named storms ( tropical storms and hurricanes ) that formed in the North Atlantic in 1973 ."
] | [
"The World Meteorological Organization retired one name in the spring of 1990 : Hugo . It was replaced in the 1995 season by Humberto ."
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The 1973 Atlantic hurricane season began on June 1 , 1973 and ended November 30 , 1973 . | [
"The season officially began on June 1 , 1973 , and lasted until November 30 , 1973 ."
] | [
"The 1950s was the decade that began on January 1 , 1950 and ended on December 31 , 1959 ."
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Reinaldo da Cruz Oliveira ( born 14 March 1979 ) is a Brazilian football player . | [
"Reinaldo da Cruz Oliveira or simply Reinaldo ( born March 14 , 1979 in Itaguaà , Brazil ) , is a Brazilian striker ."
] | [
"Josue Souza Santos , or simply Josue ( born July 10 , 1987 ) , is a Brazilian striker ."
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When the majority of communities in Duval County consolidated with Jacksonville , Florida in 1968 , Atlantic Beach , along with Jacksonville Beach , Neptune Beach , Ponte Vedra Beach and Baldwin , Florida , remained quasi-independent . | [
"When the majority of communities in Duval County consolidated with Jacksonville , Florida in 1968 , Atlantic Beach , along with Jacksonville Beach , Neptune Beach , and Baldwin , Florida , remained quasi-independent ."
] | [
"The residents of unincorporated Deltona voted in September 1995 to incorporate Deltona as a new city , after two previous failed attempts to do so in 1987 and 1990 . A seven-member commission was elected , and as of December 31 , 1995 , the City of Deltona became official ."
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Atlantic Beach is a city in Duval County , Florida , United States . | [
"Atlantic Beach , a city in Duval County , Florida , is the northernmost of the Jacksonville Beaches communities ."
] | [
"Green Cove Springs is a city in Clay County , Florida , United States ."
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On September 2 , 1999 , the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service established the Navassa Island Wildlife Refuge as an overlay . | [
"By Secretary 's Order No. 3210 of December 3 , 1999 , the United States Fish and Wildlife Service assumed administrative responsibility for Navassa , which became a National Wildlife Refuge Overlay , also known as Navassa Island National Wildlife Refuge ."
] | [
"The species was first protected in the U.S. and Canada by the 1918 Migratory Bird Treaty , later extended to all of North America ."
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With the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 , Navassa became important again , because of a lighthouse being built there . | [
"Navassa became significant again with the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 ."
] | [
"A pier was built in the bay , although little further development took place , and the pier was destroyed by heavy seas before any trade could be established with passing steamers , and the development was abandoned when the promotor went into liquidation in 1900 , and although a route was surveyed for a branch li... | SimpleWiki | {
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Tauriers is a commune in the Ardà che dà partement in southern France . | [
"Tauriers is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
] | [
"Juvinas is a commune in the Ardà che department in southern France ."
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Swan Plant ( Asclepias physocarpa ) is a species of milkweed plant . It is also known as Balloonplant and Balloon Cotton-Bush . | [
"Asclepias physocarpa ( also known as Gomphocarpus physocarpus , commonly balloonplant , balloon cotton-bush or swan plant ) is a species of milkweed ."
] | [
"Dipsacus fullonum , syn . Dipsacus sylvestris , is a species of flowering plant known by the common names Fuller 's teasel and wild teasel ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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If none of these parameters are supplied , or no parameter is present , Man 's is the default gender given , in order to comply with previous versions of this template . | [
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This page was last changed at $ 1 . | [
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Martin JÃ rgensen ( born 6 October 1975 ) is a Danish football player . | [
"Lars Martin JÃ rgensen ( born October 6 , 1975 ) , more commonly known as Martin JÃ rgensen , is a Danish professional football player , who currently plays for Danish club AGF Aarhus ."
] | [
"Dirk Lehmann ( born 16 August 1971 ) is a retired German association football player ."
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The title is taken from a lyric from the fifth track on the album , which is from the point of view of Jesus Christ 's pretend brother , Craig . | [
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] | [
"The `` thief '' mentioned in the song refers to the tumor . The short clip at the end of the song consisting of a young girl singing a Sunday school song is a real audio clip of Mina Kim singing `` Little By Little '' with Maida 's wife Chantal Kreviazuk ."
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The pair are managed by Tamina , and wrestle on the SmackDown brand of World Wrestling Entertainment . | [
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Paul Freier ( born 26 July 1979 ) is a German football player . He plays for Bochum . | [
"Paul Freier ( born 26 July 1979 in Bytom , Silesia ) is a German football player who plays as a midfielder for VfL Bochum , usually employed on the right wing ."
] | [
"Heiko Westermann ( born 14 August 1983 in Alzenau , Bavaria ) is a German footballer who plays as defender for Hamburger SV and the German national team ."
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Genghis Khan 's grandson , Kublai Khan , was the first ever emperor of the Yuan Dynasty ( 1271 â `` 1368 ) in China . | [
"When Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty in 1271 , he had his grandfather Genghis Khan placed on the official record as the founder of the dynasty or Taizu ."
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"Armenia , or Armenistan , became a province of the Ottoman Empire under Selim II ( 1524 â `` 1574 ) ."
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The Secret History of the Mongols reports that Temà 1\/4 jin was born with a blood clot grasped in his fist , a sign that he was destined to become a great leader . | [
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] | [
"One of China 's emperors , Qà n ShÇ Huà ng Dà â '' allegedly buried in a tomb that contained rivers of flowing mercury on a model of the land he ruled , representative of the rivers of China â '' was killed by drinking a mercury and powdered jade mixture ( causing liver failure , poisoning , and brain death ) inte... | SimpleWiki | {
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Because of the lack of records , there is very little information about the early life of Temà 1\/4 jin . | [
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"Among them was one woman , Fà timih Zarrà n Tà j Baraghà ni , a poetess , who later received the name of Tà hirih ( the Pure ) ."
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Because his father was a chieftain , as were the ones before him , Temà 1\/4 jin was of a noble background . | [
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"The inhabitants of the palace were RyÅ `` jin 's servants , which were various denizens of the sea ."
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The Etruscan language was spoken and written by the Etruscan civilization in the ancient area of Etruria ( modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium ) and in parts of Lombardy , Veneto , and Emilia-Romagna ( where Gauls took the place of Etruscans ) , in Italy . | [
"The Etruscan language was spoken and written by the people responsible for Etruscan civilization in what is now present-day Italy , in the ancient region of Etruria ( modern Tuscany plus western Umbria and northern Latium ) and in parts of Lombardy , Veneto , and Emilia-Romagna ( where the Etruscans were displaced... | [
"Cultural and historical Italian presence in Dalmatia is related to the Italian influence in Dalmatia ( now divided between Croatia , Herzegovina and Montenegro ) from the historical and cultural points of view ."
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Inscriptions have been found in north-west and west-central Italy , in the region that even now has a name that came from the Etruscans , Tuscany ( from Latin tuscÄ `` `` Etruscans '' ) , as well as in today 's Latium north of Rome , in today 's Umbria west of the Tiber , around Capua in Campania and in the Po valley to the north of Etruria . | [
"Inscriptions have been found in north-west and west-central Italy , in the region that even now bears the name of the Etruscans , Tuscany ( from Latin tuscÄ `` `` Etruscans '' ) , as well as in modern Latium north of Rome , in today 's Umbria west of the Tiber , around Capua in Campania and in the Po valley to the... | [
"Latina is the capital of the province of Latina in the Lazio region , in central Italy ."
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Cristian Hidalgo ( born 21 September 1983 ) is a Spanish football player . He plays for HÃ rcules . | [
"Cristian Hidalgo Gonzà lez , simply Cristian ( born 21 September 1983 in Barcelona , Catalonia ) , is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Hà rcules CF , as a winger ."
] | [
"Raà l Bravo Sanfà lix ( born 14 April 1981 in Gandia , Valencia ) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Olympiacos F.C. in Greece ."
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Bohas-Meyriat-Rignat is a commune . | [
"Bohas-Meyriat-Rignat is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France ."
] | [
"Sallaumines is a commune of northern France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Iran national football team is the national football team of Iran . | [
"The national football team of Iran represents Iran in international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Federation Islamic Republic of Iran ."
] | [
"The Singapore national football team is the national association football team of Singapore ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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After a continuous campaign of 28 years , the UVF called a ceasefire in October 1994 . | [
"The UVF agreed to a ceasefire in October 1994 ."
] | [
"SDLP leader John Hume , MP , identified the possibility that a negotiated settlement might be possible and began secret talks with Adams in 1988 ."
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They immediately set up the Loyalist Volunteer Force ( LVF ) . | [
"More militant members of the UVF , led by Billy Wright who disagreed with the ceasefire , broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force ( LVF ) ."
] | [
"Adams ' grandfather , also called Gerry Adams , had been a member of the Irish Republican Brotherhood ( IRB ) during the Irish War of Independence ."
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Following the murder of a Catholic taxi driver in Portadown in July 1996 , the Mid-Ulster Brigade of the UVF was expelled . | [
"This development came soon after the UVF 's `` Brigade Staff '' ( its Belfast-based leadership ) had stood down the Mid-Ulster brigade , on 2 August 1996 , for the murder of a Catholic taxi driver near Lurgan during Drumcree disturbances ."
] | [
"In the late 1960s , a civil rights campaign developed in Northern Ireland . Adams was an active supporter and joined the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association in 1967 ."
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Michael Kevin `` Mick '' Taylor ( born 17 January 1949 ) is an English musician best known as a former member of John Mayall 's Bluesbreakers and The Rolling Stones . | [
"Michael Kevin `` Mick '' Taylor ( born 17 January 1949 in Welwyn Garden City , Hertfordshire ) is an English musician , best known as a former member of John Mayall 's Bluesbreakers ( 1966 â `` 69 ) and The Rolling Stones ( 1969 â `` 74 ) ."
] | [
"Lewis Brian Hopkins Jones ( 28 February 1942 â `` 3 July 1969 ) , known as Brian Jones , was an English musician and a founding member of The Rolling Stones ."
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The International Boxing Federation , or IBF , is one of many organizations which sanction world championship boxing bouts , alongside the WBA , WBC , WBO , and a dozen or so others . | [
"The International Boxing Federation , or IBF , is one of four major organizations recognized by IBHOF which sanction world championship boxing bouts , alongside the WBA , WBC and WBO ."
] | [
"Vakhtang `` Vic '' Darchinyan ( ; born 7 January 1976 in Vanadzor , Armenia ) is an Armenian professional boxer who is the current WBA , WBC unified Super Flyweight World Champion . Darchinyan was also formerly the IBF and IBO champion of the flyweight division and briefly reigned as the IBF and IBO 's super flywe... | SimpleWiki | {
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The Fat-tailed Gerbil is a species of gerbil . | [
"The Fat-tailed gerbil is a medium sized gerbil ."
] | [
"The Namtap or Spectacled Dormouse ( Graphiurus ocularis ) is a species of rodent in the Gliridae family , and one of four Dormouse species endemic to South Africa ."
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A specially noted variant of the chosen-ciphertext attack is the `` lunchtime '' or `` midnight '' attack , in which an attacker may make adaptive chosen-ciphertext queries but only up until a certain point , after which the attacker must demonstrate some improved ability to attack the system . | [
"A specially noted variant of the chosen-ciphertext attack is the `` lunchtime '' , `` midnight '' , or `` indifferent '' attack , in which an attacker may make adaptive chosen-ciphertext queries but only up until a certain point , after which the attacker must demonstrate some improved ability to attack the system... | [
"Weak keys usually represent a very small fraction of the overall keyspace , which usually means that , if one generates a random key to encrypt a message , weak keys are very unlikely to give rise to a security problem ."
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When a cryptosystem is susceptible to chosen-ciphertext attack , implementers must be careful to avoid situations in which an attackers might be able to decrypt chosen ciphertexts ( i.e. , avoid providing a decryption scheme ) . | [
"When a cryptosystem is vulnerable to chosen-ciphertext attack , implementers must be careful to avoid situations in which an adversary might be able to decrypt chosen-ciphertexts ( i.e. , avoid providing a decryption oracle ) ."
] | [
"In cryptography , key whitening is a technique intended to increase the security of an iterated block cipher ."
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A ( full ) adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack is an attack in which ciphertexts may be chosen adaptively before and after a challenge ciphertext is given to the attacker , with ONE condition that the challenge ciphertext may not itself be queried . | [
"A ( full ) adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack is an attack in which ciphertexts may be chosen adaptively before and after a challenge ciphertext is given to the attacker , with only the stipulation that the challenge ciphertext may not itself be queried ."
] | [
"If a block cipher or cryptographic hash function does not exhibit the avalanche effect to a significant degree , then it has poor randomization , and thus a cryptanalyst can make predictions about the input , being given only the output ."
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Many chosen-ciphertext attacks of practical importance are lunchtime attacks , including , for instance , when Daniel Bleichenbacher of Bell Laboratories demonstrated a practical attack against systems using the PKCS # 1 ; invented and published by RSA Security . | [
"A practical adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack is the Bleichenbacher attack against PKCS # 1 ."
] | [
"Like other components of the DES , the iterative nature of the Feistel construction makes implementing the cryptosystem in hardware easier ( particularly on the hardware available at the time of DES ' design ) ."
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A proof that attacks in this model are impossible implies that any practical chosen-ciphertext attack can not be performed . | [
"A proof that attacks in this model are impossible implies that any realistic chosen-ciphertext attack can not be performed ."
] | [
"One advantage of the Feistel model compared to a substitution-permutation network is that the round function does not have to be invertible ."
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This can be more difficult than it appears , as even partially chosen ciphertexts can permit subtle attacks . | [
"This can be more difficult than it appears , as even partially-chosen-ciphertexts can permit subtle attacks ."
] | [
"In one application , it is actually a benefit : the password-hashing method used in OpenBSD uses an algorithm derived from Blowfish that makes use of the slow key schedule ; the idea is that the extra computational effort required gives protection against dictionary attacks ."
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The two pairs of castanets used are slightly different sizes so that they make a slightly different pitch . | [
"Each pair will make a sound of a slightly different pitch ."
] | [
"To produce these sounds , the players simply have to use their vocal cords to produce the sounds of the animals whilst continuing to blow air through the instrument ."
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Castanets are traditionally played by singers and dancers . | [
"Castanets are often played by singers or dancers ."
] | [
"The rebec also continued to be used in folk music , especially in eastern Europe and Spain . Andalusi nubah , a genre of music from North Africa , often includes the rebec ."
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Castanets are used in pairs . | [
"In practice a player usually uses two pairs of castanets ."
] | [
"This system was used in many parts of ancient Africa ."
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Kaleta is known for creating the hat trick tradition in hockey when he went into a Toronto shop to buy a hat but when he found one he liked he could n't afford it . | [
"During his tenure with the Black Hawks , he is credited with having begun the tradition of the hat trick during the 1945 â `` 46 season , when he entered a shop in Toronto looking for a new hat . Without enough money to buy one , he reached an agreement with shop owner Sammy Taft that if he scored three goals that... | [
"When Veeck got the impression that Gaedel might be tempted to swing at a pitch , the owner warned Gaedel that he had taken out a $ 1 million insurance policy on his life , and that he would be standing on the roof of the stadium with a rifle prepared to kill Gaedel if he even looked like he was going to swing ."
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Alexander `` Killer '' Kaleta ( November 29 , 1919 â `` July 9 , 1987 ) was a professional Canadian ice hockey left winger that played 7 seasons in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) with the Chicago Black Hawks and New York Rangers organizations . | [
"Alexander `` Killer '' Kaleta ( November 29 , 1919 -- July 9 , 1987 ) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player . He played in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the Chicago Black Hawks and New York Rangers and is best known for his part in originating hockey 's hat trick tradition ."
] | [
"Francis Charles `` Mister Zero '' Brimsek ( September 26 , 1913 -- November 11 , 1998 ) was an American professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Boston Bruins and Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League ."
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He and his horse May-Queen won the silver medal as member of the German team at the 1912 Summer Olympics . But he was 15th in the individual eventing competition . | [
"He and his horse May-Queen won the silver medal as member of the German team in the team eventing after finishing 15th in the individual eventing competition ."
] | [
"In 2002 , she competed internationally for the first time at the Triglav Trophy , where she won the gold medal in the novice competition ."
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He also participated in the Equestrian at the 1912 Summer Olympics - Individual dressage individual dressage event with his horse New Bank . | [
"Von Moers also participated in the individual dressage event with his horse New Bank ."
] | [
"She won her second international competition at the Golden Bear of Zagreb , a novice competition ."
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Carl von Moers ( born December 9 , 1871 - May 26 , 1957 ) was a German horse rider who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics . | [
"Carl von Moers ( born December 9 , 1871 , date of death unknown ) was a German horse rider who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics ."
] | [
"Engelbert Kraus ( born 30 July 1934 ) was a German football player ."
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The town is a settlement of 35,000 people and lies west of Swabi and on the northern bank of the Indus River . | [
"The town is a settlement of 35,000 people and is located at with an altitude of 308 metres and lies west of Swabi and on the northern bank of the Indus River ."
] | [
"Badin is the main city and capital of Badin District in Sindh , Pakistan . It lies east of the Indus River ."
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Lahor is a town and tehsil of Swabi District in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan . | [
"Lahor is a town of Swabi District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan ."
] | [
"Besham ( also known as Besham Qala ) is the largest town and commercial center of the Shangla District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Linden is a city in and the county seat of Marengo County , Alabama , United States . | [
"Linden is a city in and the county seat of Marengo County , Alabama , United States . ."
] | [
"Allison is a city in and the county seat of Butler County , Iowa , United States ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Mitsuyuki Yoshihiro ( born 4 May 1985 ) is a Japanese football player . | [
"Mitsuyuki Yoshihiro is a Japanese footballer who plays for Ehime F.C. ."
] | [
"Shu Kamo ( å è å ` Kamo Shu , born 29 October 1939 ) is a retired Japanese football player and currently a football manager ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Murphy has played multiple roles in Coming to America , Wes Craven 's Vampire In Brooklyn , the Nutty Professor films ( where he played the title role in two incarnations , plus his father , brother , mother and grandmother ) , Bowfinger and 2007 's Norbit . | [
"Murphy has played multiple roles in Coming to America , Wes Craven 's Vampire In Brooklyn , the Nutty Professor films ( where he played the title role in two incarnations , plus his father , brother , mother , and grandmother ) , Bowfinger , and 2007 's Norbit ."
] | [
"Hill returned to work in the 1980s and 1990s , playing parental and authority-figure roles in such films as Yentl ( 1983 ) , Garbo Talks ( 1984 ) , Neil Simon 's Brighton Beach Memoirs , Heartburn ( 1986 ) , and Billy Bathgate ( 1991 ) . Hill also appeared as a mob kingpin in Raw Deal ( 1986 ) , an action vehicle ... | SimpleWiki | {
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He has received Golden Globe Award nominations for best actor in a comedy or musical for his performances in Beverly Hills Cop , Beverly Hills Cop II , Beverly Hills Cop III , Trading Places , and The Nutty Professor . | [
"He has received Golden Globe Award nominations for his performances in 48 Hrs , Beverly Hills Cop series , Trading Places , and The Nutty Professor ."
] | [
"Examples include Who Framed Roger Rabbit , Dick Tracy , The Nightmare Before Christmas , The Santa Clause , Remember the Titans , Sweet Home Alabama , Bringing Down the House , National Treasure , The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy , Dark Water , Hidalgo , Tales of Earthsea , and Pirates of the Caribbean : The ... | SimpleWiki | {
"query": "Represent the text:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
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Edward `` Eddie '' Regan Murphy ( born April 3 , 1961 , Brooklyn , New York City ) is an American actor and comedian who has won the Golden Globe Award in 2006 and was nominated for an Academy Award in 2001 . | [
"Edward Regan `` Eddie '' Murphy ( born April 3 , 1961 ) is an American stand-up comedian , actor , writer , singer , director , comedian , and musician ."
] | [
"Sally Kellerman ( born June 2 , 1937 ) is an American actress and singer known for her role as Major Margaret `` Hot Lips '' Houlihan in the film MASH ( 1970 ) , for which she was nominated for an Oscar for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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This is different than the physical property of the substance because this property is only shown when the substance is reacting or changing its chemistry ; because of this it is difficult to see a chemical property . Chemical properties are determined with an experiment or a highly developed model . | [
"A chemical property is any of a material 's properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction ; that is , any quality that can be established only by changing a substance 's chemical identity ."
] | [
"Chemical similarity ( or molecular similarity ) refers to the similarity of chemical elements , molecules or chemical compounds with respect to either structural or functional qualities , i.e. the effect that the chemical compound has on reaction partners in anorganic or biological settings ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Maransin , Gironde is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France . | [
"Maransin is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | [
"Saint-Ciers-d ` Abzac is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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Thà odore Chassà riau ( September 20 , 1819 -- October 8 , 1856 ) was a French romantic painter noted for his portraits , historical and religious paintings , and images inspired by his travels to Algeria . | [
"Thà odore Chassà riau ( September 20 , 1819 â `` October 8 , 1856 ) was a French romantic painter noted for his portraits , historical and religious paintings , allegorical murals , and Orientalist images inspired by his travels to Algeria ."
] | [
"Edgard Victor Achille Charles Varà se , whose name was also spelled Edgar Varà se ( December 22 , 1883 â `` November 6 , 1965 ) , was an innovative French-born composer who spent the greater part of his career in the United States ."
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After Ingres left Paris in 1834 to become director of the French Academy in Rome , Chassà riau fell under the influence of Eugà ne Delacroix , a well-known romantic painter . | [
"After Ingres left Paris in 1834 to become director of the French Academy in Rome , Chassà riau fell under the influence of Eugà ne Delacroix , whose brand of painterly colorism was anathema to Ingres ."
] | [
"He modeled them on temples , pyramids , and ancient ruins , taking ideas from architectural history books that he studied at the nearby Bibliothà que Nationale , thanks to the enlightened attitude of his first employer Bailly ."
] | SimpleWiki | {
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